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14 Elements PSM

The 14 elements of Process Safety Management (PSM) are: 1) Employee Participation, 2) Process Safety Information, 3) Process Hazard Analysis, 4) Operating Procedures, 5) Training, 6) Contractors, 7) Pre-Startup Safety Review, 8) Mechanical Integrity, 9) Hot Work Permit, 10) Management of Change, 11) Incident Investigation, 12) Emergency Planning and Response, 13) Compliance Audits, and 14) Trade Secrets. These elements were established by OSHA to prevent catastrophic releases of highly hazardous chemicals and ensure worker safety at facilities handling toxic, flammable and reactive materials.

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Lenaldy Nuari Garnoko
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2K views4 pages

14 Elements PSM

The 14 elements of Process Safety Management (PSM) are: 1) Employee Participation, 2) Process Safety Information, 3) Process Hazard Analysis, 4) Operating Procedures, 5) Training, 6) Contractors, 7) Pre-Startup Safety Review, 8) Mechanical Integrity, 9) Hot Work Permit, 10) Management of Change, 11) Incident Investigation, 12) Emergency Planning and Response, 13) Compliance Audits, and 14) Trade Secrets. These elements were established by OSHA to prevent catastrophic releases of highly hazardous chemicals and ensure worker safety at facilities handling toxic, flammable and reactive materials.

Uploaded by

Lenaldy Nuari Garnoko
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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14 elements PSM

1. Employee Participation

2. Process Safety Information

3. Process Hazard Analysis

4. Operating Procedures

5. Training

6. Contractors

7. Pre-Startup Safety Review

8. Mechanical Integrity

9. Hot Work Permit

10. Management of Change

11. Incident Investigation

12. Emergency Planning and Response

13. Compliance Audits

14. Trade Secrets

1. Employee Participation

Perhaps one of the most important mandates, the employee participation clause requires that
employees—including production and maintenance staff—be involved in every aspect of the
PSM programs at their respective worksites. They must also be represented at the meetings
where PSM-related issues are discussed. OSHA requires employee participation to be followed
as written, so employers should create formal plans.
2. Process Safety Information

According to OSHA’s PSM mandates, “The employer shall complete a compilation of written
process safety information before conducting any process safety hazard analysis required by the
standard.” In other words, all workers should be able to access and understand the technical data
regarding the HHC-related risks they face on the job.

3. Process Hazard Analysis

One of the most technical elements of PSM, Process Hazard Analysis requires that engineers and
maintenance leaders analyze the consequences of safety failures. These analyses must be
conducted in teams, and each team must include one person who is “knowledgeable in the
specific process hazard methodology being used.”

4. Operating Procedures

There are plenty of potential chemical hazards following turnarounds and emergency shutdowns.
OSHA inspectors want to see that companies have plans for keeping everyone safe as they start
back up.

5. Training

Workers who carry out processes involving highly hazardous chemicals need to be well-trained,
and their training should have been accomplished through a competent source, first-party or
otherwise. Their training also needs to be well-documented. Training management software
makes it much easier to track this.

6. Contractors

Regular employees and contractors alike must be well-informed of the hazards they face. Under
the PSM National Emphasis Program, “The employer shall inform contract employers of the
known potential fire, explosion or toxic release hazards related to the contractor’s work and the
process.”

7. Pre-Startup Safety Review

Are you reviewing your safety procedures every time a worksite starts back up? You should be.
OSHA expects employers to perform pre-startup safety reviews for both new and modified
facilities. This rule applies even if the procedural changes only affect a single component or
process.

8. Mechanical Integrity

Periodic, documented inspections are required for several systems, including:


 Pressure vessels
 Storage tanks
 Piping systems
 Ventilation systems

The employers or contractors conducting these inspections must not only be officially trained,
their testing procedures must follow “recognized and generally accepted good engineering
practices,” according to OSHA. In other words, your company must be able to explain WHY
your inspectors made their decisions.

9. Hot Work Permit

Every employer needs to issue permits to employees and contractors who weld or perform other
high-temperature work near covered processes. They also need to train their personnel to post
and file these permits when necessary.

10. Management of Change

Companies need standard procedures for managing changes to process chemicals, technology,
equipment and procedures. Each change also requires the following considerations:

 The technical basis for the change.


 The impact of the change on worker safety and health.
 Necessary modifications to operating procedures.
 The necessary time period for the change.
 Authorization requirements for the proposed change.

11. Incident Investigation

OSHA’s state standard calls for investigations for all incidents that result in—or could have
resulted in—a catastrophic highly hazardous chemical release. Because of that ambiguous
wording, cautious companies must keep every potential HHC-related scenario in mind.

12. Emergency Planning and Response

Even minor chemical releases can lead to major incidents. This element mandates employers to
create emergency plans for handling smaller HHC releases.

13. Compliance Audits

According to the PSM-NEP, “Employers shall certify that they have evaluated compliance with
the provisions of this section at least every three years to verify that the procedures and practices
developed under the standard are adequate and are being followed.” This element also requires
employers to retain at least their two most recent audit reports.

14. Trade Secrets


Until recently, some companies attempted to protect proprietary information by keeping process
details from their employees. To prevent this scenario and enhance worker safety, the “trade
secrets” element gives employees the right to know processes that may affect their health and
safety.

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