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 Open Source, PHP & MySQL

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Open Source
Open Source is a methodology or approach towards the design & development of
software with the intention of giving the user access to the source code.

 Open Source software not only will you be able to use it, you will also be able to
see how it works, debug it, modify it & redistribute it.

 Open Source software are licensed in a way that makes them legal to use as many
copies of them as you want, wherever you want.

 Open Source software take up much less resources than their commercial
counterparts because they don’t have any code for licensing, authentication, attach
advertisement & the like.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 History Of Open Source
The term of ‘open source’ has been introduced in 1998.

In the 1950-1960 when computers & software confined to academic & specialized
industrial environment, almost all software was essentially open source.

 The users often modified the code to fix bugs or to improve functionality & use it
themselves in 1950-1960.

 By the late 1960 with the evolution of high level languages & operating systems,
software development costs were increased.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 History Of Open Source
 Soon, by the 1970 there were exclusive software –only companies selling
software with licenses that forbade modification & redistribution through patents,
copyrights & trademarks.

 In 1980 nothing was left of free software as known till than & Open source was
dead.

In 1983, Richard Stallman of MIT has introduced GNU project aimed at creating a
UNIX like Open Source Operating system free from regulations preventing it from
being redistributed & modified.

 In 1993 Operating systems based on GNU, Linux & other Open Source software
have been released.

In 1999 Sun Microsystems released star office & in 2007 released JDK as Open
source . In July, 2009 Google announced the development of Google Chrome OS.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Open Source Licenses
Open Source software come with Open Source licenses. These licenses, while
regulating program usage, also permit freedom including access to the source code &
the right to modify & redistribute.

License under GNU GPL(General Public License) are known as ‘copy left’ license .

 GNU GPL provide a facility to modify open source software or any derivative of
the software. And a clause of GNU GPL denying the users to patent any of Open
Source software.

 The GNU GPL & GNU lesser GPL work with the famous tagline “Free as In
freedom”.

 The BSD(Berkeley Software Distribution) license, a completely unrestricting license

that allow use of code or derivative in anyway possible. Example is the Mozilla Public
License.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 How Do Open Source Projects Work ?
The core concept that unifies ,most open source development projects is the large
amount of user participation. Open Source development philosophy demands that
users be considered as developers, with their feedback and cooperation made per
amount in debugging & further development.

 With a large development base the core features of the open source development
methodology include rapid prototyping, incremental & evolutionary development.

 The most common medium of communication that connects all the developers on
a project is the ‘Internet’. Websites such as ‘sourceforge.net’ strive to provide
integrated centralized communication environment for developer working on
various projects.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Existing Project

Initialization
Problem Discovery Problem Description
Finding Volunteers Development Tools

Solution Identification Work plan

Execution
Code Development
&
Testing

Code Change Review Code

Has a
Code Commit
& Code Documentation
Documentation

Releasing
Release
Release management

Continue Development { else }

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Pros & Cons Of Open Source
The main advantage for business is that open source is a good way for business to achieve
greater penetration of the market. Companies that offer open source software are able to
establish an industry standard and, thus, gain competitive advantage. It has also helped build
developer loyalty as developers feel empowered and have a sense of ownership of the end
product.

 The OSS(Open Source Software) development approach has helped produce reliable, high
quality software quickly and inexpensively. Besides, it offers the potential for a more flexible
technology and quicker innovation. It is said to be more reliable since it typically has
thousands of independent programmers testing and fixing bugs of the software.

 It is flexible because modular systems allow programmers to build custom interfaces, or add
new abilities to it and it is innovative since open source programs are the product of
collaboration among a large number of different programmers.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Pros & Cons Of Open Source
 It is sometimes said that the open source development process may not be well defined and
the stages in the development process, such as system testing and documentation may be
ignored. However this is only true for small (mostly single programmer) projects. Larger,
successful projects do define and enforce at least some rules as they need them to make the
teamwork possible. In the most complex projects these rules may be as strict as reviewing
even minor change by two independent developers.

 Not all OSS initiatives have been successful, for example, SourceXchange and Eazel.
Software experts and researchers who are not convinced by open source’s ability to produce
quality systems identify the unclear process, the late defect discovery and the lack of any
empirical evidence as the most important problems (collected data concerning productivity
and quality).

 It is also difficult to design a commercially sound business model around the open source
paradigm. Consequently, only technical requirements may be satisfied and not the ones of the
market.

 In terms of security, open source may allow hackers to know about the weaknesses or
loopholes of the software more easily than closed-source software. It is depended of control
mechanisms in order to create effective performance of autonomous agents who participate
in virtual organizations.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Why PHP & MySQL ?

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 What Is PHP ?
PHP is the web development language written by & for web developers.PHP
stands for ‘Hypertext Preprocessor’ & also called ‘Personal Home Page Tools’
developed by ‘Rasmus Lerdorf’.

 PHP is a server side scripting language Which can be embedded in HTML or used
as a standalone application binary.

 Hypertext is text, displayed on a computer, with references (hyperlinks) to other

text that the reader can immediately access, usually by a mouse click or key press
sequence. Apart from running text, hypertext may contain tables, images and other
presentational devices. Other means of interaction may also be present, such as a
bubble with text appearing when the mouse hovers over a particular area, a video
clip starting, or a form to complete and submit. The most extensive example of
hypertext today is the World Wide Web.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 What Is MySQL ?
 MySQL is an open source, SQL Relational Database Management System(RDBMS)
that is free for any user developed by Monty Widenius in 1979.

 The MySQL database has become the world's most popular open source database
because of its consistent fast performance, high reliability and ease of use. It's used
on every continent -- Yes, even Antarctica! -- by individual Web developers as well as
many of the world's largest and fastest-growing organizations to save time and
money powering their high-volume Web sites, business-critical systems and
packaged software -- including industry leaders such as Yahoo!, Alcatel-Lucent,
Google, Nokia, YouTube, and Zappos.com.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Reason To Use PHP & MySQL?

1. COST
 PHP costs you nothing. Nothing Up front nothing over
the lifetime.

 MySQL is an Open Source Software but it is not

and has never been primarily community-developed software.

 MySQL can be used for free for any use but if you plan for make money using
MySQL than you have to purchase a license or a support contact.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Reason To Use PHP & MySQL?

2. Ease Of Use
 Unlike other server side scripting languages PHP does not require you to gain
a deep understanding of a major programming languages.

 PHP has a syntax that is quite easy to parse and human friendly.

 Many of the most useful specific functions(such as opening a connection from

database or fetching data from database etc.) are predefined for you.

 If you have no relational database experience with any of the database

system, don’t worry MySQL also comes with graphical administration tools
such as PHPMyAdmin, MySQL Control Center etc where you can admin tha
database easily or after a little learning.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Reason To Use PHP & MySQL?

3. HTML-embeddedness
 PHP is embedded within HTML. In other words PHP pages are ordinary HTML
pages that escapes into PHP mode only when necessary.

 When a client requests this page, the Web server preprocesses it. This means
it goes through the page from top to bottom, looking for sections of PHP,
which it will try to resolve. For one thing, the parser will suck up all assigned
variables (marked by dollar signs) and try to plug them into later PHP
commands (in this case, the echo function). If everything goes smoothly, the
preprocessor will eventually return a normal HTML page to the client’s
browser.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Reason To Use PHP & MySQL?

4. Cross-Platform-Compatibility
 PHP & MySQL run native on every popular flavor(including MAC OS X) and
Windows. A huge percentages of the world’s HTTP servers run on one of
these two classes of operating systems.

 PHP is compatible with the three leading Web servers: Apache HTTP Server
for Unix and Windows, Microsoft Internet Information Server, and Netscape
Enterprise Server.

 PHP is almost totally cross-platform. You can develop on almost any client OS
using your favorite tools and then upload your PHP scripts to a server on
almost any OS.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Reason To Use PHP & MySQL?

5. Not tag-based
 PHP is a real programming language. In PHP, You can define functions to
your heart’s content just by typing a name and a definition.

 There is no more complicated tags like other scripting languages in PHP.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Reason To Love PHP & MySQL?

6. Stability
 The word stable means two different things in this context:
✦ The server doesn’t need to be rebooted often.
✦ The software doesn’t change radically and incompatibly from release to
release.

 Apache HTTP Server seemingly never crashes. It also doesn’t require server
reboots every time a setting is changed. PHP inherits this reliability ; plus its
own implementation is solid yet lightweight.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Reason To Use PHP & MySQL?

7. Speed
 PHP5 is much faster for almost every use than CGI scripts.

 Although many CGI scripts are written in C, one of the lowest-level and therefore
speediest of the major programming languages, they are hindered by the fact
that each request must spawn an entirely new process after being handed off
from the http daemon.

 When compiled this way, PHP becomes part of the http daemon itself. Because
there is no transfer to and from a separate application server (as there is with
ColdFusion, for instance) requests can be filled with maximum efficiency.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Reason To Use PHP & MySQL?

8. Many Extensions
 Database connectivity especially strong with native drive support for about 15
of most popular databases plus ODBC.

 In addition PHP supports a large number of major protocols such as POP3, IMAP
& LDAP.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Reason To Use PHP & MySQL?

8. Many Extensions
 Database connectivity especially strong with native drive support for about 15
of most popular databases plus ODBC.

 In addition PHP supports a large number of major protocols such as POP3, IMAP
& LDAP.

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL

 Thanks !

12/4/2009 © Sharabh Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Open Source, PHP, MySQL