A lined rectangular drain was designed to convey a 2.43 m3/s design flow for the Pasir Mas catchment based on a 10-year average recurrence interval. The catchment area was estimated to be 50 ha using Google Earth Pro. Based on calculations, the drain dimensions were determined to be 1.2 m wide and 1.0 m deep. While the flow velocity of 2.19 m/s is slightly higher than requirements, safety measures like fencing or grating will be used due to the velocity exceeding 2 m/s.
A lined rectangular drain was designed to convey a 2.43 m3/s design flow for the Pasir Mas catchment based on a 10-year average recurrence interval. The catchment area was estimated to be 50 ha using Google Earth Pro. Based on calculations, the drain dimensions were determined to be 1.2 m wide and 1.0 m deep. While the flow velocity of 2.19 m/s is slightly higher than requirements, safety measures like fencing or grating will be used due to the velocity exceeding 2 m/s.
A lined rectangular drain was designed to convey a 2.43 m3/s design flow for the Pasir Mas catchment based on a 10-year average recurrence interval. The catchment area was estimated to be 50 ha using Google Earth Pro. Based on calculations, the drain dimensions were determined to be 1.2 m wide and 1.0 m deep. While the flow velocity of 2.19 m/s is slightly higher than requirements, safety measures like fencing or grating will be used due to the velocity exceeding 2 m/s.
A lined rectangular drain was designed to convey a 2.43 m3/s design flow for the Pasir Mas catchment based on a 10-year average recurrence interval. The catchment area was estimated to be 50 ha using Google Earth Pro. Based on calculations, the drain dimensions were determined to be 1.2 m wide and 1.0 m deep. While the flow velocity of 2.19 m/s is slightly higher than requirements, safety measures like fencing or grating will be used due to the velocity exceeding 2 m/s.
Design a lined rectangular drain to convey the design flow for the Pasir Mas catchment.
Assumption/Estimation: 10-year ARI (Minor System)
Catchment area = 50 ha:
Roads and Highways = 3 ha Grass Cover = 2 ha Forest Cover = 5 ha Residential (Link and Terrace House) = 40 ha *Estimation using Google Earth Pro Storm duration(d) = Post-development time of concentration(tc) = 20 minutes
Reference Calculation Output
Using the developed IDF curve, for storm duration of 20 minutes and 10-year ARI, Rainfall intensity, I = 25mm/hr
Equation 2.3 𝐶𝐼𝐴 𝑄= 360 where: Q = peak flow (m3/s); C = dimensionless runoff coeficcient = Cavg = 0.7 I = average rainfall intensity over time of concentration, tc (mm/hr) = 25mm/hr A = drainage area (ha) = 50 ha
0.7𝑥25𝑥50 𝑄= = 2.43 m3/s 360
Calculate size of lined drain section:
Table 2.3 Manning's n for concrete lining = 0.015
Assuming: Drain longitudinal slope = 0.4% (1 in 250) Width, B = 1.2 m Side slope, Z = 0
Q = vA, where: 1 𝑣= 𝑆𝑜 1/2 𝑅 2/3 ; 𝑛 A = (B+ZD)D = 1.2D 𝑃 = 𝐵 + 2𝐷 1 + 𝑍 2 = 1.2 + 2𝐷 D (m) A (m2) P (m) R (m) v (m/s) Q (m3/s) 0.6 0.72 2.4 0.30 1.89 1.36 0.7 0.84 2.6 0.32 1.99 1.67 Check 0.8 0.96 2.8 0.34 2.07 1.98 & 0.9 1.08 3 0.36 2.13 2.30 (>Q= 2.43m3/s) OK 0.95 1.14 3.1 0.37 2.16 2.47 Allowing a minimum freeboard = 50 mm Required depth, D minimum = 0.95 m Provided dimension of lined drain: Width, B = 1.2 m Depth, D = 1.0 m Velocity, v = 2.19 m/s Discharge, Q = 2.63 m3/s
Figure 14.2 The drain dimensions are 1.2 m wide x 1.0 m deep, which is within the recommended limits.
Section Check flow velocity for lined drain = 2.19 m/s
14.2.4.3 & (0.6<v<2 m/s); 14.2.4.1 The flow velocity is slightly higher than the requirement, but we cant adjust the width as the maximum value of 1.2 m has been used, for flow velocities in excess of 2 m/s and less than 4 m/s, drains shall be provided with a 1.2 m high handrail fence, or covered with metal OK grates or solid plates for the entire length of the drain for public safety.
Depth between 0.6 m and 1.2 m, lined drain shall be covered with metal grates.
Also, a reinforced concrete drain shall be provided since the lined open drains > 0.9 m.
Service opening shall be provided along the open drain with maximum interval spacing at every 100 m
