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Graph Theory: Basic Definitions-I

Graph theory is used to represent networks by replacing network elements with lines or curves. A graph shows the connections between elements without specifying their nature. A graph consists of nodes and edges. A directed graph assigns a direction to each branch. A complete graph connects every pair of nodes with one branch. A connected graph connects all nodes through at least one branch, while an unconnected graph has some isolated nodes. A subgraph contains a subset of the nodes and edges from the original graph.

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Bhavani Murugesan
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72 views

Graph Theory: Basic Definitions-I

Graph theory is used to represent networks by replacing network elements with lines or curves. A graph shows the connections between elements without specifying their nature. A graph consists of nodes and edges. A directed graph assigns a direction to each branch. A complete graph connects every pair of nodes with one branch. A connected graph connects all nodes through at least one branch, while an unconnected graph has some isolated nodes. A subgraph contains a subset of the nodes and edges from the original graph.

Uploaded by

Bhavani Murugesan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Graph Theory

Basic definitions-I

Introduction

Network topology deals with concepts involving inter connections in the networks,
rather than the actual nature of the elements.

Basic Definitions
(i) Graph: It is a representation of a network in which all network elements
are replaced with either a straight line/curved line/ dotted line.

While constructing a graph from the given network all passive elements
and the ideal voltage sources are replaced by short circuit, and all the
ideal current sources are replaced by open circuit.

Ex: A network and its related graph is shown in fig (a) and fig (b)

6 L
R

R C L
• •
5 4
1 7
V C R
2 3

figure(a)
6
• 5 4 •
•

1 2 3

figure(b)
Graph Theory

(ii) Directed graph: A graph in which each branch is assigned with a direction
is called a directed or oriented graph.
(iii) Complete graph (or) Standard graph: For a standard graph, between any
pair of nodes only one branch is connected for all combination.

15
1 6

2 4
3

Ex: The no. of edges in a complete graph with n - nodes is nC2.


n(n − 1)
⇒ = b.
2

(iv) Connected graph: In a connected graph all the nodes are connected by at
least one branch, other wise it is said to be unconnected.

Ex: • • • •
•
• • • •

(i) (ii)
Connected graph Unconnected graph

(v) Sub graph: It is a graph with less no. of branches as compared with the
original graph.
Ex: •

•
•
Sub graph

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