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LABORATOARE 1,2 Rezolvarea Numerică A Ecuaţiilor Algebrice

This document describes three numerical methods - bisection, chord, and tangent (Newton's method) - to solve the equation cos(2x) - x^2 - 1/2 = 0. It provides the Matlab code for each method and steps to call the functions to find the solutions within an absolute error of 10^-5. Examples are given to find the solutions over different intervals. Exercises are provided to modify the code to stop after a maximum number of iterations set by the user and to apply the three methods to solve the equation x + 0.5*arctan(x) - 1 = 0.

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29 views4 pages

LABORATOARE 1,2 Rezolvarea Numerică A Ecuaţiilor Algebrice

This document describes three numerical methods - bisection, chord, and tangent (Newton's method) - to solve the equation cos(2x) - x^2 - 1/2 = 0. It provides the Matlab code for each method and steps to call the functions to find the solutions within an absolute error of 10^-5. Examples are given to find the solutions over different intervals. Exercises are provided to modify the code to stop after a maximum number of iterations set by the user and to apply the three methods to solve the equation x + 0.5*arctan(x) - 1 = 0.

Uploaded by

Stefan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LABORATOARE 1,2 Rezolvarea numerică a ecuaţiilor algebrice

1
Aplicaţie: Să se determine numeric soluţiile ecuaţiei cos(2 x)  x 2   0 cu eroarea absoluta eps  105 .
2
1. METODA BISECTIEI

Functiile Matlab:
function f=f(x)
f=cos(2*x)-x^2-1/2;
end

function rad=bisectie(a,b,eps)
rad=(a+b)/2;
i=1;
fid=fopen('bisectie.txt','w');
fprintf(fid,' i radacina |f(radacina)| \n');
fprintf(fid,'%3d %15.12f % 15.12f \n ',i,rad,abs(f(rad)));
while (b-a)>eps
if f(a)*f(rad)<0
b=rad;
else
a=rad;
end
rad=(a+b)/2;
i=i+1;
fprintf(fid,'%3d %15.12f % 15.12f \n ',i,rad,abs(f(rad)));
end
fclose(fid);
end

Pasi de rezolvare:
1. Se reprezinta grafic functia f(x) si se gasesc intervalele in
care se afla solutiile.
2. Se apeleaza functia bisectie.m in linia de comanda a Matlab-ului
dupa cum urmeaza:
>> rad=bisectie(-2,0,10^(-5))
>> rad=bisectie(0,2,10^(-5))

OBSERVATIE: Solutia numerica se va gasi in fisierul bisectie.txt


2. METODA COARDEI

Functiile Matlab:

function rad=coarda(a,b,eps)
x0=(a*f(b)-b*f(a))/(f(b)-f(a));
i=1;
fid=fopen('coarda.txt','w');
fprintf(fid,' i radacina |f(radacina)| \n');
fprintf(fid,' %3d %15.12f % 15.12f \n ',i,x0,abs(f(x0)));
if f(a)*f(x0)<0
b=x0;
else
a=x0;
end
i=i+1;
x1=(a*f(b)-b*f(a))/(f(b)-f(a));
if f(a)*f(x1)<0
b=x1;
else
a=x1;
end
fprintf(fid,' %3d %15.12f % 15.12f \n ',i,x1,abs(f(x1)));
while abs(x1-x0)>eps
x0=x1;
x1=(a*f(b)-b*f(a))/(f(b)-f(a));
if f(a)*f(x1)<0
b=x1;
else
a=x1;
end

i=i+1;
fprintf(fid,' %3d %15.12f % 15.12f \n ',i,x1,abs(f(x1)));
end
fclose(fid);
rad=x1;
end

Pasi de rezolvare:
1. Se reprezinta grafic functia f(x) si se gasesc intervalele in
care se afla solutiile.
2. Se apeleaza functia coarda.m in linia de comanda a Matlab-ului
dupa cum urmeaza:

>> rad=coarda(0,2,10^(-5))

OBSERVATIE: Solutia numerica se va gasi in fisierul coarda.txt


3. METODA TANGENTEI (Newton)

Functia Matlab:

function rad=tangenta(x0,eps)
syms x
f(x)=cos(2*x)-x^2-1/2;
df(x)=diff(f(x),x);
i=1;
x1=x0-double(f(x0)/df(x0));
fid=fopen('tangenta.txt','w');
fprintf(fid,' i radacina |f(radacina)| \n');
fprintf(fid,' %3d %15.12f % 15.12f \n ',i,x1,abs(double(f(x1))));
while abs(x0-x1)>eps
x0=x1;
x1=x0-double(f(x0)/df(x0));
i=i+1;
fprintf(fid,' %3d %15.12g\f %15.12f \n ',i,x1,abs(double(f(x1))));
end
rad=x1;
fclose(fid);
end

Pasi de rezolvare:
1. Se reprezinta grafic functia f(x) si se gasesc intervalele in
care se afla solutiile.
2. Se apeleaza functia tangenta.m in linia de comanda a Matlab-ului
dupa cum urmeaza:

>> rad=tangenta(1,10^(-5))

OBSERVATIE: Solutia numerica se va gasi in fisierul tangenta.txt

Exercitii: 1. Să se modifice functiile anterioare in asa fel incat procesele iterative sa se opreasca dupa un
numar maxim de iteratii definit de utilizator.
2. Sa se determine numeric solutiile ecuatiei x+0.5*arctg(x)-1=0 folosind metoda bisectiei, coardei
si tangentei.

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