WOODSHOP Shaping the Successful Shop

TM

NEWS
®

CNC FOR 2018

A BROAD LOOK AT DIGITAL FABRICATION

Buying advice, software solutions, new tooling,

expanding a CNC’s capabilities, small-format options, and more

BLACK BOOK
SUPPLEMENT TO WOODSHOP NEWS
 v

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 2018

TABLE
OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 CabinEt:>ro®
10 Small shops need to consider several
factors - including machine size,
software and training - before making
that first purchase

CHAPTER 2
16 Manufacturers of machines and
software are working together to pro-
vide digital fabrication solutions

CHAPTER 3
24 With CAD and optimizing software,
the job gets easier

CHAPTER 4
26 Digital fabrication of columns, stair
balusters, chair spindles and more
is available from a long list of CNC
manufacturers

CHAPTER 5
30 New aggregate heads, chucks, spindles
and router bits can increase your digital
fabrication capabilities
 2018

TABLE
OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 6
Small-format CNCs are a great option

CHAPTER 7
Sign making: Combining art, skill,
tooling and machinery

CHAPTER 8
Add to a CNC's capabilities with
artistic software

CHAPTER 9
It's all about the details with a
digital probe

CHAPTER 10
Digital fabrication requires a
workstation; not a PC
 Introduction

A CNC
CREATES OPPORTUNITIES
BY JOHN ENGLISH

T
hey say that woodworkers who own a CNC router have their lection can be a whole lot easier, especially if the CNC is enclosed. Inventory is
work cut out for them. That’s true as far as the joke goes, but simplified, as is scheduling. There are personnel implications, too. CNCs don’t
not so valid in reality. Bringing a CNC on board does add some call in sick, come in late, go on vacation or stop working at 5. The machine
chores, but it eliminates far more than it brings with it. And they can double production, eliminate job backlogs, allow somebody to go install
are a different kind of chore, less demanding than standing at a table saw or a instead of routing dadoes all day, and generally quicken the pace of production.
router table all day. Most of the new tasks are done on a keyboard. That can The size of the investment will determine much of the impact. Furniture
sound a little intimidating to somebody who doesn’t have a lot of computer builders who do a lot of one-off work will able to draw and mill complex
experience, but things have evolved nowadays to the point that there’s noth- pieces, and if they step up to a slightly larger machine than a desktop, they
ing scary about it anymore. can add an aggregate head. That allows the machine head to work at various
Let’s look first at what a CNC can do for a small shop, and then take a look angles, so it can travel in more than X, Y and Z (left-right, forward-back, up-
at what’s involved in getting one up and running. down) directions.
For cabinet shops, the answers are simple. A CNC router can cut cabinet Cabinet shops that process a lot of flat sheet stock can add auto-feeders
sides, backs, tops and bottoms while the woodworker does other things. The and unloaders, so that the machine can work its way through a whole pallet of
machine can create raised panels or stile and rail moldings for five-part doors, MDF without having to be constantly fed. And that stack doesn’t have to be
or completely mill one-piece MDF doors that will be painted. In fact, almost homogenous. It can contain a mix of plywood, MDF and other stock in vari-
anything a shop currently does on a band saw, drum sander, table saw, miter ous thicknesses. The machine can be set up to mill all the birch drawer sides
saw, drill press, router table, shaper, doweller, or mortiser can be done by a first, then switch to melamine or MDF for a different part.
CNC router – all while you’re doing something else. And it can also open up a For smaller tasks, or smaller stations in a larger shop, there are vacuum-
lot of design possibilities. For example, when a shop wants to offer a new arch- based devices that ‘assist’ with lifting: that is, they pick up a single sheet on the
top door, there’s no longer a need to build several jigs or wait until one comes end of a flexible arm and the woodworker can then walk it weightlessly from
in the mail. Just draw what you need and send it to the machine. And if the the inventory bin to the machine without having to lift anything. He/she just
customer needs another one, the CNC can mill an exact replica next year. Or it guides it along. And after the parts are milled, the same device can be used to
can make one that’s a little smaller or bigger with a couple of minutes work on lift large parts from the CNC and stack them for assembly.
the computer. Whether it’s a feed or an assist, both methods save time and let a woodwork-
There are other advantages, too. Workflow in the shop becomes a lot more er minimize back pain and lifting-related injuries.
organized because jobs are going to one machine instead of several. Dust col- One aspect of CNCs that is often overlooked, especially for a small shop,

6 CNC 2018
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is that the machine can add new kinds of work. For example, it can be pro- One reason for that is that there are libraries for virtually any cabinet or
grammed to make award plaques in between kitchen jobs, or act as a mill/ piece of casework imaginable. These are drawings that can often be used as is
lathe to make stair parts and other work in the round. There are dedicated (one 36” sink base doesn’t vary a lot from the next), or they can be tweaked to
CNC lathes that are specifically designed to produce large numbers of spindles produce a custom size. For shops that outsource some parts, the design (CAD)
and posts, but most standard flatbed CNC routers can also be used to mill and program can usually use a library developed by one of the larger component
decorate round parts. This represents a very real opportunity for woodshops to suppliers, and the CNC can build anything in-house that’s custom to match.
expand their offerings. CNC milled parts are cleaner and more accurate, more All of the widely-used design programs also create machine instructions
repeatable, plus faster and easier to produce than traditional turning between (CAM), and most now do that at the touch of a button. Just install the right
centers. Plus, the CNC can carve as well as turn, so a round column can be router bit (tool), zero it out (move it to a start position where the machine
very decorative. knows where the tip is in all three axes), and you’re off to the races. Press the
There are even small CNCs now that can be brought out to the jobsite to big green button and the head starts working its way along a toolpath (that’s
make parts, or to machine, for example, the exposed and profiled ends of the ‘map’ it follows).
structural timbers. (Next time you are band sawing a curved design on the ends How much machine you need is a conversation to have with an experi-
of 40 rafters, you’ll understand the possibilities.) enced salesperson. It’s going to depend on what you need to get done, not just
So, what’s involved? What do you have to learn, and how much time needs now but in the foreseeable future, too. And because the needs of woodshops
to be invested? change, the CNC industry has a lot of built-in flexibility that allows a shop
The good news here is that the learning curve is essentially finite – you to upgrade as needed. Several manufacturers offer programs where they will
learn almost everything you’ll need to know in a very short time. There will either buy back or else help you sell a machine when you’re ready for the next
always be some learning to do, and new possibilities to explore. But getting size up. Others will lease a machine and change the lease when you’re ready to
to the point of being able to turn out a basic kitchen is no longer intimidat- upgrade. Almost every manufacturer offers on-site training and online tutorials,
ing. The first couple of hours can be a little overwhelming, but by the end of and many have classes at its facility. And you’re never alone, not even in the
a day most woodworkers are up and running. That’s because the software wee hours of a Sunday morning. That’s because there are user groups online
has come so far and is now very intuitive. Most programs now speak English that include everyone from complete novices to highly skilled pros, and almost
instead of Engineer. There is a very short lexicon to learn. Designing and any question that you might have has probably been answered already in one of
building on a CNC nowadays is less complicated that tuning a hand plane or these forums.
running a spray booth. So, have some fun. Call a dealer and explore the future. n
 1
LOOK BEFORE YOU LEAP
Small shops need to consider several factors – including machine size,
software and training – before making that first purchase

BY JOHN ENGLISH

P
hysical size seems to be less of a consid- delivers the power of CNC technology while reduc- cabinet doors, or similar sized projects. And if
eration than budget, at least when smaller ing that challenge. You don’t actually need to know that’s borderline for your needs, a woodworker can
shops begin shopping for a CNC router. how to use CAD and CAM software: you can use peruse lots of very affordable stand-alone, entry-
But it doesn’t take long to figure out that simple phone or tablet apps to make projects. Of level machines that will process panels all the way
machines are a lot more affordable now than they course, if you want to work with the traditional up to 49” x 97”.
were even just a few years ago. That’s because this CAD to CAM workflow, ShopBot provides power- Rather than worrying about how much floor
has become a very competitive arena where sev- ful software programs for doing that, too. space or budget is available, or even the challenges
eral companies produce excellent basic router pack- The Shaper Origin (shapertools.com) is essential- of learning programming, it would be smart to
ages, and something new is introduced almost daily. ly a hand-held router with a screen on board. You begin there: exactly what do you want the machine
Budget-conscious buyers rapidly realize that low- hold the base stationary, close to where it needs to accomplish?
cost machines can pay for themselves very quickly, to be, and the cutter then moves around inside the If you just need to cut sheet stock into case
if they are given the right work to do. machine and follows a map. It’s very precise and parts, that’s one thing. But if you want to create
The world of small CNC routers has changed intuitive, and programming is relatively uncompli- decorative panels, or mill solid wood parts, that’s
with the introduction of portable jobsite units such cated. “Origin integrates seamlessly with the design another. Will you be working in two or three axes
as the HandiBot and the Shaper Origin. The first software, workflows, and file formats you already (flat boards), or will you need to do some carving
of these (handibot.com) is a “take-anywhere, run- use,” according to the company. And for wood- or edge detailing? Is either travel or rotation speed
from-any-device power tool” that has fundamen- workers who don’t already use design software, an issue? How about power? Will you need special
tally changed the way many shops work, especially there is the option to select from ShaperHub’s on- dust collection? How about work holding – will
on details such as rafter tails or timber joinery. It line library of downloadable designs and templates, you be using fasteners, clamps or vacuum?
is robust, precise, and downright fun to use. The or simply design on the fly. It’s a whole lot easier If you’re scratching your head right now, that’s
HandiBot belongs on a jobsite the way that circular than it sounds. okay. It just means that you haven’t done enough
saws and routers do: it’s just smarter than those homework yet, and you’re not quite ready to buy.
other power tools. Place it directly on a counter- SIZE MATTERS? Getting up to speed on a CNC router has al-
top, the floor, the wall, or even the ceiling, and go For shops looking at something a little larger most nothing to do with being a great wood-
to work. And for woodworkers who are worried than a portable CNC, there are numerous desktop worker, and everything to do with keyboards and
about understanding the programming aspect of models available. Most of them have work areas screens. You may be able to shave the hairs on
CNC, HandiBot’s control software called FabMo large enough to handle raised panels for five-piece your wrist with the chisels you sharpen, but if you

10 CNC 2018
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can’t run a basic drafting program then you can’t tended without earning credit) for a fee.
run one of these routers. Availability can depend on how many regular
students are enrolled, and how many ma-
SOFTWARE chines or computers are available.
There are two types of software to master before Higher education institutions are recogniz-
you even chuck a bit in the spindle. In the simplest ing the advent of Industry 4.0 and this new
of terms, CAD lets you draw parts in the computer world we live in. For example, California’s
and CAM tells the router how to make the parts Cerritos College (cms.cerritos.edu/woodwork-
that you drew. The software choice you make can ing) offers many classes in CNC woodwork-
be just as important as the hardware one, so it’s ing, and the School of Architecture at Clem-
a really good idea to become somewhat familiar son University in South Carolina (clemson.
with CAD/CAM programs before shopping for edu, search for CNC) is another leader in
a machine. You don’t have to become an expert. this area. That school recently developed the
But if you have drawn even one cabinet in a design SimPly construction method where off-the-
program, you’ll have a much better handle on what shelf plywood is cut by CNC routers into in-
salespeople are talking about. Even if you have a terlocking tab-and-slot pieces that are shipped
computer wizard on staff, it’s a good idea for the flat-packed to a construction site where they can be classes on CNC wood routing, CNC laser, Rhino
shop owner to learn the absolute basics. If your ge- assembled with almost no training. Northcentral 3D design software for furniture builders and cabi-
nius leaves, you’ll at least know enough to interview Technical College in Wausau, Wis., offers a CNC netmakers, and the especially appropriate CNC
a replacement. Router Certificate program, and the courses there Wood Router: 3-and-4-Axis.
There are lots of online courses available, and include CAD/CAM machine programming, CNC Veteran woodworking instructor George Von-
many community colleges and universities offer router technology and 2D mechanical CAD. The driska (vondriskawoodworks.com) operates a shop
classes. Among the free online options is Car- Fine Woodworking program at Red Rocks Com- and school in Hammond, Wis., which presents sev-
bide 3D’s Crash Course in CNC (carbide3d.com). munity College in Colorado (rrcc.edu) is currently eral inexpensive introductory CNC classes.
Often, individual classes or even workshops that offering a CAD course called Advanced Wood If you’re in a larger metro area, some show-
are part of full-time programs can be audited (at- Technology - Digital Design & CNC that includes rooms will let you dabble a bit on their machines

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12 CNC 2018
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 1
before you buy. And if there aren’t any cabinet comfortable with the concepts, create a
shops close by, but you know the owners of a list of the CNC machines that you might
local sign shop or even an awards or plastics be interested in buying. Try to keep it to
manufacturer, odds are they are using CNC to mill a small number of manufacturers, always
parts and might share some pointers over coffee. keeping in mind that your choices depend
Guess who’s buying. most on what you want or need to make,
One of the best options for somebody who has rather than price. Just because you’re a
never used CAD and is a bit nervous about the small shop no longer means that you
prospect is perhaps to download the Sketchup pro- have to settle. The right machine is out
gram (sketchup.com). This is a 3D modeling com- there, with the right purchasing or leas-
puter program that is very suited to drawing boxes, ing option. There are even options such
drawers, moldings and other woodshop projects. It as Thermwood’s Cut Center (cutready.
is available as a freeware version, SketchUp Make, com), which allows you to start making
and a paid version with additional functionality cabinets, closets and furniture with no
called SketchUp Pro. Many woodworkers try Make programming at all: it doesn’t even require
for a while and then upgrade. After you download a computer.
the program and get it open, stop by and visit Rob Visit the manufacturers’ websites to see
Cameron’s website called sketchupforwoodworkers. what software they’re using, and then visit
com. Rob created this site just to help woodworkers some forums or chatrooms to see what
learn how to use Sketchup. With his help, spend a users are saying about those programs.
few evenings playing with the program, just to get If you like the sound of a program that
some experience. isn’t listed as being compatible with your
Whether you settle on this or another CAD favorite machine, call the CNC manufac-
program, it won’t take you long to grasp the basics. turer and ask if it works. If it doesn’t, they
The first couple of hours can be daunting, but the will probably be able to guide you toward
learning curve levels off very quickly. When you’re something that has the same strengths. n

14 CNC 2018
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 2
PARTNERS FOR CHANGE
Manufacturers of machines and software are working together
to provide digital fabrication solutions

BY JOHN ENGLISH

I
n December 2017, three companies with must be brought in to handle expanding needs.” more, and it provides an integrated platform for
CNC connections got together and present- It’s a good point, especially as the field of CNC growth in robotic lean manufacturing.
ed a productivity workshop in California. manufacturers catering to larger shops continues
Experts from Lockdowel, Laguna Tools and to grow and smaller shops continue to trend to- SOFTWARE INNOVATIONS
Microvellum met at the Laguna Tools showroom ward outsourcing, while more and more apps reach Software is becoming as much a key to CNC
in Irvine and showed shop owners and managers across software boundaries. in larger shops as the actual machinery, and C.R.
how an integrated approach – using the best tech- Laguna Tools (lagunatools.com) recently intro- Onsrud is one industry leader that recognizes that.
nologies from each supplier – can have an immedi- duced its new Lockdowel boring/inserting ma- The company’s newest open-architecture software,
ate and meaningful impact on production. chine at AWFS 2017. The LD4 drills and inserts Osync Machine Analytics 2.0, is designed to give
The fact that manufacturers of machines and Lockdowel’s E-clip products, and when used in woodshop managers a customizable interface, pro-
software are working together to provide solutions conjunction with one of Laguna’s SmartShop viding both real-time and archived data about ma-
was also the basis of an interesting blog on Jan. CNC routers, creates a complete fastening so- chine stability and performance. The original Osync
4, 2018, on the AXYZ website (axyz.com). Titled lution for cabinets. It has four zones and two has been functional for a couple of years, so it’s
“The case for open architecture vs. proprietary drilling units – one for 5 mm, and one for 8 mm already shop-tested. In the spirit of integrating
CNC technology”, it underscored the fact that – and its two vibrating barrels have the ability to resources, Onsrud used the new version during
shops are now using CAD/CAM programming insert 30 mm or 40 mm spring pins and E-clips, AWFS to monitor not only its own machinery, but
that comes from a variety of sources. H-clips or channel locks. also that of its strategic partner, the IMA Schelling
“In a CNC system,” the blog reads, “open ar- CNC Factory (cncfactory.com) has also intro- Group. A third partner, Eurosoft, integrates Osync
chitecture provides for future modifications and duced a Lockdowel automatic inserter machine, into workflow software so that end-users get better
upgrades to meet the needs of end users as their and its model has four stations. The company predictive capabilities.
businesses and customer bases evolve. Proprietary has worked with Lockdowel to build the Scor- Komo Machine (komo.com) offers its Machine
technology, on the other hand, is often limited to pion LDR , which has automatic material load- Manager 4.0 software. The package is a power-
one specific programming language. As a result, the ing, laser guided robotic measuring, advanced ful app that allows the customer to keep track of
option of switching to newer and possibly more wireless barcode reading - and a single employ- machine productivity and tool life by sending real-
productive programming systems may not be avail- ee can run it. The Scorpion works with soft- time, configurable updates to plant management.
able, which makes the CNC system more costly ware programs such as Cabinet Vision, Mozaik, Komo recently introduced its new Xtreme 5-Axis
in the long run, especially if additional equipment Top Solid, Solid Works, Microvellum, Imos and CNC, which was developed specifically for wood-

16 CNC 2018
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shops that require machining flexibility and more Z
travel. The company also has a new Autoloader 2.0
with an offload conveyor for panel processing and
nesting applications.
Carbide 3D has uploaded a new version of its
Carbide Create package with a feature that the
company has been planning for a while: Texture
Toolpaths. This can create textures on parts – any-
thing from simple hatching to a hand carved look
– which is milled by moving the cutter in a sweep-
ing motion into the stock, and then back out. Like
V-carving, this motion gives the finished parts a 3D
look without the time required for 3D machining.
Thermwood (thermwood.com) makes the Cut
Center, which can operate in the traditional CNC
manner but can also cut parts with no custom
programming, no computer and no software. Just
select a project from the library, plug in the size and
start feeding material to the machine.
The new Nextec software from Holz-Her (hol-
zherusa.com) allows a woodworker to do similar Andersen America’s Selexx Plus.
things. Once a raw panel is in position, the CNC
does the rest – perfect formatting, drilling of verti-
cal holes and grooves, and even milling Lamello P-
System cutouts on the edges and in X and Y direc-
tions on the surface. There’s no re-clamping, and
no loss of time or quality.

NEW MACHINES
Along with software, robotics are also making
some big waves in the world of larger CNC routers.
For example, the new Python XPR from CNC
Factory works in either manual or robotic mode
and has robotic loading and unloading. Equipped
with a HSD 12-hp air-cooled spindle and a ro-
tary ATC 12-tool carousal, the Python offers rapid
travel of over 1,800 inches per minute (IPM). It will
complete long, complex, multi-tool tasks from one
sheet to 50 sheets, and do so automatically at the
push of a button.
That kind of speed is becoming a reality in more
and more machines. For example, MultiCam’s top
of the line machine has a cutting speed up to 2,200 CNC Factory’s Scorpion LDR.
IPM, and a rapid traverse rate of 3,000 IPM. The
company (multicam.com) also has a 7000 Series The new Profit H08 21.31 CNC machine center Among its newest innovations is a gantry rotary
router that can be customized with up to 20 horse- from Felder USA (felder-group.com) is designed table milling machine with an inclined bed.
power, and a range of work areas from 5’ x 5’ on for nesting and automated efficiency. It has 15 tool Thermwood recently introduced its new Multi-
the small end to 10’ x 50’. positions, a drilling head with eight spindles, and Purpose 90 that takes technology a little farther: the
Upgradable options are part and parcel of buying zoned vacuum controls. machine is 3D laser-calibrated to assure the most
larger CNC machinery, and they turn buying a ma- Masterwood CNC (masterwood.com) has intro- accurate absolute positioning and repeatability. This
chine into a very custom experience. For example, duced new glue injection and dowel insertion capa- is a heavy-duty, five-axis CNC designed for high-
NewCNC (newcnc.com) offers fully automated bilities for its model TF100; new nesting capabili- speed trimming and pattern machining. It’s avail-
lines with label printing, plus machines that unload ties for five of its MW machines; a new Project 351 able in single or dual moving aluminum tables and
the table. The company’s 5-axis machine is de- CNC that has large tool magazines and a pod & rail is capable of full 5-axis simultaneous motions with
signed to machine five faces of a workpiece as well worktable; and, of course, new software: the latest extremely fast accelerations.
as perform normal 3D machining. It’s available in version of Master 3D is now included in the price
single and twin table configurations, and includes of every Masterwood machine. FAMILIAR NAMES
a modular fixturing system that incorporates both SCM Group has acquired a controlling share Legend has it that CNC routers were invented
mechanical and vacuum clamping. of Grimme, a manufacturer of 5-axis machines. in Japan back in 1968 by Isao Shoda, and the com-

18 CNC 2018
Klever G FT
 2

NewCNC’s 5-axis machine. Nextech Machinery’s R400. Techno CNC’s HD II.

pany that he founded (shoda.com) continues to are fully synchronized. a phenolic vacuum table mounted to a cast iron
innovate half a century later. Shoda’s latest Planet Nextech Machinery (nextechmachinery.com) in- steel plate, and Syntec controls. The positioning
Blue model is completely shrouded for a dust-free troduced its new R400 moving gantry CNC router bearings, ball screws and racks are all serviced by
workstation. In addition, the entire drive system about a year ago. The machine has auto loading and an automatic lubrication system that is activated
is also protected from fines. It has a new spindle unloading, remote diagnostics that ensure maxi- directly by the machine control.
change system that makes quick work of the task, mum uptime, and available label printing. The Anderson America (andersonamerica.com) has
and it uses shop space very efficiently thanks to a R400 is the latest in an extensive portfolio of the been building CNC machinery for 24 years and
compact physical footprint. Three models are avail- company’s machines that includes flat-table CNC has placed more than 19,000 machines world-
able for different work scales. routers either with or without automation, flexible wide. One of the latest is the Selexx Plus 512
Hendrick Mfg. (hendrickmanufacturing.com ) pod & rail centers, space-saving vertical drilling and TC+D, which is a moving gantry machine
offers two 5-axis CNC options. The HSR-V comes routing machines, and 5-axis machines with mov- equipped with a 12-hp spindle, eight-position
as a twin moving table model, or a single stationary ing table or gantries. tool changer and numerous features.
table with moving gantry. And the HHD-V offers SNX Technologies (snxtechnologies.com) sup- Diversified Machine Systems (dmscncrouters.
real-time tool center point rotation, and all 5 axes plies the nVentor line of CNC routers, which have com) builds a variety of 5-and 3-axis machines,

BOOTH #6429

Freeborn Tool Company

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1 800 523 8988

20 CNC 2018
NEWCNC.com · 616-994-8844

YouiD 11 (o·] /NewCNCrouter

 2
CNC ENHANCEMENTS
Speaking of upgrading, Vision Engraving &
Routing Systems has announced that its CN C rout-
ers with a vacuum table option will now come with
a Black Box vacuum system. The Storm system will
be packaged with Vision's 2550, and the larger Hur-
ricane will serve the VR48.
The new G2 Combo from ETP Transmission AB
gives a woodshop the benefits of using a hydraulic
chuck for router bits and a hydraulic arbor for profile
tools - at the same time. One can also use reduction
sleeves in the 16 mm chuck and run several smaller,
Komo's Extreme 5-axis CNC. frequently used shaft sizes.
An upgrade from Tormach takes the form of a
new power drawbar that is designed to reduce tool
and specializes in custom solutions. Routers larger sizes are available upon request. change time. Simply press a button to swap out cut-
are available with a single or twin moving table, The Cobra Elite from Camaster (camaster. ting tools.
moving gantry and overhead gantry configura- com) is on the cusp between medium and large An upgrade for smaller machines from Next Wave
tions. shop machines. It can handle production runs Automation promises to open up new possibilities
Techno CNC Systems (technocnc.com) intro- (up to a 16-hp spindle is available), but it can for larger CNC machines. Called Virtual Vision 3D
duced the new HD II large format CN C router also be bought on a limited budget and then up- software, it's a 3D laser scanner that can be attached
about a year ago. It includes a 12-hp HSD au- graded over time. The CR-510 model has a cut- to any of the company's CNCs, and will be available
tomatic tool changer, eight-position tool rack ting size of an inch over 5'x10', and some of the this spring. It allows the user to quickly map any ob-
and a pneumatically actuated vacuum hood that options available are automatic tool changing, ject that is placed on the CNC table in 3D to create
concentrates airflow on the spindle tool. I es multiple spindles, drill banks, aggregate heads, a model. U sets can then accurately engrave, carve or
available in 4'x4', 4'x8', and 5'x1 O' sizes, but knives and an extended gantry. 3D print a duplicate using that 3D model. •

LIMTECH

22 CNC 2018
With the introduction of an extended product program, GUHDO is now GDP | GUHDO, a brand designed to reflect our focus on
providing high quality industrial cutting solutions at competitive prices. Our comprehensive program encompasses tooling and
accessories for wood, plastics and composites and we also offer a full service center on-site with quick turnaround on custom
inserts, carbide and PCD (diamond) tooling.

At GDP | GUHDO, we are dedicated to solving tooling problems and improving your bottom line.
This is why we have created an all-encompassing CNC Tooling Guide to further fit your needs
The CNC Tooling Guide link can be found on our website on the top banner.
We also have a pdf of the presentation available in our download section
 3
OPTIMIZE
With CAD and optimizing software, the job gets easier

BY R.W. LEE

M
aking a decent profit on a job is a sink. This adds up to 50 sides and 50 supports. were set, such as the kerf width, dimensions, and
skill based on years of experience Using SketchUp, I found that the supports grain direction preference.
and includes figuring how to get the could be cut from five 4’ x 8’ sheets, while the Two settings, in particular, had a significant ef-
most out of sheet goods and dimen- sides required about 2-1/2 sheets. This took fect. The first was whether crosscuts or ripping
sional lumber. Sharpening the pencil, while still about 20 minutes on the computer. The time would be done first, or if a combination would
relevant to smaller jobs, has given way to the clev- was also well spent with the employee, who best. The second was deciding whether the pro-
er use of CAD programs and cut list optimizers. gained a sense of the overall job and a system- gram would determine a solution based on waste
These two methods, which will take a bit of time to atic approach to cutting the pieces while mini- considerations.
learn, are just the digitization of how any successful mizing waste. Based on combinations of these settings, Cut List
cabinet shop owner thinks and acts. And these can Cut layout is faster with a sheet optimizer 4.05 generated about 1 million options. But when I
have benefits not only in the production of a job, program, which automatically arranges parts ac- selected crosscuts first and the best use of materials
but also training the next generation of employees. cording to a shop’s preferences. For example, option, one option was generated.
A computer-aided design or CAD program, layout can be optimized for rip or cross cuts, to No doubt, there’s a learning curve involved. So
without a cut list optimizer, will only do half the manage inventory, or estimating purposes. when making the decision to integrate an optimiz-
job. Let’s say that you need to design a bathroom Optimizing programs run the gamut from pro- ing program into your shop’s production planning,
vanity. Granted, you can easily make a rough draw- ducing simple cutting diagrams to managing inven- the idea that every feature be used immediately
ing with dimensions in seconds, visualize the parts tory and pricing jobs from design to installation. should be avoided. You’ll need to input all of your
layout, pull a sheet plywood and start cutting. But Programs include: commonly used materials and preferences, and this
suppose the job calls for 25 identical vanities and CutList 4.05, an open source program (delphi- is best done incrementally.
you’ve got a new employee with little or no experi- forfun.org) There are some other less obvious benefits to
ence making multiples of a single style cabinet. CutList Plus fx, a commercial program (cutlist- using an optimizer. Since the next generation of
The CAD approach becomes helpful in two plus.com) employees tends to be more computer savvy, they
ways. First, it allows you to move parts for all FitParts, an extension for SketchUp (extensions. will take to the programs with more ease. And the
25 vanities around on several sheets for the best sketchup.com) more comprehensive programs generate detailed
results. Then you can discuss the job in its digital There are commercial cabinet drawing software reports for more efficient job management.
formulation stage with your employee, which might packages, standalone and SketchUp extensions, These programs are just as much of a tool as a
just save time and ruined materials during the actual that have cut list optimizers with various levels of pneumatic dovetailer or automated edgebanders,
cutting of the parts. features. which shop owners have successfully and profitably
The vanity in this example requires two sides, In CutList 4.05, I loaded the 50 fronts and backs, integrated into their production process. Software
identical front and back supports, countertop and and 50 sides, and material choice. Other parameters is just the next step in a shop’s modernization. n

24 CNC 2018
Cabinet Makers Produce
Profit Using ShopBot CNC
Cabinet and closet makers have been using ShopBot tools in their businesses for years—and continue to do so.
They depend on their tools for day-in, day-out production, and appreciate that our CNC tools can be adapted to
accommodate today’s work demands.
At ShopBot, we don’t just import and resell something we don’t understand. We design, develop, build, and
support our tools, all from our Durham, NC facility. Our customers know that we know CNC—and that we
know cabinet making—inside and out.

When looking for a tool that could handle the full work load of a furniture and cabinet shop, Keith Larrett of Syzygy
Woodworks was looking for a well-built tool that could not only withstand daily use, but also make the most out of the
cabinet making software he used. After asking around about the tools on the market, he decided on the ShopBot PRSalpha
5’ x 8’ with Automatic Tool Changer. Immediately, he realized its importance to his business. Not only was it compatible
with cabinet software, but it could handle sheet goods of every type, from MDF and plywood to plastic and acrylic.

“When I first bought my PRSalpha, I thought it would do everything for me,” says Larrett. “But what I’ve learned since is that
it’s even more important than that: it doesn’t do the work for me, it allows me to do work that wasn’t possible before, and do
it with more speed and precision.”

To read more about Syzygy Woodworks, other cabinet and furniture makers using ShopBot CNC, and for other ShopBot
user stories, visit www.shopbotblog.com

Come hear ShopBot’s founder, Ted Hall, speak as a part of the IWF CNC Symposium in Atlanta, Tuesday, August 21.

For our full selection of tools, visit our website:

www.ShopBotTools.com
Then give us a call at 888-680-4466.
We’ll find the tool that works best for your needs. 888-680-4466 • ShopBotTools.com
 4
TURN AND BURN
Digital fabrication of columns, stair balusters, chair spindles and more
is available from a long list of CNC manufacturers

BY JOHN ENGLISH

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURERS

S
ecuring sheet stock on a CNC bed is a gantry are welded, not bolted together, to with-
large part of the machining process. Laguna Tools (lagunatools.com) offers a small stand years of continuous motion and stress. The
Clamps, jigs and vacuums hold the material family of CNC lathes under the group name Turn- rack-and-pinion drive system provides high-speed
steady while the spindle moves. But when er, and they’re capable of creating anything from positioning, and the industrial-grade motors and
it comes to turning parts on a CNC, everything 6’ decorative wooden columns to baseball bats. digital drives provide superior torque. Either a 5-hp
changes. That’s because the work is no longer sta- One of the more user-friendly aspects of the line MTC spindle or a 13-hp ATC spindle can be used
tionary: the wood moves too. is a hand-held controller that is simple to use. on this machine. ER32 collets allow you to use ½”
There are machines that are built specifically as Plus, the machines are also compatible with most shank router bits for tool-based machining, as well
CNC lathes, and there’s also a rotary indexing ac- software formats, so implementing designs isn’t a as precision carving. The Artisan II is available in
cessory for most of the major manufacturer’s CNC huge challenge. The lathes come with liquid-cooled several sizes, with a working envelope ranging from
routers. The indexer looks like a wood lathe, and it spindles because eliminating heat build-up is criti- 30” x 48” to 30” x 96”, and a swing diameter of
holds work between centers and rotates it or else cal in long production runs. Among the offerings either 11” or 15”. The 4-axis turning system com-
holds it in a fixed, indexed position while the spin- are machines that can turn out parts that are 46”, bined with Legacy’s CCAM4 software allows you
dle and tooling do their job. It’s usually an option- 60” or 72” long. In addition, there is one unit that to program turned parts that feature beads, coves,
al accessory or an aftermarket purchase: call your is essentially designed to make baseball bats in five flutes, reeds, joinery, rope twist, barley twist, hollow
CNC supplier to see which unit fits your existing minutes, and another, the 4-axis CNC 2’x4’ Turner, spirals and much more.
machine(s). Some 3-axis routers can handle turning that is available in a “two-up” version with two Camaster (camaster.com) is located in Carters-
tasks, where the servo drive is operating continuous- spindles and two rotary axis, for even higher turn- ville, Ga., and one of the company’s CNC routers
ly like a wood lathe’s live drive. But speed can be an ing productivity. can be paired with powerful yet relatively easy to
issue, as can heat build-up. A rotary indexing acces- ShopBot’s Rotary Indexer (shopbottools.com) use software to closely mimic the artisan’s skills
sory will allow the part to be presented one face at a will turn one of the company’s small- to mid-sized seen in moldings, arches, carvings, corbels, as well
time and completely milled, then rotated several de- routers into a CNC controlled lathe. The Indexer as in columns. Camaster routers are offered with an
grees to a new face where the operation is repeated. lets a woodshop cut full three-dimensional objects indexing lathe, which makes 3D carvings on cylin-
This will result in a ‘turned’ piece that has never actu- on a ShopBot. Like a lathe, it provides a fourth drical parts a snap.
ally turned more than one revolution. It is more of a rotary axis for turning a part, but it also provides Techno CNC Systems (technocnc.com) offers a
rotary mill than a lathe, but the results are the same. precise ‘indexed’ control over rotation. That means fourth axis upgrade that allows the operator to route
Parts can be designed in many CAD programs a woodworker can create standard lathe work such an intricate 3D carving on a cylindrical surface, or
and saved in a library, as most of the turning that as spindles, newel posts and table legs, but also mill index a part by rotating it a set number of degrees. It’s
is done on CNC lathes is actually duplication. Parts 3D sculptures. The rotary indexer comes in three designed more for working on cylinders than creating
such as posts and columns, stair balusters, newels different sizes (3”, 6” and 12”, depending on the them. It comes complete with a three-jaw chuck and
or furniture spindles are made many times over, machine you own) and can be purchased with new tailstock, plus a linear guide track for easy tail stock
and each one is an exact replica of the original pat- tools, or retrofitted to older ones. movement and center alignment.
tern. Some artists also use CNC turning as a way to Legacy Woodworking Machinery (lwmcnc.com) ShopSabre (shopsabre.com) offers a rotary in-
produce a more refined and accurate prototype or in Springville, Utah, started out with machines that dexing head that essentially turns a 3-axis machine
original part than they would be able to achieve on used routers to create work in the round such as into a 4-axis one. The device, called On-Table 4th
a manual lathe using handheld tools. But the great- fluted and spiral balusters. Today, the company of- Axis, makes it possible to create chair legs, railing
est commercial value is in the machine’s ability to fers a number of machines designed for both panel posts, gunstocks, and more. As with most index-
repeat, and that has earned a home for it in shops and turning work. The Artisan II, for example, is ers, it will also turn the work slowly so that the
that produce everything from pool cues to mallets, a 5-axis hybrid CNC, and its framework is built tool can create ropes and other threadlike designs
flagpoles and truncheons. of 11-gauge folded steel panels. The frame and on balusters and posts.

26 CNC 2018
IWF MUST SEE PRODUCTS MARKETING INFORMATION

Driverless CNC Has Arrived

Booth 2722 $XJXVW
The new Python XPR combines state-of-the-art Obliterating Labor Costs production sequence that this machine handles
automation with common sense pricing. But perhaps even more impressive than the would have needed four or ¿ve highly trained and
speed and streamlining of the production process expensive employees to do the same amount of
Designed and built by CNC Factory based in is the profound effect that the Python XPR work. They would also need a lot more time to
Santa Ana, California, (cncfactory.com), the can have on a shop’s bottom line. Think about get it done.
machine is a symphony in robotics. It brings how many people and shop hours currently
every part of production into the process – there’s go into loading, cleaning between sheets, The Thinking CNC Machine
no need for human hands to touch a single part labeling, marking, unloading, edge banding and Now, that same shop only needs a single CNC
through the entire work cell. stacking. These are not basic wage employees; supervisor, with no heavy lifting required. Plus,
they are highly trained, hard to ¿nd and keep there is no need to think through the details
A Robotic Arm for Heavy Lifting employees with the knowledge, experience of each and every step, which opens up the
Among the many driverless tasks that the and understanding needed to make a relatively possibility for human error. The Python XPR
Python XPR delivers you will ¿nd: complete complex process happen. Now, think about does all the thinking, cutting, marking, labeling,
robotic loading and unloading, fast automatic being able to go driverless, and do all of that unloading and edge-band processing. Even if
tool changes robotic material alignment, and fully work with a single CNC supervisor. And don’t it only replaces four full time employees at $20
automated spoil-board cleaning. It can handle up just consider the payroll, taxes and bookkeeping an hour, the Python XPR can save more than
to 50 sheets per cycle, producing entire jobs and advantages. Many of the cost savings are a little $160,000 each and every year, and that doesn’t
doing all the heavy lifting while freeing a shop’s less obvious, such as: the need for constant include all the administrative and regulatory
personnel to apply their talents elsewhere. And training, the headaches of employee turnover, costs, employer contributions, insurance and
as parts are processed, a robotic unloading arm scheduling jobs around vacations, paying other less succinct expenditures. For example,
moves material from milling to the edgebander overtime just to keep up with deliveries, and the Python XPR doesn’t need a breakroom (or
for processing at that station. dealing with sick day delays. Then there’s the breaks), or time and a half after forty hours.
insurance, unemployment and workers’ comp,
Automatic Label Printing & Marking and somebody has to manage all of this, too, and Automation Made Possible
The Python XPR can also print and apply labels get paid to do so. Starting at just $119,000 – and that includes the
for every part in the nest. Its robotic marking robotic loading of material to the edgebander
block labels parts where they need to be A Process of Perfection – this machine pays for itself in a matter of
edge-banded, processed for Lockdowel joinery, Plus, the mistakes go away. With the Python months.
or if it needs assembly instructions for Àat XPR, nobody feeds a part sideways or sticks
pack assembly. Then, the completed material the wrong label on as part. Nobody lifts with their Visit CNC Factory online to view a video on the
is automatically stacked for post-production, back instead of their legs – because the machine Python XPR, and learn how your shop can go
or Àat pack distribution. Again, without a does all the lifting, sorting, stacking and moving. driverless right now.
human hand (or back!) lifting a single part. Up until now, a shop trying to set up the kind of
The future is here.

CNC FACTORY Inc.

Phone: 714-581-5999
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.cncfactory.com
 4

CNC Auto-Motion, based in Warren, Pa., (cnc- er allows the operator to set up several profiles and remote PC/laptop with transfer via USB key. The
motion.com) offers the Motioncat TC650E. This change tooling quickly. The lathe isn’t restricted to CKX is suitable for one-off specials, short batch
is a 2-axis CNC controlled wood turning lathe wood: other foam and plastic columns might also be runs and long production runs. Intorex also has
that was specifically designed for turning spindles, good candidates (check with the manufacturer). three other models.
posts, columns and baseball bats. Profiles are de- The Chinese company Style CNC (stylecnc.com)
signed in CAD/CAM software that is provided IMPORTED MACHINES has been around since 2003, and offers seven va-
with the machine, and they’re stored on the control Intorex Woodworking Machinery (intorex.com) rieties of CNC wood lathes. They run the gamut
panel for easy recall. This eliminates the need for is a Spanish manufacturer of CNC lathes with of- from benchtop units to dedicated machines that
changing templates between jobs, which can be fices in the U.S. and Canada. The company’s CKX turn out two baseball bats at a time. The Ger-
time consuming and expensive. The lathe runs on 600/1300/1600 can handle stock 23-1/2”, 51” or man company CNC Step (cnc-step.de/en) offers
single-phase power, so it can operate in small hob- 63” long. It is equipped with two independently a “Shapilling Kit” which turns its High-Z CNC
byist workshops or even a garage. Standard features controlled cutting gouges, one for roughing and router platform into a CNC turning lathe. It’s a
include a flip-up safety guard and a dust extraction the other for finishing. Plus, it has an additional quick and easy conversion. And the Italian com-
hood, as well as a center punch mounted on the hydraulically controlled gouge for rounding. An pany Fapil (fapil.org) builds a number of tools for
machine. There are a number of videos on the web- automatic hopper feed loading system is standard woodturning on a CNC lathe. These include profile
site showing it in action. on this lathe, and it also has programmable and tools, tenon cutters, gouges, cutters for wooden
For larger shops and projects, CNC Auto-Motion variable spindle speeds, along with two rear over- rings, parting tools, collets for lathes, screw-plate
recently introduced a family of heavy-duty 3-axis head hydraulic back knife units for operations such tools, and other accessories.
computer-controlled turning lathes. The Column- as doweling. The machine can be equipped with Before investing in a dedicated CNC lathe or
master CNC Lathe is capable of accurately turning an optional B-axis with a milling head (for twisting a rotary indexer for your existing machine, check
a wide variety of finished products such as columns, and/or fluting), or a sanding head with a narrow with your CAD/CAM software supplier. Un-
both large and small, rope twists, and newel posts. belt (for sanding turned and/or straight profiles). less you’re looking at large volumes, the machine
These lathes are capable of automatically turning Programming is done with pre-installed, Windows- you already own can probably make most of the
columns up to 24” in diameter, with a maximum based, proprietary Intoredit software, and it can ‘turned’ parts that you need, using existing tooling
length of 16’. An automatic, six-position tool chang- either take place on the machine controller or on a and hold-downs. It just needs to be told how. n
 Quality + Service
Pay Less
4‘x8’ Auto Linear ATC
CNC Router $26,990.00

4’ x 4’ CNC Router
$9,590.00 36”x24” Engraving
Cutting Laser $4,390.00

Auto Program Cut-off Saw

18” x 8’ Long $19,990.00
24” x 8’ Long $23,990.00
$23 990 00

4’x8’ Auto Load-Unload CNC Machine Center

(With Drill Bank) $59,990.00

:LWKHQWKXVLDVPDQGSDVVLRQIRUZRRGZRUNLQJ&DVWDO\
0DFKLQHU\RIIHUVPDFKLQHVWKDWDOORZZRRGZRUNHUVWRFUHDWH
PRUHZKLOHSD\LQJOHVV2XUIHDWXUHGWRROVDUHHQJLQHHUHGWREH
PXOWLIXQFWLRQDOZKLOHSURYLGLQJWKHEHVWTXDOLW\DQGDGDSWDELOLW\
12” Two Side Planer $14,990.00
18” Two Side Planer $19,990.00 &DOOXVIRUGHWDLOV
24” Two Side Planer $24,990.00

12” Top Rip Saw $7,990.00

Raised Panel Door Shaper 16” Bottom Rip Saw $11,990.00 6” x 6 Spindle $21,990.00
40” Manual $13,930.00 14” Multiple Rip Saw $22,990.00 9” x 6 Spindle $32,990.00
55” Automatic $22,990.00

CASTALY MACHINERY
637 Vineland Ave. La Puente, CA 91746 www.lobomachine.com
Email: [email protected] | Tel: 626-968-6330 | Fax: 626-968-6333
 5
TOOLING AROUND
New aggregate heads, chucks, spindles and router bits can increase
your digital fabrication capabilities

BY JOHN ENGLISH

I
f you didn’t catch it at AWFS 2017, Benz panels, according to the company. Suitable for bide Spektra compression spiral bit recently, which
Inc., (benztooling.com) introduced a couple nesting operations and feed speeds in the range of has a nanocomposite coating (nACo, a micro-thin
of adjustable angle head systems at the show. 500 ipm, the solid tip design ensures a consistently ceramic that prevents high heat and oxidation). It
The Flex 5 and Flex 5 Plus were previously smooth edge. The company says that ordering this comes with a 3/8” diameter cutter that’s 7/8” long,
available only in Europe, and are now being sold in tool on an HSK heat shrink tool holder can in- on a 3/8” shank, and it is designed for a significant-
North America. What makes them unique is their crease its life by up to 30 percent. Sizes are available ly longer lifetime in abrasive material such as MDF
ability to change output angles in seconds, using the from 8mm to 1/2”. and laminate. Built for CNC applications that re-
movement of the C axis. An onboard braking sys- The company has also introduced a cost-effective quire high feed rates and a clean finish, it is particu-
tem locks the output angle in the desired position solution for prototypes and small runs – it’s a new larly well-suited to handle double-sided melamine.
and, once locked, the C axis can be used to rotate corrugated head adapter for CNC (called the Series Freud (freudtools.com ) has introduced a new
the aggregate head within the horizontal plane. 4524) that comes in 40, 60 and 80mm widths and series of CNC router bits that are optimized for
These are heavy-duty, automatic, adjustable angle is supplied on an HSK-F63 heat shrink tool holder smaller CNC machines. The only manufacturer
heads with oil bath lubrication. for use with 5/16” corrugated knives. The carrier that produces its own carbide, Freud specifically
With a maximum input speed of 15,000 rpm and body is steel because the corrugations machined designed these new bits with unique cutting ge-
a 1 to 1 gear ratio, both heads are ideally suited for into an aluminum head would eventually wear out, ometries and its Perma-Shield non-stick coating.
sawing, drilling and routing. They provide a sawing and knives could become dislodged. They’re ideal for creating detailed inlays, decorative
swivel range from 0 to 90 degrees and a routing Amana Tool (amanatool.com) has introduced a projects, or sign making in hardwoods, softwoods,
swivel range from 0 to 100 degrees. These heads couple of new affordable, high performance, heavy- aluminum and plastics.
cannot be retrofitted, so woodshops interested in duty spoil-board inserts. They are the 3-11/32” And CMT Orange Tools (cmtutensili.com) has
outfitting a CNC router with either one should diameter RC-2259 and the 2” diameter RC-2255, introduced a device that throws dust up from a
contact an OEM machine builder to ask for addi- which can also be used to chamfer edges and sur- CNC cutter into an extractor hose. Known as a
tional details and pricing. face timber slabs. The 2259 has four-sided solid KDE, it can be easily installed and removed as a
GDP/GUHDO (guhdo.com) has introduced a carbide insert knives (rotatable), and it can plunge clamping nut. The health and safety benefits are
new generation industrial diamond (PCD) router to 1/4” and then start resurfacing. It is also capable obvious, and it also improves tool performance
bit. The two-flute opposite shear design on a solid of removing very thin layers of material (less than and cut quality by removing excess waste that the
carbide tool body runs quiet and it also provides an 0.001” per pass). tool doesn’t have to re-cut numerous times. It is
excellent finish (top and bottom) on double sided Amana also introduced the 46167 CNC solid car- recommended for nesting and routing operations,

30 CNC 2018
 5
and simply replaces the standard clamping nut. It extensive range of main and
works on many standard collet chucks and router scoring saw arbors.
bits and is available for some specialty collets. A Last fall, the German
thick ceramic coat gives KDE an anti-corrosion, manufacturer Leuco (leuco.
anti-friction and ant-static surface. The tool body com) announced that it had
is a light alloy, and the device delivers good results been awarded a European
even at low revolutions: it works from 6,000 to patent for its Airstream sys-
20,000 rpm in chipboard, coated chipboard, MDF, tem. Tools equipped with
solid surfaces, OSB and HPL. this new technology have a
characteristic bore in the body
CHUCKS AND SPINDLES that is patented by both Leuco
The Swedish company ETP Transmission AB and Holz-Her (they are exclu-
(etp.se) has been in business for more than 35 years sively available for Holz-Her
and has recently introduced the G2 Combo 16/30 machines). Jointing and edge
HSK 63F. The G2 lets a woodshop enjoy all the trimming cutters that have
benefits of using a hydraulic chuck for router bits Airstream produce less noise.
and a hydraulic arbor for profile tools, at the same With standard tools, a high-
time. One can also use reduction sleeves in the pressure area is created on the
16mm chuck, and run several smaller, frequently face. This in turn creates a low-pressure area behind Getting an accurate measurement of router bits
used shaft sizes. the cutting edge. Both air pressure areas try to level with three cutting edges is difficult to do with stan-
Precision Drive Systems (spindlerepair.com) sup- out, and the resulting pressure fluctuations create dard calipers. The new 3-point digital calipers from
plies and repairs spindle motors nationwide from noise. With the new tools, an intelligent bore at a pre- Rangate (rangate.com) allows CNC operators to
its headquarters in North Carolina. Now the com- cisely defined place on the body prevents the creation get the precise dimensions of any Z=3 bit within
pany has a new West Coast location in Arlington, of air pressure areas. Plus, improved chip direction moments, once properly calibrated.
Wash., and it has also added an online store. By prevents double hogging of the chips, which means Vexor (vexorcwt.com) has a relatively new line
the way, PDS has also begun offering repairs on an longer tool edge lives. of tooling for both shapers and CNC. Called the
 5
to make pens in volume. The company says that equipment and accessories for CNC router, and
turners can automate many aspects of traditional a wide catalog of cutters and tooling. H3D Tool
pen-turning to intricately carve any shape, pattern Corp (h3dtool.com) is a single source supplier for
or detail with repeatability for production runs. diamond, carbide and insert tooling, including cus-
Turning pens on a ShopBot also allows creative tom tools. And for small shops, Eagle America
expression in terms of shape, graphics, labeling (eagleamerica.com) has created two sets of its most
and customization. The tool can be operated from popular CNC router bits, one with 1/4" shanks
virtually any device, including a smart phone. (model 106-1010) and the other with 1/2" (model
106-1015).
OTHER RESOURCES Bosch (boschtools.com) lists 18 CNC bits on its
Freeborn Tool Co. (jreeborntool.com) was one website, including down spiral, up spiral and com-
of the first cutter manufacturers to offer both car- pression bits. ComSurge (comsurge.com) carries a
Multi-Pro series, the tools are designed with maxi- bide and alloy tipping to its cutters. The company wide selection of industrial quality router bits and
mum flexibility in mind, and for use on a variety of uses 5-axis machining and CNC milling to build also builds custom tooling. And Riverside Tool
machines. \Vhat's unusual is that the shaper inserts tools, and state-of-the-art Walter grinders on all (riversidetool.com) notes that its polycrystalline dia-
and backers are interchangeable within several of profiles to ensure exact repeatability cutter after mond "performs exceptionally well in CNC wood-
the company's tooling lines, such as Micro-Pro, cutter. working machines." The company also says that its
Mikron Pro and Multi-Pro-CNC router bits. The Charles G.G. Schmidt & Co. (cggschmidt.com) tooling with the micron sized manufactured dia-
insert tool is available in a variety of widths (35rnrn, has been helping woodshops mill material for more monds (called PCD) wear evenly, and their edges
40rnrn, 50rnrn and 60rnrn), and in right- and left- than 90 years, and the company has recently added lasts many times longer than carbide.
hand rotations. It is also available with 3/4", and an online store to its website. C.R. Onsrud (cron- Woodline USA (woodline.com) offers a number
1" diameter shanks. \Vhile you're on the site, have a srud.com) also has an online store for CNC tooling of CNC starter kits and general-purpose router
look at the Multi-Panel-CNC tool. where you will find everything from cutters to col- bit sets at affordable prices. And for woodshops
For woodshops that make ad specialty items and lets and chuck nuts. looking to expand their capabilities, Nap Gladu
gifts, ShopBot (shopbottools.com) is showcasing Techniks USA (techniksusa.com) supplies a huge publishes a very large and downloadable catalog for
its Handibot portable CNC tool as the new way catalog of aggregate heads, retention knobs, setup cabinet shops at napgladu.com. •

~~USA
www.NextWaveAutomation.com
 6

SMALL-FORMAT CNCS
ARE A GREAT OPTION BY R.W. LEE

C
NC router manufacturers recognize that able, especially for V-Carve Pro, at manufacturing An air- or water-cooled VFD spindle is clearly the
smaller shops can’t justify the cost or sites and online. better choice.
space requirements of large-format ma- Small-format CNCs are available in several con- If you’ll be drilling lots of holes, consider an air
chine so they’ve created a relatively new figurations and with numerous accessories, some drill. Again, a VFD spindle isn’t designed for exten-
category of small-format machines built for pro- I’ll recommend. sive drilling.
duction work. First and foremost is a variable frequency drive The second must have is a Z-zero tool. It is stan-
Just so we’re clear, I’m not talking about the (VFD) spindle. This is an expensive option but dard on most small-format CNCs because setting
desktop CNCs marketed to hobbyists. I’m talking worth it to at least save your hearing. A VFD is the Z-zero height after changing tools is a frustrat-
about machines with welded steel frames, heavy- much quieter than a production router, especially if ing and time consuming task for the operator. If it’s
duty spindles and gantries, and high quality lineal it is running hours at a time. In the long run, you’ll not standard equipment, get it.
guide system components. save money on hearing aids. CNCs make more dust than any other wood-
Small-format machines are offered with two Production routers aren’t designed to plunge working machine, especially cutting MDF, so get a
primary drive systems – ball screws or rack-and- vertically with excessive repetition. The shaft bear- dust shoe.
pinion. There’s debate about which system is best, ing will wear out quickly, which will affect accuracy The fourth is a set of router bits from the CNC
but they both have a long track record of getting and repeatability, and the bushings won’t last long. manufacturer. Use this set exclusively with your
the job done. new CNC and you will get accurately ma-
The electronics components are the chined parts over and over. When they
most expensive part of any CNC machine. wear out, buy another set from the manu-
These include stepper or servo motors, facturer. In my experience, this is the best
controllers, controller software and a com- way to go.
puting device to interpret the G-code that Two accessories are worth considering.
commands the X, Y and Z axis. Manu- A probe tool is valuable to replicate parts,
facturers building quality machines won’t while a rotary axis basically turns a CNC
skimp on these components. into a lathe. A rotary axis can produce
You should also expect high quality cus- some amazing designs, far beyond any-
tomer service and user support, just as thing a skilled turner can do. Combined
you would expect buying a large-format with the probe tool, any spindle can be
machine. replicated or repaired.
Many small-format CNCs use Vectric’s Small-format CNCs will expand the ca-
CAD/CAM software. Because of its pop- pabilities of a small shop, no matter what
ularity, there’s great deal of training avail- type of work is done. n

CNC 2018 33
 7
SIGN MAKING: COMBINING ART,
SKILL, TOOLING AND MACHINERY
BY JOHN ENGLISH

S
ign making is definitely one route that a nooks and crannies. casinos. For the former, a dedicated engraver or
woodshop can take to turn an idle CNC The machinery and tools are available to any even a laser might be a less expensive option than
router into a profitable investment. Pretty shop, but making them sing requires some dedica- a large CNC platform. However, larger machines
much any model can carve signs in wood, tion, training and design talent. Great sign makers are generally faster, more durable, more flexible and
foam or plastic, and the major physical limit is usu- are artists, and their approach is complex. often more automated.
ally just the size of the machine’s work area. Take, for example, Fred Schlatter of Benicia, Depending on the machine that a shop owns,
Shops that specialize in sign making either do all Calif. He uses a combination of portable power almost every major machine supplier offers sign
the design work in-house or they partner with an tools (routers, grinders and sanders); hand tools making capabilities – and customer testimonials
advertising or sign business and act as a subcon- such as chisels and files; fine art skills that include that explain the advantages of each. Before invest-
tractor. But owning or having access to a CNC ma- drawing, painting and gilding, and of course a com- ing in new equipment, check with your supplier
chine is only the first step. You’ll also need tooling, puter to aid in design. Before walking down this and ask about software and tooling options for the
software, training, and spray booth upgrades (parts road, do yourself a favor and watch Schlatter’s machines you already own. Their clients who spe-
may need to be painted or otherwise coated, rather video about what he does, and how he does it (at cialize in sign making may be willing to share some
than just using traditional wood finishes), and most carvedgraphics.net), just to see where the journey knowledge, as long as you’re not a direct geographi-
shops will probably need to bring some marketing may take you. cal competitor.
expertise on board to help sell this new skill. Once a shop has decided to make signs, the first For example, Camaster has an entire section of
In addition, there’s a learning curve for sign step is usually to survey available machines and its website (camaster.com) dedicated to sign mak-
makers who add plastics, acrylic, metals and other tooling. There’s a lot out there. ing. Its routers are used to carve signs in wood,
materials to their menu – products that don’t al- plastic, bronze, aluminum, foam and other materi-
ways behave the way solid wood and sheet goods MACHINE SHOPPING als. Techno CNC Systems also has a sign maker’s
do. Even on a CNC the travel and rotation speed What style of signs will you produce? page at technocnc.com.
of spindles can vary a lot, as will the cutter shape, How a woodshop owner or manager answers Vision Engraving & Routing Systems (visionen-
size and geometry. Many signs are thicker than that question will determine everything that fol- gravers.com) has a number of solutions for wood-
casework components and often are contoured or lows. If the shop is going to produce thin, simple, shops that are just entering this market segment,
otherwise irregularly shaped, so work holding can lettered signs for architects who design office build- or that may want to initially limit both their space
be a challenge. Many also may require the addition ings, that’s a whole lot different than making mas- and budget investment. The company’s three and
of an aggregate head to reach around curves or into sive roadside displays for, say, Las Vegas hotels or a half decades of engraving experience has been

34 CNC 2018
 7
packed into some pint-size power houses that automatic calibration, and a number of custom-
have table sizes starting at just 2.5” x 6”. As the izable options such as a phenolic four-zone,
shop’s needs grow, so do the desktop engrav- slide-valve work surface, CAD/CAM software,
ers – all the way up to industrial models with and the Multivision Digital Registration System
a 24” x 48” workspace that can also handle that uses a camera and software to reduce errors
Braille signage. in digital cutting.
For jobs that exceed those parameters, Vi-
sion has recently introduced the 1624R, which BITS AND KNIVES
is a CNC router/engraver that handles a wide The heart and soul of sign making is tooling,
variety of applications including milling, drill- and several manufacturers recognize the need
ing, contouring and routing. And the company to package bits in sets that can help a woodshop
makes models that can handle work up to 48” get going.
x 96”, including the VR48. Some of Vision’s Vortex Tool Co. (vortextool.com) offers a
machines use single-phase Black Box vacuums startup kit – item No. 6000 – that includes
to hold work, and they also support an oscillat- everything from a spoil-board cutter to ball-
ing knife that lets a shop work with a variety of nose spirals, engraving bits, O flute (for plastic)
materials such as graphic foam boards, closed Amana Tool’s eight-piece set. up-cut or down spirals, and a double-edged
cell foam, plastic-covered foam, corrugated card- 1/8” straight bit. And several sign makers have
board and plastic, gasket materials, rubber, cork, very simple 2D project to a complex 3D sign, using mentioned the series 2200 tapered ball-nose spi-
felt and other single-ply cloth or fabric, vinyl and existing DXF files, clip art and photographs or new rals from Vortex. These four bits were specifically
even leather. designs from scratch. designed for carving machines like those made by
Shopsabre (shopsabre.com) makes machines suit- Multicam’s Signmaker Express (at multimcam. Legacy, and they are used for fluting or for routing
able for hobbyists and full-production manufactur- com) delivers fine finishes around the edges of sign slots with rounded bottoms or inside corners. The
ing. Options include vision recognition systems, parts. It cuts at a speed of up to 1,500 inches per tapers are 1/16” to 1/4”; 1/8” to 1/4”; 1/2” to
tangential knife systems and multiple tool capa- minute and comes with a steel frame to eliminate 1/4”; and 1/2” to 3/8”.
bilities. Its CNC routers can handle designs from a vibration, and a productivity software suite. It has Amana Tool offers an entire online page (at am-

CNC 2018 35
 7
anatool.com) of industrial grade bit kits for engrav- Whiteside Machine Co. (whi-
ing and sign making. They include solid one-piece tesiderouterbits.com) offers four
tools and insert bits with replacement knives, and engraving bits, a large selection of
the profiles run the gamut from simple V-grooves round nose and veining bits, and
to round shoulders, bottom rounds, engravers and three round nose bits with guide
miter fold bits. bearings for template work.
Freud Tools (freudtools.com) offers an eight- Centurion Tools (centurion-
piece CNC router bit sign making set designated tools.com) offers free shipping if
as item No. 87-108. It includes a couple of up-cut a shop buys six or more cutters
spiral ball nose bits, two tapered ball tips, an up-cut as a starter kit, and the company
spiral, a down spiral, a 3/4” 90-degree V-groove, makes V-groove, engraving, and
and a 1/2” 60-degree V-groove. O flute bits, among others. And
GDP/GUHDO has an entire catalog of bits Integra Precision (ipgandm.com)
online (at guhdo.com). There are sections for solid also offers a range of bits for sign
carbide plus insert tools, and even diamond tooling makers. Almost every major CNC machine supplier offers sign-making
for production runs. The company also manufac- capabilities.
tures made-to-order diamond router tooling. SOFTWARE OPTIONS artwork, and then add 3D reliefs and textures using
Nap Gladu (napgladu.com) offers a number of There are several software programs that a po- parametric textures, a rapid texture/rapid picture
bits that are ideal for sign making, including a two- tential sign maker might want to explore. For ex- app, and bitmaps. The rapid texture tool also lets a
flute round nose in seven cutting diameters from ample, Vectric’s Aspire and VCarve Pro programs designer create unique surfaces by taking advantage
1/8” to 3/4”. This bit has extra-long carbide for (at vectric.com) both include the tools to design of the shape and diameter of a shop’s cutting tools,
deep cuts, and incorporates the ability to plunge. and carve complete signs in one piece of material, while at the same time reducing cut times.
The company’s 90B (90-degree V-groove) was or to accurately create separate parts that can be
specifically designed for intricate sign making and more easily finished and assembled. More sign making sources can be found in the
decorative cuts, and a 60-degree version (the 60B) EnRoute’s sign making software (at enroutesoft- Woodshop News’ Resource Guide at resource-
is intended for veining and incised sign lettering. ware.com) allows a woodshop to first create 2D guide.woodshopnews.com. n

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EXCELLENCE
Engineered Performance Value
 8
ADD TO A CNC’S CAPABILITIES
WITH ARTISTIC SOFTWARE
BY R.W. LEE

A
3-axis CNC router can do more than used with a 3-axis router to produce artistic objects, SVG, and create tool paths that appear on screen as
just machine sheet stock for cabinets. VCarve Pro and Aspire, priced at $699 and $1,995, 3D images. It can also raster image files.
Given the right software and tooling, respectively. Both programs have CAD, CAM and VCarve uses an integral process called “trace
other than a spiral cutting end mill, a tool path simulation. They are easy to learn and use. bitmap”, which traces the imported raster image.
3-axis CNC router can generate more artistic items Vectric is very dedicated to providing ongoing For instance, say a customer wanted a sign made
than cabinets. user support, which includes an annual user group from a logo. Simply import the logo into VCarve,
There are many CAD programs that can generate meeting, online videos and user blogs. which will change the raster image into a vector
drawings for 2.5D and 3D projects. At the top of VCarve has CAD drawing tools, including a line, file, create a tool path, and then produce a tool path
the list is probably Rhino. It is extremely versatile rectangle, circle, and oval, as well as a free drawing simulation.
and relatively inexpensive. However, its complexity instrument. It can import a variety of 2D vector One very useful operation for cabinetmakers is
does make it time consuming to learn. files, such as DWG, DXF, EPS, AI, PDF, SKP and VCarve’s ability to create molding tool paths, which
Rhino does not have an integrated CAM pack- can be used to create cross section profiles, arches,
age. There’s a separate program, Rhino CAM Art, frames and fluting. Parts nesting is also included.
for tool path generation. Both programs sell for Aspire is Vectric’s most comprehensive program.
about $1,300. It has all of VCarve’s features plus others aimed at
SketchUp is another option. It is quite easy to production of true 3D objects.
learn and has numerous third-party plug-ins for Artistic digital fabrication requires angled or ta-
artistic work. MeshCAM Pro will convert native pered bits. Quality is important because you’ll be
SketchUp files into tool paths and has some CAD making lots of cross grain cuts. I recommend bits
abilities as well as an optional 3D tool path simula- with replaceable cutters. It’s also a good idea to
tor, Cut View Simulator. It also has the capability purchase sign-making kits. You’ll save money and
to take raster image files such as JPGs, BMPs and have the necessary bits at once. Amana Tools,
PNGs, and convert them to 3D files that can be Freud and Onsrud offer such kits.
used to create a tool path. This means that images Adding software and tooling for artistic work
from the Internet and digital cameras can be used is a great way to keep your CNC running and add
to create objects and products for customers. The extra income. An employee who is already versed
total cost of SketchUp, MeshCAM and Cut View in cabinetmaking software can easily learn the new
Simulator is about $1,100. software, and your customers will appreciate the
Vectric offers a number of programs that can be finely detailed work. n

CNC 2018 37
 9
IT’S ALL ABOUT THE DETAILS
WITH A DIGITAL PROBE
BY R.W. LEE

M
ost woodworking shops with a probe makes contact with the object and activates of thousand, is converted to a DXF or SLT file
3-axis router are setup to cut cabinet the switch in the probe body. The switch generates which most CAD programs can read.
and furniture parts from flat panels a signal that is sent to the CNC controller point-by- Some software program have the capability to
and solid wood. But what happens point. This set of points is saved to a user designated read and display the surface file, though more
when a customer walks through the door with a rel- file in the storage medium chosen by the user which often than not the refinement phase needs an add-
atively complex part and wants it replicated as pre- is either on the CNC controller or on a computer in for the CAD program. Add-ins offer a variety
cisely as possible. In some cases, though it might that is used for the platform for the CNC controller. of methods to execute the refinement, with some
be time consuming, the part can be measured and On the probe tool is the probing tip. Probing of the refinement being automatic based on user
drawn with CAD software. tips, more technically know as a stylus, are the part set parameters, while more detailed refinement
It gets more complicated if the part is carved or of the digital probe tool that makes contact with must be done manually. The refinement step of
has contours. A rational shop owner would pass on the object being scanned. Tips used in the wood- the process is very detail oriented and therefore
the job unless he was familiar with digital probing, working industries are generally not complex, look- quite time consuming.
laser probing or laser scanning. ing mostly like a small metal shaft with a ruby tip. After refinement, the point cloud is exported in
Laser probing and laser scanning are not for most The shaft must be of a very rigid material, and the a chosen file format (DXF or STL, for example),
typical cabinet or furniture making shops. These are tip must be accurately spherical. and then the CAD model can be refined further to
tools used by large manufacturing firms to replicate The ruby tips can be of any diameter, though the add items like small details that were too small for
parts or to do quality control. There are also compa- smaller the diameter, the more accurately the point the probe tip to register. Some details are either too
nies that will laser scan oddly shaped parts and then cloud will represent the actual object. However, time consuming to add to a CAD model or impos-
convert the output from that scan into a file format small probes take longer to scan an object. sible to machine, so it might be more productive to
(DXF, STL or the like), that can then be used in a Another time factor is the distance between the use hand tools.
shop’s CAM program. These are known as “solid points on the X-Y plane grid, which is determined The next step is to begin machining. Use a small
scans” as they represent the scanned object as a solid during the probing processes setup. The smaller the ball nose bit and machine at a slow speed to pro-
object when the scanning is done. distance between these points on the X-Y plane duce the greatest detail.
Digital probing is a more practical solution. The grid, the more accurately the probe scan will repre- How do you get digital probing technology?
probe is basically a type of switch that has a long tip sent the original object. In most cases, a successful First, call the manufacturer of your CNC router
on it that generates a map of heights on the Z-axis probe scan process will take 12 to 18 hours. and/or controller to determine capability. If af-
over a gird on the X- and Y-axis plane. The result- A point cloud cannot be used to immediately firmative, ask about probe tools, software and the
ing map of heights is known as a “point cloud” generate tool paths and G-code. It has to be con- like. If not, the task becomes a bit more compli-
where each point has an X, Y and Z coordinate. verted into a type of file that can be further pro- cated though not impossible. Since all CNC routers
The results of a probe scan are known as “surface cessed into a format that can be exported to a CAD have limit and home switches, there is often a way
scan” as the tip of the probe only touches the ex- program. These conversion programs do what is to tap into the controller circuitry and use it for the
ternal surface of the object. known as “surface reconstruction” where the set of digital probing process. Your best source for this
The point cloud is generated when the tip of the points, which can number in the tens to hundreds information is an online forum. n

38 CNC 2018
 10
DIGITAL FABRICATION REQUIRES
A WORKSTATION; NOT A PC
BY R.W. LEE

W
hen conversations turn to digital While a PC typically has a 32-bit operating sys- error-correcting code (ECC) that can detect and
fabrication, what seems to be left tem that can handle four gigabytes of memory, a correct the most common kinds of internal data
out is the computer. workstation often has 64-bit operating system with corruption. This makes sure that errors that in-
A personal computer, or PC, is three terabytes of memory – or 3,000 gigabytes. evitably show up in computing for a variety of
a general purpose device that is designed and built The amount of memory needed for a 3D render- reasons will be minimized or eliminated. This type
for a wide variety of uses such as email, word pro- ing workstation can vary with the intensity of use, of memory is more expensive but worth it.
cessing, a bit of video editing, internet searches and but the rule is the more memory the better. A call The last processing competent is the graphics
the like. They are designed and built as inexpensive- to the software developer of the design or CAD card. In a PC, the graphic processing unit (GPU) is
ly as possible, which means that the various com- program, not the sales rep, can be a starting point often built into the motherboard, though it can be
ponents are fairly dependable and fairly easy to ser- in deciding how much memory is needed. replaced by adding graphics card. The card enhanc-
vice. But they are not meant to operate under heavy The type of memory used in a workstation is es color, images and videos. An adequate add-on
processing loads for extended periods of time.
Enter the computer workstation, a technical task
oriented device. In the case of a cabinet shop, it
is the computing device for designing; generating
cut lists, producing tool paths and G-code; and
project renderings. The workstation will be on
continuously and possibly never turned off except
for servicing.
And yes, a workstation will cost more. What
you’re buying is reliability, both in exact processing
of information and graphics, and better insides.
Though a workstation might look like any old
computer, it will be larger and weigh more, and
the components will be of much higher quality and
there will be more of them. To start, there is the
motherboard that connects all of the other compo-
nents. It will be more robust when compared to a
PC motherboard as well as being larger. It will have
several central processing units to run the neces-
sary software applications. The CPU may have one
or more cores assigned to a given task and time as
scheduled by the operating system.
 10
graphics card for a PC can be purchased for $20 to
$100. A workstation requires a 3D rendering card
with a high amount of memory and outputs for at
least two monitors, costing $500 to $1,000.
When choosing a 3D rendering graphics card,
take into consideration the brand of software
planned for the workstation. Some software op-
erates more reliably with a given graphics card,
whether it is NVIDIA or AMD GPU-chip based.
Workstation cards use different software drivers as
they are tuned for graphics intensive applications
rather than for gaming or general use.
The next component in any computer, PC or
workstation, is the storage. For a PC, a 500 GB,
7,200 rpm hard disk is more than adequate, pos-
sibly augmented by a 1 terabyte external hard disk.
The internal hard disk for a workstation should
spin at 10,000 to 15,000 rpm and have 1 to 3 tera-
bytes of capacity.
Backing up any computer is essential, and at least
one full on-site and one off-site backup is recom- unit (PSU). Again, a workstation has higher power Packard and Dell are available for under $1,000,
mended. Use a backup program that can complete needs, so a PSU should be of the highest quality though expect to pay around $2,000 with upgrades,
the first total backup and also perform a timed and sized properly. You’ll also need an uninterrupt- not including monitors.
full disk and data backup. Your external hard disk able power supply to combat power surges or dips. The extra cost of a workstation and accessories
should be at least two to three times larger than the Large monitors are easier on the eye and I prefer will be paid back with faster, more accurate work
primary hard disk to handle several backups. two 32” monitors at my workstation. on a computer that is more reliable, less prone to
One last major internal item is the power supply Entry-level, pre-built workstations from Hewlett- errors, and built to last. n

ADVERTISING INDEX
Amana Tool ...................................................www.amanatool.com...................................................C4 Holz-Her U.S. Inc.........................................www.holzher.com .........................................................13

Anderson America Corp. .....................www.andersonamerica.com..................................... 7 KCD Software ..............................................www.KCDsoftware.com ............................................11

Axiom Tool Group ......................................www.axiomprecision.com.........................................14 Limtech Industries ....................................www.limtechindustries.com ..................................22

AXYZ Automation Inc. ............................www.AXYZ.com ..............................................................35 Mozaik Software Inc ................................www.mozaiksoftware.com.......................................15

Better Vacuum Cups, Inc.....................www.GreenBVC.com...................................................... 8 MultiCam, Inc................................................www.MultiCam.com.....................................................31

Biesse America ..........................................www.biesseamerica.com ........................................19 New CNC ........................................................www.NEWCNC.com....................................................21

Cabinet Pro LLC .........................................www.cabinetpro.com ..................................................... 3 Next Wave Automation ........................www.nextwaveautomation.com ...........................32

cabinet vision / vero software .........essential.cabinetvision.com.....................................C2 NEXTech Machinery................................www.nextechmachinery.com.................................... 9

CAMaster ......................................................www.CAMaster.com ...................................................36 Precision Drive Systems, PDS..........www.PDSspindles.com ................................................. 5

Castaly Machine.........................................www.lobomachine.com ............................................29 Resource Guide ..........................................resourceguide.woodshopnews.com .................C3

CNC Factory ................................................www.CNCFactory.com ..............................................27 Schmalz, Inc...................................................www.schmalz.com .......................................................28

Felder USA .....................................................www.felderusa.com......................................................17 ShopBot Tools, Inc ....................................www.shopbottools.com .............................................25

Freeborn Tool Company, Inc. .............www.freeborntool.com...............................................20 Stiles Machinery.........................................www.stilesmachinery.com .......................................... 1

Freedom Machine Tool .........................www.FreedomCNC.com .............................................. 2 Thermwood Corp .....................................www.thermwood.com ................................................... 4

GDP Guhdo ....................................................www.guhdo.com .............................................................23 Vortex Tool Co., Inc ...................................www.vortextool.com.....................................................12

40 CNC 2018
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