Hedgerow Planting (422) for Pollinators:

Western Oregon & Washington

Specifications and Implementation Requirements

June 2013

The Xerces Society for

Invertebrate Conservation
Western bumble bee (Bombus occidentalis) foraging on Canada goldenrod (Solidago canadensis). (Photograph by Rich
www.xerces.org Hatfield, The Xerces Society.)
Acknowledgements
This guide was written by Mace Vaughan, Eric Mader, Jessa Guisse, Jolie Goldenetz-Dollar, and Brianna Bor-
ders (Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation), Kathy Pendergrass (Oregon NRCS), Joe Williams and
Anna Young-Mathews (Corvallis, Oregon NRCS Plant Materials Center), and Gwendolyn Ellen (Oregon State
University Integrated Plant Protection Center). The authors would like to thank Vaughn Farms, Omeg Orchards,
Gathering Together Farms, and Sturm Farms for the efforts to field trial pollinator habitat projects. Please con-
tact Mace Vaughan ([email protected]) to improve this publication.

Financial support to the Xerces Society for the development of this guide was provided by a USDA-NRCS
Conservation Innovation Grant, the NRCS West National Technology Support Center, the CS Fund, the Turner
Foundation, the Columbia Foundation, the Ceres Foundation, the Dudley Foundation, the Bullitt Foundation, the
Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund, the Panta Rhea Foundation, the Gaia Fund, the Bill Healy Foundation,
the Aveda Earth Fund, the Sarah K. de Coizart Article TENTH Perpetual Charitable Trust, the Elizabeth Ord-
way Dunn Foundation, the Goldman Foundation, the Natural Resources Foundation of Wisconsin ATC Envi-
ronmental Stewardship Fund, the SeaWorld and Busch Gardens Conservation Fund, the Wildwood Foundation,
and Xerces Society members.

(Photo credit: Mace Vaughan, Xerces Society)

The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation

628 NE Broadway Suite 200, Portland, OR 97232 ◦ 866-232-6639 ◦ www.xerces.org

The Xerces Society is a nonprofit organization that protects wildlife through the
conservation of invertebrates and their habitat. Established in 1971, the Society is at the
forefront of invertebrate protection worldwide.

The Xerces Society is an equal opportunity employer.

Hedgerow Planting (422) for Pollinators Specifications: Western Oregon & Washington
Hedgerow Planting for Pollinators: Western Oregon & Washington
Specifications
Definition and Purpose Client Conservation Objectives
These instructions provide in-depth guidance on how to in- Depending on landowner objectives and project design, polli-
stall dense vegetation in a linear design to enhance pollen, nator hedgerows also may provide food, cover, and corridors
nectar, and nesting habitat for pollinators. To plan a specific for other wildlife, provide windbreaks, reduce soil erosion,
project, use this guide with the Practice Installation Job Sheet protect water quality, and attract other beneficial insects such
found at the end of this document. as predators and/or parasitoids of crop pests.

Key Site Characteristics

Site selection for pollinator habitat should take the following cantly in planning for site preparation and follow up weed
into consideration: management during establishment.
 Pesticide Drift: Habitat must be protected from pesticides  Site History: Factors such as past plant cover (e.g., weeds,
(especially insecticides and bee-toxic fungicides and herbi- crops, grass sod, and/or native plants), use of pre-emergent
cides). Only sites with no to very low risk for pesticide herbicides or other chemicals, and soil compaction can
drift should be established as new habitat. This includes affect plant establishment. It is also important to know if
some pesticides approved for use on organic farms. sites may have poor drainage, or may flood, as such condi-
 Accessibility: New habitat should be accessible to equip- tions make habitat establishment more difficult or require a
ment for planting and maintenance operations. plant mix adapted to the site.
 Sunlight: Most native shrubs grow best in full sunlight.  Soils and Habitat: Most plants listed in the Appendix of
 Slope: Steep or highly erodible sites should not be dis- this guide are tolerant of many soil conditions and types,
turbed. For re-vegetating such sites, consider Critical Area however all plants establish better when matched with ap-
Planting (342) or other suitable Practice Standards. propriate conditions.
 Weed Pressure: Areas with high weed pressure will take  Irrigation: To establish plants from plugs, pots, or bare
more time and effort to prepare for planting. It is also im- root will require irrigation.
portant to note the primary weed composition. Knowing  Other Functions: The site may offer opportunities to
the most abundant weed species on site, their reproductive serve other functions – such as run-off prevention, stream
methods, and whether they are grass or broadleaf, perenni- bank stabilization, wildlife habitat, or windbreaks. Those
al or annual, and woody or herbaceous will help signifi- factors can influence plant choice and/or design.

Plant Selection
Native Plants: Plant species selection should be limited to Non-Native Plants: Plant selection should focus on pollen
plants providing pollen- and nectar-rich forage resources for and nectar rich native plants, but non-invasive, non-native
bees. The Appendix provides information on acceptable plants may be used when cost or availability are limiting fac-
plants in Western Oregon & Washington. tors. Please see the Appendix for acceptable non-native
If you are designing a custom plant list, individual species plants.
should be chosen so that there are consistent and adequate
floral resources throughout the season. In order to achieve Alternate Pest or Disease Hosts: In most cases, native polli-
this goal, a minimum of three species from each blooming nator plants do not serve as alternate hosts for crop pests or
period (early, mid, and late season), should be included. Plant diseases, but selected plants should be cross-referenced for
composition (i.e., percent of each species) can be designed to specific crop pest or disease associations. Research indicates
complement adjacent crop bloom time or other abundant spe- that weedy borders harbor more pests than are found in di-
cies in the landscape, with more plants blooming immediate- verse native plantings.
ly before and after adjacent crops.

June 17, 2013 3

Site Preparation
Site preparation is one of the most important and often in- growing season. High weed pressure conditions are charac-
adequately addressed components of project success. It is terized by:
also a process that may require more than one season of effort  Persistent year-round cover of undesirable plants
to reduce competition from invasive, noxious, or undesirable (covering the entire surface of the site);
non-native plants prior to planting. In particular, site prepa-  Sites where weeds have been actively growing (and pro-
ration should focus on the removal of perennial weeds (there ducing seed) for multiple years;
are more options to address annual or biennial weeds after  Sites dominated by introduced sod-forming grasses and
planting). Regardless of whether the objective is to establish rhizomatous forbs (e.g. Canada thistle).
herbaceous or woody vegetation, more effort and time spent
eradicating undesirable plants prior to planting will result in If desired, site preparation can also include the creation of
higher success rates in establishing the targeted plant commu- a berm to serve as the hedgerow base. Hedgerows with berm-
nity. Weed removal methods are provided in Table 1 (for site bases are preferred in some regions for greater windbreak
preparation where wildflowers will be seeded within or adja- and screening benefits (due to the raised base). Hedgerow
cent to a hedgerow, see the Conservation Cover (327) for berms are often roughly 3 feet in width and height, and are
Pollinators Installation Guide and Job Sheet: Western Ore- created using soil excavated from the sides of the berm
gon & Washington). (creating a parallel ditch on both sites of the hedgerow).
Note: If weed pressure is high, then the weed abatement Field stones are sometimes added to hedgerow berms as well,
strategies detailed here should be repeated for an additional adding additional height and structure.

Figure 1

(Photo: Ed Vaughn) (Photo: Oregon NRCS)

The site on the left is not ready for planting. Site preparation should Weedy vegetation has been removed from the site on the right; cre-
focus on removing existing weedy vegetation. ating a clean planting area where hedgerow plants can become es-
tablished with less competition for sunlight and water.

4 Hedgerow Planting (422) for Pollinators Specifications: Western Oregon & Washington
Table 1: Weed Removal Methods

METHOD: MOWING OR STRIP TILLAGE

Where to Use Timing

 Where weed pressure is low  Total time: 1 + month
 Areas with a low risk of erosion  Begin: anytime
 Areas accessible to equipment  Plant: anytime, but October to November is best
Basic Instructions:
1. Where weed pressure is low, mow or till the existing vegetation as low to the ground as possible for the length of the hedgerow.
2. If necessary, rake or lightly harrow the strip to create a clean surface for installing transplants.

METHOD: NON-SELECTIVE (NON-PERSISTENT) HERBICIDE

Where to Use Timing

 Where weed pressure is high  Total time: 1 + month
 Conventional farms and organic farms*  Begin: anytime
 Areas with a low risk of erosion  Plant: anytime, but October to November is best
 Areas accessible to sprayer
Basic Instructions:
1. Mow existing thatch as needed at least two weeks before beginning herbicide treatments to expose new weed growth to the herbi-
cide spray.

2. Apply a non-selective, non-persistent herbicide as per label when weeds are actively growing.
3. If necessary, repeat herbicide applications as weeds reach 4” to 6” in height until the desired level of weed control is achieved.
4. Plant the transplants, waiting at least 72 hours after the last herbicide treatment. Refer to the Planting Methods section of this
document for specific recommendations.

NOTE: Do not till. Avoid any ground disturbance that may bring up additional weed seed. An additional year of site preparation is
recommended if weed pressure is particularly high. Avoid use of herbicides that are bee-toxic (e.g., Paraquat and Gramoxone).

* Choice of herbicide must be acceptable to OMRI for organic operations or, if not, used outside of certified ground AND approved
by an organic certifier.

June 17, 2013 5

Table 1 (Cont.): Weed Removal Methods

METHOD: SOLARIZATION

Where to Use Timing

 Where weed pressure is high  Total time: 6+ months
 Organic and conventional farms  Begin: spring
 Areas with a low risk of erosion  Plant: fall
 Areas accessible to mowing equipment
 Locations with full sun
Basic Instructions:
1. Mow, till, or lightly harrow and smooth the site in the spring (raking off debris, if necessary).
2. After smoothing the site, irrigate thoroughly and lay UV stabilized plastic (such as high tunnel plastic) burying the edges to pre-
vent airflow between the plastic and the ground. Weigh down the center of the plastic if necessary to prevent the wind from lifting
it. Use greenhouse repair tape for any rips that occur during the season.
3. Remove the plastic in early-fall before the weather cools and the area beneath the plastic is recolonized by nearby rhizomatous
weeds.
4. Immediately install transplants. Refer to Planting Methods section of this document for specific bed preparation recommenda-
tions.

NOTE: Avoid any ground disturbance that may bring up additional weed seed. An additional year of site preparation is recommend-
ed if weed pressure is particularly high.

Planting Methods and Materials

Regular shovels are usually adequate for transplanting most Some species of shrubs, such as willows and OTHERS,
woody nursery stock. However, dibble sticks or mechanical may be established from cuttings. This can be a very inex-
transplanters are sometimes helpful for plug-planting. Power pensive way of securing plant materials, but requires cut-
augers and mechanical tree spades can be helpful for larger ting and planting in November to maximize success. Cut-
plants. tings should be pushed at least 12 inches into the ground
Depending on weed pressure, hedgerow plants can be or into the water table.
installed through planting holes cut into landscape fabric Regardless of when planting occurs, however, the new
(after which the fabric is typically covered with mulch). planting should be irrigated thoroughly immediately after
While this practice may be highly effective for weed control, planting. Holes for plants can be dug and pre-irrigated prior
it likely reduces nesting opportunities for ground-nesting to planting as well. Follow-up irrigation is dependent upon
pollinators and other wildlife. Hedgerows should be installed weather and specific site conditions, but generally even na-
without landscape fabric when possible. tive and drought tolerant plants should be irrigated with at
Plant size at maturity should be considered when planting. least 1” of water per week (except during natural rain events),
Most woody shrubs can be spaced on 4’ – 10’ centers for the first two years after planting. Long, deep watering is
(depending upon size at maturity), with most herbaceous best to encourage deep root system development and shallow
plants spaced closer on 2’ – 3’ centers. It is helpful to meas- irrigation should be avoided. Drip irrigation is useful, and
ure the planting areas prior to purchasing transplants, and to other methods that allow for deep watering can be successful.
stage the transplants in the planting area prior to installing It is advisable to irrigate at the base of plants and avoid over-
them in the ground. head irrigation that would encourage weed growth. Once
Transplanting can occur any time the ground can be plants are established, irrigation should be removed or greatly
worked, but should be timed to avoid prolonged periods of decreased. Non-native plants may require more frequent irri-
hot, dry, or windy weather. The best time for western Ore- gation, and may still require supplemental irrigation once
gon and Washington is October or November for potted established.
plants. Bareroot material is often cheaper, most available in Most of the plants in the Appendix are adapted to a varie-
February, and should be planted before buds break. ty of soil conditions and do not need any specific amend-

Hedgerow Planting (422) for Pollinators Specifications: Western Oregon & Washington
6
ments. However, in areas where the soil is compacted, de- phase. Recommended materials include wood chips, bark
graded, or depleted, compost should be used during planting. dust, weed-free straw, nut shells, grapeseed pumice, or other
Compost should be free from weed seeds, aged properly, and regionally appropriate weed free mulch materials.
mixed thoroughly with soil in the holes during planting. Seeding Wildflowers: Wildflowers can also be planted
Where rodent damage may occur, underground wire cages from seed within or adjacent to hedgerows to provide addi-
around roots are recommended. Plant guards also may be tional plant structure and diversity. Seeding requires excel-
needed to protect plants from above ground browsing or ant- lent site preparation to reduce weed pressure since weed con-
ler damage by deer. Newly planted areas should be clearly trol options are limited when the wildflowers start to germi-
marked to protect them from herbicides or other disturbances. nate. For more information on establishing wildflowers from
Mulching (2” to 3” deep) is recommended to reduce weed seed, see the Conservation Cover for Pollinators Installation
competition and to retain moisture during the establishment Guide and Job Sheet: Western Oregon & Washington.

Planting Method Photos

(Photo: Eric Mader, Xerces Society) (Photo: Gwendolyn Ellen, Oregon State University)

Figure 2. Hedgerow plants can be staggered in multiple rows, providing a wider habitat feature, with greater secondary benefits (such as
screening, wind reduction, and dust control (left). Where weed pressure is particularly severe, the ground below the hedgerow can be
covered in weed barrier landscape fabric (right). The use of weed barrier however may reduce the value to ground-nesting wildlife, in-
cluding many species of bees.

Figure 3. Grow tubes or trunk protectors may help during establishment to reduce
browsing by herbivores and trunk damage from mowers or weeding operations
(top left) (Photo by: John Anderson, Hedgerow Farms). Wildflowers can be seed-
ed in linear strips alongside newly planted hedgerows to provide pollen and nectar
resources while slower growing shrubs become established (top right) (Photo by:
Jessa Guisse, Xerces Society). Site preparation and weed eradication needs to be
very rigorous prior to planting seeds. See Conservation Cover (327) for Pollina-
tors Installation Guide and Job Sheet: Western Oregon & Washington. Most spe-
cies will benefit from an inch of water per week during the first two years of es-
tablishment, either from natural rainfall, or from irrigation, such as the drip irriga-
tion lines used on this hedgerow (left) (Photo by: Eric Mader, Xerces Society).

June 17, 2013 7

Maintenance During Establishment (Short-Term)
Weed control is critical in the first and second years after herbicides do not drift or drip onto desirable plant species.
planting. If the site is well prepared, then less effort will be  Selective Herbicides: Grass-selective herbicides can be
required for weeding after project installation. Maintenance used to control weedy grasses in hedgerows. Contact a
practices must be adequate to control noxious and invasive local crop advisor or Extension specialist for appropriate
species and may involve tools such as mowing, string trim- herbicide selection and timing, or see the Pacific North-
ming, hand hoeing, or spot spraying with herbicides. west Weed Management Handbook.
Weeds should be prevented from going to seed in, or ad-  Managing Irrigation: Whenever possible, irrigation
jacent to, the hedgerow during the first two (and possibly should be supplied at the base of the transplant (through
three) years after planting to help ensure long-term success. drip irrigation, for example) to avoid watering nearby
Familiarity with the life cycle of weeds will facilitate appro- weeds.
priate timing of management activities. Common weed-  Mowing / String Trimming: Mowing or string trimming
management strategies include: can be utilized to keep weedy species from going to seed
 Spot Spraying: Spot spraying with herbicides can be ef- and shading out hedgerow plants.
fective, relatively inexpensive, and require minimal labor,  Hand Weeding: Hand-weeding (including hoeing) can be
even on larger project areas. Care should be taken that effective in small areas with moderate weed pressure.

Operations and Maintenance (Long-Term)

Control herbivores as needed, but remove tree guards or oth-
er materials that could impede plant growth as soon as possi-
ble after establishment. In most cases, irrigation can be re-
moved from transplants by the end of the second year after
planting. Continue to protect habitat from pesticides and
herbicides except when necessary to control noxious or inva-
sive plants. On-going herbicide use (spot-treatment) or occa-
sional hand weeding may be necessary to control noxious
weeds. Maintain the long-term plant diversity of pollinator
habitat by re-planting as necessary.
Hedgerow plantings may need to be managed over time to
prevent shrub encroachment into adjacent fields or roadsides
or to cut back large trees that shade out other hedgerow spe-
cies. Depending on management goals (e.g., preferred wild-
life structure) larger hedgerow species are sometimes cut
back to a stump and allowed to re-sprout (called coppicing)
to produce multiple bushy stems. Another practice, called
hedge-laying involves cutting most of the way through up-
right trunks, then pushing the still partially attached trunks
over at an angle in line with the hedgerow. New growth from
the stumps and laid trunks results in thicker hedgerow struc-
ture and fills in gaps where other shrubs may have died. Re-
gardless of management needs, do not prune hedgerow plants
during critical wildlife nesting seasons (between March 15
and July 15).
Finally, note that some common farm-management prac- Figure 6. Newly planted areas should be clearly marked to
tices can cause harm to bees and other beneficial insects. protect them from herbicides or other disturbances. Using
signs such as the one above can be a useful tool to designate pro-
Insecticides are especially problematic, including some in-
tected pollinator habitat.
secticides approved for organic farms. Therefore, if insecti-
cide spraying is to occur on the farm, it is critical that the
pollinator habitat hedgerow is outside of the sprayed area
and/or protected from application and drift.

8 Hedgerow Planting (422) for Pollinators Specifications: Western Oregon & Washington
Appendix: Recommended Plants, Sources, and References
Recommended Native Hedgerow Plants for Pollinators. Most woody plants on this list can be main-
tained as a hedge or cut back to 3 feet tall during the dormant season.
MATURE WATER
COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME NOTES
HEIGHT REQUIREMENTS
Early Season Blooming Species
Manage as a tree or shrub based on prun-
Chokecherry Prunus virginiana 20 ft Medium
ing. Poisonous to livestock.
Evergreen. Take care to protect growth
Oregon Grape Mahonia aquifolium 8 ft Medium
points at tips of branches during pruning
Vine Maple Acer circinatum 20 ft. Medium Will grow well in shade or sun
Large, evergreen short-lived bush form
Riverbank Lupine Lupinus rivularis 4 ft Medium of lupine; limited tolerance for freezing;
fast/aggressive growth; reseeds.
Host for spotted wing drosophila. Flow-
ers attract migrating hummingbirds.
Salmonberry Rubus spectabilis 12 ft High
Suckering will expand plant over time.
Fair establishment from cuttings.
Saskatoon Service-
Amelanchier alnifolia 15-20 ft Medium
berry
Dioecious. Plant male plants to provide
critical pollen source. Maintained as a
Scouler’s Willow Salix scouleriana 20+ ft High
tree or shrub based on pruning. Good
establishment from cuttings.
Dioecious. Plant male plants to provide
critical pollen source. Can be maintained
Sitka Willow Salix sitchensis 20+ ft High
as a tree or shrub based on pruning. Es-
tablishes well from cuttings.
Does best in wetter conditions. Good
Twinberry Lonicera involucrata 10 ft Medium
establishment from cuttings.
Red Currant Ribes sanguineum 10 ft Medium Important plant for hummingbirds.
Early to Mid Season Blooming Species
Provides pithy stems for solitary bee
Red Elderberry Sambucus racemosa 12 ft Medium
nests. Fair establishment from cuttings.
Antelope Bitterbrush Purshia tridentata 6 ft Low Southwest Oregon
Tall at maturity, but can be maintained
Cascara Frangula purshiana 35 ft Medium
as shrub based on pruning
Mock Orange Philadelphus lewisii 10 ft Medium Use native, single flowered varieties.
Does well in wet prairies. Suckering will
Nootka Rose Rosa nutkana 10 ft Medium
expand plant over time.
Does well in dry sites. Suckering will
Baldhip Rose Rosa gymnocarpa 3 ft Low
expand plant over time.
Oregon Crabapple Malus fusca 15 ft Medium Performs best with higher moisture.
Evergreen Huckle-
Vaccinium ovatum 5-10 ft Medium Host for spotted wing drosophila
berry
Red Huckleberry Vaccinium parviflorum 5-10 ft Medium Does well in shade.
Pacific Ninebark Physocarpus capitatus 8 ft Medium Fair establishment from cuttings.
Frangula (Rhamnus)
Buckthorn 15 ft Low Southwest Oregon
californica
Southwest Oregon. Evergreen. Pruning
Deerbrush Ceanothus integerrimus 13 ft Low
ok so long as maintain live branch tips.
Slow-growing. Pruning ok so long as
Redstem Ceanothus Ceanothus sanguineus 10 ft Medium
maintain live branch tips.
Salal Gaultheria shallon 6 ft Low Evergreen. Occurs north of SW Oregon
Suckering will expand plant over time.
Snowberry Symphoricarpos albus 4 ft Low
Fair to good establishment from cuttings.

June 17, 2013 9

 Appendix: Seed Mixes, Plant Lists and Sources, and References

Recommended Native Hedgerow Plants for Pollinators (Continued)

Mid Season Blooming Species
Slow-growing. Evergreen. Pruning ok so
Buckbrush Ceanothus cuneatus 8 ft Low
long as maintain live branch tips.
Blue Elderberry Sambucus nigra 6-20ft Medium Good establishment from cuttings.
Douglas Spirea Spirea douglasii 6 ft Medium Suckering will expand plant over time.
Mid to Late Season Blooming Species
Ocean Spray Holodiscus discolor 12 ft Medium
Late Season Blooming Species
Dioecious. Plant male plants to provide
Coyotebrush Baccharis pilularis 10 ft Low
critical pollen source. Evergreen.
A tall growing herbaceous perennial for
Hall’s Aster Symphyotrichum hallii 3 ft Medium the Willamette Valley; incorporates well
in hedgerow edges
Symphyotrichum subspi- A tall growing herbaceous perennial;
Douglas Aster 4 ft Medium
catum incorporates well in hedgerow edges
Canada Goldenrod Solidago canadensis 3 ft Medium
Western Goldentop Euthemia occidentalis 3 ft High Does best along streams and ditches
Chrysothamnus
Grey Rabbitbrush 4 ft Low Southwest Oregon
(‘Ericameria’) nauseosa

Recommended Non-Native Hedgerow Plants for Pollinators

MATURE WATER
COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME NOTES
HEIGHT REQUIREMENTS
Early to Mid Season Blooming Species
Rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis 4 ft Low
Redbud Cercis spp. 15 ft Medium
California Wild Lilac Ceanothus spp. 10 ft Low Slow-growing
Highbush Blueberry Vaccinium corybosum 6 ft Medium Host for spotted wing drosophila
Mid to Late Season Blooming Species
English Lavender Lavendula angustifolia 4 ft Medium
Basswood Tilia spp. 40+ ft Medium Very tall at maturity
Hyssop Hyssopus officinalis 2 ft Low
Tough herbaceous perennial, very
drought tolerant, grows to the size of a
Russian Sage Perovskia atriplicifolia 6 ft Low
small shrub in summer, dies back to the
ground in winter
Late Season Blooming Species
The only annual on this list. Sunflower
Sunflower Helianthus anuus 7 ft Medium
will frequently reseed well.

10 Hedgerow Planting (422) for Pollinators Specifications: Western Oregon & Washington
 Appendix: Seed Mixes, Plant Lists and Sources, and References

Regional Native Plant Nurseries

Inclusion on this list does not constitute an endorsement or a recommendation. Other vendors not listed below may also have suitable
plant materials. Before ordering, ensure that all plants or seeds purchased for pollinator habitat have NOT been treated with systemic
insecticides.

Althouse Nursery ● Cave Junction, OR ● 541-592-2395 ● Heritage Seedlings ● Salem, OR ● 503-585-9835 ●

www.althousenursery.com www.heritageseedlings.com

Beaverlake Nursery ● Beavercreek, OR ● 503-632-4787 ● Native Grounds Nursery ● Brownsville, OR ● 541-466-3561 ●

www.beaverlakenursery.com www.nativegroundsnursery.com

Bosky Dell Natives ● West Linn, OR ● 503-638-5945 ● Oak Point Nursery ● Independence, OR ● 503-508-9555 ●
www.boskydellnatives.com www.oakpointnursery.com

Champoeg Nursery ● Aurora, OR ● 503-678-6348 ● Plantas Nativa ● Bellingham, WA ● 360-715-9655 ●

www.champoegnursery.com www.plantasnativa.com

Clearwater Native Plant Nursery ● Redmond, OR ● 541-350- Seven Oaks Native Nursery ● Albany, OR ● 541-738-2607 ●
5261 ● www.clearwaternatives.com www.sevenoaksnativenursery.com

Derby Canyon Natives ● Peshastin, WA ● 509-548-9404 ● Sound Native Plants ●Olympia, WA ● 360-352-4122 ●
www.derbycanyonnatives.com www.soundnativeplants.com

Forest Farm ● Williams, OR ● 541-846-7269 ● Storm Lake Growers ● Monroe, WA ● 360-794-4842 ●

www.forestfarm.com www.slgrowers.com

Fourth Corner Nurseries ● Bellingham, WA ● 360-592-2250 ● Woodbrook Native Plant Nursery ● Gig Harbor, WA ● 253-857-
www.fourthcornernurseries.com 6808 ● www.woodbrooknativeplantnursery.com

References
Plants for Pollinators in Oregon (USDA-NRCS: technical note) Soil Solarization: A Nonpesticidal Method for Controlling Dis-
This Oregon NRCS Technical Note describes the biology and habi- eases, Nematodes, and Weeds
tat needs of native bees and other beneficial insects. An extensive This fact sheet, produced by the University of California Coopera-
and detailed list of plant species is included on pages 15 to 20. tive Extension discusses the solarization process, including plastic
http://plants.usda.gov/pollinators/ selection, installation, removal, and underlying principles.
Plants_for_Pollinators_in_Oregon_PM%2013.pdf www.vric.ucdavis.edu/pdf/soil_solarization.pdf

Conservation Buffers (US Forest Service Technical Guide) Attracting Native Pollinators: Protecting North America’s Bees
Design guidelines for buffers, corridors, and greenways. Includesand Butterflies
extensive information on hedgerows and windbreaks. This comprehensive book on pollinator conservation includes infor-
www.unl.edu/nac/bufferguidelines/docs/conservation_buffers.pdf mation about pollinator ecology, guides for identifying common
bees, and habitat designs for multiple landscapes.
Windbreaks Designed with Pollinators in Mind (Inside Agrofor- www.xerces.org/announcing-the-publication-of-attracting-native-
estry) An overview of multi-purpose windbreaks designed with pollinators/
pollinator-friendly trees and shrubs.
www.unl.edu/nac/insideagroforestry/vol20issue1.pdf Pollinator Conservation Resource Center
For additional information on pollinator plant lists, conservation
Pacific Northwest Weed Management Handbook. guides, pesticide protection and more.
For more information on weed management and control of specific www.xerces.org/pollinator-resource-center
weed species, Oregon, Washington, and Idaho land grant universi-
ties have compiled information into this on-line resource.
http://pnwhandbooks.org/weed/

June 17, 2013 11

Aerial Sketch of Farm Conservation Plan:

Notes:

12
Notes:

13
Notes:

14 Last Modified: July 2, 2015

Hedgerow Planting (422) for Pollinators: Western Oregon & Washington
Implementation Requirements
Client: Planned By: Date:

Location: Farm/Tract: County:

Client Conservation Objectives:

Purpose
This Implementation Requirement form documents the process of establishing dense vegetation in a linear design to en-
hance pollen, nectar, and nesting habitat for pollinators. Other natural resources also may benefit, depending on your con-
servation objectives and the integration of this habitat with other conservation practices. Installation shall be in accordance
with these requirements and any attached drawings. No changes are to be made without prior approval from the tech-
nical specialist who approved the installation plan.
For detailed instructions on filling out each step in this Implementation Requirements form, please see the Hedgerow Plant-
ing (422) for Pollinators Specifications: Western Oregon and Washington.

Key Site Characteristics

Risk of pesticide drift on site? Low to high Very low to none
Weeds: weed pressure, and primary weed species of concern:

Site history: historic and current plant cover, past use of land, pre-emergent herbicide use, compaction, etc.:

Soils and habitat: soil texture (coarse to fine), drainage, and moisture level:

Irrigation: availability and method (necessary if transplants are to be used):

Other concerns or conservation goals that may affect plant choice or site preparation and planting:

Plant Selection: Native Flowering Shrubs and Subshrubs

Fill in at least three species for each bloom period. See the Appendix in the Installation Guide for list of species
Early Blooming Species Early to Mid Blooming Species Mid to Late Blooming Species

Hedgerow Planting (422) for Pollinators Implementation Requirements: Western Oregon & Washington
Note: Hedgerows can also include herbaceous wildflowers as an understory feature, or as linear strip plantings running
alongside the row of shrubs. For suggested wildflowers, see the Conservation Cover (327) for Pollinators Installation
Guide and Job Sheet: Western Oregon & Washington

Note herbaceous species being established here:

Site Preparation Method

Choose an option and note any adjustments.
Mowing Herbicide Solarization

Adjustments:

Planting Method
See Hedgerow Planting (422) for Pollinators Installation Guide: Western Oregon & Washington

Adjustments:

Maintenance During Establishment

Choose all options that apply and note any adjustments.
Spot spraying weeds with herbicide Mowing / string-trimming
Grass specific or other selective herbicide Hand weeding and/or hoeing
Managing irrigation Other:__________________
Adjustments:

Long Term Site Operations and Maintenance

Control herbivores as needed, but remove plant guards or other materials that could impede plant growth as soon as possi-
ble after establishment. In most cases, irrigation of transplants is no longer required by the end of the second growing sea-
son after planting. Maintain the long-term plant diversity of pollinator habitat by re-planting or re-seeding as necessary.

Finally, after establishment, no more than 30% of the habitat area should be mowed, grazed, or burned in any one year to
ensure sufficient undisturbed refuge areas for pollinators and other wildlife. Continue to protect habitat from pesticide ap-
plications and drift (especially insecticides and bee-toxic fungicides). Herbicide spot-treatments and hand weeding may be
used to control noxious or invasive plants.

Check Out and Certification Requirements

Amount completed: _____________units. Mark as-built location on plan map and attach photos.

Remarks____________________________________________________________________

This practice meets NRCS standards and specifications: □ Yes □ No

Check out completed by: ____________________________________ Date: ______________

Certified by:______________________________________________ Date:_______________

June 17, 013