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    Principal Tensile Stress Check

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    ddmao
    This document discusses principal tensile stress checks in shear design of segmental bridges. It states that principal tension is typically limited to 3.5 times the concrete strength (f'c) to prevent cracking, although codes have not fully adopted this requirement yet. The example bridge analyzed showed principal tensions exceeding 4.5f'c near interior piers. To remedy this, vertical post-tensioning bars will be added to the webs to reduce the tension to an acceptable level.

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    Principal Tensile Stress Check

    Uploaded by

    ddmao
    71 views2 pages
    This document discusses principal tensile stress checks in shear design of segmental bridges. It states that principal tension is typically limited to 3.5 times the concrete strength (f'c) to prevent cracking, although codes have not fully adopted this requirement yet. The example bridge analyzed showed principal tensions exceeding 4.5f'c near interior piers. To remedy this, vertical post-tensioning bars will be added to the webs to reduce the tension to an acceptable level.

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    Principal Tensile Stress Check

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    This document discusses principal tensile stress checks in shear design of segmental bridges. It states that principal tension is typically limited to 3.5 times the concrete strength (f'c) to prevent cracking, although codes have not fully adopted this requirement yet. The example bridge analyzed showed principal tensions exceeding 4.5f'c near interior piers. To remedy this, vertical post-tensioning bars will be added to the webs to reduce the tension to an acceptable level.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    71 views2 pages

    Principal Tensile Stress Check

    Uploaded by

    ddmao
    This document discusses principal tensile stress checks in shear design of segmental bridges. It states that principal tension is typically limited to 3.5 times the concrete strength (f'c) to prevent cracking, although codes have not fully adopted this requirement yet. The example bridge analyzed showed principal tensions exceeding 4.5f'c near interior piers. To remedy this, vertical post-tensioning bars will be added to the webs to reduce the tension to an acceptable level.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    6-52

    A principal tensile stress check in shear design is not yet specified by code, but is typically
    performed as a method to prevent cracking during service load conditions. Stresses are
    calculated using Mohr’s circle to determine principle tension. If the allowable tensile capacity of
    the concrete is exceeded, diagonal tension cracks may be anticipated. Typically the maximum
    principal tension stress is limited from 3—f’c to 4—f’c (psi). Based on information from AASHTO T-
    5 & T-10 Committee meetings held in June, 2004, principle tension stress will be limited to a
    value of 3.5—f’c for segmental bridges. It is anticipated that this check will be adopted by
    AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications in the near future. Although it is likely that this
    check will only be required at the neutral axis of the web, it is recommended that the top slab and
    web interface location be investigated as well. For this example, 3.5—f’c tension will be used as a
    maximum allowable value under service loading.

    Since principal stress is a function of longitudinal, vertical, and shear stress, it is necessary to
    determine concurrent moments for the maximum live load shear. It should be noted that high
    principle stresses commonly occur at interior pier locations, and the HL-93 live load moment
    corresponding to shear should only use one truck, rather than two as used in calculating negative
    moment at interior piers. The live load shall also have a load factor of 0.8 similar to Service III
    Limit State or it would be practically impossible to satisfy principal stresses while the extreme
    fiber could be in tension.

    The maximum principal stresses in this example occurred near the interior piers at the top of the
    web for final conditions. From analysis at the critical section, the maximum principle tension
    stress was approximately 4.5—f’c; larger than the previously discussed limit. For this particular
    example, vertical post-tensioning bars will be used to control the principal tension stress.
    Calculations show that (3) 1¼” diameter bars, as shown in Figure 6.10-3, will be needed in each
    web to reduce principle tension to an acceptable value. The overstress could also be addressed
    by modifying the cross-section (web thickness) or adding more longitudinal compressive stress
    (additional strands). The solution presented was deemed acceptable since only a small number
    of segments will require vertical post-tensioning. A graph of principle stress prior to addition of
    vertical post-tensioned bars can be seen in Figure 6.10-2.

             
      

      

    VQ
    v
    Ib

    where

    LRFD Design Example Precast Balanced Cantilever Construction


    6-53

    V = Vertical shear force

    Q = First moment of an area with respect to C.G. of section

    I = Moment of inertia about C.G. of section

    b = Perpendicular web thickness

    Figure 6.10-1: Principal Stresses and Mohr’s Circle

    Vx  Vy 1

    2
    f1  4v 2  V x  V y
    2 2

    where compression stress is positive

    For V y 0 : (at sections where no vertical web post-tensioning is present)

    va fa u fa  f

    where
    fa = Allowable principal tension
    f = Compressive stress at level on web under investigation

    LRFD Design Example Precast Balanced Cantilever Construction

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