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PHP Day-3

The document outlines the structure and content of an introduction to PHP course over 7 days. Day 3 covers cookies, sessions, strings and string functions. Cookies are text files stored on the client computer to track users. Sessions create temporary server-side files to store data accessible across website pages. String functions allow manipulation of text data in PHP. The document provides examples of setting, accessing, and destroying cookies and sessions in PHP code.

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Abhijeet Singh
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
43 views

PHP Day-3

The document outlines the structure and content of an introduction to PHP course over 7 days. Day 3 covers cookies, sessions, strings and string functions. Cookies are text files stored on the client computer to track users. Sessions create temporary server-side files to store data accessible across website pages. String functions allow manipulation of text data in PHP. The document provides examples of setting, accessing, and destroying cookies and sessions in PHP code.

Uploaded by

Abhijeet Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

<?PHP?>

[email protected]
Course Structure
 2 Parts
 1. Introduction to PHP (3 Days)

 2. Web Applications with PHP (4-6 Days)

 Introduction to PHP
 Day-1 : PHP installations, PHP Language Basics, Basic Control Structures

 Day-2 : Advanced control Structures, Function, Arrays, Include &


Require(Modularity)
 Day-3 : PHP with HTML: HTTP – Get & Post, Sessions, Cookies, Strings and
String Functions,
DAY - 3

PHP
What we will see today
Cookies

Sessions

Strings and String functions

Before these we will look at the program


A program for generating VSP Refundable PF Loan
Amortization Table.
Cookies

PHP
Cookies
 Cookies are text files stored on the client computer and they are kept of use
tracking purpose. PHP transparently supports HTTP cookies.
 There are three steps involved in identifying returning users −
 Server script sends a set of cookies to the browser. For example name, age, or
identification number etc.
 Browser stores this information on local machine for future use.
 When next time browser sends any request to web server then it sends those cookies
information to the server and server uses that information to identify the user.

 $_COOKIE or $HTTP_COOKIE_VARS[] which holds all cookie names and values.


 Any cookie can be accessed using $HTTP_COOKIE_VARS[“cookie-name"]
Cookies
 PHP provided setcookie() function to set a cookie. This function requires upto six arguments and
should be called before <html> tag. For each cookie this function has to be called separately.
 setcookie(name, value, expire, path, domain, security);
 Name − This sets the name of the cookie and is stored in an environment variable called
HTTP_COOKIE_VARS. This variable is used while accessing cookies.
 Value − This sets the value of the named variable and is the content that you actually want to
store.
 Expiry − This specify a future time in seconds since 00:00:00 GMT on 1st Jan 1970. After this
time cookie will become inaccessible. If this parameter is not set then cookie will automatically
expire when the Web Browser is closed.
 Path − This specifies the directories for which the cookie is valid. A single forward slash
character permits the cookie to be valid for all directories.
 Domain − This can be used to specify the domain name in very large domains and must
contain at least two periods to be valid. All cookies are only valid for the host and domain which
created them.
 Security − This can be set to 1 to specify that the cookie should only be sent by secure
transmission using HTTPS otherwise set to 0 which mean cookie can be sent by regular HTTP.
Sessions

PHP
Sessions
 An alternative way to make data accessible across the various pages
of an entire website is to use a PHP Session.
 A session creates a file in a temporary directory on the server where
registered session variables and their values are stored. This data will
be available to all pages on the site during that visit.
 The location of the temporary file is determined by a setting in the
php.ini file called session.save_path. Before using any session variable
make sure you have setup this path.
Sessions
 A PHP session is easily started by making a call to the session_start()
function.
 This function first checks if a session is already started and if none is
started then it starts one.
 It is recommended to put the call to session_start() at the beginning of
the page.
 Session variables are stored in associative array called $_SESSION[].
These variables can be accessed during lifetime of a session.
Starting a session
 A PHP session is easily started by making a call to the session_start()
function.This function first checks if a session is already started and if
none is started then it starts one. It is recommended to put the call to
session_start() at the beginning of the page.
 Session variables are stored in associative array called $_SESSION[].
These variables can be accessed during lifetime of a session.
 The following example starts a session then register a variable called
counter that is incremented each time the page is visited during the
session.
 Make use of isset() function to check if session variable is already set or
not
Destroying a session
 A PHP session can be destroyed by session_destroy() function. This function
does not need any argument and a single call can destroy all the session
variables. If you want to destroy a single session variable then you can use
unset() function to unset a session variable.
 Here is the example to unset a single variable −
<?php
unset($_SESSION['counter']);
?>

 Here is the call which will destroy all the session variables −
<?php
session_destroy();
?>
That’s all for the Day-3

Thanks

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