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Assignment 1 Model Answer

This document provides an assignment for a petroleum industry overview course. It includes questions about the top 10 uses of petroleum, hydrocarbon formation theory, hydrocarbon exploration methods, types of hydrocarbon traps, reservoir fluids, and definitions of porosity, effective porosity, and permeability.

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ahmed
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43 views

Assignment 1 Model Answer

This document provides an assignment for a petroleum industry overview course. It includes questions about the top 10 uses of petroleum, hydrocarbon formation theory, hydrocarbon exploration methods, types of hydrocarbon traps, reservoir fluids, and definitions of porosity, effective porosity, and permeability.

Uploaded by

ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PENG 201301: Petroleum Industry Overview Course Instructor: Ashraf El-Ashry.

Fall 2018
.

Assignment 1

Model Answer
PENG 201301: Petroleum Industry Overview Course Instructor: Ashraf El-Ashry.

1. What is the Top 10 Uses Of Petroleum ( 2 Marks)

a. Jet Fuel
b. Diesel Fuel
c. Plastics
d. Paint
e. Photographic Film
f. Make Up
g. Medicine
h. Candles
i. Heating Oil
j. Food Additives
k. Synthetic Fibers
l. Synthetic Rubber

2. Briefly discuss the most common theory for hydrocarbon formation ( 2 Marks)
Millions of years ago the oceans were teaming with life, which only live for a short time died
and fell to the bottom of the ocean, where is was covered over and with heat, time, and pressure
it converted to the Kerogen (Hydrocarbons).

3. Mention the different Hydrocarbon Exploration Methods and the scientific basics
behind each. ( 3 Marks)
The most commonly Exploration methods in the Oil& Gas field:
 Gravitational Method. (Measuring g to find anomaly) Air survey mainly. -An aircraft flies
in a regular pattern over land using a gravimeter to measure changes in the Earth’s

2
PENG 201301: Petroleum Industry Overview Course Instructor: Ashraf El-Ashry.

gravitational field. Gravity data can detect horizontal variations in rock density. Areas of
thicker, less dense sedimentary rock may be prospective for oil and gas deposits
 Magnetic method .(Measuring Magnetic field for anomaly) The surveys can be conducted
either on the ground or from the air. These surveys can outline the expanse and even the dip
angle of the magnetic body with some degree of accuracy.
 Seismic method. (Sending,& receiving sound waves) In the last 20-30 years, with the
development of computers, we have been able to take seismic testing to a new level by
conducting three-dimensional, or 3D, seismic tests. Today, the analysis is performed on
super desk-top computers. Almost all oil and gas exploratory wells are preceded by 3D
seismic surveys.
4. What are the Major two types of hydrocarbon traps, give an example for each
( 2 Marks)
• Structural Traps: form when rock layers are deformed and the resulting geometry prohibits the
hydrocarbons from migrating any further. The anticline shape
• Stratigraphic Traps are due to depositional variation in rock type (facies changes) or
truncation of the original reservoir rock. Unconformities
5. Mention the different type of fluid in the reservoir, ( 3 Marks)
Gas, Oil, Water
6. Defined the following
a. Porosity: is the ratio of pore volume to total volume and is expressed as a percentage.
b. Effective porosity: is the ratio of the connected pore volume to total volume and is
expressed as a percentage.
c. Permeability: is the ease with which a fluid can move through a porous rock.

( 3 Marks)

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