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This document discusses computer networks and provides answers to 4 questions related to networks: 1) It discusses the benefits and disadvantages of networks, mentioning areas like security and packet switching where networks are not beneficial. 2) It explains that network protocol negotiation involves one side proposing parameters and the other side accepting, rejecting, or counter proposing. 3) It states that data transfer between machines involves a sender, receiver, medium, message, and protocol. 4) It matches network layer functions like segmentation and error control to the appropriate OSI model layers.

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Yogesh Gandhi
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68 views3 pages

Sol 1

This document discusses computer networks and provides answers to 4 questions related to networks: 1) It discusses the benefits and disadvantages of networks, mentioning areas like security and packet switching where networks are not beneficial. 2) It explains that network protocol negotiation involves one side proposing parameters and the other side accepting, rejecting, or counter proposing. 3) It states that data transfer between machines involves a sender, receiver, medium, message, and protocol. 4) It matches network layer functions like segmentation and error control to the appropriate OSI model layers.

Uploaded by

Yogesh Gandhi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CSE-306 -Computer Networks

HomeWork 1

1. Networks provide the benefits to the user. Is there any area where
networks are not beneficial?
Ans:-Networking plays very important role in every field of technology.
Networks has

many uses in today’s computing as:

1.Peripheral such as printers can be shared among different users.

2.Terminate are cheaper than standalone PC’s.

3.Softwares can be shared among different users.

4.Communication area network is cheap and fast.

Although we have many uses of networks but still there are few areas
where networking

is not beneficial. Some of these areas are:

1.WAN(Wide Area Network) are vulnerable to hackers and viruses.

2.Security of PC is decreased by considerable range.

3.Disadvantages of PACKET SWITCHING:- One of the main disadvantage of


packet switching is that extra processing power needed because in each
network node packets are buffered then making a computer routing
protocol.

2. What does negotiation mean while discussing network protocols?. Give


example.
Ans:- Negotiating in network means whenever one host sends signal to
another host, means

one side send a message and another side accept it.

In connection oriented system, when a connection is established the sender


and reciever and

subnet conduct negotiation about parameters to be used such a maximum


size, quality of service

and other users.


Typically one side makes a proposal and other side accept it, reject it or
make a counter proposal.

Example:- whenever we are calling to other person then he has choice to


adopt one call or reject

Call he can accept one proposal or reject one proposal.

3. Data Transfer between 2 machines takes place in which Fashion?


Ans:- 1.SENDER:- The sender is that which sends any message to another
host.

2.RECIEVER:- Reciever is that who accept data from sender. In other words it
is second host.

MEDIUM:- Medium means the communication medium between two hosts.


This means it provides path for the propagation of our signal.

MESSAGE:- This may be signal line of data(collection of lines).

PROTOCOL:- Protocol provides HTTP(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol). It also


includes set of rules or layer for transfer of data.

4. Match the following functions with different layers of OSI model.(with


reason)
a) Segmentation:- This is quite similar to DATA LINK LAYER because
data link layer also provide the breaking of data in packets of same
bits.
b) Provide security:- Presentation layer is used for error detection.
c) Error control:- PRESENTATION LAYER is used for error detection.
d) Syntax and semantic:- PRESENTATION LAYER control the data by
providing syntax and semantics.
e) Multiplexing:- Multiplexing means control of Input signals by
providing single output. Layers used for multiplexing are TRASPORT
PHYSICAL LAYER.

2. If the unit at the data link layer means a frame and the unit at the network
level is packet. Do frames encapsulate packets or packets encapsulate
frames?
Ans:- We know data link layer is used for the breaking of data in packets of
same size or we can say frames of particular bit size.

But these frames include set of many small packets. So we can say frames
includes packets or frames encapsulates there packets.

3. Find out the kinds of networks used in the campus. Describe them on
following aspects network type, topologies and the kind of transmission
media?
Ans:- Generally we use Local Area Network for any campus, the range of
LAN is from 10m to

1km.
The topologies and transmission medium used for LAN are given below:

For LAN we use both the topologies 1.Physical topology 2.Logical topology.

1.PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY:- It is further divided into three parts.

a) POINT TO POINT:- Mean line connection or we can say end to end


connection.

b) BUS:- In bus topology we use single but through which all the hosts are
connected.

c) STAR:- In star topology each network host is connected to a central hub.


Means all the signals

passed from one host to another host by going through a central hub.

LOGICAL TOPOLOGY:- The logical topology is for contract to the physical


topology. Mean it provides the way that the data passes through the network
from one device to the next without regard to the physical interconnection of the
devices.

TRANSMISSION MEDIUM USED FOR LAN:- The transmission medium mean which
is used to transmit

The data from one device to another device by connecting to each other in
network. There are two types of media that are used to transmit the data from
one host to another host.

1.Wired:- It consists of three type of cables.

a)Twisted pair

b)Coaxial cables

c)Fibre optics

2. Wireless:- In wireless network any physical cable is not used but there are
some infrared waves like RF signals are used to send the data from one device to
another.

4. Is an oil pipeline a simplex, half duplex or full duplex or none of the above
system?
Ans:- In oil pipelining we use simplex mode for transformation, because in
simplex mode we can send signal or anything from one side only.

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