Below The Line - City of Syracuse Poverty Analysis - November 2018

BELOW
THE LINE
AN ANALYSIS OF BARRIERS TO
OPPORTUNITY IN SYRACUSE
OVERVIEW
CITY OF SYRACUSE
Office of Accountability, Performance and Innovation
Department of Neighborhood and Business Development
NOVEMBER 2018
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION....................................... 3 WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION................ 11-12
+ Labor force participation
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY................... 4-7

+ Full/part time employment
+ Poverty by race + Occupation
+ Median household income and ALICE

Survival Threshold TRANSPORTATION.............................. .13
+ Percent Receiving Social Security Income + Households by number of vehicles available

(SSI) or SNAP in the last 12 months + Taking public transportation to work, no
access to a vehicle
HOUSING STABILITY..............................8-9
+ Percent living in same home one year ago INTERNET ACCESS................................. 14
+ Gross Rent as a Percent of Household + Access to broadband, wireless, or DSL

Income in last 12 months + No Internet access or computer at home
+ Local housing stability research + Not in labor force, no access to Internet
EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES..................... 10 CONCLUSION...............15
+ Third Grade ELA Proficiency

+ Educational Attainment for the APPENDICES...............16-28
Population over age 25
City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 2

INTRODUCTION
Behind the stark and alarming • Transportation

• Internet Access
U.S. Census Bureau statistics on
poverty in Syracuse in 2017 are A number of organizations in the area have
already made significant efforts towards
people. Children. Women. Men. Seniors. advancing the conversation around these
The unemployed and the under-employed.
issues, particularly the Greater Syracuse HOPE
Working people. And people of all races, faiths
Initiative, the Central New York Community
and ethnicities. Every individual and family has
Foundation and CNY Vitals, the Syracuse
their own unique story – the challenges that
Metropolitan Transportation Council, the
have them caught in a cycle of poverty.
Onondaga County Department of Children
After the release of the American Community and Youth Services, the Work Train initiative,
Survey (ACS) 2017 one-year estimates in the UpStart program, and many others. The
mid-September, Mayor Walsh asked the City following pages provide more information on
of Syracuse Department of Neighborhood where Syracuse stands regarding these factors
and Business Development and the Office of and how our community compares with other
Accountability, Performance, and Innovation Upstate cities. ACS five-year estimates are
to undertake an expedited analysis of the used for each of the periods from 2011-16 as
one-year findings for 2017, as well as the available2. Findings are at the citywide level
trends demonstrated in the ACS five-year and ACS one-year estimates are included for
estimates since 20111. Our goal in reviewing 2017 to serve as an approximation. Information
the data is to dig deeper into the numbers about the margin of error for both five-year and
and to better understand the common one-year estimates of the indicators referenced
conditions and factors that are behind the can be found in the appendices. This report
stories of those living in poverty. We also draws conclusions based on the data we have
want to know why Syracuse, more than reviewed and conclusions that merit further
other places in New York and the nation, is community discussion and review. This analysis is
struggling to reduce poverty. not intended to suggest that these five areas are
This analysis examines trends in poverty and the only contributors to poverty. Health, hunger,
disparities in terms of access to opportunity. access to support systems, and other factors
Undoubtedly, poverty is a complex problem impact people’s ability to succeed and improve
driven by many factors. Our findings, their own circumstances.
however, point in the direction of five key We do hope this analysis provides additional
barriers that have high impact in Syracuse: guidance to the many knowledgeable and
• Workforce Participation committed partners in our city who are
• Educational Attainment working to reduce conditions of poverty.
• Housing Stability Working together in a system of total
alignment, we can and will succeed.
1 We acknowledge the limitations of the ACS survey data, as well as its relatively high margin of error, particularly with one-year estimates.
Nonetheless, we believe the survey provides useful information to identify key issues and broad trends and to make comparisons with other cities
surveyed using the same methodology.
2 ACS five-year estimates are used for 2011-16 unless otherwise unavailable. At the time of publishing this analysis, five-year estimates were not yet
available for 2017.

ECONOMIC At first glance, the slight decline in the city’s overall share of people in poverty within
OPPORTUNITY the last two years seems promising. However, much of the analysis in this report suggests that
there are far too many residents facing substantial barriers to increased and stable economic
WHAT YOU
opportunity, and that there are frequent disparities in terms of access for Black and Hispanic/
SHOULD KNOW Latino residents across Upstate, but particularly in Syracuse. Overall in 2016, 33% of Syracuse
+ 33% of all households residents were in poverty1, with Black residents as well as Hispanic/Latino2 residents experiencing
had incomes below the higher rates of poverty than White residents.
poverty line in 2016.
Poverty by Race, Syracuse, 2011−17

American Community Survey, B17001, B17001B, B17001H, B17001I
100%
75%
HISPANIC/
LATINO
PERCENT
50%
BLACK
ALL
25%
WHITE,
NON−HISPANIC
0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
YEAR
Estimates, Total Population under Poverty in past 12 months

American Community Survey, B17001
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
MOE, MOE MOE MOE MOE

Name Total MOE +/- Total Total Total Total Total Total MOE +/-
Estimate Estimate Estimate poverty poverty
Albany 22,085 1,669 22,452 1,497 22,337 1,687 23,744 1,476 23,871 1,499 22,826 1,522 19,449 3,383
Buffalo 75,920 2,985 76,036 2,430 77,299 2,575 77,748 2,576 78,831 2,312 78,270 3,274 74,228 7,493
Rochester 62,860 2,495 63,771 2,188 66,312 2,185 68,222 2,415 67,443 2,322 66,239 1,797 64,320 4,986
Syracuse 42,720 2,064 44,316 2,004 45,605 1,491 46,060 1,678 45,568 1,529 44,060 1,692 41,651 3,776
1 The Census Bureau uses a set of dollar value income cutoffs that vary by family size, composition and in some cases, age of householder, to determine
who is in poverty. Additional information on how the Census Bureau determines poverty status can be found in the ACS Subject Definitions here: https://
www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/technical-documentation/code-lists.2017.html
2 People who identify their origin as Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish may be of any race
3 2017 Data for Hispanic/Latino is unavailable for Albany

ECONOMIC Median income in Syracuse has increased fairly consistently from 2011-17. Like poverty, gaps
OPPORTUNITY exist between median income levels with Black residents as well as Hispanic or Latino1 residents
experiencing higher rates of poverty and earning lower median incomes than White residents.
WHAT YOU Across all households in 2016, the median income in Syracuse was $32,704. White households
SHOULD KNOW
earned over a quarter more ($39,982) of that amount, while Black households earned almost a
+ The citywide median quarter less ($24,579), and Hispanic/Latino earned almost 30% less ($23,192) of the citywide
income falls below the
median during the same period. Both of these values fell at or below the 2016 federal poverty
basic survival threshold
guidelines2 for a family of four ($24,300). Syracuse also had the lowest median income of all
peer cities and New York State for White ($39,982) and Hispanic ($23,192) residents.
Median Income by Race, 2011−17

ALBANY BUFFALO ROCHESTER SYRACUSE
$60,000
$40,000
INCOME
$20,000
$0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
YEAR
RACE All Black Hispanic/Latino White, non−Hispanic/Latino
Median Income by Race, 2011-17, Syracuse

Race 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017e3
All $31,689 $31,459 $31,365 $31,566 $31,881 $32,704 $35,568

Black $24,051 $23,203 $23,033 $24,193 $25,473 $24,579 $28,194
Hispanic/Latino $21,348 $20,411 $20,501 $18,403 $21,078 $23,192 $17,957
White, non-Hispanic $37,703 $38,523 $38,692 $38,573 $39,093 $39,982 $44,323
Percent Change, Median income by Race, 2011-17, Syracuse

Race 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2011-17
All -1% 0% 1% 1% 3% 9% 12%
Black -4% -1% 5% 5% -4% 15% 17%
Hispanic/Latino -4% 0% -10% 15% 10% -23% -16%
White, non-Hispanic 2% 0% 0% 1% 2% 11% 18%
1 People who identify their origin as Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish may be of any race
2 ACS one-year estimates are used for all 2017 data. ACS one-estimates typically have higher rates of associated error than five-year estimates.
All margin of error data can be found in the appendices.
3 “Federal poverty guidelines” refer to the poverty guideline figures set annually by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, which are not the
same as the thresholds used by the Census Bureau to calculate the number of poor persons.

ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY
ECONOMIC In addition to a large share of people living in
OPPORTUNITY poverty in Syracuse, there is an even larger share
of residents who can not afford basic cost-of- 6% $116,266
WHAT YOU OF SYRACUSE
SHOULD KNOW living necessities. ALICE (Asset Limited, Income HOUSEHOLDS 2016 ALICE stability
MADE AT budget - family of four
Constrained, Employed)1 households represent those LEAST THIS
+ 62% of households MUCH IN 2016 in Onondaga County
with household incomes above the federal poverty
in Syracuse did not
level, but not high enough to cover the full cost of $68,760
make enough to cover
basic cost of living basic necessities such as housing, childcare, food, 2016 ALICE survival
transportation, and healthcare. For ALICE individuals budget - family of four in
expenses in 2016.
Onondaga County
. and families who are just barely managing to make 74%
+ Approximately 25% of ends meet, a single financial hardship could be the OF SYRACUSE
HOUSEHOLDS $60,000
all spells of poverty begin difference that pushes people into poverty, often
EARNED LESS
THAN $60,000
with a loss of income3. IN 2016
putting them up against many of the barriers detailed
in this report and creating a domino effect that is $45,000
50% 2016 Syracuse
difficult to recover from. OF SYRACUSE
HOUSEHOLDS Median Income -
EARNED LESS
In Onondaga County, the basic survival ALICE THAN $45,000
White, non-Hispanic
IN 2016
budget in 2016 was $21,156 for a single adult, and
$39,892
$68,760 for a family of two adults, one infant, and
2016 Syracuse
one preschooler2. This budget does not take into Median Income -
account ability to put money into savings, or for other White, non-Hispanic
expenses such as a cell phone or Internet access. 49%
If these expenses were taken into account, a single
OF SYRACUSE $35,388
HOUSEHOLDS
MADE UNDER 2016 ALICE stability
adult would need to make $35,388 annually, higher $35,000 IN 2016
budget - single adult
than the 2016 median income citywide, and just in Onondaga County
below the 2017 estimate. A stability budget for a
family of four in 2016 was $116,266. $32,704
2016 Syracuse
While 34% of all households in Syracuse had Median Income -
incomes below the federal poverty level in 2016, Citywide
62% were below the ALICE basic affordability

$24,579
threshold, which was up slightly from 61% in 2014.
2016 Syracuse
All peer cities had comparably high percentages of Median Income -
the population below the ALICE survival threshold, Black
ranging between 60%-63%.

$24,339
Statewide, there was a 12% increase in the ALICE 2016 Federal Poverty Level-
family of four with two related
household survival budget for a single adult between children under 18
2010-16, and a 22% increase for a family of two
adults, one infant, and one preschooler. $23,192
2016 ALICE survival
1 All ALICE reports, data, and county budgets can be found at https://www. budget - single adult
unitedwayalice.org/new-york Onondaga County +
2 United Way. ALICE: A Study of Financial Hardship in New York. 2018. Accessed
October, 2018 from https://www.unitedwayalice.org/new-york. 2016 Syracuse Median
3 Stevens, A. Transitions Into and Out of Poverty in the United States. Policy Brief, Income - Hispanic Latino
Center for Poverty Research, University of California Davis. Accessed October 19 from 23%
https://poverty.ucdavis.edu/sites/main/files/file-attachments/policy_brief_stevens_
OF SYRACUSE
poverty_transitions_1.pdf HOUSEHOLDS
MADE UNDER
$15,000
$15,000 IN 2016

ECONOMIC Syracuse households with children under age 18 increasingly relied on Supplementary
OPPORTUNITY Security Income (SSI), Cash Public Assistance, and food stamps/SNAP to make ends
meet throughout the year. Almost a third of all households with children in Syracuse
WHAT YOU received either Supplementary Security Income (SSI), Cash Public Assistance, or Food
SHOULD KNOW
Stamp/SNAP benefits in 2016, with a 12% increase between 2011-171.
+ More households
For Food Stamp/SNAP participants specifically, Syracuse saw the second highest increase in
in Syracuse are
relying on SNAP and recipients (26%) between 2011-16 of all peer cities2. Further research is needed to determine
Supplementary Security to what extent these trends are connected to others that are evident, particularly within
Income (SSI) to make Syracuse’s labor market.
ends meet, with some of
the sharpest increases Reciept of Supplementary Security Income (SSI), Cash Reciept of Food Stamps/SNAP in the Pat 12 Months
across upstate cities. Public Assistance Income, or Food Stamps/SNAP in the past by Presence OF Children Under 18 Years by Household
12 Months Children Under 18 Years in Households, 2011−17 Type for Households, 2011−17
American Community Survey, B09010 American Community Survey, B22002
100% 100
75% ROCHESTER 75
SYRACUSE
BUFFALO
PERCENT
PERCENT
50% 50
ROCHESTER
ALBANY
BUFFALO
SYRACUSE
25% 25
ALBANY
0% 0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
YEAR YEAR
Receipt of Supplemental Security

Income (SSI), Cash Public Assistance Receipt of Food Stamps/SNAP in the
Income, or Food Stamps/SNAP in the past 12 months for children under 18
past 12 months for children under 18 years in households, Syracuse
years in households, Syracuse American Community Survey, B22002
Percent
Percent Percent Total,
Percent Total, Year Total Change
Year Total Change w/SNAP w/SNAP
SSI (%) with SSI SNAP
SSI (%)
2011 55,768 24% 13,314 -
2011
2012 56,013 26% 14,793 11%
2012 32,719 56% 18,414 -
2013 55,429 29% 15,883 7%
2013 32,850 60% 19,657 7%
2014 55,279 30% 16,705 5%
2014 32,656 64% 20,742 6%
2015 54,781 31% 16,801 1%
2015 32,342 63% 20,436 -1%
2016 31,154 63% 19,769 -3% 2016 55,442 31% 17,081 2%
2017 32,178 64% 20,574 4% 2017 54,062 31% 16,878 -1%
1 Based on information from table at left, B09010

2 Based on information from table at right, B22002

HOUSING STABILITY
HOUSING While housing costs in Syracuse are some of the lowest compared to Upstate peer cities,
STABILITY over half of all households citywide paid more per month for housing than they could
afford in 2016. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Syracuse’s median monthly housing cost in
WHAT YOU 2016 was $759. During the same year, 40% of households citywide had estimated incomes under
SHOULD KNOW
$25,000, meaning that they would be unable to afford payments that meet or exceed the citywide
+ More than half of all median. Despite having one of the lowest costs among upstate cities, it is much more difficult for
Syracuse residents do
a person on a fixed income to find housing that is affordable, safe, and in good repair. Over half
not make enough to
(56%) of all households in Syracuse experienced housing cost-burden in 20161. Of those, one
sustain their housing
payments, as defined third are considered severely cost-burdened, meaning that more than half of all gross monthly
by the Federal Housing income went to housing expenses. Cost-burden numbers across peer cities statewide has stayed
Authority’s definition of stagnant since 2011.
affordability2.
Gross Rent as a Percent of Household Income, Syracuse
100%
75%
PERCENT OF MONTHLY INCOME
PERCENT OF INCOME
UNDER 30%
50%
3149%
50% OR MORE
25%
0%
2017
YEAR
Gross Rent as a Percent of Household

Income in last 12 months, 2017
Syracuse Estimate MOE +/-

Estimate, Total 34,103 1,975
Estimate, Total, 10.0 to 14.9 percent 2,265 833
Estimate, Total, 50.0 percent or more 9,888 1,186
Estimate, Total, Less than 10.0 percent 1,184 593
Estimate, Total, Not computed 2,749 673
1,2 “Cost-burden” is a federal definition that refers to individuals or households that spend 30% or more of monthly gross income on housing expenses.
Households spending more than 50% of monthly gross income for housing are considered “Severely Cost Burdened”.

HOUSING Despite a high rate of cost burden, ACS data from 2016 indicates that more
STABILITY children ages 0-17 in Syracuse are living in the same home as the year before than
in previous years. While this could signal a positive trend, substantial research1 has
WHAT YOU emerged in recent months at a national level suggesting that housing instability is a much
SHOULD KNOW
more pervasive issue than previously thought.
+ Approximately 11,000
people in Syracuse are Living in the same house one year
displaced annually due ago, ages 0−17, 2012−17
to eviction American Community Survey, B07001
+ 34% of children 100%

ages 0-5 enrolled in
SYRACUSE
the Literacy Coalition ALBANY
of Onondaga County’s BUFFALO
75%
Imagination Library ROCHESTER
Program moved at l
east once during the
PERCENT
time they were enrolled 50%

in the program
25%
0%
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
YEAR
Other data available locally indicates that housing instability, particularly eviction, poses a
challenge for many in Syracuse. A 2017 analysis of data from the Onondaga County Volunteer
Lawyers Project by the Maxwell Community Benchmarking Program at Syracuse University2
estimated that Syracuse landlords move to evict approximately 7,000 tenants annually. Of those,
just over 75% end in eviction, displacing an average of 11,000 people in the area annually.
Additional data from the Literacy Coalition of Onondaga County indicates that of 25,520
children ages 0-5 who have enrolled in the Imagination Library Program from January
2011-February 2018, 34% moved at least once during the time that they were enrolled.
Overall, the children in the program collectively made 13,725 moves, two-thirds of which were
made by just 15% of the children. In general, children in Syracuse enrolled in the program
tended to move more frequently than children living in other areas within Onondaga County.
Of 16,722 children who never moved during the time they were enrolled in the program, 58%
were associated with addresses outside of the city of Syracuse.
1 More information about eviction and other cause of housing instability can be found at https://evictionlab.org/
2 The Community Benchmarks Program (2017). Final Notice: An analysis of evictions and housing instability in Syracuse, NY. Maxwell School of
Citizenship and Public Affairs. Retrieved via special request to the Public Affairs Department.

EDUCATIONAL According to the New York State Education Department (NYSED), only
ATTAINMENT 20% of students in the Syracuse City School District (SCSD) passed the third
grade ELA exam, the second lowest for all peer cities. Third grade reading
proficiency is regarded as a critical benchmark in elementary school because
WHAT YOU
SHOULD KNOW it lays the foundation for a student’s learning moving forward. It is the critical
transition between learning to read and reading to learn. From Kindergarten
+ 20% of Syracuse City
to third grade, children are learning to read. From fourth grade and beyond,
School District students
passed the third grade the ability to read becomes essential to their ability to learn. Low rates of
ELA exam in 20171. third grade reading proficiency have been connected to lower educational
attainment overall. Third grade ELA proficiency rates for SCSD students have
+ Over a third of the improved steadily since In 20142. Additionally, SCSD is the only one of the
population 25 or over state’s largest districts - including Buffalo, Rochester, and Yonkers, to have closed
had obtained less than
the graduation achievement gap between Black and White students. Eighteen
a high school diploma
in 2017. percent of the population over age 25 in Syracuse in 2017 did not have a high
school diploma or equivalent degree. Overall, the rate of post-secondary degree
attainment during the entire period of 2011-17 has stayed relatively flat.
Rate of Students Proficient in ELA (Score 3) Grade 3

NYS Education Department, 2014-18
2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-183
Total Percent Total Percent Total Percent Total Percent Total Percent
School District
Tested Proficient Tested Proficient Tested Proficient Tested Proficient Tested Proficient
Albany City School District 654 16% 591 14% 626 19% 669 20% 655 26%
Buffalo City School District 2,301 13% 2,165 12% 2,186 20% 2,313 18% 2,435 32%
Rochester City School District 2,183 5% 2,083 7% 2,154 8% 2,042 10% 2,146 17%
Syracuse City School District 1,444 10% 1,427 8% 1,482 11% 1,502 15% 1,475 20%
1,2,3 Due to the State’s new two-session test design and performance standards, the 2017-18 Grades 3-8 ELA and math results cannot be compared to prior-year
results. A new baseline established during the 2018-19 school year will enable comparisons with student scores during the 2018-19 and 2019-20 school years.
Education Attainment for the Population 25 years and older, 2017

SYRACUSE
ROCHESTER
YEAR
BUFFALO
ALBANY
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

PERCENT
Less than High High School Diploma Some College, Associates Bachelor’s Master’s Degree
School Diploma or Equivalent no degree Degree Degree or Higher

WORKFORCE Syracuse has stalled behind peer cities in New York State in terms of workforce
PARTICIPATION participation, overall employment. While the percent of people ages 16 and over
not participating in the labor force1 and the unemployment rate in Syracuse have
WHAT YOU fluctuated somewhat during the period of 2011-17, Syracuse has consistently lagged
SHOULD KNOW
behind other peer cities upstate in each category. The share not in the labor force has
+ Syracuse was the only increased 11% overall from 2011-172. While this could be somewhat over-inflated due to
city to see a decline error associated with the 2017 one-year estimates, the 3% increase from 2011-16 is still
in both labor force
notable, given that no other peer cities have experienced similar trends.
participation and overall
employment during the
period of 2011-17. Percent of Population Not in Labor Force, 2011−17
100%
80%
60%
SYRACUSE
PERCENT
40% ROCHESTER
BUFFALO
ALBANY
20%
0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
YEAR
Labor Force Participation, Syracuse, 2011-17, Estimates

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Total 115,056 115,391 115,311 115,193 115,361 116,091 115,200
Total in Civilian Labor Force, employed 59,226 58,116 57,374 56,820 57,313 58,655 53,833
Total in Civilian Labor Force 66,074 65,605 65,519 64,939 64,690 65,694 61,034
Total in Civilian Labor Force, unemployed 6,848 7,489 8,145 8,119 7,377 7,039 7,201
Total in labor force 66,216 65,709 65,627 65,044 64,800 65,785 61,061
Total not in Labor Force 48,840 49,682 49,684 50,149 50,561 50,306 54,139
1 The U.S. Census Bureau defines Participation in labor force as all people 16 years old and over who are not classified as members of
the labor force. This category consists mainly of students, homemakers, retired workers, seasonal workers interviewed in an off season who were
not looking for work, institutionalized people, and people doing only incidental unpaid family work (less than 15 hours during the reference week).
Labor Force Participation Rate – The labor force participation rate represents the proportion of the population that is in the labor force.
2 There is a +/-2,555 margin of error for the number not participating in the labor force in Syracuse in 2017

WORKFORCE Along with increases in the total percent of people not working, Syracuse is
PARTICIPATION seeing larger declines in the percent of people working 35 hours or more on
average per week than any other peer city. Syracuse was also the only city to
WHAT YOU see a decline from 2011-17 in percent of full-time employment, with a 14% decrease
SHOULD KNOW
in full-time employment from 2011-17, and a 16% increase in the percent of people not
working. By comparison, Rochester and Buffalo each saw increases in the percent of
+ Syracuse was the only
people working full-time and decreases in the percent of people not working, while
peer city to experience a
substantial decline in full Albany, which saw minimal changes.
time employment, 14%
from 2011-17. Work Status in the Past 12 months, ages 16−64, 2011−17
American Community Survey, S2303
PERCENT NOT WORKING PERCENT WORKING 35+ HOURS

100%
75%
PERCENT
ALBANY
50% ROCHESTER
BUFFALO
SYRACUSE SYRACUSE
ROCHESTER
BUFFALO
25%
ALBANY
0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
YEAR
Work Status in the Past 12 Months, Syracuse, 2011-17

American Community Survey, S2303
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Total, Age 16 to 64 99,973 99,850 99,718 99,388 99,022 99,022 98,204
Total Working 35+ Hours 48,487 46,530 45,471 44,029 43,583 43,583 41,474
Percent working 35+ Hours 49% 47% 46% 44% 44% 44% 42%
Total Not Working 28,992 30,954 32,209 33,593 33,348 33,348 33,634
Percent Not Working 29% 31% 32% 34% 34% 34% 34%
Total working part time 22,493 22,366 22,037 21,766 22,091 22,091 23,096
Percent working part time 22% 22% 22% 22% 22% 22% 24%
There was also a decrease in jobs across several occupational fields from 2012-17,
totaling 4,283 fewer jobs1. Jobs in science, art, business and management as well
as construction and maintenance accounted for almost all reductions. This is again in
contrast to both Buffalo and Rochester, which both saw substantial gains in each of these
fields. While the margin of error is reasonably high for this indicator, these preliminary
estimates suggest that further analysis is warranted, particularly given that Syracuse is
the only one of its peers experiencing consistent negative trends in these areas.
1 The margin of error for the 2017 one-year estimate was +/- 2,416 jobs.

TRANSPORTATION
TRANSPORTATION The percent of low-income public poverty using public transportation stayed
transportation riders compared to all relatively stable. This could suggest that
riders in Syracuse is increasing, and those who have the option to take another
WHAT YOU
SHOULD KNOW exceeds all other peer cities statewide. form of transportation are increasingly
While overall public transportation usage opting to do so.
+ Almost two thirds of
users who rely on public has varied somewhat between 2011-17, This is not necessarily the case across all
transportation to get low-income users have consistently made peer cities. Overall, people in Syracuse
to work with no access up the majority of all riders in Syracuse. are less reliant on public transportation to
to a vehicle at home
had incomes below the Among peer cities statewide, Syracuse also commute to work than people in Albany,
poverty line. has the highest percent of people taking even though the two cities have similar
public transportation without access to rates of households without access to a
+ Overall, people in
a vehicle. The percent of people relying vehicle. More data is required in order
Syracuse are taking
public transportation to on public transportation to get to work to create a reliable correlation study
work less frequently than without access to a vehicle has increased between these two indicators that might
residents in other cities, more accurately quantify the degree to
significantly between 2011-17.
despite similar levels of
which transportation access is a barrier
vehicle access. There also was a decline in the total number
for residents, and the extent to which
of people using public transportation in
+ The Syracuse that may have implications for workforce
Syracuse, although the number of people in
Metropolitan participation in the City.
Transportation Council
has extensively studied
barriers to transportation Percent Taking Public Transportion to Work,
No Vehicle Available in Household, 2011−17 Means of Transportation to Work, 2017
in the Syracuse region. American Community Survey, B08141
Several reports can
100% 100%
be accessed on
their website, http://
www.smtcmpo.org/
publications.asp 75%
75%
SYRACUSE MEANS OF
TRANSPORTATION
ALBANY Drove Alone
BUFFALO
PERCENT
Public Transportation
PERCENT
Carpooled
50% ROCHESTER 50%
Walked
Taxi, bike, or other
Worked from Home
25% 25%
0% 0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
SYRACUSE ROCHESTER BUFFALO ALBANY
YEAR

INTERNET Twenty-two percent of Syracuse residents lack access to both the Internet and a
ACCESS computer at home. Compared to peer cities, Syracuse has a significantly higher percentage
of residents without access to the Internet1 or a computer2 at home. All peer cities across
New York have seen a decrease in the number of people without Internet, however Syracuse
WHAT YOU
SHOULD KNOW is not improving at the same pace as others, and it is the only peer city in New York State
where the share of people without a computer at home did not decrease between 2014-173.
+ Syracuse has the
highest percent of Syracuse also has the highest rate of residents not in the labor force that also do not
residents lacking Internet have access to the Internet in 2017. Evidence suggests that a lack of Internet access is an
access as well as the
additional hindrance to pursuit of improved academic and economic outcomes, both for
highest percent without
a computer at home of individuals and for our city as a whole.
all Upstate peer cities.
1 “Internet access” refers to housing units where no one can connect to or uses the Internet using a paid service or any free service, including a cellular data plan.
“Access” refers to whether or not someone in the household uses or can connect to the Internet, regardless of whether or not they pay for the service.
+ Syracuse has
2 “Computer” refers to any type of computing device, including desktop, laptop, phone, tablet, or other computing device
the lowest share of 3 ACS one-year estimates were used for rate of population without Internet and rate of population with out a computer at home, as five-year estimates are
population with access not available.
to a computer with a
broadband or DSL Rate of Population with Computer with
subscription at home of Broadband Subscription in Home, 2017
Upstate peer cities.
+ Over a third of all

residents in Syracuse not SYRACUSE
in the labor force in 2017

also did not have access ROCHESTER
to a computer at home.
BUFFALO
ALBANY
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

PERCENT
Rate of Population Not in Labor Force without a Computer in Home, 2013−17

100%
75%
PERCENT
50%
SYRACUSE
ROCHESTER
25% ALBANY
BUFFALO
0%
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
YEAR

CONCLUSION
Our vision for Syracuse is to create a growing regret any omissions or errors that may have
city that embraces diversity and creates occurred as a result, and we welcome your
opportunity for all. True progress won’t be input at [email protected].
achieved unless all city residents have the The City of Syracuse is deeply grateful to
opportunity to experience success. the many partners in government, non-
As stated in the introduction, the city’s profits, and in the business community
analysis of 2011-17 U.S. Census Bureau data who are working tirelessly to help our
focuses on the following barriers to progress city overcome poverty. We prepared this
for people living in Syracuse: analysis to better understand the reasons
the ACS survey indicates Syracuse is
• Workforce Participation
behind other cities in New York in reducing
• Educational Attainment
poverty. We hope this analysis stimulates
• Housing Stability further dialogue, discussion and debate.
• Transportation More importantly, we stand ready to
• Internet Access work together on actions to address the
We must overcome these barriers to achieve conditions identified here and others that are
our vision. In preparing this analysis, we limiting opportunity for people in Syracuse.
reviewed our draft findings with multiple Working together, in a system of total
community partners. Our urgency for action alignment, we can and will make Syracuse a
did not allow us to review with all. We growing city with opportunity for all.

APPENDICES
PAGES 17-28
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SYRACUSE, NY
CENSUS TRACTS + MAJOR CORRIDORS
3
2 4
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PA
NT
RK
10
T
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GR
AN
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6 7
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MIDLER
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5.01
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DI 19
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18
AW
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14 15 ME
HI
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TO 23
20 W
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21.01 D I 69
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36.01
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36.02
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27 FAYETTE
32 34
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GENESEE GENESEE
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30
WEST
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29.01
WESTCOTT
STATE
40 43.01
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39
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38 45
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SOUTH
ONONDAGA
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I 81
53
SAL
INA
48
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ON
49 50 56.01
DA
51
ONONDAGA
GA
COLVIN 54
PAR
COLVIN
K
BRIGHTO
N 55
GLENWOOD
CREEK
56.02
59
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MIDLAND
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61.01
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61.03

ACS 5-Year, All
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
MOE, MOE MOE MOE MOE

Name n MOE +/- Total Total Total Total Total Total MOE +/-
Estimate Estimate Estimate poverty poverty
Albany 22,085 1,669 22,452 1,497 22,337 1,687 23,744 1,476 23,871 1,499 22,826 1,522 19,449 3,383
Buffalo 75,920 2,985 76,036 2,430 77,299 2,575 77,748 2,576 78,831 2,312 78,270 3,274 74,228 7,493
Rochester 62,860 2,495 63,771 2,188 66,312 2,185 68,222 2,415 67,443 2,322 66,239 1,797 64,320 4,986
Syracuse 42,720 2,064 44,316 2,004 45,605 1,491 46,060 1,678 45,568 1,529 44,060 1,692 41,651 3,776
ACS 5-Year, Black
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Estmate,
Name MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/-
Total
Albany 86,66 1,191 8,606 1037 8,897 1,133 8,990 1,199 9,018 1,043 9148 1,047 7,980 2,269
Buffalo 37,542 1,963 37,472 1621 38,115 2,147 37,359 1,943 37,705 1,954 36,033 1,989 31,143 4,743
Rochester 31,466 1,787 32,629 1638 33,792 2,091 3,5020 1,837 34,777 1,667 33,011 1,632 34,788 4,261
Syracuse 16,325 1,393 17,165 1280 17,958 1,082 17,890 1,204 1,6826 1,039 16,939 956 17,474 2,664

ACS 5-Year, Hispanic / Latino
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Name N MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/-
Albany 2,558 551 2,626 595 2,551 630 3,041 480 3,116 637 3,214 709 0 0
Buffalo 11,040 1,128 11,823 1043 12,228 1,041 12832 1,164 12,967 1,180 12,977 1,101 13,094 2,658
Rochester 14.276 1,354 14,145 1150 15,199 1,023 15616 1,142 15,438 1,028 15,512 1,138 14,640 2,352
Syracuse 4,967 704 5,237 658 6262 731 6039 610 5,544 632 5,109 645 7,429 1,554

ACS 5-Year, White
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Name N MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/- N MOE +/-
Albany 8,430 870 8,572 728 8,192 865 8,065 898 8,131 877 7,875 740 6,069 1,904
Buffalo 21,941 1,524 21,176 1424 19,910 1,314 19,949 1,272 20,056 1129 21,223 1,801 20,584 3,675
Rochester 141,92 1,003 13,988 1012 14,356 1,099 13,961 1,032 13,979 873 14,629 995 13,387 2,336
Syracuse 16,078 1,455 16,270 1,164 15,507 921 15,716 876 16,167 1,094 15,043 965 12,308 2,211

American Community Survey, 5-Year, All Estimates, Total Population under Poverty in past 12 months
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 American Community Survey, 5-Year, Hispanic / Latino
Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty
Name Name Poverty Rate % Poverty Rate % Poverty Rate %Poverty Rate %
Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate %
Albany 36 37 33 37 37 37 0
Albany 25 25 25 27 27 26 22
Buffalo 30 30 31 31 31 31 30 Buffalo 48 50 50 51 48 48 44
Rochester 31 32 33 34 33 33 32 Rochester 43 42 44 44 43 43 42
Syracuse 32 34 35 35 35 34 32 Syracuse 48 51 56 56 49 44 58
Estimates, Total Population under Poverty in past 12 months Estimates, Total Population under Poverty in past 12 months
American Community Survey, 5-Year, Black American Community Survey, 5-Year, White, non-Hispanic/Latino
2017
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty Poverty
Name Name Poverty Rate %
Rate Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate % Rate %
Albany 31 30 30 31 32 33 32 Albany 18 19 18 18 18 18 14
Buffalo 38 39 40 39 40 38 34 Buffalo 18 18 17 18 18 19 19
Rochester 37 38 40 42 41 39 42 Rochester 19 19 20 19 20 20 18
Syracuse 41 42 44 44 41 42 41 Syracuse 23 24 23 24 25 23 21

Median income by race, 2011-17, Estimates
American Community Survey, B19013, B19013B, B19013I, B19013H
City Race 2011 ($) 2012 ($) 2013 ($) 2014 ($) 2015 ($) 2016 ($) 2017e ($)
Albany All 38,394 40,145 40,287 41,099 40,949 42,335 49,307
Albany Black 29,087 29,321 28,852 29,149 28,483 28,772 25,418

Albany Hispanic/Latino 28,182 23,681 23,039 21,723 19,792 28,578 35,083
Albany White, non-Hispanic 46,846 50,448 49,871 51,717 51,705 54,488 65,580
Buffalo All 30,230 30,502 30,942 31,668 31,918 33,119 34,814
Buffalo Black 23,403 22,970 22,836 23,898 23,763 24,715 25,543

Buffalo Hispanic/Latino 15,642 16,170 17,252 19,089 20,326 20,520 23,882
Buffalo White, non-Hispanic 39,472 41,038 41,764 42,495 42,981 44,204 47,486
Rochester All 30,367 30,708 30,875 30,784 30,960 31,684 33,588
Rochester Black 24,060 23,687 23,555 23,586 23,199 25,149 24,134

Rochester Hispanic/Latino 23,209 22,809 22,983 22,127 22,562 22,764 26,003
Rochester White, non-Hispanic 39,899 41,432 41,680 41,427 41,811 42,005 47,955
Syracuse All 31,689 31,459 31,365 31,566 31,881 32,704 35,568
Syracuse Black 24,051 23,203 23,033 24,193 25,473 24,579 28,194

Syracuse Hispanic/Latino 21,348 20,411 20,501 18,403 21,078 23,192 17,957
Syracuse White, non-Hispanic 37,703 38,523 38,692 38,573 39,093 39,982 44,323
Median Income by Race, 2011-17, Margin of Error

American Community Survey B19013, B19013B, B19013I, B19013H
City Race 2011 +/- 2012 +/- 2013 +/- 2014 +/- 2015 +/- 2016 +/- 2017 +/-
Albany All 2,286 2,079 1,527 1,694 1,493 1,986 4,649
Albany Black 3,224 2,086 2,309 2,631 2,155 2,388 8,496

Albany Hispanic/Latino 7,753 5,858 8,676 8,145 3,900 10,393 25,480
Albany White, non-Hispanic 3,508 2,211 2,984 2,352 2,411 2,374 7,898
Buffalo All 752 746 727 648 678 999 2,348
Buffalo Black 1,014 884 983 949 1,072 1,098 2,222

Buffalo Hispanic/Latino 2,012 2,449 1,673 2,005 1,902 1,861 5,300
Buffalo White, non-Hispanic 1,300 1,126 1,390 1,436 1,731 1,279 4,037
Rochester All 861 795 858 697 667 631 2,185
Rochester Black 1,208 1,175 1,241 942 977 1,083 3,688

Rochester Hispanic/Latino 2,585 2,858 1,448 1,308 1,391 1,517 3,140
Rochester White, non-Hispanic 1,295 1,244 1,498 1,317 1,275 1,212 3,912
Syracuse All 1,034 870 755 852 769 1,092 2,002
Syracuse Black 2,009 1,728 1,506 1,872 1,270 1,715 2,987

Syracuse Hispanic/Latino 2,396 2,047 2,098 2,697 2,965 3,554 11,060
Syracuse White, non-Hispanic 1,552 1,652 1,558 1,138 1,380 1,897 3,350
Population, 2011-17
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
City Estimate MOE Estimate MOE Estimate MOE Estimate MOE Estimate MOE Estimate MOE Estimate MOE
Albany 97,879 91 97,892 38 98,142 70 98,287 35 98,468 65 98,425 50 98,252 24
Buffalo 263,914 91 261,955 50 260,568 64 259,959 58 259,517 49 258,989 55 258,592 82
Rochester 211,457 69 210,967 74 210,624 46 210,461 64 210,745 66 210,291 47 208,049 34
Syracuse 144,883 48 144,703 122 144,742 80 144,648 52 144,564 65 144,350 76 143,398 29

Percent With Household Income Above
ALICE threshold by County, 2010-2016
New York ALICE Study of Financial Harship
Above Below Below
Year County ALICE ALICE Poverty
Threshold Threshold Level
2010 Albany 71,223 33,603 15,659
2010 Erie 228,076 96,699 52,179
2010 Monroe 183,174 68,268 43,219
2010 Onondaga 113,495 45,252 25,842
2012 Albany 76,615 28,615 15,889
2012 Erie 236,695 88,930 53,469
2012 Monroe 178,075 78,690 41,950
2012 Onondaga 113,531 46,546 25,908
2014 Albany 76,637 32,890 15,189
2014 Erie 226,909 100,429 56,319
2014 Monroe 171,943 87,312 39,016
2014 Onondaga 107,977 50,046 27,451
2016 Albany 70,006 39,738 15,585
2016 Erie 221,286 104,578 54,609
2016 Monroe 176,046 78,985 44,193
2016 Onondaga 109,901 46,912 26,171
Receipt of Supplemental Security Income (SSI), Cash Public

Assistance Income, or Food Stamps/SNAP in the past 12 months
for children under 18 years in households
Percent Total MOE,
Percent Total,
Name Year Total Change MOE with
SSI (%) with SSI
SSI (%) (+/-) SSI (+/-)
Albany 2012 16,997 38 6,497 0 610 837
Albany 2013 16,779 45 7,484 15 591 771
Albany 2014 16,822 49 8,233 10 713 884
Albany 2015 16,441 50 8,223 0 580 726
Albany 2016 15,993 48 7,698 -6 693 802
Albany 2017 18,478 45 8,315 8 1557 2000
Buffalo 2012 61,193 56 34,520 0 1081 1131

Buffalo 2013 59,546 61 36,087 5 1098 1237
Buffalo 2014 59,260 62 36,844 2 1095 1130
Buffalo 2015 59,117 63 37,227 1 988 1186
Buffalo 2016 58,984 63 37,397 0 1121 1216
Buffalo 2017 57,221 60 34,489 -8 2807 2619
Rochester 2012 51,496 59 30,304 0 930 1101

Rochester 2013 50,925 64 32,662 8 993 1269
Rochester 2014 50,638 66 33,181 2 880 1030
Rochester 2015 50,400 67 33,753 2 990 1064
Rochester 2016 49,491 67 3,3195 -2 951 1006
Rochester 2017 43,383 71 30,962 -7 2686 2165
Syracuse 2012 32,719 56 18,414 0 783 1008

Syracuse 2013 32,850 60 19,657 7 799 853
Syracuse 2014 32,656 64 20,742 6 671 748
Syracuse 2015 32,342 63 20,436 -1 712 792
Syracuse 2016 31,154 63 19,769 -3 801 903
Syracuse 2017 32,178 64 20,574 4 1850 2106

Median Monthly Housing Costs, 2011-17
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
City Estimate($) MOE +/- Estimate($) MOE +/- Estimate($) MOE +/- Estimate($) MOE +/- Estimate($) MOE +/- Estimate($) MOE +/-
Albany $ 912 17 $ 912 16 $ 915 16 $ 911 16 $ 931 17 $1,023 45
Buffalo $ 696 8 $ 696 6 $ 704 7 $ 700 7 $ 704 5 $ 710 21
Rochester $ 786 8 $ 790 9 $ 788 7 $ 788 7 $ 795 7 $ 818 22
Syracuse $ 750 10 $ 750 11 $ 753 10 $ 760 12 $ 759 10 $ 789 22
Percent Living in Same House as Year Before, 2011-17, Estimates

Name Variable 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Albany Total 96,860 96,995 97,135 97,095 97,194 97,184
Total, Age 1-4 3,870 3,970 4,000 3,961 4,137 4,368
Total, Age 5-17 12,421 12,107 12,170 11,486 11,073 13,341
Total, Living in Same House 75,475 76,238 77,640 78,108 77,986 75,236
Total, Living in Same House, Age 1-4 2,849 3,164 3,268 3,379 3,570 2,873
Buffalo Total 258,394 257,390 256,566 255,819 255,074 255,163
Total, Age 1-4 13,470 13,609 13,764 13,471 13,387 13,120
Total, Age 5-17 44,622 43,199 42,419 42,229 41,879 41,061
Rochester Total 208,331 207,843 207,913 208,112 207,652 204,789
Total, Age 1-4 12,734 12,144 12,268 12,238 11,684 9,021
Total, Age 5-17 36,447 36,312 36,128 35,890 35,518 31,850
Syracuse Total 142,599 142,587 142,453 142,346 142,364 141,652
Total, Age 1-4 8,003 8,049 8,046 7,878 7,801 6,902
Total, Age 5-17 23,013 22,980 22,726 22,518 21,603 24,122
Percent Living in Same House as Year Before, 2011-17, Margin of Error

Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent
MOE MOE MOE MOE MOE MOE
Name Variable MOE MOE MOE MOE MOE MOE
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Albany Total 225 0% 206 0% 249 0% 262 0% 270 0% 572 1%
Total, Age 1-4 390 10% 398 10% 373 9% 381 10% 405 10% 979 22%
Total, Age 5-17 543 4% 493 4% 569 5% 518 5% 582 5% 1,405 11%
Total, Living in Same House 1,561 2% 1,176 2% 1,228 2% 1,310 2% 1,401 2% 3,038 4%
Total, Living in Same House, Age 1-4 350 12% 355 11% 397 12% 370 11% 408 11% 980 34%
Total, Living in Same House, Age 5-17 586 6% 626 6% 681 7% 561 6% 635 7% 1,500 13%
Buffalo Total 351 0% 352 0% 334 0% 399 0% 411 0% 940 0%
Total, Age 1-4 666 5% 660 5% 585 4% 621 5% 732 5% 1,557 12%
Total, Age 5-17 940 2% 842 2% 934 2% 966 2% 978 2% 2,464 6%
Total, Living in Same House, Age 5-17 1,076 3% 984 3% 933 3% 1,053 3% 1,114 3% 2,916 9%
Rochester Total 302 0% 333 0% 342 0% 304 0% 309 0% 859 0%
Total, Age 1-4 525 4% 580 5% 520 4% 461 4% 572 5% 1,362 15%
Total, Age 5-17 805 2% 784 2% 718 2% 805 2% 869 2% 2,328 7%
Total, Living in Same House, Age 5-17 850 3% 1,076 4% 903 3% 996 4% 1,035 4% 2,481 10%
Syracuse Total 252 0% 270 0% 282 0% 317 0% 324 0% 741 1%
Total, Age 1-4 415 5% 408 5% 449 6% 413 5% 444 6% 1,249 18%
Total, Age 5-17 714 3% 723 3% 616 3% 637 3% 703 3% 1,799 7%

Gross Rent as a Percent of Household Income in last 12 months
American Community Survey, B25070, 2011-17
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Estimate MOE +/- Estimate MOE +/- Estimate MOE +/- Estimate MOE +/- Estimate MOE +/- Estimate MOE +/-
Albany 47,410 4,003 48,596 4,289 49,376 3,998 50,378 4,132 51,522 4,086 49,782 9,492
Estimate, Total 23,705 711 24,298 855 24,688 693 25,189 820 25,761 755 24,891 1,666
Estimate, Total, 10.0 to 14.9 percent 1,773 328 1,958 373 2,029 313 2,228 363 2,338 334 2,510 805
Estimate, Total, 50.0 percent or more 7,233 545 7,510 645 7,807 621 7,610 571 8,045 701 6,595 1,509
Estimate, Total, Less than 10.0 percent 827 211 817 215 975 206 1,064 214 1,084 227 423 273
Estimate, Total, Not computed 930 228 817 213 997 217 972 229 798 179 865 495
Buffalo 129,518 6,525 129,566 6,808 130,216 6,334 129,338 6,264 128,548 6,415 130,710 15,654
Estimate, Total 64,759 1,085 64,783 1,323 65,108 1,240 64,669 1,141 64,274 1,080 65,355 2,791
Estimate, Total, 10.0 to 14.9 percent 5,313 563 5,643 505 5,919 552 6,009 511 5,906 536 5,431 1,072
Estimate, Total, Less than 10.0 percent 2,753 332 2,985 375 3,198 373 3,091 393 3,532 495 3,146 813
Estimate, Total, Not computed 3,520 443 3,728 459 3,805 436 3,924 517 4,310 446 4,622 881
Rochester 102,686 5,708 104,832 5,371 106,366 5,264 108,240 5,318 109,232 5,215 112,048 13,212
Estimate, Total 51,343 1,236 52,416 980 53,183 896 54,120 914 54,616 965 56,024 2,495
Syracuse 66,984 4,170 67,226 4,165 67,946 4,080 67,308 3,814 67,852 4,063 68,206 10,066
Estimate, Total 33,492 700 33,613 877 33,973 818 33,654 688 33,926 791 34,103 1,975

Rate of Students Proficient in ELA (Score 3) Grade 3
Source: NYS Education Department, 2013-18
Albany City Change
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
School District 2013-18
Total Tested 654 591 626 669 655
Proficient 104 84 122 133 170
4%
% Proficient 16% 14% 19% 20% 26%
Buffalo City Change
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Total Tested 2301 2165 2186 2313 2435
Proficient 304 260 442 418 785
20%
% Proficient 13% 12% 20% 18% 32%
Rochester City Change
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Total Tested 2183 2083 2154 2042 2146
Proficient 119 138 177 214 355
% Proficient 5% 7% 8% 10% 17% 11%
Syracuse City
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
School District
Total Tested 1444 1427 1482 1502 1475
# Proficient 145 120 156 231 294
11%
% Proficient 10% 8% 11% 15% 20%
Education Attainment for the Population over Age 25, 2011-17

Albany Highest Education 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2012 MOE 2013 MOE 2014 MOE 2015 MOE 2016 MOE 2017 MOE
Less Than High School 7,953 7,013 6,621 6,249 6,145 6,704 2,155 1,919 1,917 2,001 5,194 1,963
High School 14,344 15,120 16,158 16,260 15,887 13,913 1,194 1,069 1,247 1,212 2,848 1,246
Some College 10,464 10,220 10,779 10,713 10,367 10,153 1,123 972 1,050 1,087 2,262 999
Associates Degree 4,416 4,716 4,417 4,878 5,181 4,211 430 527 403 406 1,025 490
Bachelor's Degree 11,602 11,741 11,545 11,761 11,726 12,002 927 640 810 803 1,474 767
Master's Degree 6,721 6,769 7,115 7,109 7,442 8,787 570 442 596 513 1,443 561
Professional Degree 2,068 1,833 1,512 1,400 1,530 2,046 340 307 262 234 681 231
Doctorate Degree 1,492 1,591 1,443 1,537 1,637 1,491 246 256 288 271 495 273
Buffalo Highest Education 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2012 MOE 2013 MOE 2014 MOE 2015 MOE 2016 MOE 2017 MOE
High School 47,295 46,627 44,978 45,491 45,307 47,133 1,880 1,832 1,916 1,878 4,994 2,026
Some College 34,113 34,526 35,130 35,311 34,862 35,208 1,711 1,747 1,690 1,820 3,987 1,534
Bachelor's Degree 21,268 22,196 22,676 22,224 23,811 26,400 872 1,027 1,134 982 2,346 1,103
Master's Degree 12,403 13,157 12,978 13,228 12,726 16,257 769 761 843 743 2,042 778
Rochester Highest Education 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2012 MOE 2013 MOE 2014 MOE 2015 MOE 2016 MOE 2017 MOE
High School 35,574 36,267 36,814 37,252 37,068 38,142 1,531 1,606 1,608 1,551 4,402 1,664
Some College 23,311 23,598 23,924 24,433 25,015 23,883 1,582 1,379 1,303 1,260 3,193 1,391
Bachelor's Degree 19,235 18,873 18,955 18,421 18,534 21,040 1,145 898 835 766 2,387 877
Master's Degree 10,037 10,244 9,842 9,319 9,122 11,092 589 706 630 624 1,795 598
Syracuse Highest Education 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2012 MOE 2013 MOE 2014 MOE 2015 MOE 2016 MOE 2017 MOE
High School 22,648 22,971 22,844 22,880 22,824 24,776 1,148 1,265 1,138 1,152 3,114 1,146
Some College 15,113 15,009 15,086 15,451 16,586 12,578 1,071 1,011 943 972 2,186 1,040
Bachelor's Degree 12,106 11,873 11,645 12,099 12,698 11,949 649 666 772 741 1,620 627
Master's Degree 6,482 6,747 6,900 6,691 6,856 7,893 479 562 472 450 1,407 540

Labor Force Participation, 2011-17, Estimates
American Community Survey DP03
Name Variable 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Albany Total in Civilian Labor Force, employed 45,816 45,575 46,046 46,505 47,564 49,018
Albany Total in Civilian Labor Force 50,856 50,668 50,550 50,768 51,420 52,800
Albany Total in Civilian Labor Force, unemployed 5,040 5,093 4,504 4,263 3,856 3,782
Albany Total in labor force 50,933 50,745 50,626 50,839 51,517 52,800
Albany Total Not in Labor Force 31,833 32,316 32,404 32,554 32,027 28,649
Albany Total 82,766 83,061 83,030 83,393 83,544 81,449
Buffalo Total in Civilian Labor Force, employed 108,190 107,102 108,412 108,738 108,924 120,219
Buffalo Total in Civilian Labor Force 125,168 124,202 123,953 122,487 120,931 130,859
Buffalo Total in Civilian Labor Force, unemployed 16,978 17,100 15,541 13,749 12,007 10,640
Buffalo Total in Labor Force 125,270 124,262 123,996 122,566 121,021 130,859
Buffalo Total Not in Labor Force 82,411 83,224 83,498 84,304 85,156 77,256
Buffalo Total 207,681 207,486 207,494 206,870 206,177 208,115
Rochester Total in Civilian Labor Force, employed 87,776 87,294 86,813 87,750 89,105 93,241
Rochester Total in Civilian Labor Force 100,675 101,106 100,803 101,819 102,426 103,176
Rochester Total in Civilian Labor Force, unemployed 12,899 13,812 13,990 14,069 13,321 9,935
Rochester Total in Civilian Labor Force 100,742 101,195 100,862 101,861 102,448 103,176
Rochester Total Not in Labor Force 64,153 63,793 63,839 63,130 62,867 65,544
Rochester Total 164,895 164,988 64,701 164,991 165,315 168,720
Syracuse Total in Civilian Labor Force, employed 58,116 57,374 56,820 57,313 58,655 53,833
Syracuse Total in Civilian Labor Force 65,605 65,519 64,939 64,690 65,694 61,034
Syracuse Total in Civilian Labor Force, unemployed 7,489 8,145 8,119 7,377 7,039 7,201
Syracuse Total in labor force 65,709 65,627 65,044 64,800 65,785 61,061
Syracuse Total Not in Labor Force 49,682 49,684 50,149 50,561 50,306 54,139
Syracuse Total 115,391 115,311 115,193 115,361 116,091 115,200
Labor Force Participation, 2011-17, Margin of Error

American Community Survey DP03
MOE MOE MOE MOE MOE MOE

Name Variable
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Albany Total in Civilian Labor Force, employed 980 1,172 1,136 1,114 1,186 2,637
Albany Total in Civilian Labor Force 949 1,231 1,192 1,005 1,189 2,422
Albany Total in Civilian Labor Force, unemployed 585 574 552 477 445 902
Albany Total in Labor Force 948 1,224 1,191 1,001 1,173 2,422
Albany Total Not in Labor Force 1,000 1,121 1,032 1,036 1,183 2,394
Albany Total 601 575 676 571 675 1,600
Buffalo Total in Civilian Labor Force, employed 1,597 1,746 1,751 1,564 1,876 3,948
Buffalo Total in Civilian Labor Force, force 1,531 1,644 1,723 1,432 1,941 4,195
Buffalo Total in Civilian Labor Force, unemployed 1,008 1,072 891 804 770 1,765
Buffalo Total in labor force 1,539 1,637 1,720 1,432 1,950 4,195
Buffalo Total Not in Labor Force 1,512 1,733 1,593 1,468 1,981 4,169
Buffalo Total 1,138 1,199 1,099 1,006 1,132 2,985
Rochester Total in Civilian Labor Force, employed 1,522 1,249 1,471 1,348 1,327 3,005
Rochester Total in Civilian Labor Force, force 1,589 1,361 1,542 1,385 1,346 3,306
Rochester Total in Civilian Labor Force, unemployed 724 833 674 753 701 1,658
Rochester Total in labor force 1,589 1,368 1,550 1,383 1,343 3,306
Rochester Total Not in Labor Force 1,530 1,491 1,368 1,429 1,323 3,144
Rochester Total 928 1,011 880 904 906 2,468
Syracuse Total in Civilian Labor Force, employed 1,086 1,344 1,039 1,034 1,083 2,416
Syracuse Total in Civilian Labor Force, force 1,082 1,298 1,116 1,077 1,076 2,486
Syracuse Total in Civilian Labor Force, unemployed 532 473 577 543 480 1,109
Syracuse Total in labor force 1,088 1,301 1,125 1,066 1,073 2,491
Syracuse Total Not in Labor Force 1,155 1,240 1,066 956 1,023 2,555
Syracuse Total 746 788 726 674 761 1,750

Labor Force Participation, Syracuse, 2011-17, Percent Change
Change Change Change Change Change Change Change
2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2011-17
Total 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% -1% 0%
Total in Civilian Labor Force, employed -2% -1% -1% 1% 2% -8% -9%
Total in Civilian Labor Force -1% 0% -1% 0% 2% -7% -8%
Total in Civilian Labor Force, unemployed 9% 9% 0% -9% -5% 2% 5%
Total in labor force -1% 0% -1% 0% 2% -7% -8%
Total not in Labor Force 2% 0% 1% 1% -1% 8% 11%
Industry by Occupation for the Civilian Employed Population 16 Years and Older, 2011-17
American Community Survey, C24050
Name 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Albany -
Estimate, Total 45,816 45,575 46,046 46,505 47,564 -

Estimate, Total, Management, business, science, and arts occupations 18,109 17,860 18,308 18,229 18,697 -
Estimate, Total, Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations 1,684 1,866 1,942 2,038 2,123 -
Estimate, Total, Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 3,183 3,063 3,131 2,933 3,245 -
Estimate, Total, Sales and office occupations 12,138 12,203 11,926 12,063 12,043 -
Estimate, Total, Service occupations 10,702 10,583 10,739 11,242 11,456 -
Buffalo
Estimate, Total 108,190 107,102 108,412 108,738 108,924 120,219

Estimate, Total, Management, business, science, and arts occupations 34,127 35,190 35,509 35,914 40,073
34,445
Estimate, Total, Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations 5,630 5,793 5,737 5,782 5,693 6,978
Estimate, Total, Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 14,843 14,190 14,045 13,792 13,759 15,229
Estimate, Total, Sales and office occupations 26,896 26,579 26,644 26,323 27,023 28,622
Estimate, Total, Service occupations 26,376 26,413 26,796 27,332 26,535 29,317
Rochester
Estimate, Total 87,776 87,294 86,813 87,750 89,105 93,241

Estimate, Total, Management, business, science, and arts occupations 29,696 29,810 29,051 28,661 29,434 33,280
Syracuse
Estimate, Total 58,116 57,374 56,820 57,313 58,655 53,833

Estimate, Total, Management, business, science, and arts occupations 20,085 20,243 19,738 19,984 20,816 18,041

Work Status in the Last 12 Months
American Community Survey, 2011-17, S2303
Percent Total Percent Percent

Total, Age Total Working Total working
Name Year working Not Not working
16 to 64 35+ Hours part time
35+ Hours Working Working part time
Syracuse 2017 98,204 41,474 42% 33,634 34% 23,096 24%
Syracuse 2016 98,938 44,056 45% 32,481 33% 22,401 23%
Syracuse 2015 99,022 43,583 44% 33,348 34% 22,091 22%
Syracuse 2014 99,388 44,029 44% 33,593 34% 21,766 22%
Syracuse 2013 99,718 45,471 46% 32,209 32% 22,037 22%
Syracuse 2012 99,850 46,530 47% 30,954 31% 22,366 22%
Syracuse 2011 99,973 48,487 49% 28,992 29% 22,493 22%
Albany 2017 68,223 36,687 54% 15,581 23% 15,954 23%

Albany 2016 71,459 37,886 53% 18,289 26% 15,283 21%
Albany 2015 71,214 36,978 52% 18,543 26% 15,692 22%
Albany 2014 71,072 36,531 51% 18,408 26% 16,133 23%
Albany 2013 70,977 36,482 51% 17,886 25% 16,608 23%
Albany 2012 70,920 37,304 53% 17,304 24% 16,311 23%
Albany 2011 70,565 37,752 54% 16,089 23% 16,723 24%
Rochester 2017 144,075 74,202 52% 41,822 29% 28,050 19%

Rochester 2016 143,995 71,209 49% 44,564 31% 28,222 20%
Rochester 2015 144,372 70,202 49% 45,895 32% 28,275 20%
Rochester 2014 144,209 69,653 48% 46,580 32% 27,976 19%
Rochester 2013 144,587 69,980 48% 45,979 32% 28,628 20%
Rochester 2012 144,808 70,956 49% 45,325 31% 28,527 20%
Rochester 2011 145,222 72,175 50% 45,600 31% 27,446 19%
Buffalo 2017 177,151 92,358 52% 49,400 28% 35,392 20%

Buffalo 2016 175,026 85,032 49% 54,433 31% 35,561 20%
Buffalo 2015 176,166 85,210 48% 55,774 32% 35,182 20%
Buffalo 2014 176,892 85,439 48% 56,252 32% 35,201 20%
Buffalo 2013 176,783 85,033 48% 56,217 32% 35,533 20%
Buffalo 2012 177,282 86,159 49% 54,603 31% 36,520 21%
Buffalo 2011 177,506 87,333 49% 53,784 30% 36,388 20%

Means of Transportation to Work by Vehicles Available, 2011-17
Estimate, Estimate, Estimate,

Estimate, Total, Public Total, Public Total, Public
Estimate, Estimate,
Estimate, Total, Total, Public transportation transportation transportation
Estimate, No Vehicles Total, 1 Total, 3 or
Name 2 vehicles transportation (excluding (excluding (excluding
Total Available vehicle more vehicles
available (excluding taxicab), taxicab), 2 taxicab), 3 or
available available
taxicab) 1 vehicle vehicles more vehicles
available available available
Albany 307,983 46,362 108,910 108,678 44,033 41,154 12,134 4,627 1,805
2011 43,096 6,231 15,629 14,613 6,623 5,631 1,956 590 290
2012 43,183 6,533 15,006 14,891 6,753 5,552 1,541 587 358
2013 42,900 6,232 14,911 14,636 7,121 5,170 1,521 463 310
2014 43,518 6,258 15,900 15,270 6,090 5,644 1,741 667 226
2015 44,078 6,615 15,950 15,482 6,031 6,287 1,945 808 183
2016 45,234 6,559 17,088 15,438 6,149 6,283 2,081 735 136
2017 45,974 7,934 14,426 18,348 5,266 6,587 1,349 777 302
Buffalo 732,791 102,017 286,909 247,701 96,164 88,428 24,794 9,659 2,728
2011 102,812 14,519 40,641 34,374 13,278 13,173 3,320 1,725 433
2012 102,704 14,373 40,006 34,431 13,894 13,008 3,287 1,750 461
2013 101,757 14,097 40,225 33,255 14,180 12,170 3,403 1,457 366
2014 103,205 14,384 40,735 34,689 13,397 12,023 3,467 1,317 300
2015 104,184 14,595 41,109 34,965 13,515 12,057 3,693 1,112 379
2016 104,036 14,583 40,339 35,250 13,864 11,853 3,556 973 404
2017 114,093 15,466 43,854 40,737 14,036 14,144 4,068 1,325 385
Rochester 590,035 69,440 225,523 209,156 85,916 46,833 13,213 4,920 1,941
2011 83,375 10,009 30,479 30,160 12,727 6,731 1,701 538 314
2012 83,702 10,470 30,889 30,195 12,148 6,402 1,555 567 297
2013 83,129 10,321 32,134 29,212 11,462 6,417 1,530 618 254
2014 82,646 9,662 32,304 29,219 11,461 6,747 1,769 888 290
2015 83,142 9,693 33,048 28,477 11,924 7,320 2,131 889 328
2016 84,632 9,396 32,796 29,797 12,643 7,734 2,247 993 378
2017 89,409 9,889 33,873 32,096 13,551 5,482 2,280 427 80
Syracuse 371,116 51,814 142,752 128,072 48,478 31,491 8,599 2,957 724
2011 54,785 7,513 20,209 19,539 7,524 4,380 1,134 368 86
2012 53,518 7,126 20,653 18,313 7,426 4,536 1,370 389 133
2013 52,944 6,926 20,463 18,063 7,492 4,080 1,206 381 99
2014 52,607 7,205 20,696 17,867 6,839 4,309 1,294 445 101
2015 53,031 7,658 20,699 18,158 6,516 4,738 1,371 474 102
2016 54,299 7,803 21,230 18,175 7,091 4,972 1,336 480 128
2017 49,932 7,583 18,802 17,957 5,590 4,476 888 420 75
Percent of Households with No Vehicle Available, 2011-17

Name 2011 2012 2013 2014 2014 2016 2017
Albany 14.5% 15.1% 14.5% 14.4% 15.0% 14.5% 17.3%

Buffalo 14.1% 14.0% 13.9% 13.9% 14.0% 14.0% 13.6%
Rochester 12.0% 12.5% 12.4% 11.7% 11.7% 11.1% 11.1%
Syracuse 13.7% 13.3% 13.1% 13.7% 14.4% 14.4% 15.2%

Presence and Types of Internet Subscriptions in Household, 2017
Albany Buffalo Rochester Syracuse

Total: 39,646 110,678 90,303 54,062
With an Internet subscription 32,044 88,545 68,766 37,717

Dial-up with no other type of Internet subscription 79 266 251 156
Broadband of any type 31,965 88,279 68,515 37,561
Cellular data plan 26,136 78,981 58,066 31,597
Cellular data plan with no other type of Internet subscription 4,050 20,357 12,595 6,573
Broadband such as cable, fiber optic or DSL 27,211 66,337 53,375 30,459
Broadband such as cable, fiber optic or DSL with no other type of Internet subscription 5,399 8,003 9,972 5,619
Satellite Internet service 1,029 3,874 2,311 1,204
Satellite Internet service with no other type of Internet subscription 169 320 60 164
Other service with no other type of Internet subscription 0 0 121 0
Internet access without a subscription 1,652 3,174 3,119 3,314
No Internet access 5,950 18,959 18,418 13,031
Percent No Internet Access 15.0% 17.1% 20.4% 24.1%
Presence of Internet and a Computer

Subscription in Household, 2017
With a
No No internet
Name Total broadband
computer Access
subscription
Albany 5,418 7,137 172,384 78,907
Buffalo 15,360 20,884 479,058 215,757
Rochester 16,693 21,123 386,166 164,535
Syracuse 13,280 14,572 242,235 93,640
Labor Force Participation, Syracuse, 2011-17, Estimates

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Total 115,056 115,391 115,311 115,193 115,361 116,091 115,200
Total in Civilian Labor Force, employed 59,226 58,116 57,374 56,820 57,313 58,655 53,833
Total in Civilian Labor Force 66,074 65,605 65,519 64,939 64,690 65,694 61,034
Total in Civilian Labor Force, unemployed 6,848 7,489 8,145 8,119 7,377 7,039 7,201
Total in labor force 66,216 65,709 65,627 65,044 64,800 65,785 61,061
Total not in Labor Force 48,840 49,682 49,684 50,149 50,561 50,306 54,139
Work Status in the Past 12 Months, Syracuse, 2011-17, Percent Change
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Total, Age 16 to 64 99,973 99,850 99,718 99,388 99,022 99,022 98,204
Total Working 35+ Hours 48,487 46,530 45,471 44,029 43,583 43,583 41,474
Percent working 35+ Hours 49% 47% 46% 44% 44% 44% 42%
Total Not Working 28,992 30,954 32,209 33,593 33,348 33,348 33,634
Percent Not Working 29% 31% 32% 34% 34% 34% 34%
Total working part time 22,493 22,366 22,037 21,766 22,091 22,091 23,096
Percent working part time 22% 22% 22% 22% 22% 22% 24%

Below The Line - City of Syracuse Poverty Analysis - November 2018

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Below The Line - City of Syracuse Poverty Analysis - November 2018

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BELOW

INTRODUCTION....................................... 3 WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION................ 11-12

+ Labor force participation

ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY................... 4-7

+ Poverty by race + Occupation

+ Median household income and ALICE

+ Percent Receiving Social Security Income + Households by number of vehicles available

+ Percent living in same home one year ago INTERNET ACCESS................................. 14

+ Gross Rent as a Percent of Household + Access to broadband, wireless, or DSL

EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES..................... 10 CONCLUSION...............15

+ Third Grade ELA Proficiency

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 2

Behind the stark and alarming • Transportation

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 3

Poverty by Race, Syracuse, 2011−17

Estimates, Total Population under Poverty in past 12 months

MOE, MOE MOE MOE MOE

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 4

Median Income by Race, 2011−17

ALBANY BUFFALO ROCHESTER SYRACUSE

RACE All Black Hispanic/Latino White, non−Hispanic/Latino

Median Income by Race, 2011-17, Syracuse

All $31,689 $31,459 $31,365 $31,566 $31,881 $32,704 $35,568

Percent Change, Median income by Race, 2011-17, Syracuse

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 5

62% were below the ALICE basic affordability

ranging between 60%-63%.

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 6

Receipt of Supplemental Security

2017 32,178 64% 20,574 4% 2017 54,062 31% 16,878 -1%

1 Based on information from table at left, B09010

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 7

Gross Rent as a Percent of Household

Syracuse Estimate MOE +/-

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 8

+ 34% of children 100%

time they were enrolled 50%

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 9

Rate of Students Proficient in ELA (Score 3) Grade 3

Education Attainment for the Population 25 years and older, 2017

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 10

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Labor Force Participation, Syracuse, 2011-17, Estimates

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 11

PERCENT NOT WORKING PERCENT WORKING 35+ HOURS

Work Status in the Past 12 Months, Syracuse, 2011-17

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 12

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 13

+ Over a third of all

in the labor force in 2017

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Rate of Population Not in Labor Force without a Computer in Home, 2013−17

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 14

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 15

RIE PARK BURNET

City of Syracuse | syrgov.net 17

MOE, MOE MOE MOE MOE

Estimates, Total Population under Poverty in past 12 months

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Estimates, Total Population under Poverty in past 12 months

Estimates, Total Population under Poverty in past 12 months