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Power Equation Sheet

This document provides equations for analyzing electrical quantities in power systems circuits. It defines voltage, current, complex power, and impedance phasors. It gives equations to solve for unknown quantities given known values of two variables. For example, if voltage and current are known, impedance can be calculated. It also defines active power, reactive power, apparent power, and power factor in terms of the complex power phasor. It provides equations to calculate these quantities given the complex power value.

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245 views1 page

Power Equation Sheet

This document provides equations for analyzing electrical quantities in power systems circuits. It defines voltage, current, complex power, and impedance phasors. It gives equations to solve for unknown quantities given known values of two variables. For example, if voltage and current are known, impedance can be calculated. It also defines active power, reactive power, apparent power, and power factor in terms of the complex power phasor. It provides equations to calculate these quantities given the complex power value.

Uploaded by

Zachary
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ENEE 3522 AC Circuit Equations for Power Systems Analysis Fall 2018

A. Voltage, Current, Complex Power, and Impedance


For any component in power system circuits, we are concerned with four electrical quantities of that
component:

Voltage phasor V = |V|θV V

Current phasor I = |I|θI A

Complex power S = |S|θV −θI = |S|θpf VA


(θV −θI ) = θpf is power factor angle, where −90° ≤ θpf ≤ 90°.

Impedance Z = |Z|θpf Ω
R + jXL = (R + jωL), θpf > 0° (lagging or inductive component)
Z R + j0 = R, θpf = 0° (unity pf or resistive component)
1
R – jXC = (R − j ), θpf < 0° (leading or capacitive component)
𝜔𝐶

Knowns Equations to solve for unknowns


𝑽
V, I S = VI* Z=
𝑰
𝑺 ∗ |𝑽|𝟐
V, S I =( ) Z=
𝑽 𝑺∗
𝑽 |𝑽|𝟐
V, Z I= S=
𝒁 𝒁∗
𝑺 𝑺
I, S V= Z=
𝑰∗ |𝑰|𝟐

I, Z V = ZI S = | I |2Z

V=? I=?

Note: No equation can be derived from S and Z to obtain V and I.


S, Z Only voltage magnitude can be derived. Only current magnitude can be derived.
|𝑽|𝟐
Z=  | V | = √𝒁𝑺∗ 𝑺
𝑺∗ S = | I |2Z  |I| = √
𝒁

B. Active Power, Reactive Power, Apparent Power, and Power Factor


Given complex power S = |S|θpf = P +jQ VA,
Active power = P = |S|cos(θpf) W
Reactive power = Q = |S|sin(θpf) VAR
(For capacitive components or θpf < 0°, Q is negative.)

Apparent power = |S| = √𝑃2 + 𝑄 2 VA

cos(θpf) lagging (when θpf > 0°)


Power factor = pf
cos(θpf) leading (when θpf < 0°)

Itti Leevongwat Page 1 of 1

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