Command Description

adduser Add a new user

arch Print machine architecture

awk Find and Replace text within file(s)

bc An arbitrary precision calculator language

cal Display a calendar

cat Concatenate files and print on the standard output

chdir Change working directory

chgrp Change the group ownership of files

chkconfig Tool for maintaining the /etc/rc[0-6].d directory hierarchy

chmod Change the access permissions of files and directories

chown Change the user and group ownership of files

chroot Change root directory

cksum Print CRC checksum and byte counts

clear Clear terminal screen

cmp Compare two files

comm Compare two sorted files line by line

cp Copy one or more files to another location

cron Daemon to execute scheduled commands

crontab Schedule a command to run at a later time

csplit Split a file into context-determined pieces

cut Divide a file into several parts

date Display or change the date & time

dc Desk Calculator

dd Data Dump - Convert and copy a file

df Display free disk space

diff3 Show differences among three files

dir Briefly list directory contents

dircolors Colour setup for `ls'

dirname Convert a full pathname to just a path

du Estimate file space usage

echo Display message on screen

ed A line-oriented text editor (edlin)

egrep Search file(s) for lines that match an extended expression

eject Eject CD-ROM

env Display, set, or remove environment variables

expand Convert tabs to spaces

expr Evaluate expressions

factor Print prime factors

false Do nothing, unsuccessfully

fdformat Low-level format a floppy disk

fdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux

fgrep Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed string

find Search for files that meet a desired criteria

fmt Reformat paragraph text

fold Wrap text to fit a specified width

format Format disks or tapes

free Display memory usage

fsck Filesystem consistency check and repair

gawk Find and Replace text within file(s)

grep Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern

gzip Compress or decompress named file(s)

head Output the first part of file(s)

hostname Print or set system name

id Print user and group id's

info Help info

install Copy files and set attributes

join Join lines on a common field

kill Stop a process from running

less Display output one screen at a time

ln Make links between files

locate Find files

logname Print current login name

lpc Line printer control program

lpr Off line print

lprm Remove jobs from the print queue

ls List information about file(s)

man Help manual

mkdir Create new folder(s)

mkfifo Make FIFOs (named pipes)

mknod Make block or character special files

more Display output one screen at a time

mount Mount a file system

mv Move or rename files or directories

nice Set the priority of a command or job

nl Number lines and write files

passwd Modify a user password

paste Merge lines of files

pathchk Check file name portability

pr Convert text files for printing

printcap Printer capability database

printenv Print environment variables

printf Format and print data

ps Process status

pwd Print Working Directory

quota Display disk usage and limits

quotacheck Scan a file system for disk usage

quotactl Set disk quotas

ram ram disk device

rcp Copy files between two machines

rm Remove files

rmdir Remove folder(s)

rpm Remote Package Manager

rsync Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)

screen Terminal window manager

sdiff Merge two files interactively

sed Stream Editor

select Accept keyboard input

seq Print numeric sequences

shutdown Shutdown or restart linux

sleep Delay for a specified time

split Split a file into fixed-size pieces

su Substitute user identity

sum Print a checksum for a file

symlink Make a new name for a file

sync Synchronize data on disk with memory

tac Concatenate and write files in reverse

tail Output the last part of files

tar Tape Archiver

tee Redirect output to multiple files

test Evaluate a conditional expression

time Measure Program Resource Use

touch Change file timestamps

top List processes running on the system

traceroute Trace Route to Host

tr Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters

true Do nothing, successfully

tsort Topological sort

tty Print filename of terminal on stdin

umount Unmount a device

uname Print system information

unexpand Convert spaces to tabs

uniq Uniquify files

units Convert units from one scale to another

unshar Unpack shell archive scripts

useradd Create new user account

users List users currently logged in

uuencode Encode a binary file

uudecode Decode a file created by uuencode

vdir Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b')

watch Execute/display a program periodically

wc Print byte, word, and line counts

whereis Report all known instances of a command

which Locate a program file in the user's path

who Print all usernames currently logged in

whoami Print the current user id and name (`id -un')

xargs Execute utility, passing constructed argument list(s)

yes Print a string until interrupted