1. Write the component continuity equations describing the CSTR of example 2.
3 with :
a. Simultaneous reactions (first-order, isothermal)
K1 K2
A B A C
b. Reversible (first-order, isothermal)
K1
A B
K2
Penyelesaian :
F0, ρ0,
CA0, CB0
F, ρ,
V, ρ, CA, CB
CA, CB
a. Untuk reaksi simultan
- General component continuity equation
flow of moles flow of moles rate of formation rate of change
of jth of jth of mole of mole
[ ]−[ ]+[ ]=[ ]
component component of jth component of jth component
into system out of system from chemical reaction inside system
Component j into system : Fo.Cj0
Component j out system : F.Cj
Rate of formation by reaction : A = - k1.V.CA – k2.V.CA
B = k1.V.CA
C = k2..V.CA
d(Cj. V)
Rate of change inside system : dt
- Continuity for each component
d(CA. V)
A Fo.CA0 - F.CA + (- k1.V.CA – k2.V.CA) = dt
d(CB. V)
B Fo.CB0 - F.CB + k1.V.CA = dt
d(CC. V)
C Fo.CC0 - F.CC + k2.V.CA = dt
b. Untuk reaksi reversibel
- General component continuity equation
flow of moles flow of moles rate of formation rate of change
of j of j of mole of mole
[ ]−[ ]+[ ]=[ ]
component component of j component of j component
into system out of system from chemical reaction inside system
Component j into system : Fo.Cj0
Component j out system : F.Cj
Rate of formation by reaction : A = - k1.V.CA + k2.V.CB
B = k1.V.CA - k2.V.CB
d(Cj. V)
Rate of change inside system : dt
- Continuity for each component
d(CA. V)
A Fo.CA0 - F.CA + (- k1.V.CA + k2.V.CB) = dt
d(CB. V)
B Fo.CB0 - F.CB + (k1.V.CA - k2.V.CB) = dt
2. Write the component continuity equations for a tubular reactor as in example 2.5 with
consecutive reactions occurring:
K1 K2
A B C
Penyelesaian :
dz
CA0(t) v(t,z) CAL(t)
z=0 z z+dz z=L
- General component continuity equation
molar flow of j
molar flow of j rate of formation time rate of
leaving system of j
[ into boundary ] − [ ]+[ ] = [ change of j ]
at boundary inside system inside system
at z
z + dz
∂Cj
Enter boundary z : A.v.Cj + (A.-Dj )
∂z
∂ ∂Cj ∂ ∂Cj
Out of boundary z+dz : A.v.Cj +[∂z (A. v. Cj )] 𝑑𝑧-(A.Dj )- [∂z (A. Dj ) ]dz
∂z ∂z
Rate of formation inside system : A = -k1.CA.A.dz
B = k1.CA.A.dz- k2.CB.A.dz
C = k2.CB.A.dz
∂
Time rate of change inside system : (A. Cj. dz )
∂t
- Continuity for each component
∂ ∂ ∂CA ∂
A− (A. v. CA )dz + (A. DA )dz - k1.CA.A.dz = (A. CA . dz )
∂z ∂z ∂z ∂t
∂ ∂ ∂CB ∂
B − ∂z (A. v. CB )dz + ∂z (A. DB )dz + k1.CA.A.dz- k2.CB.A.dz = ∂t (A. CB . dz )
∂z
∂ ∂ ∂CC ∂
C − ∂z (A. v. CC )dz + ∂z (A. DC )dz + k2.CB.A.dz = ∂t (A. CC . dz )
∂z
After dividing by A.dz, equations above become
∂ ∂ ∂CA ∂
A − ∂z (v. CA ) + ∂z (DA ) - k1.CA = ∂t (CA )
∂z
∂ ∂ ∂CB ∂
B − ∂z (v. CB ) + ∂z (DB ) + k1.CA - k2.CB = ∂t (CB )
∂z
∂ ∂ ∂CC ∂
C− (v. CC ) + (DC ) + k2.CB = (CC )
∂z ∂z ∂z ∂t