A PROJECT SYNOPSIS ON

“FUTURE OF E-COMMERCE IN 2018

AND BEYOND”

SUBMITTED FOR
The partial fulfillment of B.COM honors in Accounting & Finance, under the
university of Calcutta.

SUBMITTED TO
UNIVERSITY OF CALCUTTA

SUPERVISED BY SUBMITTED BY
----------------------------------- ARINDAM HAIT

ROLL NO. 342

Mobile: 7278285112

GOENKA COLLEGE OF COMMERCE AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

INTRODUCTION:

 Electronic commerce more well known as e-commerce, consists of the buying

or selling of products via electronic means such as the internet or other electronic
services. This type of trade has been growing rapidly because of the expansion
of the Internet.

There are 5 common types of E-commerce:

1. Consumer to business E-commerce

2. Business to business E-commerce
3. Business to consumer E-commerce, also called online shopping
4. Consumer to consumer E-commerce
5. Intra organizational E-commerce

e-commerce market in India

The e-commerce market in India is estimated to grow from $10 billion every year to
between $ 70 - 260 billion every year by 2025.
It is also estimated that the e-commerce market is about 57% from small towns and the
balance from the largest metros.The most popular use of e-commerce is on travel
websites, which is done by about 70% of all e-commerce consumers in India.There are
challenges to e-commerce companies operating in India - including some reluctance of
consumers to pay for goods or services online.Some companies are trying to get
around this problem by providing cash-on-delivery as a service to their consumers

B2C Business Models in the Online World

There are few types of online B2C business models that most companies use online to
target consumers:

1. Direct sellers:

online versions of department stores that sell products from different manufacturers.

2. Online intermediaries:

These are liaisons or go-betweens who don’t actually own products or services that put
buyers and sellers together. Think of sites like Expedia, Trivago or Etsy.
 3. Advertising-based B2C:

large volumes of web traffic are used to sell advertising, which, therefore, sells goods
and services..

4. Community-based:

Sites like Facebook, which builds online communities based on shared interests, help
marketers and advertisers get their products directly to consumers. Websites will target
ads based on users’ demographics and geographical location.

5. Fee-based:

Direct-to-consumer sites like Netflix will charge a fee so consumers can access their
content. Sometimes, the site can also offer free, but limited content, while charging for
most of it. The New York Times and other large newspapers often use a fee-based B2C
business model.

e-commerce payment system

 An e-commerce payment system facilitates the acceptance of
electronic payment for online transactions. Also known as a sample of Electronic Data
Interchange (EDI), e-commerce payment systems have become increasingly popular due to
the widespread use of the internet-based shopping and banking.

There are companies that enable financial transactions to take place over the internet, such
as PayPal. Many of the mediaries permit consumers to establish an account quickly, and to transfer
funds into their on-line accounts from a traditional bank account (typically via ACH transactions),
and vice versa, after verification of the consumer's identity and authority to access such bank
accounts. Also, the larger mediaries further allow transactions to and from credit card accounts,
although such credit card transactions are usually assessed a fee (either to the recipient or the
sender) to recoup the transaction fees charged to the mediary.
The speed and simplicity with which cyber-mediary accounts can be established and used have
contributed to their widespread use, although the risk of abuse, theft and other problems—with
disgruntled users frequently accusing the mediaries themselves of wrongful behavior is associated
with them.
OBJECTIVE:
1. To know the consumer preferences for online purchase,based on their income.
2. To analyse the recent development of online payment systems for e-commerce,
covering different payment mechanisms, the extent to which these different systems are
used and their implications.
3. To predict the future of ecommerce in india
4. To explore behind the reasons of success of ecommerce.
5. To find relation between ecommerce and economic development

METHODOLOGY:
Primary data is collected through surveys and questionnaire , and interviews from respondents.Studying
the consumer preference.Analysing the feedback sections of online market places

Secondary is collected from different websites and articles available in the internet.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:
WWW.INVESTOPEDIA .COM

www. Google.com

www.wikipedia.com

How E-Commerce will change in the

next 5 years in India?
admin

1k 1 0
The Indian e-commerce industry has seen a series of devaluations and funding crunches in the past,
this year has seen it all. This pattern has alarmed many and gave rise to the question, “Is this the
end of this colourful industry in India?” But experts believe that we have a glowing future ahead.

The e-commerce sector is slated to increase by about 1200% to $200 billion by 2026, up from $15
million in 2016, according to a report by financial services expert Morgan Stanley. This is sure to
bring a speck of smile to the industry waiting for any miracle to turn around.
The ways in which e-commerce is expected to change in the next 5 years:-

1. Enhanced retail experiences

Virtual reality can be a boon to the industry. The brick and mortar shops are gradually replaced with
smaller experience-driven retail stores. Retailers can make use of bacon technology which is a
refinement of the virtual reality. This is similar to the concept of a warning system where upon
reaching, the user will be alerted through apps with alerts of discounts or detailed pick-up
information, utilizing Bluetooth Low Energy technology.

2. Everything on mobile
 E-
commerce will basically shift towards the handheld devices because the traffic on sites from
mobiles is 10 times greater than that on desktops. The mobile devices being considered the
Omnichannel of life, brands will become more focused to develop their mobile experience, marking
a new era for the industry. For example, Amazon’s shopping experience boasts of seamless, hassle-
free and quick shopping options. Google is also mulling the idea to make mobiles the sole of their
indexing services.

3. Touch-based experiences
The entry of mobile devices and use of multiple devices have raised the bar for user experience.
Handheld devices are now mostly touch-operated thus it will pave the way for the touch
experience. Augmented reality will enable a user to feel an object, touch it, move it, similar to the
function one does at a brick store. In the e-commerce industry, buyers have to judge on the basis of
flat images provided which in the near future be changed to 3D images, providing the glimpse as if
the nonexistent object is placed right in front of the user.

4. Voice assistants
The technology innovation which started with the advent of ‘Siri’ has escalated due to the advance
in augmented reality. Top players such as Amazon’s Echo and Google’s Home have entered the
segment and are even being gradually welcomed though the prices are still steep in nature. The
possibility of this science is endless, and yet it is in the hands of the public if they want to use it or
not, whether it will be beneficial to integrate with their lives.

5. Better governance
With the introduction of GST in India, e-commerce players have better governance by the
government. The decrease in prices of warehousing and delivery, tax collected at source and
increased outreach will boost streamlining the service. The GST will create a level playing ground for
the industry giving a fair chance to all the retailers and also uphold the business growth.

6. Automatic delivery
This is already being used in Japan and China. This technique allows delivery associates to deliver
parcels using delivery drones and automated shipping trucks. Amazon has already tested this
feature using to deliver a package using a drone in Bengaluru. This can reduce fuel costs and also
augment customer experience.
This growth is being driven by a combination of rising internet penetration, extensive usage of
smart-phones, drop in data access costs and flow of credit to consumers and micro-enterprises.

https://www.zepo.in/blog/2018/03/28/e-
commerce-will-change-next-5-years-india/
This statistic provides the retail e-commerce volume in India from 2016 to 2022. In
2016, the sale of physical goods via digital channels in India amounted to 16.07
billion U.S. dollars in revenues.
E-commerce in India – additional information

India is one of the fastest-growing e-commerce markets worldwide, with millions of

new internet users taking advantage of cheap mobile connectionsto send mobile
messages, watch online videos, use mobile services, and of course, to shop. As of
2015, only 26 percent of the local population was using the internet; almost ten times
the audience size from a decade prior. According to recent market research, mobile
phone internet user penetration in India is projected to reach 37.36 percent of the
population in 2021, representing a huge potential in terms of digital and mobile buyer
audience. Total internet audiences in India are estimated to surpass 635 million
online users in 2021.

As of 2015, the majority of online users in India were male, and the same held true for
online shoppers. In India, men accounted for almost two thirds of online shopping
audiences. Despite this imbalance in online presence and digital spending, female
online shoppers are estimated to account for 42 percent of all Indian e-retail
spending in 2020, up from only 20 percent of total retail e-commerce expenditure in
2015Internet usage in India - Statistics & Facts
With over 460 million internet users, India is the second largest online market, ranked only behind
China. By 2021, there will be about 635.8 million internet users in India. Despite the large base of
internet users in India, only 26 percent of the Indian population accessed the internet in 2015. This is a
significant increase in comparison to the previous years, considering the internet penetration rate in
India stood at about 10 percent in 2011. Furthermore, men dominated internet usage in India with 71
percent to women’s 29 percent.

Indians often turn to mobile internet, as the large majority of the digital population in India were
mobile internet users in 2016. About 323 million people in India accessed the internet through their
mobile phones in 2016, which corresponds to about 24.3 percent of the country’s population. Both
figures are forecast to increase in the coming years, with projections to amount to 524.5 million and
around 37.4 percent respectively in 2021. Mobile internet usage in Indiavaries according to people's
living areas. As of 2016, India had an estimate of 262 million mobile internet users living in urban
communities, and 109 million living in rural areas.

One aspect whereby India shares the characteristics of other global internet users is its passion for social
media. In 2021, it is estimated that there will be around 358.2 million social network users in India, a
significant increase from 2016, when this figure stood at about 216.5 million. This means that the share
of the Indian population that access social networks is expected to jump from around 16.3 percent in
2016 to just over 25 percent. Facebook is the most popular social networking site in the country. There
were about 195 million Facebook users in India as 2016, placing India as the country with the largest
Facebook user base in the world. Other popular networks include WhatsApp, Google+, and Skype.

With an estimate of 43.8 percent digital buyer penetration in 2016, online shopping is also a popular
online activity of Indian internet users. Retail e-commerce sales in India amounted to about 16 billion
U.S. dollars that year and are projected to surpass 45 billion U.S. dollars in 2021. Mobile shopping has
gained space in the country as well. About 49 percent of Indian consumers stated using their mobiles
for purchasing goods or services. This share is above global average – which stood at 38 percent as of
2016 – and the second highest figure in the world, only behind China.

Countries with the highest number of internet

users as of December 2017 (in millions)
Number of internet users in
millions772772462.12462.12312.32312.32149.06149.06143.26143.26118.63118.63109.55
109.5598.3998.39858580.4880.4879.1379.136767646463.0663.0660.4260.42575756.756.
754.854.851.851.848.2148.21ChinaIndiaUnited
StatesBrazilIndonesiaJapanRussiaNigeriaMexicoBangladeshGermanyPhilippinesVietnamU
nited KingdomFranceThailandIranTurkeyItalyEgypt
0100200300400500600700800900

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DESCRIPTIONSOURCEMORE INFORMATION

The statistic shows the number of worldwide internet users in selected countries as of
December 2017. China was ranked first with 772 million internet users, more than double
the amount of third-ranked United States with just over 312 million internet users. Overall,
all BRIC markets had more than 100 million internet users, accounting for four of the seven
countries with more than 100 million internet users.
Worldwide internet usage - additional information

According to a recent report, there were 3.49 billion internet users around the world.
Considering that the number of humans living on Earth is presently estimated at some 8.5
billion, this means that over 41 percent of the world population is interconnected through the
use of internet. There are, however, stark differences in user distribution according to
region, where East Asia is home to 923 million internet users, while African and the Middle
Eastern regions have lower user figures.

As of 2017, China ranks first in a top of countries with most internet users. Due to its
ongoing and fast-paced economic development, but also to a cultural inclination towards
technology, more than 731 million of the estimated 1.38 billion population in China are
online. Some of the other notable emerging markets are India, with a projected number of
internet usersof 636 million by 2021, or Indonesia, which is expected to have 144.2 million
of its citizens surfing the World Wide Web around the same year.

Notwithstanding the leadership of China and the overall Asia Pacific region in terms of
sheer number of cybercitizens, the most common language in the online medium is still
English, which is preferred by over 26 percent of the total number of internet users