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CH 11

This problem involves calculating the steady-state temperatures at nodes in a rectangular bar given the temperatures at three nodes. (1) The finite difference equations are written for each node using the known temperatures and properties. (2) The temperatures are calculated at the remaining nodes. (3) The heat transfer per unit length from the bar is calculated two ways: using the nodal temperatures and from an overall energy balance, giving agreeing results as expected.

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74 views1 page

CH 11

This problem involves calculating the steady-state temperatures at nodes in a rectangular bar given the temperatures at three nodes. (1) The finite difference equations are written for each node using the known temperatures and properties. (2) The temperatures are calculated at the remaining nodes. (3) The heat transfer per unit length from the bar is calculated two ways: using the nodal temperatures and from an overall energy balance, giving agreeing results as expected.

Uploaded by

Saeed Abd
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROBLEM 4.

45

KNOWN: Steady-state temperatures (K) at three nodes of a long rectangular bar.


FIND: (a) Temperatures at remaining nodes and (b) heat transfer per unit length from the bar using

nodal temperatures; compare with result calculated using knowledge of q.
SCHEMATIC:

ASSUMPTIONS: (1) Steady-state, 2-D conduction, (2) Constant properties.


ANALYSIS: (a) The finite-difference equations for the nodes (1,2,3,A,B,C) can be written by
inspection using Eq. 4.35 and recognizing that the adiabatic boundary can be represented by a
symmetry plane.
q Δx 2 5 ×10 W/m ( 0.005m )
7 3 2
∑  2
Tneighbors − 4Ti + qΔx / k = 0 and
k
=
20 W/m ⋅ K
= 62.5K.

Node A (to find T2): 2T2 + 2TB − 4TA + q Δx 2 / k = 0


1
T2 = ( −2 × 374.6 + 4 × 398.0 − 62.5) K = 390.2K <
2
Node 3 (to find T3): Tc + T2 + TB + 300K − 4T3 + q Δx 2 / k = 0
1
T3 = ( 348.5 + 390.2 + 374.6 + 300 + 62.5 ) K = 369.0K <
4
Node 1 (to find T1): 300 + 2TC + T2 − 4T1 + q Δx 2 / k = 0
1
T1 = ( 300 + 2 × 348.5 + 390.2 + 62.5) = 362.4K <
4
(b) The heat rate out of the bar is determined by calculating the heat rate out of each control volume
around the 300 K nodes. Consider the node in the upper left-hand corner; from an energy balance
E in − E out + E g = 0 or q′a = q′a,in + E g where E g = qV.

Hence, for the entire bar q′bar = q′a + q′b + q′c + q′d + q′e + q′f , or

⎡ Δy T1 − 300  ⎡ Δx Δy ⎤ ⎤ ⎡ T − 300 ⎡ Δx ⎤ ⎤ ⎡ ⎡ Δx Δy ⎤ ⎤
q′ = ⎢k +q⎢ ⋅ ⎥ ⎥ + ⎢ kΔy C + q ⎢ ⋅ Δy ⎥ ⎥ + ⎢ q ⎢ ⋅ +
bar
⎣ 2 Δx ⎣ 2 2 ⎦ ⎦a ⎣ Δx ⎣ 2 ⎦ ⎦ b ⎣ ⎣ 2 2 ⎥⎦ ⎥⎦ c
⎡ TC − 300 ⎡ Δy ⎤ ⎤ ⎡ T3 − 300 ⎡ Δy ⎤ ⎤ ⎡ Δx TB − 300 ⎡ Δx Δ y ⎤ ⎤
⎢ kΔx Δy + q ⎢ Δx ⋅ 2 ⎥ ⎥ + ⎢ kΔx Δy + q ⎢ Δx ⋅ 2 ⎥ ⎥ + ⎢ k 2 + q ⎢ ⋅ ⎥ .
⎣ ⎣ ⎦ ⎦d ⎣ ⎣ ⎦ ⎦e ⎣ Δy ⎣ 2 2 ⎥⎦ ⎦ f

Substituting numerical values, find q′bar = 7,502.5 W/m. From an overall energy balance on the
bar,
 A = q ( 3Δx ⋅ 2Δy ) = 5 × 107 W/m3 × 6 ( 0.005m )2 = 7,500 W/m.
q′bar = E ′g = qV/ <
As expected, the results of the two methods agree. Why must that be?

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