79

POLLUTION IN THE OPEN

REPORTS AND STUDIES
OCEANS: A REVIEW OF
ASSESSMENTS AND
RELATED STUDIES

United Nations Intergovernmental
UN UNEP FAO Educational, Scientific and
UNESCO
Cultural Organisation
IOC
Oceanographic
Commission
UNIDO WMO IMO IAEA
!"#$%
&'( ()*+,-.(/%(01(023/%"45(6"25(7"1%/%#/18("9(%:$7/0;/<$2($=:$4#%(
1">/10#$2(65(#?$(+:"1%"4/18(,8$17/$%(@A-BC(D,BC(E!*+FBG
ABFC(E!AHBC(I-BC(A,*,C(E!C(E!*.J'(A#%(:4/17/:0;(#0%K(/%(#"(
:4"3/2$(%7/$1#/9/7(023/7$(7"17$41/18(#?$(:4$3$1#/"1C(4$2L7#/"1(
012(7"1#4";("9(#?$(2$84020#/"1("9(#?$(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#(#"(#?$(
+:"1%"4/18(,8$17/$%'
M'( (N?/%(%#L25(/%(030/;06;$(/1(*18;/%?("1;5(94">(015("9(#?$(
+:"1%"4/18(,8$17/$%'
O'( (N?$(4$:"4#(7"1#0/1%(3/$P%($=:4$%%$2("4($12"4%$2(65(>$>6$4%(
"9()*+,-.(P?"(07#(/1(#?$/4(/12/3/2L0;(70:07/#/$%Q(#?$/4(3/$P%(
>05(1"#(1$7$%%04/;5(7"44$%:"12(P/#?(#?"%$("9(#?$(+:"1%"4/18(
,8$17/$%'
R'( (.$4>/%%/"1(>05(6$(8401#$2(65(015("9(#?$(+:"1%"4/18(,8$17/$%(
9"4(#?$(4$:"4#(#"(6$(P?";;5("4(:04#/0;;5(4$:4"2L7$2(/1(:L6;/70#/"1(
65(015(/12/3/2L0;(P?"(/%(1"#(0(%#099(>$>6$4("9(0(+:"1%"4/18(
,8$175("9()*+,-.C(:4"3/2$2(#?0#(#?$(%"L47$("9(#?$($=#407#(012(
#?$(7"12/#/"1(>$1#/"1$2(/1(O(06"3$(04$(/12/70#$2'
S'( (A19"4>0#/"1(06"L#()*+,-.(012(/#%(4$:"4#%(012(%#L2/$%(701(6$(
9"L12(0#T(?##:TUUPPP'8$%0>:'"48

F"3$4(:?"#"T(V(,%?;$5(F"":$4U+#/;;(./7#L4$%

A+W!T(XYZGXMGZ[YGMXX\GM(
]"6(!"'T(H*IU&&O[U!,
ABFUA!DG&MMZ
A++!T(&[M[GRZYO

V(E!C(E!*.C(D,BC(E!*+FBGABFC(I-BC(E!AHBC(A-BC(A,*,(M[[X

D"4(6/6;/"840:?/7(:L4:"%$%(#?/%(2"7L>$1#(%?"L;2(6$(7/#$2(0%T(
)*+,-.(@A-BUD,BUE!*+FBGABFUE!AHBUI-BUA,*,UE!U
UNEP and IOC-UNESCO
E!*.(]"/1#()4"L:("9(*=:$4#%("1(#?$(+7/$1#/9/7(,%:$7#%("9( promote environmentally sound
-04/1$(*13/4"1>$1#0;(.4"#$7#/"1J'(M[[X'((.";;L#/"1(/1(#?$(B:$1( practices globally and in their own activities.
B7$01T(,(4$3/$P("9(0%%$%%>$1#%(012(4$;0#$2(%#L2/$%'(^$:'(+#L2'( This publication is printed on chlorine free,
)*+,-.(!"'(YXC(\R(::' acid free paper made of wood pulp from
sustainably managed forests. Our distribution policy
aims to reduce our carbon footprint.
 79
REPORTS AND STUDIES
!"#$%&#$'()*+#,!#+$-"#$'(!.#$!&)&$'($'()/

POLLUTION IN THE OPEN

OCEAN: A REVIEW OF
ASSESSMENTS AND
RELATED STUDIES
August 2009

UNEP and UNESCO-IOC, 2009

United Nations Intergovernmental
Educational, Scientific and Oceanographic
Cultural Organisation Commission
+#(2)(2*

.4$907$ ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' S

)3)+'2!4)$*'""&56$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$7$8

9$ !(25#.'+2!#( 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 9:
&'&( W07K84"L12' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &M
&'M(( N$4>%("9(^$9$4$17$( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &M
&'O( N$0>(F">:"%/#/"1( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &M
&'R( -$$#/18% ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &M
&'S( .L4:"%$("9(#?$(^$:"4#' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &M

:$ *+#/);$&//5#&+<$=$5)>&2).$+#(*!.)5&2!#(* 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 9?
M'&( )$"840:?/7(012(#?$>0#/7( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &O
M'M( ,10;5%/%("9(:L6;/70#/"1%( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &S
M'M'&( N$>:;0#$%(' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &S
M'M'M( BL#:L#% ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &S
M'O( ^$;0#$2(7"1%/2$40#/"1% ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &S
M'O'&( N?$(10#L4$(012(%7":$("9(0%%$%%>$1#%( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &S
M'O'M( N?$(0%%$%%>$1#(;012%70:$(9"4(#?$(":$1("7$01% ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &\
M'O'O( A2$1#/95/18(80:%(/1(/19"4>0#/"1 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &Y
M'O'R( W$%#(:407#/7$ ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &Y

?$ *'""&56$#%$)4&>'&2!#(* 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 9@
O'&( .0%#();"60;(-04/1$(,%%$%%>$1#%(' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &X
O'M( ,#>"%:?$4/7(A1:L#% ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' M[
O'M'&(( )$1$40;(A1#4"2L7#/"1( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' M[
O'M'M( `$035(-$#0;%( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' M[
O'M'O( aBF%(@a";0#/;$(B4801/7(F">:"L12%J' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' MR
O'M'R( F046"1(H/"=/2$C(+L;9L4(H/"=/2$(012(!/#4"8$1(B=/2$%' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' M\
O'M'S( !L#4/$1#%(' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' MZ
O'M'\( .B.%C(.WN%C(FDF%(' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' O&
O'O( +?/:G60%$2(7"1#0>/10#/"1' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' OO
O'O'&( +$P08$ ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' OO
O'O'M( F?$>/70;(+:/;;%(' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' OR
O'O'O( B/;(94">(%:/;;%C(":$40#/"10;(2/%7?048$%(012(%?/:P4$7K%( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' OR
O'O'R( *=?0L%#(*>/%%/"1%T(.";5757;/7(,4">0#/7(`524"7046"1%(@.,`%J('('('('('('('('('('('('('('('('('('('('('('('('('(OY
O'O'S( !0#L40;(B/;(+$$:%( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' OZ
O'R( !"/%$( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' OX
O'S( -04/1$(2$64/%( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' R[
O'\( W0;;0%#(I0#$4( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' R&
O'Y( B99G%?"4$(*=:;"40#/"1(012(.4"2L7#/"1 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' RM
O'Z(( HL>:/18(94">(a$%%$;%( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' RO

A$ "&22)5*$#%$*/)+!&>$+#(+)5($%#5$2<)$5)B'>&5$/5#+)** 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 AC
R'&(( ^$7">>$120#/"1%(9"4(-"1/#"4/18(A1:L#%(#"(#?$(B:$1(B7$01( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' RS
R'M( F046"1(F0:#L4$(012(+#"408$(@FF+J(/1(#?$(B:$1("7$01%( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' RS

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(111
C$$ +#(+>'*!#(*$ 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 A8
S'&( ,%%$%%>$1#(;012%70:$(9"4(#?$("7$01%( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' R\
S'M( ^$;$3017$("9(#?$(4$:"4#( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' R\
S'O( +#0#L%("9(K1"P;$28$ ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' R\
S'R( ,2$bL075("9(K1"P;$28$( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' R\
S'S( E%$("9(#$>:;0#$%(9"4($30;L0#/18(0%%$%%>$1#(;/#$40#L4$( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' R\
S'\( )0:%(/1(/19"4>0#/"1' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' RY
S'Y( W$%#(:407#/7$' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' RY
S'Z( H$9/1/#/"1("9(0%%$%%>$1# ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' RY
S'X(( -0##$4%("9(%:$7/0;(7"17$41( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' RY

&(()3$9E$2&*F$2)&"$")"G)5*<!/$ 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 AH

&(()3$:E$5)%)5)(+)* 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 A@

&(()3$?E$G!G>!#B5&/<!)*7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 CC

>!*2$#%$%!B'5)*
&'( (N?$(2$;/1$0#/"1(012(%L6G2/3/%/"1("9(#?$(":$1("7$01C(0%(2$9/1$2(65(#?$()*+,-.(N0%K(N$0> ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &O
M'( ( ?018$(/1(0#>"%:?$4/7(012("7$01/7(;$02(7"17$1#40#/"1%(94">(#?$(&XY[%(#"(#?$(;0#$(&XX[%((
F
1$04(W$4>L20( MM
O'( (,::4"=/>0#$(;"70#/"1("9(:"#$1#/0;;5(:";;L#/18(%?/:P4$7K% ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' OY

>!*2$#%$2&G>)*
,'( !L>6$4%("9(^$:"4#%U+#L2/$%(4$3/$P$2( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &[
W'( B:$1("7$01(0%%$%%>$1#(;012%70:$("3$43/$P ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &&
&'( A13$1#"45("9(7"1#0>/101#%(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' &R
M'( !
( L>6$4("9(:0:$4%(@012(c("9(#"#0;J(#?0#(/17;L2$2(>$0%L4$>$1#%("9(#?$(/12/70#$2(>$#0;((
/1($07?(4$8/"1 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' M&
O'( -
( 04/1$(70;7/95/18("4801/%>%( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' MY
R'( A(1#$410#/"10;(>04/1$(>"1/#"4/18(:4"840>>$%(9"4(:$4%/%#$1#("4801/7(7">:"L12%(@.B.%J ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' O&
S'( (.B.%(012(.WN%(%$;$7#$2(65(#?$(*E(9"4(4$3/$P("9(#?$/4(4/%K(7;0%%/9/70#/"1%( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' OM
\'( (."#$1#/0;(B/;(.";;L#/"1(94">(+L1K$1(N01K%?/:%(012(!"1GN01K(a$%%$;%( ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' O\

1D$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
/5)%&+)

N?$( "4/8/10;( #$=#( "9( #?/%( 4$:"4#( P0%( :4$:04$2( 65( 0(

)*+,-.(N0%K(N$0>(7"13$1$2(/1(4$%:"1%$(#"(0(4$bL$%#(
94">(#P"(+:"1%"4/18(B4801/<0#/"1%("9()*+,-.(@E!*.(
012(ABF("9(E!*+FBJ(9"4(0(4$3/$P("9(030/;06;$(/19"4>0G
#/"1("1(:";;L#/"1("9(#?$(":$1("7$01%'(N?$(4$3/$P(7"1#4/6G
L#$2(#"(#?$(,%%$%%>$1#("9(,%%$%%>$1#%(@,",J(;0L17?$2(
65( #?$( E!( )$1$40;( ,%%$>6;5( @^$%";L#/"1( ,U\[UO[J( /1(
!"3$>6$4(M[[S'(N?$(,",(P0%(#?$(9/4%#(%#$:(/1(2$3$;":G
/18( 0( ^$8L;04( .4"7$%%( 9"4( 0%%$%%/18( #?$( %#0#$( "9( #?$(
>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#C(/17;L2/18(%"7/"G$7"1">/7(0%:$7#%'(
E!*.( 012( ABF( "9( E!*+FB( P$4$( 0::"/1#$2( #"( d"/1#;5(
;$02(#?$(,",'

N?$( 4$3/$P( P0%( %L6%#01#/0;;5( 7">:;$#$2( P/#?/1( 9"L4(

>"1#?%(012(%L6>/##$2(#"(#?$(,",(:4"7$%%(/1(-047?(M[[Z'(
+L6%$bL$1#;5C(0#(/#%(OS#?(%$%%/"1(/1(-05(M[[ZC()*+,-.(
4$bL$%#$2( #?0#( #?$( 4$3/$P( %?"L;2( 6$( 4$%#4L7#L4$2( 0%( 0(
4$:"4#( 9"4( :L6;/70#/"1( /1( /#%( ^$:"4#%( 012( +#L2/$%( %$4/$%'(
F">>$1#%( 012( %L88$%#/"1%( 94">( )*+,-.( -$>6$4%C(
0%(P$;;(0%(>$>6$4%("9(#?$()4"L:("9(*=:$4#%($%#06;/%?$2(
9"4(#?$(:L4:"%$%("9(#?$(,",C(P$4$(#0K$1(/1#"(077"L1#(/1(
:4$:04/18(#?$(:4$%$1#(2"7L>$1#'

A1( K$$:/18( P/#?( /#%( 4$3/$P( %#0#L%C( #?$( ;048$( 0>"L1#( "9(
4$9$4$17$(>0#$4/0;(0%%$>6;$2(9"4(#?$("4/8/10;(#0%K(?0%(
6$$1( :4$%$43$2( 012( %?"L;2( 9"4>( 0( 30;L06;$( 4$%"L47$(
9"4( 9L#L4$( 0%%$%%>$1#%( "9( #?$( ":$1( "7$01'(,:04#( 94">(
2"7L>$1#%(4$9$44$2(#"(/1(#$=#(012(;/%#$2(/1(#?$(7">:"%G
/#$(4$9$4$17$(;/%#C(0(#?$>0#/7(6/6;/"840:?5(:4"3/2$%(022/G
#/"10;( >0#$4/0;( 9"4( #?"%$( P/%?/18( #"( :L4%L$( :04#/7L;04(
#":/7%(/1(84$0#$4(2$#0/;'

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(C
)3)+'2!4)$*'""&56

&'( N
( ?/%( 4$:"4#( P0%( :4$:04$2( 0%( 0( 7"1#4/6L#/"1( #"( "9(#?$(%L6%#017$%(@0%(P$;;(0%(%?/:G8$1$40#$2(1"/%$J(
#?$( ,%%$%%>$1#( "9( ,%%$%%>$1#%( @,",J( %#04#GL:( 04$( K1"P1( 7"1#0>/101#%( /1( #?$( "7$01%( #?0#( ?03$(
:?0%$( 9"4( 0( !"# $%&'()*# +*,-%..# /,*# 01%# 2(,3)(# $/#?$4( 6$$1( %?"P1( #"( 70L%$( :";;L#/"1( @/'$'( ?04>9L;(
$%4,*056&# )67# 8..%..9%60# ,/# 01%# :0)0%# ,/# 01%# $99$7#%J("4(?03$(:"#$1#/0;(#"(2"(%"'(
;)*56%# <6=5*,69%60># 56-('756&# :,-5,?<-,6,95-#
8.4%-0.C(;0L17?$2(/1(M[[S'(A#(4$%:"12%(#"(0(4$bL$%#( \'( N
( ?$( ;/#$40#L4$( 4$3/$P$2( 2$0;%( :4$2">/101#;5( P/#?(
94">( #?$( )4"L:( "9( *=:$4#%C( $%#06;/%?$2( #"( 7"12L7#( %L6%#017$( QS1II1LMI;$ 1MXWJI$ VMT$ VS[1QMJ$ RLM,
#?$(,",C(9"4()*+,-.(#"($=0>/1$(#?$(0%%$%%>$1#( RQMJKVJ1LMI'( N0K/18( /1#"( 077"L1#( #?$( #/>$( 012(
;012%70:$(9"4(:";;L#/"1("9(#?$(":$1("7$01%(65(%?/:G $=:$4#/%$(030/;06;$C(/#(P0%(1"#(:"%%/6;$(#"(L12$4#0K$(
:/18(012(#?4"L8?(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$'(,(N0%K(N$0>(P0%( 0(2$#0/;$2(4$3/$P("9(#?$($99$7#%("9(%L6%#017$%(/1(#?$(
7"13$1$2(9"4(#?$(:L4:"%$' ":$1( "7$01'( N?$( ;/#$40#L4$( 4$8042/18( 7"1#0>/101#(
$99$7#%( /1( "7$01( $13/4"1>$1#%( /%( 65( 1"( >$01%(
M'( !
( "( 7"G"42/10#$2C( 7">:4$?$1%/3$( 0%%$%%>$1#%( "9( $=#$1%/3$'( !$3$4#?$;$%%C( 7"17/%$( 077"L1#%( "9( #?$(
#?$( %#0#$( "9( #?$( P"4;2e%( ":$1( "7$01%C( $/#?$4( 7";G K1"P1(6/";"8/70;(012("#?$4($99$7#%("9(#?$(%L6%#017$%(
;$7#/3$;5( "4( /12/3/2L0;;5C( ?03$( 6$$1( L12$4#0K$1( #"( 04$( /17;L2$2( /1( #?$( #?$>0#/7( %L>>04/$%( :4$%$1#$2(
20#$'( B1( #?$( "#?$4( ?012C( #?$4$( ?03$( 6$$1( %$3$40;( /1(F?0:#$4(O'
/>:"4#01#( #?$>0#/7( 0%%$%%>$1#%( "9( 7"1#0>/101#%(
/1(#?$(":$1("7$01'(,(1L>6$4("9(:0%#(0%%$%%>$1#%( Y'( N
( 06;$(,(;/%#%(#?$(1L>6$4("9(:L6;/70#/"1%(%$;$7#$2(9"4(
0224$%%$2( #?$( 8;"60;( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#( /1( /#%( 4$3/$P( 65( %L6%#017$( 012( "7$01( 60%/1'( A#( 0;%"( 2/%G
$1#/4$#5(6L#(#?$%$(9"7L%$2(;048$;5("1(#?$(%?$;9(012( #/18L/%?$%( 6$#P$$1( #?$( 2/99$4$1#( 9"4>%( "9( ;/#$40#L4$(
>048/10;( %$0%( P?$4$( #?$( >"%#( %$4/"L%( :4"6;$>%( 4$3/$P$2C( %?"P/18( #?$( %>0;;( 1L>6$4( "9( 0%%$%%G
P$4$( 6$;/$3$2( #"( "77L4( 012( P?/7?( P$4$( 7">:040G >$1#%(030/;06;$(/1(7">:04/%"1(#"(4$3/$P%(012(%7/$1G
#/3$;5(P$;;(%#L2/$2'(N?$(%0>$(:"%/#/"1($=/%#%(/1(#?$( #/9/7(:0:$4%'(D"4(%">$(%L6%#017$%C("1;5(0(9$P(:L6G
1044"P$4( 9/$;2( "9( :";;L#/"1( "9( #?$( "7$01%( #?4"L8?( ;/70#/"1%( P$4$( 010;5%$2( 65( >$01%( "9( #?$( #$>:;0#$(
%?/::/18(012(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$'( 2$3$;":$2( 9"4( #?$( ,%%$%%>$1#( "9( ,%%$%%>$1#%( "9(
P?/7?(#?/%(%#L25(/%(:04#'(N?$(#$>:;0#$(%#4L7#L4$(P0%(
O'( ,
( 77"42/18;5C( /1( 4$3/$P/18( #?$( :";;L#/"1( 0%%$%%G 1"#( /2$0;;5( %L/#$2( #"( #?$( $=0>/10#/"1( "9( #?$>0#/7(
>$1#( ;012%70:$( 9"4( #?$( ":$1( "7$01%C( #?$( 4$3/$PG ;/#$40#L4$("1(#?$(":$1("7$01%'(
$4%( $=#$12$2( #?$/4( ;/#$40#L4$( %$047?$%( #"( #?$>0#/7(
0%%$%%>$1#%( 012( 4$3/$P%C( 0%( P$;;( 0%( 4$%$047?( Z'( N
( ?$(0>"L1#("9(/19"4>0#/"1(030/;06;$("1(%L6%#017$%(
:0:$4%( "9( :04#/7L;04( 4$;$3017$( 012( />:"4#017$( #"( /1(#?$(":$1("7$01(304/$%(P/2$;5(012C(9"4(%">$(%L6G
01( L12$4%#012/18( "9( :";;L#/"1( /1( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( %#017$%C( #?$( 4$7"42( /%( $=#4$>$;5( :0#7?5( /1( %:07$C(
$13/4"1>$1#'( N?/%( 0::4"07?( 5/$;2$2( 0( %/81/9/701#( #/>$( "4( 6"#?'( N?$( ;/#$40#L4$( $=0>/1$2( 65( #?$( N0%K(
0>"L1#("9(K1"P;$28$("1(":$1("7$01($13/4"1>$1#%( N$0>( 9"7L%$%( :4$2">/101#;5( "1( #?$( bL01#/9/70#/"1(
4$;$301#(#"(0%%$%%>$1#%'( "9( $>/%%/"1%( 012( /1:L#%( $/#?$4( 65( 2/4$7#( >$0%L4$G
>$1#("4(#?4"L8?(L%$("9(>"2$;%(#"("6#0/1($%#/>0#$%'(
R'( N
( ?$( %70;$C( 304/06/;/#5( 012( 4$;0#/3$( 4$>"#$1$%%( "9( H$%:/#$( #?$( 4$;0#/3$( :0L7/#5( "9( 20#0( /1( 7">:04/%"1(
#?$(":$1("7$01%(>0K$%(#?$>(/1?$4$1#;5(2/99/7L;#(#"( #"( %?$;9( %$0( 04$0%C( 9"4( 0( 1L>6$4( "9( 7"1#0>/101#%(
%#L25'( ^$8L;04C( %#012042/%$2( 012( 8$"840:?/70;;5( #?$(L%$("9(>"2$;%(?0%(5/$;2$2(4$0;/%#/7($%#/>0#$%("9(
P/2$%:4$02(%0>:;/18(4$8/>$%C(0%(>/8?#(6$(7"1%/2G /1:L#%( 012( $=7?018$%( "3$4( ;048$( 04$0%( "9( "7$01'(
$4$2(9"4(0%%$%%>$1#(:L4:"%$%C(7"L;2(:4"3$(;"8/%#/G A1( %L7?( 70%$%C( VXXVKQMJ$ NVXI$ 1M$ 1MZLKSVJ1LM$ TL$
70;;5(7">:;$='(N?L%C(/#(/%(;"8/70;(#"($=0>/1$(#?$(%7/G MLJ$ MQRQIIVK1OP$ XKQROWTQ$ V$ NLLT$ WMTQKIJVMT,
$1#/9/7(4$7"42(/1(4$;0#/"1(#"(#?$(%#L25("9(7"1#0>/101#%( 1MN$LZ$JUQ$RWKKQMJ$QMD1KLMSQMJVO$I1NM1Z1RVMRQ$LZ$
012(4$;0#$2(:4"7$%%$%(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01(/1("42$4(#"( JUQ$ IW[IJVMRQI$ LM$ [KLVT$ JQSXLKVO$ VMT$ IXVJ1VO$
2$#$4>/1$(#?$(4$;$3017$(012(30;L$("9(#?/%(P"4K(9"4( IRVOQI'(
0%%$%%>$1#( "9( "7$01( ?$0;#?'( B)*&"/$ IJKLMNOP$
KQRLSSQMTI$ JUVJ$ JUQ$ KQNWOVK$ XKLRQII$ 1MROWTQ$ X'( ,
( #>"%:?$4/7( `$035( -$#0;( A1:L#%T( ,30/;06;$( $3/G
KQD1QYI$LZ$JUQ$Y1TQK$IR1QMJ1Z1R$O1JQKVJWKQ' 2$17$( :4"3/2$%( 1"( /12/70#/"1( #?0#( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4/7(
/1:L#("9(?$035(>$#0;%(?0%(:4"2L7$2(#"=/7($99$7#%(/1(
S'( N
( ?$(4$3/$P(/%(%#4L7#L4$2(04"L12(0(%$#("9(%L6%#017$%( ":$1( "7$01( 4$8/"1%'( N?$( 7"17$1#40#/"1%( "9( ?$035(
%$;$7#$2("1(#?$(60%/%("9(#?$/4(K1"P1(:4":$4#/$%(012( >$#0;%( @94">( 0;;( %"L47$%J( /1( ":$1( "7$01( P0#$4%(
%/81/9/7017$( 9"4( "7$01( $13/4"1>$1#%C( /17;L2/18( #?$( 04$(8$1$40;;5(;"P$4(#?01(7"17$1#40#/"1%(#?0#(P"L;2(
8""2%( 012( %$43/7$%( #?$5( :4"3/2$( 012( #?$/4( 4";$( /1( 6$( "9( 7"17$41( 9"4( >"%#( ?L>01( ?$0;#?( 012( "7$01(
8;"60;(757;$%($'8'("7$01U0#>"%:?$4$($=7?018$%'(,;;( />:07#( :L4:"%$%C( P/#?( #?$( $=7$:#/"1( "9( >$47L45(

8$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
 7"17$1#40#/"1%( /1( 9/%?( 7"1%L>$2( 65( ?L>01%'( D"4( 4$8/"1'(,( %#06/;/<0#/"1( "9( 0#>"%:?$4/7( FBM( 0#( RS[(
;$02C( 012( /1( %">$( 04$0%( 9"4( >$47L45( 012( 7"::$4C( g>";U>";(P"L;2(6$(7"1%/%#$1#(P/#?(#?/%(%09$8L042'(
#?$4$( /%( $3/2$17$( #?0#( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 2$:"%/#/"1( ?0%( 2UQKQ$1I$V$MQQT$ZLK$OLMN,JQKS;$NOL[VO;$IWIJV1MQT$
;$2(#"($;$30#$2(7"17$1#40#/"1%("9(#?$(%:$7/9/7(>$#0;( L[IQKDVJ1LMI$ LZ$ LRQVM1R$ +#:$ WXJV]Q;$ LRQVM$
/1( %">$( ":$1( "7$01( %L4907$( P0#$4%'( N?/%( /%( 1"#( VR1T1Z1RVJ1LM$VMT$SVK1MQ$QRLIPIJQSI7(,10;5#/70;(
#?$( 70%$( 9"4( #?$( "#?$4( >$#0;%'( -"%#( "9( #?$( 20#0( #$7?1/bL$%( 9"4( :`( 012( "#?$4( FBM( :040>$#$4%( /1(
030/;06;$( 04$( 94">( #?$( !"4#?( ,#;01#/7( B7$01'( N?$( %$0P0#$4(1$$2(#"(6$(/>:4"3$2(012(>02$(%L/#06;$(
+"L#?(.07/9/7(012(6"#?(#?$(!"4#?(012(+"L#?(A12/01( 9"4( 0L#"1">"L%( "6%$430#/"1( "1( 3";L1#045( "6%$43G
B7$01%(%L99$4(94">(01(0;>"%#(7">:;$#$(;07K("9(20#0( /18( %?/:%( "4( 6L"5%'( +L43$5%( 65( #?$( F"1#/1L"L%(
"1( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 7"17$1#40#/"1%( 012( 2$:"%/#/"1( "9( .;01K#"1( ^$7"42$4( @F.^J( %?"L;2( 6$( $=:012$2(
?$035(>$#0;%'(`"P$3$4C(%/17$(#?$(/>:07#("9(?$035( #"( #?$( 8;"60;( "7$01%'( -"4$( 4$%$047?( /%( 1$$2$2(
>$#0;(2$:"%/#/"1(#"(#?$("7$01(/%($=:$7#$2(#"(4$>0/1( "1( #?$( ;"18G#$4>( $99$7#%( "9( "7$01( 07/2/9/70#/"1( "1(
>/1/>0;C(P?/;$(0(7"1#/1L0#/"1("9(%7/$1#/9/7(%#L2/$%(/%( >04/1$( "4801/%>%( P/#?( 01( $>:?0%/%( "1( 70;7/95/18(
/>:"4#01#C(1"($=#$1%/3$(>"1/#"4/18(:4"840>(%$$>%( %:$7/$%'(N?$(7"1#4/6L#/"1(#"("7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(65(
1$7$%%045'( B1( #?$( "#?$4( ?012C( :04#/7L;04( $17"L4G #?$(022/#/"1("9(01#?4":"8$1/7(%L;:?L4(012(1/#4"8$1(
08$>$1#( %?"L;2( 6$( 8/3$1( #"( 022/#/"10;( %7/$1#/9/7( 7">:"L12%(4$bL/4$%(9L4#?$4(%#L25'
%#L2/$%(/1(#?$(A12/01(012(+"L#?(.07/9/7("7$01%'(N?$(
)*BN^,F*+(:4"d$7#(P/;;(7";;$7#(20#0("1(P"4;2P/2$( &M'( ,
( #>"%:?$4/7(!L#4/$1#(A1:L#%T(-015("9(#?$(1L#4/$1#%(
2/%#4/6L#/"1%("9(D$C(!C(.C(FLC(;$02(/%"#":$%C(f1C(F2C( 7"1%/2$4$2( @/4"1C( :?"%:?"4L%C( 7"60;#J( ?03$( 0#>"%G
-1C( 94">( #?$( %L4907$( #"( %$09;""4C( P/#?( #$7?1/bL$%( :?$4/7( /1:L#%( #"( #?$( "7$01( 2">/10#$2( 65( 10#L40;(
#?0#( %?"L;2( 0;;"P( 2$#$4>/10#/"1( "9( %"L47$%'( N?$%$( :4"7$%%$%C( >"%#;5( #401%:"4#( "9( >/1$40;( 2L%#( 94">(
P/;;(6$(L%$9L;(9"4(;0#$4(0%%$%%>$1#%' 2$%$4#(4$8/"1%'(A1:L#%("9(1/#4"8$1(012(</17(04$(>"4$(
%#4"18;5(/19;L$17$2(65(01#?4":"8$1/7(:4"7$%%$%C(6L#(
&['( ,
( #>"%:?$4/7( a";0#/;$( B4801/7( F">:"L12%( @aBF%J( "1;5(/1(#?$(70%$("9(1/#4"8$1(/%(#?$4$(0(>0d"4(:$4#L4G
A1:L#%T(N?$(20#0(04$(3$45(%:04%$("1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4/7( 60#/"1("9(#?$(10#L40;(757;$(012(:"#$1#/0;;5(%/81/9/701#(
#401%:"4#C( 7"17$1#40#/"1C( 012( 2$:"%/#/"1( "9( aBF%( />:07#("1(>04/1$($7"%5%#$>%Q(#?/%(/%($%:$7/0;;5(#?$(
94">(#?$(7"1#/1$1#%(#"(#?$("7$01(/1(0;;("7$01(60%/1%'( 70%$(/1(#?$(1L#4/$1#G2$:;$#$2C(%L6#4":/70;(";/8"#4":?G
W$%#($%#/>0#$%(04$(#?0#(0#>"%:?$4/7(2$:"%/#/"1(>05( /7(854$%("9(#?$(>0d"4("7$01(60%/1%'(I$(2"(1"#(?03$(
077"L1#(9"4(R(#"(\c("9(#?$(#"#0;(/1:L#("9(#?$(?$03/$4( 0(7;$04(L12$4%#012/18("9(#?$($99$7#%("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(
?524"7046"1%(@/'$'C("/;J(#"(#?$(8;"60;("7$01'(N?$(20#0( 1/#4"8$1( 2$:"%/#/"1( "1( :?5#":;01K#"1( 012( 1/#4"8$1(
04$( :04#/7L;04;5( %:04%$( 9"4( #?$%$( ?$03/$4( ?524"704G 9/=/18( "4801/%>%( /1( #?$( "7$01%'( !"( #4L$( 0%%$%%G
6"1%("3$4(0;;("7$01(60%/1%C(012(/174$0%$2(%7/$1#/9/7( >$1#%($=/%#(9"4(015("9(#?$(1L#4/$1#%(7"1%/2$4$2(012(
%#L2/$%( 04$( 4$bL/4$2( #"( $30;L0#$( #?$/4( />:"4#017$( 4$3/$P%( $=/%#( "1;5( 9"4( /4"1( 012( 1/#4"8$1'( N?$( "#?$4(
0%(%"L47$%(9"4("/;(/1(#?$(%$0'(N?$4$(/%(1"($3/2$17$( 1L#4/$1#%( 701( 6$( 0%%$%%$2( %";$;5( "1( #?$( 60%/%( "9(
#?0#( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#( "9( ;/8?#$4( aBF%( @$'8'C( %7/$1#/9/7(4$%$047?(:0:$4%'(H0#0(7"3$408$(/%(:0#7?5C(
FMGFY( ?524"7046"1%( 0%( P$;;( 0%( "#?$4( ;/8?#( "4801/7( P/#?( >"%#( 030/;06;$( 9"4( #?$( !"4#?(,#;01#/7( 012( 3$45(
%:$7/$%(%L7?(0%(0;2$?52$%C(K$#"1$%C(0;7"?";%C($#7'J( ;/##;$(9"4(015(1L#4/$1#(/1(#?$(+"L#?(.07/9/7(012(!"4#?(
#"( #?$( "7$01( /%( 70L%/18( 015( %$4/"L%( />:07#%C( 012( 012(+"L#?(A12/01(B7$01%'(N?$(06%$17$("9(20#0(9"4(
/1(907#(#?$("7$01(/%(0(1$#(%"L47$(9"4(%">$("9(#?$%$( #?$( !"4#?( A12/01( B7$01( /%( "9( :04#/7L;04( 7"17$41( 0%(
%L6%#017$%(9"L12(/1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$'(D"4(#?$(;/8?#$4( #?/%(4$8/"1(/%(;/K$;5(#"(6$(?$03/;5(/>:07#$2(65($>/%G
aBF%( 0( 7"1#/1L0#/"1( "9( %7/$1#/9/7( %#L2/$%( /%( />:"4G %/"1%(94">(#?$(%L44"L12/18(;012(>0%%$%'(B)*&"/$
#01#(/1(0;;(":$1("7$01(60%/1%C(6L#(0%(/1(#?$(70%$("9( RLMI1TQKI$JUVJ$SLM1JLK1MN$LZ$VJSLIXUQK1R$M1JKL,
?$035( >$#0;%( 1"( $=#$1%/3$( >"1/#"4/18( :4"840>( /%( NQM$1MXWJI$JL$JUQ$LRQVM;$VMT$JUQ1K$QZZQRJI;$Y1OO$[Q$
4$bL/4$2'( 1SXLKJVMJ$ZLK$JUQ$5QNWOVK$/KLRQII7$-$7?01/%>%(
9"4(%L7?(>"1/#"4/18(04$(7L44$1#;5(/102$bL0#$("4(1"1G
&&'( ,
( #>"%:?$4/7( F046"1( H/"=/2$C( +L;:?L4( H/"=/2$C( $=/%#$1#(/1(0;;("7$01(60%/1%'(
012( !/#4"8$1( B=/2$( A1:L#%E$ ,#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#%(
"9( 01#?4":"8$1/7( 7046"1( 2/"=/2$( @FBMJ( 012( #"( 0( &O'( ,
( #>"%:?$4/7( .$4%/%#$1#( B4801/7( .";;L#01#%( @.B.%C(
;$%%$4( $=#$1#( "9( %L;:?L4( 012( 1/#4"8$1( 7">:"L12%( .WN%C( FDF%^( A1:L#%T( .B.%( /1( #?$( 2$9/1/#/"1( "9(
:4">"#$("7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1'(B7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(/%( #?$( +#"7K?";>( F"13$1#/"1( @+FJ( @M[[&J( 04$( 6$/18(
0( #?4$0#( #"( 0( 2/3$4%$( 4018$( "9( >04/1$( "4801/%>%C( >$0%L4$2( /1( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( /1( 0( 1L>6$4( "9( /1#$4G
/1( :04#/7L;04( 70;7/95/18( %:$7/$%C( 012( #"( >04/1$( 10#/"10;( :4"840>%C( %">$( "9( P?/7?( ?03$( 0( 6$04G
$7"%5%#$>%'( B7$01( 07/2/9/70#/"1( /%( $=:$7#$2( #"( /18( "1( #?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#'( N?$( "4/8/10;( ;/%#(
%$3$4$;5(/>:07#(#4":/70;(7"40;(4$$9%(012(70;704$"L%( "9( &M( .B.%( @,;24/1C( F?;"4201$C( HHNC( H/$;24/1C(
<"":;01K#"1(/1(?/8?G;0#/#L2$(04$0%(65(#?$(>/22;$("9( *124/1C( `$:#07?;"4C( `$=07?;"4"6$1<$1$C( -/4$=C(
#?/%(7$1#L45'(N?$(I)WE(@)$4>01(,23/%"45(F"L17/;( N"=0:?$1$C( .FHH%C( .FHD%( 012( .FW%J( ?0%( %/17$(
"1();"60;(F?018$J(:4":"%$%(#?0#(%L4907$(P0#$4(:`( 6$$1($=:012$2(65(#?$(+F(#"(7"3$4(0(4018$("9(022/G
%?"L;2(1"#(24":(65(>"4$(#?01(['M(L1/#%(6$;"P(#?$( #/"10;(%L6%#017$%'(N?$4$(/%(;/##;$(>"1/#"4/18(20#0("1(
:4$G/12L%#4/0;(03$408$("9(Z'&Z(/1(015(;048$4("7$01( #?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#("9(.B.%(2/4$7#;5(#"(#?$(":$1(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(\
 "7$01%(012(015(0%%$%%>$1#(/1(#?$(9L#L4$(P"L;2(6$( >$#?"2";"85(012(4$%L;#%(>05(6$("9(4$;$3017$(9"4(0(
0;>"%#($1#/4$;5(2$:$12$1#("1(20#0(94">(#?$(4$8/"10;( 9L#L4$(^$8L;04(.4"7$%%'
%$0%'( B4801"7?;"4/1$( 4$%/2L$( 20#0( 4$:"4#$2( /1(
304/"L%("7$01G2P$;;/18(%:$7/$%C($'8'(#L10(012(7$#0G &\'( -
( "%#( 3)(().0# A)0%*( 4$%$047?( ?0%( 6$$1( 9"7L%$2( "1(
7$01%C( P$4$( 1"#( 7"1%/2$4$2( 9"4( #?/%( 4$3/$P( 0%( #?$( 7"0%#0;( P0#$4%( 2L$( #"( 7"17$41%( %L7?( 0%( /130%/3$(
4";$("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(#401%:"4#(/1(%L7?(6/"077L>L;0G 0;/$1( %:$7/$%( /1#4"2L7#/"1%( 012( #"=/7( 0;80;( 6;"">%'(
#/"1(/%(2/99/7L;#;(/9(1"#(/>:"%%/6;$;(#"(0%7$4#0/1' N?$4$( /%( 3$45( ;/##;$( /19"4>0#/"1( "1( #?$( />:07#%( "9(
":$1( "7$01( 60;;0%#( P0#$4( $=7?018$( 6L#( /#( /%( :$4G
&R'( B
( /;( A1:L#%E$ B/;( $1#$4%( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( 94">( 0( 304/G 7$/3$2( #"( 6$( 0( %09$( :407#/7$( 012( ?0%( 6$$1( 4$7">G
$#5( "9( 01#?4":"8$1/7( %"L47$%C( /17;L2/18( %:/;;%( 012( >$12$2(65(#?$(A1#$410#/"10;(-04/#/>$(B4801/<0#/"1(
":$40#/"10;(2/%7?048$%(94">(%?/:%C("99%?"4$($=:;"40G @A-BJ(9"4(4$2L7/18(/1#4"2L7#/"1%(/1(/1%?"4$(P0#$4%'(A#(
#/"1( 012( :4"2L7#/"1C( ;$0K08$( 94">( %L1K$1( 3$%%$;%C( %?"L;2(6$(1"#$2(#?0#(/1(#?$(1$04(9L#L4$("7$01G8"/18(
012(2$:"%/#/"1("9(?524"7046"1(7">:"1$1#%(@3";0#/;$( %?/:%(P/;;(?03$(#"(#4$0#(#?$/4(60;;0%#(P0#$4(:4/"4(#"(2/%G
"4801/7(7">:"L12%(012(:";5757;/7(04">0#/7(?524"G 7?048$'(+/>/;04;5C(#?$(/>:07#%("9(.%A)&%(2/%7?048$2(
7046"1%J( 94">( 7048"( #401%9$4%( 012( $=?0L%#( $>/%G 94">( %?/:%( /1( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( 701( 6$( 7"1%/2$4$2(
%/"1%'( A1( 022/#/"1C( #?$4$( /%( 0( 7"1#/1L0;( /1:L#( "9( "/;( 1$8;/8/6;$(2L$(#"(#?$(%>0;;(bL01#/#/$%(7L44$1#;5(6$/18(
94">( 10#L40;( %$$:%( /1( #?$( %$0( 6$2'( A1:L#%( "9( "/;( #"( 2/%7?048$2( 012( #?$( ?/8?( 2/;L#/"1( 40#$%( /1( #?$( ":$1(
#?$(":$1("7$01(?03$(6$$1(P$;;(%#L2/$2(/1(0(1L>6$4( "7$01'(
"9( /1#$410#/"10;( 012( 4$8/"10;( 0%%$%%>$1#%'( I?/;$(
#?$( 20#0( "1( "/;( %:/;;( /17/2$1#%( 012( ":$40#/"10;( 2/%G &Y'( N
( ?$4$( /%( 7"17$41( 4$8042/18( #?$( />:07#%( "9( 6,5.%(
7?048$%(04$(>"%#(077L40#$(012(7">:4$?$1%/3$(9"4( 8$1$40#$2( 94">( %?/::/18( 0%( P$;;( 0%( "99%?"4$( "/;(
!"4#?(,#;01#/7(012(!"4#?$0%#(.07/9/7(P0#$4%C("3$40;;( $=:;"40#/"1C( 24$28/18C( 9/%?/18C( %"104( 012( 1030;(
8;"60;( "4( $3$1( 4$8/"10;( 20#0( "1( #"#0;( "/;( /1:L#%( 04$( ":$40#/"1%( "1( >04/1$( %:$7/$%( 012( $7"%5%#$>%'(
2$$>$2(#"(6$(%L99/7/$1#;5(077L40#$(#"(2$3$;":(64"02( `"P$3$4C( 2$%:/#$( /174$0%$2( 4$%$047?( $99"4#%( #?$4$(
$%#/>0#$%(012(0%%$%%>$1#%'(A1(":$1("7$01(P0#$4%C( 4$>0/1( %/81/9/701#( /19"4>0#/"1( 80:%( 012( 0( >"4$(
"/;( /%( 4$02/;5( 2$8402$2( 012( 2/%:$4%$2( 012( 015( #?"4"L8?( 0%%$%%>$1#( "9( 1"/%$( ;$3$;%C( %"L47$%( 012(
/>:07#%(%L7?(0%(#?$("770%/"10;("/;/18("9(2/3/18(6/42%( />:07#%C(/17;L2/18(0(;"18(#$4>(>"1/#"4/18(:4"840>C(
"4(?524"7046"1(#0/1#/18("9(9/%?(#$12(#"(6$(%?"4#G#$4>( /%(4$7">>$12$2'
"4(;"70;/%$2'(N?$(2/;L#$2(012(2/%:$4%$2("/;(24":;$#%(
04$(L%L0;;5(4$02/;5(>$#06";/<$2(65(";$":?/;/7(>/74"G &Z'( A(1:L#%("9(-04/1$(_/##$4UH$64/%T(N?$4$(?03$(6$$1(1"(
"4801/%>%'( H$%:/#$( #?$( >015( :";/#/70;( 012( %"7/0;( 4$8/"10;("4(/1#$410#/"10;(0%%$%%>$1#%("9(9)*56%#(50?
/>:;/70#/"1%("9("/;(%:/;;%C(":$1("7$01(/17/2$1#%(8$1G 0%*B7%3*5.( /1( #?$( ":$1( "7$01%'( H$:"%/#%( "1( /%;012(
$40;;5( 74$0#$( 9$P$4( />:07#%( #?01( #?"%$( /1( /1%?"4$( %?"4$%C("9#$1(/1(4$>"#$(012(L1/1?06/#$2(04$0%C(:4"G
P0#$4%'( NP"( %/81/9/701#( 8;"60;( 0%%$%%>$1#%( "9( "/;( 3/2$( 8""2( /12/70#"4%( "9( "7$01G2$4/3$2( 2$64/%( %L7?(
/1:L#%( #"( #?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#( P$4$( 7"12L7#$2( 0%(9/%?/18(8$04(012(P0%#$(94">(3$%%$;%'(N?$5(0;%"(
/1(#?$(;0%#(2$702$(#?0#(/17;L2$2($%#/>0#$%("9(/1:L#%( %?"P(#?0#(:;0%#/7%C(/1(:04#/7L;04C(04$(#401%:"4#$2("3$4(
94">(%?/::/18()--57%60.'(W$##$4(7">:4$?$1%/3$(20#0( 7"1%/2$406;$(2/%#017$%(65("7$01(7L44$1#%'(D4">(#?$(
7";;$7#/"1( %5%#$>%( P"L;2( $1?017$( #?$( 077L4075( "9( $=#$1%/3$( ;/#$40#L4$( "1( >04/1$( 2$64/%C( /#( /%( K1"P1(
/1:L#( $%#/>0#$%( 012( #4$12%C( 012( P?/;$( 20#0( 80:%( #?0#( :;0%#/7( >0#$4/0;%( 012( 9/%?/18( 8$04( 04$( P/2$G
$=/%#C(/#(/%(:4"606;5(1"#(1$7$%%045(#"(7"12L7#(9L4#?$4( %:4$02(/1(#?$("7$01%(012(701(6$7">$(7"17$1#40#$2(
%#L2/$%( "1( #?$( />:07#%( "9( 3$%%$;( %:/;;%( /1( #?$( ":$1( /1(7$4#0/1(04$0%'(.4$G:4"2L7#/"1(:;0%#/7(:$;;$#%C(012(
"7$01'( 9408>$1#%("9(;048$4(:;0%#/7(/#$>%C(04$(:4"606;5(L6/bG
L/#"L%(/1(%$0P0#$4'(A>:07#%(04$($3/2$1#(6L#(#?$(4/%K%(
&S'( A(1:L#%("9(B#?$4(+?/:G60%$2(F"1#0>/101#%T(F?$>/70;( "9(P/2$4($13/4"1>$1#0;(20>08$( >05(6$(L12$4$%#/G
.45((.C( ":$40#/"10;# 75.-1)*&%.$ 012( 2/%7?048$%( 94">( >0#$2'(+5%#$>0#/7(%0>:;/18(0#(%#40#$8/7(>/2G"7$01(
"/;( $=:;"40#/"1( 012( :4"2L7#/"1$ 04$( 4$;0#/3$;5( 404$( ;"70#/"1%(/%(1$$2$2(#"(0%%$%%(#4$12%'(-$0%L4$%(#"(
$3$1#%( 012( ;/K$;5( #"( ?03$( ?/8?;5( ;"70;/<$2( />:07#%'( 4$2L7$(/1:L#%(?03$(6$$1(;048$;5(/81"4$2'
,;#?"L8?(#?$4$(04$(9$P(%#L2/$%("1(7?$>/70;(%:/;;%("4(
2/%7?048$%( /1( #?$( ":$1( "7$01C( 7L44$1#( /19"4>0#/"1( &X'( (B3$43/$P( "9( 7L44$1#( K1"P;$28$( 012( 70:06/;/#/$%T(
/12/70#$%( #?$%$( #"( 6$( >/1"4( %"L47$%( "9( 7"1#0>/10G N06;$( W( 8/3$%( 01( "3$43/$P( "9( #?$( 4$;0#/3$( %#4$18#?%(
#/"1'(A1(#?$(9L#L4$C(7";;$7#/"1("9(20#0("1(7"1#0>/101#( 012(P$0K1$%%$%("9(7L44$1#(%7/$1#/9/7(K1"P;$28$(012(
4$;$0%$%(94">(%?/:%(%?"L;2C(P?$4$(:"%%/6;$C(/17;L2$( 70:06/;/#/$%C(9"4($07?("9(#?$(%L6%#017$%(@"4(%L6%#017$(
20#0( "1( 7?$>/70;( /17/2$1#%'( A>:07#%( "9( :04#/7L;0#$( #5:$%J( 4$3/$P$2C( /1( #?$( 7"1#$=#( "9( /13$%#/80#/"1%( "9(
>0##$4(2$4/3$2(94">(.154#%@1)'.0#%95..5,6.(/17;L2$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#0;( 7"12/#/"1%'( N?$( #06;$( %?"L;2(
:"#$1#/0;( ?L>01( ?$0;#?( />:07#%C( 4$2L7$2( 3/%/6/;/#5( 1"#(6$(L%$2(#"(2$#$4>/1$(:4/"4/#/$%'(N?$(40#/18%(4$9;$7#(
012($99$7#%("1(7;/>0#/7(:4"7$%%$%'(N?4$$(>0/1(%#L2G 0( >L;#/2/%7/:;/1045( 7"1%$1%L%( 3/$P( 60%$2( "1( #?$(
/$%("9(%?/:($>/%%/"1%(0;;(0224$%%(:04#/7L;0#$(>0##$4( $=:$4/$17$(012(dL28$>$1#("9(N0%K(N$0>(>$>6$4%'(
0%( :04#( "9( #?$/4( $%#/>0#/"1%C( 012( %/17$( #?$%$( 6L/;2( A#(/%(7;$04(#?0#(ZLK$SLIJ$IW[IJVMRQI;$TQIX1JQ$IULKJ,
"1( 20#060%$%( #?0#( 04$( 7"1#/1L"L%;5( L:20#$2C( #?$/4(

H$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
 RLS1MNI$ 1M$ IWRU$ Z1QOTI$ VI$ TVJV$ RLDQKVNQ;$ TVJV$ 0%%$%%>$1#%( "9( ":$1( "7$01( $13/4"1>$1#%C( /#( P0%(
_WVO1JP;$ IVSXO1MN$ KQN1SQI$ VMT$ SQJULTLOLN1QI;$ 1"#(:"%%/6;$(#"(2$4/3$(>$01/189L;(4$7">>$120#/"1%(
JUQ$RWKKQMJ$IJVJQ,LZ,JUQ,VKJ$1I$NQMQKVOOP$IWZZ1R1QMJ;$ "1(#?$(2$%/81(012(7"12L7#("9(0(4$8L;04(:4"7$%%(9"4(
VOJULWNU$MLJ$MQRQIIVK1OP$LXJ1SVO;$ZLK$XWKXLIQI$LZ$ "7$01(0%%$%%>$1#'(!$3$4#?$;$%%C(/#(P/;;(6$(0::04$1#(
NOL[VO$LRQVM$VIIQIISQMJI'( #?0#( %#L2/$%( "9( ":$1( "7$01( $13/4"1>$1#%C( 012( #?$(
7">:;$=(:4"7$%%$%(%L7?(0%(0/4G%$0($=7?018$%(#?0#(
M['( (N?$(0%%$%%>$1#("9(7"1#0>/10#/"1(/%(84$0#;5(907/;/#0#G 099$7#( #?$>C( 4$bL/4$( %:$7/0;/<$2( $=:$4#/%$( 012( #?0#(
$2(/1(#?$(70%$("9(%L6%#017$%(9"4(P?/7?(#?$($13/4"1G "7$01(0%%$%%>$1#%(>/8?#(6$%#(6$(077">:;/%?$2(65(
>$1#0;($99$7#%(@"4(:"#$1#/0;($99$7#%J(04$(P$;;(L12$4G %7/$1#/9/7(/1%#/#L#/"1%(#?0#(>0/1#0/1(%L7?($=:$4#/%$'(
%#""2(012(9"4(P?/7?(#?$4$(04$(%L99/7/$1#(4$;/06;$(20#0(
#"( %?"P( #?0#( /1:L#%( 012U"4( 0>6/$1#( 7"17$1#40#/"1%( MR'( .
( 4/"4/#5(/%%L$%T(-0##$4%("9(:04#/7L;04(4$;$3017$(#"(#?$(
04$( #5:/70;;5( P$;;( 6$;"P( K1"P1( $99$7#( ;$3$;%'( N?/%( ?$0;#?("9(#?$(":$1("7$01%(04$(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#%("9(
P0%( 0( >0d"4( 7"1%/2$40#/"1( /1( 0%%/81/18( #?$( ,=%*)((# 1/#4"8$1(012(FBM(012(#?$/4(:"%%/6;$(4";$%(/1(07/2/9/G
4,.505,6(40#/18%(8/3$1(/1(N06;$(W' 70#/"1(012($7"%5%#$>(9L17#/"1'(N?$(4$8L;04(:4"7$%%(
%?"L;2(0;%"(#0K$(:04#/7L;04(077"L1#("9(2$3$;":>$1#%(
M&'( !
( $$2( 9"4( 01( />:4"3$2( 2$9/1/#/"1( "9( )..%..9%60T( A1( /1(#?$(9/$;2("9(7046"1(70:#L4$(012(%#"408$(@FF+J(/1(
#?$(3/$P("9(#?$(N0%K(N$0>C(TQZ1M1J1LMI$LZ$`SVK1MQ$ #?$(":$1("7$01(0%(P$;;(0%(#?$(:4":"%$2(L%$("9(/4"1(
QMD1KLMSQMJVO^$ !""#""$#%&$ XKLXLIQT$ JL$ TVJQ$ 012(1/#4"8$1(#"(9$4#/;/<$(#?$("7$01%C(P/#?(#?$(/1#$1G
VKQ$MLJ$IWZZ1R1QMJOP$IXQR1Z1R$$/#?$4(#"($30;L0#$(:0%#( #/"1( "9( %#/>L;0#/18( 0;80;( 84"P#?( 012( 240P/18( 2"P1(
0%%$%%>$1#%( "4( #"( 2$%/81( 9L#L4$( 0%%$%%>$1#%'( ,( FBM(94">(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$'
7;$04$4(012(>"4$(7">:;$#$(2$9/1/#/"1("9(0%%$%%>$1#(
P"L;2( ?03$( 0%%/%#$2( #?$( :4$%$1#( 4$3/$P( "9( :4$3/G
"L%( %#L2/$%( 012( :L6;/70#/"1%'( ,( >"4$( %0#/%907#"45(
2$9/1/#/"1( P"L;2( 7;$04;5( /2$1#/95( #?$( :L4:"%$C( %70;$(
012(#/>$G940>$("9(01(0%%$%%>$1#(/1("42$4(#"(8L/2$C(
012(":#/>/<$(#?$(6$1$9/#(94">C(#?$(%7/$17$("1(P?/7?(
0%%$%%>$1#%(2$:$12'(

MM'( (A2$1#/95/18(80:%(/1(/19"4>0#/"1T(,(7;$04$4(2$9/1/#/"1("9(
01(0%%$%%>$1#(P"L;2(0;%"(?$;:(/1(/2$1#/95/18(80:%(
/1( /19"4>0#/"1( 7"17$41/18( :04#/7L;04( %L6%#017$%(
012( #":/7%'(,;#?"L8?( 0%%$%%>$1#%( 0/>( #"( 2$%74/6$(
7L44$1#( 7"12/#/"1%C( 012( #?$( $=#$1#( #"( P?/7?( #?$5(
7"1%#/#L#$( ?0<042%( "4( 4/%K%( #"( #?$( $13/4"1>$1#( 012(
?L>01(%"7/$#5C(/#(>05(1"#(6$(1$7$%%045(#"(2$%74/6$(
/1( 2$#0/;( 0;;( 7?018$%( 012( $99$7#%( 0%%"7/0#$2( P/#?(
:04#/7L;04(:407#/7$%("4(%L6%#017$%(/1(0;;(:04#%("9(#?$(
04$0( #"( 6$( 0%%$%%$2'( N?$( %/81/9/7017$( "9( 01( /19"4G
>0#/"1( 2$9/7/#C( 40#?$4( #?01( #?$( 2$9/7/#( /#%$;9C( /%( #?$(
K$5( /%%L$'( N06;$( W( /12/70#$%( #?0#( JUQ$ VIIQIISQMJ$
LZ$ IW[IJVMRQI$ 1M$ JUQ$ LXQM$ LRQVM$ 1I$ MLJ$ VOYVPI$
RK1J1RVOOP$UVSXQKQT$[P$XLLK$JQSXLKVO$LK$IXVJ1VO$
TVJV$RLDQKVNQ'(

MO'( A(2$1#/95/18( 3%.0# 4*)-05-%T( ,1( "6d$7#/3$( "9( #?$(

,%%$%%>$1#("9(,%%$%%>$1#%(@,",J(P0%(#"($30;L0#$(
#?$( :407#/7$%( 0::;/$2( /1( 7"12L7#/18( 0%%$%%>$1#%(
012(#"(2$#$4>/1$(P?0#(:407#/7$%(>/8?#(6$(7"1%/2$4$2(
h6$%#(:407#/7$%e(9"4(:L4:"%$%("9(#?$(4$8L;04(:4"7$%%'(
N?$(N0%K(N$0>(0%%L>$2(#?0#(#?$(h:407#/7$%e(4$9$44$2(
#"(P$4$(#?"%$(L%$2(/1(2409#/18(01(0%%$%%>$1#(4$:"4#(
$'8'( %51#?$%/%( 012( 010;5%/%( "9( %7/$1#/9/7( 012( %"7/"G
$7"1">/7( /19"4>0#/"1C( 0%( P$;;( 0%( :4"7$2L4$%( L%$2(
/1(%$;$7#/18(:4/"4/#5(/%%L$%(012(2$#$4>/1012%C(40#?$4(
#?01( #?$( >$#?"2";"8/$%( L%$2( /1( 07bL/4/18( %7/$1G
#/9/7( 20#0( $'8'( %0>:;/18C( >$0%L4$>$1#C( %#0#/%#/70;(
2$%/81( 012( %"( 9"4#?'( ,%( 3$45( 9$P( "9( #?$( :L6;/70G
#/"1%( 4$3/$P$2( P$4$( 2$%/81$2( 0%( 7">:4$?$1%/3$(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(@
2V[OQ$&7$(WS[QKI$LZ$5QXLKJIb*JWT1QI$KQD1QYQT$c

Topic Ocean Sector Res. Templates

NA SA NP SP NI SI Global Assessments Reviews Papers completed

Ocean acidification 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 12 0 7 4

CO2 and SO2 from Ships 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 15 1 13 3

Atm. N 13 7 7 2 2 2 6 0 7 23 10

Atm. Fe, P, Co 22 11 10 3 3 2 8 0 9 41 18

Atm. Zn 10 4 2 2 2 1 0 0 0 16 9

Debris 3 3 7 3 2 3 11 0 4 25 13

Heavy metals 28 13 10 3 1 2 8 0 4 46 50

VOCs 7 2 6 3 7 5 8 2 0 26 28

Ship-based inputs
- Operational discharges 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 3

- Oilspills 2 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 0 1 4

- Chemical spills 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1

- Heavy 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 1 1 4

- PAH 2 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 0 1 4

- NOx 0 0 1 1 0 0 8 1 0 9 3

- VOCs 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 1 3

Shipwrecks 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 0 1 1

Offshore E & P 3 0 0 0 0 0 5 3 1 1 5

Noise 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 7 3 4

Natural seeps 2 0 0 0 0 0 5 3 1 1 5

NA- North Atlantic Ocean; SA- South Atlantic Ocean; NP- North Pacific Ocean; SP- South Pacific Ocean; NI- North Indian Ocean; SI- South Indian Ocean
* Where several substances are addressed in the same report, a template may be recorded more than once in this table.

9a$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
2V[OQ$G7$#XQM$LRQVM$VIIQIISQMJ$OVMTIRVXQ$LDQKD1QY

Geographic coverage a
Data Data Sampling Adequacy of Knowledge Overall
Topic Extent Adequacy reliability b relevance c regularity d methodology e of effects f position g

CO2 (inputs) XX XX XXX XXX XX XX XX XX

SO2 X X X X X X XX XX

Heavy metals
X XX XX XX X XXX XXX XX
- Hg

- Pb, As, Cd, Ni, Cu X X XX X X XX XXX XX

VOCs X X XX X X XX XXX XX

Debris X XXX XX XXX X X XXX XXX

Nutrients
XX XX XXX XXX XX XXX XX XX
-N

- Fe, Co, P XX XX XXX X XX XX XX XX

- Zn X X XXX X X XX XXX XXX

Noise X X XXX X X XX XX X

Oil
- spills from ships XXX XXX XX XXX XX XX XXX XXX

- op. discharges XX XX XX XX X XX XXX XX

- exploration and production XX XX XX XX XX XX XXX XX

- shipwrecks XXX XXX XXX XX X XX XXX XXX

- natural seeps XXX XXX XXX XX X XX XXX XXX

- PAHs (exhaust) X X X X X X XXX XX

Chemical, spills X X X X X X XXX XX

Chemical, expl. and prod. XX XX XX XX XX XX XXX XX

Sewage X XXX XX XXX X XXX XXX XXX

Ballast water X XXX XX XX X XX XX XXX

Dumping of waste XX XXX XX XXX - - XXX XXX

POPs and PBTs X X XX XX X XXX XXX XX

CFCs XX XX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX

Rating scheme: Good: XXX; Moderate: XX; Poor: X

a Geographic coverage: Relates a) to the relative distributions of existing information across the 6 ocean basins (Chapter 1) and b) to the adequacy of this coverage
for purposes of regular assessments (levels, impacts, significance) of the substances concerned in the open ocean.
b Data reliability: An estimate of the relative accuracy and precision of data published in peer-reviewed scientific literature.
c Data relevance: An evaluation of the utility and value of the data for purposes of assessing ocean health.
d Sampling regularity: A determination of the adequacy of sampling regimes (frequency, timing, sample replicates etc.) used to date for purposes of decadal
assessments of status &trends.
e Adequacy of methodology: An indication of the suitability of currently available methodologies (sampling, analysis, data processing, evaluation and interpretation
etc.), for generating data needed for assessment purposes i.e. the requirement for research and development.
f Knowledge of effects: The general level of scientific understanding with regard to the effects of a substance on marine life, marine ecosystems and human
health.
g Overall position: An indication of the current state-of-the-art with regard to investigating the substances (and related processes) in the open ocean and thus the
potential for use of these capabilities (and data products) for ocean assessment purposes.

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(99
9$ !(25#.'+2!#(

979$GVR]NKLWMT
N?$(4$3/$P(%?"L;2T
A1( !"3$>6$4( M[[SC( E!),( @E!( )$1$40;( ,%%$>6;5J(
^$%";L#/"1(,U\[UO[( ;0L17?$2( #?$(%#04#GL:( :?0%$C( "4(#?$(
'&( D
( "7L%( "1( >04/1$( :";;L#/"1C( /17;L2/18( %?/:G60%$2(
,%%$%%>$1#( "9(,%%$%%>$1#%( @,",JC( "9( #?$( E!( ^$8L;04(
:";;L#/"1(012(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#%C(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01(
.4"7$%%( 9"4( #?$( 8;"60;( 4$:"4#/18( 012( 0%%$%%>$1#( "9(
@4$9$4(#"(+$7#/"1(MJQ
#?$( %#0#$( "9( #?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#C( /17;L2/18( %"7/"G
$7"1">/7( 0%:$7#%'( _0#$4C( /1( H$7$>6$4( M[[\C( #?$( \&%#(
%$%%/"1("9(#?$(E!()$1$40;(,%%$>6;5(L48$2(#?$(,2(`"7( ('M( A(17;L2$(01(010;5%/%("9(7L44$1#(0%%$%%>$1#%C(4$3/$P%C(
+#$$4/18( )4"L:( #"( 7">:;$#$( #?$( ,",( P/#?/1( #P"( 5$04%'( %51#?$%$%( 012( %#L2/$%C( 0%( 030/;06;$'( N?$( 010;5%/%(
N?$( E1/#$2( !0#/"1%( *13/4"1>$1#( .4"840>>$( @E!*.J( P/;;(0224$%%C(/1(:04#/7L;04C(7"3$408$(012(80:%(@8$"G
012( A1#$48"3$41>$1#0;( B7$01"840:?/7( F">>/%%/"1( 840:?/70;;5(012(#?$>0#/70;;5J(012("3$40;;(4$;$3017$(
@ABFJ( "9( #?$( E1/#$2( !0#/"1%( *2L70#/"10;C( +7/$1#/9/7( 012( #"(#?$(4$8L;04(:4"7$%%'
FL;#L40;( B4801/<0#/"1( @E!*+FBJ( P$4$( 0::"/1#$2( #"(
d"/1#;5(;$02(#?$(,",'( 'O( ,
( 2?$4$(#"(#?$($=#$1#(:"%%/6;$(#"(#?$(>$#?"2";"8/70;(
8L/2$;/1$%(012(#/>$G;/1$($%#06;/%?$2(65(#?$()"*Q
A1( -047?( M[[YC( 0( )4"L:( "9( *=:$4#%( @)"*J( 9"4( #?$(,",(
P0%(7"13$1$2(9"4(/#%(9/4%#(>$$#/18C(?03/18(6$$1(%$;$7#$2( ('R( A(1( 7">:;$#/18( /#%( 010;5%/%( "9( #?$( 0%%$%%>$1#( ;012G
012(0::4"3$2(65(#?$(,2(`"7(+#$$4/18()4"L:'(HL4/18(#?/%( %70:$C( #?$( N$0>( %?"L;2( 0##$>:#( #"( %L>>04/%$( /#%(
>$$#/18C( 01( "3$40;;( P"4K/18( 0::4"07?( 9"4( #?$(,",( P0%( 9/12/18%("1(01("7$01(60%/1(60%/%C(#0K/18(/1#"(077"L1#(
2/%7L%%$2(012(2$3$;":$2'(N?$()"*(0;%"(2$3$;":$2(01( 74/#$4/0(2$3$;":$2(65(#?$()4"L:("9(*=:$4#%'
011"#0#$2("L#;/1$("9(#?$(,",C(0(P"4K(:;01(012(#/>$#06;$C(
0%(P$;;(0%(#$>:;0#$%(#"(6$(L%$2(/1(#?$(010;5%/%("9(/12/G
3/2L0;(>04/1$(0%%$%%>$1#%' 97?$2QVS$+LSXLI1J1LM
A1( 077"42017$( P/#?( /#%( >0120#$C( #?$( )*+,-.( N0%K(
N?$(,",(7"1%#/#L#$2(0(#?"4"L8?(4$3/$P("9(#?$(0%%$%%>$1#( N$0>(7">:4/%$2($=:$4#%("1(%?/:G60%$2(:";;L#/"1C(0#>"G
;012%70:$( 9"4( "7$01%( 012( 7"0%#%'( A#( $30;L0#$2( :4$3/"L%( %:?$4/7( /1:L#%( "9( :";;L#01#%( 012( 1L#4/$1#%( #"( #?$( ":$1(
0%%$%%>$1#%(0#(10#/"10;(4$8/"10;(012(8;"60;(;$3$;%(/1(01( "7$01C( >04/1$( $7"#"=/7";"85( 012( 7?$>/70;( ?0<042%'(
0##$>:#(#"(2/%#/;(6$%#(:407#/7$%(012(%L88$%#(0(940>$P"4K( ,%(:04#("9(#?$(70:07/#5(6L/;2/18($99"4#%("9()*+,-.C(#?$(
9"4(#?$(E!(^$8L;04(.4"7$%%'(D"4(#?/%(:L4:"%$C(#?$(P"4;2( N$0>(0;%"(/17;L2$2(0(dL1/"4(%7/$1#/%#(#"($=0>/1$(0%:$7#%(
P0%(2/3/2$2(/1#"(M&(4$8/"1%(#?0#(P$4$(0224$%%$2(/12/3/2LG "9(%?/:G60%$2(:";;L#/"1'(
0;;5(65(#?$()"*'(A1(022/#/"1C(0(1L>6$4("9(%L:40G4$8/"10;(
/%%L$%(P$4$(/2$1#/9/$2(@9/%?$4/$%C(%?/::/18C($#7'J' N?$(N0%K(N$0>(>$>6$4%(04$(;/%#$2(/1(,11$=(&'

A1( +$:#$>6$4( M[[YC( )*+,-.( 4$7$/3$2( 0( 4$bL$%#( 94">(

#?$(;$02(08$17/$%(#"(7"1#4/6L#$(#"(#?$(,",C(65(7"12L7#G 97A$"QQJ1MNI
/18( )# .4%-5/5-# *%=5%A# ,/# %@5.056&# &(,3)(# )67# *%&5,6)(# N?$( N$0>( P0%( 7"13$1$2( 9"4( #P"( >$$#/18%( 012( "1$(
9)*56%#)..%..9%60.#*%()0%7#0,#9)*56%#4,(('05,6>#56-('7? #$;$:?"1$(7"19$4$17$(@&(D$64L045(M[[ZJ'(HL4/18(#?$(9/4%#(
56&# .154?3).%7# 4,(('05,6# )67# )09,.41%*5-# 564'0.# 0,# 01%# >$$#/18C( ?$;2( 0#( A-BC( _"12"1C( &SG&Y( !"3$>6$4( M[[YC(
,-%)6C# )*+,-.( 4$%:"12$2( :"%/#/3$;5( #"( #?/%( 4$bL$%#( #?$( N$4>%( "9( ^$9$4$17$C( %7":$( 012( >$#?"2";"85( P$4$(
012( $%#06;/%?$2( 0( N0%K( N$0>( #"( 0224$%%( #?/%( /%%L$'( 2/%7L%%$2(012(#0%K%(2/%#4/6L#$2(P/#?/1(#?$(N$0>'
,( 7">:4$?$1%/3$( 4$:"4#( P0%( %L6>/##$2( #"( #?$( )"*( /1(
,:4/;( M[[Z'( +L6%$bL$1#;5( )*+,-.( 084$$2( #?0#( #?$( N?$(%$7"12(>$$#/18(P0%(?$;2(/1(-$%70;$4"C(!-C(E+,C(
4$:"4#( %?"L;2( 6$( :L6;/%?$2( 0%( :04#( "9( /#%( ^$:"4#%( 012( MRGMZ(D$64L045(M[[ZC(2L4/18(P?/7?(#?$(9/10;(2409#("9(#?$(
+#L2/$%(%$4/$%'(,77"42/18;5C(#?$(:4$%$1#(4$:"4#(/%(60%$2( 4$:"4#(P0%(%L6%#01#/0;;5(7">:;$#$2'
%L6%#01#/0;;5("1(#?$(,:4/;(M[[Z(4$:"4#(#0K/18(/1#"(077"L1#(
0>$12>$1#%( :4":"%$2( 65( 6"#?( )*+,-.( 012( N0%K(
N$0>(>$>6$4%' 97C$/WKXLIQ$LZ$JUQ$5QXLKJ
N?$( 4$:"4#( 0/>%( #"( :4"3/2$( 01( "3$43/$P( "9( #?$( 0%%$%%G
97:$2QKSI$LZ$5QZQKQMRQ >$1#( ;012%70:$( 9"4( :";;L#/"1( "9( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( 3/0(
%?/::/18(012(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(@/'$'(7"1#0>/101#(/1:L#%(/1(
D";;"P/18( 2/%7L%%/"1%( 65( )*+,-.( >$>6$4%C( #?$( ;$02( :04#/7L;04J(/17;L2/18(0(74/#/70;(4$3/$P("9(#?$(8$"840:?/70;(
08$17/$%(012(#?$()4"L:("9(*=:$4#%("9(#?$(,",C(0%(P$;;( 012(#?$>0#/7(7"3$408$("9("L4(7L44$1#(K1"P;$28$(012(#?$(
0%(#?$()*+,-.(N0%K(N$0>C(#?$(9";;"P/18(#$4>%("9(4$9$4G 10#L4$(012(%/81/9/7017$("9(/19"4>0#/"1(80:%'
$17$(P$4$(2$3$;":$2(9"4(#?/%(#0%KT

9:$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
:$ *+#/);$&//5#&+<$=$5)>&2).$+#(*!.)5&2!#(*

:79$BQLNKVXU1R$VMT$JUQSVJ1R A1( 7"1%/2$4/18( /#%( >0120#$C( #?$(N0%K(N$0>( 084$$2( #?0#(

/#%( ;/#$40#L4$( %$047?$%( %?"L;2( 1"#( 6$( ;/>/#$2( #"( h3*,)7#
,#(/#%(9/4%#(>$$#/18(#?$()*+,-.(N0%K(N$0>(4$7"81/<$2(
)..%..9%60.e( "9( "7$01/7( 4$8/"1%C( 0%( #?$%$( ?03$( 404$;5(
#?$( />:"4#017$( "9( ?03/18( 0( 7;$04( 2$9/1/#/"1( "9( #?$( 8$"G
6$$1( 7"12L7#$2C( 6L#( %?"L;2( 6$( $=#$12$2( #"( 0;;( 4$;/06;$(
840:?/7(%7":$("9(/#%(P"4K'(A#(P0%(2$7/2$2(#?0#(#?$(h":$1(
%"L47$%( "9( /19"4>0#/"1( 4$;$301#( #"( :";;L#/"1( "9( #?$( ":$1(
"7$01e( %?"L;2( /17;L2$( "7$01( 04$0%( P?$4$( #?$( P0#$4(
"7$01%C( /17;L2/18( /1:L#%( "9( 7"1#0>/101#%( 94">( 3$%%$;%(
2$:#?( $=7$$2%( M[[( >( 04"L12( #?$( 6"L1204/$%( "9( #?$(
012( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$'( ,( >0d"4/#5( "9( #?$( $30;L0#/"1%( 04$(
>0d"4(7"1#/1$1#0;(;012(>0%%$%'(N?/%(2$9/1/#/"1($=7;L2$%(
#?$4$9"4$(#?$>0#/7C(9"7L%%/18("1(/1:L#%("9(:04#/7L;04(%L6G
#?$( >048/10;( $17;"%$2( 012( %$>/G$17;"%$2( %$0%( #?0#(
%#017$%("4(%L6%#017$(#5:$%C(#?$(7?$>/70;(%:$7/$%C(/1:L#(
P$4$( 4$3/$P$2( %$:040#$;5( 65( #?$( )"*( 6L#( /17;L2$%( 0;;(
9;L=$%(012(#$>:"40;(012(%:0#/0;(304/0#/"1%(7"17$41$2'
"7$01( 4$8/"1%( 6"42$4/18( 047?/:$;08"%( 4$8042;$%%( "9(
P0#$4( 2$:#?'( W$70L%$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#%( 04$( ;048$;5(
N?$(N0%K(N$0>(?0%(1"#($=0>/1$2(0;;(030/;06;$(;/#$40#L4$(
2$:$12$1#("1(#?$(10#L4$("9(%"L47$%(/1(#?$(02d"/1/18(;012(
2$0;/18( P/#?( 6/";"8/70;( "4( $7";"8/70;( $99$7#%( "9( /1:L#%(
>0%%$%C(#?$(N$0>(?0%(%L6G2/3/2$2(#?$(8;"60;("7$01(/1#"(
#"( #?$( ":$1( "7$01%( 012( #?$/4( %/81/9/7017$( /1( #$4>%( "9(
#?$(>0d"4("7$01(60%/1%(@.07/9/7C(,#;01#/7C(A12/01J(012(9L4G
:":L;0#/"1%C(7">>L1/#/$%("4(7">>$47/0;(4$%"L47$%(@$'8'(
#?$4(/1#"(#?$(1"4#?$41(012(%"L#?$41(?$>/%:?$4/7(:"4#/"1%(
9/%?$4/$%J'(!$3$4#?$;$%%C(7"17/%$(077"L1#%("9(#?$(K1"P1(
"9(#?"%$(60%/1%(@D/8L4$(&J'
6/";"8/70;(012U"4(?L>01(?$0;#?(%/81/9/7017$("9(/12/3/2L0;(
7"1#0>/101#%( 04$( 8/3$1( /1( #?$( %L>>04/$%( 7"1#0/1$2( /1(
N?$(/17;L%/"1("9(047?/:$;08"%(P/#?/1("L4(7"3$408$("9(#?$(
F?0:#$4(O("9(#?$(2"7L>$1#'
":$1( "7$01%( /%( 1$7$%%045( 6$70L%$( >$0%L4$>$1#%( 0#(
/%;012( %#0#/"1%( 04$( 94$bL$1#;5( L%$2( #"( 4$:4$%$1#( 7"12/G
,1( /1#$1#/"10;( ">/%%/"1( ?0%( 6$$1( 402/"1L7;/2$%( 94">(
#/"1%( /1( #?$( %L44"L12/18( %$0%'( N?/%( /%( :04#/7L;04;5( #?$(
01#?4":"8$1/7(%"L47$%'(^02/"1L7;/2$%($1#$4(#?$(%$0(6"#?(
70%$(9"4(0#>"%:?$4/7(>$0%L4$>$1#%C(6L#(0;%"(9"4(>04/1$(
#?4"L8?( 2/4$7#( 2/%7?048$%( 012( #?4"L8?( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$'(
2$64/%C($'8'(:;0%#/7%(94">(3$%%$;%(012(>0/1;012(%"L47$%C(
`"P$3$4C( 9";;"P/18( #?$( 2$7;/1$( /1( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 402/"1LG
#?0#(04$(P/2$;5(2/%#4/6L#$2(65("7$01(7/47L;0#/"1(012("9#$1(
7;/2$%( 4$;$0%$2( 94">( #?$( F?$41"65;( 4$07#"4( 077/2$1#( /1(
2$:"%/#$2( "1( /%;012( %?"4$%C( /17;L2/18( #?"%$( "9( 4$>"#$(
&XZ\C(#?$(:4/17/:0;(:0#?P05(/%(#?"L8?#(#"(6$(#?4"L8?(;012G
012(L1/1?06/#$2(/%;012%'
60%$2(2/%7?048$%(94">(4$:4"7$%%/18(:;01#%'(A1(3/$P("9(#?$(

'()*+#,-.,D1%#7%(56%)05,6#)67#.'3?75=5.5,6#,/#01%#,4%6#,-%)6>#).#7%/56%7#3E#01%#2<:8;+#D).F#D%)9

80°N

40°N

0°

40°S

80°S

50°E 150°E 110°W 10°W

[The Team has examined all the white areas, except those with hatching. Areas within 200m depth contour are indicated in blue]

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(9?
3$45( ;"P( ;$3$;%( "9( 01#?4":"8$1/7( 402/"07#/3/#5( 7L44$1#;5( $4%C(7"L;2(6$(%L6%#01#/0;'(,(4$3/$P("9($=/%#/18(K1"P;$28$(
9"L12( $3$1( 0#( #?$( >"%#( 7"1#0>/10#$2( 7"0%#0;( %/#$%C( 012( /1(#?/%(04$0(P"L;2(6$(6$1$9/7/0;'
#?$( 2$7;/1$( /1( #?$( F?$41"65;( 9""#:4/1#( P?/7?C( 9"4( 402/"G
70$%/L>( /%( dL%#( 06"3$( #?$( 2$#$7#/"1( ;/>/#C( #?$( />:07#%( "9( D"4( 7;0%%/9/70#/"1( :L4:"%$%C( #?$( ":$1( "7$01%( P$4$(
402/"1L7;/2$(7"1#0>/10#/"1(0#(":$1("7$01(%/#$%(04$(;/K$;5( 2/3/2$2(/1#"(#?$(9";;"P/18(60%/1%(@%$$(D/8L4$(&JT
#"(6$($=#4$>$;5(%>0;;(@*%/%*#0,#:%-05,6#GCHJ' !" #$%&'"(&)*+&,-
!" .$/&'"(&)*+&,-
F"1%/%#$1#(P/#?(/#%(9"7L%("1(:";;L#01#%($1#$4/18(#?$(":$1( !" #$%&'"0*-,1,-
"7$01%( 94">( %?/::/18( 012( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$C( #?$( 4$:"4#( !" .$/&'"0*-,1,-
2"$%( 1"#( 0%%$%%( ;/#$40#L4$( 2$0;/18( P/#?( #?$( :0%%08$( "9( !" #$%&'"2+3,*+"4-5*+
7"1#0>/101#%( 94">( %?$;9G%$0( 04$0%( 074"%%( #?$( %?$;9G !" .$/&'"2+3,*+"4-5*+
64$0K'( ,1( $=7$:#/"1( /%( #?0#( "9( >04/1$( 2$64/%C( P?$4$( 0( !" 6)$7*)
1L>6$4("9(#?$(:0:$4%(4$3/$P$2($=0>/1$(>0#$4/0;%(9"L12(
/1(#?$(":$1("7$01(#?0#(04$(0;>"%#(7$4#0/1;5(2$4/3$2(94">( N06;$( &( ;/%#%( #?$( %L6%#017$%( 012( %L6%#017$( 70#$8"4/$%(
;012G60%$2(07#/3/#/$%'(B#?$4P/%$C(#?$(>081/#L2$(012(%/8G $=0>/1$2(65(#?$(N0%K(N$0>(7?"%$1("1(#?$(60%/%("9(#?$/4(
1/9/7017$("9(%L7?(:4"7$%%$%C($/#?$4(0#(4$8/"10;("4(8;"60;( K1"P1("4(:"#$1#/0;($13/4"1>$1#0;(%/81/9/7017$(012(7L44$1#(
%70;$%C( "4( #?$( $=#$1#( "9( ;/#$40#L4$( "1( #?$( #":/7C( ?0%( 1"#( 7"17$41%(4$;0#/18(#"(0#>"%:?$4/7(#401%:"4#C("7$01(9$4#/;/%0G
6$$1( 2$#$4>/1$2'( N401%G%?$;9( 9;L=$%( "9( 01#?4":"8$1/7( #/"1(012(07/2/9/70#/"1C(4/%K%(#"(>04/1$(%:$7/$%C(7">>L1/#/$%(
%L6%#017$%( @$'8'( >$#0;%C( 1L#4/$1#%C( :;0%#/7( 2$64/%JC( :04G 012($7"%5%#$>%(0%(P$;;(0%(?0<042%(#"(?L>01(?$0;#?'
#/7L;04;5(/1(#?$(:;L>$%("9(%">$("9(#?$(P"4;2e%(;048$%#(4/3G

2V[OQ$97$!MDQMJLKP$LZ$RLMJVS1MVMJI$1M$JUQ$LXQM$LRQVM

Substance Vector

CO2 Atmosphere, Shipping

SO2 Atmosphere, Shipping

VOCs Atmosphere, Shipping

Nutrients Fe, N, P, Zn, Co Atmosphere

POPs, PBTs, CFCs Atmosphere

PAH Atmosphere, Shipping

Heavy metals Pb, Hg, Cd, As, Ni, Cu Atmosphere

Particles Shipping

NOx Shipping

Oil Accidental spills Shipping etc.

Operational discharges
Wrecks
Exploration and production
Natural seeps

Chemicals Accidental spills Shipping

Exploration and production

Sewage Shipping

Marine debris Mainland sources, Shipping

Ballast water Shipping

Noise Shipping/Military/Research

Dumped waste Shipping

9A$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
:7:$&MVOPI1I$LZ$XW[O1RVJ1LMI )6#)..,-5)0%7#4*,-%..e'(N?/%(/%(1"#(2/%%/>/;04(#"(01($04G
;/$4( 2$9/1/#/"1( :4":"%$2( 65( )*+,-.( @&XXRJ( 0%( 9";;"P%T(
/./.-, 0#$12!&#"
;)*56%#%6=5*,69%60)(#)..%..9%60#5.#01%#-,((%-05,6>#)6)(?
N?$(,%%$%%>$1#("9(,%%$%%>$1#%(:4"7$%%C(0%(2$%/81$2( E.5.#)67#560%*4*%0)05,6#,/#56/,*9)05,6#A501#01%#4'*4,.%#,/#
65(#?$()"*C(/%(60%$2("1(L%/18(#$>:;0#$%(7"1%/%#/18("9(0( )..%..56&#01%#I')(50E#,/#9)*56%#)*%).'
%$4/$%("9(bL$%#/"1%(4$8042/18(#?$("4/8/1C(:L4:"%$C(2$%/81(
012( 7"12L7#( "9( /12/3/2L0;( 0%%$%%>$1#%( :4$3/"L%;5( 704G
A1(#?$(4$:"4#("9(/#%(9/4%#(>$$#/18(@)^,-*U)B*U&UYJC(#?$(
4/$2( "L#( /1( 2/99$4$1#( >04/1$( 04$0%'( N?$( #$>:;0#$( /%( 1"#(
)4"L:( "9( *=:$4#%( 9"4( #?$( ,%%$%%>$1#( "9( ,%%$%%>$1#%(
/2$0;;5( %L/#$2( #"( #?$( 010;5%/%( "9( %7/$1#/9/7( :L6;/70#/"1%(
084$$2( #?0#( #?$( ^$8L;04( .4"7$%%( %?"L;2( 0/>( #"( /17;L2$(
4$;0#/18(#"(#?$(":$1("7$01(6$70L%$(#?$(030/;06;$(2"7LG
#?$($;$>$1#%("9(0(2$9/1/#/"1("9(0%%$%%>$1#&(8/3$1(/1(01(
>$1#0#/"1( /17;L2$%( 9$P( 7">:4$?$1%/3$( 0%%$%%>$1#%'(
$04;/$4(2"7L>$1#(94">(E!*.(@M[[SJ'
`"P$3$4C(#?$(N0%K(N$0>(084$$2(#"(L#/;/<$(#?$(#$>:;0#$%(
/1(7">:;/017$(P/#?(#?$()"*e%(%#4L7#L4$2(0::4"07?(#"(#?$(
N?$(:"%/#/"1(/%(1"#($1#/4$;5(%0#/%907#"45(0%(1"1$("9(#?$%$(
4$3/$P(012(#"(907/;/#0#$(#?$(#401%9$4("9(/19"4>0#/"1(/1#"(01(
2$9/1/#/"1%(/2$1#/95(#?$(2/99$4$1#(7">:"1$1#%("9(01(h$30;LG
"1;/1$( 20#060%$( 2$%/81$2( %:$7/9/70;;5( 9"4( #?/%( :L4:"%$(
0#/"1e( P?/7?( P"L;2( 1"4>0;;5( 6$( $=:$7#$2( #"( 7"3$4( #?$(
@E!*.GIF-F()^,-*(H0#060%$J'(
70L%$%C(%$3$4/#5C(#4$12%(012(%/81/9/7017$("9(7"12/#/"1%(/1(
6"#?($13/4"1>$1#0;(012(%"7/"G$7"1">/7(#$4>%'
/././, 3*&1*&"
A1( 022/#/"1( #"( 7">:;$#/18( #$>:;0#$%( "1( $=/%#/18( 0%%$%%G F"17$:#L0;;5C( 01( ":#/>L>( $13/4"1>$1#0;( 0%%$%%>$1#(
>$1#%C(%$;$7#$2(%#L2/$%(012(4$3/$P%C(#?$(N0%K(N$0>(7">G 940>$P"4K( %?"L;2( 0/>( #"( ;/1K( 24/3/18( 9"47$%C( :4$%%L4$%C(
:/;$2( #?$>0#/7( 6/6;/"840:?/$%( "9( :L6;/70#/"1%( 7"1#0/1/18( %#0#$C( />:07#%( 012( 4$%:"1%$%( i( #?$( %"G70;;$2( H.+A^(
20#0( 012( /19"4>0#/"1( "9( %:$7/0;( 4$;$3017$( #"( #?$( 0%%$%%G 0::4"07?(02":#$2(65(#?$(*L4":$01(E1/"1(012(:4"d$7#%(
>$1#( "9( $13/4"1>$1#0;( 7"12/#/"1%( /1( #?$( ":$1( "7$01'( %L7?( 0%( #?$( );"60;( A1#$410#/"10;( I0#$4%( ,%%$%%>$1#(
N?$%$(6/6;/"840:?/$%(P$4$(:4"3/2$2(6"#?(0%(0(01(/1:L#(#"( @)AI,J( 7">:;$#$2( /1( M[[\'( A1( :407#/7$C( #?$( 2/99$4$1#(
)"*(2$;/6$40#/"1%(012(0%(0(4$%"L47$(9"4(L%$(/1(:4$:04/18( %#08$%(04$(L1;/K$;5(#"(6$(/1#$840#$2(P/#?/1(0(%/18;$(>01G
8;"60;(>04/1$(0%%$%%>$1#%'(N?$(L%$("9(6/6;/"840:?/$%(#"(0( 08$2(:4"840>>$(012(/#(/%(:4"606;5(/1$3/#06;$(#?0#(9L#L4$(
;048$($=#$1#(4$:;07$2(#?$(1$$2(9"4(/1G#$=#(4$9$4$17/18(012( 0%%$%%>$1#%( P/;;( 1$$2( #"( >0K$( L%$( "9( 0( >L;#/:;/7/#5( "9(
0;;"P$2(9"4(0(>"4$(4$0206;$(4$:"4#C($%:$7/0;;5(9"4(0(1"1G /19"4>0#/"1( 012( 20#0( %"L47$%( P/#?( ;/##;$( 7"1%/%#$175( /1(
%7/$1#/9/7(4$02$4%?/:'(N?$(:4$%$1#(4$:"4#C(?"P$3$4C(4$3$4#%( 4$8042(#"(#/>$940>$%(012(8$"840:?/70;(7"3$408$'
#"( /1G#$=#( 4$9$4$17/18( 012( 0( 7">:"%/#$( 4$9$4$17$( ;/%#( 0%(
1"4>0;;5(L%$2(9"4(#?$(^$:"4#%(012(+#L2/$%(%$4/$%'(,(1L>G
DL4#?$4(2/%7L%%/"1("9(#?/%(/%%L$(0>"18%#(N0%K(N$0>(>$>G
6$4( "9( 022/#/"10;( 4$9$4$17$%( "9( 4$;$3017$( #"( ":$1( "7$01(
6$4%(40/%$2(#?$(bL$%#/"1("9(?"PC(/1(8$1$40;C(/19"4>0#/"1(/%(
0%%$%%>$1#%(04$(4$#0/1$2(/1(0(4$2L7$2(6/6;/"840:?5'(
7">:/;$2(9"4(:L4:"%$%("9(7">:4$?$1%/3$(4$8/"10;(0%%$%%G
>$1#%'( A#( %$$>%( ;/K$;5( #?0#( 7">:4$?$1%/3$( 0%%$%%>$1#%(
N?$( 4$:"4#( %L>>04/%$%( #?$( 0%%$%%>$1#( ;012%70:$( 9"4( P"L;2(1$$2(#"(240P($=#$1%/3$;5("1(#?$(":$1(%7/$1#/9/7(;/#$40G
2/99$4$1#(%L6%#017$%(012(7"1#0>/101#(70#$8"4/$%'(N?$%$( #L4$( /1( 022/#/"1( #"( 4$%$047?( 012( >"1/#"4/18( 7"12L7#$2( 65(
%L>>04/$%( 9"4>( #?$( 60%/%( "9( F?0:#$4( O'( N?$( 7?0:#$4( %#0#$( 012U"4( /1#$410#/"10;( 08$17/$%( %:$7/9/70;;5( 9"4( 0%%$%%G
7">>$17$%( P/#?( 0( 64/$9( ;""K( 0#( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( 7"3$4G >$1#(:L4:"%$%'(I/#?"L#(#?/%C(:"#$1#/0;;5(/>:"4#01#(/19"4>0G
08$( "9( $04;/$4( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#0;( 0%%$%%>$1#%( 704G #/"1( 7"L;2( 6$( "3$4;""K$2'( N?$( 4018$( "9( 4$;$301#( ;/#$40#L4$(
4/$2("L#(65(10#/"10;(012(/1#$410#/"10;("4801/<0#/"1%'( 7"L;2(/17;L2$(/12/3/2L0;(4$%$047?(:0:$4%C(#?$>0#/7(4$3/$P%(
012(4$:"4#%(94">(/1%#/#L#$%(012(08$17/$%($1808$2(/1(>04/1$(
N?$( :4/17/:0;( 9/12/18%( "9( #?$( 4$:"4#C( /17;L2/18( /13$1G $13/4"1>$1#0;(07#/3/#/$%'(A1(2$:#?($30;L0#/"1%("9(%">$($13/G
#"4/$%( "9( #?$( 1L>6$4%( 012( 8$"840:?/7( 2/%#4/6L#/"1%( "9( 4"1>$1#0;;5( />:"4#01#C( 0;#?"L8?( 1"#( $=#$1%/3$;5( %#L2/$2C(
2"7L>$1#%( 4$3/$P$2C( 0%( P$;;( 0%( 01( "3$40;;( $30;L0#/"1( /%%L$%(>05($=/%#("1;5(/1(0(9$P(/%";0#$2(:L6;/70#/"1%'
"9( #?$( /19"4>0#/"1( 60%$( 7L44$1#;5( 030/;06;$( 9"4( ":$1(
"7$01( 0%%$%%>$1#%C( 04$( %51#?$%/%$2( /1( #?$( *=$7L#/3$( _""K/18( 0?$02C( )*+,-.( 7"1%/2$4%( #?0#( #?$( 4$8L;04(
+L>>045(#"(6$(9"L12(0#(#?$(6$8/11/18("9(#?$(4$:"4#' :4"7$%%( 9"4(#?$(7"12L7#( "9(8;"60;(>04/1$( 0%%$%%>$1#%C(

:7?$5QOVJQT$RLMI1TQKVJ1LMI &( ((d&M$ !MJQNKVJQT$ *R1QMJ1Z1R$ )MD1KLMSQMJVO$ &IIQIISQMJ( /%( 0( 74/#/70;C(

:$$4G4$3/$P$2($30;L0#/"1("9(/19"4>0#/"1C(9"4(:L4:"%$%("9(8L/2/18(2$7/G
/.4.-, 05#,%!&*+#,!%6,"781#,89,!""#""$#%&"
%/"1%("1(0(7">:;$=(:L6;/7(/%%L$C(9";;"P/18(0(P$;;G2$9/1$2(:4"7$%%'(N?$(
,(:4$G4$bL/%/#$(#"(/2$1#/95/18(012(4$3/$P/18(0%%$%%>$1#G %7":$(@#":/7(L12$4(7"1%/2$40#/"1J(/%(2$9/1$2(65(>L;#/:;$(%#0K$?";2$4%C(
P?"(04$(#5:/70;;5(2$7/%/"1G>0K$4%'(D/12/18%(04$(:";/75G4$;$301#(6L#(1"#(
4$;0#$2( ;/#$40#L4$( /%( 0( 7;$04( 2$9/1/#/"1( "9( )..%..9%60# 9"4(
:4$%74/:#/3$C(012(4$9;$7#C(9"4($=0>:;$C(01(j/9(k(#?$1(kl(0::4"07?'(A#(/%(
:L4:"%$%( "9( #?$(,",'(N?$( 1$$2( 9"4( %L7?( 0( 2$9/1/#/"1( /%( 7"12L7#$2(65(0(74$2/6;$(84"L:("9($=:$4#%(P/#?(0(64"02(4018$("9(2/%7/:;/1G
%#4$%%$2( /1( #?$( E!*.GIF-F( 4$:"4#( @E!*.GIF-FC( 045(012(8$"840:?/70;($=:$4/$17$(012(4$:4$%$1#0#/"1C(/1(0(60;017$2(012(
#401%:04$1#(>011$4'(A#(4$2L7$%(7">:;$=/#5(6L#(022%(30;L$(65(%L>>04/<G
M[[YJ( P?/7?C( 0%( 01( /1#$4/>( >$0%L4$C( #0K$%( 01( 0%%$%%G
/18C( %51#?$%/</18( 012( 6L/;2/18( %7$104/"%C( 012( /2$1#/9/$%( 7"1%$1%L%( 65(
>$1#( #"( 6$( h)# .-5%605/5-# %=)(')05,6# ,/# )6# ).4%-0# ,/# 01%# %"4#/18("L#(P?0#(/%(K1"P1(012(P/2$;5(077$:#$2(94">(P?0#(/%(1"#(K1"P1(
9)*56%#%-,.E.0%9>#%6=5*,69%60>#&*,'4#,/#,*&)65.9.#,*# "4(1"#(084$$2'(A#(%$1%/#/<$%(%7/$1#/9/7(7">>L1/#/$%(#"(:";/75(1$$2%(012(
#?$(:";/75(7">>L1/#5(#"(#?$(%7/$1#/9/7(60%/%(9"4(07#/"1(@E!*.C(M[[SJ'l

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(9C
1"(>0##$4(?"P(>$#/7L;"L%;5(/#(>05(6$(2$%/81$2C(P/;;(>"%#( 8$4/0;( 012( %7/$1#/9/7( 07#/"1%( #"( 0224$%%( 2$84020#/"1'(
;/K$;5( 6$( 7"1%#40/1$2( 65( 20#0( %?"4#08$%( "9( 0( #?$>0#/7( N?$( K$5( 9/12/18%C( 240P/18( 0##$1#/"1( #"( #?$( />:"4#017$(
012U"4( 8$"840:?/7( 10#L4$'( +L7?( 2/99/7L;#/$%( 7"L;2( 6$( "9(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#%C(04$(1"#(2/%%/>/;04(#"(#?"%$("9(#?/%(
7">:"L12$2( /9( #?$( :4"7$%%( P0%( 60%$2( $=7;L%/3$;5( "1( 4$:"4#(@J1)40%*.#G#)67#KJ'
2$2/70#$2(>"1/#"4/18("9(:4$G%$;$7#$2(304/06;$%'(
,#( 0( #?$>0#/7( ;$3$;C( $3$1( #?$( >"4$( %:$7/0;/%$2( 9/$;2( "9(
D"4( #?$%$( 4$0%"1%C( #?$( N0%K( N$0>( ?0%( $=#$12$2( /#%( "7$01(:";;L#/"1(65(%L6%#017$%(012(P0%#$%(?0%(1"#(6$$1(
%$047?$%( 6$5"12( 7">>/%%/"1$2( 0%%$%%>$1#%( 012( #?$G 0%%$%%$2(7">:4$?$1%/3$;5C(074"%%(0;;("7$01(60%/1%'(N?/%(
>0#/7( 4$3/$P%( #"( /17;L2$( :L6;/70#/"1%( #?0#C( /1( #?$( ":/1G /%( 1"#( L1$=:$7#$2( 0%( >015( "9( #?$( >"4$( %$1%/#/3$( 012(
/"1( "9( #?$( N$0>C( >0K$( 0( %/81/9/701#( 7"1#4/6L#/"1( #"( #?$( ?$03/;5(/>:07#$2($7"%5%#$>%("77L4("1(#?$(%?$;9C(0(4$;0G
L12$4%#012/18( 012( $30;L0#/"1( "9( 9$0#L4$%C( 7"12/#/"1%( #/3$;5( >"4$( 077$%%/6;$( $13/4"1>$1#'( B1( #?$( "#?$4( ?012C(
012( :4"7$%%$%( 4$;$301#( #"( :";;L#/"1( /1( #?$( >0d"4( "7$01( #?$( ":$1( "7$01%( 04$( 65( 1"( >$01%( /81"4$2( 65( >04/1$(
60%/1%'(,%(%L7?C(#?$5(?$;:(/1(2$%74/6/18(012(2$9/1/18(#?$( %7/$17$(012(#?$4$(/%(0(%L6%#01#/0;(0>"L1#("9(%7/$1#/9/7(;/#G
0%%$%%>$1#(;012%70:$(9"4(#?$("7$01%' $40#L4$("1(:04#/7L;04("7$01(9$0#L4$%(012(:4"7$%%$%'(B1;5(
0(:"4#/"1("9(#?/%C(?"P$3$4C(/%(9"7L%$2("1(:";;L#/"1'
A1( 022/#/"1( #"( #?$( %#L2/$%( 4$3/$P$2( /1( #?$( %L6%#017$(
%L>>04/$%( @F?0:#$4( OJC( 022/#/"10;( ;/#$40#L4$( 4$;$301#( #"( A#(/%(0::4":4/0#$(#"(4$70;;(#?0#()*+,-.e%(2$9/1/#/"1("9(4,(?
0%%$%%>$1#("9(#?$(":$1("7$01%(/%(/2$1#/9/$2(/1(#?$(#?$G ('05,6L(2/%#/18L/%?$%(6$#P$$1(#?$(>$4$(/1#4"2L7#/"1("9(%L6G
>0#/7(6/6;/"840:?/$%' %#017$%(012($1$485(/1#"(#?$(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#(@/'$'(7"1G
#0>/10#/"1J(012(/1#4"2L7#/"1%(#?0#(?03$(0(2$#4/>$1#0;(/>:07#(
/.4./, 05#,!""#""$#%&,2!%6"7!1#,98+,&5#, @/'$'(:";;L#/"1J'(I?$4$0%(#?$4$(/%(7"1%/2$406;$($3/2$17$("9(
81#%,87#!%" 7"1#0>/10#/"1( /1( 6"#?( %?$;9( 012( "7$01( $13/4"1>$1#%C( #?$(
/17/2$17$("9(:";;L#/"1(/%(>"4$(2/99/7L;#(#"(0%%$%%'(
N?/%( 7"1#4/6L#/"1( #"( #?$( ,%%$%%>$1#( "9( ,%%$%%>$1#%(
7">:;$>$1#%( #?$( P"4K( "9( "#?$4( $=:$4#%( P"4K/18( "1(
%?$;9( %$0( 04$0%( 65( 4$3/$P/18( #?$( :";;L#/"1( 0%%$%%>$1#( D"4( #?$%$( 4$0%"1%( #?$(N$0>( ?0%( 9"7L%$2( "1( /12/3/2L0;(
;012%70:$(9"4(#?$(":$1("7$01%'(,#(#?$("L#%$#C(#?$(N0%K( 7"1#0>/101#%( $1#$4/18( #?$( "7$01%( 94">( %?/:%( 012( #?$(
N$0>( P0%( 0P04$( #?0#( 7">:4$?$1%/3$( 0%%$%%>$1#%( "9( 0#>"%:?$4$'(A#(2/2(1"#C(?"P$3$4C(7"1%/2$4(#?$(#401%9$4("9(
":$1("7$01(04$0%C(;5/18($1#/4$;5("L#%/2$(#?$(M[[(>(2$:#?( 7"1#0>/101#%(074"%%(#?$(%?$;9(64$0K(65(>$01%("9("7$01(
7"1#"L4C(?02(%$;2">C(/9($3$4C(6$$1(7"12L7#$2'( 7L44$1#%C(6$70L%$(9"4(>"%#(7"1#0>/101#%(#?$4$(0::$04%(
#"(6$(;/##;$("4(1"(/19"4>0#/"1("1(#?/%(#":/7'(N?$(%$047?(9"4(
/19"4>0#/"1(P0%(:4/"4/#/%$2C(8/3/18(:4$9$4$17$(#"(#?$>0#/7(
,( 1"#06;$( $=7$:#/"1( /%( 01( 0%%$%%>$1#( "9( #?$( I/2$4(
4$3/$P%C( 9";;"P$2(65(>"4$( 8$1$40;( 4$3/$P%( #?0#(/17;L2$(
,#;01#/7(:4$:04$2(L12$4(#?$(0L%:/7$%("9(#?$(F"13$1#/"1(
7"1#0>/101#%("9(/1#$4$%#(012(9/10;;5(%7/$1#/9/7(:0:$4%(012(
9"4( #?$( .4"#$7#/"1( "9( #?$( -04/1$( *13/4"1>$1#( "9( #?$(
4$:"4#%( :4"3/2/18( 20#0( "4( "#?$4( /19"4>0#/"1( "1( /1:L#%C(
!"4#?G*0%#( ,#;01#/7( @B+.,^( F">>/%%/"1C( M[[[J'( N?/%(
;$3$;%C(#4$12%("4($=7?018$%("9(%L6%#017$%("6#0/1$2(94">(
/%( "1$( "9( 9/3$( %L6G4$8/"10;( 0%%$%%>$1#%( #?0#( #"8$#?$4(
>$0%L4$>$1#%(>02$($/#?$4(0#("7$01(%/#$%("4("1(/%;012%(
7"3$4(#?$($1#/4$(1"4#?G$0%#(,#;01#/7(4$8/"1'(N?$(04$0(;/$%(
/12/70#/3$("9(":$1("7$01(7"12/#/"1%'
6$#P$$1( \Mm( 012( O\m( !C( 012( 6$#P$$1( RMm( I( 012( #?$(
M[[>(7"1#"L4(#"(#?$($0%#(@0:04#(94">(#?$(W05("9(W/%705(
012(A6$4/0(P?$4$(#?$(6"L12045(6$7">$%(&[mIJ'(A#(#?L%( A1(#?$(":/1/"1("9(#?$(N$0>C(0;;("9(#?$(2"7L>$1#%(4$3/$P$2(
$17">:0%%$%( #?$( 1"4#?G$0%#$41( %$7#"4( "9( #?$( !"4#?( >0K$( />:"4#01#( 7"1#4/6L#/"1%( #"( "L4( L12$4%#012/18( "9(
,#;01#/7( B7$01'( E12$4( #?$( #$4>%( "9( #?$( F"13$1#/"1( "7$01( 7"1#0>/10#/"1( :4"7$%%$%( 012( 4$;0#$2( 01#?4":"G
7"1#407#/18( :04#/$%( 04$( 4$bL/4$2( #"( :L6;/%?( 4$:"4#%( 0#( 8$1/7(:407#/7$%'(N?$5(/17;L2$(6$17?>04K(%#L2/$%(:4"3/2G
4$8L;04( /1#$430;%( "1( #?$( bL0;/#5( "9( #?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1G /18( 20#0( $%%$1#/0;( 9"4( "7$01( 0%%$%%>$1#%( 012( 304/"L%(
>$1#'(A1(022/#/"1C(01(07#/"1(:;01(/%%L$2(0#(#?$(%/81/18( #?$>0#/7(4$3/$P%(#?0#(%51#?$%/%$($=/%#/18(K1"P;$28$("1(
"9(#?$(F"13$1#/"1(7"1#0/1$2(0(7">>/#>$1#(#"(:4$:04$( %$4/"L%("7$01(:";;L#/"1(/%%L$%'
01( 0%%$%%>$1#( 65( #?$( 5$04( M[[['( N0%K( N$0>%( P$4$(
$%#06;/%?$2( 9"4( $07?( %L6G4$8/"10;( 0%%$%%>$1#C( $07?( A1$3/#06;5C( >015( "9( #?$( 2"7L>$1#%( 7/#$2( 2/2( 1"#( ;$12(
P/#?(0(;$02(7"L1#45(#"(:4"3/2$(#$7?1/70;(012(%$74$#04/0;( #?$>%$;3$%(#"(010;5%/%(L%/18(#?$(#$>:;0#$(2$3$;":$2(65(
%L::"4#'( E1;/K$( #?$( B+.,^( F"13$1#/"1( @!"4#?G*0%#( #?$( )4"L:( "9( *=:$4#%'( W$70L%$( "1;5( 0( 9$P( "9( #?$( %#L2G
,#;01#/7J( %?$;9( 04$0%( P?$4$( >L7?( "9( #?$( 4$bL/4$2( 20#0( /$%(7"1%#/#L#$()..%..9%60.C(/#(P0%("9#$1(1"#(:"%%/6;$(#"(
P0%( 8$1$40#$2( 65( 0( ]"/1#(,%%$%%>$1#( 012( -"1/#"4/18( 01%P$4( bL$%#/"1%( P/#?/1( #?$( #$>:;0#$( 2$0;/18( P/#?( #?$(
.4"840>>$(@/1/#/0#$2(/1(&XXSJC(>"%#("9(#?$(20#0("1(7"1G 02>/1/%#40#/3$( 012( %#40#$8/7( 607K84"L12( #"( #?$( %#L25(
#0>/101#%( /1( #?$( I/2$4(,#;01#/7( P0%( "6#0/1$2( 94">( #?$(
%7/$1#/9/7(;/#$40#L4$'(N?$(4$:"4#(2$%74/6$%(#?$(8$"840:?5C(
M( ((l.";;L#/"1( >$01%( #?$( /1#4"2L7#/"1( 65( >01C( 2/4$7#;5( "4( /12/4$7#;5C( "9(
?524"840:?5(012(7;/>0#$("9(#?$(04$0C(#?$(?L>01(07#/3/G %L6%#017$%("4($1$485(/1#"(#?$(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#(@/17;L2/18($%#L04G
#/$%( #?0#( 099$7#( /#C( /#%( 7?$>/70;( 012( 6/";"8/70;( 9$0#L4$%C( /$%J(4$%L;#/18(/1(%L7?(2$;$#$4/"L%($99$7#%(0%(?04>(#"(;/3/18(4$%"L47$%C(
#?$(70L%$%(012(/>:;/70#/"1%("9(7?018$%C(/>:4"3$>$1#%( ?0<042%( #"( ?L>01( ?$0;#?C( ?/124017$( #"( >04/#/>$( 07#/3/#/$%( /17;L2/18(
9/%?/18C( />:0/4>$1#( "9( bL0;/#5( 9"4( L%$( "9( %$0( P0#$4( 012( 4$2L7#/"1( "9(
#?0#(?03$(6$$1(07?/$3$2(012C(9/10;;5C(1$7$%%045(>010G 0>$1/#/$%'l

98$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
"4( $=:;0/1( P?5( :04#/7L;04( 0%:$7#%( "9( #?$( 2$%/81( @04$0C( 6$$1( /1#4"2L7$2C( #?$/4( $99/7075( 7011"#( 6$( 0%%$%%$2( /1(
>$#?"2";"85( $#7'J( P$4$( 903"L4$2( "3$4( "#?$4%'( A1( >015( #?$( 06%$17$( "9( %#012042/<$2( 012( 4$:$#/#/3$( >$0%L4$G
70%$%(#?$(4$0%"1%(9"4(%$;$7#/18(:04#/7L;04(#048$#%C(;"70G >$1#%Q(#?/%(/%(01"#?$4(9"4>("9(/19"4>0#/"1(80:'
#/"1%(012(:4"7$2L4$%(04$(%/>:;5(#?0#(#?$(%#L2/$%(04$(7"1G
#/1L0#/"1%( "4( $=#$1%/"1%( "9( :4$3/"L%( P"4K( 65( #?$( %0>$( D"4(:4$%$1#(:L4:"%$%C()*+,-.(?0%(0##$>:#$2(#"(/2$1G
0L#?"4%( 012( /1%#/#L#$%'( I/#?( 4$8042( #"( >$#?"2";"8/$%C( #/95( 030/;06;$( ;/#$40#L4$( "1( 0;;( "9( #?$( >"%#( ;/K$;5( %"L47$%(
#?$(N$0>(P0%(8$1$40;;5(4$;L7#01#(#"(2$%74/6$(#$7?1/bL$%( "9( :";;L#01#%( #"( #?$( ":$1( "7$01%'( ,%( $=:$7#$2C( #?$4$(
0%(h6$%#(:407#/7$e(6L#(1$3$4#?$;$%%(P$(04$(7"19/2$1#(#?0#( 04$( %L6%#01#/0;( 2/99$4$17$%( /1( #?$( 0>"L1#C( bL0;/#5( 012(
#?$(0::4"07?$%(L%$2(/1(#?$(%#L2/$%(P$(%$;$7#$2(04$C(/1( L#/;/#5("9(20#0(030/;06;$("1(/12/3/2L0;(%"L47$%'(N?$4$(04$(
0(>0d"4/#5("9(70%$%C(0>"18%#(#?$(6$%#(7L44$1#;5(030/;06;$( %/<$06;$( 80:%( /1( #?$( 4$7"42%C( /1( 6"#?( %:07$( 012( #/>$C(
P/#?/1(#?$(9/$;2%(7"17$41$2' 9"4($3$45(%"L47$($=0>/1$2'(A1(#?$(#/>$(030/;06;$(/#(P0%(
1"#(:"%%/6;$(#"(/2$1#/95(012(2$%74/6$(#?$(:4$7/%$(10#L4$(
+">$( "9( #?$( :L6;/70#/"1%( 4$3/$P$2( 04$( 1"#( $1#/4$;5( "9(#?$(80:%(012(#?$(/19"4>0#/"1(4$bL/4$2(#"(9/;;(#?$>'(,%(
4$;0#$2(#"(7"12/#/"1%(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01(012(7"1#0/1(20#0( 01( 0;#$410#/3$C( 9"4( $07?( %L6%#017$( 70#$8"45( #?$( $=:$4/G
012( /19"4>0#/"1( 9"4( 7"0%#0;( 4$8/"1%( 0%( P$;;( 0%( 9"4( "99G $17$(012(":/1/"1%("9(N0%K(N$0>(>$>6$4%(P$4$(L%$2(#"(
%?$;9(04$0%'(N?$5(04$(/17;L2$2($/#?$4(6$70L%$(#?$5(04$( /12/70#$(#?$(4$;0#/3$(02$bL075("9($=/%#/18(/19"4>0#/"1(9"4(
#?$("1;5("4(6$%#(030/;06;$(:L6;/70#/"1%("9(#?$/4(#5:$(0::;/G :L4:"%$%("9(":$1("7$01(0%%$%%>$1#%(@N06;$(WJ'
706;$( #"( #?$( "7$01( 60%/1%( 7"17$41$2C( "4( 6$70L%$( #?$5(
:4"3/2$( 20#0( "9( :04#/7L;04( />:"4#017$( 9"4( 0%%$%%>$1#( N?$(:;011/18("9(01(0%%$%%>$1#(%?"L;2(#0K$(/1#"(077"L1#(
:L4:"%$%(#?0#(04$("#?$4P/%$(404$("4(1"1G$=/%#$1#'(,(1L>G #?$(%7":$C(%70;$(012(#/>$G940>$("9(0%%$%%>$1#G4$;0#$2(
6$4("9(:L6;/70#/"1%(2$0;(P/#?(#?$($99$7#%(012(%/81/9/7017$( %#L2/$%( 0;4$025( L12$4P05C( /17;L2/18( #?$/4( %#0#/%#/70;(
"9(7"1#0>/101#%(0%(P$;;(0%(:4"3/2/18(20#0("1(%L6%#017$( 2$%/81'( _/K$P/%$C( %#L2/$%( 7">>/%%/"1$2( %:$7/9/70;;5(
;$3$;%(012(2/%#4/6L#/"1%'(,1"#?$4(7"1%/2$40#/"1(/1(%$;$7#G 9"4( 0%%$%%>$1#( :L4:"%$%( %?"L;2( #0K$( 077"L1#( "9( #?$(
/18(:L6;/70#/"1%(9"4(010;5%/%(P0%(#"($1%L4$(#?0#C(9"4($07?( :;011$2( 0%%$%%>$1#( %7?$2L;$( 012( "6d$7#/3$%'( N?/%(
%L6%#017$( $30;L0#$2C( #?$( %$#( "9( :0:$4%( %$;$7#$2( P"L;2( 0::4"07?( %?"L;2C( "3$4( #/>$C( 4$2L7$( #?$( 1L>6$4( 012(
4$9;$7#( #?$( 4$;0#/3$( 030/;06/;/#5( "9( /19"4>0#/"1( 074"%%( 0;;( %/81/9/7017$("9(>0d"4(/19"4>0#/"1(80:%'(
"7$01(60%/1%'

/.4.<, =#"&,1+!7&(7#
/.4.4, :6#%&(9;(%),)!1",(%,(%98+$!&(8%
.04#(&("9(#?$(,%%$%%>$1#("9(,%%$%%>$1#%(/%(2$%/81$2(#"(
)0:%(/1(/19"4>0#/"1(@:%-05,6#MCLCLJ(9"4(:L4:"%$%("9($13/G :4"3/2$(h0(7L44$1#(%#0#$("9(K1"P;$28$("9($=/%#/18(0%%$%%G
4"1>$1#0;( 0%%$%%>$1#( 90;;( /1#"( "1$( "9( #P"( 70#$8"4/$%'( >$1#(:4"7$%%$%(012(4$;0#$2(07#/3/#/$%e'(B1$("6d$7#/3$("9(
N?$( 9/4%#( 7"17$41%( #":/7%( "1( P?/7?( #?$4$( /%( 1"( /19"4>0G #?$(,",(P0%(#"($30;L0#$(#?$(:407#/7$%(0::;/$2(/1(7"12L7#G
#/"1( 0#( 0;;( 012( #?$( %$7"12( /%( P?$4$( %">$( /19"4>0#/"1( /18(0%%$%%>$1#%(012(#"(2$#$4>/1$(P?0#(:407#/7$%(>/8?#(
/%( 030/;06;$( 6L#C( 9"4( 0( 304/$#5( "9( 4$0%"1%C( /%( 7"1%/2$4$2( 6$(7"1%/2$4$2(h6$%#(:407#/7$%e(9"4(:L4:"%$%("9(#?$(4$8L;04(
/102$bL0#$'( N?$( ;0##$4( /%( 65( 904( #?$( >"%#( :4"6;$>G :4"7$%%'(A1(022/#/"1C(#?$(,",(0/>$2(#"(2$#$4>/1$T
0#/7'( *13/4"1>$1#0;( 0%%$%%>$1#%( >L%#( /1304/06;5( 4$;5( !" 8',-'"9%*-&,-5:";,<'&"75",;9%$=53>
"1( :07K08$%( "9( /19"4>0#/"1( #?0#( 04$( $=#4$>$;5( %>0;;( /1( !" "&'5" /+-5%&*,+&,5:" *::$-,*&53" 8,&'" :95-,1,-" 9%*-&,-5:>"
4$;0#/"1( #"( #?$( 8$"840:?/7( 04$0%( 012( #/>$G940>$%( #"( 6$( 012(
0%%$%%$2'( A1( >015( 70%$%( :$4/"2/7C( ;"70;/%$2( >$0%L4$G !" "&'5" 9%5-$+3,&,$+:" &'*&" :'$/)3" 75" ;5&" ,1" :95-,1,-" 9%*-G
>$1#%(>L%#(6$(#0K$1(#"(4$:4$%$1#(7"12/#/"1%("3$4(>L7?( #/7$%( 04$( #"( 6$( 0::;/$2( 9"4( :L4:"%$%( "9( #?$( 4$8L;04(
;048$4($=:01%$%("9(%:07$(012(#/>$'(N?L%C(9"4(#":/7%("1( :4"7$%%'
P?/7?(%">$(/19"4>0#/"1(/%(030/;06;$C(/#(701(6$(2/99/7L;#(#"(
2$7/2$(/9C(012(#"(P?0#($=#$1#C(80:%($=/%#'(N?/%(/%(7$4#0/1;5( A1( 7"1%/2$4/18( #?/%( :04#( "9( /#%( >0120#$C( #?$( N0%K( N$0>(
#?$(70%$(9"4(#?$(":$1("7$01%'( :4$%L>$2( #?0#( #?$( h:407#/7$%e( 4$9$44$2( #"( P$4$( #?"%$(
L%$2( /1( :4$:04/18( 01( 0%%$%%>$1#( 4$:"4#( $'8'( 7""42/10G
,;#?"L8?( 0%%$%%>$1#%( 04$( 0/>$2( 0#( 2$%74/6/18( 7L4G #/"1( "9( 7"1#4/6L#"4%C( %51#?$%/%( 012( 010;5%/%( "9( %7/$1#/9/7(
4$1#( 7"12/#/"1%C( 012( #?$( $=#$1#( #"( P?/7?( #?$5( 7"1%#/G 012( %"7/"G$7"1">/7( /19"4>0#/"1( 012( :4"7$2L4$%( L%$2(
#L#$( ?0<042%( "4( 4/%K%( #"( >01( 012( #?$( $13/4"1>$1#C( /#( /1(%$;$7#/18(:4/"4/#5(/%%L$%(012(2$#$4>/1012%'(N?$(#$4>(
/%( 1"#( 1$7$%%045( #"( 2$%74/6$( /1( 2$#0/;( 0;;( 7?018$%( 012( >/8?#( 0;%"( 6$( 0::;/$2( #"( #?$( >$#?"2";"8/$%( L%$2( /1(
$99$7#%(0%%"7/0#$2(P/#?(:04#/7L;04(:407#/7$%("4(:4":$4#/$%( 07bL/4/18( %7/$1#/9/7( 20#0( $'8'( %0>:;/18C( >$0%L4$>$1#C(
#?4"L8?"L#( #?$( $1#/4$( 0%%$%%>$1#( 04$0'( A1( >015( 70%$%( %#0#/%#/70;( 2$%/81( 012( %"( 9"4#?C( 6L#( #?/%( /%( 904( #""( 64"02(
/#(P/;;(6$(7;$04(94">(030/;06;$(/19"4>0#/"1(#?0#(0(:4"6;$>( 0(%L6d$7#(#"(6$(0224$%%$2(/1(2$#0/;(0#(#?/%($04;5(%#08$(/1(
$=/%#%(012(#?0#(4$>$2/0;(>$0%L4$%(04$(4$bL/4$2'(B1(#?$( 2$3$;":/18(#?$(4$8L;04(:4"7$%%'(
"#?$4(?012C(/9(#?$(7?018$%("77L44/18(04$(1"#(5$#(7"1%/2G
$4$2(:4"6;$>0#/7C(6L#(7"L;2($%70;0#$C(#?$1(%">$(9"4>("9( A1( #?$( 06%$17$( "9( 74/#$4/0( 0%( #"( P?0#( 7"1%#/#L#$%( 0( %0#G
#4$12( >"1/#"4/18( P/;;( 6$( 1$7$%%045( 012( #?$( 06%$17$( "9( /%907#"45( )..%..9%60( :4"7$%%C( /#( /%( 2/99/7L;#( #"( 7">>$1#(
#/>$G%$4/$%( >$0%L4$>$1#%( P"L;2( 6$( 01( />:"4#01#( 80:( "1( #?$( %L/#06/;/#5( "9( :4"7$2L4$%( 02":#$2( 65( /12/3/2L0;(
/1(/19"4>0#/"1'(+/>/;04;5C(P?$4$(4$>$2/0;(>$0%L4$%(?03$( %#L2/$%'(-"%#(%#L2/$%("9($13/4"1>$1#0;(7"12/#/"1%(/1(#?$(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(9\
":$1("7$01(04$(1"#(2$%/81$2(0%(0%%$%%>$1#%(012(>05(
?03$( 3$45( 2/99$4$1#( "6d$7#/3$%'( F"1%$bL$1#;5C( $=:$4/G
>$1#0;( 2$%/81C( 20#0( :4"7$%%/18( 012( /1#$4:4$#0#/"1( 04$(
%$;2">( ":#/>0;( 9"4( 0%%$%%>$1#( :L4:"%$%'( D$PC( /9( 015C(
$13/4"1>$1#0;( %#012042%( "4( 74/#$4/0( 0::;5( #"( 7"12/#/"1%(
/1( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( 012C( "L#%/2$( 9/%?$4/$%( %7/$17$C( /#( /%(
8$1$40;;5( 2/99/7L;#( 9"4( %7/$1#/%#%( #"( $30;L0#$( #?$( %$3$4/#5(
"4(077$:#06/;/#5("9(:04#/7L;04(7"12/#/"1%("4(#"(7">>$1#("1(
>0108$>$1#G4$;0#$2(/%%L$%'

A1( >015( 4$%:$7#%C( ":$1( "7$01( $13/4"1>$1#%( 2/99$4(

>04K$2;5( 94">( 7"0%#0;( 012( %?$;9G%$0( 04$0%( 012( #?$/4(
/13$%#/80#/"1(4$bL/4$%(?/8?;5(%:$7/0;/%$2(#$7?1/bL$%(012(
:$4%"11$;'( F"1%$bL$1#;5C( "1$( "9( #?$( 3%.0# 4*)-05-%.( /1(
7"12L7#/18(":$1("7$01(0%%$%%>$1#%(P"L;2(6$(#"(L#/;/<$(
#?$($=:$4#/%$("9(4$%$047?(/1%#/#L#$%(012(20#0(7$1#4$%(%:$G
7/0;/%/18( /1( "7$01( %7/$17$%( %L7?( 0%( "7$01U0#>"%:?$4$(
$=7?018$%C( 7;/>0#";"85( 012( 4$>"#$( %$1%/18C( "1$( "9(
P?/7?(P"L;2(#0K$(#?$(;$02(4";$(/1(:4$:04/18(#?$(0%%$%%G
>$1#(4$:"4#'(,(%>0;;(1$#P"4K("9($%#06;/%?>$1#%C(%#40#$8/G
70;;5(;"70#$2(#"(7"3$4(#?$(>0d"4("7$01(60%/1%C(7"L;2(6$(
2$3$;":$2(9"4(#?/%(:L4:"%$'

A1( 4$;0#/"1( #"( >$#?"2";"8/$%C( )*+,-.( 07K1"P;$28$%(

#?$( />:"4#017$( "9( /2$1#/95/18( #?"%$( %L/#06;$( 9"4( 64"02(
0::;/70#/"1C( /17;L2/18( P?$4$( ;"18G#$4>( #4$12( >$0G
%L4$>$1#%( 04$( 4$bL/4$2'( A1( $30;L0#/18( #?$( %#0#L%( "9(
K1"P;$28$( "1( 7"1#0>/10#/"1( /1( "7$01( $13/4"1>$1#%C(
)*+,-.( ?0%( $12$03"L4$2( #"( /2$1#/95( :L6;/70#/"1%(
2$%74/6/18( >$#?"2";"8/$%( #?0#( 7"L;2C( P/#?( 7"19/2$17$C(
6$( L%$2( 4"L#/1$;5( /1( #?$( 9/$;2%( 7"17$41$2'( N?/%( P0%(
0;%"( 0( 7"1%/2$40#/"1( /1( %$;$7#/18( :0:$4%( 9"4( 010;5%/%(
L%/18( #?$(,",( #$>:;0#$%( 012( 9"4( /17;L%/"1( /1( #?$( %L>G
>04/$%( @+$7#/"1( OJ( 012( 6/6;/"840:?/$%'( `"P$3$4C( >"%#(
>$#?"2";"8/$%( 04$( %L6d$7#( #"( 7"1#/1L"L%( 7?018$( 012(
/>:4"3$>$1#'( ^$2L7/18( L17$4#0/1#/$%C( 9"4( $=0>:;$C( 65(
/>:4"3/18(#?$(077L4075C(:4$7/%/"1C(%#06/;/#5("9(>$0%L4$G
>$1#(%5%#$>%C(%?"L;2(6$(%$$1(0%(01(/1#$840;(:04#("9(#?$(
>$#?"2%(2$3$;":>$1#(:4"7$%%'

9H$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
?$ *'""&56$#%$)4&>'&2!#(*

?79$/VIJ$BOL[VO$"VK1MQ$&IIQIISQMJI N?$(M[[S(En(^"50;(+"7/$#5(4$:"4#(hB7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(
2L$(#"(/174$0%/18(0#>"%:?$4/7(7046"1(2/"=/2$e(@^03$1(
,(1L>6$4("9(8;"60;(>04/1$(0%%$%%>$1#%C(6"#?(7">:4$G
$#( 0;'C( M[[SJ( 40/%$2( >0d"4( 7"17$41%( "1( #?$( />:07#%( "9(
?$1%/3$( 012( #?$>0#/7C( ?03$( 6$$1( 7044/$2( "L#( "3$4( #?$(
"7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(9"4(>04/1$(:;01K#"1C(/1(:04#/7L;04(9"4(
:0%#( MS( 5$04%'(N?$( $=#$1#( #"( P?/7?( #?$%$( 0%%$%%>$1#%(
70;7/95/18("4801/%>%(012(>04/1$($7"%5%#$>%'(B7$01/7(
2$0;#( P/#?( 01#?4":"8$1/7( /1:L#%( #"( #?$( ":$1( "7$01%( /%(
FBM(L:#0K$(?0%(0;4$025(4$2L7$2(%L4907$(P0#$4(:`(65(
%L>>04/<$2(6$;"P'
['&( L1/#%( %/17$( :4$G/12L%#4/0;( #/>$%'( N?$( %"7/"G$7"G
1">/7($99$7#("9("7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(7"L;2(6$(%L6%#01#/0;'(
)*+,-.( L12$4#""K( 0( %$4/$%( "9( 4$3/$P%( "1( #?$( />:;/G N?$( 4$:"4#( /12/70#$2( #?0#( L1;$%%( %/81/9/701#( 4$2L7#/"1%(
70#/"1%( "9( 7"1#0>/101#%( 9"4( #?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#( 04$(>02$(/1(8;"60;(FBM($>/%%/"1%C(#?$(+"L#?$41(B7$01(
@)*+,-.C( &XZMC( &XX[C( M[[&0C( M[[&6J'( N?$( 4$:"4#%( P/;;( 6$7">$( L12$4%0#L40#$2( 65( M&[[( 9"4( 0408"1/#$C(
9"L12( #?0#( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( P0%( ;$%%( 099$7#$2( 65( :";;L#G P?/7?(/%(L%$2(65(%">$("4801/%>%(#"(>0K$(70;704$"L%(
01#%(#?01(7"0%#0;(04$0%' %?$;;%(012(%K$;$#"1%'(N?$(4$:"4#(7"17;L2$2(#?0#("7$01(
07/2/9/70#/"1(/%(0(:"P$49L;(4$0%"1C(/1(022/#/"1(#"(7;/>0#$(
N?$( )*+,-.( @&XZMJ( 4$:"4#( /12/70#$2( /174$0%$2( 7"1G 7?018$C(9"4(4$2L7/18(01#?4":"8$1/7(FBM($>/%%/"1%(/1#"(
7$1#40#/"1%( "9( 7046"1( 2/"=/2$( @FBMJC( ;$02C( 012( %">$( #?$(0#>"%:?$4$'
402/"1L7;/2$%(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01C(0%(P$;;(0%(/174$0%$%("9(
#04G60;;%C("/;(%;/7K%(012(?$035(>$#0;(;$3$;%(0;"18(%?/::/18( N?$(4$:"4#(65(#?$()$4>01(,23/%"45(F"L17/;("1();"60;(
;01$%'(!"(%/81/9/701#($99$7#%("9(#?$%$(7"1#0>/101#%(P$4$( F?018$( @I)WEQ( +7?L6$4#( $#( 0;'C( M[[\J( 2/%7L%%$2(
2$#$7#$2(P/#?/1(":$1("7$01($7"%5%#$>%'( "7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(65("7$01/7(L:#0K$("9(01#?4":"8$1/7(
FBM'(N?$(4$:"4#(:4":"%$2(0(%09$8L042(9"4("7$01(07/2/9/G
N?$()*+,-.(@&XX[J(4$:"4#(9"L12(#?0#(;"P(;$3$;%("9(;$02C( 70#/"1C(;/>/#/18(#?$(:`(2$74$0%$("9("7$01/7(1$04G%L4907$(
%51#?$#/7("4801/7(7">:"L12%(012(04#/9/7/0;(402/"1L7;/2$%( P0#$4%(#"(['M(:`(L1/#%(6$;"P(#?$(:4$G/12L%#4/0;(03$408$(
P$4$( P/2$;5( 2$#$7#06;$( /1( #?$( ":$1( "7$01C( P?/;$( "/;( /1(015(;048$4("7$01(4$8/"1'(N?$(%09$8L042(2$>0470#$%(
%;/7K%(012(;/##$4(P$4$(7">>"1("1(%?/::/18(;01$%'(N?$%$( #?$( ;/>/#%( "9( 2$%/406;$( 012( %L%#0/106;$( 2$3$;":>$1#(
7"1#0>/101#%(P$4$(6/";"8/70;;5(/1%/81/9/701#("4(?02(0(;"P( #40d$7#"4/$%(/1(4$8042(#"(FBM($>/%%/"1%'
/>:07#("1(>04/1$("4801/%>%(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01'(!L#4/$1#(
9;L=$%( P$4$( 2$#$7#06;$( 6$5"12( #?$( 7"1#/1$1#0;( %?$;3$%'( N?$( 84"P/18( />:"4#017$( "9( $13/4"1>$1#0;( 0%%$%%>$1#(
N?$( 4$:"4#( 4$7">>$12$2( 60%$;/1$( >$0%L4$>$1#%( 0#( 0( #"( :";/75( 4$3/$P( 012( 9"4>L;0#/"1( /%( %?"P1( 65( %$3$40;(
%>0;;(1L>6$4("9(>"1/#"4/18(%/#$%' 4$7$1#(8;"60;(/1/#/0#/3$%(#?0#(0224$%%(0%:$7#%("9(#?$(":$1(
"7$01%'( N?$( -/;;$1/L>( *7"%5%#$>( ,%%$%%>$1#( @-*,C(
A1( /#%( 4$:"4#( 8# :%)# ,/# D*,'3(%.C( )*+,-.( @M[[&0J( 7"1G M[[SJ(0%%$%%$2(#?$(7"1%$bL$17$%("9($7"%5%#$>(7?018$(
7;L2$2(#?0#(#?$(":$1("7$01(P0%(7"1#0>/10#$2(P/#?(%L6G 9"4(?L>01(P$;;G6$/18(012($%#06;/%?$2(#?$(%7/$1#/9/7(60%/%(
%#017$%(#?0#(04$(P/2$;5(2/%:$4%$2(65(0#>"%:?$4/7(#401%G 9"4( 07#/"1%( 1$$2$2( #"( $1?017$( #?$( 7"1%$430#/"1( 012(
:"4#C(%L7?(0%(1/#4"8$1C(;$02C(>$47L45(012(3";0#/;$("4801/7( %L%#0/106;$( L%$( "9( $7"%5%#$>%( 012( #?$/4( 7"1#4/6L#/"1%( #"(
%L6%#017$%( @aBF%J'( N?$( 07#/"1( :"/1#%( 4$7">>$12$2( /1( ?L>01(P$;;G6$/18'(I?$4$0%(#?$(-*,(0%%$%%$2(7?018$%(
#?$(4$:"4#(P$4$T(&J(#"(4$2L7$(07#/3/#/$%(4$%L;#/18(/1(0#>"G #"(6"#?(7"0%#0;(012(>04/1$(@"7$01J(04$0%C("3$49/%?/18(P0%(
%:?$4/7(#401%:"4#("9(:";;L#01#%(#"(#?$("7$01C(MJ(#"(>"1/#"4( 7"1%/2$4$2( #"( 6$( #?$( >0d"4( /%%L$( 7L44$1#;5( 099$7#/18( #?$(
#?$($=:;"/#0#/"1("9(2$$:G%$0(1"1G;/3/18(4$%"L47$%C(012(#?$( ":$1("7$01%'(A1(022/#/"1C(#?$(%/81/9/7017$("9(1L#4/$1#(/1:L#%(
"7$01/7(4$%:"1%$%(#"(7;/>0#$(7?018$(012(1/#4"8$1(/1:L#%( 012(FBM(%$bL$%#40#/"1(9"4(:4"2L7#/3/#5C($%:$7/0;;5("9(9/%?$4G
012( #"( #0K$( 0::4":4/0#$( 07#/"1C( OJ( #"( 0%%$%%( #?$( 7"1%$G /$%C(P$4$(%0/2(#"(P04401#(>"4$(2$#0/;$2(/13$%#/80#/"1'(N?$(
bL$17$%("9(?L>01(/1#$43$1#/"1%(%L7?(0%(/4"1(9$4#/;/%0#/"1( )4"L:( "1( *04#?( B6%$430#/"1%( @)*BC( M[[YJC( $%#06;/%?$2(
012(2$$:("7$01(7046"1(%$bL$%#40#/"1(012(RJ(#"(4$7"81/<$( /1(M[[S(012(/13";3/18("3$4(&[[(8"3$41>$1#%(012(;$02/18(
#?0#(8;"60;(0::4"07?$%(04$(4$bL/4$2(#"(0224$%%(:4"6;$>%( /1#$410#/"10;( "4801/<0#/"1%C( /%( 7""42/10#/18( #?$( 7"1%#4L7G
/1(#?$(":$1("7$01' #/"1( "9( 0( );"60;( *04#?( B6%$430#/"1( +5%#$>( "9( +5%#$>%(
@)*B++JC( #"( 6$( /1( :;07$( 65( #?$( 5$04( M[&S'( N?$( )*B(
+*,0%-056&# 01%# N-%)6.# /*,9# O)67?3).%7# 8-05=505%.( 4$7"81/<$%( #?$( 1$$2( #"( ;/1K( 012( $=:012( *04#?( "6%$430G
@)*+,-.C( M[[&6J( 012( #?$( E!*.( @M[[\J( 2"7L>$1#( #/"1%(%5%#$>%C(#?$4$65($1%L4/18(#?0#(20#0(012(/19"4>0#/"1(
D,A)*7.# )6# !"<+# <6=5*,69%60)(# P)0-1# :E.0%9( >0/1;5( 4$>0/1(L1/3$4%0;;5(077$%%/6;$(012(0;;"P/18(L%$4%(#"(80/1(0(
2/%7L%%$2( />:07#%( /1( #?$( 7"0%#0;( <"1$'( N?$( -/;;$1/L>( 7">:;$#$(:/7#L4$("9(#?$(:;01$#'(N?$()*B(2"$%(1"#(L12$4G
*7"%5%#$>(,%%$%%>$1#(@-*,C(M[[SJ(:4"3/2$2(0(7">:4$G #0K$(0%%$%%$>$1#%(4%*#.%(6L#(P/;;(8$1$40#$(20#0(:4"2L7#%(
?$1%/3$( "3$43/$P( "9( 01#?4":"8$1/7( /1:L#%( #"( #?$( 8;"60;( /1( 9/$;2%( %L7?( 0%( "7$01G0#>"%:?$4$( $=7?018$%C( "7$01(
"7$01%C(/17;L2/18(FBMC(+BM(012(1/#4"8$1'(A#(>05(:4"3/2$( 7/47L;0#/"1C(%$0(;$3$;%(012(>04/1$(6/"8$"7?$>/%#45(#?0#(P/;;(
0(L%$9L;(4$9$4$17$(9"4(8;"60;(0%%$%%>$1#(:L4:"%$%' 6$($%%$1#/0;(9"4(9L#L4$(0%%$%%>$1#%("9(#?$(":$1("7$01%'

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(9@
N?$( );"60;( A1#$410#/"10;( I0#$4%( ,%%$%%>$1#( @)AI,Q( N?$(40:/2(/12L%#4/0;(012($7"1">/7(84"P#?(/1(#?$(2$3$;":G
E!*.C( M[[\J( 7">:4/%$2( 0( %5%#$>0#/7( 0%%$%%>$1#( "9( /18( P"4;2( P/;;( 4$%L;#( /1( /174$0%/18( #401%:"4#( 012( 2$:"%/G
$13/4"1>$1#0;( 7"12/#/"1%( 012( :4"6;$>%( /1( #401%6"L12G #/"1( "9( 0( 304/$#5( "9( 7?$>/70;%( /1#"( #?$( "7$01( 2"P1P/12(
045( P0#$4%( /17;L2/18( >04/1$C( 7"0%#0;( 012( 94$%?P0#$4( "9( #?"%$( 04$0%'(( D"4( $=0>:;$C( HL7$( $#( 0;'( @M[[ZJ( ?03$(
04$0%( 0%( P$;;( 84"L12( P0#$4%'( A#( 9"7L%$2( "1( 94$%?P0#$4( 70;7L;0#$2(#?0#(94">(M[[[(#"(M[O[(#?$(2$:"%/#/"1(#"(#?$(
%?"4#08$C( :";;L#/"1C( "3$49/%?/18( 012( "#?$4( #?4$0#%( #"( "7$01("9(01#?4":"8$1/7(1/#4"8$1(%:$7/$%(P/;;(/174$0%$(65(
0bL0#/7(;/3/18(4$%"L47$%C(?06/#0#(012(7">>L1/#5(>"2/9/G 0(907#"4("9(M(/1(>04/1$(04$0%(04"L12(+"L#?$0%#(,%/0C(#?$(
70#/"1C( 012( 8;"60;( 7?018$C( L%/18( 70L%0;( 7?0/1( 010;5%/%( W05( "9( W$180;( 012( #?$(,406/01( +$0C( P/#?( /174$0%$%( "9(
#"( ;/1K( :4"6;$>%( P/#?( #?$/4( %"7/"G$7"1">/7( 70L%$%( 012( L:(#"(S[c("99(P$%#(,94/70(012(L:(#"(O[c(074"%%($%%$1G
$99$7#%'( N?$( )AI,( 4$7"81/<$2( #?$( /1$=#4/706;$( ;/1K%( #/0;;5( 0;;( "9( #?$( !"4#?( .07/9/7'(( *;;/"##( $#( 0;'( @&XXYJ( ?03$(
6$#P$$1( 94$%?P0#$4( 012( 7"0%#0;( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#%( %?"P1( #?0#( /174$0%/18( 2$3$;":>$1#( /1( F?/10( P/;;( 4$%L;#(
012( #?L%C( P/#?( #?$( $=7$:#/"1( "9( 7$4#0/1( /%;012( 7?0/1%( /1( %/81/9/701#( 7?018$%( /1( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 7?$>/%#45(
/1( #?$( F044/6$01C( A12/01( 012( .07/9/7( B7$01%C( /#( 2/2( 1"#( 012( %L6%$bL$1#( 2$:"%/#/"1( #"( #?$( !"4#?( .07/9/7( B7$01(
$=#$12(6$5"12(#?$(7"1#/1$1#0;(%?$;9'( "9( 1/#4"8$1( 012( /4"1( %:$7/$%C( P/#?( :"%%/6;$( />:07#%( "1(
:;01K#"1($7"2510>/7%'

?7:$&JSLIXUQK1R$!MXWJI
4././,?#!@;,A#&!2"
4./.-,, >#%#+!2,:%&+86*7&(8%
Q60*,7'-05,6
)0%$"L%( 012( :04#/7L;0#$( %L6%#017$%( :4$%$1#( /1( #?$(
,(1L>6$4("9(?$035(>$#0;%(04$(#401%:"4#$2(/1(#?$(0#>"G
0#>"%:?$4$( 701( 2$:"%/#( 012U"4( $=7?018$( 2/4$7#;5( "1(
%:?$4$( 94">( #?$( 7"1#/1$1#%( #"( ":$1( "7$01( 4$8/"1%'(
#?$("7$01(%L4907$C(012(#?$5(701(0;%"(6$(/17"4:"40#$2(/1(
I?/;$(0#>"%:?$4/7(>$#0;(2$:"%/#/"1(/%(84$0#$4(/1(7"0%#0;(
:4$7/:/#0#/"1'( H/4$7#( >$0%L4$>$1#( "9( #?$( 9;L=$%( "9(>"%#(
4$8/"1%( 012( #?$( 20#0( 04$( >"4$( 1L>$4"L%( /1( #?$%$(
80%$%( 012( "9( :04#/7;$%( 94">( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( #"( #?$( %$0(
4$8/"1%C( #?/%( 010;5%/%( 9"7L%$%( "1( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( 012(
%L4907$( ?03$( 6$$1( 0##$>:#$2C( 6L#( #?$5( ?03$( 8$1$40;;5(
7"1%/2$4%( #?$( ?$035( >$#0;%( >$47L45( @`8JC( ;$02( @.6JC(
6$$1(L1%L77$%%9L;("4(#?$(>$01/18("9(#?$(4$%L;#%(":$1(#"(
702>/L>(@F2JC(04%$1/7(@,%JC(1/7K$;(@!/J(012(7"::$4(@FLJ'(
%/81/9/701#(2"L6#'(`"P$3$4C(:4"3/2$2(84$0#(704$(/%(#0K$1(
I?/;$( #?$4$( 04$( 10#L40;( %"L47$%( 9"4( 0;;( "9( #?$%$( >$#0;%C(
/1(40/1(%0>:;$(7";;$7#/"1(012(010;5%/%C(>$01/189L;(/19"4G
01#?4":"8$1/7( %"L47$%( 2">/10#$( 9"4( #?"%$( "6%$43$2(
>0#/"1(701(6$("6#0/1$2(9"4(:4$7/:/#0#/"1(9;L=$%'(A1(>"%#(
/1( #?$( 4$>"#$( >04/1$( 0#>"%:?$4$C( :04#/7L;04;5( /1( #?$(
70%$%( #?$( 2$:"%/#/"1( "9( :04#/7;$%( 012( 80%$%C( P?$#?$4(
!"4#?$41(`$>/%:?$4$'(`"P$3$4C(#?$(%"L47$%(2/99$4(P/2$G
2/4$7#;5("4(#?4"L8?(40/1C(/%("6#0/1$2(65(01(/12/4$7#(>"2$;G
;5(2$:$12/18("1(#?$(>$#0;'
;/18(0::4"07?'

*30;L0#/18( ?$035( >$#0;( /1:L#%( 94">( #?$( :$4%:$7#/3$( "9(

N?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(4$%/2$17$(#/>$("9(0(7"1#0>/101#(/%(:$4G
0>6/$1#(7"17$1#40#/"1%(?0%(94$bL$1#;5(6$$1(7"1%/2$4$2C(
?0:%(#?$(>"%#(74/#/70;(907#"4(/1(2$#$4>/1/18(P?$#?$4(#?$4$(
%/17$(07#L0;(20#0("1(>$#0;(2$:"%/#/"1(#"(#?$(":$1("7$01(
P/;;(6$(%/81/9/701#(#401%:"4#("9(#?$(7"1#0>/101#%(#"(":$1(
04$( 3$45( %:04%$'( N?$( ?/8?$%#( 7"17$1#40#/"1%( "9( ?$035(
"7$01(4$8/"1%'(A1(8$1$40;C(/9(#?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(4$%/2$17$(
>$#0;%( /1( 6"#?( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( 012( >04/1$( P0#$4%( 04$(
#/>$( "9( 0( %L6%#017$( /%( %?"4#C( /'$'C( 205%C( #?$( %L6%#017$(
8$1$40;;5( 9"L12( 1$04G%?"4$( 7;"%$( #"( /12L%#4/0;/<$2( 012(
P/;;( "1;5( 6$( #401%:"4#$2( "1( #?$( ;"70;( #"( 4$8/"10;( %70;$'(
?/8?;5( :":L;0#$2( 04$0%C( 6L#( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( :04#/7;$%(
+L6%#017$%(P/#?(4$%/2$17$(#/>$%("9(P$$K%(701(6$(#401%G
70445/18( #?$%$( >$#0;%( 701( 6$( bL/7K;5( #401%:"4#$2( #"(
:"4#$2( "1( #?$( ?$>/%:?$4/7( %70;$C( P?/;$( #?"%$( P/#?( 4$%/G
":$1( "7$01( 4$8/"1%'( H0#0( 04$( 3$45( %:04%$( 9"4( 0;;( "9(
2$17$(#/>$%("9(>"4$(#?01(&GM(5$04%(701(6$(#401%:"4#$2(
#?$%$( >$#0;%( $1#$4/18( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( 94">( #?$( 0#>"G
8;"60;;5(@+$/19$;2(012(.012/%C(&XXZJ'(
%:?$4$( 012( /1( >"%#( 70%$%( #?$4$( /%( ;/##;$( /19"4>0#/"1( "1(
#?$( %:$7/0#/"1( @/'$'C( 7?$>/70;( 9"4>J( "9( #?$( >$#0;%( P?$1(
+L6%#017$%( :4$%$1#( "1( :04#/7;$%C( %L7?( 0%( >"%#( ?$035(
#?$5( 04$( 2$:"%/#$2( "1( #?$( "7$01( %L4907$'( .$4?0:%( #?$(
>$#0;%C( P/;;( 8$1$40;;5( ?03$( 4$;0#/3$;5( %?"4#( 4$%/2$17$(
>"%#($=#$1%/3$(4$3/$P("9(#?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#("9(?$035(
#/>$%(@205%(#"(0(P$$K("4(%"JC(012(#?$/4(4$>"30;C($/#?$4(
>$#0;%(#"(#?$(":$1("7$01(P0%()*+,-.(@&XZXJ(012(#?$(
65( 40/1( "4( 245( 2$:"%/#/"1( #"( #?$( "7$01( %L4907$C( P/;;(
d"L410;( :L6;/70#/"1( P?/7?( P0%( 2$4/3$2( 94">( /#( @HL7$( $#(
8$1$40;;5( 6$( "1( 0( ;"70;( #"( 4$8/"10;( %70;$C( /1( :04#/7L;04(
0;'C(&XX&J'(`"P$3$4C(#?$%$(:L6;/70#/"1%(04$(1"P(0;>"%#(
7;"%$(#"(7"0%#;/1$%(9"4(#$44$%#4/0;(%"L47$%("4(1$04(>0d"4(
M[(5$04%(";2'()*+,-.(?0%(4$7$1#;5(L12$4#0K$1(#P"(1$P(
%?/::/18(;01$%(9"4(%?/:G60%$2(%"L47$%'(N?/%(/%(0;%"(#?$(
P"4K/18( 84"L:%( /1( #?/%( "3$40;;( 04$0T( )*+,-.( I"4K/18(
70%$( 9"4( 80%$%( P/#?( %?"4#( 4$%/2$17$( #/>$%'( _"18G;/3$2(
)4"L:( OY( G( *=:012$2( %7/$1#/9/7( 4$3/$P( "9( >$47L45( 012(
80%$%(%L7?(0%(FBM(012(%">$("9(#?$(:$4%/%#$1#("4801/7(
/#%( 7">:"L12%( 012( #?4$0#%( #"( #?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#Q(
:";;L#01#%(@.B.%JC(P?/7?(?03$(0#>"%:?$4/7(;/9$#/>$%("9(
012()*+,-.(I"4K/18()4"L:(OZ(G(,#>"%:?$4/7(A1:L#("9(
2$702$%C( 04$( 2/%#4/6L#$2( >"4$( L1/9"4>;5( 8;"60;;5( 012(
F?$>/70;%(#"(#?$(B7$01'
#?$/4( /1:L#( #"( #?$( "7$01( /%( ;048$;5( /12$:$12$1#( "9( #?$(
2/%#4/6L#/"1("9(#?$/4(%"L47$%'

:a$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
A1( 022/#/"1( #"( %"L47$%( "1( #?$( 7"1#/1$1#%C( ?$035( >$#0;%( :;0#$%(9"4($07?(%#L25C(012(#?$5(/17;L2$(%L7?(>$#0;%(012(
04$( $>/##$2( #"( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( #?4"L8?( #?$( 7">6L%#/"1( >$#0;;"/2%( 0%( %$;$1/L>C( 01#/>"15C( >01801$%$C( 7"60;#C(
"9( 9L$;%( 65( %?/:%'( ,%%L>/18( #?0#( >L7?( "9( #?$( ?$035( 012(7?4">/L>'
>$#0;(7"1#$1#("9(%?/:($=?0L%#($3$1#L0;;5($12%(L:(/1(":$1(
"7$01(P0#$4%C(#?$%$(%?"L;2(6$(7"1%/2$4$2(/1(01(0%%$%%G R%.-*5405,6#)67#N*5&56
>$1#("9(?$035(>$#0;%($1#$4/18(#?$(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#'(
N?$( B+.,^( F">>/%%/"1( @M[[[J( ;""K$2( %:$7/9/70;;5( 0#( -$47L45
?$035(>$#0;%(;$07?$2(94">(%?/:%(0#(%$0(/1(#?$(!"4#?$0%#( N?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(7?$>/%#45("9(>$47L45(012(/#%(2$:"%/#/"1(
,#;01#/7( @)4$0#$4( !"4#?( +$0J( 4$8/"1( 012( 7"17;L2$2( #?0#( #"(#?$("7$01(04$(3$45(2/99$4$1#(94">(#?$("#?$4(?$035(>$#G
#?$( 84$0#$%#( ?$035( >$#0;( />:07#( 94">( %?/:%( P0%( 94">( 0;%( 0224$%%$2( ?$4$'( N?/%( /%( :4/>04/;5( 6$70L%$( >$47L45(
#?$(;$07?/18("9(01#/G9"L;/18(:0/1#%(012(7"0#/18%(012(94">( $=/%#%( #"( 0( %/81/9/701#( 2$84$$( /1( 80%$"L%( 9"4>( /1( #?$(
01"2$%'( I?/;$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#%( P$4$( 7"1%/2$4$2( /1( 0#>"%:?$4$(012(L12$48"$%(0(1L>6$4("9(4$07#/"1%(;$02G
#?/%( 0%%$%%>$1#C( #?$4$( P0%( 1"( $%#/>0#/"1( "9( #?$( $=#$1#( /18(#"(0(304/$#5("9(6"#?(80%$"L%(012(:04#/7L;0#$(>$47L45(
#"(P?/7?(0#>"%:?$4/7(7"17$1#40#/"1%(7"L;2(6$(0##4/6L#$2( %:$7/$%'( N?/%( /%( /1( 7"1#40%#( #"( #?$( "#?$4( >$#0;%C( P?/7?(
%:$7/9/70;;5( #"( %?/::/18'( -015( $=:$4#%( ?5:"#?$%/<$( #?0#( :4/>04/;5($=/%#(/1(:04#/7L;0#$(9"4>(/1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(012(
#?$(?$035(>$#0;(/1:L#%(94">(%?/::/18(>05(6$(>"4$(94">( 04$C(#"(0(;048$($=#$1#C(1"1G4$07#/3$'(N?$(2">/101#(9"4>(
%:/;;$2(012(2/%7?048$2("/;C(012(94">(01#/G9"L;/18(012(01#/G "9(>$47L45(/1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(/%(80%$"L%($;$>$1#0;(>$4G
7"44"%/3$(:0/1#%(012(7"0#/18%(L%$2("1(%?/:%C(#?01(94">( 7L45C( 0;#?"L8?( 80%( :?0%$( /"1/7( >$47L45( /%( 0;%"( 9"L12'(
0#>"%:?$4/7($>/%%/"1%' N?$( :4/>045( 9"4>( "9( >$47L45( #?0#( /%( 2$:"%/#$2( #"( #?$(
"7$01( /%( 2/30;$1#( /"1/7( >$47L45( @`8( MoJ( /1( 40/1C( 6L#( #?$(
N?$4$(?03$(6$$1(1"(#4L$(0%%$%%>$1#%("9(#?$(/>:07#("9( 245(2$:"%/#/"1("9(80%(:?0%$(/"1/7(>$47L45(>05(0;%"(6$(
0#>"%:?$4/7(?$035(>$#0;%("1(#?$(":$1("7$01C(6L#(#?$4$( />:"4#01#(@D/#<8$40;2($#(0;'C(M[[YJ'
?03$( 6$$1( 0( 1L>6$4( "9( %7/$1#/9/7( :0:$4%( /1( #?$( :$$4G
4$3/$P$2( ;/#$40#L4$( #?0#( ?03$( 0224$%%$2( 0%:$7#%( "9(#?/%( N?$4$( /%( 7;$04( $3/2$17$( #?0#( ?L>01( 07#/3/#/$%( ?03$(
#":/7( /1( 2/99$4$1#( 4$8/"1%'( D"4( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( 4$8/"1%( %$3$4$;5(0;#$4$2(#?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(757;/18("9(>$47L45'(A#(?0%(
7"3$4$2(65(#?$(N0%K(N$0>(4$:"4#C(N06;$(,(@.%%#<@%-'05=%# 6$$1($%#/>0#$2(#?0#(/1(#?$(:0%#(M[[(5$04%(#?$(8;"60;(0#>"G
:'99)*EJ( %?"P%( #?$( 8$"840:?/70;( 2/%#4/6L#/"1( "9( #?$( %:?$4/7(6L42$1("9(>$47L45(?0%(/174$0%$2(06"L#(#?4$$G9";2(
4$:"4#%( #?0#( ?03$( :4"3/2$2( #?$( /19"4>0#/"1( %L>>04/<$2( 0%(0(4$%L;#("9(?L>01(07#/3/#/$%'(N?/%(?0%(;$02(#"(:$4?0:%(
?$4$'( F;$04;5( #?$4$( ?0%( 6$$1( >L7?( >"4$( P"4K( 2"1$( /1( 0( 2"L6;/18( "9( #?$( /1:L#( "9( >$47L45( 94">( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$(
8$1$40;( "1( >$#0;%( /1( #?$(,#;01#/7( B7$01( #?01( #?$( "#?$4( #"( #?$( "7$01( "3$4( #?0#( #/>$( :$4/"2( @+;$>4( 012( _018$4C(
"7$01%C( 012( 0;%"( >L7?( >"4$( /1( #?$( !"4#?$41( #?01( #?$( &XXMJ'(`L>01(07#/3/#/$%(7;$04;5(2">/10#$(#$44$%#4/0;(10#LG
+"L#?$41(`$>/%:?$4$'(D"4($=0>:;$C(S\c("9(#?$(4$:"4#%( 40;(%"L47$%(9"4(>$47L45(/1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$'(`"P$3$4C(#?$(
$30;L0#$2( 9"4( >$#0;%( 7"1%/2$4$2( /1:L#( #"( #?$( !"4#?( >$47L45( /1:L#( #"( #?$( "7$01( >05( 07#L0;;5( 6$( 2$74$0%/18(
,#;01#/7'( N06;$( M( :4$%$1#%( /19"4>0#/"1( "1( #?$( 1L>6$4( /1( %">$( 4$8/"1%( /1( 4$7$1#( #/>$%'( D"4( $=0>:;$C( #?$4$( /%(
012( :$47$1#08$%( "9( #?$( #"#0;( ?$035( >$#0;( :0:$4%( #?0#( $3/2$17$(#?0#(/1(#?$(L::$4(4$07?$%("9(#?$(P0#$4(7";L>1("9(
P$4$(9"L12(9"4($07?(>$#0;(/1(#?$(304/"L%(4$8/"1%'(N?$%$( #?$("7$01(1$04(W$4>L20C(>$47L45(>05(?03$(2$74$0%$2(
4$%L;#%( P/;;( 6$( 2/%7L%%$2( 6$;"P( L12$4( $07?( /12/3/2L0;( 65(0(907#"4("9(06"L#(#P"(94">(&XYX(#"(M[[[(@-0%"1(012(
>$#0;'( -015( "9( #?$( 4$9$4$17$2( :0:$4%( $30;L0#$2( #?$( )/;;C( M[[SJ'( *3$1( #?"L8?( #?$4$( /%( %">$( $3/2$17$( #?0#(
/1:L#( "9( 022/#/"10;( >$#0;%( #"( #?$( "7$01'( N?$%$( "#?$4( >$47L45( $>/%%/"1%( 94">( !"4#?(,>$4/70( ?03$( 2$74$0%$2(
>$#0;%C(/9($30;L0#$2C(04$(/12/70#$2("1(#?$(/12/3/2L0;(#$>G 4$7$1#;5C( L1;/K$( ;$02( /1( #?$( %0>$( 8$1$40;( 4$8/"1C( #?$4$(

2V[OQ$:7$(WS[QK$LZ$XVXQKI$`VMT$e$LZ$JLJVO^$JUVJ$1MROWTQT$SQVIWKQSQMJI$LZ$JUQ$1MT1RVJQT$SQJVO$1M$QVRU$KQN1LM

Locations of Measurements Lead Mercury Cadmium Arsenic Nickel Copper

Total, All Regions 39 (76%) 13 (25%) 25 (49%) 19 (37%) 27 (53%) 29 (57%)

North Atlantic 15 (54%) 6 (21%) 9 (32%) 4 (14%) 9 (32%) 11 (39%)

South Atlantic 10 (77%) 3 (23%) 6 (46%) 1 (8%) 8 (62% 8 (62%)

North Pacific 7 (64%) 0 (0%) 6 (55%) 6 (55%) 4 (36%) 5 (45%)

South Pacific 3 (75%) 0 (0%) 1 (33%) 2 (67%) 2 (67%) 2 (67%)

North Indian 1 (100%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 1 (100%) 1 (100%) 0 (0%)

South Indian 1 (50%) 0 (0%) 1 (50%) 1 (50%) 1 (50%) 1 (50%)

Global Ocean* 2 (22%) 4 (44%) 2 (22%) 4 (44%) 2 (22%) 2 (22%)

* Most of these papers made estimates for the global ocean but did not give details for specific geographical regions.

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(:9
P0%(1"($3/2$17$(#?0#(#?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(>$47L45(7"17$1#40G *%#/>0#$%(04$(#?0#(#?$(01#?4":"8$1/7(012(10#L40;($>/%G
#/"1(1$04(W$4>L20(?02(7?018$2(2L4/18(#?$(%0>$(:$4/"2'( %/"1%( "9( 04%$1/7C( 1/7K$;( 012( 7"::$4( #"( #?$( 8;"60;( 0#>"G
,#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#("9(>$47L45(#"(#?$(8;"60;("7$01(/%(>L7?( %:?$4$(04$("9(#?$(%0>$("42$4("9(>081/#L2$(@HL7$($#(0;'C(
>"4$(/>:"4#01#(#?01(4/3$4/1$(/1:L#'( &XX&J'(.04#/7L;04;5(/>:"4#01#(%"L47$%(04$(>$#0;(:4"2L7G
#/"1( 012( %>$;#$4%( 0%( P$;;( 0%( 04%$1/7( L%$( /1( 084/7L;#L4$C(
B#?$4(`$035(-$#0;% 6L#(#?$4$(04$(0(1L>6$4("9("#?$4(01#?4":"8$1/7(%"L47$%(
0%( P$;;'( N?$( >"%#( />:"4#01#( 10#L40;( %"L47$( 9"4( 04%$1/7(
`L>01( 07#/3/#5( ?0%( 4$%L;#$2( /1( ;048$( bL01#/#/$%( "9( ;$02(
>05( 6$( 3";701"$%'( ,#>"%:?$4/7( 012( 4/3$4/1$( /1:L#%( "9(
6$/18($>/##$2(#"(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$C(012(%/17$(#?/%(;$02(/%(
2/%%";3$2(04%$1/7(012(1/7K$;(#"(#?$(8;"60;("7$01(0::$04(
"1(3$45(%>0;;(:04#/7;$%(/#(701(6$(#401%:"4#$2(;"18(2/%#017G
#"(6$(%/>/;04C(P?/;$(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#("9(2/%%";3$2(7":G
$%( 6$9"4$( 4$#L41/18( #"( #?$( *04#?e%( %L4907$'( I?/;$( %L7?(
:$4(>05(6$(%">$P?0#(;048$4(#?01(4/3$4/1$(/1:L#'
%"L47$%( 0%( %>$;#$4%( 012( /12L%#4/0;( 07#/3/#5( 04$( />:"4G
#01#C( L1#/;( 4$7$1#;5( #?$( :4/>045( %"L47$( 9"4( 0#>"%:?$4/7(
;$02( P0%( #?$( 7">6L%#/"1( "9( ;$02$2( 9L$;%'( `"P$3$4C( 0%( Q94)-0#)67#:5&65/5-)6-%
0( 4$%L;#( "9( #?$( 8402L0;( :?0%/18( "L#( "9( ;$02$2( 9L$;%( 9"4( -$47L45
>"#"4( 3$?/7;$%( #?$4$( ?0%( 6$$1( 0( 240>0#/7( 2$74$0%$(
-$47L45(/%(0(?/8?;5(#"=/7(>$#0;(012(#?$4$(04$(1L>$4"L%(
/1( #?$( /1:L#( "9( 0#>"%:?$4/7( ;$02( #"( #?$( "7$01( "3$4( #?$(
$=0>:;$%( "9( /#%( #"=/7/#5( /1( 7"0%#0;( 012( $17;"%$2( %$0(
:0%#( M[GMS( 5$04%( @`L018( $#( 0;'C( &XX\Q( IL( 012( W"5;$C(
04$0%C(%#04#/18(P/#?(#?$(1"#"4/"L%(-/10>0#0(W05(/17/2$1#'(
&XXYJ'(D/8L4$(M(:4$%$1#%(>$0%L4$>$1#%("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(
`"P$3$4C( #?$4$( /%( 1"( $3/2$17$( #?0#( #?$4$( ?03$( 6$$1(
012( %L4907$( "7$01/7( ;$02( 0#( "4( 1$04( W$4>L20( 94">( #?$(
015(#"=/7/#5($99$7#%(0%(0(4$%L;#("9(>$47L45(/1(#?$(%L4907$(
$04;5( &XY[%( #"( M[[['( N?$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 7"17$1#40#/"1(
P0#$4%( "9( #?$( ":$1( "7$01'( N?$4$( /%( 7"1%/2$406;$( $3/G
2$74$0%$(/%(4$9;$7#$2(/1(0(2$74$0%$(/1(;$02(/1(#?$(%L4907$(
2$17$(#?0#(%">$(9/%?(/1(":$1("7$01(4$8/"1%(7"17$1#40#$(
"7$01( P0#$4'( +/>/;04( 4$%L;#%( ?03$( 6$$1( 9"L12( 04"L12(
>$47L45(#"(;$3$;%(#?0#(04$(?04>9L;(#"(?L>01%(/9(#""(>L7?(
`0P0//'(D"4#L10#$;5(;$02(?0%(0(4$;0#/3$;5(%?"4#(4$%/2$17$(
"9(#?0#(9/%?(/%(7"1%L>$2'(-$47L45(?0%(0(1L>6$4("9(7?$>G
#/>$(/1(#?$("7$01(@p&[GM[(5$04%JC(%"(#?$(7?018$("9(#?$(
/70;(%:$7/$%(/1(#?$("7$01C(/17;L2/18(2/%%";3$2($;$>$1#0;(
0#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#( 9;L=( 701( 6$( %$$1( 90/4;5( bL/7K;5( /1( #?$(
>$47L45C( >"1">$#?5;>$47L45C( 2/>$#?5;>$47L45C( 012( 0(
"7$01/7(7"17$1#40#/"1%'
304/$#5( "9( "4801/7( 012( /1"4801/7( 7">:;$=$%( "9( `8@AAJ'(
W"#?(>"1"G(012(2/G>$#?5;(>$47L45(077L>L;0#$(/1(>04/1$(
_/K$(;$02C($3/2$17$(%L88$%#%(#?0#(?L>01(07#/3/#/$%(?03$( "4801/%>%( 012( #?$/4( 7"1%L>$4%C( /17;L2/18( ?L>01%C( 6L#(
4$%L;#$2(/1(%/81/9/701#;5(>"4$(702>/L>(6$/18($>/##$2(#"( 65( 904( #?$( 84$0#$%#( 7"17$41( 4$;0#$%( #"( >"1">$#?5;>$4G
#?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( #?01( #?0#( 94">( 10#L40;( %"L47$%( @HL7$( 7L45C(#?$(>"4$(06L1201#(012(#"=/7("9(#?$%$(7">:"L12%'(
$#( 0;'C( &XX&J'( H$#0/;$2( %"L47$%( 9"4( >"%#( "9( #?$( 0#>"G A#(/%(8$1$40#$2(94">(/1"4801/7(9"4>%("9(>$47L45(65(>/74"G
%:?$4/7( 702>/L>( 04$( L17$4#0/1( 6L#( 04$( ;/K$;5( #"( 6$( 0( "4801/%>%(@D/#<8$40;2($#(0;'C(M[[YJ'(
304/$#5( "9( /12L%#4/0;( :4"7$%%$%'( N?$( /1:L#( "9( 702>/L>(
#"(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(94">(%L7?(10#L40;(%"L47$%(0%(74L%#0;(
N?$4$(04$(0(1L>6$4("9(3$4#/70;(:4"9/;$%("9(#"#0;(2/%%";3$2(
P$0#?$4/18( 012( #?$( "7$01( /#%$;9( 04$( 7"1%/2$4$2( #"( 6$(
>$47L45(#?0#(%?"P(?/8?$4(7"17$1#40#/"1%(1$04(#?$(":$1(
>/1"4'(,#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#(>05(2">/10#$(4/3$4/1$(/1:L#("9(
"7$01( %L4907$C( %#4"18;5( %L88$%#/18( #?0#( 0#>"%:?$4G
2/%%";3$2(702>/L>(#"(#?$(8;"60;("7$01'
/7( 2$:"%/#/"1( /%( />:"4#01#( 9"4( #?"%$( %L4907$( %0>:;$%(
@D/#<8$40;2( $#( 0;'C( M[[YJ'( +#L2/$%( %L88$%#( #?0#( #?$( 7"1G
7$1#40#/"1%( "9( 2/%%";3$2( 80%$"L%( >$47L45( 04$( "9#$1(
%L:$4%0#L40#$2( /1( %L4907$( P0#$4%C( 4$%L;#/18( /1( 0( %/8G
'()*+#,/.#J1)6&%#56#)09,.41%*5-#)67#,-%)65-#
1/9/701#( 9;L=( "9( $;$>$1#0;( >$47L45( #"( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( /1(
(%)7#-,6-%60*)05,6.#/*,9#01%#MSTU.#0,#01%#()0%#
MSSU.#6%)*#V%*9'7) #?"%$( 4$8/"1%( @D/#<8$40;2( $#( 0;'C( M[[YJ'( A12$$2C( #?$4$( /%(
$3/2$17$(#?0#(#?$(9;L=$%("9(>$47L45(94">(#?$("7$01(#"(#?$(
180 0#>"%:?$4$(8;"60;;5(04$(%/>/;04(#"(#?$(;$3$;("9(01#?4":"G
Marine dissolved Pb
Pb concentration in the atmosphere, 10-10g/m3

160 8$1/7($>/%%/"1%'
Pb concentration in seawater, pmol/kg and

Atmospheric Pb

140

120 B#?$4(`$035(-$#0;%
100 I?/;$(;$02(/%(#"=/7(#"(>04/1$("4801/%>%(/9(#?$(7"17$1#40G
80 #/"1%(04$(%L99/7/$1#;5(?/8?C(#"=/7(4$%:"1%$%(#5:/70;;5("77L4(
60
0#( 7"17$1#40#/"1%( 7"1%/2$406;5( ?/8?$4( #?01( >$0%L4$2(
0>6/$1#(;$3$;%(/1(":$1("7$01(P0#$4%'(,#>"%:?$4/7(2$:"G
40
%/#/"1( "9( ;$02( ?0%( 4$%L;#$2( /1( 0( >$0%L406;$( /174$0%$( /1(
20
%L4907$(P0#$4(;$02(7"17$1#40#/"1%(06"3$(#?"%$($=:$7#$2(
0 /1(#?$(06%$17$("9(%L7?(2$:"%/#/"1(@IL(012(W"5;$C(&XXYQ(
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Year
W"5;$($#(0;'C(M[[SJ'(I?/;$(#?/%(/%(>"%#(1"#/7$06;$(/1(#?$(
!"4#?( ,#;01#/7C( /#( 7"L;2( $3$1( 6$( %$$1( M[GO[( 5$04%( 08"(
Figure reprinted from Duce, 2001.
/1(#?$(+"L#?(.07/9/7('(_$02(/%("1$("9(#?$(9$P(>$#0;%(9"4(

::$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
P?/7?( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 2$:"%/#/"1( ?0%( 7;$04;5( :$4#L46$2( B#?$4(`$035(-$#0;%
/#%( %L4907$( P0#$4( 7"17$1#40#/"1%'( `"P$3$4C( /#( >L%#( 6$( N?$4$( ?03$( 6$$1( 0( 1L>6$4( "9( :0:$4%( /1( #?$( :$$4G
:"/1#$2("L#(#?0#(L1#/;(4$7$1#;5(#?$4$(?03$(6$$1(4$;0#/3$;5( 4$3/$P$2(%7/$1#/9/7(;/#$40#L4$(0224$%%/18(#?$(/1:L#("9(;$02(
9$P( 74$2/6;5( 077L40#$( >$0%L4$>$1#%( "9( >015( "9( #?$%$( #"(#?$(":$1("7$01C(012(/#(701(6$(%$$1(94">(N06;$(M(#?0#(
?$035(>$#0;%(/1(":$1("7$01(4$8/"1%' 06"L#(#?4$$(9"L4#?%("9(0;;(#?$(:0:$4%($30;L0#$2(9"4(>$#G
0;%(9"4(#?/%($=$47/%$(0224$%%$2(;$02(/1:L#%'(N?$%$(?03$(
F02>/L>(>05(0;%"($=?/6/#(?/8?(#"=/7/#5(6L#(#"(20#$(#?$4$( 6$$1( :4/>04/;5( /1( #?$( !"4#?( 012( +"L#?(,#;01#/7( 4$8/"1%C(
/%(1"($3/2$17$(#?0#(/#%(/1:L#(#"(#?$(":$1("7$01(?0%(?02( P/#?( 0( >"2$%#( 1L>6$4( "9( %#L2/$%( /1( #?$( .07/9/7( B7$01C(
015( %L7?( $99$7#%'( _$3$;%( "9( 702>/L>( 7">>"1;5( >$0G 012( 3/4#L0;;5( 1"1$( /1( #?$( A12/01( B7$01'( N?$( $>:?0%/%(
%L4$2( /1( "99%?"4$( P0#$4%( @['[&( #"( ['&( g8( _G&J( 04$( ;/K$;5( "1( #?$( !"4#?( ,#;01#/7( /1( :04#/7L;04( /%( ;"8/70;C( %/17$( /#%(
#"( 6$( %L99/7/$1#;5( ;"P( %"( 0%( 1"#( #"( %/81/9/701#;5( />:07#( %>0;;$4( %/<$( 012( ;"70#/"1( 2"P1P/12( "9( !"4#?( ,>$4/70C(
>04/1$(6/"#0'(_$3$;%("9(702>/L>(/1(9/%?C(P/#?(#?$($=7$:G 0( 3$45( ;048$( %"L47$( "9( 01#?4":"8$1/7( ;$02( P?$1( ;$02(
#/"1("9(%?$;;9/%?(/1(%">$(1$04%?"4$(04$0%C(04$(L1;/K$;5(#"( P0%( 022$2( #"( >"#"4( 3$?/7;$( 9L$;C( P"L;2( /12/70#$( #?0#(
6$("9(7"17$41(9"4(?L>01(?$0;#?'(A1(022/#/"1C(L1;/K$(;$02( #?$(>0=/>L>(/>:07#(P"L;2(6$($=:$7#$2(/1(#?/%("7$01/7(
#?$4$(/%(1"($3/2$17$(#?0#(#?$(/1:L#("9(702>/L>(94">(#?$( 60%/1(@a$4"1($#(0;'C(&XXMJ'
0#>"%:?$4$( #"( %L4907$( "7$01( P0#$4%( ?0%( 2/%#L46$2( /#%(
10#L40;( 2/%#4/6L#/"1( /1( #?"%$( P0#$4%'( A12$$2C( /1( %#L2/$%( ,::4"=/>0#$;5( ?0;9( #?$( :0:$4%( @N06;$( MJ( #?0#( $30;L0#$(
"9(%L4907$(P0#$4%(/1(#?$(!"4#?(.07/9/7(/#(?0%(6$$1(%?"P1( 0#>"%:?$4/7( ?$035( >$#0;%( 7"1%/2$4( 702>/L>C( %"( #?$(
#?0#( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 702>/L>( /%( 1"#( 01( />:"4#01#( %"L47$( 20#060%$( /%( 4$0%"106;$( "3$40;;'( `"P$3$4C( 65( 904( #?$(
@.0##$4%"1(012(HL7$C(&XX&J' >0d"4/#5("9(#?$(:0:$4%(7"3$4(#?$(!"4#?(012(+"L#?(,#;01#/7(
012(!"4#?(.07/9/7C(P/#?($%%$1#/0;;5(1"(7"3$408$(/1("#?$4(
D"4(04%$1/7C(1/7K$;(012(7"::$4(#?$4$(/%(1"($3/2$17$(#?0#( 04$0%'( N?/%( >05( 1"#( 6$( #""( %$4/"L%C( ?"P$3$4C( %/17$(
0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#(#"(#?$(":$1("7$01(?0%(?02(015(#"=/7/#5( #?$( :4/>045( 01#?4":"8$1/7( %"L47$%( 04$( /1( #?$( 1"4#?$41(
$99$7#%'(D"4(04%$1/7(012(1/7K$;(#?$4$(/%(1"(7;$04($3/2$17$( ?$>/%:?$4$( 012( $3$1( #?$4$( #?$( />:07#( "9( 0#>"%:?$4/7(
#?0#(#?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#(?0%(?02(015(%/81/9/701#($99$7#( 702>/L>(0::$04%(#"(6$(1$8;/8/6;$'
"1(#?$/4(3$4#/70;(2/%#4/6L#/"1%(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01'(,4%$1/7(
/%(9"L12(0%(04%$1/#$(012(04%$10#$(/1(#?$("7$01C(0%(P$;;( +">$P?0#( "3$4( "1$( #?/42( "9( #?$( :0:$4%( $30;L0#$2( 9"4(
0%(>"1">$#?5;(012(2/>$#?5;(04%$1/7(%:$7/$%C(6L#(P/#?(1"( ?$035(>$#0;%(7"1%/2$4$2(04%$1/7'(A#(/%(/1#$4$%#/18(#?0#(9"4(
0::04$1#( 4$;0#/"1%?/:( #"( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 2$:"%/#/"1( @FL##$4( 04%$1/7(#?$4$(0::$04%(#"(6$(06"L#(#?$(%0>$(1L>6$4("9(
012(FL##$4C(&XXZQ(FL##$4($#(0;'C(M[[&J'(N?$4$(/%(7"17$41( %#L2/$%(/1(#?$(,#;01#/7(0%(/1(#?$(.07/9/7(B7$01C(>L7?(2/9G
06"L#(7"::$4(L%$2(0%(01(01#/G9"L;/18(08$1#("1(%?/:%C(012( 9$4$1#(94">(>"%#(>$#0;%'(,80/1C(9"4(#?$(A12/01(B7$01(012(
/#(/%(7;$04(#?0#(%">$(7"::$4(P/;;($1#$4(#?$("7$01(94">(#?0#( 0;;("7$01(60%/1%(/1(#?$(+"L#?$41(`$>/%:?$4$C(#?$4$(04$(
%"L47$'(N?$4$(/%(%">$($3/2$17$(#?0#(#?$4$(04$("770%/"1G 3$45(9$P(20#0'(_/K$(702>/L>C(#?/%(>05(1"#(6$(#""(%$4/G
0;;5( ?/8?$4( 7"::$4( 7"17$1#40#/"1%( /1( #?$( %L4907$( P0#$4%( "L%( %/17$( #?$( :4/>045( 01#?4":"8$1/7( %"L47$( 04$0%( 04$(
#?01( %L6G%L4907$( P0#$4%( /1( %">$( 4$8/"1%C( %L88$%#/18( /1(#?$(!"4#?$41(`$>/%:?$4$C(012($3$1(#?$4$(#?$(/>:07#(
#?$( /19;L$17$( "9( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 2$:"%/#/"1'( N?$4$( /%( 0;%"( "9( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 04%$1/7( "1( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( 0::$04%( #"(
$3/2$17$( #?0#( >L7?( "9( #?$( 7"::$4( /1( >04/1$( 40/190;;( /%( 6$(1$8;/8/6;$'
"4801/70;;5(7">:;$=$2C(012(#?0#(/%(#?$(70%$(9"4(7"::$4(/1(
#?$(":$1("7$01(0%(P$;;(@I/##(012(]/7K$;;%C(M[[SJ'(
,6"L#(?0;9("9(#?$(:0:$4%($30;L0#$2(7"1%/2$4$2(1/7K$;(012(
7"::$4(/1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$C(P/#?("3$4(?0;9("9(#?"%$(7"1%/2G
R,-'9%60)05,6 $4/18(#?$(!"4#?(012(+"L#?(,#;01#/7C(012(%">$P?0#(9$P$4(
-$47L45 7"1%/2$4/18( #?$( !"4#?( 012( +"L#?( .07/9/7'( N?$4$( P$4$(
3/4#L0;;5(1"(%#L2/$%("9(#?$%$(>$#0;%(/1(#?$(A12/01(B7$01'
,%( N06;$( M( /12/70#$%C( #?$4$( P0%( 0( ;"P$4( :$47$1#08$( "9(
:0:$4%($30;L0#/18(>$47L45(/1:L#%(#"(#?$("7$01(#?01(015(
"9(#?$("#?$4(?$035(>$#0;%(0%%$%%$2C("1;5(MSc'(N"(%">$( 87%I')-E#,/#O50%*)0'*%#)67#:5&65/5-)6-%#,/#
$=#$1#(#?/%(/%(6$70L%$(>$47L45(/1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(/%(1"#( Q6/,*9)05,6#2)4.
0%($0%/;5(%0>:;$2(012(010;5<$2(0%(>"%#("9(#?$(4$%#("9(#?$( ,;;(-$#0;%
?$035(>$#0;%'(+#L2/$%("9(#?$(,#;01#/7(B7$01(7">:;$#$;5( ,;#?"L8?(S[(:0:$4%(P$4$(4$3/$P$2("1(#?$(#":/7("9(?$035(
2">/10#$2( #?$( ;/#$40#L4$( 9"4( >$47L45C( 012( #?$4$( P$4$( >$#0;( /1:L#( #"( #?$( "7$01C( "1;5( 0( %>0;;( 9407#/"1( 4$0;;5(
1"( %#L2/$%( 0#( 0;;( #?0#( 9"7L%$2( "1( #?$( .07/9/7( "4( A12/01( 0224$%%$2( #?$(:4/>045(/%%L$( "9(2$:"%/#/"1( 012( />:07#%(
B7$01%'( `"P$3$4C( 0( 1L>6$4( "9( %#L2/$%( $30;L0#$2( >$4G "9(#?/%(>0#$4/0;("1("7$01/7(:4"7$%%$%'(-015(%/>:;5(:4$G
7L45(/1:L#(#"(#?$(8;"60;("7$01'(E!*.(?0%(01($=#$1%/3$( %$1#$2(7"17$1#40#/"1%("9(#?$(>$#0;%(/1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$C(
:4"840>( $30;L0#/18( #?$( 8;"60;( />:07#( "9( >$47L45C( 012( P?/;$(0(9$P(P$1#(0(%#$:(9L4#?$4(012(70;7L;0#$2("4(>$0G
#?$5( P/;;( /%%L$( 0( 4$:"4#( /1( ;0#$( M[[Z( "1( /#%( 0#>"%:?$4/7( %L4$2( 07#L0;( 2$:"%/#/"1( #"( #?$( "7$01( %L4907$'(,1( $3$1(
$>/%%/"1%C( /13$1#"45C( %"L47$%C( 012( #401%:"4#'( N?/%( P/;;( %>0;;$4(9407#/"1(:4"3/2$2(#?$(7?$>/70;(%:$7/0#/"1(1$7$%G
7"1%/2$4(>$47L45(/1(#?$("7$01(012(0#>"%:?$4$' %045(#"($30;L0#$(#?$(/>:07#("9(#?/%(2$:"%/#/"1'(I?/;$(#?$(
1L>6$4("9(:0:$4%(>/8?#(/12/70#$(#?0#(#?$(!"4#?(,#;01#/7(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(:?
?0%(6$$1(P$;;(%#L2/$2C(/1(907#($3$1(9"4(#?/%(04$0(#?$4$(/%( +?/::/18(/%(;/K$;5(#"(6$(0(>/1"4(%"L47$("9(/1:L#%("9(?$035(
4$;0#/3$;5( ;/##;$( /19"4>0#/"1( "1( #$>:"40;( 012( 8$"840:?/G >$#0;%(#"("7$01(P0#$4%(#?4"L8?(0#>"%:?$4/7($>/%%/"1%'(
70;( #4$12%C( %$0%"10;( 2/99$4$17$%C( $#7'( WL#( #?$( %/#L0#/"1( N?$(/1:L#%(94">(;$07?/18("9(01#/G9"L;/18(:0/1#%(012(7"0#G
/%(>L7?(P"4%$(9"4(0;;(#?$("#?$4(60%/1%C(/1(:04#/7L;04(#?$( /18%( 04$( ;/K$;5( #"( 6$( %/81/9/701#;5( ;048$4( #?01( #?$( /1:L#%(
+"L#?( .07/9/7( 012( #?$( !"4#?( 012( +"L#?( A12/01( B7$01%'( 94">(2$:"%/#/"1(94">(%?/::/18($=?0L%#%'(A1(#?$(;/8?#("9(#?$(
D"4(#?$%$(04$0%(P$(?03$($%%$1#/0;;5(1"(K1"P;$28$("9(#?$( A-B(A1#$410#/"10;(F"13$1#/"1("1(#?$(F"1#4";("9(`04>9L;(
/>:"4#017$( "9( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 2$:"%/#/"1( "9( ?$035( >$#0;%'( ,1#/G9"L;/18(+5%#$>%("1(+?/:%(@,D+(F"13$1#/"1JC(P?/7?(
`"P$3$4C(P$(04$(9"4#L10#$(6$70L%$(#?$(+"L#?(.07/9/7(012( 70>$(/1#"(9"47$(/1(+$:#$>6$4(M[[ZC(#?/%(#":/7(>05(P04G
+"L#?(A12/01(B7$01%(04$(8$1$40;;5(904(94">(;048$(01#?4"G 401#(9L4#?$4(/13$%#/80#/"1'(
:"8$1/7(%"L47$%(012(#?$(/>:07#("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(2$:"%/G
#/"1(P"L;2(/1(8$1$40;(6$($=:$7#$2(#"(6$(%>0;;(@P/#?(#?$( 4./.4, B3C",DB82!&(2#,3+)!%(7,C8$18*%6"E,
:"%%/6;$($=7$:#/"1("9(>$47L45C(6$70L%$(#?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(
4$%/2$17$(#/>$("9($;$>$1#0;(80%(:?0%$(>$47L45(/%("1(#?$( R%.-*5405,6#)67#N*5&56
"42$4( "9( 5$04%J'( N?0#( /%( 1"#( #?$( 70%$C( ?"P$3$4C( 9"4( #?$( aBF%(@3";0#/;$("4801/7(7">:"L12%J(04$("4801/7(7?$>/70;(
!"4#?(A12/01(B7$01C(P?$4$(;048$(01#?4":"8$1/7(%"L47$( 7">:"L12%(#?0#(?03$(0(%L99/7/$1#;5(?/8?(30:"L4(:4$%%L4$(
4$8/"1%("1(#?$(A12/01(%L6G7"1#/1$1#(>/8?#(6$($=:$7#$2(#"( L12$4( 1"4>0;( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 7"12/#/"1%( #"( 30:"4/<$( 012(
70L%$(:"#$1#/0;;5(3$45(%/81/9/701#(9;L=$%("9(#?$%$(>$#0;%( $=/%#(/1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(/1(#?$(80%(:?0%$'(,(P/2$(4018$(
94">(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(#"(#?$("7$01' "9( "4801/7( >";$7L;$%C( %L7?( 0%( 0;2$?52$%C( K$#"1$%C( 012(
?524"7046"1%C(04$(aBF%'(N?$(:4/>045(/1#$4$%#(/1(aBF%(
,7#L0;($%#/>0#$%("9(/1:L#%("9(?$035(>$#0;%(94">(%?/::/18( /1(#?$(7"1#$=#("9(#?/%(4$:"4#(P"L;2(6$(#?$(?$03/$4(?524"G
%"L47$%( P$4$( 1"#( 70;7L;0#$2( /1( 015( "9( #?$( %#L2/$%C( 6L#( 7046"1%( @8$1$40;;5( 84$0#$4( #?01( pF&[GF&SJC( P?/7?( 04$(
#?$4$(04$(02$bL0#$(20#0(9"4(L%$(/1(>0K/18(%L7?(0%%$%%G 7">>"1( /1( "/;( 012( "#?$4( :$#4";$L>( :4"2L7#%'( `"P$3$4C(
>$1#%( /9( #?$( :$4GL1/#( 7"17$1#40#/"1%( "9( ?$035( >$#0;%( /1( #?$4$(?03$(6$$1(3$45(9$P(>$0%L4$>$1#%("9(#?$%$(?$035(
9L$;%( 04$( 0::;/$2( #"( K1"P1( 7">6L%#/"1( 40#$%( "9( #?$%$( ?524"7046"1%(/1(#?$(4$>"#$(0#>"%:?$4$("3$4(#?$("7$01(
9L$;%(65(3$%%$;%(/1(2/99$4$1#("7$01(%$7#"4%' 012(#?$/4(9;L=(/1#"(#?$(%$0'(A1(>"%#(70%$%(#?$%$(?$03/$4(
%:$7/$%($=/%#(:4/>04/;5(/1(#?$(0$4"%";(:?0%$(/1(#?$(0#>"G
%:?$4$C( 0;#?"L8?( #?$4$( /%( 0( ;"P( 30:"L4( :?0%$( 7"17$1G
I?$4$0%(0;;(?$035(>$#0;%(701(6$(#"=/7(#"(>04/1$(;/9$(/9(#?$(
#40#/"1( 9"4( >"%#( "9( #?$>( @!0#/"10;( ^$%$047?( F"L17/;C(
7"17$1#40#/"1%( 04$( %L99/7/$1#;5( ?/8?C( #?$4$( ?0%( 6$$1( 1"(
M[[OQ( )*+,-.C( M[[YJ'( -"%#( "9( #?$( aBF%( #?0#( ?03$(
$3/2$17$("9(015(%L7?($99$7#%(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01(2L$(#"(#?$(
6$$1( >$0%L4$2( /1( #?$( 80%( :?0%$( /1( #?$( 4$>"#$( >04/1$(
/1:L#("9(?$035(>$#0;%(94">(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$'(N?$($=0>:;$%(
0#>"%:?$4$(04$(>L7?(;/8?#$4(7">:"L12%C(:4/>04/;5(FMGFY(
9"4(;$02(/1(#?$(8;"60;("7$01C(012(9"4(>$47L45(012(7"::$4(
?524"7046"1%C(/17;L2/18(07$#5;$1$C($#?01$C($#?$1$C(:4"G
/1( %">$( 4$8/"1%C( 4$:4$%$1#( #?$( "1;5( 70%$%( P?$4$( /#( ?0%(
:01$C(:4":01$C(1G6L#01$C(/G6L#01$C(1G:$1#01$C(/G:$1#01$C(
6$$1(2"7L>$1#$2(#?0#(/1:L#%(94">(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(?03$(
1G?$=01$C( 012( 6$1<$1$( 0%( P$;;( 0%( "#?$4( ;/8?#( "4801/7(
:$4#L46$2(#?$(%L4907$(P0#$4(7"17$1#40#/"1%'(
%:$7/$%( %L7?( 0%( 07$#"1/#4/;$( 012( "=/2/<$2( %:$7/$%( %L7?(
0%(07$#"1$C(>$#?01";C(07$#0;2$?52$C(:4":010;C(012("#?$4(
J,6-('.5,6. ;/8?#(K$#"1$%C(0;2$?52$%C(012("4801/7(07/2%'(`0;"8$10#$2(
I?/;$( #?$4$( ?03$( 6$$1( 1"( 7">:4$?$1%/3$( #4L$( 0%%$%%G ?524"7046"1%(04$(7"1%/2$4$2(/1(:%-05,6#GCLCWC
>$1#%( "9( #?$( />:07#%( "9( #?$%$( ?$035( >$#0;%( "1( #?$(
8;"60;(":$1("7$01C(#?$4$(?03$(6$$1(%L99/7/$1#(/12/3/2L0;( I?/;$(>"%#("9(#?$(aBF%(04$($>/##$2("1(#?$(7"1#/1$1#%C(
%7/$1#/9/7( %#L2/$%( #"( 8/3$( L%( 0( 4$0%"106;$( %$1%$( "9( #?$( %$0G8"/18(%?/:%($>/#(aBF%(/1#"(#?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(>04/1$(
/>:"4#017$("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#(9"4(#?$%$(%/=(>$#0;%'(A1( 6"L12045( ;05$4( 0%( #?$5( 7">6L%#( &\[( >/;;/"1( #"11$%( "9(
1"(70%$(/%(#?$4$($3/2$17$(#?0#(#?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#("9( 9L$;( 011L0;;5'( N?$%$( $>/%%/"1%( ?03$( /174$0%$2( /1( #?$(
#?$%$(>$#0;%(#"(":$1G"7$01(60%/1%(?0%(4$%L;#$2(/1(#"=/7G ;0%#( S[( 5$04%( 0%( %?/::/18( 07#/3/#/$%( ?03$( /174$0%$2( 65(
/#5(#"(>04/1$("4801/%>%("4(#?$/4(7"1%L>$4%'(A1(907#C(#?$( OS(:$47$1#'(aBF%(04$(0;%"(4$;$0%$2(2L4/18(;"02/18(012(
7"17$1#40#/"1%("9(?$035(>$#0;%(0%(>$0%L4$2(/1(%0>:;$%( L1;"02/18(":$40#/"1%(/1(:"4#%C(%?/:(":$40#/"1%C(012(6L1G
"9(":$1("7$01(P0#$4%(04$(8$1$40;;5(;"P$4(#?01(7"17$1G K$4/18C(012(%">$(9407#/"1("9(#?$%$($>/%%/"1%(4$#L41%(#"(
#40#/"1%( #?0#( P"L;2( 6$( "9( 7"17$41C( P/#?( #?$( $=7$:#/"1( #?$(%$0(%L4907$'
"9( >$47L45( 7"17$1#40#/"1%( /1( %">$( 9/%?( 7"1%L>$2( 65(
?L>01%'( D"4( ;$02C( 012( /1( %">$( 04$0%( 9"4( >$47L45( 012(
Q94)-0#)67#:5&65/5-)6-%
7"::$4C( #?$4$( /%( $3/2$17$( #?0#( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 2$:"%/#/"1(
?0%(;$2(#"($;$30#$2(7"17$1#40#/"1%("9(#?$(%:$7/9/7(>$#0;( I/#?(4$8042(#"(#?$(;/8?#$4(aBF%C(#?$4$(2"$%(1"#(0::$04(
/1(%L4907$(P0#$4%'(N?/%(/%(1"#(#?$(70%$(9"4(#?$("#?$4(>$#G #"( 6$( 0( %/81/9/701#( />:07#( "1( "7$01( :4"7$%%$%( 94">(
0;%'( -"%#( "9( #?$( 20#0( 030/;06;$( "1( #?/%( #":/7( 04$( 9"4( #?$( #?$/4(2$:"%/#/"1(#"(#?$("7$01'(A1(907#C(9"4(>015("9(#?$%$(
!"4#?(,#;01#/7(B7$01C(P/#?(#?$(+"L#?(,#;01#/7(012(!"4#?( 7">:"L12%( /1( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( #?$/4( %"L47$( /%( 07#LG
.07/9/7(?03/18(#?$(1$=#(>"%#(20#0'(N?$(+"L#?(.07/9/7(012( 0;;5( 6/";"8/70;( :4"7$%%$%( /1( #?$( "7$01( @)0;60;;5( $#( 0;'C(
6"#?( #?$( !"4#?( 012( +"L#?( A12/01( B7$01( %L99$4( 94">( 01( M[[YQ( ^L2";:?( 012( ]"?1$1C( &XX[Q( +04#/1( $#( 0;'C( M[[MJ'(
0;>"%#(7">:;$#$(;07K("9(20#0("1(0#>"%:?$4/7(7"17$1#40G A#( 0::$04%( #?0#( /1( #4L;5( 4$>"#$( 4$8/"1%( "3$4( #?$( "7$01(
#/"1%(012(2$:"%/#/"1("9(?$035(>$#0;%' aBF%( P/#?( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 4$%/2$17$( #/>$%( "9( 4"L8?;5( 0(

:A$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
P$$K( "4( ;$%%C( %L7?( 0%( $#?$1$C( :4":$1$C( #?$( :$1#01$%( 60%$2("1(20#0(012(>$#?"2%(2$3$;":$2(/1(0(:0:$4(:L6G
012(:$1#$1$%C(#?$(?$=01$%(012(?$=$1$%C(012(%L7?("=5G ;/%?$2( "3$4( MS( 5$04%( 08"( @@HL7$( 012( )08"%/01C( &XZMJ(
8$10#$2(7">:"L12%(0%(:4":010;(012(07$#0;2$?52$(04$( 012(L%$2(/1(0(:4$3/"L%(!^F(@&XZSJ(4$:"4#("1(#?/%(#":/7'(
8$1$40;;5(2$4/3$2(94">(#?$("7$01'( E19"4#L10#$;5( #?$4$( 04$( 1"( "#?$4( 20#0( "1( #?$( ?$03/$4(
?524"7046"1%( /1( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( "3$4( #?$( "7$01'( N?$(
aBF%(P/#?(01(0#>"%:?$4/7(4$%/2$17$(#/>$("9(>"4$(#?01( !^F(7"17;L2$2(#?0#(#?$(6$%#($%#/>0#$("9(#?$(#"#0;(/1:L#(
06"L#( 0( P$$KC( %L7?( 0%( 07$#"1/#4/;$C( $#?01$C( :4":01$C( "9( #?$%$( ?$03/$4( ?524"7046"1%( 94">( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( #"(
#?$( 6L#01$%C( 012( :"%%/6;5( >$#?01";C( 04$( #401%:"4#$2( #?$("7$01(P0%( pSR( K#(54G&C(P/#?( 0(4018$( "9(6$#P$$1( MR(
:4/>04/;5(94">(01#?4":"8$1/7(%"L47$%("1(#?$(7"1#/1$1#%'( 012(M[R(K#(54G&'(N?$(6$%#($%#/>0#$(9/8L4$(P"L;2(077"L1#(
D"4($=0>:;$C(07$#"1/#4/;$("3$4(#?$("7$01(0::$04%(#"(6$( 9"4(pRc("9(#?$(#"#0;(/1:L#("9("/;(#"(#?$("7$01'
;048$;5(2$4/3$2(94">(6/">0%%(6L41/18("1(#?$(7"1#/1$1#%(
@W018$(012(I/;;/0>%C(M[[[J'(D"4(07$#5;$1$(#?$4$(P0%(1"( )*+,-.( @M[[YJ( 0224$%%$2( "1;5( #?$( /1:L#( "9( "/;( #"( #?$(
084$$>$1#(/1(#?$(;/#$40#L4$(0%(#"(P?$#?$4(/#(P0%(:4/>04G "7$01( 94">( %$0G60%$2( 07#/3/#/$%( @/'$'C( /#( 2/2( 1"#( 7"1G
/;5(10#L40;("4(01#?4":"8$1/7(/1("4/8/1'(A#(/%(K1"P1(#?0#(9"4( %/2$4(0#>"%:?$4/7(#401%:"4#(94">(#?$(7"1#/1$1#%C("1;5(#?$(
07$#"1$C(;048$(%"L47$%(94">(6"#?(#?$(>04/1$(012(#$44$%G /1:L#("9(aBF%(#?0#(?02(6$$1($>/##$2(2/4$7#;5(94">(%?/:(
#4/0;(6/"%:?$4$%(04$(/>:"4#01#Q(07$#"1$(/%(0;%"(9"4>$2(/1( ":$40#/"1%J'( N"#0;( $>/%%/"1%( #"( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( 94">(
#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(#?4"L8?(#?$("=/20#/"1("9(?524"7046"1%'( #?$%$(%"L47$%(P$4$($%#/>0#$2(#"(6$(O(>/;;/"1(#(54G&'(N?$(
A1(3/4#L0;;5(0;;(70%$%(/#(/%(;/K$;5(#?0#(#?$4$(04$(6"#?(7"1#/G 9407#/"1("9(#?0#(0>"L1#(4$#L41$2(#"(#?$(%$0(%L4907$(P0%(
1$1#0;(012(>04/1$(%"L47$%(012(#?0#(#?$/4(4$;0#/3$(/>:"4G $%#/>0#$2( #"( 4018$( 94">( MS[( #( 54G&( #"( \Z( K#( 54G&C( P/#?( 0(
#017$(2$:$12%(L:"1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(;/9$#/>$("9(#?$(7">G 6$%#($%#/>0#$("9(\Z(K#(54G&(P"4;2P/2$'(E%/18(#?0#(9/8L4$C(/#(
:"L12(012(#?$(2/%#017$(/#(?0%(#403$;;$2(94">(7"1#/1$1#0;( P0%(70;7L;0#$2(#?0#(06"L#(\c("9(#?$(#"#0;("/;($1#$4/18(#?$(
4$8/"1%( @]07"6( $#( 0;'C( M[[MJ( '( `"P$3$4C( $3$1( 9"4( #?"%$( "7$01(70>$(94">(#?$%$(%?/:G4$;$0%$2(aBF%'(N?$("42$4(
aBF%(#?0#(04$(#401%:"4#$2(94">(01#?4":"8$1/7(%"L47$%( "9(>081/#L2$(2/99$4$17$(@O'O(K#(3%(\Z(K#J("9(#?/%($%#/>0#$(
"1(#?$(7"1#/1$1#%(012(2$:"%/#$2(/1(#?$("7$01C(#?$4$(/%(1"( 7">:04$2(#"(#?$(!^F($%#/>0#$(%#$>%(94">(#?$(/17;L%/"1(
$3/2$17$(#?0#(#?$4$(?03$(6$$1(015(2$;$#$4/"L%($99$7#%(/1( "9( >$#?01$( 012( 0( 2/99$4/18( 0%%L>:#/"1( 65( )*+,-.(
#?$( "7$01'( +">$( "9( #?$%$( 7">:"L12%( 04$( />:"4#01#( /1( 4$8042/18( #?$( 9407#/"1( #?0#( /%( 07#L0;;5( 2$:"%/#$2( /1#"(
#?$( 7"1#$=#( "9( 7?$>/70;( 4$07#/"1%( #?0#( 4$;0#$( #"( #?$( "=/G >04/1$(P0#$4%'
2/</18( 70:07/#5( "9( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( 012( #"( #?$( 9"4>0#/"1(
012( 4$07#/"1%( "9( "<"1$'( A1( #?0#( %$1%$( #?$/4( 7"1#/1L/18( ,1"#?$4(4$7$1#(4$3/$P(@*124$%$1($#(0;'C(M[[OJ(:4"3/2$2(
>$0%L4$>$1#(/1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(/%(bL/#$(/>:"4#01#'(-"%#( $%#/>0#$%("9(aBF($>/%%/"1%(94">(%?/:%(#?0#(4018$2(94">(
%#L2/$%( ?03$( 7"17;L2$2( #?0#( #?$( $99$7#( "9( aBF%( 94">( M'[(#"(O'X(-#(54G&'(!"(0##$>:#(P0%(>02$(#"($%#/>0#$(#?$(
%?/::/18($>/%%/"1%("1("<"1$(#"(6$(3$45(%>0;;C(P/#?(#?$( 2$84$$( #"( P?/7?( #?$%$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( $>/%%/"1%( $1#$4$2(
/174$0%$( /1( "<"1$( 7"17$1#40#/"1( $%#/>0#$2( #"( 6$( ;$%%( %L4907$(P0#$4%("9(#?$("7$01'(
#?01(&(g8(_G&(/1(#?$(04$0%("9(>0=/>L>(/>:07#C($'8'C("1(
#?$(,406/01(:$1/1%L;0(@*124$%$1($#(0;'C(M[[OJ' B9( #?$( %#L2/$%( 4$3/$P$2C( MZ( $30;L0#$2( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4/7(
2/%#4/6L#/"1( "9( ;/8?#$4( aBF%( "3$4( #?$( "7$01'( ,%( %?"P1(
R,-'9%60)05,6 /1( N06;$(,( @.%%# <@%-'05=%# :'99)*EJC( #?$4$( P$4$( 07#LG
,( 1L>6$4( "9( %#L2/$%( 012( 0%%$%%>$1#%( "9( %?/::/18( 0;;5(>"4$(%#L2/$%("3$4(#?$(A12/01(B7$01(#?01(015("#?$4(
$>/%%/"1%( ?03$( /17;L2$2( $%#/>0#$%( "9( aBF( $>/%%/"1%'( "7$01( 9"4( #?$( aBF%C( L1;/K$( #?$( ?$035( >$#0;%'( N?/%( /%(
`"P$3$4C( "1;5( #P"( 4$7$1#( %#L2/$%( ?03$( $30;L0#$2( 7">G ;048$;5( 2L$( #"( #?$( $=#$1%/3$( %#L25( "9( aBF+( 2L4/18( #?$(
:4$?$1%/3$;5(#?$(/1:L#("9(?$03/$4(aBF%(94">(#?$(0#>"G ;048$( A!HB*q( 4$%$047?( :4"840>( /1( #?$( ;0#$( &XX[%'( A1(
%:?$4$(#"(#?$("7$01(0%(:04#("9(#?$(0%%$%%>$1#("9("/;(/1( 8$1$40;C( %#L2/$%( P$4$( 2/%#4/6L#$2( >"4$( $bL0;;5( 04"L12(
#?$(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#'(jB/;(/1(#?$(+$0(AAAl(@!^FC(M[[OJ( #?$( 8;"6$( #?01( #?"%$( 9"4( #?$( ?$035( >$#0;%'( A#( %?"L;2(
0224$%%$2( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 2$:"%/#/"1( "9( P?0#( #?$5( 0;%"( 6$( 1"#$2( #?0#( 0;>"%#( "1$( #?/42( "9( #?$( 2"7L>$1#%(
70;;$2( 4%0*,(%'9# 1E7*,-)*3,6.( 94">( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( 0224$%%$2(#?$(/%%L$("1(0(8;"60;(%70;$'
#"( #?$( "7$01'( +%0*,(%'9# 1E7*,-)*3,6.( P$4$( 2$9/1$2(
0%( 1G0;K01$%( 6$#P$$1( F&[( 012( FOO( 7?0/1( ;$18#?( 012( 87%I')-E#,/#O50%*)0'*%#)67#:5&65/5-)6-%#,/#
0;%"( :";5757;/7( 04">0#/7( ?524"7046"1%C( 0;#?"L8?( /#( P0%( Q6/,*9)05,6#2)4.
4$7"81/<$2(#?0#(#?$4$(04$(>015("#?$4(7">:"L12%(/1("/;'( N?$4$( 04$( 3$45( 9$P( %#L2/$%( "9( aBF%( "3$4( #?$( "7$01%C(
`"P$3$4C(#?$%$(7">:"L12%(>0K$(L:(#?$(;048$%#(9407#/"1( $%:$7/0;;5( %#L2/$%( "9( #?$( ?$03/$4( ?524"7046"1%( /1( #?$(
"9( :$#4";$L>'( N?$( #"#0;( $>/%%/"1%( #"( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( >04/1$( 0#>"%:?$4$( G( #?"%$( 7">:"L12%( #?0#( 7"L;2(
94">(%?/:%(P0%($%#/>0#$2(#"(6$(&'\S(-#(54G&("9(6,6?9%01? 7"1#4/6L#$( >"%#( #"( 1$80#/3$( />:07#%( P?$1( $1#$4/18( #?$(
)6%(aBF%'(B9(#?0#(0>"L1#(0(9407#/"1(4$#L41%(#"(#?$(%$0( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#'( D"4( $%#/>0#$%( "9( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4/7(
%L4907$(G($%#/>0#$2(#"(6$(OCO[[(#(54G&(P"4;2P/2$'( /1:L#("9(#?$%$(?$03/$4(?524"7046"1%(P$(04$(%#/;;(;048$;5(
4$;5/18( "1( 20#0( 012( >$#?"2%( 94">( "1$( :0:$4( #?0#( P0%(
N?$( !0#/"10;( ^$%$047?( F"L17/;( @!^FJ( /17;L2$2( 0( 70;G :L6;/%?$2( MS( 5$04%( 08"( @HL7$( 012( )08"%/01C( &XZMJ'(
7L;0#/"1("9(#?$(#"#0;(/1:L#("9(?$03/$4(?524"7046"1%(94">( N?$(#P"(7">:4$?$1%/3$(4$:"4#%("1("/;(/1(#?$(%$0(@!^FC(
#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(#"(#?$(8;"60;("7$01'(N?$/4(010;5%/%(P0%( M[[OQ()*+,-.C(M[[YJ(7$4#0/1;5(:4"3/2$(01($=7$;;$1#(012(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(:C
7">:4$?$1%/3$( "3$43/$P( "9( #?$( /%%L$( "9( "/;( /1( #?$( %$0( 7"1#4/6L#/"1(#"(8;"60;(01#?4":"8$1/7(FBM($>/%%/"1%'(W5(
012( 0;%"( 2"( :4"3/2$( #?$( 6$%#( /19"4>0#/"1( #?0#( P$( ?03$( 7"1#40%#C(%L;9L4(2/"=/2$(@+BMJ(012(1/#4"8$1("=/2$%(@!B=J(
"1( 0#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#%( 012( #?$/4( />:07#'( `"P$3$4C( #"( ?03$(%?"4#(0#>"%:?$4/7(;/9$#/>$%C(%"(#?0#(%?/::/18G4$;0#G
L12$4%#012(#?$(:"%%/6;$(/>:"4#017$("9(#?$(/1:L#("9(aBF%( $2($>/%%/"1%("9(pR(N8(+(54G&("9(+BM(012(pO(N8(!(54G&("9(
@012( :04#/7L;04;5( #?$( ?$03/$4( "1$%J( #"( #?$( "7$01C( >L7?( !B=( @F"46$##( 012( n"$?;$4C( M[[OJ( >05( ?03$( %/81/9/701#(
>"4$( 4$%$047?( 1$$2%( #"( 6$( 2"1$( "1( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( ;"70;(/>:07#%(0;"18(%?/::/18(4"L#$%'(
7"17$1#40#/"1%(012(2$:"%/#/"1("9(#?$%$(%L6%#017$%("3$4(
#?$(4$>"#$(!"4#?$41(012(+"L#?$41(?$>/%:?$4$("7$01%' N?$( "7$01%( 04$( 06%"46/18( 06"L#( O[c( @M'M( s( ['S( .8(
F( 54G&J( "9( 01#?4":"8$1/7( FBM( $>/%%/"1%C( #?L%( %;"P/18(
*%#/>0#$%("9(aBF($>/%%/"1%(94">(%?/:%(012(#?$(2$84$$(#"( 2"P1( #?$( /174$0%$( /1( 0#>"%:?$4/7( FBM( 7"17$1#40#/"1(
P?/7?(#?"%$($>/%%/"1%($1#$4("7$01(P0#$4%(04$(60%$2("1( 012( 0%%"7/0#$2( 7;/>0#$( 7?018$( @ASJ'( ^$7$1#( 4$%$047?C(
K1"P1(L%08$("9(9L$;%(012(304/"L%(0%%L>:#/"1%(7"17$41G ?"P$3$4C( %L88$%#%( #?0#( "7$01/7( FBM( L:#0K$( /1( 7$4#0/1(
/18( #?$( $1#45( "9( $>/%%/"1%( #"( >04/1$( P0#$4%'( N?$( !^F( "7$01(4$8/"1%(/%(>"4$(304/06;$(#?01(:4$3/"L%;5(#?"L8?#(
@M[[OJ($%#/>0#$%(P$4$(60%$2("1(0(4/8"4"L%(010;5%/%("9(#?$( @F"46/t4$($#(0;'C(M[[YQ(_$9t34$($#(0;'C(M[[RQ(+7?L%#$4(012(
%7/$1#/9/7(;/#$40#L4$(P/#?(4$8042(#"(2$:"%/#/"1(40#$%C(P?/7?( I0#%"1C(M[[YJ'(
04$(K$5(#"(70;7L;0#/18(/1:L#%(#"(>04/1$(P0#$4%'(N?/%($%#/G
>0#$(:4"606;5(4$:4$%$1#%(#?$(6$%#($%#/>0#$("9(aBF(/1:L#%( B7$01/7(L:#0K$("9(01#?4":"8$1/7(FBM(;"P$4%(#?$(:`(012(
#"(>04/1$(P0#$4%(#"(20#$'(!"1$("9(#?$($%#/>0#$%(0##$>:#%( #?$( 7046"10#$( @FBOMGJ( 7"17$1#40#/"1C( 012( /174$0%$%( #?$(
#"( %$:040#$( /1:L#%( #"( 7"0%#0;( <"1$%( 94">( #?"%$( #"( ":$1( FBM(7"17$1#40#/"1C("9(>04/1$(%L4907$(P0#$4%'(N?$(4$%L;#G
"7$01(P0#$4%Q(2$#$4>/10#/"1("9(:"#$1#/0;(/>:07#%(#"(":$1( /18( 2$74$0%$( "9( %L4907$( P0#$4( :`( ?0%( 6$$1( $%#/>0#$2(
"7$01(P0#$4%(P"L;2(4$bL/4$(#?/%(K/12("9(010;5%/%'( 0%(['&&(:`(L1/#%(%/17$(:4$G/12L%#4/0;(#/>$%(@^03$1($#(0;'C(
M[[SJ'(,#>"%:?$4/7(2$:"%/#/"1("9(%L;9L4(2/"=/2$(012(1/#4"G
J,6-('.5,6. 8$1( "=/2$%( $bL0;;5( :4">"#$%( "7$01( 07/2/9/70#/"1C( P?/7?(
"1(0(8;"60;(%70;$(/%("1;5(0(9$P(:$47$1#("9(#?0#(65(01#?4"G
H0#0( "1( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( #401%:"4#( 012( 2$:"%/#/"1(
:"8$1/7(FBM(L:#0K$C(6L#(/>:07#%(701(6$(>L7?(;048$4(@&[G
"9( aBF%( 94">( #?$( 7"1#/1$1#%( #"( #?$( "7$01( 04$( 3$45(
S[cJ( 1$04( %"L47$( 4$8/"1%( /1( 7"0%#0;( %$0%( 012( %?/::/18(
%:04%$'(W$%#($%#/>0#$%(04$(#?0#(0#>"%:?$4/7(2$:"%/#/"1(
;01$%(@H"1$5($#(0;'C(M[[YQ(F"46$##(012(n"$?;$4C(M[[OJ'
>05( 077"L1#( 9"4( pSc( "9( #?$( #"#0;( /1:L#( "9( #?$( ?$03/$4(
?524"7046"1%(@/'$'C("/;J(#"(#?$(8;"60;("7$01(@!^FC(M[[OQ(
)*+,-.C( M[[YJ'( N?$4$( /%( 1"( $3/2$17$( #?0#( #?$( 0#>"G H$$:G"7$01( FBM( %#"408$( 012( %$$:08$( "9( %L6G%$06$2(
%:?$4/7(/1:L#("9(;/8?#$4(aBF%(#"(#?$("7$01(/%(70L%/18(015( FBM( %#"408$( P"L;2( 4$%L;#( /1( 3$45( %#4"18( ;"70;( 07/2/9/G
%$4/"L%( />:07#%'( A1( 907#C( #?$( "7$01( /%( 0( 1$#( %"L47$( 9"4( 70#/"1( 012( 07L#$( FBM( #"=/7/#5( @F0;2$/40( $#( 0;'C( M[[SQ(
%">$("9(#?$%$(7">:"L12%(/1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$' `0L801($#(0;'C(M[[\J'(

aBF($>/%%/"1%(94">(%?/::/18(;/K$;5(?03$(>/1/>0;(/>:07#( Q94)-0.#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%
"1( ":$1( "7$01( P0#$4%( :$4( %$'( DL4#?$4( >"1/#"4/18( "4( `/8?$4(FBM(7"17$1#40#/"1%(012("7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(>05(
$%#/>0#/"1%( "9( /1:L#%( "9( aBF%( 94">( %?/::/18( $>/%%/"1%( P$;;( ?03$( 0( 304/$#5( "9( :?5%/";"8/70;( $99$7#%( "1( >04/1$(
P/;;(1"#(022(%/81/9/701#;5(#"(015($99"4#%(#"(4$2L7$(/>:07#%( :?5#":;01K#"1(@$'8'("1(:?"#"%51#?$%/%C(84"P#?(40#$%C(%:$G
#"(#?$(":$1("7$01'(B3$40;;(4$2L7#/"1%(/1($>/%%/"1%(94">( 7/$%( 7">:"%/#/"1JC( 6L#( >"%#( "9( #?$%$( $99$7#%( 04$( :""4;5(
%?/::/18(P/;;(4$%L;#(94">(#?$(>"4$(%#4/18$1#($>/%%/"1(;/>G L12$4%#""2(@+7?L6$4#($#(0;'C(M[[\J(012(?03$(0#(6$%#(6$$1(
/#%(02":#$2(65(A-B(/1(#?$(4$3/%/"1("9(-,^.B_(,11$=(aA'( 0%%$%%$2( /1( %>0;;( %70;$( 7"1#4";;$2( $=:$4/>$1#%'( +">$(
N?$%$(/17;L2$(4$2L7#/"1%(/1($>/%%/"1%("9(!B=(012(+B=( >04/1$( "4801/%>%( >0K$( 0( 70;7/L>( 7046"10#$( @F0FBOJ(
9"4(0;;(%?/:%C(0%(P$;;(0%(#?$(/1#4"2L7#/"1("9(0(>0120#"45( %K$;$#"1("4(%?$;;(@N06;$(OJ'(,408"1/#$(012(70;7/#$(04$(#P"(
aBF( >0108$>$1#( :;01( 9"4( #01K$4%( 70445/18( 74L2$( "/;( />:"4#01#( 9"4>%( "9( F0FBOC( P/#?( 0408"1/#$( 0%( #?$( >"%#(
012(P/;;(7"17L44$1#;5(4$2L7$(aBF($>/%%/"1%(6"#?(0%(:04#( %";L6;$( 9"4>'( B7$01( 07/2/9/70#/"1( ;"P$4%( #?$( %0#L40#/"1(
"9($=?0L%#($>/%%/"1%(012(7048"(30:"L4%' %#0#$(9"4(7046"10#$(:4$7/:/#0#$%(012(?0>:$4%(70;7/9/70#/"1(
@D$$;5( $#( 0;'C( M[[RC( ^03$1( $#( 0;'C( M[[SQ( ^/$6$%$;;( $#( 0;'C(
4./.<, C!+F8%,G(8H(6#I,J*29*+,G(8H(6#,!%6, M[[[J'( N4":/70;( %L4907$( P0#$4%( P"L;2( 6$7">$( >048/10;(
K(&+8)#%,3H(6#" 9"4( 7"40;( 4$$9%( /9( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( FBM( 7"1#$1#( 4$07?$%(
S&Y(g>";U>";C(P?/7?(7"L;2(?0::$1(65(#?$(>/22;$("9(#?/%(
R%.-*5405,6#)67#,*5&56
7$1#L45(@+06/1$($#(0;'C(M[[RJ'(.#$4":"2%C(0(#5:$("9(:;01KG
`L>01(07#/3/#/$%(04$(4$;$0%/18(Y'M(.8(F(54G&(@.8(r(&[&S( #"1/7( >";;L%7C( >05( ;""%$( :04#( "9( #?$/4( ?06/#0#( 0%( :";04(
8J("9(7046"1(2/"=/2$(@FBMJ(/1#"(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(012(:4"G 012(%L6G:";04(%L4907$(P0#$4%(6$7">$(L12$4%0#L40#$2(9"4(
>"#$(0#>"%:?$4/7(2$:"%/#/"1("9(M\(N8(+(54G&(@N8(r(&[&M( 0408"1/#$C( :"%%/6;5( 0%( $04;5( 0%( M[S[( @B44( $#( 0;'C( M[[SJ'(
8J("9(4$07#/3$(%L;9L4(012(OZ(N8(!(54G&"9(4$07#/3$(1/#4"8$1( B7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(>05(?03$(0(7"1%/2$406;$(/>:07#("1(
#"( #?$( 7"0%#0;( 012( ":$1( "7$01( @H$1>01( $#( 0;'C( M[[YQ( 70;7/95/18( "4801/%>%( 012( #?$( 9""2GP$6%( "9( P?/7?( #?$5(
H"1$5($#(0;'C(M[[YJ'(F046"1(2/"=/2$(/%(0(;"18G;/3$2(80%C( 04$(:04#(@B44($#(0;'C(M[[SQ(^03$1($#(0;'C(M[[SQ(+7?L6$4#($#(
%L7?(#?0#(FBM($>/%%/"1%("9(['O(.8(F(54G&( 94">(%?/::/18( 0;'C(M[[\J'(,(;"%%("9(P04>GP0#$4(7"40;(4$$9%(P"L;2(?03$(
@B44($#(0;'C(M[[SJ(099$7#(#?$("7$01%(/1(:4":"4#/"1(#"(#?$/4( 1$80#/3$($99$7#%("1(0(4018$("9(0%%"7/0#$2(%$43/7$%(/17;L2G

:8$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
2V[OQ$?7$"VK1MQ$RVOR1ZP1MN$LKNVM1ISI$`VZJQK$5VDQM$QJ$VO7;$:aaC^

Organism Photosynthetic Carbonate form Habitat

Coccolithophores Yes Calcite Planktonic

Macro-algae* Yes Aragonite or calcite Benthic

Foramenifera Some Calcite Benthic

No Calcite Planktonic

Corals: warm water Yes (in symbiosis) Aragonite Benthic

Cold water No Aragonite Benthic

Pteropods No Aragonite Planktonic

Non-pteropod molluscs* No Aragonite or calcite Benthic or planktonic

Echinoderms No Mg-calcite Benthic

Crustaceans* No Calcite Benthic or planktonic

* Not all members of this group are calcified.

/18(9/%?$4/$%C(#"L4/%>(012(4$74$0#/"1C(%?"4$;/1$(:4"#$7#/"1C( 704$"L%(%:$7/$%(/1(#?$(!"4#?(,#;01#/7C(6L#(/#(/%(L1K1"P1(
1L#4/$1#(757;$%C(012(6/"2/3$4%/#5(@WL22$>$/$4($#(0;C(M[[RQ( P?$#?$4(#?$%$(7?018$%(04$(0(4$%:"1%$(#"("7$01(07/2/9/G
^03$1($#(0;'C(M[[SJ'(N?$(/>:07#("9("7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1("1( 70#/"1("4(#"(10#L40;("4(01#?4":"8$1/7(7;/>0#$(304/06/;/#5'(
9/%?$4/$%(3/0(0(4$2L7#/"1("9("#?$4(70;7/95/18("4801/%>%(/%(
2/99/7L;#(#"(:4$2/7#(@^03$1($#(0;'C(M[[SJ'( 87%I')-E#,/#(50%*)0'*%#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%#,/#
56/,*9)05,6#&)4.
R,-'9%60)05,6 +$3$40;(7">:4$?$1%/3$C(4$7$1#(4$:"4#%(:4"3/2$(#?"4"L8?(
N?$(/174$0%$("9("7$01/7(FBM(7"17$1#40#/"1%(/%(P$;;(2"7G 4$3/$P%("9(#?$(7L44$1#(K1"P;$28$("9("7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(
L>$1#$2(94">(&XZS("1P042%(0%(:04#("9(W,N+(@W$4>L20( @WL22$>$/$4($#(0;'C(M[[RQ(`0L801($#(0;'C(M[[\Q(n;$5:0%(
,#;01#/7( N/>$( +$4/$%J( 012( `BN( @`0P0//( B7$01( N/>$( $#(0;'C(M[[\Q(^03$1($#(0;'C(M[[SQ(+B_,+C(M[[RJ'(!"#06;5(
+$4/$%J'( ,( !"4#?( ,#;01#/7( B6%$43/18( !$#P"4K( "1( aB+( #?$( />:07#( "9( "7$01( 07/2/9/70#/"1( "1( >04/1$( 6/";"8/70;(
@a";L1#045( B6%$43/18( +?/:%J( /%( 7L44$1#;5( :4"3/2/18C( 9"4( :4"2L7#/"1( 012( >04/1$( 9""2( P$6%( 7011"#( 7L44$1#;5( 6$(
#?$(9/4%#(#/>$C(60%/1GP/2$C(%$0%"10;(012(011L0;($%#/>0#$%( 0%%$%%$2( 012( :4$%$1#%( 0( 1$$2( 9"4( /174$0%$2( 4$%$047?(
"9(!"4#?(,#;01#/7(FBM(0/4G%$0(9;L=$%(94">(M[[S(#"(M[[Z'( $99"4#%( @`0L801( $#( 0;'C( M[[\Q( A-W*^C( M[[SQ( n;$5:0%(
H0#0(7"3$408$(/%(4$0%"106;5(8""2(9"4(#?$(!"4#?(.07/9/7C( $#( 0;'C( M[[\Q( ^03$1( $#( 0;'C( M[[SQ( +7?L6$4#( $#( 0;'C( M[[\Q(
6L#(;048$(#$>:"40;(012(%:0#/0;(80:%($=/%#(/1(%L4907$(P0#$4( +B_,+C( M[[RQ( B44( $#( 0;'C( M[[SJ'( N?$%$( $99"4#%( %?"L;2(
FBM( 20#0( /1( #?$( +"L#?(,#;01#/7C( #?$( +"L#?( .07/9/7C( 012( /17;L2$(6"#?(;"18G#$4>(>"1/#"4/18("9(>04/1$($7"%5%#$>%(
#?$( A12/01( B7$01C( $%:$7/0;;5( 0#( ?/8?( %"L#?$41( ;0#/#L2$%( 012( $=:$4/>$1#%( /13$%#/80#/18( #?$( ;"18G#$4>( $99$7#%(
@ABFF.C( M[[YJ'( N?$( 2/%#4/6L#/"1( "9( 01#?4":"8$1/7( FBM( "9( 4$2L7$2( :`( "1( >04/1$( "4801/%>%'( N?$( F"1#/1L"L%(
/1(#?$(":$1("7$01%(?0%(6$$1($%#/>0#$2(94">(>$0%L4$G .;01K#"1( ^$7"42$4( %?"L;2( 6$( 2$:;"5$2( "1( 0( 8;"60;(
>$1#%( "9( /1"4801/7( 7046"1( :040>$#$4%( 012( "#?$4( :?5%G %70;$'( -"1/#"4/18( "9( "7$01/7( FBM( L:#0K$( 012( "7$01(
/"7?$>/70;(20#0(0;"18(2$$:(3$4#/70;(%$7#/"1%(@+06/1$($#( 07/2/9/70#/"1(4$bL/4$%(%L%#0/1$2C(;"18G#$4>C(8;"60;("6%$4G
0;'C( M[[RJ'( -$#?"2%( 9"4( 70;7L;0#/18( 01#?4":"8$1/7( FBM( 30#/"1%( "9( >04/1$( FBM( :040>$#$4%( @ABFF.C( M[[YJ'(
04$(01(07#/3$(9/$;2("9(%7/$1#/9/7(4$%$047?' ,10;5#/70;(#$7?1/bL$%(9"4(>04/1$(FBM("6%$430#/"1%(1$$2(
#"( 6$( />:4"3$2( 012( %/>:;/9/$2( 9"4( 0L#"1">"L%( L%$( 012(
B7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(?0%(6$$1(2$#$4>/1$2C($/#?$4(2/4$7#;5( /17L60#/"1($=:$4/>$1#%'(A1(:04#/7L;04C(0(>$#?"2(9"4(077LG
"4( /12/4$7#;5( 0#( W,N+C( `BN( 012( *+NBF( @*L4":$01( 40#$(:`("6%$430#/"1%(@s(['[[&(:`(L1/#%J(%?"L;2(6$7">$(
+#0#/"1( 9"4( N/>$G%$4/$%( /1( #?$( B7$01C( F01045( A%;012%J( 4$02/;5(030/;06;$'
@W/12"99($#(0;'C(M[[YJ'(.0%#(012(9L#L4$("7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(
?0%( 6$$1( $%#/>0#$2( 94">( 0#>"%:?$4/7( FBM( %7$104/"%( J,6-('.5,6.
012( 8;"60;( 7/47L;0#/"1( >"2$;%( P/#?( 0( 4$:4$%$1#0#/"1( "9( ,#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#%( "9( 01#?4":"8$1/7( FBM( 012( #"( 0(
#?$(>04/1$(7046"1(757;$(@B44($#(0;'C(M[[SJ'(N?$(7"1#/1LG ;$%%$4($=#$1#("9(%L;9L4(012(1/#4"8$1(7">:"L12%(:4">"#$(
"L%( :;01K#"1( 4$7"42$4( @F.^J( :4"3/2$%( 0( L1/bL$( 4$7"42( "7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1'(N?$4$(/%(0(1$$2(9"4(;"18G#$4>C(8;"60;C(
"9( :0%#( 2/%#4/6L#/"1%( "9( >04/1$( :;01K#"1C( /17;L2/18( "9( %L%#0/1$2("6%$430#/"1("9("7$01/7(FBM(L:#0K$(012("7$01(
70;704$"L%("4801/%>%(012(;0430;(%#08$%("9(>015(6$1#?/7( 07/2/9/70#/"1( 65( >$0%L4$>$1#( "9( %L4907$( P0#$4( FBM(
"4801/%>%'( F.^( 4$%L;#%( :4"3/2$( $3/2$17$( "9( 7?018$%( :040>$#$4%( @ABFF.C( M[[YJ'( ,10;5#/70;( #$7?1/bL$%( 9"4(
/1( >04/1$( :;01K#"1( @W$0L84012C( M[[[JC( /17;L2/18( 70;G

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(:\
:`( 012( "#?$4( FBM( :040>$#$4%( /1( %$0P0#$4( 1$$2( #"( 6$( 1$8;/8/6;$( />:07#( /9( #?$( 1L#4/$1#( /1( bL$%#/"1( /%( 0;4$025(
/>:4"3$2'( D"4( $=0>:;$C( 0%%$%%>$1#( "9( "7$01( 07/2/9/G :4$%$1#( /1( 06L12017$( /1( #?$( P0#$4'( !/#4"8$1( 012( :?"%G
70#/"1( >05( 4$bL/4$( #?0#( 0( %$7"12( :040>$#$4C( %L7?( 0%( :?"4L%(04$(:$4>01$1#;5(2$:;$#$2(/1(#?$(";/8"#4":?/7(%L6G
2/%%";3$2(/1"4801/7(7046"1C(6$(2$#$4>/1$2(7"17L44$1#;5( #4":/70;( 854$%( 012( %$0%"10;;5( 2$:;$#$2( /1( %$3$40;( "#?$4(
P/#?( :FBM'( N?$( 7"1#4/6L#/"1( #"( "7$01( 07/2/9/70#/"1( 65( 4$8/"1%C(%"(#?0#(#?$/4(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#%(#"(#?$%$(4$8/"1%(
#?$( 022/#/"1( "9( 01#?4":"8$1/7( %L;9L4( 012( 1/#4"8$1( 7">G 04$( ;/K$;5( #"( 6$( >"4$( />:"4#01#'( HL7$( $#( 0;'( @M[[ZJ(
:"L12%(4$bL/4$%(9L4#?$4(%#L25' %:$7/9/70;;5( 0224$%%$2( #?$( 4$;0#/"1%?/:( 6$#P$$1( 0#>"G
%:?$4/7(/1:L#%(012(%$0P0#$4(7"17$1#40#/"1(2$:;$#/"1(9"4(
B7$01( 07/2/9/70#/"1( ?0%( 4$7$1#;5( 6$$1( 4$7"81/<$2( 0%( 0( 1/#4"8$1'(N?$(+"L#?$41(B7$01(012($bL0#"4/0;(012(%L6G
#?4$0#( #"( 0( 2/3$4%$( 4018$( "9( >04/1$( "4801/%>%C( 1"#06;5( 047#/7(.07/9/7(04$(K1"P1(#"(%L99$4(94">(/4"1(;/>/#0#/"1C(P/#?(
>04/1$(70;7/9$4%C(012(#"(#?$(9""2(P$6%(#?$5(04$(:04#("9'( %$3$40;( "#?$4( 04$0%( 0;%"( :"%%/6;5( %L6d$7#( #"( /4"1( ;/>/#0G
,( %:$7/0;( 4$:"4#( @+7?L6$4#( $#( 0;'C( M[[\J( 65( #?$( I)WE( #/"1( "4( 7"G;/>/#0#/"1( @W"52( $#( 0;'C( M[[YJ'( !/#4"8$1G9/=/18(
@)$4>01(,23/%"45(F"L17/;("1();"60;(F?018$J(:4":"%$%( "4801/%>%(>05(%L99$4(94">(;/>/#0#/"1("9(/4"1("4(/4"1(012(
#?0#( #?$( :`( "9( "7$01/7( %L4907$( P0#$4%( %?"L;2( 1"#( 24":( :?"%:?"4L%(/1(#4":/70;(P0#$4%(@-/;;%($#(0;'C(M[[RJ'(N?$4$(
>"4$(#?01(['M(L1/#%(6$;"P(#?$(:4$G/12L%#4/0;(03$408$("9( /%(3$45(;/##;$(/19"4>0#/"1(030/;06;$("1(#?$(;/>/#0#/"1(%#0#L%(
Z'&Z( /1( 015( ;048$( "7$01( 4$8/"1( #"( :4$3$1#( L12$%/406;$( "9(7"60;#(012(</17(/1(#?$("7$01%(0#(:4$%$1#'
"4(?/8?G4/%K(7?018$%(#"(>04/1$(9""2(P$6%(0%(0(4$%L;#("9(
0408"1/#$(L12$4%0#L40#/"1'(,(%#06/;/<0#/"1("9(0#>"%:?$4/7( N?$( 0%%$%%>$1#( ;012%70:$( 9"4( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 1L#4/$1#(
FBM(0#(RS[(::>(P"L;2(6$(7"1%/%#$1#(P/#?(#?/%(%09$8L042'( /1:L#%( #"( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( /%( 3$45( %/>/;04( #"( #?0#( 9"4(
B7$01( 07/2/9/70#/"1( 0;%"( 7"1#4/6L#$%( #"( /174$0%$%( /1( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#%( "9( ?$035( >$#0;%'(N?$4$( 04$( 1"( #4L$(
^$3$;;$(D07#"4("9(#?$("7$01%C(2$74$0%/18(#?$/4(:"#$1#/0;( 0%%$%%>$1#%( 030/;06;$C( 6L#( %$3$40;( %7/$1#/9/7( :0:$4%(
#"(4$>"3$(FBM(94">(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$'(+7/$1#/9/7(0%%$%%G /1( #?$( :$$4G4$3/$P$2( ;/#$40#L4$( 7"3$4/18( %:$7/9/7( #":/7%(
>$1#%( "9( "7$01( 07/2/9/70#/"1( 4$7"81/<$( #?$( 1$$2( 9"4( /1( 2/99$4$1#( 8$"840:?/70;( 04$0%( 04$( 030/;06;$'( A1( >015(
>"4$( 4$%$047?( "1( #?$( ;"18G#$4>( $99$7#%( "9( 07/2/9/70#/"1( 70%$%( #?$%$( %7/$1#/9/7( %#L2/$%( $=0>/1$( #"#0;( 1L#4/$1#(
"1( >04/1$( "4801/%>%( 012( "1( 70;7/95/18( "4801/%>%( /1( $;$>$1#( /1:L#%( "4( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 7"17$1#40#/"1%C( 6L#( 1"#(
:04#/7L;04( @`0L801( $#( 0;'C( M[[\Q( A-W*^C( M[[SQ( n;$5:0%( #?$/4( j030/;06;$( 1L#4/$1#( 9407#/"1%l'( ,( 3$45( 9$P( ;"70;/%$2(
$#( 0;'C( M[[\Q( ^03$1( $#( 0;'C( M[[SQ( +7?L6$4#( $#( 0;'C( M[[\Q( %#L2/$%( $=0>/1$( >"4$( #?01( "1$( 1L#4/$1#( 012( 0( %/>/;04(
+B_,+C( M[[RJ'( DL4#?$4>"4$C( #?$4$( /%( 0( 1$$2( 9"4( ;"18G 1L>6$4( >0K$( %">$( 0##$>:#( #"( 0%%$%%( #?$( />:07#( "9(
#$4>C(8;"60;(>"1/#"4/18("9(>04/1$($7"%5%#$>%'(+L43$5%( 0#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#%( "1( :4/>045( :4"2L7#/"1( 012( "7$01(
65( #?$( 7"1#/1L"L%( :;01K#"1( 4$7"42$4( @F.^J( %?"L;2( 6$( 6/"8$"7?$>/%#45'(A1(#?$(70%$%("9(1/#4"8$1(012(/4"1(#?$4$(
$=:012$2(#"(#?$(8;"60;("7$01%'( 04$(0(?0129L;("9(%#L2/$%(#?0#(?03$(0##$>:#$2(#"(0224$%%(
#?$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#%( "1( 0( 8;"60;( "4( 4$8/"10;( %70;$C(
4./.L, K*&+(#%&" #?4"L8?(#?$(L%$("9(>"2$;;/18'

2%6%*)(#Q60*,7'-05,6
R%.-*5405,6#)67#,*5&56
,( 1L>6$4( "9( 7?$>/70;( %:$7/$%( K1"P1( #"( 07#( 0%( 1L#4/G
$1#%( 9"4( >04/1$( :?5#":;01K#"1( 04$( #401%:"4#$2( #"( #?$( !/#4"8$1
":$1("7$01(3/0(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$'(N?/%(4$:"4#(9"7L%$%("1( !/#4"8$1(7">:"L12%($1#$4(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(94">(%"L47$%(
#?$( >0d"4( 1L#4/$1#%( 1/#4"8$1( 012( :?"%:?"4L%( 012( #?$( #?0#( 04$( "3$4P?$;>/18;5( 01#?4":"8$1/7T( "=/2/%$2( 9"4>%(
>/74"1L#4/$1#%(/4"1C(7"60;#(012(</17'(N?$%$($;$>$1#%(04$( "9(1/#4"8$1(:4/17/:0;;5(94">(7">6L%#/"1(:4"7$%%$%(@P/#?(
/19;L$17$2( #"( 3045/18( 2$84$$%( 65( 01#?4":"8$1/7( 07#/3/G 0(1"P(>/1"4(10#L40;(%"L47$(94">(;/8?#1/18J(012(4$2L7$2(
#/$%C(012(/4"1C(:?"%:?"4L%C(012(7"60;#(?03$(0#>"%:?$4/7( 9"4>%("9(1/#4"8$1(2$4/3$2(94">(/1#$1%/3$(084/7L;#L40;(:407G
%"L47$%( #?0#( 04$( 2">/10#$2( 65C( "4( ?03$( 0( %/81/9/701#( #/7$%(@:04#/7L;04;5(/1#$1%/3$(;/3$%#"7K(904>/18J(@)0;;"P05(
7">:"1$1#( 94">C( >/1$40;( 2L%#( 6;"P1( "99( 2$%$4#( 4$8/"1%( $#(0;'C(M[[RQ(HL7$($#(0;'C(M[[ZJ'(+?/::/18(7"1#4/6L#$%(#"(
@HL7$( $#( 0;'C( &XX&Q( W0K$4( $#( 0;'C( M[[\6Q( W0K$4( $#( 0;'C( "=/2/%$2( 1/#4"8$1( $>/%%/"1%C( 6$/18( 4$%:"1%/6;$( 9"4( p\G
M[[YJ'(,(7">>"1(#?$>$(#"(#?$%$($;$>$1#%C(:04#/7L;04;5( &Mc( "9( #?$%$( $>/%%/"1%( 8;"60;;5( @F"46$##( 012( nu?;$4C(
#?"%$(0%%"7/0#$2(P/#?(>/1$40;(2L%#C(/%(#?0#("1;5(0(9407#/"1( M[[OJ'( W$70L%$( "9( #?$( 4$;0#/3$;5( %?"4#( ;/9$#/>$( "9( #?$%$(
"9(#?$(/1:L#(#"(#?$("7$01(0::$04%(#"(6$(%";L6;$(/1(%$0G %:$7/$%( /1( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$C( %?/::/18( >/8?#( 7"1#4/6L#$(
P0#$4( 012U"4( 030/;06;$( #"( #?$( :?5#":;01K#"1( 7">>L1/#5( %/81/9/701#;5( #"( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 1/#4"8$1( /1:L#%( 1$04( >0d"4(
9"4(L:#0K$(@)40?0>(012(HL7$C(&XZMQ(F?$1(012(+/$9$4#C( %?/::/18(;01$%C(0;#?"L8?(#?$4$(/%(3$45(;/##;$(%:$7/9/7(/19"4G
M[[OQ( ]/7K$;;%( $#( 0;'C( M[[SQ( -0?"P0;2( $#( 0;'C( M[[S6Q( >0#/"1(030/;06;$("1(#?/%'(+"L47$(80%$%(04$(#401%9"4>$2(
HL04#$( $#( 0;'C( M[[\J'( A12$$2( /1( >"%#( 70%$%( #?$( $=07#( /1( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( #"( 1/#4/7( 07/2U1/#40#$( @"=/2/%$2( 1/#4"G
/2$1#/#5("9(#?$(7?$>/70;(9"4>%(#?0#(04$(030/;06;$(#"(:?5G 8$1J( 012( 0>>"1/L>( @4$2L7$2( 1/#4"8$1J'(,( #?/42C( 64"02(
#":;01K#"1(04$(%#/;;(/1(2"L6#C(P?/7?(>0K$%(0%%$%%>$1#("9( 70#$8"45("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(1/#4"8$1(%:$7/$%(/%(1"P(4$7"8G
#?$( j030/;06;$( 1L#4/$1#( 9407#/"1l( "9( $07?( $;$>$1#e%( /1:L#( 1/%$2T("4801/7(1/#4"8$1(7">:"L12%(@HL7$($#(0;'C(M[[ZJ'(
%">$P?0#( 7?0;;$18/18'( A1( 0;;( 70%$%( #?$( %/81/9/7017$( "9( N?$(%"L47$("9(#?$%$("4801/7(1/#4"8$1(7">:"L12%(/%(1"#(
#?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(1L#4/$1#(/1:L#(P/;;(6$(2$:$12$1#("1(#?$( 5$#(7;$04C(6L#(/#(%$$>%(;/K$;5(#?0#(#?$5(04$(9"4>$2(/1(#?$(
7"44$%:"12/18( 7"17$1#40#/"1%( /1( #?$( 4$7$/3/18( %L4907$( 0#>"%:?$4$(94">(;048$;5(01#?4":"8$1/7(1/#4"8$1(@f?018(
P0#$4%'( N?L%( $3$1( ;048$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#%( >05( ?03$( $#(0;'C(M[[ZJ'(N?$%$(#?4$$(:"";%("9(1/#4"8$1("77L4(/1(#?$(

:H$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
0#>"%:?$4$( /1( 4"L8?;5( $bL0;( :4":"4#/"1%( 012( 1/#40#$C( /19;L$17$( >/8?#( 6$( #"( 2/>/1/%?( #?$( 7"1#4/6L#/"1( "9( 1/#4"G
0>>"1/L>(012(:4"606;5(0(%/81/9/701#(:"4#/"1("9("4801/7( 8$1G9/=/18( "4801/%>%( #"(#"#0;( :4/>045( :4"2L7#/3/#5( /1( #?$(
1/#4"8$1(04$(4$02/;5(L#/;/%$2(65(:?5#":;01K#"1'(N?$(7"1G ";/8"#4":?/7( 854$%'( ,1#?4":"8$1/7( 1/#4"8$1( /1:L#( #"( #?$(
7$1#40#/"1("9(1/#4"8$1(/1(0#>"%:?$4$(?0%(:4"606;5(6$$1( "7$01C( /1( %#/>L;0#/18( :?5#":;01K#"1( 84"P#?C( >05( ?03$(
/174$0%$2(65(0#(;$0%#(0(907#"4("9(O(2L$(#"(01#?4":"8$1/7( 6$$1(4$%:"1%/6;$(9"4(#?$(4$>"30;("9(0(;/##;$(01#?4":"8$1/7(
07#/3/#/$%("3$4(#?$(;0%#(p&S[(5$04%(@HL7$($#(0;'C(M[[ZJ' 7046"1( 94">( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$C( 6L#( #?/%( $99$7#( P/;;( ?03$(
6$$1( "99%$#( #"( %">$( $=#$1#( 65( /174$0%$2( :4"2L7#/"1( "9(
A4"1C(.?"%:?"4L%(012(F"60;# 1/#4"L%( "=/2$( /1( #?$( "7$01C( 0( >"4$( :"#$1#( 84$$1?"L%$(
80%(@HL7$($#(0;'C(M[[ZJ'(
A4"1(/%(01($%%$1#/0;(>/74"1L#4/$1#(9"4(#?$(84"P#?("9(>04/1$(
:?"#"%51#?$#/7("4801/%>%(@]/7K$;;%($#(0;'C(M[[SJ'(A#("77L4%(
0#(3$45(;"P(7"17$1#40#/"1%(/1("7$01/7(P0#$4%(@vv&(1>";( A4"1C(.?"%:?"4L%(012(F"60;#
_G&J(2L$(#"(/#%(3$45(;"P(%";L6/;/#5(/1("=58$10#$2(%$0P0#$4( N?$(10#L40;(2L%#(757;$(@012(#?$(1L#4/$1#($;$>$1#(757;$%(/#(
@_/L(012(-/;;$4"C(M[[MJ'(,#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#%(#"(#?$(":$1( 24/3$%J(/%($=#4$>$;5(?$#$4"8$1$"L%C(6"#?(%:0#/0;;5(@4$%L;#G
"7$01( 04$( 2/%:4":"4#/"10#$;5( />:"4#01#( 9"4( #?/%( $;$>$1#( /18(94">(#?$(;"70#/"1("9(2$%$4#%(012(0#>"%:?$4/7(#401%:"4#(
6$70L%$(#?$(;048$(7"1#/1$1#0;(/4"1(/1:L#%(94">(4/3$4%(04$( :0#?P05%J(012("3$4(#/>$(@/19;L$17$2(65(0(304/$#5("9(7;/>0#G
4$>"3$2(3$45(7;"%$(#"(#?$(7"0%#'(.?"%:?"4L%(/%(0(7">G /7(907#"4%J(@-0?"P0;2($#(0;'C(M[[S6J'(N?$($=#$1#(#"(P?/7?(
:"1$1#("9(>015($1<5>$%(012(:4"#$/1%'(F"60;#(?0%(6$$1( #?/%(10#L40;(757;$(?0%(6$$1(:$4#L46$2(65(?L>01(/19;L$17$(
K1"P1( #"( %L6%#/#L#$( 9"4( </17( /1( 7$4#0/1( $1<5>$%( 012( /%( @$'8'( 7?018$%( /1( 04/2/#5( "4( $4"%/"1( :0##$41%( 70L%$2( 65(
0;%"(0(7">:"1$1#("9(#?$(3/#0>/1(WG&M(7">:;$='( 084/7L;#L40;( :407#/7$%J( /%( L17$4#0/1'( N?$( />:07#( "9( "#?$4(
%"L47$%C( /17;L2/18( 2/4$7#( 01#?4":"8$1/7( $>/%%/"1%C( "9(
N?$(%"L47$%("9(/4"1C(:?"%:?"4L%(012(7"60;#(#"(#?$(":$1( #?$%$($;$>$1#%(/%(#?$4$9"4$(0;%"(2/99/7L;#(#"(0%%$%%'
"7$01( 04$( 2">/10#$2( 65( #?$( #401%:"4#( "9( >/1$40;( 2L%#(
94">( 2$%$4#( 4$8/"1%( @)40?0>( 012( HL7$C( &XZMQ( HL7$( *30;L0#/"1( "9( #?$( /19;L$17$( "9( 0#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#%( "9(
012( N/120;$C( &XX&Q( ]/7K$;;%( $#( 0;'C( M[[SQ( -0?"P0;2( $#( #?$%$( >/1$40;( 2L%#G0%%"7/0#$2( $;$>$1#%( "1( "7$01/7(
0;'C( M[[S6J'( A1( 022/#/"1( #?$4$( 04$( 0;%"( %"L47$%( "9( :?"%G :4"2L7#/3/#5( /%( 9L4#?$4( 7">:;/70#$2( 6$70L%$( "1;5( 0( 9407G
:?"4L%( 94">( 6/">0%%( 6L41/18( 012( #?$( 2/4$7#( $>/%%/"1( #/"1( "9( #?$/4( /1:L#%( /%( %";L6;$( /1( %$0P0#$4'( B1( 0( 8;"60;(
"9( ?/8?$4( :;01#( 9408>$1#%( @$'8'( :";;$1J( @,4#0="( $#( 0;'C( %70;$C(:4"606;5("1;5(p&GMc("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(/4"1(/1:L#(/%(
&XXZQ( -0?"P0;2( $#( 0;'C( M[[S0Q( W0K$4( $#( 0;'C( M[[\6J'( L#/;/%$2( 65( :?5#":;01K#"1( @]/7K$;;%( 012( +:"K$%C( M[[&JC(
,1#?4":"8$1/7( %"L47$%( "9( 7"60;#( >05( 6$( />:"4#01#( /1( 6L#(?"P(#?/%(:$47$1#08$(304/$%(4$8/"10;;5(012(#$>:"40;;5(
%">$(04$0%' 012(P?0#(907#"4%(7"1#4";(#?$(j030/;06;$(1L#4/$1#(9407#/"1l(
/%( %#/;;( L17;$04( @]/7K$;;%( $#( 0;'C( M[[SJ'( D"4( :?"%:?"4L%(
f/17 #?/%( 9407#/"1( /%( :4"606;5( p&[GMSc( @)40?0>( 012( HL7$C(
&XZMJ'(N?$("#?$4(>0d"4(0$4"%";(:?"%:?"4L%(7">:"1$1#%(
f/17(/%(9"L12(0#(#?$(07#/3$(%/#$("9(#?$(7046"1/7(01?5240%$(
0;%"( ?03$( ;"P( %";L6/;/#5( @W0K$4( $#( 0;'C( M[[\0Q( W0K$4( $#(
$1<5>$C( %"( :;05%( 0( K$5( :04#( /1( :?5#":;01K#"1( 7046"1(
0;'C(M[[\7JC(%"(#?0#(#?$("3$40;;(%";L6;$(9407#/"1("9(0#>"G
>$#06";/%>( @-"4$;( 012( .4/7$C( M[[OJ'( N?$( 2/%#4/6L#/"1(
%:?$4/7( :?"%:?"4L%( /%( :4"606;5( "9( #?$( "42$4( "9( &[c'(
"9(</17(%L88$%#%(#?0#(01#?4":"8$1/7(%"L47$%(@?/8?G#$>G
+">$( :?5#":;01K#"1( 0::$04( #"( 6$( 06;$( #"( >$#06";/%$(
:$40#L4$(/12L%#4/0;(:4"7$%%$%(012(6/">0%%(6L41/18J(04$(
"4801"G:?"%:?"4L%(7">:"L12%C(012(%"(>05(6$(06;$(#"(
2">/101#(@W0K$4($#(0;'C(M[[YJ'(
077$%%(0(84$0#$4(:04#("9(#?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#'(

Q94)-0.#)67#.5&65/5-)6-% N?$( "7$01( 4$8/"1%( P?$4$( :4/>045( :4"2L7#/3/#5( ?0%( 6$$1(

!/#4"8$1 %?"P1(#"(6$(/4"1(;/>/#$2(04$(#?"%$(904#?$%#(4$>"3$2(94">(
N?$( />:07#( "9( 1/#4"8$1( 2$:"%/#/"1( #"( #?$( "7$01( P/;;( 6$( >0d"4( 2$%$4#%( @$'8'( #?$( +"L#?$41( B7$01J( @]/7K$;;%( $#( 0;'C(
2$:$12$1#("1(#?$(1L#4/$1#(7"17$1#40#/"1%(:4$%$1#(/1(#?$( M[[SJ'( ,%( 9"4( 1/#4"8$1C( 0#>"%:?$4/7( :?"%:?"4L%( /1:L#%(
4$7$/3/18(P0#$4%'(A>:07#%(04$(;/K$;5(#"(6$(?/8?$%#(/1(#?$( 04$( ;/K$;5( #"( 6$( "9( >"%#( %/81/9/7017$( /1( #?$( ";/8"#4":?/7(
1L#4/$1#G2$:;$#$2( %L6#4":/70;( ";/8"#4":?/7( 854$%( "9( #?$( 854$%C(P?$4$(>074"1L#4/$1#(%#"7K%(04$(:$4$11/0;;5(2$:;$#G
>0d"4("7$01(60%/1%C(012(>/1/>0;(/1(?/8?G1L#4/$1#(P0#$4%( $2'(A1(#?$(#4":/70;(!"4#?(,#;01#/7C(0#>"%:?$4/7(:?"%:?"4L%(
%L7?(0%(#?"%$(9"L12(/1(#?$(+"L#?$41(B7$01(012($bL0#"G /1:L#%(@94">(>/1$40;(2L%#J(>05(?$;:(#"(%L%#0/1(6/";"8/70;(
4/0;(.07/9/7(@HL7$($#(0;'C(M[[ZJ'(*3$1(/1(#?$(";/8"#4":?/7( 1/#4"8$1(9/=0#/"1(@W0K$4($#(0;'C(M[[YJ'(N?$4$(/%(7L44$1#;5(1"(
854$%(0#>"%:?$4/7(1/#4"8$1(2$:"%/#/"1(/%(?/8?;5(L1;/K$;5( /19"4>0#/"1( "1( P?$#?$4( 0#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#%( "9( 7"60;#( 04$(
#"( 6$( /1#$1%$( $1"L8?( #"( 70L%$( 240>0#/7( 4$%:"1%$%( /1( "9(%/81/9/7017$(9"4(":$1("7$01(:4"2L7#/3/#5'
:?5#":;01K#"1( :":L;0#/"1%( @$'8'( 0;80;( 6;"">%J( @W0K$4(
$#(0;'C(M[[YQ(HL7$($#(0;'C(M[[ZJ'(A>:07#%(04$(#?L%(>"4$( f/17
;/K$;5( #"( 6$( #?"%$( 0%%"7/0#$2( P/#?( 7?4"1/7( $;$30#/"1( "9( _/##;$(/%(K1"P1(06"L#(#?$(:"#$1#/0;(/>:07#%("9(0#>"%:?$4G
1/#4"8$1( /1:L#%( 06"3$( #?$/4( 10#L40;( 607K84"L12( ;$3$;%( /7( /1:L#%( "9( </17( #"( #?$( "7$01C( 6L#( ;/K$( #?$( 2L%#G0%%"7/G
$'8'C( :"%%/6;$( 7?018$%( /1( $7"%5%#$>( %#4L7#L4$( 70L%$2( 0#$2($;$>$1#%C(/#(/%("1;5(9407#/"10;;5(%";L6;$(/1(%$0P0#$4'(
65( $;$30#$2( 1L#4/$1#( 030/;06/;/#5'( B1$( %L7?( :"%%/6;$( N?$4$( /%( %">$( $3/2$17$( 94">( 6"##;$( /17L60#/"1( $=:$4/G

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(:@
>$1#%(#?0#(022/#/"1%("9(</17C($/#?$4(%/18;5("4(/1(7">6/10G "1$( "9( #?$( %#L2/$%( /2$1#/9/$2( 0224$%%$2( %";L6;$( 7"60;#(
#/"1( P/#?( 7"60;#C( 701( %#/>L;0#$( :?5#":;01K#"1( 84"P#?( /1( 7"17$1#40#/"1%(012(2$:"%/#/"1(40#$%(#"(#?$("7$01'
%">$(70%$%(@H/="1C(M[[ZJ'(I?$#?$4(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#%(
"9( </17( "77L4( /1( %L99/7/$1#( bL01#/#/$%C( "4( /1( 0::4":4/0#$( f/17
;"70#/"1%C(9"4(#?$4$(#"(6$(01(/>:07#("1(>04/1$(:4"2L7#/3G
B9(#?$(030/;06;$(4$:"4#%("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(</17(7"17$1#40G
/#5(/%(1"#(7L44$1#;5(K1"P1'
#/"1%("3$4(#?$(":$1("7$01C(0(>0d"4/#5(04$(%#L2/$%(/1(#?$(
,#;01#/7(B7$01(@&[("9(&\J'(B1;5("1$("9(#?$(%#L2/$%(/2$1#/G
R,-'9%60)05,6 9/$2(0224$%%$2(%";L6;$(</17(7"17$1#40#/"1%(012(2$:"%/G
!/#4"8$1 #/"1(40#$%(#"(#?$("7$01'
,(#"#0;("9(MO(:L6;/%?$2(4$:"4#%("1(1/#4"8$1(%:$7/$%(7"1G
7$1#40#/"1%("4(2$:"%/#/"1(#"(#?$(":$1("7$01(?03$(6$$1( 87%I')-E#,/#(50%*)0'*%#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%#,/#
/2$1#/9/$2( 9"4( #?$( :L4:"%$%( "9( #?/%( 4$:"4#'( -"%#( "9( #?$%$( 56/,*9)05,6#&)4.
9"7L%( "1( $/#?$4( 1/#40#$( "4( 0>>"1/L>( "4( 6"#?C( P/#?( "1;5( A1( 7">>"1( P/#?( #?$( %/#L0#/"1( 9"4( ?$035( >$#0;( /1:L#%( #"(
0( ?0129L;( 2$0;/18( $=:;/7/#;5( P/#?( "4801/7( 1/#4"8$1'( -"%#( #?$( ":$1( "7$01C( 0;#?"L8?( 0( %$$>/18;5( ;048$( 1L>6$4(
"9(#?$%$(%#L2/$%(4$:"4#(20#0(94">(#?$(!"4#?(,#;01#/7(@&OJC( "9( %#L2/$%( @Y[J( ?03$( 6$$1( /2$1#/9/$2( #?$4$( 04$( %">$(
!"4#?( .07/9/7( @YJ( 012( +"L#?(,#;01#/7( @YJC( P/#?( 0;>"%#( 1"( 7"1%/2$406;$( 80:%( /1( "L4( K1"P;$28$( "9( 0#>"%:?$4/7(
20#0(9"4(#?$(+"L#?(.07/9/7("4(A12/01(B7$01%'(+">$C(6L#( 1L#4/$1#( /1:L#%( #"( #?$( ":$1( "7$01'( +$3$40;( "9( #?$( 1L#4/G
65( 1"( >$01%( 0;;C( "9( #?$%$( %#L2/$%( >02$( %">$( 0##$>:#( $1#( $;$>$1#%( @/4"1C( :?"%:?"4L%C( 7"60;#C( </17J( 04$( "1;5(
#"( 0%%$%%( #?$( :"#$1#/0;( />:07#( "9( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 1/#4"8$1( :04#/0;;5(%";L6;$(/1(%$0P0#$4(012(P$(2"(1"#(?03$(0(7;$04(
2$:"%/#/"1( "1( >04/1$( :4"2L7#/3/#5( "4( 6/"8$"7?$>/%#45'( L12$4%#012/18("9(P?0#(9407#/"1("9(#?$(#"#0;(/1:L#("9(#?$%$(
+$3$1(9L4#?$4(%#L2/$%(L%$2(8;"60;("4(4$8/"10;(>"2$;;/18( /%(030/;06;$(9"4(L%$(/1(:4/>045(:4"2L7#/"1(9"4(015("9(#?$%$(
#"(0##$>:#(#"($%#/>0#$(1/#4"8$1(/1:L#%(#"(#?$("7$01("3$4( $;$>$1#%'(-"%#("9(#?$(%#L2/$%(4$:"4#$2("1;5(#"#0;(0#>"G
64"02$4(%70;$%'(B1;5("1$("9(#?$%$(/17;L2$2("4801/7(1/#4"G %:?$4/7( 7"17$1#40#/"1%C( 9$P$4( 7"1%/2$4$2( 2$:"%/#/"1(
8$1(/1(/#%(010;5%/%' 40#$%( #"( #?$( "7$01( 012( 9$P$4( %#/;;( 0##$>:#$2( #"( 0%%$%%(
#?$( :"#$1#/0;( />:07#( "9( 2$:"%/#/"1( "1( :4/>045( :4"2L7G
A4"1C(.?"%:?"4L%(012(F"60;# #/"1( /1( #?$( "7$01'( A1( #?$( 70%$( "9( 1/#4"8$1( >"%#( %#L2/$%(
2/2(1"#(7"1%/2$4(#?$("4801/7(7">:"1$1#("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(
,( #"#0;( "9( OZ( 20#0( 4$:"4#%( "1( 0#>"%:?$4/7( /4"1( ?03$(
1/#4"8$1( 012( 3$45( 9$P( %#L2/$%( 4$:"4#$2( 20#0( 9"4( 0;;( #?$(
6$$1( 2"7L>$1#$2( /1( #?$( :$$4G4$3/$P$2( ;/#$40#L4$( 9"4(
>0d"4(1/#4"8$1(%:$7/$%(@1/#40#$C(0>>"1/L>(012("4801/7(
#?$( :L4:"%$( "9( #?/%( 0%%$%%>$1#'( N?/%( 4$;0#/3$;5( ;048$(
1/#4"8$1J(%/>L;#01$"L%;5'(B1;5(0(%>0;;(>/1"4/#5(@RJ("9(#?$(
1L>6$4(/%(0(4$9;$7#/"1("9(#?$(K$$1(/1#$4$%#(%?"P1(/1(/4"1(
%#L2/$%(4$:"4#$2(20#0(9"4(>"4$(#?01("1$(%";L6;$(1L#4/$1#(
0%( 0( 9L120>$1#0;( 7"1#4";( "1( >04/1$( :4"2L7#/3/#5C( 012(
@$'8'(/4"1C(:?"%:?"4L%(012(1/#4"8$1J(%/>L;#01$"L%;5'
#?$( %/81/9/7017$( "9( 0#>"%:?$4/7( #401%:"4#( /1( /#%( 6/"8$"G
7?$>/70;(757;$C("3$4(#?$(:0%#(&SGM[(5$04%'(-"%#(4$:"4#%(
04$( 9"4( #?$( !"4#?( ,#;01#/7( @M[JC( +"L#?( ,#;01#/7( @&&J( 012( A1(#$4>%("9(8$"840:?/7(2/%#4/6L#/"1C(#?$(%/#L0#/"1(/%(3$45(
!"4#?(.07/9/7(@&[JC(#"(0(;048$(2$84$$(6$70L%$(#?$(!"4#?( %/>/;04(#"(#?0#(9"4(?$035(>$#0;%'(N?$(>0d"4/#5("9(%#L2/$%(
,#;01#/7( 012( !"4#?( .07/9/7( 04$( >"%#( 2/4$7#;5( 099$7#$2( 4$:"4#( 20#0( 9"4( #?$( ,#;01#/7( B7$01( @OSJ( 012( #?$( !"4#?(
65( /4"1( /1:L#%( 94">( 2$%$4#%'(,::4"=/>0#$;5( "1$( #?/42( "9( ,#;01#/7(/1(:04#/7L;04(@OMJ'(N?$4$(/%(0(%$4/"L%(20#0(80:(/1(
#?$%$( 4$:"4#%( 0##$>:#$2( #"( 0%%$%%( %";L6;$( /4"1( /1:L#%( #?$(!"4#?(A12/01(B7$01(@O(%#L2/$%JC(P?/7?(/%(;/K$;5(#"(6$(
94">( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$'( ,( %>0;;$4( :4":"4#/"1( 0224$%%$2( ?$03/;5(/>:07#$2(65(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#%(94">(#?$(A12/01(
#?$(:"#$1#/0;(/>:07#("9(#?$%$(/1:L#%("1(:4/>045(:4"2L7#/3G %L6G7"1#/1$1#C( :04#/7L;04;5( 9"4( 1/#4"8$1'( A1( #?$( 70%$%( "9(
/#5'(A1(022/#/"1C(X(8;"60;("4(4$8/"10;(>"2$;;/18(%#L2/$%("9( 1/#4"8$1( 012( /4"1( %">$( 8;"60;( >"2$;;/18( %#L2/$%( 04$(
0#>"%:?$4/7(/4"1(/1:L#%(#"(#?$("7$01(P$4$(/2$1#/9/$2C(0;;( 030/;06;$'(I?/;$(#?$%$(0::$04(#"(8/3$(>L7?(6$##$4(%:0G
"9(P?/7?(9"7L%$2(#"(%">$($=#$1#("1(/4"1e%(/19;L$17$("1( #/0;( 4$%";L#/"1( #?01( /%( 030/;06;$( 94">( "#?$4( %#L2/$%C( #?$5(
>04/1$(:4"2L7#/3/#5("4(/#%(6/"8$"7?$>/70;(757;$' 2"( ?03$( %">$( %?"4#G7">/18%'( D"4( 6"#?( $;$>$1#%( #?$4$(
04$( :4"6;$>%( 0%%"7/0#$2( P/#?( #?$( ;/>/#$2( 030/;06/;/#5( "9(
>$0%L4$>$1#( 20#0( P/#?( P?/7?( #"( 2$3$;":( 012( 70;/640#$(
,( >0d"4/#5( "9( 20#0( 4$:"4#%( @\( "L#( "9( YJ( 9"4( 0#>"%:?$4/7(
>"2$;%'(D"4(1/#4"8$1C(0;;(6L#("1$("9(#?$(>"2$;%(2/2(1"#(
:?"%:?"4L%( 7">$( 94">( #?$( ,#;01#/7( B7$01( 012( #?4$$(
/17;L2$( "4801/7( 1/#4"8$1'( N?$( >"2$;%( "9( %";L6;$( /4"1(
bL04#$4%("9(#?$%$(04$(94">(#?$(!"4#?(,#;01#/7'(N?$(!"4#?(
/1:L#(#"(#?$("7$01(%L99$4(94">(9L4#?$4(7">:;/70#/"1%(04/%G
012(+"L#?(.07/9/7(?03$("1$(4$:"4#($07?(012(#?$4$(04$(1"(
/18(94">("L4(3$45(:""4(L12$4%#012/18("9(#?$(907#"4%(#?0#(
20#0(9"4(#?$(A12/01(B7$01'(,;>"%#(0;;(#?$(4$:"4#%(0##$>:#(
7"1#4";(#?$(9407#/"1("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(/4"1(#?0#(/%(%";L6;$(/1(
#"( 0%%$%%( #?$( %";L6;$( 9407#/"1( "9( 0#>"%:?$4/7( :?"%:?"G
%$0P0#$4(012(030/;06;$(#"(:?5#":;01K#"1'
4L%( 012( 0( 9$P( 0224$%%( /#%( :"#$1#/0;( />:07#( "1( :4/>045(
:4"2L7#/3/#5'( N?$4$( /%( "1$( 4$8/"10;( >"2$;/18( %#L25( "9(
0#>"%:?$4/7(:?"%:?"4L%(/1:L#(#"(#?$(!"4#?(,#;01#/7' J,6-('.5,6.
.L6;/70#/"1%( 4$8042/18( 0#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#%( "9( #?$( 1L#4/G
,(#"#0;("9(\(%#L2/$%("1(0#>"%:?$4/7(7"60;#(?03$(6$$1(/2$1G $1#%( 1/#4"8$1C( :?"%:?"4L%C( /4"1C( 7"60;#( 012( </17( #"( #?$(
#/9/$2C(O("9(P?/7?(4$:"4#(20#0(9"4(#?$(!"4#?(,#;01#/7'(B1;5( ":$1( "7$01( ?03$( 6$$1( 4$3/$P$2'( !"( 7">:4$?$1%/3$(

?a$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
0%%$%%>$1#%($=/%#(9"4(015("9(#?$%$($;$>$1#%'(N?$(1/#4"G #"( #?$( ":$1( "7$01%C( #?$( 20#0( 4$3/$P$2( 9"4( #?$(,47#/7( 65(
8$1( %5%#$>( ?0%( 6$$1( %#4"18;5( :$4#L46$2( 65( 01#?4":"G #?$%$(0L#?"4%(0::$04%($=#$1%/3$'(N?$("1;5(P05(#"(0%%$%%(
8$1/7( 07#/3/#5( %/17$( #?$( A12L%#4/0;( ^$3";L#/"1C( P/#?( ;/K$;5( #?$( 6$?03/"L4( 012( $99$7#%( "9( #?$( >015( .B.%( 012( .WN%(
/>:07#%( "1( >04/1$( $7"%5%#$>( 9L17#/"1( 94">( 7?4"1/7C( /1(#?$(":$1("7$01(0#(:4$%$1#(/%(65(h6"44"P/18e(20#0(94">(
;"PG;$3$;( /1:L#%( /1( %">$( "7$01( 04$0%'( N?$( 01#?4":"G 4$8/"10;( %$0%( 012( "#?$4( 0%%$%%>$1#%( 012( :4$:04/18( 0(
8$1/7(/>:07#%("1(#?$(757;$%("9("#?$4(1L#4/$1#%(04$(>"4$( %L6G%$#("9(#?0#(20#0(4$;$301#(#"(#?$(":$1("7$01%'(N?/%(/1(
2/99/7L;#(#"(0%%$%%C(:04#;5(6$70L%$(#?$/4(757;$%(/17;L2$(0( /#%$;9(P"L;2(7"1%#/#L#$(0(>0d"4(0%%$%%>$1#(012(8"$%(904(
%/81/9/701#( 7">:"1$1#( 94">( #?$( ?/8?;5( 304/06;$( 012( 1"#( 6$5"12(#?$(7L44$1#(64/$9'
P$;;(L12$4%#""2(10#L40;(2L%#(757;$C(012(/1(%$3$40;(70%$%(
2L$(#"(#?$(3$45(;/>/#$2(0>"L1#("9(20#0(030/;06;$'(,;>"%#( .$4%/%#$1#(B4801/7(.";;L#01#%(@.B.%J(012(#?$(
1"(20#0(04$(030/;06;$(9"4(#?$(+"L#?(.07/9/7(012(!"4#?(012( +#"7K?";>(F"13$1#/"1(@+FJ
+"L#?(A12/01(B7$01%(9"4(015("9(#?$(1L#4/$1#%'
N?$(+#"7K?";>(F"13$1#/"1(@M[[&J(/%(/1#$12$2(#"(:4"#$7#(
?L>01( ?$0;#?( 012( #?$( $13/4"1>$1#( 94">( #?$( $99$7#%( "9(
A1(#$4>%("9(#?$(4$8L;04(:4"7$%%C(#?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#%( :$4%/%#$1#( "4801/7( :";;L#01#%'( N?$( %/810#"4/$%( :4"?/6/#(
"9(1/#4"8$1(04$(#?$("1;5(1L#4/$1#(/1:L#%(P?/7?(P$(7"1%/2$4( 012($;/>/10#$("4(4$%#4/7#(:4"2L7#/"1(012(L%$'(N?$(9";;"PG
#"( 4$bL/4$( 07#/3$( >"1/#"4/18( 6$70L%$( #?$5( 04$( 2">/G /18(%L6%#017$%(04$(;/%#$2T
10#$2(65(01#?4":"8$1/7(07#/3/#5C(;/K$;5(#"(?03$(%/81/9/701#(
/>:07#%("1("7$01($7"%5%#$>(9L17#/"1(012(04$(0;%"(;/K$;5(
#"(7?018$("3$4(#/>$(0%(0(4$%L;#("9(7?018$%(/1(#?$(/1#$1G 8(7*56>#J1(,*7)6%>#RRD>#R5%(7*56>#<67*56>#X%40)-1(,*>#
X%@)-1(,*,3%6Y%6%>#;5*%@>#D,@)41%6%>#+JRR.>#
%/#5( 012( 8$"840:?/70;( ;"70#/"1( "9( L4601U/12L%#4/0;( $>/%G
+JRZ.#)67#+JV.
%/"1%(012(084/7L;#L40;(:407#/7$%'
N?$%$( &M( :$4%/%#$1#C( @%$>/GJ3";0#/;$( 7">:"L12%( 04$(
#401%:"4#$2( #?4"L8?( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( 012( #5:/70;;5( ?03$(
4./.M, N3N"I,N=0"I,C'C"
;"18(0#>"%:?$4/7(4$%/2$17$(#/>$%'(-$0%L4$>$1#%(?03$(
N?$4$(?0%(6$$1(>L7?(4$7$1#(:4"84$%%(/1(#?$(/2$1#/9/70G %?"P1(#?0#(#?$5(04$(P/2$%:4$02(/1(6/"#0(/1(4$8/"1%(%L7?(
#/"1C(?0<042($30;L0#/"1C(4/%K(0%%$%%>$1#(012(>"1/#"4/18( 0%(#?$(,47#/7'(
"9(:$4%/%#$1#("4801/7(:";;L#01#%(@.B.J(0%(P$;;(0%(:$4%/%G
#$1#C(6/"077L>L;0#/18(012(#"=/7(%L6%#017$%(@.WNJ'( N?$( +F( %$74$#04/0#( ?0%( 2$3$;":$2( 0( :4$;/>/1045( /13$1G
#"45( "9( 7L44$1#( 012( :0%#( 10#/"10;C( 4$8/"10;( 012( /1#$410G
-7H"10;2($#(0;'(@M[[SJ(0%%$%%$2(0(P/2$(304/$#5("9(20#0("1( #/"10;(>"1/#"4/18(:4"840>>$%(60%$2(;048$;5("1(#?$%$(&M(
#?$(757;/18("9(7?;"4/10#$2(:$4%/%#$1#(7"1#0>/101#%(/17;L2G %L6%#017$%( @E!*.G+FC( M[[YJ'( A#( :4"3/2$%( 01( "3$43/$P(
/18(.B.%(/1(#?$(,47#/7(012(7"17;L2$2(#?0#(j3%-)'.%#01%*%# "9( >"1/#"4/18( $=$47/%$%( 4$;0#$2( #"( #?$( +Fe%( /1/#/0;( ;/%#( "9(
)*%# ,6(E# .4,*)75-># ,44,*0'65.05-# 059%# .%*5%.# /,*# ,*&)6,? .B.%'(N?$(>0d"4/#5("9(:4"840>%(;/%#$2(04$(9"4(:L4:"%$%(
-1(,*56%#-,94,'67.#56#,-%)6.>#*5=%*.#)67#()F%.>#01%#-,6? "#?$4( #?01( >"1/#"4/18( #?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#'( N?"%$(
6%-05,6#3%0A%%6#01%#)09,.41%*%>#A15-1#*%.4,67.#*)457(E# /1#$410#/"10;( :4"840>%( P/#?( :"#$1#/0;( 4$;$3017$( #"( #?$(
0,#%95..5,6.>#)67#01%#)I')05-#35,0)>#A15-1#*%.4,67#0,#01%# >04/1$($13/4"1>$1#(04$(;/%#$2(/1(N06;$(R'
A)0%*>#5.#95..56&l'(A#(%?"L;2(6$(1"#$2(#?0#(65(7">:04/%"1(

2V[OQ$A7$!MJQKMVJ1LMVO$SVK1MQ$SLM1JLK1MN$XKLNKVSSQI$ZLK$XQKI1IJQMJ$LKNVM1R$RLSXLWMTI$`/#/I^

International Assessment Participation POPs

Arctic Marine Assessment Arctic – circumpolar (Arctic Ocean, Arctic marginal seas, Arctic aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, endrin,
Program territories of the eight Arctic countries) (north of 60° N but DDT, heptachlor, mirex, toxaphene,
also including relevant marine areas south of this latitude, e.g. HCB, PCB and PCDD/PCDF
Hudson Bay

Background Air Monitoring of Cambodia, Indonesia, Korea (Republic of), Japan, Mongolia, aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, endrin,
POPs in East Asian Countries Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam DDT, heptachlor, mirex, toxaphene,
HCB, and PCBs

European Air Pollution Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Finland, Great Britain, chlordane, dieldrin, endrin, DDT,
Monitoring Programme Iceland, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden. heptachlor, HCB, PCB
(EMEP) European air monitoring program on POPs is support of the
1979 Geneva Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air
Pollution. Some monitoring sites are located in coastal areas.

Global Atmospheric Passive Several sites in Africa (5), South East Asia, Australia (6), aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, endrin,
Sampling Study Antarctica (1), Central and South America (11), Europe (9), DDT, heptachlor, mirex, toxaphene,
and North America (1) HCB, PCB and PCDD/PCDF

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(?9
N?$4$(?03$(6$$1(1"(0%%$%%>$1#%("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#%( 2V[OQ$C7$/#/I$VMT$/G2I$IQOQRJQT$[P$JUQ$)'$ZLK$
"9( .B.%( $=7;L%/3$;5( #"( #?$( ":$1( "7$01%'( N?$( E!*.G KQD1QY$LZ$JUQ1K$K1I]$ROVII1Z1RVJ1LMI
/1/#/0#$2( ^$8/"10;;5( W0%$2( ,%%$%%>$1#( "9( .$4%/%#$1#(
N"=/7( +L6%#017$%( @^W,.N+J( :4"d$7#( P0%( 2$%/81$2( #"( State of evaluation Total: 127
80#?$4( 20#0( 012( 0%%$%%( #?$( %"L47$%C( $13/4"1>$1#0;( Classified as PBT 23
7"17$1#40#/"1%C( #401%G6"L12045( >"3$>$1#( 012( $99$7#%(
"9( %">$( "9( #?$( 06"3$( %L6%#017$%( @E!*.C( M[[OJ'( N?$( Classified as PBT and POP 3, including DDT
4$:"4#("9(#?/%(:4"d$7#(9"4(#?$(.07/9/7(4$8/"1(/12/70#$%(#?0#( Still under investigation 30
20#0( "1( #?$%$( %L6%#017$%( /1( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( 04$( 3$45(
%7047$'(`"P$3$4C("#?$4(4$8/"10;(4$:"4#%(%L7?(0%(#?0#(9"4( Pending 8
#?$(,1#047#/7( /12/70#$( #?0#( L%$9L;( 20#0( 04$( 030/;06;$( "1( Not PBT not POP 63
2$:"%/#/"1("9(.B.%'(

,22/#/"10;(.B.%
N?$(.B.%(^$3/$P(F">>/##$$("9(#?$(+#"7K?";>(F"13$1#/"1( B9(#?$(MO(%L6%#017$%(7;0%%/9/$2(0%(.WN("4(3.3WC(#?4$$(
?0%( 4$7$1#;5( 4$7">>$12$2( #?$( 9";;"P/18( 022/#/"10;( %L6G 04$(7;0%%/9/$2(0%(.B.%'(,(?0;9G;/9$(/1(0/4("9(>"4$(#?01(#P"(
%#017$%(9"4(/17;L%/"1(/1(#?$(F"13$1#/"1(,11$=$%T 205%(012(0(30:"L4(:4$%%L4$(;$%%(#?01(&C[[[(.0(04$(#0K$1(
65(%">$(4$8L;0#"45(08$17/$%(0%(/12/70#/3$("9(:"#$1#/0;(9"4(
;"18G4018$(#401%:"4#'(D"4(0::4"=/>0#$;5(&&("L#("9(#?$(MO(
J1(,*7%-,6%>#X%@)3*,9,3541%6E(># .WN%C( 0#>"%:?$4/7( #401%:"4#( >05( 6$( 4$;$301#C( 0%( /12/G
O567)6%>#+%60)3*,9,7541%6E(#%01%*#)67#
70#$2(65(#?$/4(4$%:$7#/3$(*E(^/%K(,%%$%%>$1#(^$:"4#%C(
+%*/(',*,,-0)6%.'(41,6)0%
*E(.WN(+L>>045(D07#(+?$$#%(012(AEF_AH(20#0(9/;$%'(
A#(?0%(0;%"(4$7$1#;5(02":#$2(4/%K(:4"9/;$%(9"4(#?$(9";;"P/18(
7?$>/70;%( 012( 2$7/2$2( #?0#( j01%E# )*%# (5F%(E># ).# )# *%.'(0#
W$04/18( /1( >/12( #?$( >/840#/"1( "9( 7?$>/70;( :4"2L7#/"1(
,/# 01%5*# (,6&?*)6&%# %6=5*,69%60)(# 0*)6.4,*0># 0,# (%)7# 0,#
94">(!"4#?(,>$4/70(012(I$%#$41(*L4":$(P?$4$(4$8L;0G
.5&65/5-)60# )7=%*.%# 1'9)6# 1%)(01# )67B,*# %6=5*,69%60)(#
#/"1( /%( 8$1$40;;5( %#4/7#C( #"( F?/10C( A12/0C( #?$( -/22;$( *0%#(
%//%-0.#.'-1#01)0#&(,3)(#)-05,6#5.#A)**)60%7lT
012( ^L%%/0C( P?$4$( 7?$>/70;( %09$#5( 4$8L;0#/"1( /%( %#/;;(
2$3$;":/18C(%L7?(1$P;5(7;0%%/9/$2(.B.%(012(.WN%(701G
N-0)3*,9,7541%6E(#%01%*>#+%60)-1(,*,3%6Y%6%># 1"#(6$(/81"4$2'
8(41)#[#V%0)?1%@)-1(,*,-E-(,1%@)6%
-015( "9( #?$%$( %L6%#017$%( 04$( K1"P1C( "4( 0%%L>$2C( #"( `"P$3$4C( P?$4$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#0;( 0%%$%%>$1#( /%(
6$(#401%:"4#$2(/1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$'(W$70L%$("9(#?$/4(%L4G 7"17$41$2C(#?$4$(/%(1"(0L#">0#/7(1$$2(#"($=#$12(>"1/G
907$G07#/3$(:4":$4#/$%C(#?$5(04$(:4$2">/101#;5(6"L12(#"( #"4/18(70:07/#5(#"(#?$%$(022/#/"10;(.B.(012(.WN(7?$>/G
:04#/7;$%(40#?$4(#?01(6$/18(/1(0(80%$"L%(%#0#$' 70;%'(B1(#?$("#?$4(?012C(0(7"1#/1L0#/"1("9(4$%$047?(012(
>"1/#"4/18(9"7L%/18("1(#?$("4/8/10;(&M(.B.%(%?"L;2(6$(
.$4%/%#$1#(W/"077L>L;0#/18(012(N"=/7(+L6%#017$%'( $17"L408$2'( N?$( :4/"4/#5( %?"L;2( 6$( 9L4#?$4( 4$%$047?(
#"( $%#06;/%?( #?$( %/81/9/7017$( "9( #?$%$( %L6%#017$%( P/#?(
.WN( 7;0%%/9/70#/"1( /%( 0( ?0<042G60%$2( %5%#$>( $=0>/1G
4$8042(#"(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#($99$7#%(6$9"4$(:4"7$$2/18(
/18( 2$84020#/"1( "9( #?$( %L6%#017$( /1( 0/4C( P0#$4C( %"/;( 012(
P/#?(#?$(1$P$4(7012/20#$%'(
%$2/>$1#C( 6/"077L>L;0#/"1( /1( 6/"#0C( /17;L2/18( 9/%?C( 012(
#"=/7/#5(/1(#?$(0bL0#/7($13/4"1>$1#(0%(P$;;(0%(?L>01(704G
7/1"8$1/7/#5C( >L#08$1/7/#5( 012( 4$:4"G#"=/7/#5'( N?$( 7;0%G N?$4$(/%(0(8$1$40;(%7047/#5("9(/19"4>0#/"1("1(0#>"%:?$4/7(
%/9/70#/"1(3.3W(4$9$4%(#"(3$45(:$4%/%#$1#(012(3$45(6/"07G /1:L#%("9(.B.%(#"(#?$(":$1("7$01'(N?L%C(%$;$7#$2(20#0(
7L>L;0#/18( %L6%#017$%'( .WN( :4"840>%( 04$( ":$40#/"10;( 94">(#?$(>048/1%(>05(6$(1$$2$2(9"4(9L#L4$(":$1G"7$01(
/1(#?$(*EC(F01020(012(%">$("#?$4(4$8/"1%U10#/"1%' 0%%$%%>$1#%'

A1(#?$(*EC(7;0%%/9/70#/"1("9(0(%L6%#017$(0%(.WN("4(3.3W( FDF%(
L12$4( #?$( 1$P( ^*,F`( ^$8L;0#/"1( P/;;( /1( 9L#L4$( ;$02( #"( FDF%( 04$( ;"P( >";$7L;04( P$/8?#C( ?/8?;5( 3";0#/;$( 7">G
4$%#4/7#/"1( "9( :4"2L7#/"1( 9"4( 0( :$4/"2( "9( %">$( 5$04%( #"( :"L12%(L%$2(/1(4$94/8$40#/"1(0%(%";3$1#%(012(0%(:4":$;G
0;;"P(0(%"7/"G$7"1">/7(/>:07#(0%%$%%>$1#(012(:"%%/6/;/G ;01#%'(B;2$4(#5:$%(8$1$40;;5(?03$(3$45(;"18(?0;9(;/3$%(/1(
#/$%(9"4(%L6%#/#L#/"1(#"(6$($=0>/1$2C(:4/"4(#"(:?0%/18("L#' #?$(0#>"%:?$4$("9(L:(#"(&[[(5$04%("4(>"4$'(!$P$4(#5:$%(
04$(1"#(%0#L40#$2(P/#?(?0;"8$1(012(#?$(4$>0/1/18(?524"G
A1(%L::"4#("9(#?/%C(/1(#?$(*EC(0(4$3/$P("9(M\[[(?/8?(:4"G 8$1%("4(0(2"L6;$(6"12($1%L4$(904(>"4$(40:/2(2$84020G
2L7#/"1( 3";L>$( @w&[[[( #( 54G&J( 012( F-^( @7047/1"8$1/7C( #/"1'(N?$5(04$(:"P$49L;(84$$1?"L%$(80%$%(012(099$7#(#?$(
>L#08$1/7(012(4$:4"G#"=/7J(%L6%#017$%(/%(L12$4P05'(&MY( "<"1$( ;05$4'( !"( 2/4$7#( />:07#( "1( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( /%( #"(
%L6%#017$%(?03$(6$$1(%$;$7#$2(9"4(9L4#?$4($=0>/10#/"1( 6$($=:$7#$2'
@N06;$(SJ'(

?:$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
?7?$*U1X,[VIQT$RLMJVS1MVJ1LM$ $ M[[&J'(,(>0d"4(7"17$41(?0%(6$$1(#?$(%:4$02("9(2/%$0%$(
>/74"G"4801/%>%(/1(7";/9"4>(607#$4/0(P?/7?(04$(70:06;$("9(
4.4.-, J#O!)#
$1#$4/18( 0( 2"4>01#( :?0%$( 012( #?$4$9"4$( %L43/3$( /1( %$0G
R%.-*5405,6#)67#,*5&56 P0#$4(9"4(;"18(:$4/"2%'(I?/;$(/19$7#/"1(>05("77L4(#?4"L8?(
I?/;$(#?$(8;"60;(2/%7?048$("9(%$P08$(94">(%?/:%(/%(4$;0G 7"1#07#(P/#?(%K/1(0640%/"1%(/1(?L>01%(012(#?4"L8?(/18$%G
#/3$;5(;"P(P?$1(7">:04$2(#"(6"#?(#4$0#$2(012(L1#4$0#$2( #/"1("9(%$0P0#$4C(#?$(>0d"4(?$0;#?(4/%K(/%(#?$(7"1#0>/10#/"1(
%$P08$( 94">( ;012G60%$2( %"L47$%C( 7"17$41%( ?03$( 6$$1( "9( %$09""2C( :04#/7L;04;5( %?$;;9/%?'( A1( 022/#/"1C( 2$#$48$1#%(
40/%$2( "1( ;"70;/<$2( $99$7#%( "9( %$P08$( 012( P0%#$P0#$4( 012(7?$>/70;%(9"L12(/1(7;$01/18(%";L#/"1%(012(#"/;$#(2/%/1G
2/%7?048$( 94">( %?/:%C( :04#/7L;04;5( /1( 7"0%#0;( P0#$4%( 012( 9$7#01#%(701(6$(#"=/7(#"(>04/1$(;/9$(012(?L>01%(@F;04K$C(
:"4#%( @-$041%( $#( 0;'C( M[[SQ( 301( `$$%C( &XYYJ'(,;;( P0%#$G M[[&J'(N?$(/>:07#("9(%$P08$(/1(":$1("7$01(P0#$4%(P/#?(
P0#$4%C( /17;L2/18( 84$5P0#$4( 012( 6;07KP0#$4C( ?03$( 6$$1( ?/8?(40#$%("9(2/;L#/"1(/%(7"1%/2$406;5(4$2L7$2(P?$1(7">G
70#$8"4/<$2(0%(%$P08$(9"4(#?$(:L4:"%$("9(0%%$%%>$1#%' :04$2( #"( 1$04%?"4$( 04$0%'( I?/;$( 077L>L;0#/"1%( "9( #407$(
>$#0;%( %L7?( 0%( %/;3$4( ?03$( 6$$1( 1"#$2( 0#( %$3$40;( 2$$:(
,%%$%%>$1#%( "9( %$P08$( 2/%7?048$( ?03$( $/#?$4( 9"7L%$2( %$0( %;L28$( 2L>:/18( %/#$%( @F;04K$C( M[[&JC( #?$( ?/8?;5( 2/9G
"1(/12/3/2L0;(7">:"L12%("4(/1/#/0;(012(%$7"12045(2/;L#/"1( 9L%$2(10#L4$("9(%?/:(%$P08$(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01(2"$%(1"#(
40#$%'( A1/#/0;( 2/;L#/"1( /%( #?$( :?5%/70;( >/=/18( "9( 0( 4$;0#/3$;5( :"%$(0(%/81/9/701#(?$0;#?(4/%K(@^005>0K$4%C(M[[OJ'
%>0;;( 012( >"3/18( 2/%7?048$( $1#$4/18( 0( P0#$4( 6"25C( 012(
%$7"12045(2/;L#/"1(/%(70L%$2(65(>/=/18(65(#?$(%?/:(:4":$;G R,-'9%60)05,6
;$4%(@F";"1$;;($#(0;'C(M[[[J'(N?$(2/;L#/"1(012(2/%:$4%/"1("9( HL$( #"( #?$( 84$0#$4( $99$7#%( "9( %$P08$( /1( 7"0%#0;( 04$0%C(
P0%#$P0#$4(2/%7?048$(:;L>$%(?03$(6$$1(:4$2/7#$2(65(0( >L7?( "9( #?$( 4$%$047?( 012( 0%%$%%>$1#%( ?03$( 9"7L%$2(
>"2$;(2$3$;":$2(9"4(,;0%K0(P0#$4%(P?/7?(:4$2/7#%(/1/#/0;( "1(%?/:(2/%7?048$%(/1(/1%?"4$(P0#$4%C($%:$7/0;;5(/1(04$0%(
2/;L#/"1("9(0::4"=/>0#$;5(R[C[[[T&(@F";"1$;;($#(0;'C(M[[[J' P/#?(?$035(%?/::/18(%L7?(0%(:"4#%C(74L/%$(%?/:(2$%#/10G
#/"1%C( 012( 7"0%#0;( %?/::/18( ;01$%'( ,( 90/4;5( 7">:4$?$1G
-,^.B_(,11$=( Aa( 2$9/1$%( %$P08$( 0%( j240/108$( 94">( %/3$("3$43/$P("9(#?$(:4"6;$>C(>0108$>$1#(012(7"1#4";(
>$2/70;( :4$>/%$%C( #"/;$#%C( L4/10;%C( %:07$%( 7"1#0/1/18( >$7?01/%>%C( 012( :"#$1#/0;( ?$0;#?( 012( $13/4"1>$1#0;(
;/3$( 01/>0;%( 012( "#?$4( P0%#$( P0#$4%( P?$1( >/=$2( P/#?( 4/%K%( P0%( L12$4#0K$1( 65( 301( `$$%( @&XYYJ'( N?$( E1/#$2(
%$P08$(P0%#$(%#4$0>%'l(,;#?"L8?(02":#$2(/1(&XYOC(#?$( +#0#$%( *13/4"1>$1#0;( .4"#$7#/"1( ,8$175( @E+*.,J( ?0%(
,11$=( 2/2( 1"#( 7">$( /1#"( $99$7#( L1#/;( +$:#$>6$4( M[[OC( L12$4#0K$1(0(%$4/$%("9(%L43$5%("1(#?$($99$7#%("9(%$P08$(
P/#?( %L6%$bL$1#( 0>$12>$1#%( $1#$4$2( /1#"( 9"47$( "1( &( 2/%7?048$(94">(74L/%$(%?/:%C(:04#/7L;04;5(P/#?(4$9$4$17$(#"(
,L8L%#( M[[S'( ,11$=( Aa( 4$bL/4$%( %?/:%( #"( 6$( $bL/::$2( ,;0%K0(012(#?$(F04/66$01(@E+*.,C(M[[YQ(E+*.,C(M[[MQ(
P/#?( $/#?$4( 0( %$P08$( #4$0#>$1#( :;01#C( 0( %$P08$( 7">G E+*.,C( M[[[J'( -015( "9( #?$%$( ?03$( 6$$1( 4$07#/"1045(
>/1L#/18( 012( 2/%/19$7#/18( %5%#$>C( "4( 0( %$P08$( ?";2/18( $99"4#%(#"(:L6;/7(":/1/"1("4(:$#/#/"1%(4$7$/3$2(4$bL$%#/18(
#01K'( I/#?/1( #?4$$( >/;$%( "9( %?"4$C( ,11$=( Aa( 4$bL/4$%( #?$(E+*.,(#"(0%%$%%(012(7"1#4";(P0%#$P0#$4(2/%7?048$(
#?0#( %$P08$( 2/%7?048$%( 6$( #4$0#$2( 65( 0( 7$4#/9/$2( -+H( 94">(74L/%$(%?/:%'(,(#P"G5$04(%L43$5(7"12L7#$2(6$#P$$1(
@-04/1$( +01/#0#/"1( H$3/7$J( :4/"4( #"( 2/%7?048$( /1#"( #?$( M[[[(012(M[[M(4$:"4#$2(:`(012(7"17$1#40#/"1%("9(9$70;(
"7$01'(+$P08$(2/%7?048$%(>02$(6$#P$$1(#?4$$(012(&M( 607#$4/0C( 1L#4/$1#%C( #407$( >$#0;%( 012( "4801/7( 7?$>/70;%(
>/;$%("9(%?"4$(>L%#(6$(#4$0#$2(65(1"(;$%%(#?01(>07$40G 9"L12( /1( "3$4( M[[( %0>:;$%( "9( L1#4$0#$2( 012( #4$0#$2(
#/"1(012(7?;"4/10#/"1C(012(%$P08$(2/%7?048$%(6$5"12(&M( 6;07KP0#$4C( 012( 84$5P0#$4( 94">( %$3$40;( 2"<$1( 74L/%$(
>/;$%(94">(%?"4$(04$(L14$%#4/7#$2'(A1(022/#/"1C(#?/%(,11$=( %?/:%(@-"4$?"L%$C(M[[OJ'(
$%#06;/%?$%( 7$4#0/1( %$P08$( 4$7$:#/"1( 907/;/#5( %#012042%(
012( 4$%:"1%/6/;/#/$%( 9"4( :"4#%( "9( 7"1#407#/18( :04#/$%'( +L43$5%( 65( #?$( E+*.,( /12/70#$( #?0#( 2/%7?048$%( 94">(
,11$=(Aa(0;%"($%#06;/%?$%(0(>"2$;(A1#$410#/"10;(+$P08$( 74L/%$( %?/:%( L12$48"( 0( 2/;L#/"1( #?0#( /%( >L7?( 84$0#$4(
.";;L#/"1(.4$3$1#/"1(F$4#/9/70#$'( #?01( #?$( /1/#/0;( 2/;L#/"1( :4$2/7#$2( 65( #?$( ,;0%K0( >"2$;(
"9(F";"1$;;($#(0;(@M[[[J'(,(+7/$17$(,23/%"45(.01$;(7">G
Q94)-0.#)67#.5&65/5-)6-% >/%%/"1$2(65(#?$(,;0%K0(F4L/%$(+?/:(A1/#/0#/3$(@,F+AJ(#"(
+?/:%e( %$P08$( >0/1;5( 7"1%/%#%( "9( P0#$4G6"41$( ?L>01( 0%%$%%( P0%#$P0#$4( 2/%7?048$( 7"17;L2$2( #?0#( #?$( ?/8?(
P0%#$C( 012( "9( P0%#$P0#$4%( 8$1$40#$2( /1( :4$:04/18( 9""2C( >/=/18(40#$(6$?/12(0(2/%7?048/18(3$%%$;(%?"L;2(:4$3$1#(
P0%?/18(2/%?$%C(/1(;0L124/$%C(%?"P$4%C(;030#"4/$%C(012(65( %/81/9/701#(077L>L;0#/"1("9(7"1#0>/101#%(/1(#?$(%$0(%L4G
>$2/70;(907/;/#/$%'(N?$(7"1#$1#%(#?0#(04$(7">>"1;5(#$4>$2( 907$(>/74";05$4(@-$041%($#(0;'C(M[[SJ'
:";;L#01#%(>0/1;5(04$(6/"2$840206;$("4801/7(>0##$4C(/1"4G
801/7(1L#4/$1#%(012(607#$4/0(@:4/17/:0;;5(7";/9"4>J'(`L>01( 87%I')-E#,/#(50%*)0'*%#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%#,/#
%$P08$(7"1#0/1%($1#$4/7(607#$4/0C(:0#?"8$1%(012(3/4L%$%C( 56/,*9)05,6#&)4.
012( #?$( $88%( "9( /1#$%#/10;( :040%/#$%( P?/7?( >05( :"%$( F4L/%$(%?/:%(?03$(6$$1(#?$(%L6d$7#("9(>"%#(%L43$5%(2L$(
7"1%/2$406;$( :L6;/7( ?$0;#?( 4/%K%( @E+*.,C( M[[YQ( F;04K$C( #"(#?$(0>"L1#("9(P0%#$P0#$4(8$1$40#$2("16"042'(N?$4$(
M[[&J'( +$P08$( ?0%( 6$$1( K1"P1( #"( ;$02( #"( 2$#$4/"40G ?0%( 0;%"( 6$$1( 0( 84$0#$4( /1#$4$%#( /1( 0%%$%%/18( 74L/%$(
#/"1("9(P0#$4(bL0;/#5C(0;#$4(90L10;(012(9;"40;(0%%$>6;08$%( %?/:( %$P08$( 2/%7?048$%( /1( !"4#?( ,>$4/701( P0#$4%C(
1$04( ;048$( "7$01( "L#90;;%C( 012( ?0%( 6$$1( 4$%:"1%/6;$( 9"4( :04#/7L;04;5( 04"L12( ,;0%K0( 012( #?$( %"L#?$41( E1/#$2(
2/%$0%$( "L#64$0K%( 0##4/6L#$2( #"( 9$70;( 7";/9"4>%( @F;04K$C( +#0#$%( 012( F04/66$01C( >0/1;5( 2L$( #"( $=#$1%/3$( 74L/%$(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(??
#"L4/%>(/1(#?"%$(4$8/"1%'(`"P$3$4C(#?$4$(0::$04%(#"(6$( !" C
" *D*%3:" &$" '/;*+" '5*)&'" =,*" $%*)" ,+&*E5" $%" =,*" :E,+"
0(2$04#?("9(/19"4>0#/"1(P/#?(4$8042(#"("#?$4(4$8/"1%(012( 7"1#07#(012(/1?0;0#/"1Q
7">>$47/0;( %?/::/18'( HL$( #"( #?$( 84$0#$4( 9"7L%( "1( #?$( !" F53/-&,$+"$1"*;5+,&,5:>"*+3
/12L%#45C( 74L/%$( %?/:%( >05( 6$( "6;/8$2( #"( >0/1#0/1( >/1/G !" 2+&5%15%5+-5"8,&'"$&'5%"/:5:"$1"&'5":5*G
>L>(%#012042%(P/#?(4$8042(#"(P0%#$(2/%:"%0;(012(%">$(
7">:01/$%( ?03$( %/81$2( 084$$>$1#%( P/#?( 4$8L;0#"45( R,-'9%60)05,6
6"2/$%( "1( 2/%7?048$( %#012042%( 012( :407#/7$%( @-$041%(
I?/;$(20#0("1(7?$>/70;(%:/;;%(94">(%?/:%(04$(7";;$7#$2(65(
$#(0;'C(M[[SJ'(F"1%/2$4/18(#?$($=#$1#("9(7">>$47/0;(%?/:G
304/"L%( 10#/"10;( 0L#?"4/#/$%C( :4/30#$( 7">:01/$%C( /12L%#45(
:/18(P"4;2P/2$C(/#(>05(6$(1$7$%%045(#"($=:$2/#$(64"02$4(
84"L:%C(012(7">>$47/0;($1#/#/$%C(#?$4$(?0%(6$$1(1"(%5%G
0%%$%%>$1#%("9(%$P08$(2/%7?048$(P/#?(4$;0#/"1(#"(%?/:G
#$>0#/7(7">:/;0#/"1("9(#?$%$(20#0'(!$/#?$4(?03$(#?$4$(6$$1(
:/18C(:04#/7L;04;5(/1(;$%%$4(%#L2/$2(04$0%(P/#?(?$035(%?/:(
015( 010;5%$%( "4( 0%%$%%>$1#%( "9( #?$( $=#$1#( "9( 7?$>/70;(
#4099/7'( `"P$3$4C( /1( #?$( 7"1#$=#( "9( #?$( ":$1( "7$01C( #?$(
/1:L#%(#"(":$1("7$01(P0#$4%("4(:"#$1#/0;(/>:07#%(#?$4$"9'(
0>"L1#( "9( %$P08$( 2/%7?048$2( 012( /#%( />:07#( 701( 6$(
7"1%/2$4$2( #"( 6$( 1$8;/8/6;$C( 012( 9L4#?$4( %#L2/$%( P"L;2(
1"#(6$(4$bL/4$2(0#(#?/%(#/>$' 87%I')-E#,/#(50%*)0'*%#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%#,/#
56/,*9)05,6#&)4.

J,6-('.5,6. N?$4$( 04$( 1"( %#L2/$%( "1( #?$( /1:L#%( "9( 7?$>/70;%( 94">(
%?/::/18( %:/;;%( "1( P?/7?( #"( 60%$( 015( 0%%$%%>$1#%( "9(
A#(0::$04%(#?0#(%$P08$(2/%7?048$(94">(%?/:%(/1(#?$(":$1(
#?$/4(/>:07#%("1(#?$(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#'(
"7$01( 2"$%( 1"#( ?03$( >0d"4( $13/4"1>$1#0;( "4( ?L>01(
?$0;#?( />:07#%( @^005>0K$4%C( M[[OJC( 012( 7L44$1#( ":$1(
"7$01(2/%7?048$(/%(/1(7">:;/017$(P/#?(-,^.B_(,11$=( J,6-('.5,6.
Aa'(I?/;$(/19"4>0#/"1(80:%($=/%#(9"4(7$4#0/1(4$8/"1%C(#?$4$( F?$>/70;(%:/;;%(94">(%?/:%(04$(4$;0#/3$;5(404$($3$1#%(012(
/%(1"(>0d"4(4$bL/4$>$1#(9"4(9L4#?$4(0%%$%%>$1#%("4(4$8LG ;/K$;5( #"( ?03$( ?/8?;5( ;"70;/<$2( />:07#%( 2$:$12$1#( "1( 0(
;0#/"1%(P/#?(4$;0#/"1(#"(#?$(":$1("7$01' 1L>6$4("9(907#"4%C(/17;L2/18(#?$(:04#/7L;04(%L6%#017$@%J(
/13";3$2C( #?$( 0>"L1#%( %:/;;$2C( :4$30/;/18( $13/4"1>$1#0;(
4.4./, C5#$(7!2,J1(22" 7"12/#/"1%(@$'8'C(0/4(012(P0#$4(#$>:$40#L4$JC(#?$(4$%"L47G
$%($=:"%$2(012(#?$/4(%$1%/#/3/#/$%'(
R%.-*5405,6#)67#,*5&56
N01K( %?/:%( 012( 245( 6L;K( %?/:%( 70445( 0( ;048$( 304/$#5( "9( A#( P"L;2( 7$4#0/1;5( 6$( ?$;:9L;( /9( /13$1#"4/$%( "9( "/;( %:/;;%(
?0<042"L%( %L6%#017$%( "#?$4( #?01( "/;'( N?$5( 04$( %L6d$7#( P"L;2( 0;%"( /17;L2$( /19"4>0#/"1( "1( 7?$>/70;( /17/2$1#%'(
#"( %/>/;04( 7";;/%/"1%C( 84"L12/18%( 012( "#?$4( 077/2$1#%( 0%( +#L2/$%(/1#"(7?$>/70;(%:/;;08$%(94">(%?/:%(>/8?#(0##$>:#(
"/;(#01K$4%'(+/17$(#?$4$(04$(9$P$4(3$%%$;%(70445/18(#?$%$( #"(/2$1#/95(#?$(>"%#(7">>"1(7?$>/70;%(%:/;;$2C($'8'C(%#5G
?0<042"L%( %L6%#017$%( #?01( #?$4$( 04$( 3$%%$;%( 70445/18( 4$1$C(40#?$4(#?01($=:$12/18(4$%"L47$%("1($3$45(/12/3/2G
"/;(0%(7048"(012U"4(9L$;C(#?$4$(04$(>015(9$P$4(7?$>/70;( L0;(7?$>/70;'(N?$(84$0#$%#(012(>"%#(%$4/"L%(/>:07#%("9(
%:/;;%(4$:"4#$2(#?01("/;(%:/;;%' #?$%$(%:/;;%(04$(;/K$;5(#"(6$(4$0;/<$2(/1(1$04G%?"4$(P0#$4%(
P/#?(4$%#4/7#$2(P0#$4($=7?018$(012(?/8?(6/"2/3$4%/#5'
Q94)-0.#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%
+/17$($07?(%L6%#017$(/%(L1/bL$(P/#?(4$8042(#"(/#%(:?5%/G 4.4.4, 3(2,9+8$,"1(22"I,81#+!&(8%!2,6("75!+)#",!%6,
70;( 012( 7?$>/70;( 7?0407#$4/%#/7%C( 0%( P$;;( 0%( :"#$1#/0;( "5(1O+#7P",
?0<042%C(/#(?0%(6$$1(1$7$%%045(#"(2$3$;":(0(>$#?"2";G R%.-*5405,6#)67#,*5&56
"85(#"(0%%$%%(#?$(4$;0#/3$(?0<042(:"#$1#/0;("9($07?(%L6G
B/;%(04$(7044/$2(0#(%$0(/1(6L;K(012(04$(L%$2(65(3$%%$;%(
%#017$( #"( #?$( $=#$1#( :"%%/6;$( 94">( K1"P1( #"=/7";"8/70;(
0%(9L$;%(012(;L64/701#%'(N?$%$(04$(#?$(:4/17/:0;(%"L47$%(
012("#?$4(%#L2/$%'
"9("/;(#"(#?$(":$1("7$01'

,( :4"d$7#( #"( 0%%$%%( #?$( $13/4"1>$1#0;( ?0<042%( "9( %L6G

B/;( %:/;;%( 94">( %?/:%( /1( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( 04$( 8$1$40;;5(
%#017$%(7044/$2(65(%?/:%(P0%(L12$4#0K$1(65()*+,-.(0%(
0##4/6L#$2( #"( %#4L7#L40;( "4( >$7?01/70;( 90/;L4$C( "9#$1( /1(
:4$:040#"45(P"4K(9"4(#?$(2$3$;":>$1#("9(#?$(A1#$410#/"10;(
%#"4>%( #?0#( 70L%$( #?$( %?/:( #"( 64$0K( L:( 012( %/1KC( "4( #"(
F"13$1#/"1( 9"4( #?$( .4$3$1#/"1( "9( .";;L#/"1( 65( +?/:%C(
;$0K08$%( 94">( 7048"( "4( 9L$;( 7">:04#>$1#%'( B/;( %:/;;%(
&XYO( @-,^.B_( YOUYZJ'( ,( %/>/;04( %#L25( P0%( :L6;/%?$2(
701( 0;%"( "77L4( 2L$( #"( 7";;/%/"1%( 012( 0;;L%/"1%( @?/##/18(
0( 2$702$( ;0#$4( P/#?( >/1"4( 4$3/%/"1%( 012( %">$( 022/G
0( %#0#/"1045( "6d$7#JQ( #?$%$( 077/2$1#%( 04$( ;$%%( ;/K$;5( #"(
#/"10;(20#0'(N"205C(#?$()*+,-.(I"4K/18()4"L:("1(#?$(
"77L4( /1( ":$1G"7$01( P0#$4%( #?01( 1$04( %?"4$C( $=7$:#(
*30;L0#/"1( "9( `0<042"L%( +L6%#017$%( @*`+J( 011L0;;5(
/1( ?$03/;5( #403$;;$2( %?/::/18( ;01$%( P/#?( ;/>/#$2( 3/%/6/;/#5'(
L:20#$%( /#%( ?0<042( 7;0%%/9/70#/"1%( 60%$2( "1( 0( 4$3/%$2(
A1#$1#/"10;( %:/;;%( 0;%"( "77L4C( %L7?( 0%( P?$1( :$#4";$L>(
>$#?"2";"85( @)*+,-.( ^$:"4#%( x( +#L2/$%( !"'( \RC(
7048"(/%(d$##/%"1$2(9"4(%09$#5(4$0%"1%(/1(01($>$48$175C(
M[[MJ(#?0#($=0>/1$%(#?$(9";;"P/18(:040>$#$4%T
"4(0%(0(4$%L;#("9(0(#$44"4/%#("4(>/;/#045(07#(@$'8'(#?$(&XX&(
!" ?,$*--/;/)*&,$+>
)L;9(I04(%:/;;08$J'
!" "@*;*<5" &$" ),=,+<" %5:$/%-5:" A3,%5-&" *+3" ,+3,%5-&" &$B,-"
$99$7#%JQ

?A$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
F$4#0/1( 3$%%$;%( >05( 2/%7?048$( "/;( 7"1#0/1$2( /1( 60;;0%#( N?$( A1#$410#/"10;( -04/#/>$( B4801/<0#/"1C( #?4"L8?( /#%(
P0#$4( 012( #01K( P0%?/18%( 0%( :04#( "9( #?$/4( 1"4>0;( ":$40G -,^.B_( YOUYZ( F"13$1#/"1( ?0%( $%#06;/%?$2( M&( +:$7/0;(
#/"1%'(N?$%$(2/%7?048$%(04$(8$1$40;;5(4$%#4/7#$2(#"(P0#$4%( ,4$0%(4$bL/4/18(022$2(:4"#$7#/"1(080/1%#(%?/:G60%$2(:";;LG
0#(;$0%#(Z[(K/;">$#$4%(94">(%?"4$'(N?$(0;#$410#/3$(i(2$:"G #/"1(012(?0%(0;%"(02":#$2()L/2$;/1$%(9"4(#?$(A2$1#/9/70#/"1(
%/#/"1("9(#?$%$(P0%#$%(0#(:"4#(4$7$:#/"1(907/;/#/$%(i(/%(;/>G 012( H$%/810#/"1( "9( .04#/7L;04;5( +$1%/#/3$( +$0( ,4$0%(
/#$2(65(#?$(1L>6$4(012(2/%#4/6L#/"1("9(#?$%$(907/;/#/$%' @.++,%J("9(P?/7?(&M(04$(7L44$1#;5(/1(9"47$'(N?$%$(>$0G
%L4$%(04$(2$%/81$2(#"(:4"#$7#(2$%/810#$2(%$0(04$0%($/#?$4(
,(%?/:(#?0#(%/1K%(>05(7"1#0/1(;048$(3";L>$%("9("/;(/1(#?$( /1( #$44/#"4/0;( P0#$4%C( **f%( 012U"4( #?$( ?/8?( %$0%( #?0#C( "1(
9"4>("9(7048"(@9"4("/;(#01K$4%J(012(9L$;%C(6L1K$4%(012("/;( 077"L1#("9(#?$/4("7$01"840:?/7(012($7";"8/70;(7"12/#/"1%C(
/1(>07?/1$45(%:07$C(L1;$%%(#?$(3$%%$;(?0%(4$;$0%$2(0;;( 0%(P$;;(0%(#?$/4(%?/::/18(#4099/7C(P04401#(%:$7/0;(:4"#$7#/"1(
/#%("/;(2L4/18(64$0KGL:'(+L1K$1(3$%%$;%(701(#?$1(6$7">$( 94">(#?$($13/4"1>$1#0;(/>:07#%("9(%?/::/18('
:"#$1#/0;( %$$:%C( 2/%7?048/18( "/;( 0#( 3045/18( 40#$%( "3$4(
;"18(:$4/"2%("9(#/>$'(B770%/"10;;5C(0(%L1K$1(3$%%$;(>05( N?$( />:07#%( "9( 2/%7?048$%( 94">( .'6F%6# =%..%(.( /1( #?$(
%L22$1;5( 4$;$0%$( 0( ;048$( 3";L>$( "9( "/;( /9( /#%( /1#$84/#5( /%( ":$1("7$01(04$(8$1$40;;5(;$%%(%$3$4$(#?01(#?"%$(7;"%$4(
7">:4">/%$2(2L$(#"(4L%#/18("4("#?$4(:?5%/70;(7?018$' #"( %?"4$'( !$3$4#?$;$%%C( 0( &XYY( %#L25( @F0>:6$;;( $#( 0;'(
&XYYJ(%?"P$2(#?0#("/;(#01K$4%(%L1K(/1(I"4;2(I04(AAC("3$4(
Q94)-0.#)67#.5&65/5-)6-% O[( 5$04%( $04;/$4C( P$4$( %#/;;( :$4/"2/70;;5( ;$0K/18( "/;( 012(
#?$4$9"4$( 07#/18( 0%( j%$$:%l'( -015( "9( #?$( #01K$4%( P$4$(
N?$( />:07#%( "9( ,5(# .45((.( 2$:$12( "1( "/;( #5:$C( %:/;;( ;"70#/"1(
%#/;;(4$;0#/3$;5(/1#07#C(#?"L8?(#?$/4(%#4L7#L40;(/1#$84/#5(P0%(
012($13/4"1>$1#0;(7"12/#/"1%(@0%(4$3/$P$2(/1(!^FC(M[[OJ'
L17$4#0/1'( B#?$4( >/;/#045( 3$%%$;%( %L1K( "99( !"4P05( 012(
#?$( E+( .07/9/7( 7"0%#( ?03$( 6$$1( />:;/70#$2( /1( j>5%#$45(
`$03/$4( 9L$;( "/;%( #$12( #"( 6$( >"4$( :$4%/%#$1#( 6L#( ;$%%( %:/;;%lC("/;(2/%7?048$%(#?0#(/>:07#$2(%?"4$;/1$%(012("#?$4(
#"=/7C(P?$4$0%(;/8?#$4("/;%(@$'8'C(2/$%$;(9L$;%J(#$12(#"(6$( 4$%"L47$%'(N?$(84$0#$%#(:"#$1#/0;(9"4(%:/;;08$(/%(P/#?(#?$(
;$%%( :$4%/%#$1#( 6L#( >"4$( #"=/7'( N"=/7( $99$7#%( >05( "77L4( ";2$4( 3$%%$;%( #?0#( P$4$( "9#$1( 6L/;#( 077"42/18( #"( ;"P$4(
0>"18%#(9/%?(012("#?$4(>04/1$(6/"#0C(0%(P$;;(0%(>04/1$( %#012042%(#?01(>"2$41(3$%%$;%'(-L7?("9(#?$("/;(/13";3$2(
>0>>0;%(012(6/42%(#?0#(/18$%#(#?$("/;'(`$03/$4(:$4%/%#$1#( /%("9(#?$(?$03/$4(304/$#5(012(#$12%(#"(9"4>(#04(60;;%(40#?$4(
"/;%( 701( 7"0#( 6/42( 9$0#?$4%( 012( >0>>0;( 9L4'( .$4%/%#$1#( #?01(;048$4(%;/7K%C(L1;$%%(4$;$0%$2(/1(0(;048$(>0%%'(
"/;%( 04$( >"4$( 2/99/7L;#( #"( 4$>"3$( 94">( %?"4$%'( B/;( #5:$(
0;%"(2$#$4>/1$%(#?$(40#$(012(2$84$$(#"(P?/7?("/;(2/%:$4%G
R,-'9%60)05,6
$%(@64$0K%(2"P1(7?$>/70;;5(012(:?5%/70;;5(/1#"(%>0;;$4(
24":;$#%( 012( 7">:"1$1#%J( 012( $30:"40#$%'( _/8?#$4( "/;%( -"%#(,5(#.45(((%#L2/$%(012(0%%$%%>$1#%("9(/>:07#%(?03$(
P/#?( 0( ;048$( 04">0#/7( 7">:"1$1#( #$12( #"( 2/%:$4%$( /1#"( $=0>/1$2(%:/;;%(/1(1$04G%?"4$(04$0%(#?0#(04$("L#%/2$(#?$(
#?$( P0#$4( 7";L>1( >"4$( 4$02/;5( 012( 0;%"( #"( $30:"40#$( 4$>/#("9(#?/%(4$:"4#'(N?$4$(?03$C(?"P$3$4C(6$$1(0(1L>6$4(
>"4$(bL/7K;5(012(7">:;$#$;5' "9(0%%$%%>$1#%("9("/;(/1:L#%(#?0#(/17;L2$(/19"4>0#/"1("1(
#?$(":$1("7$01'(
I?$4$0%(;048$(0>"L1#%("9("/;(%/1K/18("1#"(2$$:("7$01(
>04/1$( $7"%5%#$>%( 701( 6$( $7";"8/70;;5( 20>08/18C( "/;( D4">(#?$($04;5(&XZ[%(#?4"L8?(M[[[C(#?$(:L6;/70#/"1(N5(#
%:/;;%(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01(8$1$40;;5(?03$(;$%%($13/4"1>$1G :45((# Q60%((5&%6-%# $%4,*0# \N:Q$]# >0/1#0/1$2( 01( "/;( %:/;;(
#0;( />:07#( #?01( 1$04G%?"4$( %:/;;%'( N?/%( /%( 2$:$12$1#( "1( 20#060%$(@"9#$1(4$9$44$2(#"(0%(#?$(jA1#$410#/"10;(B/;(+:/;;(
7L44$1#%(012(P/12%(K$$:/18(#?$("/;("99%?"4$(;"18($1"L8?( H0#060%$lJ(012(4$;$0%$2(011L0;(%#0#/%#/70;(%L>>04/$%("9(
9"4( #?$( %;/7K( #"( ;048$;5( 2/%:$4%$( "4( $30:"40#$'( B17$( #?$( %:/;;%(/1($=7$%%("9(&[C[[[(80;;"1%(@MXR(#"11$%J("1(;012(
"/;(?0%(2/%:$4%$2(012(#"(0(;048$($=#$1#($30:"40#$2(/#(/%( "4(P0#$4(P"4;2P/2$'(N?$%$(20#0(P$4$(7";;$7#$2(65(011LG
L1;/K$;5(#"(%/81/9/701#;5(/>:07#(%?"4$;/1$%("#?$4(#?01(P/#?( 0;;5(7"1#07#/18(?L124$2%("9(:"4#(0L#?"4/#/$%C(7"0%#(8L042(
#04(60;;%C(P?/7?C(P?/;$(L1%/8?#;5(012(/17"13$1/$1#("1(4$7G 012($13/4"1>$1#0;(08$17/$%C(/12L%#45(%"L47$%C(012("#?$4(
4$0#/"10;( 6$07?$%C( #$12( #"( ?03$( ;$%%( />:07#( "1( 7"0%#0;( $1#/#/$%(/1#$410#/"10;;5(#?0#(?02(01(/1#$4$%#("4("6;/80#/"1(
6/"#0(#?01(94$%?("/;'( #"(4$7"42("/;(%:/;;(/17/2$1#%(9"4(#?$(:L4:"%$%("9(>"1/#"4/18(
%:/;;( $>$48$175( 4$%:"1%$( ":$40#/"1%( 012U"4( #"( 4$7"42(
N4%*)05,6)(#75.-1)*&%.(94">(%?/:%(9"4>(0(%/81/9/701#(:04#( /17/2$1#%(#?0#(>/8?#(?03$(01(/>:07#(#"(#?$($13/4"1>$1#(
"9(#?$(#"#0;(/1:L#%("9("/;(#"(#?$(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#(@!^FC( "4($7"1">/7(4$%"L47$%'(A1(022/#/"1C(%#0#/%#/70;(%L>>04/$%(
M[[OQ()*+,-.C(M[[YJ'(N?$(/>:07#%("9(#?$%$(2/%7?048$%( P$4$( :4$%$1#$2( 0#( #?$( 6/011L0;( A1#$410#/"10;( B/;( +:/;;(
04$(8$1$40;;5(%/>/;04(#"(#?0#("9(015(74L2$("/;("4(:$#4";$L>( F"19$4$17$( 9"4( %$3$40;( 5$04%'( I?/;$( #?$( 20#0( 7";;$7#$2(
:4"2L7#%( 4$;$0%$2( /1#"( #?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#'( A1( #?$( "1( %:$7/9/7( /17/2$1#%( P$4$( 2$$>$2( #"( 6$( 8$1$40;;5( 4$;/G
":$1("7$01(/>:07#%(04$(;/K$;5(#"(6$(#$>:"4045(%/17$(#?$( 06;$C( #?$4$( P$4$( ;048$( 80:%( /1( 7"3$408$'( +>0;;( %:/;;%C(
"/;( #$12%( #"( $30:"40#$( 012( 2/%:$4%$C( 012( #?L%( 6$7">$( P?/7?(>0K$(L:(06"L#(Z[(:$47$1#("9(#?$(/17/2$1#%C(P$4$(
>"4$(2/;L#$C("3$4(0(:$4/"2("9(P$$K%(9";;"P/18(2/%7?048$'( $=7;L2$2'(H0#0(P$4$("6#0/1$2(94">(0(;048$(/1#$410#/"10;(
I?$4$(#?$(2/%7?048$%(04$(/1(077"42017$(P/#?(A-B(4$8LG 1$#P"4K("9(%"L47$%(0#(0(#/>$(P?$1(#?$4$(P0%(3$45(;/##;$(
;0#/"1%( @-,^.B_( YOUYZJC( 012( #?L%( /1( 0( 4$;0#/3$;5( 2/;L#$( $;$7#4"1/7( 20#0( %#"408$( 012( >015( 10#/"10;( 0L#?"4/#/$%(
9"4>(@/1(:04#%(:$4(>/;;/"1(4018$JC(#?$5(?03$(;$%%(/>:07#( P$4$($/#?$4(1"#(7";;$7#/18(20#0("1("/;(%:/;;%("4(P$4$(4$;L7G
#?01("/;(94">(01(077/2$1#0;(%:/;;'( #01#(#"(%?04$(#?0#(20#0(P/#?(015"1$("L#%/2$("9(#?$/4($1#/#5'(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(?C
!$3$4#?$;$%%C( #?$( 20#0( 803$( 0( 8""2( %$1%$( "9( 8$1$40;( "9( #?$( ?524"7046"1%( P$4$( 7"1%/2$4$2( 1"#( #"( 6$( #01K$4%'(
#4$12%(/1(%:/;;(1L>6$4%(012(3";L>$%' A1(W$4>L20C(#04(60;;%(P$4$(7"44$;0#$2(P/#?(K1"P1(/1:L#%(
"9( "/;( 94">( 3$%%$;( "/;( %:/;;%( /1( #?$( !"4#?( ,#;01#/7( 012C( /1(
+L6%$bL$1#;5C( *13/4"1>$1#0;( ^$%$047?( F"1%L;#/18( ]0>0/70C(P/#?("/;(/1:L#%(94">(4$7$1#(#01K$4(%:/;;%'
@PPP'$13/4"1>$1#0;G4$%$047?'7">J( /12$:$12$1#;5(
2$3$;":$2( 0( %$4/$%( "9( "/;( 012( 7?$>/70;( %:/;;( 20#060%$%( -/7?$;($#(0;'(@M[[SJ(%L43$5$2(A*%-F.(/1(#?$(+"L#?(.07/9/7(
012(6$801(7"12L7#/18(304/"L%(4$8/"10;(012(/1#$410#/"10;( 4$8/"1C( P?/7?( P0%( :04#/7L;04;5( />:07#$2( 65( I"4;2( I04( AA(
0%%$%%>$1#%( "9( "/;( %:/;;08$'( H0#0( "1( %>0;;$4( %:/;;%( 04$( >/;/#045(3$%%$;(%/1K/18%C(0%(P$;;(0%(P4$7K%(#?4"L8?"L#(#?$(
/17;L2$2(P?$4$(030/;06;$' P"4;2'( ,1( /13$1#"45( "9( :"#$1#/0;;5( :";;L#/18( %?/:P4$7K%C(
7">:4/%/18( #01K$4%( "9( 0#( ;$0%#( &S[( 84"%%( 4$8/%#$4$2( #"1G
NP"( %/81/9/701#( 8;"60;( 0%%$%%>$1#%( "9( "/;( /1:L#%( #"( #?$( 108$(@)^NJ(012("#?$4(3$%%$;%("9(0#(;$0%#(R[[()^N(3045/18(
>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#(P$4$(7"12L7#$2(/1(#?$(;0%#(2$702$( "/;( 0%( 9L$;U6L1K$4%( @012( 9"4( ":$40#/"1%J( ?0%( 6$$1( 7">G
#?0#(/17;L2$2($%#/>0#$%("9(/1:L#%(94">(%?/::/18(077/2$1#%( :;$#$2C(/17;L2/18(01(010;5%/%("9(#?$(;/K$;5(2/%#4/6L#/"1(012(
@!0#/"10;( ^$%$047?( F"L17/;C( M[[OQ( )*+,-.C( M[[YJ'( 0>"L1#%("9("/;(7"1#0/1$2(/1(#?$%$(3$%%$;%(012(0%%"7/0#$2(
N?$5(L%$2(#?$(%0>$(20#0(%"L47$%(012(70>$(#"(%/>/;04( $13/4"1>$1#0;C(4$8L;0#"45C(:";/#/70;C(#$7?1/70;(012(9/1017/0;(
7"17;L%/"1%'( N?$( %#L2/$%( 2"( 1"#( 2/99$4$1#/0#$( 6$#P$$1( /%%L$%'(N?$(%#L25(/17"4:"40#$%(0;;(#?$(+.^*.(20#0'(
":$1G"7$01(012(7"0%#0;(%:/;;%C(0;#?"L8?(#?$("4/8/10;(20#0(
%$#( 8/3$%( #?$( ;"70#/"1( "9( $07?( %:/;;( %"( %L7?( 01( 0%%$%%G N?$( 010;5%/%( 4$3$0;$2( #?0#( #?$4$( P$4$( 0#( ;$0%#( ZCS\X(
>$1#(7"L;2(6$(>02$(/1(9L#L4$' 4$7"42$2(3$%%$;(%/1K/18%(P"4;2P/2$(@D/8L4$(OJ("9(P?/7?(
&CSZO(P$4$(#01K$4%(012(\CXZ\(P$4$(1"1G#01K(3$%%$;%'(,1(
)*+,-.(@M[[YJ($%#/>0#$2(%?/:G60%$2("/;(/1:L#%(#"(#?$( $%#/>0#$2(M'S(#"(M['R(-#("9("/;(/%(#?"L8?#(#"(6$(:4$%$1#(
>04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#( "1( 0( 4$8/"10;( 012( 8;"60;( 60%/%( 9"4( /1(#?$%$(P4$7K%'(
#?$(5$04%(&XZZ(i(&XXY'(N?$($%#/>0#$2(P"4;2P/2$(011L0;(
/1:L#%(94">(%:/;;%(94">(#01K$4%(P$4$(&SZ(K#(54G&C(012(94">( -/7?$;( $#( 0;'( @M[[SJ( 010;5<$2( 20#0( "1( 0( 4$8/"10;( 60%/%C(
1"1G#01K( 3$%%$;%( SC[[[( #( 54G&'( ^$8/"10;( $%#/>0#$%( P$4$( #?"L8?(#?$(4$8/"10;(2$%/810#/"1%(2/99$4(%">$P?0#(94">(#?$(
/17;L2$2'(N?$( 0>"L1#( "9( "/;( %:/;;$2( :$4( L1/#( #401%:"4#$2( 2$%/810#/"1%( 2$3$;":$2( 9"4( #?$( ,%%$%%>$1#( "9(,%%$%%G
P0%(%?"P1(#"(6$(4$2L7$2(65(1$04;5(S[(:$47$1#(94">(#?$( >$1#%'(N?$(4$%L;#%(04$(%L>>04/<$2(/1(N06;$(\(6$;"P'
:4$3/"L%(2$702$'
2V[OQ$87$/LJQMJ1VO$#1O$/LOOWJ1LM$ZKLS$*WM]QM$
,1"#?$4( %#L25( 7"12L7#$2( 65( #?$( !0#/"10;( ^$%$047?( 2VM]IU1XI$VMT$(LM,2VM]$4QIIQOI$
F"L17/;(/1(M[[O(L%/18(#?$(%0>$(20#0(%"L47$%(012(>$#?G
"2";"8/$%( 0%( )*+,-.( 6L#( 7"3$4/18( #?$( 5$04%( &XX[(i( Region1 Estimated Oil Content of Shipwrecks
&XXX( $%#/>0#$2( #"#0;( 011L0;( /1:L#%( 2L$( #"( %:/;;%( 94">( Minimum Maximum
#01K$4%(#"(6$(&[[(K#(012(94">(1"1G#01K(3$%%$;%(#"(6$(Y'&(
K#(011L0;;5'(N?$(2/99$4$17$%(/1(#?$%$(30;L$%(7">:04$2(#"( North Atlantic Ocean 951,000 tonnes 7.5 million tonnes
#?$()*+,-.(%#L25(:"/1#%(#"(01(/>:"4#01#(907#"4(/1(#?$( South Atlantic Ocean 165,000 tonnes 0.5 million tonnes
010;5%/%("9(%:/;;(20#0'(*07?(5$04(#?$(#"#0;(3";L>$(%:/;;$2(
/%(L%L0;;5(2">/10#$2(65("1$("4(#P"(3$45(;048$(%:/;;%'(A1( North Pacific Ocean 221,000 tonnes 1.7 million tonnes
015(8/3$1(#/>$(:$4/"2C(%$3$40;(3$45(;048$(%:/;;%(701(7">G South Pacific Ocean 521,000 tonnes 4.2 million tonnes
:;$#$;5(7?018$(#?$(03$408$(30;L$(%/81/9/701#;5'(_/K$P/%$C(
/9(#?$4$(04$(1"(;048$(/17/2$1#%(@:$4?0:%(6$70L%$(#?$(%:/;;G Indian Ocean 264,000 tonnes 2.2 million tonnes
08$(94">(0(3$%%$;(P0%(%L77$%%9L;;5(%#$>>$2(6$9"4$(#?$(
1 Regional boundaries, as applied in the Michel et al. (2005) study, were used
%:/;;(6$70>$(;048$4JC(#?$(30;L$%(P/;;(6$(;"P$4'(
to estimate the approximate values for the ocean regions established for the
Assessment of Assessments.
A1(M[[O(#?$(!0#/"10;(^$%$047?(F"L17/;(@!^FJ($%#/>0#$2(
(Based on Michel et al. 2005)
,4%*)05,6)(# 75.-1)*&%.( 94">( 3$%%$;%( 84$0#$4( #?01( &[[(
84"%%(#"1108$(@)NJ(/1(304/"L%(70#$8"4/$%C(3"508$(;$18#?%(
87%I')-E#,/#(50%*)0'*%#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%#,/#
012( 94$bL$17/$%'( A#( P0%( $%#/>0#$2( #?0#( 06"L#( MY[( K#(
56/,*9)05,6#&)4.
"9( "/;( /%( 2/%7?048$2( 011L0;;5( /1( #?/%( >011$4'( )*+,-.(
@M[[YJ(L%$2(0(%/>/;04(0::4"07?C(0;6$/#(P/#?(%">$(2/99$4$1#( I?/;$( $=/%#/18( "/;( %:/;;( /13$1#"4/$%( 04$( 65( 1"( >$01%(
0%%L>:#/"1%(012(20#0(/1:L#%C(012(2$3$;":$2(01($%#/>0#$( 7">:4$?$1%/3$C( #?$5( 2"( :4"3/2$( 0( 4$0%"106;5( 8""2(
"9(M&R(K#(54G&C(%/>/;04(#"(#?$(!^F(%#L25'(D$P(%#L2/$%(?03$( /12/70#/"1( "9( #?$( 40#$%( "9( "/;( %:/;;08$( 94">( 3$%%$;%'( N?$(
>$0%L4$2(/1:L#%(65(#0K/18("4($%#/>0#/18(>$0%L4$>$1#%("9( A-B(":$40#$%(0(4$:"4#/18(%5%#$>(9"4(%$4/"L%(70%L0;#/$%(
?524"7046"1%(/1(%$0P0#$4'(B1$(%#L25(9"L12(#?0#(1"1G3";0G #?0#(:4"3/2$%(0(9"L120#/"1(9"4(0(P"4;2(P/2$(%:/;;(010;5%/%'(
#/;$(?524"7046"1%(/1(#?$(,#;01#/7(B7$01(7"1#0/1$2(04">0#G +:/;;08$(/%(K1"P1(#"(6$(>"4$(077L40#$;5(#407K$2(#?01(9"4(
/7%(0#(;"P$4(7"17$1#40#/"1%(#?01(P"L;2(6$($=:$7#$2(/9(#?$( "#?$4("/;(;"%%$%(2L$(#"(#?$(K$$1(/1#$4$%#(/1("/;(%?/:>$1#%(
%"L47$( "9( #?$( ?524"7046"1%( P$4$( 74L2$( "/;( "4( :$#4";$L>( 012(#?$/4(:"#$1#/0;(/>:07#%(012(7"%#%'(A17/2$1#(4$:"4#/18(
4$9/1$45( :4"2L7#%'( *3$1( 0;"18( #01K$4( 4"L#$%( #?$( %"L47$%( /%(L12$4%#01206;5(?/8?$4(9"4(#$44/#"4/0;(%$0%'

?8$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
 '()*+#,4.,844*,@59)0%#(,-)05,6#,/#4,0%605)((E#4,(('056&#.154A*%-F.#

(From Michel et al. 2005)

A#(/%(:4"606;5(1"#(1$7$%%045(#"(7"12L7#(>"4$(%#L2/$%("1( 60%$(/%(02$bL0#$(9"4(:L4:"%$%("9($13/4"1>$1#0;(0%%$%%G
#?$( />:07#%( "9( 3$%%$;( %:/;;%( #"( #?$( ":$1( "7$01'( B1( #?$( >$1#'(A1(#?$("3$40;;(7"1#$=#("9($13/4"1>$1#0;(%#4$%%$%("1(
"#?$4( ?012C( 0( 7"G"42/10#$2( 8;"60;( :4"840>>$( "9( 20#0( #?$( ":$1( "7$01C( "770%/"10;( 077/2$1#0;( "/;( %:/;;%( 04$( 1"#(
7";;$7#/"1( L%/18( 0( %/>:;$( %#012042/<$2( :4"#"7";( P"L;2( 0>"18%#( #?$( ?/8?$%#( :4/"4/#/$%'( )4$0#$4( 030/;06/;/#5( "9( "/;(
?$;:( /1( 010;5%/18( %:/;;%C( #?$/4( 70L%$%( 012( "#?$4( 907#"4%( 4$7$:#/"1(907/;/#/$%(%?"L;2(/1(#?$(9L#L4$(4$2L7$(#?$($=#$1#(
012(#?L%(#"(/19"4>(9L#L4$(4$8L;0#/"1(012($19"47$>$1#' "9( ":$40#/"10;( 2/%7?048$%( "9( "/;( 94">( 3$%%$;%'( +">$( "9(
#?/%(4$2L7#/"1(>05(6$(7"L1#$407#$2(65(/174$0%$%(/1(%?/:G
N?$( #P"( 7">:4$?$1%/3$( %#L2/$%( "9( ,4%*)05,6)(# ,5(# 75.? :/18'(^$>"3/18("/;(94">(%L1K$1(3$%%$;%(/%(7">:;$=C(201G
-1)*&%.( $106;$( 4$0%"106;5( #?"4"L8?( 0%%$%%>$1#%( 8$4"L%(012($=:$1%/3$(012C(/1(#?$(2$$:("7$01C(L1;/K$;5(#"(
@!0#/"10;( ^$%$047?( F"L17/;C( M[[OQ( )*+,-.( M[[YJ( "9( 6$(:407#/70;'(B770%/"10;(4$;$0%$%(P"L;2(6$%#(6$(4$8042$2(
#?$%$(%"L47$%("9("/;'(I?/;$(#?$4$(>05(6$(%">$(7?018$%( 0%(10#L40;(%$$:%(4$bL/4/18(7"1#/18$175(4$%:"1%$%'
/1( /1:L#( bL01#/#/$%( P/#?( 7?018$%( /1( %?/::/18( 9;$$#%( 012(
>"3$>$1#%C( 0%( P$;;( 0%( #?$( $%#06;/%?>$1#( "9( >"4$( "/;5( 4.4.<, QH5!*"&,Q$(""(8%"R,N82;7;72(7,S+8$!&(7,
P0%#$(4$7$:#/"1(907/;/#/$%C(/#(2"$%(1"#(%$$>(1$7$%%045(#"( ?;6+87!+F8%",DNS?"E
7"12L7#(022/#/"10;(0%%$%%>$1#%("9(#?$%$(/1:L#%(9"4(%">$(
R%.-*5405,6#)67#,*5&56
#/>$(#"(7">$'(N?$(%"L47$%(012(>"2$%("9(/1:L#(04$(7;$04(
012(#?$(6$%#(P05%(#"(4$2L7$(#?$>(;/$(/1(#?$($19"47$>$1#( .";5757;/7( 04">0#/7( ?524"7046"1%( @.,`%J( 04$( 7">:"G
"9($=/%#/18(10#/"10;(012(/1#$410#/"10;(4$8L;0#/"1%(012(7"1G 1$1#%( "9( "/;( 7"1%/%#/18( "9( #P"( "4( >"4$( 9L%$2( 4/18%( "9(
3$1#/"1%C(%L7?(0%(#?$(-,^.B_(YOUYZ(F"13$1#/"1(L12$4( 6$1<$1$(@$'8'C(10:?#?0;$1$%C(:?$101#?4$1$C(012(6$1<"G
#?$(0L%:/7$%("9(A-B' 0G:54$1$J'(N?$5(04$(8$1$40;;5(2$4/3$2(94">(74L2$("/;(012(
:$#4";$L>(:4"2L7#%("4(#?$(7">6L%#/"1("9(#?$%$(:4"2L7#%'(
F4L2$( "/;( 8$1$40;;5( 7"1#0/1%( 06"L#( ['M( #"( Y( :$47$1#(
-/7?$;( $#( 0;'( @M[[SJ( :4"3/2$( #?$( >"%#( 7">:4$?$1%/3$(
.,`%C(>0/1;5(7"1%/%#/18("9(;"P$4(>";$7L;04(P$/8?#(7">G
4$3/$P( "9( "/;( 94">( .154A*%-F.( :"%%/6;$( L%/18( #?$( 20#0(
:"L12%'( ^$%/2L0;( "/;( L%$2( /1( 9L$;%( 65( >"%#( %?/:%( @ADB(
030/;06;$( 0#( #?0#( #/>$'( DL4#?$4( %#L2/$%( "9( P4$7K%( /1( #?$(
OZ[(7"1%#/#L#$%(06"L#(ZSc("9(#?$(L%$2(9L$;(G(W_)(&MU\U&J(
":$1("7$01(2"(1"#(P04401#(?/8?(:4/"4/#5(0#(:4$%$1#'
"9#$1(7"1#0/1%(>L7?(?/8?$4(0>"L1#%C(/1(#?$("42$4("9(YGM[(
:$47$1#(.,`%'(-04/1$(80%("/;%(@2/%#/;;0#$J(?0%(0(7"1%/2$4G
J,6-('.5,6. 06;5(;"P$4(.,`(7"1#$1#("9(06"L#(['[M(:$47$1#'
,>"L1#%("9("/;(4$;$0%$2(#"(#?$(":$1("7$01(94">(3$%%$;%(
2L$( #"( %:/;;%C( 077/2$1#%( 012( ":$40#/"10;( 2/%7?048$%C( 0%( B#?$4( %"L47$%( "9( .,`%( /17;L2$( 7">6L%#/"1( "9( "4801/7(
P$;;( 0%( 94">( P4$7K%C( 04$( 4$0%"106;5( P$;;( 2"7L>$1#$2( >0#$4/0;%C(/17;L2/18(P""2'(A1:L#%("9(.,`%(94">(%?/::/18(
@"4("#?$4P/%$($%#/>0#$2J(012C(/1(8$1$40;C(#?$(/19"4>0#/"1( #"(#?$(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#(701("77L4(2/4$7#;5(#?4"L8?(#?$(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(?\
%:/;;08$( "9( "/;( "4( 94">( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 2$:"%/#/"1( "9( :$#4"G #"(2$#$4>/1$(9$0%/6;$(%/#$%(9"4("/;($=#407#/"1'(-"%#(10#L40;(
;$L>( 7">6L%#/"1( :4"2L7#%'( N?/%( 2$:"%/#/"1( 8$1$40;;5( %$$:%(04$(7;L%#$4$2(0#(7"1#/1$1#0;(>048/1%'(D07#"4%(#?0#(
"77L4%(/1(#?$(9"4>("9(:04#/7L;0#$(>0##$4' 2$#$4>/1$(%$$:08$(40#$(/1(0(:04#/7L;04(04$0(04$(4$;0#$2(
#"( 8$";"8/70;( %#4L7#L4$( 012( #?$( %#08$( "9( %$2/>$1#045(
Q94)-0.#)67#.5&65/5-)6-% 60%/1($3";L#/"1'

.,`%( 04$( 01( />:"4#01#( 84"L:( "9( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#0;(

7"1#0>/101#%'(N?$5(04$("9(7"17$41(6$70L%$("9(#?$/4(?/8?( Q94)-0.#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%
7047/1"8$1/7( 012( >L#08$1/7( 07#/3/#/$%'( +#L2/$%( /12/70#$( !0#L40;(%$$:%("9(74L2$("/;(701(70L%$(#?$(%0>$(/>:07#%(
#?0#C($3$1(/1(;"P(7"17$1#40#/"1%C(.,`%(>05(6$(#"=/7(#"( 0%(%:/;;%("9(74L2$("/;C(0;#?"L8?(L%L0;;5(#?$(%$$:08$(40#$(
>04/1$(6/"#0' /%(%;"P($1"L8?(#?0#(#?$("/;(2/%:$4%$%(012("9#$1(9"4>%(#04(
60;;%( 6$9"4$( /#( />:07#%( 015( %?"4$;/1$'( ,%( P/#?( "#?$4( "/;(
R,-'9%60)05,6 /1:L#%C( 015( %$$:08$( #?0#( "77L4%( /1( ":$1( "7$01( P0#$4%(
/%( ;/K$;5( #"( ?03$( >/1/>0;( $13/4"1>$1#0;( />:07#'( A1( 907#C(
-"%#(%#L2/$%("1($>/%%/"1%(94">(%?/:%(#?0#(4$9$4(#"(.,`%(
/1( >015( ;"70#/"1%( /1( P?/7?( #?$4$( 04$( 10#L40;( %$$:%C(
%#4$%%( #?$/4( :"#$1#/0;( />:07#%( "1( 0/4( bL0;/#5( 012( ?L>01(
7">>L1/#/$%( "9( "4801/%>%( ?03$( $3";3$2( #?0#( #?4/3$( "1(
?$0;#?( 012( 2"( 1"#( $%#/>0#$( /1:L#%( #"( >04/1$( P0#$4%'(
>$#06";/</18( #?$( ?524"7046"1( 7">:"1$1#%( "9( 74L2$( "/;(
N?$4$( 04$( 1"( $%#/>0#$%( "9( .,`( /1:L#%( #"( #?$( ":$1(
012(10#L40;(80%(@$'8'(>$#?01$(?5240#$%JC("9#$1(4$;$0%$2(
"7$01%(4%*#.%('
/1(7"1dL17#/"1(P/#?(#?$("/;'

N?$( !0#/"10;( ^$%$047?( F"L17/;( @M[[OJ( %#L25( N5(# 56# 01%#

R,-'9%60)05,6
:%)# QQQ( $%#/>0#$%( /1:L#%( "9( .,`%( 94">( %?/:%( /1#"( !"4#?(
,>$4/701( P0#$4%C( 0;;( "9( P?/7?( 04$( "L#%/2$( #?$( %7":$( "9( I?/;$(0%%$%%>$1#%("9(10#L40;(%$$:08$(?03$(6$$1(7"1G
#?$(7L44$1#(4$3/$P'(N?$(%#L25(2"$%($%#/>0#$(#"#0;(P"4;2G 2L7#$2(/1(%">$(4$8/"1%C(:04#/7L;04;5(1$04%?"4$(F0;/9"41/0C(
P/2$( :$#4";$L>( ?524"7046"1( /1:L#%( 94">( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 012( /1( #?$( A12/01( B7$01( 012( #?$( )L;9( "9( -$=/7"C( ;"70G
$>/%%/"1%( /1#"( #?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#( 0%( MO( K#( 54G&( #"( #/"1%(#?0#(04$("L#%/2$(#?$(%7":$("9(#?/%(4$3/$PC(#?$(>"%#(
M[[(K#(54G&C(P/#?(0(6$%#($%#/>0#$("9(SM(K#(54G&'(WL#(#?/%($%#/G 7">:4$?$1%/3$( P"4;2P/2$( 0%%$%%>$1#( "9( 10#L40;( %$$:G
>0#$( /17;L2$%( /1:L#%( "9( aBF%( /1( 022/#/"1( #"( .,`%( 012( 08$( /%( #?0#( 7"12L7#$2( 65( I/;%"1( $#( 0;'( @&XYRJ'(N?$( #P"(
/%( 1"#( %:$7/9/7( #"( %?/::/18'( A#( /17;L2$%( 20#0( "1( 4$8/"10;( >"4$(4$7$1#(/1#$410#/"10;(0%%$%%>$1#%("9("/;(/1:L#%(/1#"(
%$0%C(7"0%#0;(<"1$%(012("#?$4(04$0%C(6L#(1"#(%:$7/9/70;;5( #?$( %$0( 4$;/$2( ?$03/;5( "1( #?$( $%#/>0#$%( "9( #?/%( %#L25'(
#?$(":$1("7$01%'( *%#/>0#$%("9(10#L40;("/;(%$$:08$(?03$(/13";3$2(9$P(07#LG
0;( >$0%L4$>$1#%'( N?$( >"%#( P$;;GK1"P1( %#L2/$%( ?03$(
4$;/$2("1($%#/>0#/"1(>$#?"2";"8/$%(60%$2("1(9/$;2(20#0C(
87%I')-E#,/#(50%*)0'*%#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%#,/#
304/"L%("6%$430#/"1%(012(60%/7(0%%L>:#/"1%'(
56/,*9)05,6#&)4.
N?$4$( /%( "1;5( "1$( :L6;/%?$2( $%#/>0#$( "9( .,`( /1:L#%( #"(
I/;%"1( $#( 0;'( @&XYRJ( $%#/>0#$2( #"#0;( P"4;2P/2$( 10#L40;(
#?$(":$1("7$01(94">(%?/::/18(/1(#?$(;/#$40#L4$'(`"P$3$4C(
%$$:08$(#"(6$(\[[C[[[(#"11$%("/;(011L0;;5C(60%$2(;048$;5(
/#( /%( 1"#( %:$7/9/7( #"( ":$1( "7$01%( 012( %?/::/18( @!^FC(
"1("6%$430#/"1%("9(%$$:08$(40#$%("99(F0;/9"41/0(012(P$%#G
M[[OJ'(N?$4$(04$(7;$04;5(%L6%#01#/0;(/19"4>0#/"1(80:%(/1(
$41(F01020'(N!^F(@M[[OJ(:4"3/2$%(0(P"4;2P/2$($%#/>0#$(
4$8042(#"(#?/%(#":/7'(
"9( 10#L40;( %$$:08$( /1#"( #?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#( "9( ['[M(
-#(54G&(#"(M'[(-#(54G&C(P/#?(0(j6$%#($%#/>0#$l("9(\[[(K#(54G&'(
J,6-('.5,6. N?/%(/%(%/>/;04(#"(#?$(30;L$(4$:"4#$2(65()*+,-.(@M[[YJ'
.,`%( 04$( :"#$1#/0;;5( ?0<042"L%( #"( ?L>01( ?$0;#?( 012(
>04/1$( 6/"#0'( N?$4$( /%( "1;5( "1$( $%#/>0#$( "9( P"4;2P/2$( 87%I')-E#,/#(50%*)0'*%#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%#,/#
.,`( /1:L#%( #"( #?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#( 6L#( /#( /%( 1"#( 56/,*9)05,6#&)4.
%:$7/9/7(#"(%?/::/18(012(1"#(;/>/#$2(#"(#?$(":$1("7$01%'(
N?$4$(04$(3$45(9$P(%#L2/$%("1(10#L40;("/;(%$$:08$'(*3$1(
W$##$4(/13$1#"4/$%("9(.,`%($>/##$2(#"(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(/1(
4$7$1#($%#/>0#/"1%("9(40#$%("9(%$$:08$(4$9$4(#"(0(%/18;$(
%?/:($=?0L%#C(012(/>:4"3$2($%#/>0#$%("9(/1:L#%("9(.,`%(
%#L25(7"12L7#$2("3$4(O[(5$04%(08"'(I/#?(#?$(#$7?1";"85(
#"(#?$(":$1("7$01%(#?4"L8?(#?/%(:0#?P05C(P/;;(6$(1$7$%G
030/;06;$( #"205( 0( >"4$( 7">:4$?$1%/3$( $30;L0#/"1( "9(
%045(6$9"4$(0(:4":$4(0%%$%%>$1#("9(#4$12%(012(/>:07#%(
10#L40;(%$$:08$(40#$%C("4(0#(;$0%#(0(3$4/9/70#/"1("9(:4$3/G
"9(#?$%$(%L6%#017$%(701(6$(7"12L7#$2'(
"L%($%#/>0#$%C(/%(#?$"4$#/70;;5(:"%%/6;$'(HL$(#"(#?$(7"1G
%/2$406;$( 4$%"L47$%( #?0#( >/8?#( 6$( 4$bL/4$2( #"( 7"12L7#(
4.4.L, K!&*+!2,3(2,J##1" #?/%( "1( 0( 8;"60;( "4( $3$1( 4$8/"10;( %70;$C( #?$( >"%#( ;/K$;5(
R%.-*5405,6#)67#,*5&56 9L12/18( P"L;2C( ?"P$3$4C( 7">$( 94">( /12L%#45( %"L47$%(
/1#$4$%#$2( /1( $=:;"/#0#/"1( "9( 04$0%( #?0#( 7"1#0/1( :"#$1G
!0#L40;(2/%7?048$%("9(:$#4";$L>(94">(%L6>04/1$(%$$:%(
#/0;;5?/8?( 4$%$43$%( "9( "/;( 40#?$4( #?01( 9"4( #?$( :L4:"%$( "9(
?03$(6$$1(4$7"42$2(#?4"L8?"L#(?/%#"45'(^$7$1#($%#/>0#$%(
0%%$%%/18(/>:07#%(#"(#?$(P"4;2e%("7$01%'(
%L88$%#(#?0#(#?$5(7"1%#/#L#$(0;>"%#(?0;9("9(#?$("/;($1#$4/18(
#?$(%$0(94">(0;;(%"L47$%'(A1(4$7$1#(#/>$%C(#?$(;"70#/"1%("9(
10#L40;(%$$:%(?03$(6$$1(L%$2(9"4($=:;"40#/"1(:L4:"%$%(

?H$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
J,6-('.5,6. 012C(65(/19;L$17/18( #?$(6$?03/"L4( "9(/12/3/2L0;( %:$7/$%C(
!0#L40;(%$$:%(04$(0(%/81/9/701#(%"L47$("9("/;(#"(#?$(>04/1$( >/8?#($3$1(2/%4L:#($1#/4$($7"%5%#$>%'(*99$7#%("1("4801G
$13/4"1>$1#'( N?$( />:07#%( "9( #?$%$( /1:L#%( "1( #?$( ":$1( /%>%( "#?$4( #?01( #?$( 60;$$1( P?0;$%( #$12( #"( "77L4( 0#(
"7$01($13/4"1>$1#(04$(;/K$;5(#"(6$(>/1/>0;(%/17$(#?$("/;( ?/8?$4(%"L12(94$bL$17/$%C(P?/7?(#403$;(%?"4#$4(2/%#017$%(
/%( ;048$;5( 2/%:$4%$2( 012( 9"4>%( #04( 60;;%( #?0#( ?03$( ;$%%( /1(%$0P0#$4'
/>:07#(#?01(94$%?("/;'(F">>L1/#/$%("9(>04/1$("4801/%>%(
#?0#( #?4/3$( "1( :$#4";$L>( 012( 10#L40;( 80%( ?524"7046"1( R,-'9%60)05,6
7">:"1$1#%("77L4(/1(#?$(3/7/1/#5("9(>015(10#L40;(%$$:%'( a04/"L%( 8"3$41>$1#0;( 7">>/%%/"1%( 012( 1"1G8"3$41G
!"( 2$#0/;$2( 0%%$%%>$1#%( "9( #?$( $13/4"1>$1#0;( />:;/70G >$1#0;( 84"L:%( ?03$( /13$%#/80#$2( #?$( />:07#%( "9( "7$01(
#/"1%("9("/;(94">(%$$:%(?03$(5$#(6$$1(L12$4#0K$1' 1"/%$( "1( >04/1$( $7"%5%#$>%( 012C( /1( :04#/7L;04C( >04/1$(
>0>>0;%'( N?$%$( /17;L2$( #?$( E+( -04/1$( -0>>0;(
F">>/%%/"1( @,23/%"45( F">>/##$$( "1(,7"L%#/7( A>:07#%(
?7A$(L1IQ
"1( -04/1$( -0>>0;%C( M[[\JQ( `/;2$64012( @M[[YJQ( #?$(
R%.-*5405,6#)67#,*5&56 I?0;$( 012( H";:?/1( F"1%$430#/"1( +"7/$#5( @H";>01C(
A1( #?$( ;0%#( S[( 5$04%C( ?L>01( 07#/3/#/$%( ?03$( 077/2$1G $#( 0;'C( M[[RJQ( )4$$1:$07$( E+,( 012( ,7"L%#/7( *7";"85(
#0;;5( 012( /1#$1#/"10;;5( /174$0%$2( #?$( ;$3$;( "9( %"L12( /1( A1%#/#L#$( @FL>>/18%( 012( W4012"1C( M[[RJQ( )4$$1:$07$(
#?$( "7$01%'( -015( $=:$4#%( $%#/>0#$( #?0#( 1"/%$( ;$3$;%( En(@-"%74":(012(+P/9#C(&XXXJQ(#?$(A1#$410#/"10;(F"L17/;(
04$( #$1( #/>$%( ?/8?$4( #?01( 0( 9$P( 2$702$%( 08"( @H"#/180( 9"4( #?$( *=:;"40#/"1( "9( #?$( +$0( @AF*+C( M[[SJQ( !0#/"10;(
012( *;9$4/1KC( M[[[J'( +?/::/18C( "99%?"4$( "/;( $=:;"40#/"1( ^$%"L47$%( H$9$17$( F"L17/;( @E+J( @]0%15( $#( 0;'C( M[[SJQ(
012( :4"2L7#/"1( 07#/3/#/$%C( 24$28/18C( 012( 9/%?/18( 74$0#$( A1#$4G,8$175( F">>/##$$( "1( -04/1$( +7/$17$( 012(
%"L12( P03$%( #?0#( 701( #403$;( 84$0#( 2/%#017$%( L12$4P0G N$7?1";"85(@EnJ(@.">$43/;;$(012(301(2$1(W$48C(M[[&JQ(
#$4'( DL4#?$4>"4$C( #?$( L%$( "9( %"104( 65( %?/:%C( 4$%$047?( +7/$1#/9/7( F">>/##$$( "1( ,1#047#/7( ^$%$047?( @+F,^C(
07#/3/#/$%(@$'8'C(9"4(6"##">(%7011/18J(012(>/;/#045(":$40G M[[RJQ(,+FBW,!+(@,84$$>$1#("1(#?$(F"1%$430#/"1("9(
#/"1%( 022%( 7"1%/2$406;5( #"( j07"L%#/70;( :";;L#/"1l( "9( #?$( +>0;;(F$#07$01%("9(#?$(W0;#/7(012(!"4#?(+$0%J(@*301%C(
"7$01%' M[[OJQ( ,FFBW,-+( @,84$$>$1#( "1( #?$( F"1%$430#/"1(
"9(F$#07$01%(/1(#?$(W;07K(+$0C(-$2/#$4401$01(+$0(012(
  7"1#/8L"L%(,#;01#/7(04$0J(@^"L%%$;C(M[[MJQ(E'+'(!0#/"10;(
+?/::/18( /%( #?$( ;048$%#( %"L47$( "9( ;"PG94$bL$175( %"L12'( ^$%$047?( F"L17/;( @M[[OJ( 012( En( -/1/%#45( "9( H$9$17$(
-"%#( "9( #?$( 1"/%$( 7">$%( 94">( :4":$;;$4%'( N?$( ;$3$;( "9( @y/1$#/y(F$1#4$(9"4(*13/4"1>$1#0;(+#L2/$%C(M[[OJ'(N?$4$(
1"/%$(#$12%(#"(/174$0%$(P/#?(84$0#$4(3$%%$;(%/<$C(%:$$2C( 04$( 0;%"( 0( 9$P( %7/$1#/9/7( 4$%$047?( :0:$4%( #?0#( $=0>/1$(
012(;"02'( #?$( />:07#%( "9( %"L12( "1( %:$7/9/7( %:$7/$%( "4( $7"%5%G
#$>%(@$'8'C(a0%7"17$;"%($#(0;'C(M[[YQ(+>/#?($#(0;'C(M[[RC(
I0;>%;$5C(M[[YQ(012(a01H5K$($#(0;'C(M[[RJ'
Q94)-0.#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%
N?$( /1#4"2L7#/"1( "9( 1"/%$( #"( #?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#(
87%I')-E#,/#(50%*)0'*%#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%#,/#
?0%( 6$$1( %?"P1( #"( ?03$( />:07#%( "1( >04/1$( %:$7/$%C(
56/,*9)05,6#&)4.
:04#/7L;04;5( 7$#07$01%( @0bL0#/7( >04/1$( >0>>0;%C( %L7?(
0%( P?0;$%( 012( 2";:?/1%J'( N?$4$( >05( $3$1( 6$( /12/4$7#( -"%#("9(#?$(7">>/%%/"1$2(0%%$%%>$1#%("1("7$01(1"/%$(
$7"%5%#$>($99$7#%C(65(099$7#/18(%:$7/9/7(%:$7/$%(012(#?$/4( /17;L2$(01$72"#0;($3/2$17$("9(#?$(/>:07#%("9(1"/%$(P/#?(
6$?03/"L4C($'8'C(65(099$7#/18(:4$5(030/;06/;/#5(@+/>"12%($#( %">$( 4$9$4$17$%( #"( %:$7/9/7( 4$%$047?( %#L2/$%'( N?$4$(
0;'(M[[OJ'(N?$(!0#/"10;(^$%$047?(F"L17/;(@M[[SJ(2$3$;G 04$( >"4$( #?"4"L8?( 4$3/$P%( "9( #?$( %7/$1#/9/7( ;/#$40#L4$(
":$2( 0( >$#?"2";"85( #"( 2$#$4>/1$( P?$#?$4( #?$( $99$7#%( /1( 0( 1L>6$4( "9( %#L2/$%C( 1"#06;5( #?"%$( "9( ^/7?042%"1(
04$( 6/";"8/70;;5( %/81/9/701#'( -015( >04/1$( %:$7/$%( L%$( $#( 0;'C( @&XXSJC( #?$( !0#/"10;( ^$%$047?( F"L17/;( @M[[OJC(
%"L12(9"4(7">>L1/70#/"1C(103/80#/"1C(03"/2017$("9(:4$2G 012( ^/$8;$4( @M[[\J'( N?$4$( 04$( 8$1$40;( 70;;%( 9"4( 9L4#?$4(
0#"4%(012(%$047?/18(9"4(9""2C(6L#(?/8?(;$3$;%("9(%"L12%( 4$%$047?( "1( #?$( />:07#%( "9( 1"/%$( 012( 70;;%( 9"4( 07#/"1(
"4( %"L12%( 0#( :04#/7L;04( 94$bL$17/$%( 701( ?03$( ?04>9L;( #"( 4$2L7$( 1"/%$( #"( >/1/>/<$( #?$%$( />:07#%( /1( #?$( 7">G
$99$7#%'(F"1#/1L"L%($=:"%L4$(#"(07"L%#/70;(:";;L#/"1(701( >/%%/"1$2( 0%%$%%>$1#%'( N?$4$( 4$>0/1( ;048$( 80:%( /1(
70L%$( :?5%/70;( /1dL4/$%C( 2/%4L:#( 6$?03/"L4C( >0%K( 7">G #?$( %7/$1#/9/7( K1"P;$28$( 06"L#( #?$( 07#L0;( />:07#%( "9(
>L1/70#/"1("4("#?$4(6/";"8/70;;5(/>:"4#01#(%/810;%C(099$7#( 1"/%$'( N?$4$( ?03$( 6$$1( 9$P( 0##$>:#%( #"( %5%#$>0#/70;;5(
%:$7/$%e(06/;/#/$%(#"(?$04(0#(7$4#0/1(74/#/70;(94$bL$17/$%("4( >$0%L4$( "4( >"1/#"4( 1"/%$( ;$3$;%( "4( #"( 0##4/6L#$( 1"/%$(
/174$0%$(#?$/4(%$1%/#/3/#/$%(#"(2/%#L46017$'(N?$%$($99$7#%( ;$3$;%(#"(%:$7/9/7(%"L47$%'(N?"L8?(%7/$1#/9/7(4$%$047?(/%(
04$( 4$3/$P$2( /1( ^/7?042%"1( $#( 0;'C( @&XXSJC( #?$( !0#/"10;( /1( >015( 70%$%( ;07K/18C( >"%#( 1"1G8"3$41>$1#0;( 84"L:%(
^$%$047?(F"L17/;(@M[[OJC(012(^/$8;$4(@M[[\J'( @$'8'C()4$$1:$07$J(012(>015("9(#?$(8"3$41>$1#0;(7">G
>/%%/"1%(903"L4(02":#/18(0(j:4$70L#/"1045l(0::4"07?(#"(
"7$01(1"/%$'
N?$(/>:07#%("1(7$#07$01%C(P?/7?(#$12(#"(?03$(0(>L7?(
64"02$4(4018$("9(?$04/18(@6"#?(L;#40%"1/7(012(/1940%"1/7J(
#?01( ?L>01%C( ?0%( 6$$1( "9( 84$0#$%#( 7"17$41( #"( >04/1$( D"L4( >/#/80#/"1( >$0%L4$%( ?03$( 6$$1( %L88$%#$2( #"(
6/";"8/%#%'(WL#(1"/%$(701(0;%"(099$7#(>04/1$(9/%?$%C(4$:G 4$2L7$(#?$(/>:07#("9(1"/%$("1(>04/1$($7"%5%#$>%C(012(
#/;$%C( 7$:?0;":"2%C( 012( :$4?0:%( "#?$4( >04/1$( 01/>0;%( /1(:04#/7L;04C(>04/1$(>0>>0;%T

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(?@
!" H" $+:&%/-&,$+I" 35:,<+" *+3" 5J/,9;5+&" :&*+3*%3:" 1$%" 8L#%("9(9/%?(012("#?$4("4801/%>%Q(/#(701(%>"#?$4(#?$(%$0(
$bL/:>$1#(#?0#(:4"2L7$%(;$%%(1"/%$Q 9;""4Q(/#(701(20>08$(%$1%/#/3$($7"%5%#$>%(%L7?(0%(7"40;(
!" "F5:&%,-&,$+:"$%"-)$:/%5:"$1"-5%&*,+"$-5*+"*%5*:"*&":95G 4$$9%( @H"1"?L$( $#( 0;'( M[[&JQ( /#( 701( 9"L;( 6"0#( :4":$;;$4%(
7/9/7(#/>$%(@$'8'C(/1(04$0%(/>:"4#01#(9"4(4$:4"2L7#/"1JQ 012( 7;"8( P0#$4( /1#0K$( :"4#%( "1( $18/1$%( G( $12018$4/18(
!" "F$/&,+<"*+3"9$:,&,$+,+<";5*:/%5:"A5G<GI"5:&*7),:';5+&" #?$(%09$#5$"9(9/%?$4>$1(012(6"0#$4%Q(%>0;;(:04#/7;$%(701(
"9(04$0%(#"(6$(03"/2$2(65(%?/:%JQ(012 02%"46( :$4%/%#$1#( "4801/7( :";;L#01#%( @.B.%J( @-0#"( $#(
!" "495%*&,$+*)";5*:/%5:"A5G<GI"=,:/*)"$%"*-$/:&,-*)";$+G 0;'( M[[&C( zLK/$( $#( 0;'( M[[&J( 012( #?L%( /1#4"2L7$( .B.%(
/#"4/18( 6$9"4$( /1/#/0#/18( 1"/%$G74$0#/18( 07#/3/#/$%( #"( #"(#?$(9""2(7?0/1Q(/#(701(07#(0%(0(7044/$4("9(;/3/18("4801G
2$#$4>/1$(/9(%$1%/#/3$(%:$7/$%(04$(/1(#?$(3/7/1/#5C(%:$$2( /%>%(@W041$%(M[[MC(W041$%(012(-/;1$4(M[[SJC(/17;L2/18(
4$2L7#/"1%C(;/>/#0#/"1("9(#?$(2L40#/"1("9(#?$(1"/%$J' :0#?"8$1%C( 6$5"12( #?$/4( 1"4>0;( 8$"840:?/7( 4018$%'(
,:04#(94">(#?/%C(0;;(K/12%("9(>04/1$(2$64/%(04$(20>08/18(
*=:$4#%(/1(#?$(9/$;2("9(07"L%#/70;(/>:07#%("1(#?$(>04/1$( #"(>04/1$G60%$2(4$74$0#/"1(012(#"L4/%>'
$13/4"1>$1#( ?03$( :"/1#$2( #"( 0( 1$$2( 9"4( 0( ;"18G#$4>(
>"1/#"4/18( :4"840>( #"( 0%%$%%( ;$3$;%( "9( "7$01( 1"/%$( R,-'9%60)05,6
012(#"(#407K(9L#L4$(7?018$%'(+">$($1#/#/$%(?03$(4$7">G
A1( M[[SC( 0( E!*.( h010;5#/70;( "3$43/$Pe( @E!*.( M[[SJ(
>$12$2( #?$( /17;L%/"1( "9( 07"L%#/7( 20#0( /1( 8;"60;( "7$01(
/2$1#/9/$2( >04/1$( ;/##$4( 0%( h0( 30%#( 012( 84"P/18( #?4$0#(
"6%$43/18(%5%#$>%(1"P(6$/18(:;011$2(65(#?$(E'+'(012(
#"( #?$( >04/1$( 012( 7"0%#0;( $13/4"1>$1#e'( N?$( :";;L#/"1(
/1#$410#/"10;( 4$%$047?( 9"L120#/"1%'( N?$%$( 20#0( %?"L;2(
"9( #?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#( 65( :;0%#/7( 2$64/%( ?0%( 6$$1(
6$(":$1;5(030/;06;$(#"(>0108$4%(012(2$7/%/"1(>0K$4%(/1(
$=#$1%/3$;5(4$3/$P$2(65(H$440/K(@M[[MJ'(a04/"L%(10#/"10;(
/12L%#45C(#?$(>/;/#045(012(4$8L;0#"45(08$17/$%'
012( /1#$410#/"10;( 08$17/$%C( 0%( P$;;( 0%( )*+,-.( @M[[&JC(
?03$($=0>/1$2(#?$(%"L47$%(012(/>:07#%("9(:;0%#/7(2$64/%(
J,6-('.5,6. 012( 1"1G8"3$41>$1#0;( "4801/<0#/"1%( @!)B%J( %L7?( 0%(
I?/;$(#?$4$(/%(%/81/9/701#(/1#$4$%#(012(7"17$41(06"L#(#?$( )4$$1:$07$(@,;;%"::($#(0;'(M[[\J(012(#?$(F0;/9"41/0G60%$2(
K1"P1(012(:"#$1#/0;(/>:07#%("9("7$01(1"/%$(94">(%?/:G ,;80;/#0( -04/1$( ^$%$047?( D"L120#/"1( @,-^DQ( -""4$C(
:/18(012("#?$4(01#?4":"8$1/7(%"L47$%("1(>04/1$($7"%5%G M[[\J(?03$(4$7"42$2(1L>$4"L%(/>:07#%(0%%"7/0#$2(P/#?(
#$>%C(#?$4$(04$(%#/;;(;048$(/19"4>0#/"1(80:%(/1(#?$(%7/$1#/9/7( #?$%$(>0#$4/0;%'( N?$4$(/%(0;%"($=#$1%/3$(7"3$408$(P/#?/1(
;/#$40#L4$'(N?$4$(04$(1L>$4"L%(4$7">>$12$2(>$0%L4$%( #?$(P/2$4(%7/$1#/9/7(;/#$40#L4$("9(#?$(/>:07#%(012($99$7#%("9(
9"4(>/#/80#/"1("9(1"/%$(6L#(1"(%5%#$>0#/7(0%%$%%>$1#("4( :;0%#/7(2$64/%("1(>04/1$("4801/%>%(012($7"%5%#$>%'
>"1/#"4/18("9(07#L0;(1"/%$(;$3$;%'(-015($=:$4#%(6$;/$3$(
#?0#( 0( >"1/#"4/18( :4"840>( 9"4( 1"/%$( %?"L;2( 6$( /17"4:"G ,;#?"L8?( >04/1$( 2$64/%( 701( 6$( 9"L12( /1( 0;;( %$0( 04$0%C(
40#$2( /1#"( :;011$2( 8;"60;( "7$01( "6%$430#/"1( :4"840>%'( 012( #?4"L8?"L#( #?$( ":$1( "7$01%C( >"%#( "9( #?$( 030/;G
A#( /%( 7;$04( #?0#( %/81/9/701#;5( 6$##$4( /19"4>0#/"1( "1( "7$01( 06;$(;/#$40#L4$(2$0;%(P/#?(7"0%#0;(012(%?$;9(04$0%(P?$4$(
1"/%$(/%(1$$2$2(6$9"4$(0(:4":$4(0%%$%%>$1#("9(#?$($13/G bL01#/#/$%( 04$( 84$0#$%#( 012( />:07#%( >"%#( 0::04$1#'(
4"1>$1#0;(%/81/9/7017$("9(1"/%$(701(6$(7044/$2("L#'(!$P( N?$4$( ?03$( 6$$1( 1"( 2$#0/;$2( )..%..9%60.( "4( *%=5%A.#
7"17$41%(06"L#(/174$0%$2(%"L12(:4":080#/"1(P/#?("7$01( "9(#?$(:4"6;$>( 9"7L%%/18( %:$7/9/70;;5( "1("7$01/7( 04$0%'(
07/2/9/70#/"1(04$(dL%#(6$8/11/18(#"(6$(0224$%%$2' !"(4$:"4#%("9(4$8L;04C(%#012042/%$2(>"1/#"4/18("9(2$64/%(
6$5"12(#?$(%?$;9(?03$(6$$1(/2$1#/9/$2'(,%(0(4$%L;#C(bL0;/G
#0#/3$(012(bL01#/#0#/3$(20#0("1(>04/1$(2$64/%(/1(#?$(":$1(
?7C$"VK1MQ$TQ[K1I "7$01%( 04$( $=#4$>$;5( ;/>/#$2'( N?$4$( ?03$( 6$$1( "770G
R%.-*5405,6#)67#,*5&56 %/"10;( %L43$5%( "9( 2$64/%( /1( %$;$7#$2( ":$1G"7$01( 04$0%C(
$%:$7/0;;5( /1( #?$( 04$0( "9( #?$( !"4#?( .07/9/7( 7$1#40;( 854$(
-04/1$( 2$64/%( 7"1%/%#%( "9( %";/2( P0%#$( #?0#( ?0%( $1#$4$2(
@-""4$($#(0;'(M[[&J(P?$4$(:?5%/70;(?524"840:?/7(7"12/G
#?$(%$0($/#?$4(94">(;012("4(94">(3$%%$;%'(^$;$0%$%(#"(#?$(
#/"1%(7"17$1#40#$(9;"0#/18(>0#$4/0;%'(A1(M[[MC(0(%L43$5("9(
%$0("77L4($/#?$4(/1#$1#/"10;;5(@$'8'(2/%7042%(94">(3$%%$;%(
#?$(04$0(65(,-^D(9"L12(01(0%#"L12/18(\(K8("9(:;0%#/7(9"4(
/17;L2/18(804608$(012(9/%?/18(8$04J("4(/1023$4#$1#;5(@$'8'(
$07?( K8( "9( 1$04G%L4907$( :;01K#"1'( N?$4$( 04$( 4$:"4#%( "9(
P/12G6;"P1( "4( /1( 4L1G"99J( #?4"L8?( P0%#$( "L#90;;%C( 94">(
;"%#(012(2/%7042$2(9/%?/18(8$04C(012(P0%#$(94">(3$%%$;%C(
"99%?"4$(:;0#9"4>%C(0bL07L;#L4$(/1%#0;;0#/"1%(012(;/##$4$2(
"1( #?$( %?"4$%( "9( >015( %>0;;( /%;012%( @W041$%C( M[[SJ( /1(
6$07?$%'( N?$( >0#$4/0;%( /13";3$2( /17;L2$( >$#0;C( 8;0%%C(
#?$(,#;01#/7(@B#;$5C(M[[OJC(A12/01(@.05$#($#(0;'C(M[[RJ(012(
4L66$4(012(:0:$4(:4"2L7#%(6L#(65(904(#?$(>"%#(06L1201#(
.07/9/7(@)4$8"45C(&XXXC(-7H$4>/2C(M[[RJ("7$01%C(%">$(
012( :4"6;$>0#/7( 04$( 6L"501#( 012( :$4%/%#$1#( :;0%#/7%'(
"9(P?/7?(04$(4$>"#$(012(L1/1?06/#$2'(A%;012(7?0/1%(012(
.;0%#/7( :$;;$#%( L%$2( /1( >01L907#L4/18( 012( :;0%#/7( 9408G
047?/:$;08"%( :4"3/2$( %">$( "9( #?$( 6$%#( ;"70#/"1%( 9"4(
>$1#%(04$(P/2$%:4$02(/1(#?$("7$01%'
80L8/18( #?$( $=#$1#( "9( 2$64/%( /1( #?$( ":$1( "7$01%'( N?$(
);"60;( A1#$410#/"10;( I0#$4%(,%%$%%>$1#( @)AI,J( "9( #?$(
Q94)-0.#)67#.5&65/5-)6-% A12/01( B7$01( A%;012%( @.05$#( $#( 0;'C( M[[RJ( 4$3$0;$2( #?$(
-04/1$( 2$64/%( /%( 0( %$4/"L%( 012( P/2$%:4$02( :4"6;$>'( %$4/"L%($=#$1#("9(#?$(%";/2(P0%#$U>04/1$(2$64/%(:4"6;$>%(
.;0%#/7(2$64/%(?0%(0#(;$0%#(%/=(%/81/9/701#(#5:$%("9(/>:07#T( /1(#?0#(04$0'(N?$4$(04$(1L>$4"L%(4$:"4#%("9(/>:07#%("1(
/#( 701( %#4018;$( "4( >0/>( >04/1$( 6/42%C( >0>>0;%( 012( >04/1$(%:$7/$%(/1("99%?"4$(04$0%C(>0/1;5(2L$(#"(:;0%#/7%(
#L4#;$%( @`$12$4%"1( M[[&J( 012( 70L%$( 6;"7K08$%( /1( #?$( 012(9/%?/18(8$04'(

Aa$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
87%I')-E#,/#(50%*)0'*%#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%#,/# W0;;0%#(P0#$4(70:07/#5(304/$%(0%(0(9L17#/"1("9(7048"(704G
56/,*9)05,6#&)4. 45/18(70:07/#5(012(%?/:(#5:$(@*124$%$1($#(0;'C(M[[OJC(012(
N?$4$(/%(0;>"%#(1"(/19"4>0#/"1("1(>04/1$(;/##$4(012(2$64/%( #?$(011L0;(60;;0%#(P0#$4(0>"L1#%(#401%:"4#$2(?0%(6$$1(
/1(#?$(":$1("7$01(7">:0406;$(#"(#?0#(030/;06;$(9"4(7"0%#0;( $%#/>0#$2( 0%( 0( 9L17#/"1( "9( #?$( #"#0;( 7048"( #401%:"4#$2(
04$0%( %L7?( 0%( 6$07?$%C( P?/7?( /1( >015( 7"L1#4/$%( 04$( 011L0;;5( @*124$%$1( $#( 0;'C( M[[RJ'( N?$( 8;"60;( 60;;0%#(
%L6d$7#( #"( 4$8L;04( %5%#$>0#/7( %L43$5%'( A#( /%( 1"#( :"%%/6;$( P0#$4(4$bL/4$2(9"4(0;;(7048"(#401%:"4#(65(%$0(/%($%#/>0#$2(
0#(:4$%$1#(#"(%05(?"P(#5:$%(012(bL01#/#/$%("9(2$64/%(04$( #"( 6$( 0::4"=/>0#$;5( OS[[( -#( 54G&C( 012( #?$( 3";L>$( "9(
2/%#4/6L#$2( P/#?/1( #?$( "7$01%( "4( #"( 7">:04$( "1$( "7$01( 60;;0%#(P0#$4(2/%7?048$2(/1#"(#?$(":$1(%$0(#?4"L8?(60;G
60%/1( P/#?( 01"#?$4'( `524"840:?/7( 9$0#L4$%( 7;$04;5( :;05( ;0%#(P0#$4($=7?018$(":$40#/"1%(/%($%#/>0#$2(0#(0::4"=/G
01(/>:"4#01#(4";$(/1(2/%#4/6L#/"1("9(:;0%#/7%'(B1$(7">:4$G >0#$;5(MZ[[(-#(54G&'(@4$3/$P$2(65(*124$%$1($#(0;'C(M[[RJ'(
?$1%/3$( 4$3/$P( @H$440/KC( M[[MJ( "9( %7/$1#/9/7( ;/#$40#L4$( "1( A1#$410#/"10;;5C("/;(#01K$4%(077"L1#(9"4(%">$(OYc("9(#?$(
:;0%#/7( 2$64/%( 1"#$%( #?0#C( 0;#?"L8?( >L7?( "9( #?$( $=/%#/18( 60;;0%#(P0#$4(011L0;;5(#401%:"4#$2C(P?/;$(245(6L;K(7048"(
/19"4>0#/"1(/%(60%/70;;5(01$72"#0;C(/#(:4"3/2$%("3$4P?$;>G 7044/$4%(077"L1#(9"4(OXc(@7"0;C(/4"1("4$C(840/1%(012("#?$4(
/18( $3/2$17$( #?0#( :;0%#/7( :";;L#/"1( /%( 0( #?4$0#( #"( >04/1$( 6L;K(7">>"2/#/$%J'(N?$(4$>0/1/18(MRc(/17;L2$%(8$1$40;(
6/"2/3$4%/#5'(`"P$3$4C(#?$(:4$7/%$(/>:07#%("1(:":L;0#/"1%( 7048"C( 7"1#0/1$4( 3$%%$;%C( ^"G^"( @^";;( "1U^";;( "99( 3$%G
012($7"%5%#$>%(04$(L1K1"P1'(,;#?"L8?(4$%$047?(012U"4( %$;%JC( 7?$>/70;( #01K$4%( 012( _!)( @_/bL/2( !0#L40;( )0%J(
7""42/10#$2( /1#$410#/"10;( >"1/#"4/18( >05( ?$;:( #"( 7;04/95( #01K$4%(@*124$%$1($#(0;'C(M[[RJ'
2/%#4/6L#/"1%( #4$12%C( />:07#%( 012( #?$/4( %/81/9/7017$C( #?$(
7"%#( P"L;2( 6$( ?/8?'( A#( /%( 048L06;$( #?0#( #?$4$( /%( 0;4$025( B:$1("7$01($=7?018$("9(60;;0%#(P0#$4(/13";3$%(4$:;07G
%L99/7/$1#($3/2$17$("9(?0<042%(012(4/%K%(#"($19"47$(>$0G /18( 7"0%#0;( P0#$4( P/#?( ":$1( "7$01( P0#$4( 2L4/18( 0( 3"5G
%L4$%(@$'8'(-,^.B_(YOUYZC(,11$=(aJ(2$%/81$2(#"(4$2L7$( 08$C($/#?$4(65($>:#5/18(012(4$9/;;/18(60;;0%#(#01K%("4(65(
/1:L#%'(,22/#/"10;(:L6;/70#/"1%("1(0%:$7#%("9(>04/1$(2$64/%( 9;"PG#?4"L8?( 2/;L#/"1( @*124$%$1( $#( 0;'CM[[RJ'( `"P$3$4C(
/1(#?$("7$01%(04$(/17;L2$2(/1(#?$(W/6;/"840:?5(@,11$=(OJ' ":$1( "7$01( $=7?018$( /%( 1"#( 0;P05%( 6/";"8/70;;5( $99$7G
#/3$( @*124$%$1( $#( 0;'C( M[[MJ( 012( /%( 1"#( 0;P05%( :"%%/6;$(
J,6-('.5,6. #"( :$49"4>( 2L$( #"( %?/:( %09$#5( 012( ":$40#/"10;( /%%L$%(
/13";3$2(@*124$%$1($#(0;'C(M[[MJC(012(#?$4$9"4$(/#(/%(;/K$;5(
N?$4$( ?03$( 6$$1( 1"( 4$8/"10;C( 10#/"10;( "4( /1#$410#/"10;(
#?0#( 0( :"4#/"1( "9( #?$( 60;;0%#( P0#$4( #401%:"4#$2( 011L0;;5(
)..%..9%60.("9(>04/1$(;/##$4U2$64/%(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01%'(
P/;;(?03$(#"(6$(#4$0#$2(65("#?$4(>$#?"2%C("4(2/%7?048$2(
H$:"%/#%( "1( /%;012( %?"4$%C( "9#$1( /1( 4$>"#$( 012( L1/1G
0%(L1#4$0#$2(60;;0%#(P0#$4'(
?06/#$2(04$0%C(:4"3/2$(8""2(/12/70#"4%("9("7$01G2$4/3$2(
2$64/%( %L7?( 0%( 9/%?/18( 8$04( 012( P0%#$( 94">( 3$%%$;%'(
N?$5(0;%"(%?"P(#?0#(:;0%#/7%C(/1(:04#/7L;04C(04$(#401%:"4#G Q94)-0.#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%
$2("3$4(7"1%/2$406;$(2/%#017$%(65("7$01(7L44$1#%'(D4">( ,(>0d"4(7"17$41(0%%"7/0#$2(P/#?(60;;0%#(P0#$4(?0%(6$$1(
#?$($=#$1%/3$(;/#$40#L4$("1(>04/1$(2$64/%C(/#(/%(K1"P1(#?0#( #?$(%:4$02("9(/130%/3$(0;/$1(%:$7/$%(012(#"=/7(2/1"9;08$;G
:;0%#/7(>0#$4/0;%(012(9/%?/18(8$04(04$(P/2$%:4$02(/1(#?$( ;0#$%C(012(#?$(40#$("9(/1#4"2L7#/"1%(?0%(6$$1(/174$0%/18(
"7$01%(012(701(6$7">$(7"17$1#40#$2(/1(7$4#0/1(04$0%'( $=:"1$1#/0;;5(%/17$(#?$(&Z[[%(@F04;#"1C(M[[&J'(A130%/3$(
.4$G:4"2L7#/"1( :;0%#/7( :$;;$#%C( 012( 9408>$1#%( "9( ;048$4( >04/1$( %:$7/$%( 04$( 1"P( 7"1%/2$4$2( "1$( "9( #?$( 84$0#G
:;0%#/7(/#$>%C(04$(P/2$%:4$02(/1(%$0P0#$4C($3$1(:$4?0:%( $%#( #?4$0#%( #"( #?$( P"4;2e%( "7$01%( 012( #?$( $7"1">/70;(
L6/bL/#"L%'( A>:07#%( 04$( $3/2$1#( 6L#( #?$( :"#$1#/0;( 9"4( />:07#%( "9( #?$%$( /130%/"1%( 701( 6$( 7"1%/2$406;$'( D"4(
P/2$4($13/4"1>$1#0;(20>08$(P04401#%(9L4#?$4(/13$%#/80G $=0>:;$C( #?$( <$640( >L%%$;( 0;"1$( 077"L1#%( 9"4( "3$4(
#/"1'( -$0%L4$%( 2$%/81$2( #"( 4$2L7$( /1:L#%( ?03$( 6$$1( {S[[(>/;;/"1(0(5$04(@^L/<($#(0;'C(M[[&J'(.040;5#/7(%?$;;9/%?(
;048$;5(/81"4$2' :"/%"1/18(@.+.J(?0%(6$$1(0##4/6L#$2(#"(#?$(7"1%L>:#/"1(
"9( %?$;;9/%?( 7"1#0>/10#$2( P/#?( 0;K0;"/2( #"=/1%( 94">( &&(
%:$7/$%( "9( :;01K#"1( 2/1"9;08$;;0#$%( @`0;;$840$99C( &XXZJ'(
?78$GVOOVIJ$-VJQK A1/#/0;;5C( >0d"4( "L#64$0K%( "9( #"=/7( 2/1"9;08$;;0#$%( 012(
R%.-*5405,6#)67#,*5&56 "#?$4(/130%/"1%("9(>04/1$(:$%#%(4$;0#$2(#"(60;;0%#(P0#$4(
W0;;0%#( P0#$4( >0108$>$1#( /%( 0( 7">:;$=( /%%L$( 40/%/18( P$4$( >"%#;5( 94">( #$>:$40#$( P0#$4%( "9( *L4":$C( !"4#?(
#?$(7?0;;$18$("9(>$48/18(/1#$410#/"10;(4$8L;0#/"1%C(%?/:e%( ,>$4/70( 012( ]0:01'( +/17$( #?$( &XX[e%( /17/2$1#%( ?03$(
%:$7/9/7(7"19/8L40#/"1%C(012($7";"8/70;(7"1%$430#/"1'(N?/%( 6$$1(4$:"4#$2(94">(#?$(+"L#?$41(`$>/%:?$4$C(/17;L2/18(
7">:;$=/#5(/%(2L$(#"(60;;0%#(P0#$4(3";L>$C(2/%7?048$(94$G +"L#?(,94/70C(,L%#40;/0C( !$P( f$0;012C( 012( .0:L0( !$P(
bL$175C(%?/:(%09$#5(012(":$40#/"10;(/%%L$%(0;/81$2(P/#?( )L/1$0C( 0%( P$;;( 0%( #?$( !"4#?$41( `$>/%:?$4$( /17;L2/18(
4$8/"10;( 7?0407#$4/%#/7%( #"( 0224$%%( $7";"8/70;( 4/%K%( 9"4( A12/0C( N?0/;012C( W4L1$/C( -0;05%/0C( 012( #?$( .?/;/::/1$%(
%$;$7#$2( 4"L#$%( @*124$%$1( $#( 0;'C( M[[RJ'( A1#$410#/"10;( @`0;;$840$99C(&XXZJ'(
4$8L;0#/"1%(65(10#L4$(#0K$(0(4$;0#/3$;5(;"18(#/>$(#"($1#$4(
/1#"(9"47$C(?$17$(4$8/"10;(012(10#/"10;(4$8L;0#/"1%(#$12( `"P$3$4C( >0d"4( />:07#%( ?03$( 6$$1( 4$7"42$2( "1;5( 94">(
#"(6$(2$3$;":$2(#"(>$$#(P/#?(>"4$(;"70;(2$>012%'(+L7?( 7"0%#0;( P0#$4%C( 012( 7L44$1#;5( 030/;06;$( /19"4>0#/"1( /12/G
2$3$;":>$1#%( 04$( "9( >0d"4( 7"17$41( #"( #?$( %?/::/18( 70#$%(#?0#(60;;0%#(P0#$4(?0%(>/1/>0;($13/4"1>$1#0;(/>:07#%(
/12L%#45C( P?/7?( >L%#( ":$40#$( 074"%%( 2/99$4$1#( dL4/%2/7G /1(#?$(":$1("7$01'(A1(907#C(077"42/18(#"(#?$(A1#$410#/"10;(
#/"1%(@*124$%$1($#(0;'C(M[[RJ' -04/#/>$( B4801/<0#/"1( @A-BJC( ":$1( "7$01( $=7?018$( "9(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(A9
60;;0%#(P0#$4(/%(#?$(4$7">>$12$2(>$#?"2(9"4(7"1#4";;/18( "9(-$=/7"'(,11L0;;5C(01($%#/>0#$2(\'R(#4/;;/"1(#"11$%("9("/;(
/1#4"2L7#/"1%("9(>04/1$(:$%#%(@A-BC(M[[OJ'( 012(80%(04$(:4"2L7$2(8;"60;;5'(A1(022/#/"1(#"("770%/"10;(
"/;( %:/;;%( 94">( "99%?"4$( 907/;/#/$%C( #?$4$( 04$( 0;%"( "L#:L#%(
R,-'9%60)05,6 "9( 304/"L%( %L6%#017$%( #?0#( 04$( :04#( "9( 4"L#/1$( ":$40G
#/"1%'(B1$(%#L25($%#/>0#$%(#?0#(#?$("/;(012(80%(/12L%#45(
N"=/7(2/1"9;08$;;0#$%(04$(:4"606;5(#?$(6$%#(%#L2/$2(>"2$;(
2/%7?048$%("3$4(Z[[(%L6%#017$%C(:$#4";$L>(012(4$;0#$2(
"4801/%>( #"( 0%%$%%( #?$( 6/"G$7"1">/7( 4/%K%( "9( 60;;0%#(
:4"2L7#%(6$/18(#?$(2">/101#(70#$8"45'
P0#$4( /1#4"2L7#/"1( "9( 1"1G/12/8$1"L%( >04/1$( :$%#%'( ,1(
/>:"4#01#(4$3/$P("9(,L%#40;/01(4$%$047?($99"4#%("1(#401%G
:"4#("9(#"=/7(2/1"9;08$;;0#$(75%#%(3/0(%?/:%e(60;;0%#(P0#$4( Q94)-0.#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%
"3$4( 0( :$4/"2( "9( &[( 5$04%( P0%( 7">:;$#$2( /1( #?$( ;0#$( B/;( 012( 80%( $=:;"40#/"1( 012( :4"2L7#/"1( 07#/3/#/$%( "77L4(
&XX[e%(@`0;;$840$99C(&XXZJ'(N?/%(/19"4>0#/"1(P0%(%L::;$G >0/1;5( /1( P0#$4%( ;$%%( #?01( M[[( >$#$4%( 2$$:C( 6$5"12(
>$1#$2( P/#?( #?$( 4$%L;#%( "9( %/>/;04( %#L2/$%( /1( *L4":$C( #?$( 4$>/#( "9( #?$( :4$%$1#( 4$3/$P'( D07/;/#/$%( 0;%"( "77L4( /1(
A%40$;C( !"4#?(,>$4/70C( F01020C( ]0:01C( F?/10( 012( !$P( 2$$:$4(P0#$4%C(1"#06;5(/1(#?$()L;9("9(-$=/7"(P?/7?C(9"4(
f$0;012'( *124$%$1( $#( 0;'( @M[[RJ( 4$3/$P$2( $%#/>0#$2( :L4:"%$%("9(#?$(7L44$1#($=$47/%$C(/%(#0K$1(#"(6$(0(>04G
8;"60;( 60;;0%#( P0#$4( $=7?018$( /17;L2/18( ":$1( "7$01( 8/10;(%$0(012(1"#(:04#("9(#?$(":$1("7$01'(
$=7?018$( /1( "42$4( #"( /2$1#/95( >0d"4( "6%#07;$%( #"( ":$1(
"7$01($=7?018$'(N?$(4$3/$P(7"17;L2$2(#?0#(%?/:(%09$#5( !$3$4#?$;$%%C(:"#$1#/0;(/>:07#%("9($=:;"40#/"1U$=#407#/"1(
0%:$7#%( 2L$( #"( 304/06;$( %$0( 7"12/#/"1%( 012( ":$40#/"10;( "1(#?$(,4%6#,-%)6(>05(/17;L2$T(
0%:$7#%( %L7?( 0%( #?$( ;$18#?( "9( #/>$( 4$bL/4$2( :4$3$1#$2( v +:/;;%( 94">( :;0#9"4>%( 012( 4/8%C( 94">( "99%?"4$( %L::;5(
%">$( %?/:%( 94">( 07bL/4/18( 60;;0%#( P0#$4( 94">( #?$( ":$1( 3$%%$;%( #?0#( %$43/7$( #?$( 907/;/#/$%C( "4( 94">( :/:$;/1$%(
"7$01'( #?0#(#401%:"4#("/;("99%?"4$(#"(;012("4(#"("99%?"4$(%#"408$(
907/;/#/$%(#?0#(%:4$02(#"(":$1("7$01(P0#$4%Q(012
S6#T*!7;,89,2(&#+!&*+#,!%6,"()%(9(7!%7#,89, v H/%7?048$%("9("/;(94">(2/$%$;G60%$2(012("#?$4(#5:$%("9(
(%98+$!&(8%,)!1" 24/;;/18(>L2%(L%$2(0#("99%?"4$(907/;/#/$%(#?0#(%:4$02(#"(
FL44$1#;5C(#?$4$(/%(3$45(;/##;$(/19"4>0#/"1("1(#?$(:"#$1#/0;( ":$1("7$01(P0#$4%'
4/%K%( "9( ":$1( "7$01( 60;;0%#( P0#$4( $=7?018$Q( 6L#( #?/%(
:407#/7$(/%(7"1%/2$4$2(#"(6$(4$;0#/3$;5(%09$'(-"%#(0%%$%%G )*+,-.( @&XYYJ( $%#/>0#$2( "/;( /1:L#%( #"( #?$( %$0( 94">(
>$1#%(?03$(0;%"(#$12$2(#"(9"7L%("1(04$0%(#?0#(4$:"4#$2( %L7?(%"L47$%'(N?$(%#L25(2/2(1"#(/17;L2$(015(0##$>:#(#"(
>0d"4("L#64$0K%("9(#"=/7(2/1"9;08$;;0#$%(%L7?(0%(#$>:$4G bL01#/95( 015( /1:L#%'( N?$( %#L25( 7"17;L2$2( #?0#( /1( 022/G
0#$( P0#$4%( "99( !"4#?( ,>$4/70C( *L4":$C( 012( ,L%#40;/0'( #/"1(#"(:"#$1#/0;(/1:L#%("9(:$#4";$L>(012(10#L40;(80%(4%*#
,;#?"L8?( %">$( >0d"4( 70%$%( %L7?( 0%( #?$( <$640( >L%%$;( .%C(#?$4$(P$4$("#?$4($99$7#%(#?0#(%?"L;2(6$(7"1%/2$4$2C(
?03$(6$$1(P$;;(%#L2/$2C(#?$4$(/%(904(;$%%(/19"4>0#/"1("1( %L7?(0%T
>04/1$(%:$7/$%(/1#4"2L7#/"1%(#?0#(?03$(1"#(6$$1(0%%"7/G v ^$%#4/7#/"1("9(07#/3/#/$%("9("#?$4(L%$4%("9(#?$(%$0G6$2C(
0#$2(P/#?(2/%$0%$("L#64$0K%("4(>0d"4($7"1">/7(/>:07#%'( :4/>04/;5(6"##">(9/%?$4>$1Q
`"P$3$4C(/1(01(":$1("7$01(7"1#$=#C(#?$(%/81/9/7017$("9( v ^$2/%#4/6L#/"1("9(9/%?(:":L;0#/"1%(#?0#(04$(0##407#$2(#"(
%L7?( /19"4>0#/"1( 80:%( /%( ;"P( 2L$( #"( #?$( :"#$1#/0;;5( ;"P( #?$("99%?"4$(%#4L7#L4$%Q
/>:07#%("9(60;;0%#(P0#$4(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01' v E17"1#4";;$2( 2L>:/18( "9( P0%#$%( 012( 2$64/%C( P?/7?(
>/8?#(099$7#(9/%?/18(07#/3/#/$%Q
v _"70;(0;#$40#/"1%(/1(%$2/>$1#(%#4L7#L4$("9(#?$(%$0G6$2(
J,6-('.5,6.
2L$( #"( 2/%:"%0;( "9( 9"4>0#/"1( 7L##/18%( 012( ;"%%$%( "9(
N?$4$( /%( /174$0%/18( 4$7"81/#/"1( "1( #?$( 1$$2( #"( 4$2L7$( 24/;;/18(>L2%Q
#?$(4/%K("9(/130%/3$(%:$7/$%(/1#4"2L7#/"1%C(6L#(L1#/;(/1#$4G v N"=/7($99$7#%("1(;"70;(9/%?(:":L;0#/"1%(012("#?$4(>04/1$(
10#/"10;( 084$$>$1#( 012( 077$:#017$( "9( 0( 9L;;5( $99$7#/3$C( 6/"#0(94">(7">:"1$1#%("9(24/;;/18(>L2%(@$'8'C(;$02(012(
:407#/706;$C( %09$C( $7"1">/70;;5( 3/06;$( 012( $13/4"1>$1G 7?4">/L>JQ
#0;;5( 94/$12;5( 60;;0%#( P0#$4( #4$0#>$1#( /%( 07?/$3$2C( 01( v *99$7#%("1(;"70;(9/%?(012(%?$;;9/%?(4$%"L47$%(94">(2/%G
/1#$410#/"10;( P041/18( 1$#P"4K( 9"4( 0;80;( 6;"">%( /1( :"4#%( :"%0;("9(64/1$(P0#$4%Q
0::$04%(#"(6$("1$("9(#?$(9$P(":#/"1%(030/;06;$(#"(>/1/G v ."#$1#/0;(/>:07#%(94">(7"";/18(012(7">:4$%%/"1(%5%G
>/<$(4/%K%(@`0;;$840$9C(&XXZJ'(FL44$1#;5C(>/2G"7$01(60;G #$>%( L%$2( #"( ;/bL$95( 10#L40;( 80%( 0#( :4"2L7#/"1( %/#$%Q(
;0%#(P0#$4($=7?018$(012(?$0#(#4$0#>$1#(0::$04(#"(6$(#?$( 012
6$%#(":#/"1%(030/;06;$(9"4(>0108/18(60;;0%#(P0#$4C(012(1"( v ."#$1#/0;( 077/2$1#0;( 4$;$0%$( "9( .FW%( 94">( j?$0#$4(
%/81/9/701#(/>:07#%("9(60;;0%#(P0#$4(04$(K1"P1(#"("77L4(/1( #4$0#$4%l(L%$2(#"(64$0K(L:("/;UP0#$4($>L;%/"1%'
#?$(":$1("7$01%'

R,-'9%60)05,6
?7\$#ZZ,IULKQ$)fXOLKVJ1LM$VMT$/KLTWRJ1LM ,( 7">:4$?$1%/3$( ;/#$40#L4$( 4$3/$P( P0%( 7"12L7#$2( 65(
R%.-*5405,6#)67#,*5&56 .0#/1(@&XXXJ'(N?$(0L#?"4(bL"#$%("1$(%#L25(/12/70#/18(#?0#(
"99%?"4$( "/;( :4"2L7#/"1( 7"1#4/6L#$%( "1;5( "1$( :$47$1#( "9(
I"4;2P/2$( #?$4$( 04$( "3$4( YC[[[( "99%?"4$( "/;( 012( 80%(
7"1#0>/101#%( /1#"( #?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#C( #?"L8?( #?/%(
:;0#9"4>%'(!$04;5(SYc("9(#?$%$(:;0#9"4>%(04$(/1(#?$()L;9(

A:$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
P0%( ;/>/#$2( #"( 1$04%?"4$( 907/;/#/$%'( N"#0;( 2/%7?048$%( #"( 7"12L7#$2( "1( 0( 4$8L;04( 60%/%( #?0#( $%#/>0#$( /1:L#%( "9(
#?$(%$0(P$4$($%#/>0#$2(0#(Y(-#(54G&(@I/12">C(&XXMJ' 0( 304/$#5( "9( 4$;$301#( %L6%#017$%'( N?$( 2$84$$( #"( P?/7?(
#?$%$(/1:L#%(/>:07#("1(#?$(":$1("7$01(>L%#(6$($=#40:"G
N?$(!0#/"10;(^$%$047?(F"L17/;(@M[[OJ(:4"2L7$2(01($%#/G ;0#$2(94">(#?/%'(N?/%(>/8?#(6$(2"1$(65(01(010;5%/%("9(#?$(
>0#$(9"4(P"4;2P/2$(/1:L#%'(N"#0;(011L0;(/1:L#%("9("/;(94">( ;"70#/"1("9(#?$%$(907/;/#/$%(/1(4$;0#/"1(#"(#?$(2$9/1$2(":$1(
"99%?"4$("/;($=:;"40#/"1(012(:4"2L7#/"1(907/;/#/$%C(/17;L2/18( "7$01(60%/1%'
077/2$1#0;( %:/;;%C( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 2$:"%/#/"1( 012( :4"2L7$2(
P0#$4%C(P$4$($%#/>0#$2(#"(6$(OZ(K#'(N?$(:4":"4#/"1("9(#?/%( J,6-('.5,6.
4$;$0%$2(#"(#?$(":$1("7$01(P0%(1"#(%:$7/9/$2'
+/17$("99%?"4$("/;(012(80%(:4"2L7#/"1(;048$;5("77L4%(/1(
1$04%?"4$(P0#$4%("4(/1(2$$:$4(P0#$4%(#?0#(04$("L#%/2$(
A#(%?"L;2(6$(1"#$2(#?0#(0(;048$(077/2$1#0;(4$;$0%$("9("/;( #?$(%7":$("9(#?/%(%#L25(#?$(2/4$7#(/>:07#%("9(2/%7?048$%(
7"L;2( "77L4( 0#( 015( #/>$C( 4$;$0%/18( 7"1%/2$406;5( >"4$( "1( #?$( ,4%6# ,-%)6( 04$( ;/K$;5( #"( 6$( >/1/>0;'( N?$4$( /%C(
"/;(#?01(#?$($%#/>0#$2(OZ(K#(4$;$0%$2(#?4"L8?(:4"2L7$2( ?"P$3$4C(0;P05%(#?$(:"%%/6/;/#5(#?0#(0(;048$(70#0%#4":?/7(
P0#$4%'(D"4($=0>:;$C(/1(&XYXC(#?$(A=#"7(A(P$;;(6;"P"L#(/1( P$;;( 6;"P"L#( 0#( 01( "99%?"4$( 907/;/#5( 7"L;2( #$>:"404/;5(
#?$()L;9("9(-$=/7"(4$;$0%$2(01($%#/>0#$2(RY\(K#(#"11$%( />:07#(":$1("7$01(P0#$4%'(I/#?(#?$(>"4$(4$7$1#(>"3$(
"9("/;("3$4(#?$(7"L4%$("9(&[(>"1#?%' 9"4( "99%?"4$( "/;( $=:;"40#/"1( 012( :4"2L7#/"1( 07#/3/#/$%(
/1#"( /174$0%/18;5( 2$$:$4( P0#$4C( #?$4$( /%( #?$( :"%%/6/;/#5(
)*+,-.(@M[[YJC(L%/18(#?$(%0>$(077/2$1#0;(%:/;;(20#0G #?0#( #?$4$( >05( 6$( >"4$( 2/4$7#( />:07#%( "1( #?$( ":$1(
%$#( 0%( #?$( !^F( @02dL%#$2( %;/8?#;5( #"( /17;L2$( #?$( 5$04%( "7$01C( 0%( 2$9/1$2( /1( #?/%( %#L25'( +L7?( 2$$:$4( P0#$4(
&XZZ(i(&XXYJC(7"17;L2$2(#?0#(#?$4$(P0%(01(03$408$("9( 907/;/#/$%( ?03$( 6$$1( $%#06;/%?$2( /1( #?$( )L;9( "9( -$=/7"C(
&\CR[[( #"11$%( :$4( 5$04( "9( /1:L#%( "9( "/;( #"( #?$( >04/1$( 9"4($=0>:;$C(6L#(#?$%$(P0#$4%(P$4$(1"#(/17;L2$2(/1(#?$(
$13/4"1>$1#( 94">( "99%?"4$( "/;( 012( 80%( $=:;"40#/"1( %7":$("9(#?/%(%#L25'
012( :4"2L7#/"1( ":$40#/"1%'( ,77/2$1#0;( "/;( %:/;;%( 94">(
"99%?"4$( :;0#9"4>%( 022$2( 01( 022/#/"10;( \[[( #"11$%(
:$4( 5$04( /1( /1:L#%'( N?$( )*+,-.( %#L25( 7"17;L2$2( ?7H$.WSX1MN$ZKLS$4QIIQOI
#?0#( #?$4$( P$4$( 3/4#L0;;5( 1"( /1:L#%( 94">( 0#>"%:?$4/7( ,:04#(94">(#?$(?/%#"4/70;(2L>:/18(@012(7$4#0/1(077/2$1G
$>/%%/"1%( %/17$C( 077"42/18( #"( /19"4>0#/"1( 94">( #?$( #0;(;"%%$%J("9(402/"07#/3$(P0%#$%C(#?$(2L>:/18("9(P0%#$(
A1#$410#/"10;( ,%%"7/0#/"1( "9( B/;( 012( )0%( .4"2L7$4%( 0#( %$0C( P?$#?$4( "4( 1"#( 4$8L;0#$2( L12$4( #?$( 8;"60;( "4(
@B).JC( #?$( $=#407#/"1( 012( :4"7$%%/18( "9( "/;( "77L4%( /1( 4$8/"10;( 2L>:/18( 084$$>$1#%( /1( :;07$C( /%( >0/1;5( 704G
0(j7;"%$2(%5%#$>l'(,77/2$1#0;(012(":$40#/"10;(4$;$0%$%( 4/$2("L#(/1(7"0%#0;(P0#$4%(012(#?$4$9"4$(1"#(0224$%%$2(
94">(:/:$;/1$%(0%%"7/0#$2(P/#?("99%?"4$(07#/3/#/$%(022$2( /1(#?/%(4$:"4#'(
01(022/#/"10;(MCZ[[(#"11$%("9("/;(/1:L#%(011L0;;5C(>0KG
/18( #?$( #"#0;( /1:L#%( 94">( "99%?"4$( "/;( $=:;"40#/"1( 012(
+">$( 2L>:/18( 07#/3/#/$%( 04$( 7044/$2( "L#( /1( #?$( ":$1(
:4"2L7#/"1(06"L#(M[(K#(54G&'(N?/%(0>"L1#(7"44$%:"12%(#"(
"7$01%( /13";3/18( #?$( 2L>:/18( "9( %:"/;#( 7048"$%( 94">(
#?$(!^Fe%(>/1/>L>($%#/>0#$(@!^FC(M[[OJ'
%?/:%C(>"%#;5(>0#$4/0;%("9(10#L40;("4/8/1C(P?/7?(P"L;2(G(/1(
#$4>%("9(bL01#/#/$%(i(1"#(6$(4$8042$2(0%(1"4>0;(2/%7?048G
N?$( B+.,^( F">>/%%/"1( ?0%( 4$;$0%$2( 011L0;( 4$:"4#%( $%(L12$4(-,^.B_(YOUYZC(,11$=(a'(B1;5(3$45(9$P("9(#?$%$(
"1(2/%7?048$%C(%:/;;%(012($>/%%/"1%(94">("99%?"4$("/;(012( ":$40#/"1%( 04$( 7"3$4$2( L12$4( 0( 9"4>0;( :$4>/#( /%%L$2( /1(
80%(/1%#0;;0#/"1%(/1(#?$(!"4#?$0%#(,#;01#/7C(>"%#;5(/1(#?$( 077"42017$(P/#?(#?$(_"12"1(F"13$1#/"1("4(.4"#"7";C(6L#(
!"4#?(+$0(012(1"#(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01' /#( 701( 6$( 0%%L>$2( #?0#( >015( >"4$( "9( #?$%$( ":$40#/"1%(
04$(7044/$2("L#(L14$8L;0#$2(P?$1(/#(%L/#%(#?$(>0%#$4("4(#?$(
N?$(B).(?0%(:4"2L7$2(011L0;(4$:"4#%("1(#?$($13/4"1G "P1$4("9(0(%?/:'(I?$1(0(:$4>/#(/%(/%%L$2C(#?$(":$40#"4("9(
>$1#0;(:$49"4>017$("9(#?$("/;($=:;"40#/"1(012(:4"2L7#/"1( #?$(3$%%$;(/%(1"4>0;;5(4$bL/4$2(#"(7"12L7#(#?$(2L>:/18(/1(
/12L%#45'( N?$%$( 4$:"4#%( 4$3/$P( 560%*# )(5)( #?$( 80%$"L%( 2$$:(P0#$4%($1(4"L#$(#"(#?$(1$=#(:"4#("9(70;;'
$>/%%/"1%C( 0bL$"L%( 2/%7?048$%C( 2/%7?048$%( "9( 1"1G
0bL$"L%( 24/;;/18( 9;L/2%( @!,HDJ( "1( 7L##/18%C( 077/2$1#0;( D4">( &XR\( #"( &XZMC( ;"PG;$3$;( 402/"07#/3$( P0%#$%( P$4$(
%:/;;%("9("/;%(012(7?$>/70;%("1(0(P"4;2P/2$(012(4$8/"10;( 2L>:$2(0#(%$;$7#$2(%/#$%(/1(#?$()L;9("9(-$=/7"C(,#;01#/7(
60%/%'(B17$(080/1C(#?$(010;5%$%(;048$;5(/13";3$(907/;/#/$%( 012( .07/9/7( "7$01%'( N?$( 0>"L1#( "9( 402/"07#/3$( >0#$G
/1( ;"70#/"1%( "1%?"4$C( 1$04%?"4$( 012( /1( "99%?"4$( 04$0%( 4/0;(2L>:$2(0#(%$0(/%(>L7?(;$%%(#?01(#?0#(022$2(#"(#?$(
1"#(P/#?/1(#?$(%7":$("9(#?$(7L44$1#(4$3/$P'(B#?$4(/1:L#%( "7$01%( 0%( 0( 4$%L;#( "9( 0#>"%:?$4/7( 1L7;$04( P$0:"1%(
$%#/>0#$2( 011L0;;5( /17;L2$T( FBMC( F`RC( 1"1G>$#?017$( #$%#/18( 6$#P$$1( &XSR( 012( &X\M( @)*+,-.C( &XX[J'(N?$(
aBF%C(+BMC(!B=C(":$40#/"10;("/;(2/%7?048$2(/1(:4"2L7$2( :407#/7$( "9( 2L>:/18( ;"PG;$3$;( P0%#$%( P0%( 2/%7"1#/1L$2(
P0#$4C("/;(%:/;;%C(012(7?$>/70;(%:/;;%' /1(&XZM(/1(077"42017$(P/#?(0(^$%";L#/"1("9(#?$(_"12"1(
F"13$1#/"1(@&XYMJ'(
87%I')-E#,/#(50%*)0'*%#)67#.5&65/5-)6-%#,/#
56/,*9)05,6#&)4. HL>:/18( "9( ;"PG;$3$;( 402/"07#/3$( P0%#$( /1( #?$( ,#;01#/7C(
N?$4$( 04$( 0( %L99/7/$1#( 1L>6$4( "9( 4/8"4"L%( 0%%$%%>$1#%( .07/9/7( 012( ,47#/7( "7$01%( @,47#/7( /17;L2$%( ?/8?G;$3$;(
"9( />:07#%( "9( "/;( 012( 80%( $=:;"40#/"1( 012( :4"2L7#/"1( P0%#$J(/%(0224$%%$2(65(#?$(9";;"P/18(4$:"4#%T

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(A?
v A,*,C(&XX&'(A13$1#"45("9(402/"07#/3$(>0#$4/0;($1#$4/18(
#?$( >04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#T( %$0( 2/%:"%0;( "9( 402/"07#/3$(
P0%#$'(A,*,(N$72"7(SZZ'
v A,*,C( &XXX'(,::;/70#/"1( "9( 402/";"8/70;( $=7;L%/"1( 012(
$=$>:#/"1( :4/17/:;$%( #"( %$0( 2/%:"%0;C( A,*,( N$72"7(
&[\Z'
v A,*,C( &XXX'( ^02/"07#/3/#5( /1( #?$( ,47#/7( +$0%C( A,*,(
N$72"7(&[YS'
v A,*,C( &XXX'( A13$1#"45( "9( 402/"07#/3$( P0%#$( 2/%:"%0;%(
0#(%$0C(A,*,(N$72"7(&&[S'
v B*FHG!*,C(&XZS'(^$3/$P("9(#?$(7"1#/1L$2(%L/#06/;/#5(
"9(#?$(2L>:/18(%/#$(9"4(402/"07#/3$(P0%#$(/1(#?$(!"4#?G
*0%#(,#;01#/7'(!L7;$04(*1$485(,8$175C(B*FHC(.04/%'
v B*FHG!*,C(&XZX'(A1#$4/>("7$01"840:?/7(2$%74/:#/"1(
"9(#?$(!"4#?G*0%#(,#;01#/7(%/#$(9"4(#?$(2/%:"%0;("9(;"PG
;$3$;(402/"07#/3$(P0%#$'

,77/2$1#0;(;"%%$%T
v A,*,C(M[[&'(A13$1#"45("9(077/2$1#%(012(;"%%$%(/13";3G
/18(402/"07#/3$(>0#$4/0;C(A,*,(N$72"7(&MRM'

N?$( 9/4%#( 70#$8"45( /17;L2$%( ":$1( 012( 7"3$4#( :407#/%$%(

65(/12/3/2L0;(10#/"1(%#0#$%C(0%(P$;;(0%(:407#/7$%(7044/$2(
"L#(L12$4(/1#$410#/"10;(0L%:/7$%'(N?$(%$7"12(70#$8"45(
/17;L2$%( ;"%%$%( "9( %$0;$2( %"L47$%( @L%$2( /1( "99%?"4$(
$=:;"40#/"1JC( 1L7;$04G:"P$4$2( %L6>04/1$%C( 012( %L6G
>04/1$%( 012( 0/47409#( 7"1#0/1/18( 1L7;$04( P04?$02%'(,%(
>015( "9( #?$( 402/"1L7;/2$%( /13";3$2( ?03$( 3$45( ;"18(
?0;9G;/3$%C( 04$( :4$%$1#( /1( 4$;0#/3$;5( ;048$( bL01#/#/$%(
012( 04$( "9( 402/";"8/70;( 7"17$41C( #?$%$( %?"L;2( 6$( 7"1G
%/2$4$2( 0%( :"#$1#/0;( %"L47$%( "9( ?04>( #"( #?$( $7"%5%G
#$>C(9";;"P/18(7L44$1#(AF^.(@A1#$410#/"10;(F">>/%%/"1(
"1( ^02/";"8/70;( .4"#$7#/"1J( 0::4"07?$%( #"( $%#/>0#/18(
$99$7#%("1(1"1G?L>01%'(

AA$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
A$ "
$ &22)5*$#%$*/)+!&>$+#(+)5($%#5$2<)$5)B'>&5$
/5#+)**
A79$5QRLSSQMTVJ1LMI$ZLK$"LM1JLK1MN$ B7$01C( F01045( A%;012%( @*+NBFJ( %?"L;2( 6$( :4">"#$2(
!MXWJI$JL$JUQ$#XQM$#RQVM 012(%/>/;04(%/#$%($%#06;/%?$2(/1("#?$4("7$01(60%/1%'

I$(?03$(/2$1#/9/$2(#P"(04$0%(P?$4$(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#%(
#"( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( 04$( "9( %/81/9/701#( 7"17$41T( 7?018$%( A7:$+VK[LM$+VXJWKQ$VMT$*JLKVNQ$`++*^$1M$
/1( $7"%5%#$>( 9L17#/"1( 70L%$2( 65( 1/#4"8$1( /1:L#%( 012( JUQ$#XQM$LRQVMI
"7$01( 07/2/9/70#/"1( 04/%/18( >"%#;5( 94">( FBM( /1:L#%'( I$(
7"1%/2$4(#?0#(#?$%$(/1:L#%(P"L;2(1$$2(#"(6$(0224$%%$2( A.FF( @M[[SJ( :4"3/2$2( 0( 7">:4$?$1%/3$( 4$:"4#( "1( FBM(
2/4$7#;5(65(;"18G#$4>(%L%#0/1$2("6%$430#/"1(:4"840>>$%( 70:#L4$( 012( %#"408$( @FF+JQ( "7$01( %#"408$( P0%( >0/1;5(
L12$4(#?$(4$8L;04(:4"7$%%(/1("42$4(#"(0%%$%%(#?$/4(/>:07#( 9"7L%$2( "1( 2$$:P0#$4( ":$1( %#"408$( "9( ;/bL/2( FBM'(
"1(#?$(8;"60;(":$1("7$01' B1$( "9( #?$( FF+( 0%:$7#%( 1"#( 7"3$4$2( P0%( #?$( 04#/9/7/0;(
9$4#/;/<0#/"1( "9( #?$( "7$01%'( A1( 4$7$1#( 5$04%C( %$3$40;(
$=:$4/>$1#0;( 0##$>:#%( ?03$( 6$$1( >02$( #"( 9$4#/;/<$( #?$(
!/#4"8$1( /1:L#%( #"( #?$( ":$1( "7$01( "77L4( :4/>04/;5( 3/0(
"7$01%(P/#?(1L#4/$1#%(%L7?(0%(/4"1(012(1/#4"8$1(/1("42$4(
245(2$:"%/#/"1("9(0$4"%";%(012(3/0(40/190;;'(I$(7"1%/2$4(
#"( %#/>L;0#$( 0;80;( 84"P#?( 012( 240P( 2"P1( FBM( 94">(
#?0#(7";;$7#/"1("9(0$4"%";(012(40/190;;(%0>:;$%("1(0(4"LG
#?$( 0#>"%:?$4$'( N?/%( /%( 6$/18( %$4/"L%;5( 7"1%/2$4$2( 65(
#/1$(60%/%(701("1;5(6$(2"1$(%0#/%907#"4/;5(0#(;012G60%$2(
%">$(0%(0(7">>$47/0;(P05("9(80/1/18(7046"1(74$2/#%(/1(
@/%;012J( %#0#/"1%C( 012( $3$1( #?$1( 2$3$;":>$1#( P"4K( P/;;(
*>/%%/"1%(N402/18(+7?$>$%'()*+,-.(x(#?$(+7/$1#/9/7(
6$(1$7$%%045(#"($1%L4$(02$bL0#$(20#0(bL0;/#5(9"4(40/190;;(
F">>/##$$("1(B7$01(^$%$047?(@+FB^J(4$7$1#;5(1"#$2(
%0>:;/18'(B:$40#/"1("9(0#(;$0%#("1$(/%;012(%0>:;/18(%/#$(
/1(0(d"/1#(%#0#$>$1#(#?0#(j.4":"%0;%(#"(4$0;/<$(#?$(:"#$1G
/1( $07?( "9( #?$( 1"4#?( 012( %"L#?( 60%/1%( "9( #?$( ,#;01#/7C(
#/0;( "9( "7$01( 9$4#/;/<0#/"1( "1( %L7?( %70;$%( %L99$4( 0( >0d"4(
.07/9/7( 012( A12/01( B7$01%( P/;;( 6$( 1$7$%%045'( N?$%$(
P$0K1$%%T("1$(2"$%(1"#(K1"P(?"P(#?$("7$01/7($7"%5%G
/%;012(%/#$%(P/;;(:4"3/2$(60%$;/1$(/19"4>0#/"1("1(#$>:"40;(
#$>( P/;;( 4$%:"12l'( N?$( $99/7075( "9( %L7?( 0::4"07?$%( /%(
304/06/;/#5(/1(1/#4"8$1(/1:L#%C(P?/7?(/%($%%$1#/0;(/9(#4$12%(
L1K1"P1(012(8/3$1(#?$(%70;$("9(#?$(FBM(:4"6;$>C(P?$4$(
/1(/1:L#%(04$(#"(6$(/2$1#/9/$2'(N?/%(/19"4>0#/"1(P/;;(1$$2(
A*,($%#/>0#$%( #?0#(70'(M\( )#U5("9(FBM(@Y'&(.8(F(U54J(/%(
#"( 6$( 0L8>$1#$2( 65( >"4$( "770%/"10;C( #048$#$2( L%$( "9(
6$/18(:4"2L7$2(8;"60;;5(012(:4$2/7#%(#?0#(#?/%(>05(4/%$(
%?/:G60%$2( %0>:;/18C( :"%%/6;5( 94">( 3";L1#$$4( "6%$43G
#"( pOX( )#U5( FBM( @&['\( .8( FU54J( 65( M[O[C( %L7?( $99"4#%(
/18(%?/:%C(/1("42$4(#"(0%%$%%(#?$(8$"840:?/7(304/0#/"1(/1(
P"L;2( ?03$( #"( 6$( #4L;5( >0%%/3$( #"( :L#( 0( 2$1#( /1( P"4;2(
1/#4"8$1(/1:L#%'
FBM($>/%%/"1%'(N?$(7"1%$bL$17$%(9"4(#?$("7$01%C(94">(
P?/7?$3$4(%#"408$(>$#?"2(>05(6$(L#/;/<$2C(1$$2(704$9L;(
N?$4$( 04$( "1G8"/18( :4"840>>$%( 07bL/4/18( 20#0( "1( #?$( 7"1%/2$40#/"1( P/#?( 4$8042( #"( $13/4"1>$1#0;( $99$7#%( 012(
:04#/0;(:4$%%L4$("9(FBM(@:FBMJ(/1(%L4907$("7$01(P0#$4%( %L%#0/106/;/#5'(^$%$047?("1(#$7?1";"8/$%(9"4(%L6G%$06$2(
#?4"L8?( #?$( L%$( "9( 3";L1#$$4( "6%$43/18( %?/:%'( N?$%$( %#"408$( /%( :4"7$$2/18( /1( 0( 1L>6$4( "9( 7"L1#4/$%( 012C(
04$( 0;4$025( >0K/18( 01( />:"4#01#( 7"1#4/6L#/"1( #"( "L4( 0;#?"L8?( 7$4#0/1( 8$";"8/70;( 9"4>0#/"1%( 0::$04( #"( ?03$(
L12$4%#012/18("9(?"P(FBM($1#$4%(#?$("7$01%'()*+,-.( :"#$1#/0;( 9"4( %09$C( ;"18G#$4>( %#"408$( "9( FBMC( 7"17$41%(
7"1%/2$4%( #?0#( #?$( ^$8L;04( .4"7$%%( %?"L;2( %$43$( 0%( 0( 4$>0/1("3$4(#?$(4/%K%("9(;$0K08$%(94">(%L7?(907/;/#/$%'
70#0;5%#( #"( >0/1#0/1( #?$%$( :4"840>>$%( 012( /9( :"%%/6;$(
$17"L408$( #?$>( #"( $=:012( /1#"( "7$01( 4$8/"1%( 1"#( 7L4G
4$1#;5( 7"3$4$2C( %L7?( 0%( #?$( #?$( +"L#?( .07/9/7( B7$01C(
#?$(A12/01(B7$01(012(#?$(+"L#?(,#;01#/7'(,%%$%%>$1#("9(
"7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(P/;;(4$bL/4$(#?0#(0(%$7"12(:040>$#$4(
"9(#?$(2/%%";3$2(7046"10#$(%5%#$>(@#"#0;(2/%%";3$2(/1"4G
801/7(7046"1C(#"#0;(0;K0;/1/#5("4(:`J(6$(2$#$4>/1$2(7"1G
7L44$1#;5(P/#?(:FBM'(FL44$1#;5(030/;06;$(/1%#4L>$1#0#/"1(
9"4(#?/%(%$7"12(:040>$#$4(/%(1"#(%L/#06;$(9"4(0L#"1">"L%(
2$:;"5>$1#( "1( 3";L1#$$4( "6%$43/18( %?/:%C( %"( 2$3$;":G
>$1#( P"4K( "1( #?/%( /1%#4L>$1#0#/"1( /%( 4$bL/4$2'( N?$(
^$8L;04( .4"7$%%( %?"L;2( 0;%"( $17"L408$( #?$( 7"1#/1L0G
#/"1( "9( :4"840>>$%C( %L7?( 0%( #?$( F"1#/1L"L%( .;01K#"1(
^$7"42$4( @F.^J( %L43$5( 012( #?$( ;"18G#$4>( >/74"6/"G
;"8/70;( %0>:;/18( 0#( #/>$( %$4/$%( %/#$%C( $'8'( #?$( W$4>L20(
,#;01#/7( N/>$G+$4/$%( @W,N+J( 012( `0P0//( B7$01( N/>$G
+$4/$%(@`BNJC(P?/7?(?03$(#?$(:"#$1#/0;(#"(/2$1#/95(%?/9#%(
/1( >04/1$( $7"%5%#$>( 9L17#/"1'( +/>/;04;5C( #?$( ;"18G#$4>(
%$0P0#$4( FBM( 012U"4( :`( 4$7"42%( $%#06;/%?$2( 0#( W,N+C(
`BN( 012( #?$( *L4":$01( +#0#/"1( "9( N/>$( +$4/$%( /1( #?$(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(AC
C$$+#(+>'*!#(*

C79$&IIQIISQMJ$OVMTIRVXQ$ZLK$JUQ$LRQVMI >$1#0;( 7">:04#>$1#%( @P0#$4C( #/%%L$%( 012( %$2/>$1#%JC(

04$(%7047$'(B3$40;;C(#?$(/19"4>0#/"1(60%$(/%(84$0#$%#(9"4(
!"(7">:4$?$1%/3$(0%%$%%>$1#%(9"7L%/18(%:$7/9/70;;5("1(
#?$(,#;01#/7(B7$01(012(;$0%#(9"4(#?$(A12/01(B7$01'(N?$(
#?$(":$1("7$01%C("4(/12/3/2L0;("7$01(60%/1%C(?03$(6$$1(
$99$7#%("9(7"1#0>/101#%(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01(?03$(%$;2">(
L12$4#0K$1(#"(20#$'(N?$4$(04$(%$3$40;(:"%%/6;$(4$0%"1%(
6$$1(%#L2/$2(012(?03$(1"#(6$$1(0(9"7L%("9(#?/%(4$3/$P'(
9"4( #?/%'( A#( 4$9;$7#%( 0( 6$;/$9( #?0#( #?$( "7$01%( 04$( 1"#( 0%(
%$3$4$;5( 099$7#$2( 65( ?L>01( 07#/3/#/$%( 0%( #?$( >048/10;(
%$0%(0%(P$;;(0%(#?$(4$;0#/3$(:0L7/#5("9(20#0("1(#?$("7$01%( C7A$&TQ_WVRP$LZ$]MLYOQTNQ
/1( 7">:04/%"1( #"( 1$04G%?"4$( 04$0%'( A#( 7"L;2( 0;%"( 6$( 0(
4$7"81/#/"1("9(#?$($13/4"1>$1#0;(2/3$4%/#5(012(304/06/;/#5( A1( 7">:04/%"1( #"( %?$;9( 04$0%C( #?$( 0>"L1#( "9( /19"4>0G
"9(#?$("7$01%C(#?$(2/99/7L;#/$%("9(077$%%("4(#?$(06%$17$( #/"1( 4$8042/18( 7"1#0>/10#/"1( 012U"4( :";;L#/"1( "9( #?$(
"9(01(/1#$410#/"10;(>"1/#"4/18(940>$P"4K(9"4(0%%$%%>$1#( ":$1( "7$01%( /%( %>0;;'( !$3$4#?$;$%%C( 01( 010;5%/%( "9( #?$(
:L4:"%$%'((N?$(%0>$(%/#L0#/"1(0::;/$%(/1(#?$(70%$("9(:";G 8$"840:?/70;(7"3$408$C(4$;/06/;/#5(012(4$;$3017$("9(7"1G
;L#/"1(i(1"(0%%$%%>$1#%("9(#?$(304/"L%(9"4>%("9(:";;L#/"1( #0>/101#( 20#0( "6#0/1$2( 94">( #?$( ":$1( "7$01%( #"( 20#$C(
65(%L6%#017$%(012(P0%#$%C(7"3$4/18(;048$(04$0%("9(#?$( 7">6/1$2( P/#?( 01( $=0>/10#/"1( "9( %0>:;/18( >$#?"2%C(
":$1("7$01C(?03$(6$$1(7044/$2("L#(%"(904'(N?$(:4$%$1#( %0>:;/18( 4$8L;04/#5( 012( #?$( 8$1$40;( ;$3$;( "9( K1"P;$28$(
4$:"4#C( #?$4$9"4$C( $>6407$%( #?$>0#/7( 0%%$%%>$1#%( 012( "1(#?$($99$7#%("9(#?$(7"1#0>/101#%C(%L88$%#%(#?0#(9"4(>"%#(
4$3/$P%(0%(P$;;(0%(4$;$301#(4$%$047?(:0:$4%'( %L6%#017$%(#?$(/19"4>0#/"1(/%(02$bL0#$(9"4(0%%$%%>$1#(
:L4:"%$%'(,:04#(94">(1"/%$C(#?$(02$bL075("9(/19"4>0#/"1(
/%( 7"1%/2$4$2( $/#?$4( h>"2$40#$e( "4( h8""2e'( N?/%( 0::04G
C7:$5QOQDVMRQ$LZ$JUQ$KQXLKJ $1#( 7"1#402/7#/"1( %#$>%( 94">( #?$( 8$1$40;;5( ;"P( ;$3$;( "9(
7"1#0>/101#( /1:L#%( #"( #?$( "7$01%( /1( 7">:04/%"1( #"( #?$(
N?/%( 4$3/$P( "9( #?$( %7/$1#/9/7( ;/#$40#L4$( 7"17$41/18( :";;LG
%?$;3$%C( #?$( 30%#1$%%( "9( #?$( "7$01%( 012( K1"P;$28$(
#/"1("9(#?$(":$1("7$01%(#?4"L8?(%?/::/18(012(#?$(0#>"G
"9( #?$( $99$7#%( "9( 7"1#0>/101#%( 60%$2( "1( #?$/4( /1#4/1%/7(
%:?$4$(?0%(:4"3/2$2(01(/1%/8?#(/1#"(#?$(%7":$C(%70;$(012(
:4":$4#/$%C( $7"G#"=/7";"8/70;( :4"9/;$%( @/17;L2/18( 2"%$U
4$;$3017$( "9( :0%#( P"4K( /1( #?/%( 9/$;2'( .04#/7L;04( 0##$1#/"1(
$99$7#( 4$;0#/"1%?/:%J( 012( K1"P;$28$( "9( #?$/4( />:07#%( /1(
?0%( 6$$1( 8/3$1( #"( :L6;/70#/"1%( 7"1#0/1/18( 20#0( 012(
"#?$4(0bL0#/7($13/4"1>$1#%'(F;$04;5C(>"4$(/19"4>0#/"1(/%(
/19"4>0#/"1(#?0#(P"L;2(>0K$(01(/>:"4#01#(7"1#4/6L#/"1(#"(
4$bL/4$2( "1( :$4%/%#$1#( "4801/7( 7">:"L12%( #?0#( ?03$( 0(
0%%$%%>$1#%("9(#?$("7$01($13/4"1>$1#(/'$'(%#0#$("9(#?$(
:4":$1%/#5( 9"4( 077L>L;0#/"1( /1( 9""2( 7?0/1%'( A1%L99/7/$1#(
"7$01%(4$:"4#%'(N?$(:L6;/70#/"1%(2$0;(560%*#)(5)#P/#?(7"1G
/19"4>0#/"1( /%( 030/;06;$( "1( #?$( $99$7#%( "9( 1"/%$( /1( #?$(
#0>/101#(%"L47$%C(/1:L#(9;L=$%C(0/4U%$0($=7?018$%C(%:0G
"7$01( $13/4"1>$1#( "1( 7$#07$01%( 012( "#?$4( >04/1$(
#/0;( 2/%#4/6L#/"1%C( 0>6/$1#( 7"17$1#40#/"1%( 012C( /1( >015(
"4801/%>%'( ,;#?"L8?( #?$( />:07#%( "9( $=/%#/18( ;$3$;%( "9(
/1%#017$%C( #?$/4( $13/4"1>$1#0;( 4$;$3017$'( N?$( 4$:"4#(
>015(7"1#0>/101#%(04$(7"1%/2$4$2(>/1/>0;C(/#(>05(6$(0(
/17;L2$%(#?$>0#/7(6/6;/"840:?/$%(P/#?("3$4(M[[(%$;$7#$2(
4$bL/4$>$1#("9(0%%$%%>$1#%(#"(9";;"P(#4$12%("3$4(#/>$'(
4$9$4$17$%'(A#(:4"3/2$%(0(L%$9L;(60%/%(9"4(/2$1#/95/18(/19"4G
D"4( #?/%( 4$0%"1C( >"4$( 4$8L;04( >$0%L4$>$1#%( @"4( $%#/G
>0#/"1( 80:%( #?0#( >05( /1?/6/#( "7$01( 0%%$%%>$1#%( 012(
>0#$%J(P/;;(6$(1$$2$2(9"4(#?$(>0d"4/#5("9(7"1#0>/101#%'(
%?"L;2( ?$;:( /1( 2$#$4>/1/18( :4/"4/#/$%( 9"4( 9L#L4$( 4$%$047?(
012(>"1/#"4/18'(
C7C$'IQ$LZ$JQSXOVJQI$ZLK$QDVOWVJ1MN$VI,
IQIISQMJ$O1JQKVJWKQ
C7?$*JVJWI$LZ$]MLYOQTNQ
N?$( %#4L7#L4$( "9( #?$( #$>:;0#$( 2$3$;":$2( 9"4( #?$(
H$%:/#$( ;/>/#$2( 8$"840:?/7( 7"3$408$C( 9"4( >"%#( "9( #?$(
,%%$%%>$1#( "9( ,%%$%%>$1#%( :4"3$2( L1%L/#06;$( 9"4(
>0d"4(7"1#0>/101#(7;0%%$%(@$=7;L2/18(1"/%$J(0%%"7/0#$2(
$30;L0#/18(%#L2/$%(1"#(%:$7/9/70;;5(2$%/81$2(0%($13/4"1G
P/#?( %?/::/18( 012( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$( #?$4$( /%( %L99/7/$1#(
>$1#0;( 0%%$%%>$1#%'( -015( "9( #?$( bL$%#/"1%( 4$;0#/18(
K1"P;$28$( #"( 5/$;2( 4$0%"106;$( $%#/>0#$%( "9( bL01#/#/$%(
#"( /1%#/#L#/"10;( 044018$>$1#%( 7"L;2( 1"#( 6$( 01%P$4$2(
$1#$4/18( #?$( "7$01%( 012U"4( /12/3/2L0;( "7$01( 60%/1%'(
%0#/%907#"4/;5(P/#?"L#(7"1%L;#/18(#?$(0L#?"4%("4(/1%#/#L#$%(
A1( 7"1#40%#C( /19"4>0#/"1( "1( #?$( $=#$1#( "9( 7"1#0>/10#/"1(
4$%:"1%/6;$Q(#?/%(P0%(1"#(:"%%/6;$(/1(#?$(#/>$(030/;06;$'(
65( :$4%/%#$1#( "4801/7( 7">:"L12%( @.B.%J( /%( 0;>"%#(
A1( #?$( 70%$( "9( 4$%$047?( :0:$4%C( #?$( 4$0%"1%( 9"4( %$;$7#G
$1#/4$;5( ;07K/18'( F;$04;5( #?$( 077L4075( "9( $%#/>0#$%( >05(
/18( :04#/7L;04( #":/7%C( ;"70#/"1%( 012( 2$%/81%( i( 0%:$7#%(
3045(2$:$12/18("1(P?$#?$4(#?$5(%#$>(94">(2/4$7#(>$0G
$=:;"4$2(65(#?$(#$>:;0#$(i(P$4$(8$1$40;;5(1"#(%:$7/9/$2'(
%L4$>$1#%C( >"2$;;/18( "4( 20#0( #?0#( 04$C( /1( #?$>%$;3$%C(
-015( %#L2/$%( 04$( 7"1#/1L0#/"1%( "4( $=#$1%/"1%( "9( :4$3/G
$%#/>0#$%'(N?$(;0##$4(04$("9#$1(#?$("1;5(9/8L4$%(030/;06;$(
"L%(4$%$047?(/1(K$$:/18(P/#?(#?$(/1#$4$%#%(012($=:$4#/%$(
9"4( 7"1#0>/101#%( %L7?( 0%( "/;( 94">( %:/;;08$%C( ":$40G
"9(#?$(0L#?"4%(@012U"4(/1%#/#L#$%J(/13";3$2'( W$70L%$( #?$(
#/"10;( 2/%7?048$%( 012( %$$:%C( 012( $=?0L%#( $>/%%/"1%(
#$>:;0#$(P0%(1"#(7"17$41$2(P/#?(#?$("L#7">$("9(%#L2/$%C(
94">( %?/:%'( A1( 0;>"%#( 0;;( 70%$%( /19"4>0#/"1( "1( 0>6/$1#(
/#(P0%(1"#(:"%%/6;$(#"(077L40#$;5(4$9;$7#(#?$(4$;$3017$("4(
7"17$1#40#/"1%(/1(#?$(":$1("7$01%C(/1(2/99$4$1#($13/4"1G

A8$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
/>:"4#017$("9(0(:L6;/70#/"1(/1(#?$(7"1#$=#("9($13/4"1>$1G %7/$1#/9/7( 4$%$047?( 012( >"1/#"4/18( /1#$12$2( #"( :4"3/2$(
#0;(0%%$%%>$1#'(N?$%$(/%%L$%(P/;;(1$$2(#"(6$(0224$%%$2( /19"4>0#/"1( 9"4( 0%%$%%>$1#( :L4:"%$%'( ,( >"4$( :4$7/%$(
/1( #?$( 2$%/81( "9( 015( 9L#L4$( ,",( /1/#/0#/3$%( #?0#( $>:;"5( 2$9/1/#/"1( "9( )..%..9%60( 9"4( L%$( /1( 2$3$;":/18( #?$(
bL$%#/"110/4$%(/1(#$>:;0#$(9"4>0#' 4$8L;04(:4"7$%%(P"L;2(84$0#;5(907/;/#0#$(#?$(/2$1#/9/70#/"1(
"9( 4$;$301#( ;/#$40#L4$( 0%( P$;;( 0%( #?$( >"%#( 0::4":4/0#$(
>$#?"2";"8/$%(9"4(L%$(/1(20#0(7";;$7#/"1(012($30;L0#/"1'(
C78$BVXI$1M$1MZLKSVJ1LM A1(#?/%(P05C(/#(%?"L;2(0;%"(?$;:(#"(/>:4"3$(#?$(:4$7/%/"1(
A2$1#/95/18( 80:%( /1( /19"4>0#/"1( 9"4( :L4:"%$%( "9( "7$01( 012( 30;/2/#5( "9( 20#0( 0224$%%/18( /2$1#/9/$2( :4/"4/#/$%( 012(
0%%$%%>$1#( /%( :4"6;$>0#/7'( D"4( #?$( >0d"4/#5( "9( K1"P1( /19"4>0#/"1(80:%'(
7"1#0>/101#%C( #?$( #$>:"40;( 012( %:0#/0;( 7"3$408$( "9(
":$1( "7$01( 20#0( /%( L1$3$1( 012( %:04%$'( N?/%( 701( 6$(
C7@$$$"VJJQKI$LZ$IXQR1VO$RLMRQKM
$=:$7#$2( /1( 3/$P( "9( #?$( ;048$( %:0#/0;( %70;$%( /13";3$2'(
!$3$4#?$;$%%C( 9"4( >015( 7"1#0>/101#%( #?$( $=/%#/18( 20#0( -0##$4%(#?0#(P04401#(?/8?(:4/"4/#5(P/#?/1(#?$(4$8L;04(:4"G
7"3$408$( /%( %L99/7/$1#( #"( %?"P( #?$( ;/K$;5( $=#$1#( "9( 7"1G 7$%%( 04$( 0#>"%:?$4/7( /1:L#%( "9( 1/#4"8$1( 012( FBM( 012(
#0>/10#/"1(012(#?/%C(7">6/1$2(P/#?(01(L12$4%#012/18("9( #?$/4(:"%%/6;$(4";$%(/1($7"%5%#$>(9L17#/"1(012(07/2/9/70G
#?$(/1#4/1%/7(:4":$4#/$%("9(#?$(%L6%#017$%C(>05(:4"3/2$(0( #/"1( 4$%:$7#/3$;5'( FL44$1#( :4"840>>$%( 9"4( >"1/#"4/18(
8""2(/12/70#/"1("9(#?$($13/4"1>$1#0;(012(?L>01(?$0;#?( #?$%$( /1:L#%C( 0%( P$;;( 0%( :4"840>>$%( #?0#( >05( 2$#$7#(
%/81/9/7017$("9(7L44$1#(/1:L#%(012(7"17$1#40#/"1%'(N?/%(/%( 0%%"7/0#$2( $7"%5%#$>( 7?018$%( 012( 4$%:"1%$%( @.%%#
7$4#0/1;5(#?$(70%$(9"4(>$#0;%(012(1L#4/$1#%(6L#(;$%%(%"(9"4( :%-05,6# KC^CMJC( %?"L;2( 6$( 7"1#/1L$2( 012C( P?$4$( 1$7G
>"%#("4801/7(7?$>/70;%("9(01#?4":"8$1/7("4/8/1'(F$4#0/1( $%%045C( $=:012$2'( N?$( 4$8L;04( :4"7$%%( %?"L;2( 0;%"(
"7$01( 60%/1%( $'8'( #?$( !"4#?( ,#;01#/7( ?03$( 6$$1( >"4$( #0K$( /1#"( 077"L1#( 2$3$;":>$1#%( /1( #?$( 9/$;2( "9( 7046"1(
$=#$1%/3$;5( %#L2/$2( 9"4( 0( 4018$( "9( 7"1#0>/101#%( #?01( 70:#L4$(012(%#"408$(@FF+JC(/1(:04#/7L;04(#?$(:4":"%$2(
"#?$4%'( N?$4$( P"L;2( L12"L6#$2;5( 6$( 02301#08$%C( 94">( L%$("9(/4"1(012(1/#4"8$1(#"(9$4#/;/<$(#?$("7$01%C(#?$4$65(
6"#?(%7/$1#/9/7(012(>0108$4/0;(%#012:"/1#%C(#"(/>:4"3$2( %#/>L;0#/18( 0;80;( 84"P#?( 012( 240P/18( 2"P1( FBM( 94">(
%:0#/0;(7"3$408$(/1(%">$("7$01(60%/1%'(+/>/;04;5C(P?$4$( #?$( 0#>"%:?$4$'( N?$( $99/7075( "9( %L7?( 0::4"07?$%( /%(
#?$4$(04$(8""2(4$0%"1%(#"(9";;"P(#4$12%(/1(7"1#0>/10#/"1C( L1K1"P1'( !$3$4#?$;$%%C( 015( ;048$( "4( >$%"G%70;$( :4"G
>"4$( 4$8L;04( %0>:;/18( >05( 6$( 4$bL/4$2'( )*+,-.e%( 840>>$%( "9( #?/%( K/12C( $3$1( "1( 01( $=:$4/>$1#0;( 60%/%C(
023/7$(7"17$41/18(:4/"4/#5(20#0(80:%(/%(8/3$1(L12$4(#?$( P/;;(4$bL/4$(7;"%$(%74L#/15(P/#?(4$8042(#"($13/4"1>$1#0;(
/12/3/2L0;(7"1#0>/101#(?$02/18%(/1(F?0:#$4(O' $99$7#%(012(%L%#0/106/;/#5'

C7\$GQIJ$XKVRJ1RQ
,1( "6d$7#/3$( "9( #?$( ,%%$%%>$1#( "9( ,%%$%%>$1#%( P0%(
#"( /2$1#/95( $=0>:;$%( "9( 3%.0# 4*)-05-%( /1( #?$( 7"1#$=#( "9(
>04/1$( $13/4"1>$1#0;( 0%%$%%>$1#'( N?$( N0%K( N$0>( 9$;#(
#?0#( 9L4#?$4( 8L/2017$( P/#?( 4$8042( #"( #?$( >$01/18( "9(
3%.0# 4*)-05-%$ P0%( 1$7$%%045( 6$9"4$( #?/%( >0##$4( 7"L;2(
6$( %5%#$>0#/70;;5( 0224$%%$2'( D"4( $=0>:;$C( #?$( #$4>(
7"L;2(6$(0::;/$2(#"(#?$(7"12L7#("9(0%%$%%>$1#%(@2$%/81C(
7"G"42/10#/"1C( $30;L0#/"1( $#7'JC( #"( #?$( %$;$7#/"1( "9( :04G
#/7L;04(>$#?"2";"8/$%(@%0>:;/18C(010;5%/%C(bL0;/#5(0%%L4G
017$( $#7'J( "4( 6"#?'( F;$04;5C( #?$4$( /%( 1"( $=:$4/$17$( P/#?(
4$8042( #"( #?$( 9"4>$4( /1( #?$( 4$0;>( "9( #?$( ":$1( "7$01%'(
I/#?( 4$8042( #"( >$#?"2";"8/$%C( ?"P$3$4C( >"%#( "9( #?$(
:L6;/70#/"1%( %$;$7#$2( 9"4( 4$3/$PC( 010;5%$2( 65( >$01%(
"9( #$>:;0#$%( 012( ;/%#$2( /1( #?$( 6/6;/"840:?/$%C( 2$%74/6$(
>$#?"2";"8/$%(#?0#(04$(7"1%/2$4$2(#?4"L8?(:$$4(4$3/$P(
#"(6$(%L/#06;$(9"4(#?$(:L4:"%$%(/1#$12$2'(!$3$4#?$;$%%C(
>$#?"2";"8/$%(#$12(#"(6$(%L6d$7#(#"(7"1#/1L"L%(/>:4"3$G
>$1#(012($3";3$(#?4"L8?(#/>$'(

C7H$.QZ1M1J1LM$LZ$!""#""$#%&
N?$(N0%K(N$0>(0;%"(4$7">>$12%(9L4#?$4(7"1%/2$40#/"1(
"9(#?$(2$9/1/#/"1("9()..%..9%60(/1("42$4(#"(7;04/95(#?$(0/>%(
012(K$5(7">:"1$1#%("9(>04/1$(0%%$%%>$1#%'(,(7"17/%$(
2$9/1/#/"1( "9( #?$( #$4>C( P/#?( 011"#0#/"1%( #?$4$#"C( P"L;2(
6$( :4$9$406;$'( N?/%( P"L;2( ?$;:( #"( 8L/2$( #?$( 2$%/81( "9(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(A\
&(()3$9E$2&*F$2)&"$")"G)5*

Name Expertise Contact details

Dr. R. Boelens (chairman) Marine assessments Castlelough

Portroe, Nenagh
Co. Tipperary
Ireland
[email protected]

Dr. A. Baker Atmospheric input of nutrients to surface ocean waters School of Environmental Sciences
University of East Anglia
Norwich NR4 7TJ
United Kingdom
[email protected]

Dr. D. C. E. Bakker Marine carbon cycle School of Environmental Sciences

University of East Anglia
Norwich NR4 7TJ
United Kingdom
[email protected]

Dr. C. T. Bowmer Marine toxicology, chemical hazards TNO Chemistry

Vice-chairman of GESAMP Postbus 360
NL-3700-AJ Zeist
The Netherlands
[email protected]

Prof. R. A. Duce Atmospheric and marine chemistry, air/sea exchange Texas A&M University
Department of Oceanography
Room 906, O&M Building
College Station, Texas 77843-3146
USA
[email protected]

Mr. F. Haag GESAMP Officer, coordinator International Maritime Organization

4 Albert Embankment
London SE1 7SR
United Kingdom
[email protected]

Mr. N. Perera Junior Scientist 5/5 Huludagoda Road

Mount Lavinia
Sri Lanka
[email protected]

Dr. D. Schmidt Etkin Ship-based pollution Environmental Research Consulting

41 Croft Lane
Cortlandt Manor
NY 10567-1160
USA
[email protected]

AH$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
&(()3$:E$5)%)5)(+)*

,23/%"45(F">>/##$$("1(,7"L%#/7(A>:07#%("1(-04/1$( M[[YT(N?$(.?5%/70;(+7/$17$(W0%/%'(F"1#4/6L#/"1("9(
-0>>0;%(@M[[\JT($%4,*0#0,#01%#;)*56%#;)99)(# I"4K/18()4"L:(A(#"(#?$(D"L4#?(,%%$%%>$1#(^$:"4#(
J,995..5,6>#M#Z%3*')*E#LUUWC(N$%#/>"15(^$:"4#(#"( "9(#?$(A1#$48"3$4>$1#0;(.01$;("1(F;/>0#$(F?018$'(
E+(F"184$%%'(&O\(::'( F0>64/28$(E1/3$4%/#5(.4$%%C(F0>64/28$C(E1/#$2(
n/182">(012(!$P(z"4KC(!zC(E+,'
,;;%"::C(-'C(I0;#$4%C(,'C(+01#/;;"C(H'(012(]"?1%#"1C(
.'(@M[[\JT(.;0%#/7(2$64/%(/1(#?$(P"4;2e%("7$01%'( W"52C(.'I'C(]/7K$;;%C(N'C(_0PC(F'+'C(W;0/1C(+'C(W"5;$C(
)4$$1:$07$(A1#$410#/"10;(4$:"4#C(RR::'(?##:TUUPPP' *','C(WL$%%$;$4C(n'B'C(F"0;$C(n'`'C(FL;;$1C(]']'C(2$(
84$$1:$07$'"48U/1#$410#/"10;U:4$%%U4$:"4#%|4$;0#$2} W004C(`']'I'C(D";;"P%'C(-'C(`043$5C(-'C(_017$;"#C(F'C(
/#$>}/2r&MX\[SM _$30%%$L4C(-'C(BP$1%C(!']'.'C(.";;042C(^'C(^/3K/1C(^'W'C(
+04>/$1#"C(]'C(+7?"$>011C(a'C(+>$#07$KC(a'C(N0K$20C(
,4#0="C(.'C(D$41012$%C(*'N'C(-04#/1%C(]'a'C(z0>0%"$C(
+'C(N%L20C(,'C(NL41$4C(+'(012(I0#%"1C(,']'(@M[[YJT(
-','C(`"66%C(.'a'C(-0$1?0L#C(I'C(_"18"C(n'-'(012(
-$%"70;$(/4"1($14/7?>$1#($=:$4/>$1#%(&XXOGM[[ST(
F0%#01?"C(,'(@&XXZJT(_048$G%70;$(0$4"%";(%"L47$(
%51#?$%/%(012(9L#L4$(2/4$7#/"1%'(+7/$17$C(O&ST(\&MG\&Y'
0::"4#/"1>$1#(/1(,>0<"1/0'(]'()$":?5%'(^$%'C(&[OT(
O&ZOYGO&ZRY' W"5;$C(*'(,'C(W$48bL/%#C(W'(,'C(n05%$4C(^'(,'C(012(
-0?"P0;2C(!'(@M[[SJT(A4"1C(>01801$%$C(012(;$02(0#(
W0K$4C(,'^'C(D4$17?C(-'(012(_/18$C(n'_'(@M[[\0JT(N4$12%(
`0P0//(B7$01(N/>$G%$4/$%(+#0#/"1(,_B`,T(N$>:"40;(
/1(0$4"%";(1L#4/$1#(%";L6/;/#5(0;"18(0(P$%#(G($0%#(
304/06/;/#5(012(01(/1#$4>$2/0#$(P0#$4(?524"#?$4>0;(
#401%$7#("9(#?$(+0?0401(2L%#(:;L>$'()$":?5%'(^$%'(
:;L>$'(2%,-1595-)#%0#J,.9,-1595-)#8-0)(\XT(XOOGXSM'
_$##'C(OOT(_[YZ[SC(2"/T&['&[MXUM[[S)_[MRY\R'
WL22$>$/$4C(^'I'C(]','(n;$5:0%C(012(^'W'(,4"1%"1'(
W0K$4C(,'^'C(]/7K$;;%C(N'H'C(W/%P0%C(n'D'C(I$%#"1C(n'(012(
@M[[RJ'(F"40;(^$$9%(012();"60;(F;/>0#$(F?018$T(
D4$17?C(-'(@M[[\6JT(!L#4/$1#%(/1(0#>"%:?$4/7(0$4"%";(
."#$1#/0;(F"1#4/6L#/"1%("9(F;/>0#$(F?018$(#"(
:04#/7;$%(0;"18(#?$(,-N(#401%$7#'(H$$:G+$0(^$%'(
+#4$%%$%("1(F"40;(^$$9(*7"%5%#$>%'(.$P(F$1#$4("1(
.04#(AAC(SOT(&Y[\G&Y&X'
);"60;(F;/>0#$(F?018$C(,4;/18#"1C(S\::'(?##:TUUPPP'
W0K$4C(,'^'C(]/7K$;;%C(N'H'C(I/##C(-'(012(_/18$C(n'_'( :$P7;/>0#$'"48U
@M[[\7JT(N4$12%(/1(#?$(%";L6/;/#5("9(/4"1C(0;L>/1/L>C(
F0;2$/40C(n'C(-'(,K0/C(.'(W4$P$4C(W'(F?$1C(.'(`0L801C(
>01801$%$(012(:?"%:?"4L%(/1(0$4"%";(7";;$7#$2("3$4(
N'(AP0>0C(.'(]"?1%#"1C(y'(n?$%?8/(_/C(N'(B?%L>/C(
#?$(,#;01#/7(B7$01'(-04'(F?$>'C(XZT(ROGSZ'
`'(.u4#1$4C(F'(+06/1$C(z'(+?/4050>0C(]'(N?">%"1'(
W0K$4C(,'^'C(I$%#"1C(n'C(n$;;5C(+'H'C(a"%%C(-'C(+#4$LC( @M[[SJT(B7$01(%#"408$'(.:'(MZXGO&Y(A1T(-$#<C(W'C(B'(
.'(012(F0:$C(]'!'(@M[[YJT(H45(012(P$#(2$:"%/#/"1("9( H03/2%"1C(`'(H$(F"1/17KC(-'(_""%C(012(_'(-$5$4(
1L#4/$1#%(94">(#?$(#4":/70;(,#;01#/7(0#>"%:?$4$T(;/1K%( @$2%'J(F046"1(H/"=/2$(F0:#L4$(012(+#"408$'(+:$7/0;(
#"(:4/>045(:4"2L7#/3/#5(012(1/#4"8$1(9/=0#/"1'(R%%4? 4$:"4#(65(I"4K/18()4"L:(AAA("9(#?$(A1#$48"3$41>$1#0;(
:%)#$%.%)*-1>#+)*0#Q(C(SRT(&Y[RG&YM[' .01$;("1(F;/>0#$(F?018$'(F0>64/28$(E1/3$4%/#5(
.4$%%C(F0>64/28$C(RRM::'
W018$C(`'I'(012(I/;;/0>%(]'(@M[[[JT(!$P(2/4$7#/"1%T(
,7$#"1/#4/;$(/1(0#>"%:?$4/7(012(6/"8$"7?$>/70;( F0>:6$;;C(W'C(n$41C(*'C(012(`"41C(H'(@&XYYJT(Q94)-0#
757;$%'(809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60#ORT(RXSXGRX\[' ,/#N5(#:45(()&%#/*,9#P,*(7#P)*#QQ#D)6F%*#:56F56&.C(
^$:"4#(!"'(-AN+)(YYGR(A12$=(!"'(YYGO[RG!1#'(
W041$%C(H'(n'(,'(@M[[MJT(A130%/"1%(65(>04/1$(;/9$("1(
-0%%07?L%$##%(A1%#/#L#$("9(N$7?1";"85(+$0()401#(
:;0%#/7(2$64/%'(")0'*%#R&\T(Z[ZGZ[X'
.4"840>C(F0>64/28$C(-0%%07?L%$##%C(E+,'(ZS(::'
W041$%C(H'(n'(,'(012(-/;1$4C(.'(@M[[SJT(H4/9#/18(:;0%#/7(
F04;#"1C(]'N'(@M[[&JT(Q60*,7'-%7#:4%-5%.#56#!:#J,).0)(#
012(/#%(7"1%$bL$17$%(9"4(%$%%/;$("4801/%>(2/%:$4%0;(
P)0%*._#<6=5*,69%60)(#Q94)-0.#)67#;)6)&%9%60#
/1(#?$(,#;01#/7(B7$01'(;)*56%#V5,(,&E(&R\T(Z&SGZMS'
+*5,*505%.C(.$P(B7$01%(F">>/%%/"1C(,4;/18#"1C(a,'
W$0L84012C()'C(^$/2C(.'F'C(A601$<C(D'C(_/12;$5C(]','C(
F?$1C(z'(012(+/$9$4#C(^'_'(@M[[OJT(H$#$4>/10#/"1("9(
*2P042%C(-'C(@M[[[JT(^$"4801/<0#/"1("9(!"4#?(,#;01#/7(
304/"L%(#5:$%("9(;06/;$(0#>"%:?$4/7(/4"1("3$4(4$>"#$(
>04/1$(7":$:"2(6/"2/3$4%/#5(012(7;/>0#$'(+7/$17$C(
"7$01%'(]'()$":?5%'(^$%'C(&[ZT(RYYRC(2"/T&['&[MXU
MX\C(&\XMG&\XR'
M[[O]H[[OS&S'
W/12"99C(!'_'C(]'(I/;;$64012C(a'(,4#0;$C(,'(F0<$103$C(
F;04K$C(^'W'(@M[[&J(T(-04/1$(.";;L#/"1'(B=9"42(
]'()4$8"45C(+'()L;$3C(n'(`010P0C(F'(_$(yL~4~C(
E1/3$4%/#5(.4$%%C(!$P(z"4K'
+'(_$3/#L%C(z'(!"d/4/C(F'n(+?L41C(_'H(N0;;$5C(,'(
E11/K4/%?101'(@M[[YJ'(B6%$430#/"1%T(B7$01/7(F;/>0#$( F";"1$;;C(]'-'C(+>/#?C(+'a'(x(+:/$%C(^'W'(@M[[[JT(J*'5.%#
F?018$(012(+$0(_$3$;'(A1T(+";">"1C(+'C(H'(y/1C( :154#P).0%A)0%*#R5.-1)*&%#560,#8().F)6#J,).0)(#
-'(-011/18C(f'(F?$1C(-'(-04bL/%C(n'W'(,3$45#C( P)0%*.'(,;0%K0(+$0_/9$(F$1#$4(N$7?1/70;(^$:"4#(
-'(N/81"4C(012(`'_'(-/;;$4(@$2%'J(F;/>0#$(F?018$( !L>6$4(M[[[G[&'(RZ::'

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(A@
F"46$##C(]']'C(012(n"$?;$4(`'I'(@M[[OJT(E:20#$2( HL7$C(^','(012()08"%/01(^'W'(@&XZMJT(N?$(/1:L#("9(
$>/%%/"1%(94">("7$01(%?/::/18'(`,'*6)(#,/# 0#>"%:?$4/7(1GF&[(#"(1GFO[(0;K01$%(#"(#?$("7$01'(]'(
2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1C(a";'(&[Z(@HM[JT(RC\S[GRC\\S' )$":?5%'(^$%'C(ZYC(Y&XMGYM[['
F"46/t4$C(,'C(-$#<;C(!'C(^$3$42/1C()'C(W4L1$#C(F'(012( HL7$C(^','(012(N/120;$C(!'I'(@&XX&JT(,#>"%:?$4/7(
N0K0?0%?/C(N'(@M[[YJT(A1#$4011L0;(012(2$7020;( #401%:"4#("9(/4"1(012(/#%(2$:"%/#/"1(/1(#?$("7$01'(
304/06/;/#5("9(#?$(7046"1(2/"=/2$(%/1K(/1(#?$(!"4#?( _/>1";'(B7$01"84'C(O\T(&Y&SG&YM\'
,#;01#/7(%L6:";04(854$'(D%(('.(SXWT(&\ZG&YZ'
HL7$C(^','C(_0(^"7?$C(]'C(,;#/$4/C(n'C(,44/8"C(n'C(W0K$4C(
FL>>/18%C(]'C(012(W4012"1C(!'(@M[[RJT(:,65-#Q94)-0_# ,'^'C(F0:"1$C(H'C(F"41$;;C(+'C(H$1#$1$4C(D'C()0;;"P05C(
8#+*%-)'05,6)*E#8..%..9%60#,/#",5.%#+,(('05,6#/*,9# ]'C()01$%?40>C(^'C()$/2$4C(^'C(]/7K$;;%C(N'C(nL5:$4%C(
N-%)6#:%5.95-#:'*=%E.C#)4$$1:$07$(E+,(012( -'C(_018;"/%C(^'C(_/%%C(.'+'C(_/LC(+'-'C(-/22;$6L48C(]'C(
,7"L%#/7(*7";"85(A1%#/#L#$C(S&::' -""4$C(F'-'C(!/7K"3/7C(+'C(B%7?;/$%C(,'C(.$2$4%$1C(N'C(
.4"%:$4"C(]'C(+$/#</18$4C(+'C(+"4$1%$1C(_'_'C(E$>0#%LC(
FL##$4C()','(012(FL##$4C(_'+'(@&XXZJT(-$#0;;"/2%(/1(#?$(
-'C(E;;"0C(B'C(a"%%C(-'C(I042C(W'(012(f0>"40C(
?/8?(;0#/#L2$(!"4#?(,#;01#/7(B7$01T(+"L47$%(012(
_'(@M[[ZJT(A>:07#%("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(01#?4":"8$1/7(
/1#$410;(757;/18'(-04/1$(F?$>/%#45(\&T(MS[O\'
1/#4"8$1("1(#?$(":$1("7$01'(:-5%6-%(OM[T(ZXOGZXY'(
FL##$4C()','C(_'+'(FL##$4C(,'-'(D$0#?$4%#"1$C(012(
HL7$C(^','C(_/%%C(.'+'C(-$44/;;C(]'N'C(,#;0%C(*'_'C(WL0#G
_"?4$1<(+'*'(@M[[&J'(,1#/>"15(012(04%$1/7(
-$1042C(.'C(`/7K%C(W'W'C(-/;;$4C(]'-'C(.4"%:$4"C(
6/"8$"7?$>/%#45(/1(#?$(P$%#$41(,#;01#/7(B7$01'(R%%4?
]'-'C(,4/>"#"C(^'C(F?L47?C(N'-'C(*;;/%C(I'C()0;;"P05C(
:%)#$%.%)*-1#QQ(RZT(MZXSGMX&S'
]'!'C(`01%"1C(_'C(]/7K$;;%C(N'H'C(n10:C(,'`'C(
H$1>01C(n'_'C(W40%%$L4C()'C(F?/2#?0/%"18C(,'C(F/0/%C( ^$/1?042#C(n'`'C(+7?1$/2$4C(W'C(+"L2/1$C(,'C(N"K"%C(
.'C(F"=C(.'-'C(H/7K/1%"1C(^'*'C(`0L8;L%#0/1$C(H'C( ]']'C(N%L1"80/C(+'C(I";;0%#C(^'(012(f?"LC(-'(@&XX&JT(
`$/1<$C(F'C(`";;012C(*'C(]07"6C(H'C(_"?>01C(E'C( N?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#("9(#407$(%:$7/$%(#"(#?$(
^0>07?012401C(+'C(20(+/;30(H/0%C(.'_'C(I"9%5C(+'F'( P"4;2("7$01'(2(,3)(#V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.(ST(
012(f?018(q'(@M[[YJT(F"L:;/18%(6$#P$$1(7?018$%( &XOGMSX'
/1(#?$(7;/>0#$(%5%#$>(012(6/"8$"7?$>/%#45'(A1T(
*124$%$1C(B'C(W$?4$1%C(`'_'C(W451$%#02C(+'C(,12$4%$1C(
+";">"1C(+'C(H'(y/1C(-'(-011/18C(f'(F?$1C(-'(
,'W'(x(+Kd"18C(^'(@M[[RJT(F?0;;$18$%(/1(8;"60;(60;;0%#(
-04bL/%C(n'W'(,3$45#C(-'(N/81"4C(012(`'_'(-/;;$4(
P0#$4(>0108$>$1#'(;)*56%#+,(('05,6#V'((%056(RZT(
@$2%'J(F;/>0#$(F?018$(M[[YT(N?$(.?5%/70;(+7/$17$(
\&SG\MO'
W0%/%'(F"1#4/6L#/"1("9(I"4K/18()4"L:(A(#"(#?$(D"L4#?(
,%%$%%>$1#(^$:"4#("9(#?$(A1#$48"3$41>$1#0;(.01$;( *124$%$1C(•'C(+€48042C(*'C(,12$4%$1C(,'W'C()403/4C()'C(
"1(F;/>0#$(F?018$'(F0>64/28$(E1/3$4%/#5(.4$%%C( W/#1$4G)4$8$4%$1C(*'(@M[[MJT(A>:;/70#/"1%("9(":$1(
F0>64/28$C(E1/#$2(n/182">(012(!$P(z"4KC(!zC(E+,' "7$01(60;;0%#(P0#$4($=7?018$'(;)*56%#:-5%6-%#)67#
D%-16,(,&E#/,*#<6=5*,69%60)(#:'.0)56)35(50EC(*!+E+(
H$440/KC(]')'W'(@M[[MJT(N?$(:";;L#/"1("9(#?$(>04/1$(
M[[M'
$13/4"1>$1#(65(:;0%#/7(2$64/%T(0(4$3/$P'(;)*56%#
+,(('05,6#V'((%056(RRT(ZRMGZSM' *124$%$1C(•'C(+€48•42C(*'C(+L12$#C(]'(n'C(H0;%€4$1C(
+'W'C(A%0K%$1C(A'+','C(W$48;$1C(N'D'C(012()403/4C()'(
H/="1C(]'_'(@M[[ZJT(-074"(012(>/74"(1L#4/$1#(;/>/#0#/"1(
@M[[OJT(*>/%%/"1(94">(/1#$410#/"10;(%$0(#401%:"4#0#/"1(
"9(>/74"6/0;(:4"2L7#/3/#5(/1(";/8"#4":?/7(%L6#4":/70;(
012($13/4"1>$1#0;(/>:07#'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#
,#;01#/7(P0#$4%'(*13/4"1'(F?$>'C(ST(&OSG&RM'
$%.%)*-1(&[Z(@H&YJC(RS\[iRSZ&
H"1$5C(+'(F'C(!'(-0?"P0;2C(A'(_/>0C(^',(D$$;5C(D'N'(
*124$%$1C(•'C(+€48042C(*'C(+L12$#C(]'n'C(H0;%€4$1C(
-07K$1</$C(]'D'(_0>04bL$C(012(^0%7?(.']'(@M[[YJT(
+'W'C(A%0K%$1C(A'+','C(W$48;$1C(N'D'C()403/4C()'(@M[[OJT(
A>:07#("9(01#?4":"8$1/7(0#>"%:?$4/7(1/#4"8$1(012(%L;9L4(
*>/%%/"1(94">(/1#$410#/"10;(%$0(#401%:"4#0#/"1(
2$:"%/#/"1("1("7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(012(#?$(/1"4801/7(
012($13/4"1>$1#0;(/>:07#'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#
7046"1(%5%#$>'(+"8:(&[R(@OYJT(&SRZ[G&SRZS'
$%.%)*-1(&[ZT(RS\['
H"#/180C(`'-C(012(BL2$(*;9$4/1KC(,')'(@M[[[JT(,7"L%#/7(
*301%C(.')'`'(@M[[OJT(:154456&#).#)#+,..53(%#:,'*-%#,/#
:";;L#/"1(/1(#?$("7$01%T(N?$(%$047?(9"4(;$80;(%#012042%'(
R5.0'*3)6-%#0,#J%0)-%)6.#56#01%#8:JNV8":#$%&5,6'(
N-%)6#R%=%(,49%60#[#Q60%*6)05,6)(#O)A(O&T(&S&i&ZM'(
,+FBW,!+(R#?(-$$#/18("9(#?$(.04#/$%(H"7L>$1#(
HL04#$C(F'-'C(H07?%C(]'C(_;064$%C(-'C(,;"1%"G_0/#0C(.'C( -B.RUH"7'(&Y@+J(^$3'&C(*%6d$48C(H$1>04KC(&XGMM(
)0%";C(]'-'C(N"304G+017?$<C(,'C(+01L2"GI/;?$>5C( ,L8L%#(M[[O(H/%#'T(&(,L8L%#(M[[O'(,8$120(A#$>(X'MT(
+'(012(,8L%#/C(+'(@M[[\JT(,$4"%";(/1:L#%($1?017$( A1#$407#/"1%(P/#?(%?/::/18'(+L6>/##$2(65(+$0(I0#7?(
1$P(:4"2L7#/"1(/1(#?$(%L6#4":/70;(1"4#?$0%#(,#;01#/7'( D"L120#/"1C(H$:04#>$1#("9(f"";"85C(E1/3$4%/#5("9(
`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&&&T()[R[[\C( B=9"42C(B=9"42C(EnC(X&::'
2"/T&['&[MXUM[[S])[[[&R['
D/#<8$40;2C(I'D'C(_0>6"48C(F'`'(012(`0>>$4%7?1/2#C(
HL7$C(^','(@M[[&JT(j,#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#("9(:";;L#01#%lC( F'^'(@M[[YJT(-04/1$(6/"8$"7?$>/70;(757;/18("9(
<6-E-(,4%75)#,/#N-%)6#:-5%6-%.C(,702$>/7(.4$%%C( >$47L45'(J1%95-)(#$%=5%A.(&[YT(\R&G\\M'
!$P(z"4KC(&XMGM[&'

Ca$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
)0;60;;5C(A'*'C(_0P%"1C(+']'C(I$$K%C(A','C(W$1#;$5C(+'N'C( #?$(+7/$1#/9/7(,%:$7#%("9(-04/1$(*13/4"1>$1#0;(
)/;;$##C(^'I'C(-$5$4C(-'(012()";2%#$/1C(,'`'(@M[[YJT( .4"#$7#/"1JC(^$:'(+#L2'(!"'\RC(&M\::'
a";0#/;$("4801/7(7">:"L12%(/1(>04/1$(0/4(0#(F0:$(
)*+,-.(@M[[YJT(*%#/>0#$%("9(B/;(*1#$4/18(#?$(-04/1$(
)4/>C(,L%#40;/0'(<6=5*,69%60)(#J1%95.0*E(RT(&YZ'
*13/4"1>$1#(94">(+$0GW0%$2(,7#/3/#/$%C()*+,-.(
)0;;"P05C(]'!'C(H$1#$1$4C(D']'C(F0:"1$C(H')'C(W"5$4C( @A-BUD,BUE!*+FBGABFUE!AHBUI-BUA,*,UE!U
*'I'C(`"P04#?C(^'I'C(+$/#</18$4C(+'.'C(,%1$4C()'.'C( E!*.(]"/1#()4"L:("9(*=:$4#%("1(#?$(+7/$1#/9/7(
F;$3$;012C(F'F'C()4$$1C(.','C(`";;012C(*','C(n04;C( ,%:$7#%("9(-04/1$(*13/4"1>$1#0;(.4"#$7#/"1JC(^$:'(
H'-'C(-/7?0$;%C(,'D'C(."4#$4C(]'`'C(N"P1%$12C(,'^'( +#L2'(!"'(YSC(X\(::'
012(a"4"%>04#5C(F']'(@M[[RJT(!/#4"8$1(757;$%T(:0%#C(
)40?0>C(I'D'(012(HL7$C(^','(@&XZMJT(N?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(
:4$%$1#C(012(9L#L4$'(V5,&%,-1%95.0*E(Y[T(&SOGMM\'(
#401%:"4#("9(:?"%:?"4L%(#"(#?$(P$%#$41(!"4#?(,#;01#/7'(
)*B(@M[[YJT(N?$(DL;;(./7#L4$'()4"L:("1(*04#?( ,#>"%'(*13/4"1'C(&\T(&[ZXG&[XY'
B6%$430#/"1%(@)*BJC()$1$30C(+P/#<$4;012C(MYZ::'
)4$8"45C(-'^'(@&XXXJT(.;0%#/7%(012(+"L#?(.07/9/7(/%;012(
)*+,-.(@&XYYJT(A>:07#("9(B/;("1(#?$(-04/1$( %?"4$%T($13/4"1>$1#0;(/>:;/70#/"1%'(N-%)6#)67#
*13/4"1>$1#'()*+,-.(@A-BUD,BUE!*+FBGABFU J,).0)(#;)6)&%9%60(RMT(\[OG\&S'
I-BUI`BUA,*,UE!UE!*.(]"/1#()4"L:("9(*=:$4#%(
`0;;$840$99C()'(@&XXZJT(N401%:"4#("9(#"=/7(
"1(#?$(+7/$1#/9/7(,%:$7#%("9(-04/1$(*13/4"1>$1#0;(
2/1"9;08$;;0#$%(3/0(%?/:%e(60;;0%#(P0#$4T(6/"$7"1">/7(
.";;L#/"1JC(^$:'(+#L2'(!"'\C(A-B(_"12"1C(MS[::
4/%K(0%%$%%>$1#(012($99/7/$175("9(:"%%/6;$(60;;0%#(
)*+,-.(@&XZMJT(N?$(4$3/$P("9(#?$(?$0;#?("9(#?$( P0#$4(>0108$>$1#(%#40#$8/$%'(;)*56%#<-,(,&E#
"7$01%'(A-FB(UD,B(UE!*+FB(UI-B(UI`B(UA,*,( +*,&*%..#:%*5%.(&\ZT(MXYGO[X'
UE!(UE!*.(]"/1#()4"L:("9(*=:$4#%("1(#?$(+7/$1#/9/7(
`0L801C(.'-'C(F'(NL4;$5C(012(."$4#1$4(`'B'(@M[[\JT(
,%:$7#%("9(-04/1$(.";;L#/"1(@)*+,-.J'(^$:"4#%(012(
*99$7#%("1(#?$(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#("9("7$01(
%#L2/$%(&SC(E1$%7"C(&[Z::'
07/2/9/70#/"1(4$%L;#/18(94">($;$30#$2(;$3$;%("9(FBM(
)*+,-.(@&XZXJT(N?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#("9(#407$( /1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$'(W/"2/3$4%/#5(+$4/$%C(B+.,^(
%:$7/$%(#"(#?$(P"4;2("7$01'(A-BUE!*+FBUI-BU F">>/%%/"1(9"4(#?$(.4"#$7#/"1("9(#?$(-04/1$(*13/4"1(G
I`BUA,*,UE!UE!*.(]"/1#()4"L:("9(*=:$4#%("1(#?$( >$1#("9(#?$(!"4#?G*0%#(,#;01#/7'(H"7L>$1#(:4$:04$2(
+7/$1#/9/7(,%:$7#%("9(-04/1$(.";;L#/"1(@)*+,-.JC( 65(01(A1#$4%$%%/"10;(I"4K/18()4"L:(7"13$1$2(65(
^$:"4#%(x(+#L2/$%(!"'OZC(I"4;2(-$#$"4";"8/70;( !"4P05(012(#?$(E1/#$2(n/182">'
B4801/<0#/"1C&&&::'
`$12$4%"1C(]'^'(@M[[&JT(,(:4$G(012(:"%#G-,^.B_(
)*+,-.(@&XX[JT(N?$(%#0#$("9(#?$(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#'( ,11$=(a(%L>>045("9(`0P0//01(>"1K(%$0;(
A-FB(UD,B(UE!*+FB(UI-B(UI`B(UA,*,(UE!( $1#018;$>$1#%(012(>04/1$(2$64/%(077L>L;0#/"1(/1(#?$(
UE!*.(]"/1#()4"L:("9(*=:$4#%("1(#?$(+7/$1#/9/7( 1"4#?P$%#$41(`0P0//01(A%;012%C(&XZMG&XXZ'(;)*56%#
,%:$7#%("9(-04/1$(.";;L#/"1(@)*+,-.J'(^$:"4#%(012( +,(('05,6#V'((%056(RM(@YJT(SZRGSZX'
%#L2/$%(OXC(&&&::'
`/;2$64012C(]'(@M[[YJT(:,'*-%.#,/#8601*,4,&%65-#:,'67#
)*+,-.(@&XXRJT()L/2$;/1$%(9"4(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#0;( 56#01%#;)*56%#<6=5*,69%60'(I?/#$(:0:$4(:4$%$1#$2(#"(
0%%$%%>$1#%'(A-B(UD,B(UE!*+FB(UI-B(UI`B( A1#$410#/"10;(.";/75(I"4K%?":("1(-04/1$(-0>>0;%(
UA,*,(UE!(UE!*.(]"/1#()4"L:("9(*=:$4#%("1(#?$( 012(+"L12C(-04/1$(-0>>0;(F">>/%%/"1C(W$#?$%20C(
+7/$1#/9/7(,%:$7#%("9(-04/1$(*13/4"1>$1#0;(.4"#$7#/"1( -045;012C(E+,C(&\(::'
@)*+,-.J(^$:"4#%(012(+#L2/$%(SRC(R[(::'
`L018C(+'C(,4/>"#"C(^'(012(^0?1C(n'(@&XX\JT(F?018$%(
)*+,-.(@M[[&0JT(,(%$0("9(#4"L6;$%'(A-FB(UD,B( /1(0#>"%:?$4/7(;$02(012("#?$4(:";;L#/"1G2$4/3$2(
UE!*+FB(UI-B(UI`B(UA,*,(UE!(UE!*.(]"/1#( #407$($;$>$1#%(0#(W$4>L20'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#
)4"L:("9(*=:$4#%("1(#?$(+7/$1#/9/7(,%:$7#%("9(-04/1$( $%.%)*-1(&[&T(M&[OOGM&[R['
*13/4"1>$1#0;(.4"#$7#/"1(@)*+,-.J'(^$:"4#%(012(
A-W*^(@M[[SJT(A1#$840#$2(-04/1$(W/"8$"7?$>/%#45(
%#L2/$%(Y[C(OS::'
012(*7"%5%#$>(^$%$047?(@A-W*^J'(+7/$17$(.;01(
)*+,-.(@M[[&6JT(.4"#$7#/18(#?$("7$01%(94">(;012G 012(A>:;$>$1#0#/"1(+#40#$85'(A)W.(4$:"4#(SMC(A)W.(
60%$2(07#/3/#/$%(i(_012G60%$2(%"L47$%(012(07#/3/#/$%( +$74$#04/0#C(+#"7K?";>C(Y\::'
099$7#/18(#?$(bL0;/#5(012(L%$%("9(#?$(>04/1$C(7"0%#0;(
A-B(@M[[MJT(-,^.B_(YOUYZ'(A1#$410#/"10;(F"13$1#/"1(
012(0%%"7/0#$2(94$%?P0#$4($13/4"1>$1#'(A-FB(UD,B(
9"4(#?$(.4$3$1#/"1("9(.";;L#/"1(94">(+?/:%C(&XYOC(
UE!*+FB(UI-B(UI`B(UA,*,(UE!(UE!*.(]"/1#(
0%(>"2/9/$2(65(#?$(.4"#"7";("9(&XYZ'(F"1%";/20#$2(
)4"L:("9(*=:$4#%("1(#?$(+7/$1#/9/7(,%:$7#%("9(-04/1$(
*2/#/"1(M[[M'(A1#$410#/"10;(-04/#/>$(B4801/<0#/"1C(
*13/4"1>$1#0;(.4"#$7#/"1(@)*+,-.J'(^$:"4#%(012(
_"12"1C(E1/#$2(n/182">'(S&&::'
%#L2/$%(Y&C(&\M::'
A1#$410#/"10;(F"L17/;(9"4(#?$(*=:;"40#/"1("9(#?$(+$0(
)*+,-.(@M[[MJT(^$3/%$2()*+,-.(`0<042(*30;L0#/"1(
@AF*+J(@M[[SJT(Z56)(#$%4,*0#,/#01%#87?X,-#2*,'4#
.4"7$2L4$(9"4(F?$>/70;(+L6%#017$%(F044/$2(65(
,6#01%#Q94)-0#,/#:,6)*#,6#J%0)-%)6.C#QJ<:#82Q:J#
+?/:%'()*+,-.(@A-BUD,BUE!*+FBGABFUE!AHBU
LUU^'(,F*T([&'(AF*+(,23/%"45(F">>/##$$("1(
I-BUA,*,UE!UE!*.(]"/1#()4"L:("9(*=:$4#%("1(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(C9
 *7"%5%#$>%(AF*+(F-(M[[SU,F*T[&(A1#$410#/"10;( -0?"P0;2C(!'C(,4#0<"C(.'C(W0K$4C(,'^'C(]/7K$;%%C(
F"L17/;(9"4(#?$(*=:;"40#/"1("9(#?$(+$0C(F":$1?08$1C( N'H'C(BK/1C()'C(^012$4%"1C(]'N'(012(N"P1%$12C(,'(
H$1>04KC(S[::' @M[[S0JT(A>:07#%("9(6/">0%%(6L41/18(012(;012(L%$(
"1(,>0<"1/01(0#>"%:?$4/7(:?"%:?"4L%(757;/18(012(
A1#$410#/"10;(-04/#/>$(B4801/%0#/"1(@A-BJ(@M[[OJT(
2$:"%/#/"1'();"60;(W/"8$"7?$>'(F57;$%C(&XT()WR[O[C(
-04/1$(*13/4"1>$1#0;(.4"#$7#/"1(F">>/##$$(@-*.FJC(
2"/T&['&[MXUM[[S)W[[MSR&'
H409#(A1#$410#/"10;(7"13$1#/"1(9"4(#?$(7"1#4";("9(
>0108$>$1#("9(%?/:%e(60;;0%#(P0#$4(012(%$2/>$1#%'( -0?"P0;2C(!'-'C(W0K$4C(,'^'C(W$480>$##/C()'C(W4""K%C(
-*.F(RXUMUOC(MR(-047?' !'C(HL7$C(^','C(]/7K$;;%C(N'H'C(nL6/;05C(!'C(.4"%:$4"C(
]'-'(012(N$8$1C(A'(@M[[S6JT(N?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(8;"60;(
ABFF.(@A1#$410#/"10;(B7$01(F046"1(F""42/10#/"1(
2L%#(757;$(012(/4"1(/1:L#%(#"(#?$("7$01'(2(,3)(#
.4"d$7#J(@M[[YJT(+L4907$(B7$01(FBM(304/06/;/#5(012(
V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.(&XT()WR[MSC(2"/T&['&[MXU
3L;1$406/;/#/$%(P"4K%?":'(ABFF.(4$:"4#(YC(E!*+FBC(
M[[R)W[[MR[M'
.04/%C(D4017$C(&&G&R(,:4/;(M[[Y'(?##:TUUPPP'/"77:'"48U
-0%"1C(^'(.'(012()/;;C()','(@M[[SJT(-$47L45(/1(
A.FF(@M[[SJT(A.FF(+:$7/0;(^$:"4#("1(F046"1(H/"=/2$(
#?$(-04/1$(*13/4"1>$1#'(A1(;%*-'*E_#:,'*-%.>#
F0:#L4$(012(+#"408$'(.4$:04$2(65(I"4K/18()4"L:(AAA(
;%).'*%9%60.>#JE-(%.#)67#<//%-0.Q(.04%"1%C(-'W'C(
"9(#?$(A1#$48"3$41>$1#0;(.01$;("1(F;/>0#$(F?018$(
.$47/30;C(]'(W'C(*2%'Q(-/1$40;"8/70;(,%%"7/0#/"1("9(
‚-$#<C(W'C(H03/2%"1C(B'C(2$(F"1/17KC(`'F'C(_""%C(-'(
F01020C(a";'(ORC(F?0:#$4(&['
012(-$5$4C(_','(@$2%'Jƒ'(F0>64/28$(E1/3$4%/#5(.4$%%C(
F0>64/28$C(E1/#$2(n/182">(012(!$P(z"4KC(!zC(E+,C( -0#"C(z'C(A%"6$C(N'C(N0K020C(`'C(n01$?/4"C(`'C(B?#0K$C(
RRM::' F'(012(n0>/1L>0C(N'(@M[[&JT(.;0%#/7(4$%/1(:$;;$#%(0%(
0(#401%:"4#(>$2/L>(9"4(#"=/7(7?$>/70;%(/1(#?$(>04/1$(
A.FF(@M[[YJT(F;/>0#$(F?018$(M[[YT(-/#/80#/"1(
$13/4"1>$1#'(<6=5*,69%60)(#:-5%6-%#[#D%-16,(,&E(
"9(F;/>0#$(F?018$'(F"1#4/6L#/"1("9(I"4K/18(
OST(O&ZGOMR'
)4"L:(AAA(#"(#?$(D"L4#?(,%%$%%>$1#(^$:"4#("9(#?$(
A1#$48"3$41>$1#0;(.01$;("1(F;/>0#$(F?018$(‚W'(-$#<C( -7H$4>/2C(n']'C(012(-7-L;;$1C(N'_'(@M[[RJT(
B'^'(H03/2%"1C(.'^'(W"%7?C(^'(H03$C(_','(-$5$4( yL01#/#0#/3$(010;5%/%("9(%>0;;G:;0%#/7(2$64/%("1(
@$2%JƒCF0>64/28$(E1/3$4%/#5(.4$%%C(F0>64/28$C(E1/#$2( 6$07?$%(/1(#?$(`0P0//01(047?/:$;08"'(;)*56%#
n/182">(012(!$P(z"4KC(!zC(E+,'C(ZS&(::' +,(('05,6#V'((%056(RZT(YX[GYXR'
]07"6C(H']'C(D/$;2C(W'H'C(W$5C(]'A'C(_/C(y'C(_"801C(]','C( -$041%C(,'C(W$$8;$Gn40L%$C(F']'C(_"$?4C(_'C(`0;;C(n'C(
z01#"%70C(^'-'(012(+/18?C(`'W'(@M[[MJT(,#>"%:?$4/7( -"4$?"L%$C(F'C(I0#%"1%C(-'C(-7)$$C(F'(x()$"48$C(
6L28$#("9(07$#"1$'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1# n'(@M[[SJT(,1(0%%$%%>$1#("9(,;0%K0(74L/%$(%?/:(
&[YT(R&[[' P0%#$P0#$4(2/%7?048$%'(+*,-%%756&.#,/#01%#LUU^#
+'&%0#:,'67#2%,*&5)#V).56#$%.%)*-1#J,6/%*%6-%'
]/7K$;;%C(N'H'(012(+:"K$%C(_']'(@M[[&JT(,#>"%:?$4/7(/4"1(
/1:L#%(#"(#?$("7$01%'(A1T(H'^'(NL41$4(012(n'(`L1#$4( -/7?$;C(]'C(*#K/1C(H'+'C()/;6$4#C(N'C(E4601C(^'C(I0;24"1C(
@*2/#"4%JC(N?$(W/"8$"7?$>/%#45("9(A4"1(/1(+$0P0#$4'( ]'C(012(W;"7K%/28$(F'N'(@M[[SJT(+,0%605)((E#+,(('056&#
I/;$5C(F?/7?$%#$4C(::'(ZSG&M&' P*%-F.#56#;)*56%#P)0%*.C(M[[S(A1#$410#/"10;(B/;(+:/;;(
F"19$4$17$(A%%L$(.0:$4C(.4"7$$2/18%("9(#?$(M[[S(
]/7K$;;%C(N'H'C(,1C(f'+'C(,12$4%"1C(n'n'C(W0K$4C(,'^'C(
A1#$410#/"10;(B/;(+:/;;(F"19$4$17$T(::'(&(i(R['Y\::'
W$480>$##/C()'C(W4""K%C(!'C(F0"C(]']'C(W"52C(.'I'C(
HL7$C(^','C(`L1#$4C(n','C(n0P0?0#0C(`'C(nL6/;05C(!'C( -/;;$11/L>(*7"%5%#$>(,%%$%%>$1#(@M[[S0JT(
_0(^"7?$C(]'C(_/%%C(.'+'C(-0?"P0;2C(!'C(.4"%:$4"C( *7"%5%#$>%(012(?L>01(P$;;G6$/18T(7L44$1#(%#0#$(012(
]'-'C(^/28P$;;C(,']'C(N$8$1C(A'(012(N"44$%C(^'(@M[[SJT( #4$12%'(D/12/18%("9(#?$(7"12/#/"1%(012(#4$12%(P"4K/18(
);"60;(A4"1(F"11$7#/"1%(6$#P$$1(2$%$4#(2L%#C("7$01( 84"L:'(A%;012(.4$%%C(I0%?/18#"1C(H'F''
6/"8$"7?$>/%#45(012(7;/>0#$'(:-5%6-%(O[ZT(\YGY&'
-/;;$11/L>(*7"%5%#$>(,%%$%%>$1#(@M[[S6JT(
n;$5:0%C(]','C(^','(D$$;5C(a']'(D0645C(F'(_0182"1C( *7"%5%#$>%(012(`L>01(I$;;G6$/18T(+51#?$%/%'(
F'_'(+06/1$C(012(_'_'(^"66/1%(@M[[\JT(A>:07#%("9( A%;012(.4$%%C(I0%?/18#"1C(HF'
B7$01(,7/2/9/70#/"1("1(F"40;(^$$9%(012(B#?$4(-04/1$(
-/;;%C(-'-'C(^/20>$C(F'C(H03$5C(-'C(_0(^"7?$C(]'(012(
F0;7/9/$4%T(,()L/2$(9"4(DL#L4$(^$%$047?'(^$:"4#("9(0(
)$/2$4C(^']'(@M[[RJT(A4"1(012(:?"%:?"4L%(7"G;/>/#(
P"4K%?":(?$;2(&ZiM[(,:4/;(M[[SC(+#'(.$#$4%6L48C(D_C(
1/#4"8$1(9/=0#/"1(/1(#?$($0%#$41(#4":/70;(!"4#?(,#;01#/7'(
%:"1%"4$2(65(!+DC(!B,,C(012(#?$(E'+'()$";"8/70;(
!0#L4$C(RMXT(MXMGMXR'
+L43$5C(ZZ(::'
-""4$C(F'(@M[[\JT(+51#?$#/7(.";5>$4%(/1(#?$(-04/1$(
_$9t34$C(!'C(I0#%"1C(,'(]'C(B;%$1C(,'C(^/"%C(,'D'C(.~4$<C(
*13/4"1>$1#T(I?0#(I$(n1"P(i(I?0#(I$(!$$2(
D'D'C(]"?011$%%$1C(N'(@M[[RJT(,(2$74$0%$(/1(#?$(%/1K(
#"(n1"P(i(I?0#(F01(W$(H"1$|(.4$:04$2(9"4(
9"4(0#>"%:?$4/7(FBM(/1(#?$(!"4#?(,#;01#/7'(2%,41E.C#
#?$(*4/7$(A1#$410#/"10;(+$>/104%("1(.;01$#045(
$%.C#O%00'#O&C(_[YO[\C(2"/T(&['&[MXUM[[O)_[&ZXSY'
*>$48$17/$%C(*4/7$C(A#0;5C(&XGM\(,L8L%#(M[[\'(
_/LC(q'I'(012(-/;;$4"C(D']'(@M[[MJT(N?$(%";L6/;/#5("9(/4"1( ?##:TUUPPP'2#%7'70'8"3U.";;L#/"1.4$3$1#/"1U
/1(%$0P0#$4'(-04'(F?$>'C(YYT(ROGSR' )4$$1F?$>/%#45^$%"L47$%UL:;"02U>""4$})F}AA':29

C:$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
-""4$C(F']'C(-""4$C(+'_'C(_$$70%#$4C(-'n'(012( .">$43/;;$C(,'C(012(3012$1W$48C(-'(@M[[&JT(8I')05-#
I$/%6$48C(+'W'(@M[[&JT(,(7">:04/%"1("9(:;0%#/7(012( ",5.%#+,(('05,6_#+,0%605)(#J,6-%*6.#/,*#+*56-%#P5((5)9#
:;01K#"1(/1(#?$(!"4#?(.07/9/7(7$1#40;(854$'(;)*56%# :,'67#)67#01%#2'(/#,/#8().F)#CI?/#$(.0:$4(i(,bL0#/7(
+,(('05,6#V'((%056#RM(@&MJT(&MXYG&O[[' !"/%$(.";;L#/"1(@ZSR'RO&'M[[&'[[[&J'(A1#$4G,8$175(
F">>/##$$("1(-04/1$(+7/$17$(012(N$7?1";"85(
-"4$?"L%$C(F'(@M[[OJT(I0%#$P0#$4(%0>:;/18(012(
@A,F-+NJC(E1/#$2(n/182">'(&S(::'
010;5%/%(9"4(7">>$47/0;(:0%%$18$4(3$%%$;%'(
A1T(+*,-%%756&.>#N-%)6.#LUUG#J,6/%*%6-%C( y/1$#/y(F$1#4$(9"4(*13/4"1>$1#0;(+#L2/$%(@M[[OJT(
-04/1$(N$7?1";"85(+"7/$#5C(F";L>6/0C(-045;012( :,6)*#LUHT#)67#01%#<6=5*,69%60C#.4$:04$2(9"4(
::OY\GOZS' H$9$17$(.4"7L4$>$1#(,8$175C(-/1/%#45("9(H$9$17$C(
W4/%#";C(En'(OM(::'(
-"4$;C(D'-'-'(012(.4/7$C(!'-'(@M[[OJT(N?$(
6/"8$"7?$>/70;(757;$%("9(#407$(>$#0;%(/1(#?$("7$01%'( ^005>0K$4%C(+'(@M[[OJT(-04/#/>$(N401%:"4#(x(`/8?(
+7/$17$C(O[[C(XRRGXRY' +$0%()"3$41017$(i(^$8L;0#/"1%C(4/%K%(012(#?$(A-B(
^$8/>$'(A1#$410#/"10;(I"4K%?":("1()"3$41017$("9(
-"%74":C(,'C(012(+P/9#(^'(@&XXXJT(80()605-#Z*,605%*#
`/8?(+$0%(W/"2/3$4%/#5(F"1%$430#/"1(&YGM[(]L1$(
J%0)-%)6._#$%-%60#*%.%)*-1#,6#R5.0*53'05,6>#<-,(,&E#
M[[OC(F0/41%C(,L%#40;/0
)67#Q94)-0.C#,(^$:"4#(#"()4$$1:$07$(En'(-047?(
&XXXC(&[Z(::'( ^03$1(]'C(n'(F0;2$/40C(`'(*;2$49/$;2C(B'(`"$8?G
)L;26$48C(.'(_/%%C(E'(^/$6$%$;;C(]'(+?$:?$42C(F'(
!0#/"10;(^$%$047?(F"L17/;(F">>/##$$("1(B/;(/1(#?$(
NL4;$5(012(,']'(I0#%"1'(@M[[SJT(B7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(
+$0(@M[[OJT(N5(#56#01%#:%)#QQQ_#Q64'0.>#Z)0%.>#)67#
2L$(#"(/174$0%/18(0#>"%:?$4/7(7046"1(2/"=/2$'(.";/75(
<//%-0.C(!0#/"10;(^$%$047?(F"L17/;(B7$01(+#L2/$%(
2"7L>$1#(&MU[SC(N?$(^"50;(+"7/$#5C(EnC(\Z::'
W"042(012(-04/1$(W"042(H/3/%/"1%("9(*04#?(012(
_/9$(+#L2/$%(012(N401%:"4#0#/"1(^$%$047?(W"042'( ^/7?042%"1C(I']'C()4$$1$C(F'^'C(-0?1$C(F'A'C(012(
!0#/"10;(,702$>5(.4$%%C(I0%?/18#"1C(HFC(E+,'( N?">:%"1C(H'`'(@&XXSJT(;)*56%#;)99)(.#)67#",5.%'(
M\S(::'( ,702$>/7(.4$%%C(+01(H/$8"C(F0;/9"41/0C(E+,T(::'(
OMM(i(RMO
!^F(@&XZSJT(B/;(/1(#?$(+$0'(A1:L#%C(D0#$%(012(*99$7#%'(
!0#/"10;(^$%$047?(F"L17/;C(&%#($2/#/"1'(!0#/"10;( ^/$8;$4C(_'(@M[[\JT(*99$7#%("9(01#?4":"8$1/7(1"/%$("1(
,702$>/7(.4$%%C(I0%?/18#"1(H'F'C(\[&:' 7$#07$01%T(,(4$3/$P'(<67)6&%*%7#:4%-5%.#!47)0%C(
B7#"6$4GH$7$>6$4(M[[\'(
B44C(]'F'C(D0645C(a']'C(,L>"1#C(B'C(W"::C(_'C(H"1$5C(
+'F'C(D$$;5C(^','C()10102$%/K01C(,'C()4L6$4C(!'C( ^"L%%$;C(*'(@M[[MJT(H/%#L46017$(#"(-$2/#$4401$01(
A%?/20C(,'C(]""%C(D'C(n$5C(^'-'C(_/12%05C(n'C(-0/$4G 7$#07$01%(70L%$2(65(1"/%$'(A1T()'(!"#04604#";"(2/(
^$/>$4C(*'C(-0#$04C(^'C(-"19405C(.'C(-"L7?$#C(,'C( +7/040(@*2'J(F$#07$01%("9(#?$(-$2/#$4401$01(012(
!0dd04C(^')'C(.;0##1$4C()'n'C(^"28$4%C(n'W'C(+06/1$C( W;07K(+$0%T(+#0#$("9(n1"P;$28$(012(F"1%$430#/"1(
F'_'C(+04>/$1#"C(]'_'C(+7?;/#<$4C(^'C(+;0#$4C(^'H'C( +#40#$8/$%'(,(4$:"4#(#"(#?$(,FFBW,-+(+$74$#04/0#C(
N"##$42$;;C(A']'C(I$/4/8C(-'D'C(z0>010K0C(z'(012(z"";C( -"107"C(D$64L045(M[[MC(+$7#/"1(&O'
,'(@M[[SJT(,1#?4":"8$1/7("7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1("3$4(
^L2";:?C(]'(012(]"?1$1C(.']'(@&XX[JT(-$0%L4$>$1#%(
#?$(#P$1#5G9/4%#(7$1#L45(012(/#%(/>:07#("1(70;7/95/18(
"9(;/8?#(0#>"%:?$4/7(?524"7046"1%("3$4(#?$(,#;01#/7(
"4801/%>%'(")0'*%(ROYT(\Z&i\Z\'
/1(4$8/"1%("9(;"P(6/";"8/70;(07#/3/#5'(`,'*6)(#,/#
B+.,^(F">>/%%/"1(@M[[[JT(yL0;/#5(+#0#L%( 2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(XST(M[SZOGM[SX&'
^$:"4#(M[[[C(^$8/"1(a(i(I/2$4(,#;01#/7'(B+.,^(
^L/<C()'-'C(-/;;$4C(,'I'C(_/"1C(n'C(+#$3$%C(W'C(,41P/1$C(
F">>/%%/"1C(_"12"1'(&&[(o=///(::'
,'C(F";;/1$##/C(*'(x(I$;;%C(*'(@M[[&JT(+#0#L%(012(
B#;$5C(`'(012(A18?0>(^'(@M[[OJT(-04/1$(2$64/%(%L43$5%( #4$12%("9(60;;0%#(P0#$4(>0108$>$1#(/1(#?$(E1/#$2(
0#(a";L1#$$4(W$07?C(D0;K;012(A%;012%C(2L4/18(#?$( +#0#$%'(D/4%#(6/$11/0;(4$:"4#("9(#?$(!0#/"10;(W0;;0%#(
%L>>$4("9(M[[&U[M'(;)*56%#+,(('05,6#V'((%056(R\T( A19"4>0#/"1(F;$04/18?"L%$T(%L6>/##$2(#"(E1/#$2(
&SORG&SOX' +#0#$%(F"0%#()L042C(M[[&'(,30/;06;$(94">(?##:TUU
/130%/"1%'%/'$2LU!WAFU16/7}1$P%'?#>'
.0#/1C(+'(@&XXXJT(<6=5*,69%60)(#Q94)-0#,/#01%#N//.1,*%#
N5(#)67#2).#Q67'.0*EC(*7"-"1/#"4(.L6;/%?/18C(*0%#( +04#/1C(]'`'C(`0;%0;;C(F']'C(^"6$4#%"1C(_','C()"1042C(
!"4#?:"4#C(!$P(z"4KC(E+,C(RMS::'( ^')'C(-07n$1</$C(,'^'C(W$44$%?$/>C(`'(012(`$P/##(
F'!'(@M[[MJT(N$>:"40;(:0##$41%C(%"L47$%C(012(%/1K%(
.0##$4%"1C(N'_'(012(HL7$C(^','(@&XX&JT(N?$(757;$("9(
"9(FZGF&\(?524"7046"1%(/1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$("9(-07$(
0#>"%:?$4/7(702>/L>("3$4(#?$(!"4#?(.07/9/7(B7$01'(
`$02C(A4$;012'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[Y(
D%(('.(ROWT(&MGMX'
2"/&['&[MXUM[[[]H[[[MOM'
.05$#C(^','C(+""8L1C(!'C(^010/3"%"1C(*'C(.05$#C(^']'(
+F,^(,2(`"7()4"L:("1(-04/1$(,7"L%#/7(N$7?1";"85(
012(,;/(,62L;;0?(D'(@M[[RJT(A12/01(B7$01(A%;012%'(
012(#?$(*13/4"1>$1#(@M[[MJT(Q94)-0.#,/#;)*56%#
E1/#$2(!0#/"1%(*13/4"1>$1#0;(.4"840>(@E!*.JC(
8-,'.05-#D%-16,(,&E#,6#01%#860)*-05-#<6=5*,69%60C#
)AI,(^$8/"10;(,%%$%%>$1#(RS6C(E1/3$4%/#5("9(
a$4%/"1(&'M(]L;5(M[[M'()$"%7/$17$(,L%#40;/0C(
n0;>04C(+P$2$1C(Z&(o(=3(::'
F016$440C(,L%#40;/0C(\Y(::'(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(C?
+7?L6$4#C(^'C(`']'(+7?$;;1?L6$4C(!'(WL7?>011C(,'( 012(F"0%#0;(.4"#$7#/"1(H/3/%/"1(B99/7$("9(I$#;012%C(
*:/1$5C(^'()4/$„?0>>$4C(-'(nL;$%%0C(H'(-$%%1$4C( B7$01%C(012(I0#$4%?$2%C(B99/7$("9(I0#$4C(&M[[C(
+'(^0?>%#"49C(012(]'(+7?>/2'(@M[[\JT(N?$(DL#L4$( .$11%5;301/0(,3$1L$(!IC(I0%?/18#"1(H'F(M[R\['
B7$01%(i(I04>/18(E:C(^/%/18(`/8?C(NL41/18(
E1/#$2(+#0#$%(*13/4"1>$1#0;(.4"#$7#/"1(,8$175'(@M[[MJ'(
+"L4'()$4>01(,23/%"45(F"L17/;("1();"60;(F?018$(
J*'5.%#:154#+('9%#D*)-F56&#:'*=%E#$%4,*0'(E+*.,C(
@I)WEJ'(?##:TUUPPP'P68L'2$'(A+W!(OGXO\&X&G&R'
B7$01%(012(F"0%#0;(.4"#$7#/"1(H/3/%/"1(B99/7$("9(
+7?L%#$4C(E'(012(I0#%"1C(,']'(@M[[YJT(,(304/06;$(012( I$#;012%C(B7$01%C(012(I0#$4%?$2%C(B99/7$("9(I0#$4C(
2$74$0%/18(%/1K(9"4(0#>"%:?$4/7(FBM(/1(#?$(!"4#?( &M[[C(.$11%5;301/0(,3$1L$(!IC(I0%?/18#"1(H'F(
,#;01#/7'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&&MC( M[R\['
F&&[[\C(2"/T(&['&[MXUM[[\]F[[OXR&'
E1/#$2(+#0#$%(*13/4"1>$1#0;(.4"#$7#/"1(,8$175(@M[[YJT(
+$/19$;2C(]'(`'(012(.012/%C(+'(!'(@&XXZJT(,#>"%:?$4/7( R*)/0#J*'5.%#:154#R5.-1)*&%#8..%..9%60#$%4,*0'(
F?$>/%#45(012(.?5%/7%T(D4">(,/4(.";;L#/"1(#"(F;/>0#$( E+*.,C(B7$01%(012(F"0%#0;(.4"#$7#/"1(H/3/%/"1(
F?018$C(]"?1(I/;$5(012(+"1%C(!$P(z"4KC(&OM\::' B99/7$("9(I$#;012%C(B7$01%C(012(I0#$4%?$2%C(
B99/7$("9(I0#$4C(&M[[C(.$11%5;301/0(,3$1L$(!IC(
+/>"12%C(-'C(H";>01C(+'(012(I$/;804#C(_'(@M[[OJT(B7$01%(
I0%?/18#"1(H'F(M[R\['
"9(!"/%$'(,(IHF+(+7/$17$(^$:"4#'(I?0;$(012(H";:?/1(
F"1%$430#/"1(+"7/$#5(@IHF+JC(I/;#%?/4$C(EnC(&\S::' a01(H5K$C(]'-'C()0421$4C(*','C(012(-"4801C(]'^'(
@M[[RJT(I?0;$%C(%L6>04/1$%C(012(07#/3$(%"104'(
+;$>4C(D'(012(_018$4(*'(@&XXMJT(A174$0%$(/1(8;"60;(
N-%)6#a%)*3,,F(a";'(&ZT(::'(OO[(i(O\O'(
0#>"%:?$4/7(7"17$1#40#/"1%("9(>$47L45(/19$44$2(94">(
#?$(>$0%L4$>$1#("3$4(#?$(,#;01#/7(B7$01'(")0'*%( 301(`$$%C(I'(@&XYYJT(+$P08$(H/%7?048$%(94">(+?/:%(
OSST(RORGROY' N401%/#/18(F"0%#0;(+0;#(I0#$4%'(P)0%*#$%.,'*-%.#
V'((%056(&OT(M&SGMMX'
+>/#?C(-'*'C(n01$C(,'+'(012(."::$4C(,'!'(@M[[RJT(
!"/%$G/12L7$2(%#4$%%(4$%:"1%$(012(?$04/18(;"%%( a0%7"17$;"%C(^'B'C(F;040C(-'C(,>"4/>C(.'C(012(_02/7?C(
/1(8";29/%?(@J)*)..5'.#)'*)0'.J'(D1%#`,'*6)(#,/# D'(@M[[YJT(*99$7#%("9(%?/:(1"/%$("1(#?$(2$#$7#06/;/#5("9(
<@4%*59%60)(#V5,(,&E(M[YT(RMYiROS'( 7">>L1/70#/"1(%/810;%(/1(#?$(_L%/#01/01(#"029/%?'(D1%#
`,'*6)(#,/#<@4%*59%60)(#V5,(,&E(M&[T(M&[RiM&&M'
+B_,+(@+L4907$GB7$01(_"P$4G,#>"%:?$4$(+#L25J(
@M[[RJT(+7/$17$(.;01(012(A>:;$>$1#0#/"1(+#40#$85'( a$4"1C(,'C(F?L47?C(N'C(.0##$4%"1C(F'F'C(*4$;C(N'(012(
A)W.(^$:"4#(S[C(A)W.(+$74$#04/0#C(+#"7K?";>'( -$44/;;C(]'(@&XXMJT(F"1#/1$1#0;("4/8/1(012(/12L%#4/0;(
%"L47$("9(#407$(>$#0;%(/1(#?$(1"4#?P$%#(,#;01#/7(
+#"7K?";>(F"13$1#/"1(@M[[&JT(+#"7K?";>(F"13$1#/"1("1(
#4":"%:?$4$'(`,'*6)(#,/#809,.41%*5-#J1%95.0*E(&RT(
.$4%/%#$1#(B4801/7(.";;L#01#%'(,30/;06;$("1;/1$T(?##:TUU
OOXGOS&
PPP':":%'/1#U2"7L>$1#%U7"13#$=#U7"13#$=#}$1':29(
I0;>%;$5C(H'(@M[[YJT(D1%#<//%-0.#,/#",5.%#,6#01%#
E!*.(@M[[SJT(N"P042%(0(E!*.(*13/4"1>$1#(I0#7?(
8I')05-#<6=5*,69%60'(+$/%>/7(A13$4#$640#$(^$%$047?C#
+5%#$>C(jn1"P;$28$(/%(01(0%%$#(#?0#(84"P%(P?$1(
F"19$4$17$(^$:"4#C(!56"48C(H$1>04KC(MS::'
%?04$2l'(+L>>045("9(H409#(a$4%/"1C(,L8L%#(M[[S'(Y(
::'(,30/;06;$("1;/1$T(PPP'L1$:'"48U%7/$17$/1/#/0#/3$U I/;%"1C(^'H'C(-"108?01C(.'`'C(B%01/KC(,'C(.4/7$C(_'F'C(
*13/4"1>$1#}I0#7?}H"7L>$1#%UE!*.} 012(^"8$4%(-','(@&XYRJT#!0#L40;(>04/1$("/;(%$$:08$'(
*13/4"1>$1#}P0#7?cM[+5%#$>':29( :-5%6-%(&ZRT(ZSYiZ\S'
E!*.(@M[[\0JT(F?0;;$18$%(#"(A1#$410#/"10;(I0#$4%(i( I/12">C(`'_'(@&XXMJT(F"1#0>/10#/"1("9(#?$(>04/1$(
^$8/"10;(,%%$%%>$1#%(/1(0();"60;(.$4%:$7#/3$'( $13/4"1>$1#(94">(;012G60%$2(%"L47$%'(;)*56%#
E1/#$2(!0#/"1%(*13/4"1>$1#(.4"840>>$C(!0/4"6/C( +,(('05,6#V'((%056(MS(@&GRJT(OM(i(O\'(
n$150C(&MR(::'
ILC(]'(012(W"5;$(*','(@&XXYJT(_$02(/1(#?$(P$%#$41(
E!*.(@M[[\6JT(N?$(+#0#$("9(#?$(-04/1$(*13/4"1>$1#'( !"4#?(,#;01#/7(B7$01T(F">:;$#$2(4$%:"1%$(#"(;$02$2(
N4$12%(012(:4"7$%%$%'(E1/#$2(!0#/"1%(*13/4"1>$1#( 80%";/1$(:?0%$"L#'(2%,-1595-)#%0#J,.9,-1595-)#
.4"840>>$'();"60;(.4"840>>$("9(,7#/"1(9"4(#?$( 8-0)(\&T(OMYXGOMZO'
.4"#$7#/"1("9(#?$(-04/1$(*13/4"1>$1#(94">(_012G
zLK/$C(-C(A%"6$&C(N'C(N0K020C(`'C(n01$?/4"C(`'C(B?#0K$C(
60%$2(,7#/3/#/$%'
F'(012(n0>/1L>0C(N'(@M[[&JT(.;0%#/7(^$%/1(.$;;$#%(
E!*.(@M[[SJT(-04/1$(_/##$4C(01(010;5#/70;("3$43/$P'(E1/#$2( 0%(0(N401%:"4#(-$2/L>(9"4(N"=/7(F?$>/70;%(/1(#?$(
!0#/"1%(*13/4"1>$1#(.4"840>>$C(!0/4"6/C(RY::' -04/1$(*13/4"1>$1#'(<6=5*,69%60)(#:-5%6-%#[#
D%-16,(,&E#OST(O&ZGOMR'
E!*.GIF-F(@M[[YJT();"60;(-04/1$(,%%$%%>$1#%T(
,(%L43$5("9(8;"60;(012(4$8/"10;(0%%$%%>$1#%(012( f?018C(z'C(f?$18C(_'C(_/LC(q'C(]/7K$;;%C(N'C(F0:$C(]'!'C(
4$;0#$2(07#/3/#/$%("9(#?$(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#'(E!*.U )"L;2/18C(n'C(D018>$/$4C(,'(012(f?018C(D'(@M[[ZJT(
E!*+FBGABFUE!*.GIF-F'(SM(::' *3/2$17$(9"4("4801/7(!(2$:"%/#/"1(012(/#%(01#?4":"8$1/7(
%"L47$%(/1(F?/10'(,#>"%'(*13/4"1'C(RMT(&[OSG&[R&'
E1/#$2(+#0#$%(*13/4"1>$1#0;(.4"#$7#/"1(,8$175'(
@M[[[J'(J*'5.%#:154#P150%#+)4%*'(E+*.,C(B7$01%(

CA$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
&(()3$?E$G!G>!#B5&/<!)*

,( 70#$8"4/<$2( %$;$7#/"1( "9( :L6;/70#/"1%C( 4$;$301#( #"( )0/$4"C(H'C(.4"6%#C(]'C(H$:$#4/%C(]'C(W/204#C(+'(012(

0%%$%%/18(:";;L#/"1("9(#?$(":$1("7$01%C(%L::;$>$1#/18( _$;$5#$4C(_'(@M[[OJT(A4"1(012("#?$4(#401%/#/"1(>$#0;%(
7/#0#/"1%(/1(#?$(#$=# /1(.0#08"1/01(4/3$46"41$(012(P/126"41$(>0#$4/0;%T(
)$"7?$>/70;(7"1#4";(012(#401%:"4#(#"(#?$(%"L#?$41(
+"L#?(,#;01#/7(B7$01'(2%,-1595-)#%0#J,.9,-1595-)#
&2"#*/<)5!+$!(/'2* 8-0)(\YT(O\[OGO\MO'
A*2&(12#,A#&!2" )*+,-.(@&XZXJT(N?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#("9(#407$(
,4/>"#"C(^'C(HL7$C(^','C(^05C(W']'(012(E11/C(F'n'( %:$7/$%(#"(#?$(P"4;2("7$01'()*+,-.(^$:"4#%(012(
@&XZSJT(,#>"%:?$4/7(#407$($;$>$1#%(0#(*1$P$#0K( +#L2/$%(!"'(OZC(I"4;2(-$#$"4";"8/70;(B4801/<0#/"1C(
,#";;T(AA'(N401%:"4#(#"(#?$("7$01(65(P$#(012(245( &&&::'
2$:"%/#/"1'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(X[T(
`$;>$4%C(*'(012(+7?4$>%C(B'(@&XXSJT(I$#(2$:"%/#/"1(
MOX&GMR[Z'
"9(>$#0;%(#"(#?$(#4":/70;(!"4#?(012(#?$(+"L#?(,#;01#/7(
,4/>"#"C(^'C(HL7$C(^','C(^05C(W']'C(`$P/##C(,'H'( B7$01'(809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60(MXT(MRYSGMRZR'
012(I/;;/0>%C(]'(@&XZYJT(N407$($;$>$1#%(/1(#?$(
`";>$%C(]'(012(f";;$4C(I'(@&XX\JT(N?$($;$>$1#0;(
0#>"%:?$4$("9(,>$4/701(+0>"0T(F"17$1#40#/"1%(012(
%/810#L4$("9(#401%:"4#$2(,%/01(2L%#(0#(-0L10(_"0(
2$:"%/#/"1(#"(#?$(#4":/70;(+"L#?(.07/9/7'(`,'*6)(#,/#
"6%$430#"45'(D%(('.(RZWT(ZOGXM'
2%,41E.5-)(#^$%$047?(XMT(ZR\SGZRYX'
]"?01%$1C(,'-'C(+/$9$4#C(^'_'(012(`"99>011C(-'^'(
,4/>"#"C(^'C(^05C(W']'C(HL7$C(^','C(`$P/##C(,'H'C(W";2/C(
@M[[[JT(F?$>/70;(7">:"%/#/"1("9(0$4"%";%(7";;$7#$2(
^'(012(`L2%"1C(,'(@&XX[JT(F"17$1#40#/"1%C(%"L47$%C(
"3$4(#?$(#4":/70;(!"4#?(,#;01#/7(B7$01'(`,'*6)(#,/#
012(9;L=$%("9(#407$($;$>$1#%(/1(#?$(4$>"#$(>04/1$(
2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[ST(&SMYYG&SO&M'
0#>"%:?$4$("9(!$P(f$0;012'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#
$%.%)*-1(XST(MMOZXGMMR[S' n/>C()'(012(F?L47?C(N'(-'(@M[[MJT(I$#(2$:"%/#/"1("9(
#407$($;$>$1#%(012(402"1(20L8?#$4(%5%#$>0#/7%(
,4/>"#"C(^'C(HL7$C(^'C(+03"/$C(H'(012(.4"%:$4"C(]'(
/1(#?$(+"L#?(012($bL0#"4/0;(,#;01#/7(0#>"%:?$4$'(
@&XXMJT(N407$($;$>$1#%(/1(0$4"%";(:04#/7;$%(94">(
2(,3)(#V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.(&\T(&[R\(2"/T&['&[MXU
W$4>L20(012(W04602"%T(F"17$1#40#/"1%C(%"L47$%C(
M[[&)W[[&R[Y'
012(4$;0#/"1%?/:%(#"(0$4"%";(%L;:?0#$'(`,'*6)(#,/#
809,.41%*5-#J1%95.0*E(&RT(ROXiRSY' _/>C(W'C(]/7K$;;%C(N'H'C(F";/1C(]'_'(012(_"%1"C(^'(
@&XXRJT(+";L6/;/#/$%("9(,;C(.6C(FLC(012(f1(/1(40/1(
,4/>"#"C(^'C(HL7$C(^'C(^05C(W'C(FL;;$1C(]'C(-$44/;;C(]'(012(
%0>:;$2(/1(#?$(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#("3$4(#?$(!"4#?(
*;;/%(]4'C(I'(@&XXSJT(N407$($;$>$1#%(/1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$(
,#;01#/7(B7$01(012(-$2/#$4401$01(+$0'(2(,3)(#
"3$4(#?$(!"4#?(,#;01#/7'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#
V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.(ZT(ORXGO\M'
$%.%)*-1(&[[T(&&XXi&M&O'
!04/#0C(z'C(N010K0C(+'(012(+01#"%0C(+'(@&XXXJT(,(%#L25(
,4/>"#"C(^'C(HL7$C(^'C(^05C(W'(012(N"><0C(E'(@M[[OJT(
"1(#?$(7"17$1#40#/"1C(2/%#4/6L#/"1C(012(6$?03/"4("9(
H45(2$:"%/#/"1("9(#407$($;$>$1#%(#"(#?$(P$%#$41(
>$#0;%(/1(0#>"%:?$4/7(:04#/7L;0#$(>0##$4("3$4(#?$(
!"4#?(,#;01#/7'#2(,3)(#V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.!&Y(
!"4#?(.07/9/7(B7$01(65(L%/18(/12L7#/3$;5(7"L:;$2(
2"/T&['&[MXUM[[&)W[[&R[\'
:;0%>0(>0%%(%:$7#4">$#45($bL/::$2(P/#?(;0%$4(
HL7$C(^','C(,4/>"#"C(^'C(^05C(W']'C(E11/C(F'n'(012( 06;0#/"1'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[RT(
`042$4C(.']'(@&XZOJT(,#>"%:?$4/7(#407$($;$>$1#%( M\ZSXGM\Z\\'
0#(*1$P$#0K(,#";;T(A'(F"17$1#40#/"1C(%"L47$%C(012(
BKL20C(N'C(N$1>"KLC(-'C(n0#"C(]'C(-"4/C(]'C(+0#"C(
#$>:"40;(304/06/;/#5'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(
N'C(z"K"7?/C(^'(012(N010K0C(+'(@M[[\JT(_"18G#$4>(
ZZT(SOM&GSORM'
"6%$430#/"1("9(#407$(>$#0;(7"17$1#40#/"1(/1(0$4"%";%(
DLd/#01/C(z'C(B?#0C(+'C(*12"?C(N'C(-L40"C(!'(012( 0#(0(4$>"#$(/%;012C(^/%?/4/C(]0:01(65(L%/18(/12L7#/3$;5(
z0>080#0C(+'(@M[[MJT(-$0%L4$>$1#("9(":#/70;( 7"L:;$2(:;0%>0(>0%%(%:$7#4">$#45($bL/::$2(P/#?(
012(7?$>/70;(:4":$4#/$%("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(0$4"%";%( ;0%$4(06;0#/"1'(P)0%*>#85*>#[#:,5(#+,(('05,6(&YRT(OG&Y'
"3$4(#?$(P$%#$41(.07/9/7(B7$01'(`,'*6)(#,/#2(,3)(#
^…2;$/1C(!'(012(`$L>011C(n')'(@&XXMJT(N407$(010;5%/%(
<6=5*,69%60)(#<6&56%%*56&(ZT(&YiOO'
"9(?$035(>$#0;%(/1(0$4"%";%("3$4(#?$(,#;01#/7(B7$01(
DLd/#01/C(z'C(-L40LC(!'C(B?#0C(+'C(z0>080#0C(+'(012( 94">(,1#047#/70(#"(*L4":$'(Q60%*6)05,6)(#`,'*6)(#,/#
*12"?C(z'(@M[[RJT(,#>"%:?$4/7(0$4"%";%("3$4(#?$( <6=5*,69%60)(#86)(E05-)(#J1%95.0*E(RZT(&MYG&S['
I$%#$41(.07/9/7(B7$01(2L4/18(#?$(^Ua(-040/(74L/%$%(
^…2;$/1C(!'(012(`$L>011C(n')'(@&XXSJT(+/<$(
/1(M[[M'(`,'*6)(##,/#01%#;%0%,*,(,&5-)(#:,-5%0E#,/#
9407#/"10#$2(/>:07#"4(%0>:;/18("9(0$4"%";(:04#/7;$%(
`)4)6(ZMT(&R&YG&ROR'
"3$4(#?$(,#;01#/7("7$01(94">(*L4":$(#"(,1#047#/70(0%(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(CC
 0(>$#?"2";"85(9"4(%"L47$(/2$1#/9/70#/"1("9(F2C(.6C( ":$1("7$01(%L4907$(%$0P0#$4C(O'(_$02'(`,'*6)(#,/#
N;C(!/C(F4C(012(D$'(Z*%.%65'.#`,'*6)(#,/#86)(E05-)(# 2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(XST(SOR&GSORY'
J1%95.0*E(OSMT(YRZGYSS'
+:"K$%C(_'C(]/7K$;;%C(N'(012(]043/%C(n'(@M[[&JT(
a~4"1C(,'(012(F?L47?C(N'(@&XXYJT(E%$("9(%#06;$(;$02( ,#>"%:?$4/7(/1:L#%("9(#407$(>$#0;%(#"(#?$(1"4#?$0%#(
/%"#":$%(012(#407$(>$#0;%(#"(7?0407#$4/<$(0/4(>0%%( ,#;01#/7(B7$01T(#?$(/>:"4#017$("9(%"L#?$0%#$4;5(9;"P'(
%"L47$%(/1#"(#?$($0%#$41(!"4#?(,#;01#/7'(`,'*6)(#,/# ;)*56%#J1%95.0*E(Y\T(O&XGOO['
2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[MT(MZ[RXGMZ[SZ'
A#+7*+;
au;K$1/18C(]'(012(`$L>011C(n')'(@&XX[JT(`$035(>$#0;%(
*6/18?0L%C(^'C(n"7KC(`'C(F/88/1%C(,'C(+:0/1C(N'C(
/1(#?$(1$04(%L4907$(0$4"%";("3$4(#?$(,#;01#/7(B7$01(
]$11/18%C(+'(012(N$>>$C(F'(@M[[MJT(_"18G#$4>(
94">(\[G2$84$$%(+"L#?(#"(SRG2$84$$%(!"4#?'(`,'*6)(#
>$0%L4$>$1#%("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(>$47L45(0#(-07$(
,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(XST(M[\MOGM[\OM'
`$02C(A4/%?(P$%#(7"0%#C(6$#P$$1(&XXS(012(M[[&'(
I/##C(-'C(W0K$4C(,'^'(012(]/7K$;;%C(N'H'(@M[[\JT( 809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60(O\T(SM\YGSMY\'
,#>"%:?$4/7(#407$(>$#0;%("3$4(#?$(,#;01#/7(012(+"L#?(
n/>C(n'C(*6/18?0L%C(^'C(+7?4"$2$4C(I'C(W;017?042C(.'C(
A12/01(B7$01%T(A13$%#/80#/"1("9(>$#0;(7"17$1#40#/"1%(
n"7KC(`'C(+#$9901C(,'C(D4"L2C(D'C(n/>C(-C(`"18C(+'(012(
012(;$02(/%"#":$(40#/"%(/1(7"0%#0;(012(4$>"#$(>04/1$(
n/>C(]'(@M[[SJT(,#>"%:?$4/7(>$47L45(7"17$1#40#/"1%(
0$4"%";%'(809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60(R[T(SROSGSRS&'
94">(%$3$40;("6%$430#"45(%/#$%(/1(#?$(1"4#?$41(
f/$>01C(]'C(`";>$%C(]'C(F"11"4C(H'C(]$1%$1C(F'C(f";;$4C( ?$>/%:?$4$'(`,'*6)(#,/#809,.41%*5-#J1%95.0*E(S[T(
I'C(`$4>011C(]'C(.044/18#"1(H'(012()"42"1C()'( &GMR'
@&XXSJT(,#>"%:?$4/7(0$4"%";(#407$($;$>$1#(7?$>/%#45(
_0>6"48C(F'`'C(^";9?L%C(n'^'C(D/#<8$40;2C(I'D'(012(
0#(-0L10(_"0(B6%$430#"45C(&C(&XYX(i(&XZS'(`,'*6)(#
n/>C()'(@&XXXJT(N?$(0#>"%:?$4/7(757;/18(012(0/4G
,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[[T(MSXYXGMSXXR'
%$0($=7?018$("9(>$47L45(%:$7/$%(/1(#?$(+"L#?(012(
S+"#%(7 $bL0#"4/0;(,#;01#/7(B7$01'(R%%4?:%)#$%.%)*-1#QQ(R\T(
XSYGXYY'
-0?$4C(I'(012(WL#;$4C(*'(@&XXZJT(,4%$1/7(/1(#?$(>04/1$(
$13/4"1>$1#'(844(5%7#N*&)6,9%0)((5-#J1%95.0*E(MT( _0>6"48C(F'`'C(D/#<8$40;2C(I'D'C(H0>>01C(,'I'`'C(
&X&GM&R(@&XZZJ' W$1"/#C(]'-'C(W0;7">C(.'`'(012(*18%#4">C(H'^'(
@M[[MJT(-"2$41(012(?/%#"4/7(0#>"%:?$4/7(>$47L45(
-0#%7?L;0##C(]'(@M[[[JT(,4%$1/7(/1(#?$(8$"%:?$4$(G(0(
9;L=$%(/1(6"#?(?$>/%:?$4$%T();"60;(012(4$8/"10;(
4$3/$P'(D1%#:-5%6-%#,/#01%#D,0)(#<6=5*,69%60(MRXT(
>$47L45(757;/18(/>:;/70#/"1'(2(,3)(#V5,&%,-1%95-)(#
MXYGO&M'
JE-(%.(&\T(2"/T&['&[MXUM[[&)W[[&ZRY'
!0K0>L40(-C(-0#%L<"1"C(z'C(N010K0C(+'(012(
_0>6"48C(F'`'C(D/#<8$40;2C(I'D'C(BeH"11$;;C(]'(
`0%?/>"#"C(z'(@&XX[JT(F?$>/70;(9"4>("9(04%$1/7(
012(N"48$4%"1C(N'(@M[[MJT(,(1"1G%#$025(%#0#$(
7">:"L12%(012(2/%#4/6L#/"1("9(#?$/4(7"17$1#40#/"1%(/1(
7">:04#>$1#0;(>"2$;("9(8;"60;G%70;$(>$47L45(
#?$(0#>"%:?$4$'(844(5%7#N*&)6,9%0)((5-#J1%95.0*E(RT(
6/"8$"7?$>/%#45(P/#?(/1#$4?$>/%:?$4/7(0#>"%:?$4/7(
MMOiMO['
8402/$1#%'(2%,-1595-)#%0#J,.9,-1595-)#8-0)(\\T(
C811#+ &&[SG&&&Z'
-04/18C(`'(012(HL7$C(^'(@&XZXJT(N?$(/>:07#("9( -0%"1C(^'.'C(_0P%"1C(!'-'(012(+?$LC()'^'(@M[[&JT(
0#>"%:?$4/7(0$4"%";%("1(#407$(>$#0;(7?$>/%#45(/1( -$47L45(/1(#?$(,#;01#/7(B7$01T(907#"4%(7"1#4";;/18(
":$1("7$01(%L4907$(%$0P0#$4C(M'(F"::$4'(`,'*6)(#,/# 0/4U%$0($=7?018$("9(>$47L45(012(/#%(2/%#4/6L#/"1(/1(#?$(
2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(XRT(&[OXG&[RS' L::$4(P0#$4%'(R%%4?:%)#$%.%)*-1#QQ(RZT(MZMXGMZSO'
I/##C(-'C(012(]/7K$;;%C(N'(@M[[SJT(F"::$4(7">:;$=0#/"1( +L12$4;012C(*'-'(012(-0%"1C(^'.'(@M[[YJT(`L>01(
/1(>04/1$(012(#$44$%#4/0;(40/1P0#$4'(809,.41%*5-# />:07#%("1(":$1("7$01(>$47L45(7"17$1#40#/"1%'(
<6=5*,69%60(OXT(Y\SYGY\\\' 2(,3)(#V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.(M&(2"/T&['&[MXU
M[[\)W[[MZY\'
U#!6
,;;$>01C(_'z'C(F?L47?C(N'-'C(a$4"1C(,']'C(n/>C()'C( N$>>$C(F'C(+;$>4C(D'C(*6/18?0L%C(^'(012(*/10=C(]'(
`0>$;/1C(W'(012(D;$80;C(,'^'(@M[[&JT(A%"#":/7( @M[[OJT(H/%#4/6L#/"1("9(>$47L45("3$4(#?$(,#;01#/7(
$3/2$17$("9(7"1#0>/101#(;$02(/1(#?$(+"L#?(,#;01#/7( B7$01(/1(&XX\(012(&XXXGM[[&'(809,.41%*5-#
#4":"%:?$4$(012(%L4907$(P0#$4%'(R%%4?:%)#$%.%)*-1# <6=5*,69%60(OYT(&ZZXG&ZXY'
QQ(RZT(MZ&&GMZMY' 3+)!%(7",!%6,B3C"
_/1C(D'C(`%LC(+'(012(]$18C(I'(@M[[[JT(_$02(/1(#?$(*0%#( ,#;0%C(*'C(.";;"7KC(I'C()4$$16$48C(]'C(`$/2#C(_'(012(
F?/10(+$0'(;)*56%#<6=5*,69%60)(#$%.%)*-1(RXT( N?">:%"1C(,'-'(@&XXOJT(,;K5;(1/#40#$C(1"1>$#?01$(
OMXGORM' ?524"7046"1%C(012(?0;"7046"1(80%$%("3$4(#?$(
-04/18C(`'(012(HL7$C(^'(@&XX[JT(N?$(/>:07#("9( $bL0#"4/0;(.07/9/7("7$01(2L4/18(+080(O'(`,'*6)(#,/#
0#>"%:?$4/7(0$4"%";%("1(#407$(>$#0;(7?$>/%#45(/1( 2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(XZT(&\XOOG&\[RY'

C8$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
W;0K$C(H'C(F?$1C(N'z'C(+>/#?(]14'C(N'C(I018C(F'_'C( W407$4"C(B'(_'C(-/#40C(,'(.'C(!"30K"3C(N'C(B;#>01%C(+'(
I/18$1#$4C(B'C(W;0K$C(!'C(^"P;012(D'(012(-05$4C(*'( ]'C(.40#?$4C(n'(,'C(^$/1$4C(N'C(^"2?$C(`'C(+7?$$4$1C(
@&XX\JT(N?4$$G2/>$1%/"10;(2/%#4/6L#/"1("9(1"1>$#?01$( `'(,'C(+/KK0C(H'(012(I/;;/0>%C(]'(@M[[&JT(N?$(A12/01(
?524"7046"1%(012(?0;"7046"1%("3$4(#?$(1"4#?P$%#$41( B7$01(*=:$4/>$1#T(I/2$%:4$02(0/4(:";;L#/"1(94">(
.07/9/7(2L4/18(#?$(&XX&(.07/9/7(*=:;"40#"45(-/%%/"1( %"L#?(012(%"L#?$0%#(,%/0'(:-5%6-%(MX&T(&[O&G&[O\'
@.*-GI$%#(,JC(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(
-L?;$C(]'C(f0?1C(,'C(W4$11/1K>$/$4C(F','C()4"%C(a'(
&[&T(&Y\OG&YYZ'
012(F4L#<$1C(.'(@M[[MJT(,/4(>0%%(7;0%%/9/70#/"1(
WL4K$4#C(]'C(,124$%G`$41012$<C(-'H'C(^$/7?$4#C(_'C( 2L4/18(A!HB*q(^Ua($,6)(7#V*,A6(74L/%$(L%/18(
>$0%L4$>$1#%("9(1"1G>$#?01$(?524"7046"1%C(
-$5$4G,>$KC(]'C(H"224/28$C(W'C(H/7K$4%"1C(^'^'C(
F`RC(FBMC(FBC(&RFB(012(2&ZB@FBJ'(`,'*6)(#,/#
-L?;$C(]'C(f0?1C(,'C(F04%$5C(N'(012(WL44"P%C(]'.'(
2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[YT(Z[M&'
@M[[OJT(N407$(80%(012(402/70;(2/L410;(6$?03/"L4(/1(#?$(
>04/1$(6"L12045(;05$4(2L4/18(A!HB*q(&XXX'(`,'*6)(# +0?LC(_C(_0;C(+'(012(a$1K0#040>01/C(+'(@M[[\JT(
,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[ZT(Z[[['( H/%#4/6L#/"1%("9(BOC(FBC(012(?524"7046"1%("3$4(#?$(
W05("9(W$180;T(,(%#L25(#"(0%%$%%(#?$(4";$("9(#401%:"4#(
2$()"LPC(]','C(I041$K$C(F'C(+7?$$4$1C(`','C(301(2$4(
94">(%"L#?$41(A12/0(012(>04/1$(4$8/"1%(2L4/18(
a$$1C(F'C(W";2$4C(-'C(+7?$$;$C(-'.'C(I/;;/0>%C(]'C(
+$:#$>6$4GB7#"6$4(M[[M'(809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60(
I"18C(+'C(_018$C(_'C(D/%7?$4C(`'(012(_$;/$3$;2C(]'(
R[T(R\OOGR\RS'
@M[[&JT(B3$43/$P("9(#?$(#407$(80%(>$0%L4$>$1#%("1(
6"042(F/#0#/"1(0/47409#(2L4/18(#?$(/1#$1%/3$(9/$;2(:?0%$( +0/#"C(N'C(z"K"L7?/C(z'(012(n0P0>L40C(n'(@M[[[JT(
"9(A!HB*q'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1#&[\T( H/%#4/6L#/"1("9(FMiF\(?524"7046"1%("3$4(#?$(P$%#$41(
MZCRSOGMZCR\Y'( .07/9/7(012($0%#$41(A12/01(B7$01'(809,.41%*5-#
<6=5*,69%60(ORT(ROYOiROZ&'
)4$8"45C()'_'C(W07?>$/$4C(,'F'C(W;0K$C(H'^'C(`$/K$%C(
W')'C(N?"41#"1C(H'F'C(W0125C(,'^'C(W402%?0PC(]'H'( +/18?C(`'C(F?$1C(z'C(+#0L2#C(,'C(W;0K$C(H'C(`$/K$%C(
012(n"12"C(z'(@&XX\JT(F?$>/70;(%/810#L4$("9(08$2( W'(012(+1"P(]'(@M[[&JT(*3/2$17$(94">(#?$(:07/9/7(
.07/9/7(>04/1$(0/4T(-/=$2(;05$4(012(94$$(#4":"%:?$4$( #4":"%:?$4$(9"4(;048$(8;"60;(%"L47$%("9("=58$10#$2(
0%(>$0%L4$2(2L4/18(.*-GI$%#(,'(`,'*6)(#,/# "4801/7(7">:"L12%C#")0'*%(R&[T(&[YZG&[Z&'
2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[&T(&YMYG&XRM'
+/18?C(`'C(N060<02$?C(,'C(*301%C(-']'C(D/$;2C(W'H'C(
`$/K$%C(W')'C(F?018C(I'C(./;%"1C(-'*'y'C(+P/9#C(*'C( ]07"6C(D']'C(+07?%$C()'C(F40P9"42C(]'`'C(+?$##$4C(^'(
+/18?C(`'C()L$1#?$4C(,'C(]07"6C(H']'C(D/$;2C(W'H'C(D0;;C( 012(W4L1$C(I'`'(@M[[OJT(B=58$10#$2(3";0#/;$("4801/7(
^'C(^/$>$4C(H'(012(W4012C(_'(@M[[MJT(,#>"%:?$4/7( 7?$>/70;%(/1(#?$("7$01%T(A19$4$17$%(012(/>:;/70#/"1%(
>$#?01";(6L28$#(012("7$01(/>:;/70#/"1%'(2(,3)(# 60%$2("1(0#>"%:?$4/7("6%$430#/"1%(012(0/4G%$0(
V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.(&\T(&&OO' $=7?018$(>"2$;%'(2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1#O%00%*.(O[T(
&Z\M'(
`":K/1%C(]'C(]"1$%C(A'C(_$P/%C(,'C(-7yL0/2C(]'(012(
+$0K/1%C(.'(@M[[MJT(!"1G>$#?01$(?524"7046"1%(/1(#?$( I041$K$C(F'(012(2$()"LPC(]'(@M[[&JT(B4801/7(#407$(80%(
,47#/7(6"L12045(;05$4'(809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60(O\T( 7">:"%/#/"1("9(#?$(>04/1$(6"L12045(;05$4("3$4(#?$(
OM&YGOMMX'
1"4#?P$%#(A12/01("7$01(/1(,:4/;C(M[[['(809,.41%*5-#
`L2%"1C(*'C(012(,4/50C(.'(@M[[YJT(-$0%L4$>$1#%("9( <6=5*,69%60(OST(SXMOGSXOO'
1"1G>$#?01$(?524"7046"1%C(HBF(/1(%L4907$("7$01(
P0#$4%(012(0$4"%";%("3$4(#?$(!"42/7(%$0%(2L4/18( I/;;$5C(]'C(n/$6$4C(^'C(*5>01C(-'(012(,3$45C()'(@M[[[JT(
4,()*.0%*6#74L/%$(,^nGqqU&(M[[R'#J1%9,.41%*%(\XT( ^0/1P0#$4(2/%%";3$2("4801/7(7046"1T(F"17$1#40#/"1%(
&RYRG&RZR' 012(8;"60;(9;L='(2(,3)(#V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.(&RT(
&OXG&RX'
n"::>01C(^'C(W0L$4C(^'C(]"?1$1C(D']'C(.;0%%C(F'(
012(^L2";:?C(]'(@&XXMJT(N?$(2/%#4/6L#/"1("9(;/8?#( I/;;/0>%C(]'C(`";</18$4C(^'C()4"%C(a'C(qLC(q'C(,#;0%C(
1"1>$#?01$(?524"7046"1%("3$4(#?$(>/2G,#;01#/7T( *'(012(I0;;07$C(H'(I'(^'(@M[[RJT(-$0%L4$>$1#%(
4$%L;#%("9(#?$(.";04%#$41(74L/%$(,!N(aAAU&'(`,'*6)(#,/# "9("4801/7(%:$7/$%(/1(0/4(012(%$0P0#$4(94">(#?$(
809,.41%*5-#J1%95.0*E(&ST(M&SGMOR' #4":/70;(,#;01#/7'(2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1#O%00%*.(O&(
2"/T&['&[MXUM[[R)_[M[[&M(@M[[RJ'
_$P/%C(,'F'C(-7yL0/2C(]'W'C(F04%;0PC(!'C012(
./;;/18C(-']'(@&XXXJT(H/L410;(757;$%("9(%?"4#G;"3$2(
#4":"%:?$4/7(0;K$1$%(0#(0(!"4#?(,#;01#/7(7"0%#0;(%/#$'( N3N"I,N=0"I,!%6,C'C"
809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60(OOT(MR&YGMRMM' -072"10;2C(^'I'C(`041$4C(N'(N'(012(D59$C(]'(@M[[SJT(
_$;/$3$;2C(]'C(F4L#<$1C(.'(]'C(^0>010#?01C(a'C(,124$0$C( ^$7$1#(7;/>0#$(7?018$(/1(#?$(,47#/7(012(/#%(/>:07#("1(
-'(B'C(W4$11/1K>$/d$4C(F'(,'(-'C(F0>:"%CN'C(F0%%C( 7"1#0>/101#(:0#?P05%(012(/1#$4:4$#0#/"1("9(#$>:"40;(
)'(^'C(H/7K$4%"1C(^'(^'C(D/%7?$4C(`'C(2$()"LPC(]'(,'C( #4$12(20#0'(:-5%6-%#,/#01%#D,0)(#<6=5*,69%60(ORMT(
`01%$;C(,'C(]$99$4%"1C(,'C(n;$5C(H'C(2$(_00#C(,'N'(]'C( SiZ\'
_0;C(+'C(_0P4$17$C(-'()'C(_"6$4#C(]'(-'C(-05";G

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(C\
E!*.U.B.+UFB.'OUA!DU&S(@M[[YJT(E:20#$2( C3/,!%6,J3/,Q$(""(8%",9+8$,J5(11(%)
/19"4>0#/"1("1($=/%#/18(?L>01(?$0;#?(012( W$1K"3/#<C(F'-'C(,K/>"#"C(`'C(F"46$##C(]']'C(-"6;$5C(
$13/4"1>$1#(>"1/#"4/18(:4"840>>$%'E1/#$2(!0#/"1%( ]'H'C(B;/3/$4C(]')']'C(B?040C(N'C(301(,042$11$C(]','(
*13/4"1>$1#0;(.4"840> 012(a$%#4$18C(a'(@M[[RJT(F">:/;0#/"1("9(4$8/"10;(#"(
E!*.(@E1/#$2(!0#/"1%(*13/4"1>$1#(.4"840>>$J( 8;"60;(/13$1#"4/$%("9(01#?4":"8$1/7($>/%%/"1%("9(
@M[[OJT(F?$>/70;%(.07/9/7(A%;012%'(^$8/"10;(^$:"4#C( %L;:?L4(012(1/#4"8$1'(::'(&YG\X(A1T()01/$4C(F'($#(0;'(
SR::' @$2%'J(*>/%%/"1%("9(,#>"%:?$4/7(N407$(F">:"L12%'(
n;LP$4(,702$>/7(.L6;/%?$4%C(#?$(!$#?$4;012%'(
*L4":$01(F?$>/70;%(WL4$0L(@*+A+JT(*L4":$01(
7?$>/70;(+L6%#017$%(A19"4>0#/"1(+5%#$>(20#060%$'( W$1K"3/#<C(F'-'C(+7?";#<C(-'N'C(.07510C(]'C(N0440%†1C(
?##:TUU$76'd47'/#U$%/%U/12$=':?:|.)-r:6# _'C(H/81"1C(]'C(a";21$4C(*'F'C(+:/4"C(.','C(_"801C(]','(
012()40$2$;C(N'*'(@&XX\JT();"60;(84/22$2(/13$1#"4/$%(
C!+F8%,G(8H(6#I,J*29*+,G(8H(6#,!%6,K(&+8)#%, "9(01#?4":"8$1/7($>/%%/"1%("9(%L;9L4(012(1/#4"8$1C#
3H(6#" `,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[&(@HMMJT(MXMOXi
D$$;5C(^','C(+06/1$C(F'_'C(_$$C(n'C(W$4$;%"1C(I'C( MXMSR'
n;$5:0%C(]C'(D0645C(a']'(012(-/;;$4"C(D']'(@M[[RJT(
F*(H$;9#C()$4>01/%7?$4(_;"52C(-,^A!N*nC(012(H$#(
A>:07#("9(01#?4":"8$1/7(FBM("1(#?$(F0FBO(%5%#$>(
!"4%K$(a$4/#0%(@M[[\JT()4$$1?"L%$()0%(*>/%%/"1%(
/1(#?$("7$01%'(:-5%6-%(O[ST(O\MGO\\'
9"4(+?/::/18(012(A>:;$>$1#0#/"1("9(#?$(-04/1$(
)L/1"##$C(]'C(WL22$>$/$4C(^'I'(012(n;$5:0%C(]'(@M[[OJT( +L;:?L4(H/4$7#/3$C(.L6;/70#/"1(1L>6$4T([\'R&[O'\&'(
DL#L4$(7"40;(4$$9(?06/#0#(>048/10;/#5T(#$>:"40;(012( F*(H$;9#C(H$;9#C(N?$(!$#?$4;012%'(MY\::'
%:0#/0;($99$7#%("9(7;/>0#$(7?018$(/1(#?$(.07/9/7(60%/1'(
F0:0;2"C(n'C(F"46$##C(]']'C(n0%/6?0#;0C(.'C(D/%7?6$7KC(.'(
J,*)(#$%%/.(MMT(SS&GSSZ'
012(.012/%C(+'!'(@&XXXJT(*99$7#%("9(%?/:($>/%%/"1%("1(
_L>%2$1C(+'*'C'(`"L4/801C(N'D'C(W4L7K1$4C(,'I'(012( %L;:?L4(757;/18(012(402/0#/3$(7;/>0#$(9"47/18("3$4(#?$(
H"44()'(@$2%'J(@M[[ZJT(N?$(%#0#$("9(2$$:(7"40;( "7$01'(")0'*%(R[[T(YROiYR\'
$7"%5%#$>%("9(#?$(E1/#$2(+#0#$%'(!B,,(#$7?1/70;(
F"":$4C(H'(012()L%#09%%"1C(N'(@M[[RJT(-$#?"2";"85(
>$>"4012L>(F^F.(OC(&&\::'
9"4(F0;7L;0#/18(*>/%%/"1%(94">(+?/:%'(&'(E:20#$(
B44C(]'F'C(.01#"d0C(+'C(."4#1$4C(`'B'(@M[[SJ'(A1#4"2L7#/"1( "9(*>/%%/"1(D07#"4%'(^$:"4#(%$4/$%(+-*H(
#"(%:$7/0;(%$7#/"1T(N?$("7$01(/1(0(?/8?GFBM(P"4;2'( 012(+-*Hx+_E(!4(R(M[[R'(+-`A(+P$2/%?(
]"L410;("9()$":?5%/70;(^$%$047?(i(B7$01%C(a";T(&&[( -$#$"4";"8/70;(012(`524";"8/70;(A1%#/#L#$C(!"44Ku:/18C(
@FXJC(,4#/7;$(!L>6$4T(F[X+[&' +P$2$1'(RY::'

^/$6$%$;;C(E'C(f"12$4301C(A'C(^"%#C(W'C(N"4#$;;C(.'H'C( F"46$##C(]']'(012(n"$?;$4C(`'I'(@M[[OJT(E:20#$2(
f$$6$C(^'*'(012(-"4$;C(D'-'-'(@M[[[JT(^$2L7$2( $>/%%/"1%(94">("7$01(%?/::/18'(`,'*6)(#,/#
70;7/9/70#/"1("9(>04/1$(:;01K#"1(/1(4$%:"1%$(#"( 2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[Z(@HM[JT(R\S[iR\\S'(
/174$0%$2(0#>"%:?$4/7(FBM'(")0'*%(R[YT(O\RGO\Y'
F"46$##C(]']'C(D/%7?6$7KC(.'+'(012(.012/%C(+'!'(@&XXXJT(
+06/1$C(F'_'C(D$$;5C(^','C()4L6$4C(!'C(n$5C(^'-'C(_$$C( );"60;(1/#4"8$1(012(%L;9L4(/13$1#"4/$%(9"4("7$018"/18(
n'C(WL;;/%#$4C(]'_'C(I011/1K?"9C(^'C(I"18C(F'+'C( %?/:%'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(R[(@HOJT(
I0;;07$C(H'I'^'C(N/;64""KC(W'C(-/;;$4"C(D']'C(.$18C( ORSYiORY['(
N'`'C(n"<54C(,'C(B1"(N'(012(^/"%C(,'D'(@M[[RJT(N?$(
H03/%C(H'(H'C()4"2</1%K5C()'C(n0%/6?0#;0C(.'C(F40P9"42C(
"7$01/7(%/1K(9"4(01#?4":"8$1/7(FBM'(:-5%6-%(O[ST(
]'C(F?$1C()'C(_/LC(+'C(W0125C(,'C(N?"41#"1C(H'C(
O\YGOY&'
)L01C(`'(012(+012?";>C(+'(@M[[&JT(A>:07#("9(%?/:(
+#$99$1C(I'C(+012$4%"1C(,'C(N5%"1C(.'H'C(]…8$4C(]'C( $>/%%/"1%("1(>04/1$(6"L12045(;05$4(!B=(012(+BM(
-0#%"1C(.','C(-""4$(AAAC(W'C(B;29/$;2C(D'C(^/7?042%"1C( 2/%#4/6L#/"1%("3$4(#?$(.07/9/7(W0%/1'(2%,41E.5-)(#
n'C(+7?$;;1?L6$4C(`']'C(NL41$4(AAC(W'_'(012(I0%%"1C( $%.%)*-1#O%00%*.(MZ(@MJT(MOSiMOZ'
^']'(@M[[RJT();"60;(F?018$(012(#?$(*04#?(+5%#$>'(
*124$%$1C(•'C(+€48•42C(*'C(+L12$#C(]'(n'C(H0;%€4$1C(
,(.;01$#(E12$4(.4$%%L4$'(+:4/18$4C(W$4;/1C(
+'W'C(A%0K%$1C(A'+','C(W$48;$1C(N'D'(012()403/4C()'(
`$/2$;6$48C(!$P(z"4K'
@M[[OJT(*>/%%/"1(94">(/1#$410#/"10;(%$0(#401%:"4#0#/"1(
NL4;$5C(F'C(W;07K9"42C(]'F'C(I/22/7">6$C(+'C(_"P$C(H'C( 012($13/4"1>$1#0;(/>:07#'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#
!/8?#/180;$C(.'H'(012(^$$%C(,'.'(@M[[\JT(^$3/$P/18( $%.%)*-1(&[Z(@H&YJC(RS\[iRSZ&'
#?$(/>:07#("9(/174$0%$2(0#>"%:?$4/7(FBM("1(
*1#$7(En(_/>/#$2(@M[[SJT(*L4":$01(F">>/%%/"1(
"7$01/7(:`(012(#?$(>04/1$($7"%5%#$>'(.:'(\SGY[(
H/4$7#"40#$()$1$40;(*13/4"1>$1#(+$43/7$(F"1#407#("1(
A1T(+7?$;;1?L6$4C(`']'C(I'(F40>$4C(!'(!0K/7$1"3/7C(
+?/:(*>/%%/"1%T(,%%/81>$1#C(,60#$>$1#(012(-04K$#G
N'(I/8;$5C(012()'(z"?$'(@$2%'J(,3"/2/18(H018$4"L%(
60%$2(A1%#4L>$1#%'(N0%K(M7(i(+BM(,60#$>$1#C(D/10;(
F;/>0#$(F?018$'(F0>64/28$(E1/3$4%/#5(.4$%%C(
^$:"4#(F"1#407#(!"T([Y[S[&UM[[RUOZOXSXU-,^U
F0>64/28$C(!$P(z"4K'
F&'C(*L4":$01(F">>/%%/"1(H/4$7#"40#$()$1$40;(
*13/4"1>$1#C(,L8L%#(M[[SC(RZ::'(

CH$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
*1#$7(En(_/>/#$2(@M[[MJT(yL01#/9/70#/"1("9(*>/%%/"1%( 012(2$:"%/#/"1(#"(#?$(#4":/70;(+"L#?(.07/9/7'(`,'*6)(#
94">(+?/:%(0%%"7/0#$2(P/#?(+?/:(-"3$>$1#%(6$#P$$1( ,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(XMT(ZR\SGZRYX'
."4#%(/1(#?$(*L4":$01(F">>L1/#5C#D/10;(^$:"4#'(
,4/>"#"C(^'C(HL7$C(^','C(^05C(W']'(012(N"><0C(E'(
.4$:04$2(9"4(*L4":$01(F">>/%%/"1C(W4L%%$;%C(
@M[[OJT(H45(2$:"%/#/"1("9(#407$($;$>$1#%(#"(#?$(
W$;8/L>C(M&::'(
P$%#$41(!"4#?(,#;01#/7'(2(,3)(#V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.(
*54/18C(a'C(+#$3$1%"1C(H'+'C(_0L$4C(,'C(H$1#$1$4C(D']'C( &YT(&[&[C(2"/T&['&[MXUM[[&)W[[&R[\'(
WL#;$4C(N'C(F";;/1%C(I']'C(*;;/18%$1C(n'C()0L%%C(-'C(
,4/>"#"C(^'C(HL7$C(^','C(^05(W']'(012(E11/C(F'n'(
`0L8;L%#0/1$C(H','C(A%0K%$1C(A'+','C(_0P4$17$C(-')'C(
@&XZSJT(,#>"%:?$4/7(#407$G$;$>$1#%(0#(*1$P$#0K(,#";;(
^/7?#$4C(,'C'(^"24/8L$<C(]'-C(+012$4%"1C(-'C(+#40?01C(
M'(N401%:"4#(#"(#?$("7$01(65(P$#(012(245(2$:"%/#/"1'(
+'*'C(+L2"C(n'C(+<":0C(+'C(301(!"/d$C(N'.'F'(012(I/;2C(
`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(X[T(MOX&GMR[Z'(
B'(@M[[YJT(-L;#/G>"2$;(%/>L;0#/"1%("9(#?$(/>:07#("9(
/1#$410#/"10;(%?/::/18("1(0#>"%:?$4/7(7?$>/%#45(012( ,4/>"#"C(^'C(^05C(W']'C(HL7$C(^','C(`$P/##C(,'H'C(W";2/(
7;/>0#$(/1(M[[[(012(M[O['(809,.41%*5-#J1%95.0*E# ^'(012(`L2%"1C(,'(@&XX[JT(F"17$1#40#/"1%C(%"L47$%C(
)67#+1E.5-.(YT(YSYiYZ['( 012(9;L=$%("9(#407$($;$>$1#%(/1(#?$(4$>"#$(>04/1$(
0#>"%:?$4$("9(!$PGf$0;012'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#
*54/18C(a'C(n"$?;$4C(`'I'C(_0L$4C(,'(012(_$>:$4C(W'(
$%.%)*-1(XST(MMOZXGMMR[S'(
@M[[SJT(*>/%%/"1%(94">(/1#$410#/"10;(%?/::/18T(M'(
A>:07#("9(9L#L4$(#$7?1";"8/$%("1(%7$104/"%(L1#/;(M[S['( W0K$4C(,'^'C(n$;;5C(+'H'C(W/%P0%C(n'D'C(I/##(-'(012(
`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&&[(@H&YO[\JT(&i&Z' ]/7K$;;%C(N'H'(@M[[OJT(,#>"%:?$4/7(2$:"%/#/"1(
"9(1L#4/$1#%(#"(#?$(,#;01#/7(B7$01'(2%,41E.5-)(#
A];%#40C(N'(@&XX[JT(,/4(:";;L#/"1(94">(%?/::/18'(;)*56%#
$%.%)*-1#O%00%*.(O[T(MMX\C(2"/T&['&[MXU
+,(('05,6#V'((%056(M&(@YJT(O&XiOM['(
M[[O)_[&ZS&Z'(
A-B(@A1#$410#/"10;(-04/#/>$(B4801/<0#/"1J(@M[[YJT(
HL7$C(^','C(,4/>"#"C(^'C(^05C(W']'C(E11/C(F'n'(012(
^$3/%/"1("9(-,^.B_(,11$=(aA(012(#?$(!B=(
`042$4C(.']'(@&XZOJT(,#>"%:?$4/7(#407$($;$>$1#%(
#$7?1/70;(7"2$'(A1:L#(94">(#?$(9"L4(%L684"L:%(012(
0#(*1$P$#0K(,#";;T(&C(F"17$1#40#/"1%C(%"L47$%(012(
/12/3/2L0;($=:$4#%(#"(#?$(9/10;(4$:"4#("9(#?$(A19"4>0;(
#$>:"40;(304/06/;/#5'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(
F4"%%()"3$41>$1#UA12L%#45(+7/$1#/9/7()4"L:("9(
ZZT(SOM&GSORM'
*=:$4#%'(A1#$410#/"10;(-04/#/>$(B4801/%0#/"1C(W_)(
&MUA!D'&['C(MMS::'( ]"?01%$1C(,'-'(012(`"99>011C(-'^'(@M[[OJT(F?$>/70;(
7?0407#$4/<0#/"1("9(0>6/$1#(0$4"%";(7";;$7#$2(2L4/18(
!"4P$8/01(-04/1$(N$7?1";"85(^$%$047?(A1%#/#L#$(
#?$(1"4#?$0%#(>"1%""1(%$0%"1("3$4(#?$(,406/01(
@-,^A!N*nJC(H$#(!"4%K$(a$4/#0%C(*7"1(F$1#4$(9"4(
+$0T(_06/;$G(D$@AAJ(012("#?$4(#407$(>$#0;%'(`,'*6)(#
*7"1">/7(,10;5%/%C(012(F041$8/$(-$;;"1(E1/3$4%/#5(
,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[ZT(RR[ZC(2"/T&['&[MXU
@M[[[JT(+#L25("9()4$$1?"L%$()0%(*>/%%/"1%(94">(
M[[M]H[[OMZ['
+?/:%T(D/10;(^$:"4#(#"(#?$(A1#$410#/"10;(-04/#/>$(
B4801/<0#/"1C(!"4P$8/01(-04/1$(N$7?1";"85(^$%$047?( ]"?01%$1C(,'-'C(+/$9$4#C(^'_'(012(`"99>011C(-'^'(
A1%#/#L#$(i(-,^A!N*nC(N4"12?$/>C(!"4P05C(O[[::'( @M[[[JT(F?$>/70;(7">:"%/#/"1("9(0$4"%";%(7";;$7#$2(
"3$4(#?$(#4":/70;(!"4#?(,#;01#/7(B7$01'(`,'*6)(#,/#
.$#<";2'(,'C(`0%%$;607?C(]'C(_0L$4C(.'C(W0L>011C(^'C(
2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[ST(&SMYYG&SO&M'(
D401K$C(n'C()L4KC(F'C(+7?;08$4C(`'(012(I$/1804#1$4C(
*'(@M[[YJT(*=:$4/>$1#0;(%#L2/$%("1(:04#/7;$($>/%%/"1%( _"%1"C(^'C(W$480>$##/()'(012(F04;/$4C(.'(@&XXMJT(B4/8/1%(
94">(74L/%/18(%?/:C(#?$/4(7?0407#$4/%#/7(:4":$4#/$%C( "9(0#>"%:?$4/7(:04#/7L;0#$(>0##$4("3$4(#?$(!"4#?(
#401%9"4>0#/"1(012(0#>"%:?$4/7(;/9$#/>$(/1(#?$(>04/1$( +$0(012(#?$(,#;01#/7(B7$01'(`,'*6)(#,/#809,.41%*5-#
6"L12045(;05$4'(809,.41%*5-#J1%95.0*E#)67#+1E.5-.( J1%95.0*E(&ST(OOOGOSM'
YT(&S&[Si&S&SR'(
.;01bL$##$C(`'C(+#0#?0>C(.']'C(D"1$%C()'^'C(F?04$##$C(
A*2&(12#,K*&+(#%&" -','C(-""4$C(F'-'C(+0;#$4C(A'C(!$2$;$7C(D'`'C(N05;"4C(
+'_'C(D4$17?C(-'C(W0K$4C(,'^'C(-0?"P0;2(!'(012(
,12$4%"1C(]'^'C(WL%$7KC(.'^'C(.0##$4%"1C(N'_'(012(
]/7K$;;%C(N'H'(@M[[YJT(H/%%";3$2(/4"1(/1(#?$(3/7/1/#5(
,4/>"#"C(^'(@&XX\JT(F?0407#$4/<0#/"1("9(#?$(W$4>L20(
"9(#?$(F4"<$#(A%;012%C(+"L#?$41(B7$01'(R%%4?:%)#
#4":"%:?$4/7(0$4"%";(65(7">6/1$2(/12/3/2L0;G:04#/7;$(
$%.%)*-1#+)*0#QQ(SRT(&XXXGM[&X'
012(6L;KG0$4"%";(010;5%/%'(809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60(
O[T(O&XGOOZ' .4"%:$4"C(]'-'C(W044$##C(n'C(F?L47?C(N'C(H$1#$1$4C(
D'C(HL7$C(^','C()0;;"P05C(]'!'C(_$35C(`'C(
,4/>"#"C(^'C(HL7$C(^','C(^05C(W']'C(*;;/%C(]4'C(I')'C(
-""25C(]'(012(yL/11C(.'(@&XX\JT(,#>"%:?$4/7(
FL;;$1C(]'H'(012(-$44/;;C(]'N'(@&XXSJT(N407$($;$>$1#%(
2$:"%/#/"1("9(1L#4/$1#%(#"(#?$(!"4#?(,#;01#/7(W0%/1'(
/1(#?$(0#>"%:?$4$("3$4(#?$(!"4#?(,#;01#/7'(`,'*6)(#,/#
V5,&%,-1%95.0*E(OST(MYGYO'
2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[[T(&&XXG&M&O'
^…2;$/1C(!'(012(`$L>011C(n')'(@&XXMJT(N407$(010;5%/%(
,4/>"#"C(^'C(HL7$C(^','C(^05C(W']'C(`$P/##C(,'H'(
"9(?$035(>$#0;%(/1(0$4"%";%("3$4(#?$(,#;01#/7(B7$01(
012(I/;;/0>%C(]'(@&XZYJT(N407$($;$>$1#%(/1(#?$(
94">(,1#047#/70(#"(*L4":$'(Q60%*6)05,6)(#`,'*6)(#,/#
0#>"%:?$4$("9(,>$4/701(+0>"0(G(F"17$1#40#/"1%(
<6=5*,69%60)(#86)(E05-)(#J1%95.0*E(RZT(&MYG&S['(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(C@
+01%"1$C(D']'C(W$1/#$<G!$;%"1C(F'^'C(^$%/18C(]','C( %L;9L4(2$:"%/#/"1("1(4$8/"10;(012(8;"60;(%70;$%T(,(
H$F04;"C(*'`'C(a/1KC(+'-'C(`$0#?(]','(012(`L$6$4#C( >L;#/>"2$;($30;L0#/"1'(2(,3)(#V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.(
W']'(@M[[MJT()$"7?$>/%#45("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(0$4"%";%( M[T()WR[[OC(2"/T&['&[MXUM[[S)W[[M\YM'(
8$1$40#$2(94">(;030G%$0P0#$4(/1#$407#/"1%'(
H"1$5C(+'F'C(-0?"P0;2C(!'C(_/>0C(A'C(D$$;5C(^','C(
2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1#O%00%*.(MXT(&OOS'
-07K$1</$C(D'N'C(_0>04bL$C(]'D'(012(^0%7?C(.']'(
+/$9$4#C(^'_'C(]"?01%$1(,'-'(012(`"99>011C(-'^'( @M[[YJT(A>:07#("9(01#?4":"8$1/7(0#>"%:?$4/7(1/#4"8$1(
@&XXXJT(F?$>/70;(7?0407#$4/<0#/"1("9(0>6/$1#( 012(%L;9L4(2$:"%/#/"1("1("7$01(07/2/9/70#/"1(012(#?$(
0$4"%";(7";;$7#$2(2L4/18(#?$(%"L#?P$%#(>"1%""1(012( /1"4801/7(7046"1(%5%#$>'(+*,-%%756&.#,/#01%#")05,6)(#
/1#$4>"1%""1(%$0%"1%("3$4(#?$(,406/01(+$0T(_06/;$G 8-)7%9E#,/#:-5%6-%.#,/#01%#!650%7#:0)0%.#,/#89%*5-)(
D$@AAJ(012("#?$4(#407$(>$#0;%'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(# &[RT(&RSZ[G&RSZS'(
$%.%)*-1(&[RT(OS&&GOSM\'
]/7K$;;%C(N'(@M[[\JT(N?$(4";$("9(0/4G%$0($=7?018$(/1(#?$(
au;K$1/18C(]'(012(`$L>011C(n')'(@&XX[JT(`$035(>$#0;%( >04/1$(1/#4"8$1(757;$'(V5,&%,.-5%6-%.(OT(MY&GMZ['
/1(#?$(1$04(%L4907$(0$4"%";("3$4(#?$(,#;01#/7(B7$01(
n4/%?10>L4#?5C(,'C(-""4$C(]'n'C(f$12$4C(F'+'(012(_L"C(
94">(\[G2$84$$%(+"L#?(#"(SRG2$84$$%(!"4#?'(`,'*6)(#
F'(@M[[YJT(*99$7#%("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(/1"4801/7(1/#4"8$1(
,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1#XST(M[\MOGM[\OM'(
2$:"%/#/"1("1("7$01(6/"8$"7?$>/%#45'(`,'*6)(#,/#
I/##C(-'C(W0K$4C(,'^'(012(]/7K$;;%C(N'H'(@M[[\JT( 2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&&MT()[M[&XC(2"/T&['&[MXU
,#>"%:?$4/7(#407$(>$#0;%("3$4(#?$(,#;01#/7(012( M[[\])[[[OOR'(
+"L#?(A12/01(B7$01%T(A13$%#/80#/"1("9(>$#0;(
_"%1"C(^'C(W$480>$##/C()'C(F04;/$4(.'(012(-"L3/$4C(
7"17$1#40#/"1%(012(;$02(/%"#":$(40#/"%(/1(7"0%#0;(
)'(@&XX&JT(-0d"4(/"1%(/1(>04/1$(40/1P0#$4(P/#?(
012(4$>"#$(>04/1$(0$4"%";%'(809,.41%*5-#
0##$1#/"1(#"(%"L47$%("9(0;K0;/1$(012(07/2/7(%:$7/$%'(
<6=5*,69%60(R[T(SROSGSRS&'(
809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60#+)*0#8(MST(Y\OGYY['
K(&+8)#% -0#%L>"#"C(n'C(!080"C(A'C(N010K0C(`'C(-/50d/C(`'C(A/20C(
,;;$1C(,')'C(H/7KC(,'_'(012(H03/%"1C(W'-'(@&XXYJT( N'(012(AK$6$C(z'(@&XXZJT(+$0%"10;(7?0407#$4/%#/7%(
+"L47$%("9(0#>"%:?$4/7(>$#?01$%L;:?"10#$C(1"1G "9("4801/7(012(/1"4801/7(%:$7/$%(012(#?$/4(%/<$(
%$0G%0;#(%L;:?0#$C(1/#40#$(012(4$;0#$2(%:$7/$%("3$4(#?$( 2/%#4/6L#/"1%(/1(0#>"%:?$4/7(0$4"%";%("3$4(#?$(
#$>:$40#$(+"L#?(.07/9/7'(809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60( 1"4#?P$%#(.07/9/7(B7$01'(809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60(
O&T(&X&GM[S' OMT(&XO&G&XR\'
W0#$%C(N'+'C(yL/11C(.'n'C(F"99>01C(H']'C(]"?1%"1C(]'*'C( -/50K$C(`'C(+0%0K/C(]'C(AP0"C(N'C(B20C(n'C(z0>0L7?/C(
-/;;$4C(N'_'C(F"3$4#C(H'+'C(I/$2$1%"?;$4C(,'C(_$/1$4#C( N'C(A1"L$C(N'C(+?/"#0C(!'(012(N%L6"C(`'(@&XXOJT(_"18G
+'C(!"P0KC(,'(012(!$L%L%%C(F'(@M[[&JT(^$8/"10;( 4018$(#401%:"4#("9(0$4"%";("3$4(#?$(!"4#?(.07/9/7(
:?5%/70;(012(7?$>/70;(:4":$4#/$%("9(#?$(>04/1$( B7$01'("'-(%)*#Q6.0*'9%60.#[#;%01,7.#56#+1E.5-.#
6"L12045(;05$4(0$4"%";(074"%%(#?$(,#;01#/7(2L4/18( $%.%)*-1#:%-05,6#V(YST(MZMGMZ\'
,$4"%";%XXT(,1("3$43/$P'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#
!0K0>L40C(N'C(B80P0C(`'C(-04/:/C(H'n'(012(E$>0#%LC(
$%.%)*-1(&[\T(M[Y\YGM[YZM'
-'(@M[[\JT(F"1#4/6L#/"1("9(P0#$4(%";L6;$("4801/7(
F044/;;"C(]'`'C(`0%#/18%C(-')'C(+/8>01C(H'-'(012( 1/#4"8$1(#"(#"#0;(1/#4"8$1(/1(>04/1$(0$4"%";%("3$4(
`L$6$4#C(W']'(@M[[MJT(,#>"%:?$4/7(2$:"%/#/"1("9( #?$(*0%#(F?/10(+$0(012(P$%#$41(!"4#?(.07/9/7'(
/1"4801/7(012("4801/7(1/#4"8$1(012(60%$(70#/"1%(/1( 809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60(R[T(YMSXGYM\R'
`0P0//'(2(,3)(#V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.(&\T(&[Y\C(
!"4>01C(-'(012(_$7KC(F'(@M[[SJT(H/%#4/6L#/"1("9(>04/1$(
2"/T&['&[MXUM[[M)W[[&ZXM'
6"L12045(;05$4(0>>"1/0("3$4(#?$(,#;01#/7(012(A12/01(
F?L47?C(N'-'C(N40>"1#01"C(]'-'C(I?$;:20;$C(H'-'C( B7$01%(2L4/18(#?$(,$4"%";%XX(74L/%$'(`,'*6)(#,/#
,124$0$C(-'B'C()0;;"P05C(]'!'C(n$$1$C(I'F'C( 2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&&[T(H&\O[MC(2"/T&['&[MXU
n10:C(,'`'(012(N"K"%C(]'(@&XX&JT(,#>"%:?$4/7( M[[S]H[[SZ\\'
012(:4$7/:/#0#/"1(7?$>/%#45("3$4(#?$(!"4#?(,#;01#/7(
B"K/C(,'C(E$>0#%L(-'(012(!"4/K/C(+'(@M[[YJT(+/<$G
B7$01T(%?/:6"042(4$%L;#%C(,:4/;G-05(&XZR'(`,'*6)(#,/#
4$%";3$2(%L;90#$(012(0>>"1/L>(>$0%L4$>$1#%(/1(
2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(X\T(&ZY[SG&ZYMS'
>04/1$(6"L12045(;05$4("3$4(#?$(!"4#?(012(+"L#?(
H$1#$1$4C(D'C(H4$3$#C(]'C(_0>04bL$C(]'D'C(W$5C(A'C( .07/9/7'(809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60(R&T(Z&GX&'
*/7K?"L#C(W'C(D/"4$C(,'-'C(`0L8;L%#0/1$C(H'C(`"4"P/#<C(
.0$4;C(`'I'C(I/;;$5C(]'H'C()"C(-'C(.$/$4;%C(W'_'C(
_'I'C(n4";C(-'C(nL;%?4$%#?0C(E'F'C(_0P4$17$C(-'C(
./17K1$5C(]'_'(012(D"8$;C(-'_'(@&XXXJT(^0/190;;(
)0;5G_070L=C(F'C(^0%#C(+'C(+?/12$;;C(H'C(+#$3$1%"1C(
%#/>L;0#/"1("9(:4/>045(:4"2L7#/"1(/1(P$%#$41(,#;01#/7(
H'C(301(!"/d$C(N'C(,#?$4#"1C(F'C(W$;;C(!'C(W$48>01C(
B7$01(P0#$4%T(4";$%("9(2/99$4$1#(1/#4"8$1(%"L47$%(012(
H'C(WL#;$4C(N'C(F"90;0C(]'C(F";;/1%C(W'C(H"?$4#5C(^'C(
7"G;/>/#/18(1L#4/$1#%'(;)*56%#<-,(,&E?+*,&*%..#:%*5%.(
*;;/18%$1C(n'C()0;;"P05C(]'C()0L%%C(-'C(-"1#0104"C(
&Y\T(M[SGM&R'
a'C(-L;;$4C(]'D'C(./#04/C()'C(^"24/8L$<C(]'C(+012$4%"1C(
-'C(+";>"1C(D'C(+#40?01C(+'C(+7?L;#<C(-'C(+L2"C( .?/11$5C(_'C(_$0/#7?C(I'^'C(_"?>011C(E'C(W"L24/$%C(
n'C(+<":0C(+'(012(I/;2C(B'(@M[[\JT(!/#4"8$1(012( `'C(I"4%1":C(H'^'C(]051$C(]'N'C(N"">G+0L1#45C(H'C(

8a$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
 I02;$/8?C(-'C(+?04>0C(+'(012(+?01#<C(!'(@M[[\JT( `01%"1C(,'n'C(N/120;$C(!'I'(012(,62$;G-"0#/C(-','^'(
F?0407#$4/<0#/"1("9(#?$(0$4"%";("3$4(#?$(%L6G047#/7( @M[[&JT(,1(*bL0#"4/0;(.07/9/7(40/1($3$1#T(/19;L$17$(
1"4#?($0%#(.07/9/7(B7$01'(R%%4?:%)#$%.%)*-1#+)*0#QQ( "1(#?$(2/%#4/6L#/"1("9(/4"1(012(?524"8$1(:$4"=/2$(/1(
SOT(MR&[GMROO' %L4907$(P0#$4%'(;)*56%#J1%95.0*E(YST(\XGZZ'
yL/11C(.'n'C(F"99>01C(H']'C(W0#$%C(N'+'C(-/;;$4C(N'_'C( `$;>$4%C(*'(012(+7?4$>%C(B'(@&XXSJT(I$#(2$:"%/#/"1(
]"?1%"1C(]'*'C(a"%%C(n'C(I$;#"1C(*']'(012(!$L%L%%C( "9(>$#0;%(#"(#?$(#4":/70;(!"4#?(012(#?$(+"L#?(,#;01#/7(
F'(@M[[&JT(H">/101#(0$4"%";(7?$>/70;(7">:"1$1#%( B7$01'(809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60(MXT(MRYSGMRZR'(
012(#?$/4(7"1#4/6L#/"1(#"($=#/17#/"1(2L4/18(#?$(
]/7K$;;%C(N'H'(@&XXXJT(N?$(/1:L#%("9(2L%#(2$4/3$2(
,$4"%";%XX(74L/%$(074"%%(#?$(,#;01#/7'(`,'*6)(#,/#
$;$>$1#%(#"(#?$(+0480%%"(+$0Q(0(%51#?$%/%'(;)*56%#
2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[\T(M[YZOGM[Z[X'
J1%95.0*E(\ZT(SG&R'
I/;;$5C(]'H'(012(F0?""1C(_'W'(@&XX&JT(*1?017$>$1#(
]"?1%"1C(n'+'C(*;4"2C(a','C(D/#<P0#$4C(+'*'C(.;01#C(]'!'C(
"9(7?;"4":?5;;G0(:4"2L7#/"1(/1()L;9(+#4$0>(%L4907$(
F?03$<C(D'.'C(N011$4C(+']'C()"42"1C(^'-'C(I$%#:?0;C(
%$0P0#$4(65(40/1P0#$4(1/#40#$'(;)*56%#J1%95.0*E(ORT(
H'_'C(.$445C(n'H'C(ILC(]'D'(012(n04;C(H'-'(@M[[OJT(
\OGYS'
+L4907$("7$01G;"P$4(0#>"%:?$4$(/1#$407#/"1%(/1(#?$(
N58"158+*" !"4#?$0%#(.07/9/7(B7$01()54$T(,$4"%";%C(/4"1C(012(#?$(
$7"%5%#$>(4$%:"1%$'(2(,3)(#V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.(
F?$1C(_'C(,4/>"#"(^'(012(HL7$C(^','(@&XZSJT(N?$(
&YT(&[\OC(2"/T&['&[MXUM[[M)W[[M[[R'
%"L47$%(012(9"4>%("9(:?"%:?"4L%(/1(>04/1$(0$4"%";(
:04#/7;$%(012(40/1(94">(1"4#?$41(!$P(f$0;012'( n/>C()'(012(F?L47?C(N'-'(@M[[MJT(I$#(2$:"%/#/"1("9(
809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60(&XT(YYXGYZY' #407$($;$>$1#%(012(402"1(20L8?#$4(%5%#$>0#/7%(/1(
#?$(+"L#?(012($bL0#"4/0;(,#;01#/7(0#>"%:?$4$'(2(,3)(#
:+8%
V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.(&\T(&[R\C(2"/T&['&[MXU
F0%%04C(!'C(W$12$4C(-'_'C(W041$##C(W','C(D01C(+'-'C( M[[&)W[[&R[Y'(
-"=/>C(I']'C(_$35C(`'(012(N/;64""KC(W'(@M[[YJT(N?$(
+"L#?$41(B7$01(6/";"8/70;(4$%:"1%$(#"(0$";/01(/4"1( _L"C(F'C(-0?"P0;2C(!'C(-$%K?/2<$C(!'C(F?$1C(z'C(
2$:"%/#/"1'(:-5%6-%(O&YT(&[\YG&[Y[' +/$9$4#C(^'_'C(W0K$4C(,'^'(012(]"?01%$1C(,'(@M[[SJT(
*%#/>0#/"1("9(/4"1(%";L6/;/#5(94">("6%$430#/"1%(012(
F?$1C(z'(012(+/$9$4#C(^'_'(@M[[RJT(+$0%"10;(012(%:0#/0;( 0(8;"60;(0$4"%";(>"2$;'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#
2/%#4/6L#/"1%(012(245(2$:"%/#/"1(9;L=$%("9(0#>"%:?$4/7( $%.%)*-1(&&[T(HMOO[YC(2"/T&['&[MXUM[[S]H[[\[SX'
#"#0;(012(;06/;$(/4"1("3$4(#?$(#4":/70;(012(%L6#4":/70;(
!"4#?(,#;01#/7(B7$01'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(# -""4$C(]'n'C(H"1$5C(+'F'C();"3$4C(H'-'(012(DL18C(A'z'(
$%.%)*-1(&[XT(H[XO[SC(2"/T&['&[MXUM[[O]H[[OXSZ' @M[[MJT(A4"1(757;/18(012(1L#4/$1#G;/>/#0#/"1(:0##$41%(
/1(%L4907$(P0#$4%("9(#?$(I"4;2(B7$01'(R%%4?:%)#
HL7$C(^','(012(N/120;$C(!'I'(@&XX&JT(,#>"%:?$4/7( $%.%)*-1#+)*0#QQ(RXT(R\OGS[Y'
#401%:"4#("9(/4"1(012(/#%(2$:"%/#/"1(/1(#?$("7$01'(
O596,(,&E#)67#N-%)6,&*)41E(O\T(&Y&SG&YM\' -""4$C(^'-'C(-/;;$5(]'*'(012(F?0##C(,'(@&XZRJT(N?$(
:"#$1#/0;(9"4(6/";"8/70;(>"6/;/<0#/"1("9(#407$($;$>$1#%(
)0"C(z'C(,12$4%"1C(]'^'(012(`L0C(q'(@M[[YJT(HL%#( 94">(0$";/01(2L%#(/1(#?$("7$01(012(/#%(/>:"4#017$(/1(
7?0407#$4/%#/7%("3$4(#?$(!"4#?(.07/9/7("6%$43$2( #?$(70%$("9(/4"1'(N-%)6,(,&5-)#8-0)(YT(MM&GMMZ'
#?4"L8?(%?/:6"042(>$0%L4$>$1#%(2L4/18(#?$(,F*G
,%/0($=:$4/>$1#'(809,.41%*5-#<6=5*,69%60(R&T(YX[YG !0/4C(N'-'W'(@M[[\JT(-"1%""1(7"1#4";("1(#407$(>$#0;(
YXMM' 9;L=$%(/1(#?$(2$$:(,406/01(+$0'(`,'*6)(#,/#<)*01#
:E.0%9#:-5%6-%(&&ST(R\&GRYM'
)0"C(z'C(D01C(+'-'(012(+04>/$1#"C(]'_'(@M[[OJT(
,$";/01(/4"1(/1:L#(#"(#?$("7$01(#?4"L8?(:4$7/:/#0#/"1( ^…2;$/1C(!'(012(`$L>011C(n')'(@&XXSJT(+/<$(
%703$18/18T(,(>"2$;/18(:$4%:$7#/3$(012(/#%( 9407#/"10#$2(/>:07#"4(%0>:;/18("9(0$4"%";(:04#/7;$%(
/>:;/70#/"1(9"4(10#L40;(/4"1(9$4#/;/<0#/"1(/1(#?$("7$01'( "3$4(#?$(,#;01#/7(B7$01(94">(*L4":$(#"(,1#047#/70(
`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[ZT(RMM&C( 0%(0(>$#?"2";"85(9"4(%"L47$(/2$1#/9/70#/"1("9(F2C(.6C(
2"/T&['&[MXUM[[M]H[[MRM[' N;C(!/C(F4C(012(D$'(Z*%.%65'.#`,'*6)(#,/#86)(E05-)(#
J1%95.0*E(OSMT(YRZGYSS'(
)0%%"C(+'(012(+#$/1C(,'D'(@M[[YJT(H"$%(2L%#(94">(
.0#08"1/0(4$07?(#?$(%L6G,1#047#/7(,#;01#/7(B7$01'( a/1KC(+'(012(-$0%L4$%C(F'A'(@M[[&JT(N?$(4";$("9(2L%#(
2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1#O%00%*.(ORT(_[&Z[&C( 2$:"%/#/"1(/1(2$#$4>/1/18(%L4907$(P0#$4(2/%#4/6L#/"1%(
2"/T&['&[MXUM[[\)_[MY\XO' "9(,;(012(D$(/1(#?$(+"L#?(I$%#(,#;01#/7'(R%%4?:%)#
$%.%)*-1#+)*0#QQ(RZT(MYZYGMZ[X'
`012C(]'_'C(-0?"P0;2C(!'C(F?$1C(z'C(+/$9$4#C(^'C(_L"C(
F'C(+L640>01/0>C(,'(012(DL18C(A'(@M[[RJT(*%#/>0#$%( I/;;$5C(]'H'C(n/$6$4C(^']'(012(,3$45C()'W'(@M[[RJT(*99$7#%(
"9(%";L6;$(/4"1(94">("6%$430#/"1%(012(0(8;"60;( "9(40/1P0#$4(/4"1(012(?524"8$1(:$4"=/2$("1(/4"1(
>/1$40;(0$4"%";(>"2$;T(W/"8$"7?$>/70;(/>:;/70#/"1%'( %:$7/0#/"1(012(:?5#":;01K#"1(84"P#?(/1(%$0P0#$4(
`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[XT(H&YM[SC( 1$04(W$4>L20'(`,'*6)(#,/#809,.41%*5-#J1%95.0*E(RYT(
&['&[MXUM[[R]H[[RSYR' M[XGMMM'

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(89
z"L18C(^'I'C(F042$4C(n'_'C(W$#<$4C(.'^'C(F"%#$;;"C(H'n'C( B+.,^(F">>/%%/"1(9"4(#?$(.4"#$7#/"1("9(#?$(-04/1$(
HL7$C(^','C(H/#L;;/"C()'^'C(N/120;$C(!'I'C(_0P%C(*','C( *13/4"1>$1#("9(#?$(!"4#?G*0%#(,#;01#/7(@M[[\JT#
E$>0#%LC(-'C(-$44/;;C(]'N'(012(D$$;5C(^'(@&XX&JT( _"%%$%("9(+$;$7#$2(`0<042"L%(+L6%#017$%(012(
,#>"%:?$4/7(/4"1(/1:L#%(012(:4/>045(:4"2L7#/3/#5T( -$#0;%(65(_$07?/18(94">(+$0(+?/:%(#"(#?$()4$0#$4(
:?5#":;01K#"1(4$%:"1%$%(/1(#?$(1"4#?(.07/9/7'(2(,3)(# !"4#?(+$0C#B+.,^(F">>/%%/"1C(_"12"1C(EnC(O[::'(
V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.(ST(&&XG&OR'
+-`A(+P$2/%?(-$#$"4";"8/70;(012(`524";"8/70;(
f?LC(q'^'C(.4"%:$4"C(]'-'(012(-/;;$4"C(D']'(@&XXYJT(H/$;( A1%#/#L#$(@M[[RJT(E:20#$("9(*>/%%/"1(D07#"4%'(^$:"4#(
304/0#/"1("9(%";L6;$(D$@AAJ(012(%";L6;$(#"#0;(D$(/1( %$4/$%(+-*H(012(+-*H(x(+_E(!4'(RC(!"44Ku:/18C(
!"4#?(,94/701(2L%#(/1(#?$(#402$(P/12%(0#(W04602"%'( +P$2$1C(RY::'(
`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[MT(M&MXYGM&O[S'
f?L018C()'C(z/C(f'C(HL7$C(^','(012(W4"P1C(.'^'( 3(2,G("75!+)#",9+8$,J5(1O+#7P",
@&XXMJT(F?$>/%#45("9(/4"1(/1(>04/1$(0$4"%";%'(2(,3)(# !0P0240C(+'(012()/;6$4#C(N'H'(@M[[MJT(^/%K("9(>04/1$(
V5,&%,-1%95-)(#JE-(%.(\T(&\&G&YO' %:/;;%(/1(#?$(.07/9/7(A%;012(^$8/"1(012(/#%($3";3/18(
V(%7 4$%:"1%$(044018$>$1#%'(+*,-%%756&.#,/#01%#
Q60%*6)05,6)(#:45((#J,6/%*%6-%#:45(J,6#LUUL>#:E76%E>#
_/>C(W'C(]/7K$;;%C(N'H'C(F";/1C(]'_'(012(_"%1"C(^'(@&XXRJT(
8'.0*)(5)C(
+";L6/;/#/$%("9(,;C(.6C(FLC(012(f1(/1(40/1(%0>:;$2(/1(
#?$(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#("3$4(#?$(!"4#?(,#;01#/7("7$01( +"L#?(.07/9/7(^$8/"10;(*13/4"1>$1#(.4"840>>$(
012(-$2/#$4401$01(+$0'(2(,3)(#V5,&%,-1%95-)(# @+.^*.J(@M[[MJT(^$8/"10;(+#40#$85(#"(,224$%%(
JE-(%.(ZT(ORXGO\M'( -04/1$(.";;L#/"1(94">(I"4;2(I04(AA(+?/:P4$7K%'(
N?/4#$$1#?(+.^*.(-$$#/18%("9(B99/7/0;%(@A#$>(
*<!/,G&*).$/#>>'2!#( Y'M'M'&JC(-0dL4"C(-04%?0;;(A%;012%(M&(i(MS(]L;5(M[[M'(

C5#$(7!2,J1(22",9+8$,J5(11(%), +5>"1%C(_'(012(`"28$%C(-'n'(@M[[RJT(E12$4%$0(
A-FBUD,BUE!*+FBUI-BUI`BUA,*,UE!UE!*.(]"/1#( :";;L#/"1(#?4$0#%(012(#40d$7#"45(>"2$;/18'(;)*56%#
)4"L:("9(*=:$4#%("1(#?$(+7/$1#/9/7(,%:$7#%("9(-04/1$( D%-16,(,&E#:,-5%0E#`,'*6)((OZ(@OJT(YZiZM'
.";;L#/"1(@)*+,-.J(@&XZMJT(N?$(*30;L0#/"1("9(#?$( 3(2,J1(22",9+8$,J5(11(%)
`0<042%("9(`04>9L;(+L6%#017$%(F044/$2(65(+?/:%C(
WL#;$4C(]'!'C(I$;;%C(.')'C(]"?1%"1C(+'(012(-01"7KC(]']'(
^$:"4#%(012(+#L2/$%(!"'(&Y'(A1#$48"3$41>$1#0;(
@&XXZJT(W$07?(#04("1(W$4>L20T(^$7$1#("6%$430#/"1%(
-04/#/>$(B4801/<0#/"1C(_"12"1C(EnC(&MZ::'
012(/>:;/70#/"1%(9"4(8;"60;(>"1/#"4/18'(;)*56%#
A-BUD,BUE!*+FBUI-BUI`BUA,*,UE!UE!*.(]"/1#( +,(('05,6#V'((%056#O\(@\JT(RSZiR\O'(
)4"L:("9(*=:$4#%("1(#?$(+7/$1#/9/7(
*#K/1C(H'+'(@&XXXJ(T(`/%#"4/70;("3$43/$P("9("/;(%:/;;%(
,%:$7#%("9(-04/1$(.";;L#/"1(@)*+,-.J(@&XZXJT(N?$( 94">(0;;(%"L47$%(@&X\[G&XXZJ'(+*,-%%756&.#,/#MSSS#
*30;L0#/"1("9(#?$(`0<042%("9(`04>9L;(+L6%#017$%( Q60%*6)05,6)(#N5(#:45((#J,6/%*%6-%T(::'&[XYi&&[M'(
F044/$2(65(+?/:%T(^$3/%/"1("9()*+,-.(^$:"4#%(
*#K/1C(H'+'(@M[[MJT(,10;5%/%("9(:0%#(>04/1$("/;(%:/;;(
012(+#L2/$%(!"'(&YC(^$:"4#%(012(+#L2/$%(!"'(OS'(
40#$%(012(#4$12%(9"4(9L#L4$(7"1#/18$175(:;011/18'(
A1#$410#/"10;(-04/#/>$(B4801/<0#/"1C(_"12"1C(EnC(MOM::'(
+*,-%%756&.#,/#L^01#8*-05-#)67#;)*56%#N5(.45((#
?#!@;,A#&!2",9+8$,S&$8"15#+(7,J5(11(%), +*,&*)9#D%-165-)(#:%956)*T(::'(MMYiMSM'(
Q$(""(8%"
B:$40#/"10;(B/;(H/%7?048$%(94">(+?/::/18
F"":$4C(H'(012()L%#09%%"1C(N'(@M[[RJT(-$#?"2";"85(
9"4(F0;7L;0#/18(*>/%%/"1%(94">(+?/:%'(&'(E:20#$("9( W?0#/0C(^'(012(H/1P""2/$C(]'(@M[[RJT(H0/;5("/;(;"%%$%(/1(
*>/%%/"1(907#"4%'(+-*H(RC(+-`AC(D";K6"48%3'(&C(+*G %?/::/18(74L2$("/;T(>$0%L4/18(74L2$("/;(;"%%(40#$%(/1(
\[&(Y\(!"44Ku:/18C(+P$2$1' 20/;5(!"4#?(+$0(%?/::/18(":$40#/"1%'(<6%*&E#+,(5-E(
OMT(Z&&iZMM'(
D"P;$4C(+'I'(@&XX[JT(F4/#/70;(4$3/$P("9(?$035(>$#0;(012(
7?;"4/10#$2(?524"7046"1(7"17$1#40#/"1%(/1(#?$(>04/1$( K3H,9+8$,J5(11(%),
$13/4"1>$1#'(;)*56%#<6=5*,69%60)(#$%=5%A(MXT(&i\R'( W$/4;$C(+'C(.;0##C(E'C(3"1();0%"PC(^'C(I$1/8C(-'(012(
A-FBUD,BUE!*+FBUI-BUI`BUA,*,UE!UE!*.( I081$4C(N'(@M[[RJT(*%#/>0#$("9(1/#4"8$1("=/2$(
]"/1#()4"L:("9(*=:$4#%("1(#?$(+7/$1#/9/7(,%:$7#%( $>/%%/"1%(94">(%?/::/18(65(%0#$;;/#$(4$>"#$(%$1%/18'(
"9(-04/1$(.";;L#/"1(@)*+,-.J(@&XZRJT(^$3/$P("9( 2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1#O%00%*.(O&(@_&Z&[MJT(&iR'(
."#$1#/0;;5(`04>9L;(+L6%#017$%T(F02>/L>C(_$02C( F"":$4C(H'(012()L%#09%%"1C(N'(@M[[RJT(-$#?"2";"85(
012(N/1C(^$:"4#%(012(+#L2/$%(!"'(MM'(I"4;2(`$0;#?( 9"4(F0;7L;0#/18(*>/%%/"1%(94">(+?/:%'(&'(E:20#$("9(
B4801/<0#/"1C()$1$30C(+P/#<$4;012C(&MM::'( *>/%%/"1(D07#"4%'(^$:"4#(%$4/$%(+-*H(012(+-*H(x(
n/>C(]'.'(012(D/#<8$40;2C(I'D'(@&XZ\JT(+$0G0/4( +_E(!4(R(M[[R'(+-`A(+P$2/%?(-$#$"4";"8/70;(012(
:04#/#/"1/18("9(>$47L45(/1(#?$(*bL0#"4/0;(.07/9/7( `524";"8/70;(A1%#/#L#$C(!"44Ku:/18C(+P$2$1C(RY::'(
B7$01'(:-5%6-%(MO&T(&&O&i&&OO'(

8:$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
F"46$##C(]']'(012(n"$?;$4C(`'I'(@M[[OJT(E:20#$2( I/;#%?/4$C(E1/#$2(n/182">C(&\S::'(
$>/%%/"1%(94">("7$01(%?/::/18'(`,'*6)(#,/#
]0%15C(-'C(^$51";2%C(]'C(`"4"P/#<C(F'(012(I$#<;$4C(
2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[Z(@HM[JT(R\S[iR\\S'(
,'(@M[[SJT(+"L12/18(#?$(H$:#?%(AAT(N?$(^/%/18(N";;(
F"46$##C(]']'C(D/%7?6$7KC(.'+'(012(.012/%C(+'!'(@&XXXJT( "9(+"104C(+?/::/18C(012(A12L%#4/0;(B7$01(!"/%$("1(
);"60;(1/#4"8$1(012(%L;9L4(/13$1#"4/$%(9"4("7$018"/18( -04/1$(_/9$'(!0#L40;(^$%"L47$%(H$9$1%$(F"L17/;C(
%?/:%'(`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(R[(@HOJT( !$P(z"4KC(!$P(z"4KC(E+,C(ZR::'(
ORSYiORY['(
-0;0K"99C(H'(@M[[&JT(,(4"04/18(2$60#$("3$4("7$01(1"/%$'(
H03/%C(H'(H'C()4"2</1%K5C()'C(n0%/6?0#;0C(.'C(F40P9"42C( :-5%6-%#M\T(SY\iSYZ'(
]'C(F?$1C()'C(_/LC(+'C(W0125C(,'C(N?"41#"1C(H'C(
!0#/"10;(^$%$047?(F"L17/;(F">>/##$$("1(."#$1#/0;(
)L01C(`'(012(+012?";>C(+'(@M[[&JT(A>:07#("9(%?/:(
A>:07#%("9(,>6/$1#(!"/%$(/1(#?$(B7$01("1(-04/1$(
$>/%%/"1%("1(>04/1$(6"L12045(;05$4(!B=(012(+BM(
-0>>0;%(@M[[RJT(B7$01(!"/%$(012(-04/1$(
2/%#4/6L#/"1%("3$4(#?$(.07/9/7(W0%/1'(2%,41E.5-)(#
-0>>0;%'(!0#/"10;(,702$>5(.4$%%C(I0%?/18#"1C(
$%.%)*-1#O%00%*.(MZ(@MJT(MOSiMOZ'(
HFC(E+,C(M[R::'(
*54/18C(a'C(+#$3$1%"1C(H'+'C(_0L$4C(,'C(H$1#$1$4C(D']'C(
+/>"12%C(-'C(H";>01C(+'(012(I$/;804#C(_'(@M[[OJT(
WL#;$4C(N'C(F";;/1%C(I']'C(*;;/18%$1C(n'C()0L%%C(-'C(
B7$01%("9(!"/%$C#,(IHF+(+7/$17$(^$:"4#'(I?0;$(
`0L8;L%#0/1$C(H','C(A%0K%$1C(A'+','C(_0P4$17$C(-')'C(
012(H";:?/1(F"1%$430#/"1(+"7/$#5(@IHF+JC(I/;#%?/4$C(
^/7?#$4C(,'C(^"24/8L$<C(]'-'C(+012$4%"1C(-'C(+#40?01C(
EnC(&\S::'(
+'*'C(+L2"C(n'C(+<":0C(+'C(301(!"/d$C(N'.'F'(012(I/;2C(
B'(@M[[YJT(-L;#/G>"2$;(%/>L;0#/"1%("9(#?$(/>:07#("9(
#%%*<#5)$#!>$)3/>#5&2!#($&(.$
/1#$410#/"10;(%?/::/18("1(0#>"%:?$4/7(7?$>/%#45(012(
7;/>0#$(/1(M[[[(012(M[O['(809,.41%*5-#J1%95.0*E#
/5#.'+2!#(
)67#+1E.5-.(YT(YSYiZ['( `"":$4G_01$C(F'C(W"13/;;01C(+'C(^/7$C(H'(012(F04#$4C(
)'F'(@&XXYJT(*99$7#%("9(B/;(012()0%(H$3$;":>$1#T(
*54/18C(a'C(n"$?;$4C(`'I'C(_0L$4C(,'(012(_$>:$4C(W'(
,(FL44$1#(,P04$1$%%(W/6;/"840:?5C(-/1$40;%(
@M[[SJT(*>/%%/"1%(94">(/1#$410#/"10;(%?/::/18T(M'(
-0108$>$1#(+$43/7$C(H$:04#>$1#("9(#?$(A1#$4/"4C(
A>:07#("9(9L#L4$(#$7?1";"8/$%("1(%7$104/"%(L1#/;(M[S['(
F"0%#0;(-04/1$(A1%#/#L#$C(BF+(+#L25(--+(XYG[[RS'(
`,'*6)(#,/#2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&&[(@H&YO[\JT(
.4$:04$2(L12$4(--+(F"1#407#(&RGOSG[[[&GO[\\[G
&i&Z'
&XXMR(65(_"L/%/010(E1/3$4%/#/$%(-04/1$(F"1%"4#/L>C(
n0%/6?0#;0C(.'C(_$35(AAC(`'C(-"=/>C(I']'C(.012/%C(+'!'C( F?0L3/1C(_"L/%/010C(E+,C(&&X::'(
F"46$##C(]']'C(.$#$4%"1C(-'F'C(`"140#?C(^'*'C(D4"%#C(
)*+,-.(@A-FBUD,BUE!*+FBUI-BUI`BUA,*,U
)']'C(n10::C(n'C(.044/%?C(H'H'(012(^5$4%"1C(N'W'(
E!UE!*.(]"/1#()4"L:("9(*=:$4#%("1(#?$(+7/$1#/9/7(
@M[[[JT(H"($>/%%/"1%(94">(%?/:%(?03$(0(%/81/9/701#(
,%:$7#%("9(-04/1$(.";;L#/"1J(@&XYYJT(:-5%605/5-#
/>:07#("1(7"17$1#40#/"1("9(1/#4"8$1("=/2$%(/1(#?$(
8.4%-0.#,/#+,(('05,6#8*5.56&#/*,9#<@4(,*)05,6#)67#
>04/1$(6"L12045(;05$4|(2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1#
<@4(,50)05,6#,/#01%#:%)?V%7C(^$:"4#%(012(+#L2/$%(!"'(
O%00%*.(MY(@&SJT(MMMXiMMOM'
Y'(E1/#$2(!0#/"1%C(!$P(z"4KC(!$P(z"4KC(E+,C(R\::'(
^/7?#$4C(,'C(*54/18C(a'C(WL44"P%C(]'.'C(W"3$1%>011C(
A1#$410#/"10;(,%%"7/0#/"1("9(B/;(012()0%(.4"2L7$4%(
`'C(_0L$4C(,'C(+/$4KC(W'(012(F4L#<$1C(.']'(@M[[RJT(
@B).J(@M[[YJT(*13/4"1>$1#0;(.$49"4>017$(/1(#?$(
+0#$;;/#$(>$0%L4$>$1#%("9(!BM(94">(/1#$410#/"10;(
*x.(A12L%#45T(M[[\(H0#0C(^$:"4#(!"'(OXX'C(B).C(
%?/::/18($>/%%/"1%'(2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1#O%00%*.(O&(
_"12"1C(EnC(SM::'(
@_MO&&[JT(&iR'(
B+.,^(F">>/%%/"1(9"4(#?$(.4"#$7#/"1("9(#?$(-04/1$(
B3C,9+8$,J5(11(%), *13/4"1>$1#("9(#?$(!"4#?G*0%#(,#;01#/7(@M[[&JT(
*54/18C(a'C(+#$3$1%"1C(H'+'C(_0L$4C(,'C(H$1#$1$4C(D']'C( R5.-1)*&%.>#P).0%#X)67(56&#)67#85*#<95..5,6.#
WL#;$4C(N'C(F";;/1%C(I']'C(*;;/18%$1C(n'C()0L%%C(-'C( /*,9#N//.1,*%#Q6.0)(()05,6.#/,*#MSSH?MSSSC#B+.,^(
`0L8;L%#0/1$C(H','C(A%0K%$1C(A'+','C(_0P4$17$C(-')'C( F">>/%%/"1C(_"12"1C(En'(&M(::'(
^/7?#$4C(,'C(^"24/8L$<C(]'-'C(+012$4%"1C(-'C(+#40?01C(
B+.,^(F">>/%%/"1(9"4(#?$(.4"#$7#/"1("9(#?$(-04/1$(
+'*'C(+L2"C(n'C(+<":0C(+'C(301(!"/d$C(N'.'F'(012(I/;2C(
*13/4"1>$1#("9(#?$(!"4#?G*0%#(,#;01#/7(@M[[YJT(
B'(@M[[YJT(-L;#/G>"2$;(%/>L;0#/"1%("9(#?$(/>:07#("9(
B+.,^(^$:"4#("1(H/%7?048$%C(+:/;;%(012(*>/%%/"1%(
/1#$410#/"10;(%?/::/18("1(0#>"%:?$4/7(7?$>/%#45(012(
94">(B99%?"4$(B/;(012()0%(A1%#0;;0#/"1%(/1(M[[S(
7;/>0#$(/1(M[[[(012(M[O['(809,.41%*5-#J1%95.0*E#
/17;L2/18(0%%$%%>$1#("9(20#0(4$:"4#$2(/1(M[[R(012(
)67#+1E.5-.(YT(YSYiZ['(
M[[SC#B+.,^(F">>/%%/"1C(_"12"1C(EnC(RR::'(
K8("#,9+8$,J5(11(%) .0#/1C(+'(@&XXXJT(*13/4"1>$1#0;(A>:07#("9(#?$(B99%?"4$(
H";>01C(+'C(BP$1C(H'C'(.04%"1%C(*'F'-(C(+/>>"12%C( B/;(012()0%(A12L%#45C(*7"-"1/#"4(.L6;/%?/18C(*0%#(
-'.'C(+P/9#C(^'(012(I$/;804#C(_'(@M[[RJT(B7$01%("9( !"4#?:"4#C(!$P(z"4KC(E+,C(RMS::'(
!"/%$T(,(IHF+(+7/$17$(^$:"4#C#I?0;$(012(H";:?/1(
F"1%$430#/"1(+"7/$#5(@IHF+JC(F?/::$1?0>C(

)*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX .B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+$0(8?
#!>$%5#"$(&2'5&>$*))/*$ ./7?$;C(I')'C(F?L41%/2$C(]'`'C(a$$1%#40C(N'+'C(D";$5C(
`"4109/L%C(]'+'C(yL/8;$5C(H'(012(_L5$125KC(W'.'(@&XXXJT( H')'C(D4/$2>01C(n'+'C(W40/1042C(^'*'C(!/7";;C(]'W'C(
N?$(P"4;2e%(>"%#(%:$7#07L;04(>04/1$(?524"7046"1( f$18C(y'(012(F;$>$1#$GF";†1C(.'(@M[[YJT(-04/1$(
%$$:%(@F"0;(."/1#C(+01#0(W046040(F?011$;C( 2$64/%(7";;$7#%(P/#?/1(#?$(!"4#?(.07/9/7(+L6#4":/70;(
F0;/9"41/0JT(yL01#/9/70#/"1("9($>/%%/"1%'(`,'*6)(#,/# F"13$48$17$(f"1$'(;)*56%#+,(('05,6#V'((%056(SRT(
2%,41E.5-)(#$%.%)*-1(&[R(@FXJT(M[Y[OiM[Y&&'( &M[YG&M&&'

n3$13";2$1C(n','(012(+/>"1$/#C(W'^'N'(@&XX[JT( ^/"%C(-'^'C(-""4$C(F'(012(]"1$%C(.'^'(@M[[YJT(
`524"#?$4>/70;;5(2$4/3$2(:$#4";$L>T(*=0>:;$%(94">( .$4%/%#$1#("4801/7(:";;L#01#%(7044/$2(65(%51#?$#/7(
)L05>0%(W0%/1C()L;9("9(F0;/9"41/0C(012(*%701060( :";5>$4%(/1(#?$("7$01($13/4"1>$1#'(;)*56%#+,(('05,6#
N4"L8?C(!"4#?$0%#(.07/9/7(B7$01'(89%*5-)6# V'((%056(SRT(&MO[G&MOY'
8..,-5)05,6#,/#+%0*,(%'9#2%,(,&5.0.#V'((%056(YRT( ^501C(.')'C(012(-";"1$5C(F'_'(@&XXOJT(-04/1$(;/##$4(
MMOiMOY'( K$$:%(/174$0%/18'(")0'*%(O\&TMO
n3$13";2$1C(n','(012(`0460L8?C(]'I'(@&XZOJT( +?$03;5C(+'W'(@M[[YJT(!0#/"10;(-04/1$(H$64/%(-"1/#"4/18(
^$0%%$%%>$1#("9(#?$(40#$%(0#(P?/7?("/;(94">(10#L40;( .4"840>T(D/10;(.4"840>(^$:"4#C(H0#0(,10;5%/%(012(
%"L47$%($1#$4%(#?$(>04/1$($13/4"1>$1#'(;)*56%# +L>>045'(^$:"4#(.4$:04$2(9"4(E'+'(*13/4"1>$1#0;(
<6=5*,69%60)(#$%.%)*-1(&[T(MMOiMRO'( .4"#$7#/"1(,8$175(65(B7$01(F"1%$430175C()401#(
-07H"10;2C(A'^'(@&XXZJT(!0#L40;("/;(%:/;;%'(:-5%605/5-# !L>6$4(qZO[SOR[&G[M'C(Y\::'(
89%*5-)6(T(SYi\&'( +?/">"#"C(,'(012(n0>$20C(N'(@M[[SJT(H/%#4/6L#/"1("9(
>01L907#L4$2(9;"0#/18(>04/1$(2$64/%(/1(1$04G%?"4$(
"&5!()$.)G5!* 04$0%(04"L12(]0:01'(;)*56%#+,(('05,6#V'((%056(S[T(
W041$%C(H'n','(@M[[RJT(!0#L40;(012(:;0%#/7(9;"#%0>( &RO[G&ROM'
%#4012/18(/1(#?$(A12/01(B7$01'(.:'(&XOGM[S(A1T( N?/$;C(-'C(`/1"d"%0C(A'C(a‡%bL$<C(!'(012(-07050C(*'(
H03$1:"4#C(]'(012(H03$1:"4#C(]'_'(N?$($99$7#%("9( @M[[OJT(D;"0#/18(>04/1$(2$64/%(/1(7"0%#0;(P0#$4%("9(
?L>01(#401%:"4#("1($7"%5#$>%T(F04%(012(.;01$%C( #?$(+*G.07/9/7(@F?/;$J'(;)*56%#+,(('05,6#V'((%056(R\T(
W"0%#%(012(N40/1%'(^"50;(A4/%?(,702$>5C(HL6;/1' MMRGMO&'
W041$%C(H'n','(@M[[SJT(^$>"#$(/%;012%(4$3$0;(40:/2(4/%$( N?">0%C(^'F'C(B;%$1C(z'C(-/#7?$;C(^'.'C(H03/%C(,'C(
"9(%"L#?$41(?$>/%:?$4$(%$0(2$64/%'(D1%#:-5%605/5-# ^"P;012C(+']'C(]"?1C(,'I')'C(-7)"1/8;$C(H'(012(
P,*(7#`,'*6)((ST(X&SGXM&' ^L%%$;C(,'*'(@M[[RJT(_"%#(0#(%$0T(I?$4$(2"$%(0T(#?$(
F";#"1C(]'W'(]4'C(n10::C(D'H'(012(WL41%C(W'^'(@&XYRJT( :;0%#/7(8"|(+7/$17$(M[RT(ZOZ'
.;0%#/7(:04#/7;$%(/1(%L4907$(P0#$4%("9(#?$(1"4#?P$%#$41( E!*.(@E1/#$2(!0#/"1%(*13/4"1>$1#0;(.4"840>'(@M[[SJT(
,#;01#/7'(:-5%6-%(&ZST(RX&GRXY'( -04/1$(_/##$4C(01(010;5#/70;("3$43/$P'(E1/#$2(!0#/"1%(
H0>$4"1C(B'(]'C(.04K$C(-'C(,;6/1%C(-','(012(W40/1042( *13/4"1>$1#(.4"840>>$C(!0/4"6/C(RY::'(
^'(@M[[YJT(-04/1$(2$64/%(077L>L;0#/"1(/1(#?$(
!"4#?P$%#$41(`0P0//01(A%;012%T(,1($=0>/10#/"1("9(
40#$%(012(:4"7$%%$%'(;)*56%#+,(('05,6#V'((%056(SRT(
RMOGROO'
H?0401/C()'C(,620;(!0<04C(,'n'C(a$1K0#$%01C(^'(
012(^03/12401C(-'(@M[[OJT(-04/1$(2$64/%(/1()4$0#(
!/7"604'(J'**%60#:-5%6-%(ZS(@SJT(SYRGSYS'
H"1"?L$C(-']'C(W";012C(^'C(+40>$KC(F'-'(012(
,1#"1$;/%C()','(@M[[&JT(H$4$;/7#(9/%?/18(8$04(/1(#?$(
!"4#?P$%#$41(`0P0//01(A%;012%T(2/3/18(%L43$5%(012(
2$64/%(4$>"30;(0#(#P"(0#";;%(7"19/4>%(#?4$0#(#"(7"40;(
4$$9($7"%5%#$>%'(;)*56%#+,(('05,6#V'((%056(RM(@&MJT(
&O[&G&O&M'
`051$%C(H'(@&XXYJT(-04/1$(2$64/%("1(7"1#/1$1#0;(/%;012%(
012(%012(705%(/1(#?$(904(1"4#?$41(%$7#/"1("9(#?$()4$0#(
W044/$4(^$$9(-04/1$(.04KC(,L%#40;/0'(;)*56%#+,(('05,6#
V'((%056(OR(@RJT(MY\GMYX'
-"44/%C(^']'(@&XZ[JT(.;0%#/7(2$64/%(/1(#?$(%L4907$(P0#$4%(
"9(#?$(%"L#?(,#;01#/7'(;)*56%#+,(('05,6#V'((%056(&&T&\RG
&\\'(

8A$0(.B__ENAB!(A!(N`*(B.*!(BF*,!T(,(^*aA*I(BD(,++*++-*!N+(,!H(^*_,N*H(+NEHA*+( )*+,-.(^$:"4#(012(+#L2/$%(!(YX
Science for Sustainable Oceans

ISBN: 978-92-807-2996-2
Job No.: DEW/1130/NA
IOC/INF-1228
ISSN: 1020–4873