60-415 ASSIGNMENT # 2 Solution (SQL DDL and PL/SQL)

Total: 8+5+(3+5+5)+6+6+6+6 = 50

1.
The EMP Table Structure Summary
EMP_NUM CHAR(3) (Must be a
number between 1 and
1000) (Primary Key)
EMP_LNAME VARCHAR2(15)
EMP_FNAME VARCHAR2(15)
EMP_INITIAL CHAR(1) (Must be a
char between ‘A’ and
‘Z’
EMP_HIREDATE DATE (NOT NULL)
JOB_CODE VARCHAR2(10)
(Foreign key to Job)

The JOB Table Structure Summary

JOB_ID VARCHAR2(10) (Primary key)
JOB_TITLE VARCHAR2(15) (NOT NULL)
MIN_SALARY NUMBER(6)
MAX_SALARY NUMBER(6)

Given this information, write a script called a2q1.sql to answer the following
questions:

a. Write the SQL code that will create the table structures for Emp and Job .
CREATE TABLE emp(
emp_num CHAR(3) PRIMARY KEY,
emp_lname VARCHAR2(15),
emp_fname VARCHAR2(15),
emp_initial CHAR(1),
emp_hiredate DATE NOT NULL,
job_code VARCHAR2(10),
constraint check_emp_num
CHECK (emp_num between 1 and 1000),
constraint check_emp_initial
CHECK (emp_initial BETWEEN ‘A’ and ‘Z’)
constraint foreign_key_job
foreign key (job_code) references job(job_id)
);

CREATE TABLE job(

job_id varchar2(10) PRIMARY KEY,
job_title varchar2(15) NOT NULL,
min_salary NUMBER(6),
max_salary NUMBER(6)
);
 b. Write the SQL statement to add a column STARS(VARCHAR2(5) to the
table JOB that has a default value of 1 *.

alter table job add stars varchar2(5) default '*';

c. Write a SELECT statement to display the constraints you created.

select constraint_type, constraint_type

from user_constraints
where table_name = &my_table_name;

(You can substitute my_table_name for JOB and EMP . Remember to give the
table names in CAPITAL letters).

d. solution left to the reader !!

2. Build a PL/SQL block that computes the total compensation for one year.

a. The annual salary and the annual bonus percentage values are
defined using the DEFINE command.
b. Pass the values defined in the above step to the PL/SQL block
through SQL*Plus substitution variables . The bonus must be
converted from a whole number to a decimal (For example from 15
to .15) . If the salary is null, set it to zero before computing the total
compensation. Execute the PL/SQL block. Reminder : Use the NVL
function to handle NULL values .

SET VERIFY OFF

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON

PROMPT ----Assignment 2 Question 2 ----

DEFINE p_salary = 50000

DEFINE p_bonus = 10

DECLARE
v_salary NUMBER := &p_salary;
v_bonus NUMBER := &p_bonus;
v_total NUMBER;

BEGIN
/* NVL function takes 2 arguments a and b - sets the value to b if a is NULL*/

v_total := NVL(v_salary, 0) * (1 + NVL(v_bonus, 0) / 100);

dbms_output.put_line('The total compensation for one year is '||v_total);

END;
/
 3. a. Create a PL/SQL block that selects the maximum department number in
the DEPARTMENTS table and stores it in an SQL*Plus variable.

PROMPT -----Assignment 2 Question 3a -------

VARIABLE g_max_deptno NUMBER

DECLARE

v_max_deptno NUMBER;

BEGIN

SELECT max(department_id)
INTO v_max_deptno
FROM departments;

:g_max_deptno := v_max_deptno;

END;
/
PRINT g_max_deptno

b. Modife the PL/SQL block created in 4.a. that inserts a new department into
the DEPARTMENT table.

i. use the DEFINE command to provide the department

name. Name the new department Education.

ii. Pass the value defined for the department name to

the PL/SQL block through a SQL*Plus substitution
variable. Rather than printing the department number
retrieved from 4.a. , add 10 to it and use it as the
department number and the new department.

iii. Leave the location number as null for now.

iv. Execute the PL/SQL block

v. Display the new department that u created (at the

SQL prompt) .
PROMPT ------Assignment 2 Question 3b -----

DEFINE p_dname = Education

DECLARE

v_max_deptno departments.department_id%TYPE;
BEGIN

SELECT MAX(department_id) + 10
INTO v_max_deptno
FROM departments;

INSERT INTO departments

(department_id, department_name, location_id)
VALUES (v_max_deptno, '&p_dname', NULL);

COMMIT;
END;

/
SELECT *
FROM departments
WHERE department_name=’&p_dname’;
 b. Create a PL/SQL block that deletes the department that you
created in 3.a and b.

i. Use the DEFINE command to provide the department

ID(DEFINE p_deptno=280)
ii. Pass the value to the PL/SQL through a SQL*Plus
substitution variable.
iii. Print to the screen the number of rows affected.

PROMPT --Assignment 2 Question 4c ---

DEFINE p_deptno = 280

DECLARE

v_result NUMBER(2);
BEGIN

DELETE
FROM departments
WHERE department_id = &p_deptno;

v_result := SQL%ROWCOUNT;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(TO_CHAR(v_result) ||' row(s) deleted ');

COMMIT;
END;
/
4. Use 3 substitution variables to store an employee number, the new
department number and the percentage increase in the salary and Create a
temporary table called emp which is a replica of table EMPLOYEES using the
following commands :

DROP TABLE emp;

CREATE TABLE emp AS SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES;

DEFINE P_EMPNO = 100

DEFINE P_NEW_DEPTNO = 20
DEFINE P_PER_INCREASE = 2

Update the department ID of the employee with the new department number, and
update the salary with the new salary. Use the EMP table for the updates. After
the update is complete, display the message, “Update complete” in the window. If
no matching records are found, display “No Data Found.”

DROP TABLE emp;

CREATE TABLE emp AS SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES;

DEFINE p_empno = 100

DEFINE p_new_deptno = 20
DEFINE p_per_increase = 2

PROMPT ----Assignment 2 Question 4-----

BEGIN

UPDATE emp
SET department_id = &p_new_deptno,
salary = salary + salary * 0.01 * &p_per_increase

WHERE employee_id = &p_empno;

IF SQL%FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('UPDATE COMPLETE');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('NO DATA FOUND');
END IF;

COMMIT;
END;
/
5. Create a PL/SQL block to declare a cursor EMP_CUR to select the employee
name, salary, and hire date from the employees table. Process each row from
the cursor, and if the salary is greater than 15,000 and the hire date is greater
than 01-FEB-1988, display the employee name, salary, and hire date in the
window in the format shown in the sample output below:
.

PROMPT ---- Assignment 2 Question 5 ----

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
DECLARE
CURSOR EMP_CUR IS
SELECT last_name,salary,hire_date FROM EMPLOYEES;
ENAME VARCHAR2(25);
SAL NUMBER(7,2);
HIREDATE DATE;
BEGIN
OPEN EMP_CUR;
FETCH EMP_CUR INTO ENAME, SAL, HIREDATE;
WHILE EMP_CUR%FOUND
LOOP
IF SAL > 15000 AND HIREDATE >= TO_DATE('01-FEB-1988','DD-
MON-YYYY') THEN

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (ENAME || ' earns ' ||

TO_CHAR(SAL)|| ' and joined the organization on ' ||
TO_DATE(HIREDATE, 'DD_MON_YYYY'));

END IF;
FETCH EMP_CUR INTO ENAME,SAL,HIREDATE;
END LOOP;
CLOSE EMP_CUR;
END;
/
6. a. Create a PL/SQL block that declares a cursor called DATE_CUR. Pass a
parameter of DATE data type to the cursor and print the details of all the
employees who have joined after that date.

DEFINE P_HIREDATE = 08-MAR-00

b. Test the PL/SQL block for the following hire dates:

08-MAR-00, 25-JUN-97, 28-SEP-98, 07-FEB-99.

PROMPT ----Assignment 2 Question 6----

DECLARE
CURSOR DATE_CURSOR(JOIN_DATE DATE) IS
SELECT employee_id,last_name,hire_date FROM employees
WHERE HIRE_DATE >JOIN_DATE ;
EMPNO employees.employee_id%TYPE;
ENAME employees.last_name%TYPE;
HIREDATE employees.hire_date%TYPE;
HDATE employees.hire_date%TYPE := '&P_HIREDATE';
BEGIN
OPEN DATE_CURSOR(HDATE);
LOOP
FETCH DATE_CURSOR INTO EMPNO,ENAME,HIREDATE;
EXIT WHEN DATE_CURSOR%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE (EMPNO || ' ' || ENAME || ' ' || HIREDATE);
END LOOP;
END;
/
7. In a loop, use a cursor to retrieve the department number and the department
name from the DEPARTMENTS table for those departments whose
DEPARTMENT_ID is less than 100. Pass the department number to another
cursor to retrieve from the EMPLOYEES table the details of emplyee last name,
job, hire date, and salary of those employees whose EMPLOYEE_ID is less than
120 and who work in that department.

PROMPT ----Assignment 2 Question 7----

DECLARE
CURSOR dept_cursor IS
SELECT department_id, department_name
FROM departments
WHERE department_id < 100
ORDER BY department_id;

CURSOR emp_cursor(v_deptno NUMBER) IS

SELECT last_name, job_id, hire_date, salary
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = v_deptno
AND employee_id < 120;

v_current_deptno departments.department_id%TYPE;
v_current_dname departments.department_name%TYPE;
v_ename employees.last_name%TYPE;
v_job employees.job_id%TYPE;
v_hiredate employees.hire_date%TYPE;
v_sal employees.salary%TYPE;
v_line varchar2(100);

BEGIN

OPEN dept_cursor;

LOOP
FETCH dept_cursor INTO v_current_deptno, v_current_dname;
EXIT WHEN dept_cursor%NOTFOUND;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department Number : '||

v_current_deptno ||
'Department Name : ' ||
v_current_dname);

IF emp_cursor%ISOPEN THEN
CLOSE emp_cursor;
 END IF;

OPEN emp_cursor(v_current_deptno);
LOOP

FETCH emp_cursor INTO v_ename, v_job, v_hiredate, v_sal;

EXIT WHEN emp_cursor%NOTFOUND;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE( v_ename ||
' ' ||
v_job ||
' ' ||
v_hiredate||
' ' ||
v_sal);
END LOOP;

IF emp_cursor%ISOPEN THEN
CLOSE emp_cursor;
END IF;

END LOOP;

IF emp_cursor%ISOPEN THEN
CLOSE emp_cursor;
END IF;

CLOSE dept_cursor;
END;
/