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    Cold Bending of Laminated Glass Panels

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    Janardhan Reddy
    This document summarizes the results of a finite element analysis (FEA) of the structural silicone in insulated glass units with cold bent glass. The FEA was conducted using Abaqus and RFEM to model shells and solids and calculate stresses. The analysis found that for the worst case scenarios, the average stress in the structural silicone was below the allowable limit of 1 psi, indicating the sealant can safely hold the cold bent glass. Therefore, organic shaped skyscrapers using cold bent glass are structurally viable.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Cold Bending of Laminated Glass Panels

    Uploaded by

    Janardhan Reddy
    211 views23 pages
    This document summarizes the results of a finite element analysis (FEA) of the structural silicone in insulated glass units with cold bent glass. The FEA was conducted using Abaqus and RFEM to model shells and solids and calculate stresses. The analysis found that for the worst case scenarios, the average stress in the structural silicone was below the allowable limit of 1 psi, indicating the sealant can safely hold the cold bent glass. Therefore, organic shaped skyscrapers using cold bent glass are structurally viable.

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    FEA Analysis of Cold Bending Laminated Glass

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    This document summarizes the results of a finite element analysis (FEA) of the structural silicone in insulated glass units with cold bent glass. The FEA was conducted using Abaqus and RFEM to model shells and solids and calculate stresses. The analysis found that for the worst case scenarios, the average stress in the structural silicone was below the allowable limit of 1 psi, indicating the sealant can safely hold the cold bent glass. Therefore, organic shaped skyscrapers using cold bent glass are structurally viable.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    211 views23 pages

    Cold Bending of Laminated Glass Panels

    Uploaded by

    Janardhan Reddy
    This document summarizes the results of a finite element analysis (FEA) of the structural silicone in insulated glass units with cold bent glass. The FEA was conducted using Abaqus and RFEM to model shells and solids and calculate stresses. The analysis found that for the worst case scenarios, the average stress in the structural silicone was below the allowable limit of 1 psi, indicating the sealant can safely hold the cold bent glass. Therefore, organic shaped skyscrapers using cold bent glass are structurally viable.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 23

    FEA of Structural Silicone

    of Warped
    Insulated Glass Units

    Kedar A. Malusare
    Stutzki Engineering
    May, 2017

    Conference Presentation
    2017 Science in the Age of Experience
    Stutzki Engineering – What we Do ?
    Future of skyscrapers
    Insulated Glass Units
    What is an insulated glass unit ?

    Section on an IGU Connection Detail of an IGU


    Cold Bent Glass
    What is cold bent glass ?

    Evolution Tower
    Consequences of Cold Bending of Glass
    Cold bending of glass puts the structural silicone in a state of stress
    Purpose of Talk

    • Organic shaped skyscrapers is the future – Incentive for cold bending

    • What is an Insulated Glass Unit

    • What is meant by cold bending of glass

    • What is Structural Silicone (Glass)

    • What happens to the structural silicone in cold bending

    Can the structural silicone hold the cold bent glass in shape ?

    If the average stress is < 1.00 psi !


    McKinney and Olive
    Project in Dallas, TX

    Building Glass Wall


    Serpentine Glass Wall

    AutoCAD Rendering
    Rhino Modeling
    Warping Distance in Rhino 3D/Grasshopper

    Concept Results
    Abaqus Modeling - Shells
    Abaqus Model
    Mean Reaction Force
    Hand Calculations - Abaqus

    𝑃 𝑅𝐹 𝑅𝐹𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛
    𝜎= = =
    𝐴 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑛𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑠 × 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑒

    Spacing between nodes = 0.25”


    Width of silicone = 1”

    The mean reaction forces and the corresponding average stress for worst
    case lites is

    Lite # Mean Reaction Stress Allowable Stress


    force (lbs) (psi) (psi)
    23 0.142 0.57 1.0
    182 0.169 0.68 1.0
    Abaqus Modeling - Solid
    Solid Model

    Lite # Stress Allowable Stress


    (psi) (psi)
    23 0.61 1.0
    182 0.76 1.0
    Modeling in RFEM
    Modeling in RFEM
    Hand Calculations - RFEM

    P RF Total _ RF
      
    A Area A1  A2

    RF one ply Total Stress Allowable Stress


    Lite # (lbs) RF (lbs) (psi) (psi)
    23 2.455 4.910 0.52 1.0
    182 3.357 6.714 0.71 1.0
    Comparison of Results

    Lite Stress (psi) Allowable Stress


    Num (psi)
    Abaqus (shell) RFEM Abaqus (solid)
    23 0.57 0.52 0.61 1.0
    182 0.68 0.71 0.76 1.0

    The structural sealant is safe !


    Conclusion
    • Cold bending of glass

    • Behavior of structural silicone in cold bending

    • Use Abaqus (shell and solid) to compute average stress

    • Use RFEM to compute average stress

    Thank You.

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