x w a t e r m a r k

x w a t e r m a r k
x w a t e r m a r k
x w a t e r m a r k
x w a t e r m a r k
The xwatermark PackageI
Version 1.5.2a

A dynamic watermarking scheme for LATEX

Ahmed Musa 
The University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK

29th January 2012

Abstract

The xwatermark package puts user-supplied watermarks (graphics and/or arbitrary texts) on se-
lect pages of documents using user-friendly key-value interfaces. It has more functionality and dy-
namism than, for example, the packages draftcopy, draftwatermark, watermark, draftmark,
wallpaper. More than one (graphics and/or text) watermark can be placed jointly or independ-
ently on the same document page or on select pages. Watermarks can be placed in the page
background or foreground, and watermarks can conveniently be placed on select pages as rectan-
gular or square tiles, depending on the user’s choice. Some utility macros, namely, \xwmminipage,
\xwmcolorbox, \makecolobox and \fancypagenos are also provided by the package for handy
use in creating watermarks and for other uses. Watermarks (especially wallpapers) take their toll
on computer resources, especially speed and save stack size. The packages in the xwatermark
bundle (and beyond) have been optimized as much as currently possible. In many instances
more than one run of the document will be needed to get the watermarks on the desired pages,
especially if the user calls \lastdocpage to get the last page of the document.

I The package is available at http://mirror.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/xwatermark/.

The xwatermark package 29th January 2012

• License •
This work (i. e., all the files in the xwatermark manifest) may be distributed and/or modified under
the conditions of the LATEX Project Public License (LPPL), either version 1.3 of this license or any
later version. The LPPL maintenance status of this software is ‘author-maintained’. This software
is provided ‘as it is’, without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not
limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
c MMXII

Contents

1 Introduction 2 6.6 Breaking the watermark into lines 12

6.7 The alignment of the watermark . 12
2 User interfaces 3 6.8 Locating the page center . . . . . . 12
2.1 Loading the package . . . . . . . . 3 6.9 The last page of the document . . 13
6.10 Active characters . . . . . . . . . . 13
3 The \newwatermark macro 5
3.1 Options without values . . . . . . . 6 7 Macros for creating boxes 13
3.2 Emptying the watermarks of some 7.1 The \xwmminipage macro . . . . . 14
pages or objects . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7.2 The \xwmcolorbox macro . . . . . 14
3.3 Printing both picture and text wa- 7.3 The \makecolorbox macro . . . . . 14
termarks on same page . . . . . . . 7
3.4 The usefulness of the white color . 7 8 The \fancypagenos macro 15
3.5 Dummy watermarks . . . . . . . . 7
9 xwatermark and geometry package 15
4 Wallpapers 8
4.1 The \newwallpaper macro . . . . . 8 10 Support for unicode and utf encod-
ings 16
5 Graphics watermarks 8
11 Repeated graphics in a document 16
5.1 Passing key values to
\includegraphics directly . . . . 9
12 Further examples of use of
5.2 The graphics input paths . . . . . 10
xwatermark package 17
6 Other aspects of package architec- 13 Package options and macro keys 17
ture and use 10 13.1 Global options . . . . . . . . . . . 17
6.1 \documentclass options . . . . . . 10 13.2 Local options . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
6.2 The size of the watermark . . . . . 11
6.3 The coordinates of the watermark 11 14 Version history 23
6.4 Wrong location of the watermark . 11
6.5 Wrong size of the watermark . . . 11 Index 25

1 Introduction
puts user-specified watermarks (graphics and/or arbitrary texts) on
T selectxwatermark
HE PACKAGE
pages of documents. It has more functionality and dynamism than, for example, the
packages draftcopy, draftwatermark, watermark, draftmark and wallpaper packages. The
advantages of xwatermark package over these earlier packages include:
a) Both text and graphics watermarks are admissible within any watermark item or instance.
b) The user can dynamically customize the attributes (color, position, orientation, scale, the
page(s)—first page, last page, all pages, odd pages, even pages, a particular page, and a

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range of pages—on which the watermark should appear) of each watermark.

c) Watermarks can be placed in the background and in the foreground of document pages by
simple instructions.
d) Rectangular and square wallpapers can be produced from watermarks to suit user needs
without effort.
e) All the command options/keys are passed directly via user-friendly key-value interfaces, in-
stead of being defined in the source file by several macros. There are only two main user
commands: \newwatermark and \newwallpaper. The user is relieved of the need to remem-
ber and deploy several different macros, except, of course, that function keys are used. The
list of keys and their default values for these functions are given in section 13.
With the xcolor package (not loaded automatically by the xwatermark package), all colors (in-
cluding white, shades like -red!75!green!50, and those defined within the user document) can
be passed to this package. And, as mentioned above, both texts and pictures can be submitted
and printed as watermarks on the same page, and on different positions.
There are global and local package options. These are listed and explained in section 13.
Users who have since complained of not being able to conveniently place more than one watermark
on the same page can now heave a sigh relieve: the current version of the package has enabled this
functionality. You can now mix text and graphics watermarks and wallpapers and place as many
of them as you like on the same page. This version of the package comes with optimized looping
macros and a key management system (the ltxkeys package) to enable several watermarks and
wallpapers to be placed efficiently on the same document pages. The ltxkeys package can be used
for general key parsing.

2 User interfaces

2.1 Loading the package

In style files the package may be loaded with \RequirePackage and in document files with
\usepackage together with the package keys that can be passed as options.

Note 2.1 Some of the keys are ‘option keys’, i. e., they can appear only in \documentclass or
\usepackage and not as, or in, arguments of other functions or macros. The ‘non-option keys’
are those that can’t appear in \documentclass or \usepackage but in the arguments of other
macros. If a key is a non-option key and the user submits it to \documentclass or \usepackage,
the package will alert the user. The same thing can be expected when a key is an option key and is
submitted outside of \documentclass or \usepackage. The ‘need value’ keys are keys that can’t
be called without a user-supplied value.
The package keys printwatermark and disablegeometry are option keys, and hence can be called
as follows:
Package loading
1 \RequirePackage[printwatermark,disablegeometry]{xwatermark}
2 \usepackage[printwatermark,disablegeometry]{xwatermark}

The other options may be submitted via user commands like \newwatermark and \newwallpaper.
Please see Tables 1 and 2 for a full listing of all the available package and command options. By
design, the boolean option printwatermark should not appear in the macros \newwatermark
and \newwallpaper but as a package or \documentclass option. It is disabled just before
\begin{document} and any attempt to pass it via \newwatermark or \newwallpaper thereafter
will trigger an error.

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When boolean options (e. g., printwatermark and allpages) are passed without values, they are
assumed implicitly true by the package.

Note 2.2 When your watermark is not printed, first check that the option printwatermark is
true. This is one of the means to control the printing of watermarks. The others are through the
following commands (more details are available in subsection 3.5):

\dummywatermark, \DiscardAllWatermarks, etc

3 \dummywatermark, \DiscardAllWatermarks, \UseDummyWatermarks,
4 \DiscardDummyWatermarks

The option textmark implies text watermarks, for which all the font properties can be selected.
It does not apply to graphics watermarks. For graphics watermarks you need the keys: picfile
(the graphics/picture filename, with its full path but without its extension), and picfileext (the
file extension). Admissible file extensions are ps, eps, pdf, png, mps and jpeg; they should be
submitted without the dot. The extensions ps and eps are for dvi files, while the rest are for pdf
runs. Additional information is needed (see section 5)H1 .
The following points should be noted about the values of the textmark:
a) The value of the textmark may be any arbitrary multi-line text, such as
Example: textmark
5 textmark=Hello world,\\[.25\baselineskip] We’re here.

b) The value of textmark may be arbitrary (blocks of) texts or even kernel or package com-
mands, but not filenames on their own (except when submitted as values of graphics keys).
The package has a user-friendly interface for inserting graphics watermarks and wallpapers,
which does not require the user to directly employ \includegraphics.
c) The textwidth and picwidth should be properly selected to match user’s taste and the
length of the textmark. It may be set to \paperwidth or \paperheight, or any arbitrary
length. Its default value is preset to \paperheight. Sometimes it might also be necessary
to suitably select the height, whose default value is \paperwidth.
d) If the longest line of a textmark is longer than \paperwidth and/or \paperheight (depend-
ing on the orientation of the textmark), then the fontsize and the textscale (or picscale)
options will have to be suitably chosen.
The boolean options firstpage, lastpage, allpages, firstpage, oddpages and evenpages,
which specify the pages that should receive watermarks, may be replaced by any of the options
page=x, pages=x-y, pagex={x,y,z}, where ‘x’, etc., stand for any page number. If you enter,
for example, pages=0-10, all pages from 1 to 10 will receive the watermark. On the other hand,
an entry like pages=10-0 will print watermark on page 10 only. If no page-specifying option is
given and printwatermark is true, watermark will appear only on the first page and a warning
message will be entered in the transcript file. When passing page=x or pages=x-y as option to
package, don’t forget to include the equality sign (=), otherwise the option will trigger an ‘unknown
option/key’ error. The key pages expects a page range with the pages separated by a hyphen,
while pagex expects a comma-separated list of pages. For obvious reasons, the value of the key
pagex must always be given in balanced curly braces.

H1 When the options align, height, width, angle, scale, xpos, ypos and color appear without prefixes such as

pic or text, they refer to the text watermark and not the graphics watermark. The user can thus use these
options in place of textalign, textheight, textwidth, textangle, textscale, textxpos, textypos and textcolor,
respectively. However, options referring to graphics watermarks must always be prefixed with pic (e. g., picfile).

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When specifying package options either in \usepackage or \documentclass (or indeed in the
macros \newwatermark, \newwallpaper, \xwmminipage, \xwmcolorbox and \fancypagenos), the
following points should be noted:
a) Multiple lines are permitted but not blank lines.
b) Extra paces between options and words are ignored.
c) Active characters (those of catcode 13) may be allowed (but see subsection 6.10 for further
comments).
d) Options are mostly order-agnostic, except graphicsoptions, whose values take precedence
over those supplied via other keys (see subsection 5.1).
The global boolean option printwatermark=true (or =false) should ideally be set when loading
the package, e. g.,

Package option: printwatermark

6 \usepackage[printwatermark]{xwatermark}

or in the \documentclass options list:

Package option: printwatermark

7 \documentclass[a4paper,12pt,printwatermark]{article}
8 \usepackage{xwatermark}.

The remaining options should ideally be set dynamically using the macro \newwatermark or
\newwallpaper. These other options can be set for each page, as on the pages of the accom-
panying example files.

3 The \newwatermark macro

The use syntax for the command \newwatermark is as follows

New macro: \newwatermark

9 \newwatermark[hkeyvali]{hmarki}
10 \newwatermark*’[hkeyvali]{hmarki}

where hkeyvali is the list of keys and their values (called the watermark attributes) and hmarki is
the text watermark. Graphics watermarks are to be specified with their file name, file extension,
etc. The full lists of the available keys for the macro \newwatermark and others are available in
section 13.
The starred (?) variant of \newwatermark puts the watermark in the foreground instead of the
background, and the prime (’) variant is ignored, i. e., no watermark is produced (see subsec-
tion 3.5).
The macro \newwatermark can be used as in

Example: \newwatermark
11 \newwatermark[pagex={2,5,7},fontfamily=bch,color=gray!25,angle=45,scale=3,
12 xpos=0,ypos=0]{DRAFT},

where the textmark has been enclosed in curly braces as the last argument of the macro. The
options (called the watermark attributes) are expected in square brackets. The textmark (which

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is ‘DRAFT’ in the above example) can also be given within square brackets, in which case the
curly braces will be empty:
Example: \newwatermark
13 \newwatermark*[page=10,fontfamily=bch,color=gray!25,angle=45,scale=3,xpos=0,
14 ypos=0,textmark=DRAFT]{}.

The option printwatermark may appear in only \usepackage or \documentclass options list,
since it is disabled at \begin{document}. However, the options firstpage, lastpage, allpages,
oddpages and evenpages, etc., which specify watermark pages, can and should appear in the
command \newwatermark. This implies that the instructions that specify watermark pages may
be issued and superseded dynamically (page by page or chapter by chapter). For small documents,
this feature may be unnecessary, but it will be useful in large documents (such as a report or book),
in which the watermark may change from chapter to chapter.
When you want the watermark on only one page of the document, you can conveniently use the
\newwatermark macro with the page option page=hnoi in the preamble of your document after
issuing
Examples: \usepackage, printwatermark
15 \usepackage[printwatermark]{xwatermark}

In this way, you don’t have to bother with locating in the source file the spot that corresponds to
the page on which you want the watermark to appear. In fact, you can collect all the watermarks
in the document preamble or in a configuration file with the command \newwatermark.

Note 3.1 Each call to \newwatermark must contain the page(s) that will receive the watermark(s),
otherwise the user will be alerted. The page specifiers are:

16 page=x pages=x-y pagex={x,y,z} firstpage

17 lastpage allpages oddpages evenpages

3.1 Options without values

If you follow an option key with an equality sign but without a value, as in, e. g.,
Example: \newwatermark
18 \newwatermark[firstpage,fontfamily=,color=gray!25,angle=45,scale=0.8,
19 xpos=0,ypos=0,textmark=]{},

then there will be no problem but the outcome may be unpredictable, depending on the key that
has no value. In the above example, no watermark will be printed (not even the default mark,
which is DRAFT) because empty textmark is valid and implies that no watermark should be printed.
The absence of fontfamily in ‘fontfamily=’ will compel (LA)TEX to use an arbitrary fontfamily
that isn’t the default (the default fontfamily is phv if the key fontfamily is not passed, and cmr
otherwise).

3.2 Emptying the watermarks of some pages or objects

If you issue any of the statements

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20 page=x pages=x-y pagex={x,y,z} firstpage

21 lastpage allpages=true evenpages=true oddpages=true

together with printwatermark=true but you don’t want the mark on any particular page, we
can simply set \newwatermark[other keys,textmark=]{} or, to the same effect, we may set
\newwatermark[other keys]{}, where ‘other keys’ may include the page specifiersH2 . These both
imply that the text watermark for the given page is empty. This can be useful when transiting from
one watermark type to another. Moreover, since both picture and text marks can be submitted
via one and the same command \newwatermark (see subsection 3.3), this technique may be used
to empty the text watermark for the given page or range of pages. For example,

Example: \newwatermark
22 \newwatermark[allpages,fontfamily=put,color=white,fontsize=3cm,scale=1,
23 picbb=112 619 242 751,picscale=3,picfile=./graphics/myfig,picfileext=eps,
24 width=\paperheight,align=center,angle=0,xpos=0,ypos=0]{}

will print only the picture watermark, since the textmark is empty here.

3.3 Printing both picture and text watermarks on same page

Both picture and text marks can be submitted and printed on the same page via one and the same
\newwatermark. For example,

Example: \newwatermark
25 \newwatermark[pages=1-2,fontfamily=put,color=white,fontsize=3cm,scale=1,
26 picbb=112 619 242 751,picscale=3,picfile={./graphics/myfig},
27 picfileext=eps,width=\paperheight,align=center,angle=0,xpos=0,
28 ypos=0]{Hello World}

However, both the picture and text marks will then share the same subset of the attributes (posi-
tion, angle, align, etc.). When text and graphics watermarks appear on the same page, the recom-
mended approach is to submit the two types of watermark by two separate calls to \newwatermark.

3.4 The usefulness of the white color

You can deploy the white color to great effect in designing text watermarks. Also, if you set
allpages=true or evenpages=true or oddpages=true together with printwatermark=true
but you don’t want the mark on any particular page, you can simply enter color=white in the
\newwatermark on that page. This applies only to text watermarks, as such a declaration has no
effect on picture watermarks. This may be convenient in circumstances where you may change your
mind as to whether to place a watermark on a particular page or not. In this way you don’t have to
set \newwatermark[other keys,textmark=]{} or remove (or comment out) the \newwatermark
command for that (or indeed any) page. See also subsection 3.5.

3.5 Dummy watermarks

When you don’t need a watermark printed, you can simply replace its \newwatermark with
\dummywatermark, instead of commenting out the entire watermark or using color=white. Both

H2 In the case of graphics watermarks, setting \newwatermark[other keys,picfile=]{} will prompt a ‘no file’ error.

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the macros \newwatermark and \dummywatermark have the same syntax and expect the same
number and types of arguments:

New macro: \dummywatermark

29 \dummywatermark[pages=12-13,fontfamily=phv,fontsize=11pt,fontseries=m,
30 align=center,height=\paperheight,width=\paperwidth,angle=90,scale=1,
31 xpos=0,ypos=-1
32 ]{Example}

And when you don’t want any of your watermarks printed, you could simply issue the option
printwatermark=false or call the command \DiscardAllWatermarks. These will simply turn
all instances of \newwatermark command into \dummywatermark. In any run, you may de-
cide to use some or all of the dummy watermarks. To use all dummy watermarks, you issue
the command \UseDummyWatermarks before the instances of \dummywatermark. To again dis-
regard all subsequent dummy watermarks, which is the default state, simply call the command
\DiscardDummyWatermarks. These commands provide a convenient scheme for deciding the wa-
termarks to be printed with minimal typing. For wallpapers, there is the corresponding command
\dummywallpaper. Also, putting a prime sign (’) on \newwatermark or \newwallpaper turns the
command into a dummy mark, but only for that single instance. Subsequent \newwatermark and
\newwallpaper without primes will produce watermarks and wallpapers, respectively.

4 Wallpapers

4.1 The \newwallpaper macro

The command \newwallpaper can be used to produce rectangular and square tiles on document
pages. The use syntax for the command \newwallpaper is

New macro: \newwallpaper

33 \newwallpaper[hkeyvali]{hmarki}
34 \newwallpaper*’[hkeyvali]{hmarki}

where hkeyvali is the list of keys and their values (called the attributes) and hmarki is the text
(and not graphics) watermark. Graphics watermarks are again to be specified with their file name,
file extension, etc. The full lists of the available keys for the macro \newwallpaper are available
in Table 2.
The starred (?) variant of \newwallpaper puts the watermark in the foreground instead of the
background, and the prime (’) variant is ignored, i. e., no wallpaper is produced (see subsection 3.5).
When you get unexpected tiles, you first should consider enabling or disabling the keys squaretiles
(default true) and/or boxalign (default center). The key boxalign may assume one of the values
in the set t-l, t-r, b-l, b-r, s or top-left, top-right, bottom-left, bottom-right, center,
justified.

5 Graphics watermarks
For graphics/picture watermarks, you need the picfile (the graphics filename, with its full path
but without its extension), picfileext (the picture filename extension without the dot), picbb
(the picture bounding box), and picscale (the picture scale)H3 . Admissible file extensions are

H3 These options have longer, easier to remember, names; see Table 2.

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eps, pdf, png and jpeg; the latter three, but not the first, may be used in the case of pdfTEX.
The file extension should be passed without the dot. If the file extension is not passed to package,
the package selects it automatically based on whether pdfTEX mode is running or not (normal
extensions are eps for dvi mode and pdf for pdfTEX mode). In fact, the package does search hard
on the given paths for other admissible file types with the base filename the user has specified. If
you have the graphics file in both eps and pdf-compatible formats, then you don’t have to bother
about submitting the file extension to the package: it will automatically select the appropriate file
extension, depending on the mode (pdf or dvi) in which it is running.

5.1 Passing key values to \includegraphics directly

The xwatermark package uses graphicx package’s \includegraphics to insert graphics water-
marks. Users can pass valid key values to the command \includegraphics directly via the macros
\newwatermark and \newwallpaper. The key to use for this purpose is graphicsoptions. The
following points should be noted in respect of the key graphicsoptions:
a) Values of the key graphicsoptions must always be enclosed in curly braces, since they are
expected to be more than one.
b) Only keys and values valid for the command \includegraphics may appear in the command
graphicsoptions. Valid keys for \includegraphics are
\includegraphics keys
35 bb, bbllx, bblly, hiresbb, viewport, trim, height, width, natheight,
36 natwidth, totalheight, angle, origin, keepaspectratio, scale, clip,
37 draft, type, ext, read, command

c) Key values submitted via graphicsoptions supersede those submitted outside it, even
if those outside graphicsoptions appear earlier than graphicsoptions in the command
\newwatermark or \newwallpaper.
d) Values submitted via graphicsoptions have only local effect, in the sense that they become
null and void outside of \newwatermark or \newwallpaper. If the user wants the key values
submitted via graphicsoptions to prevail for all subsequent watermarks and wallpapers,
then he should use the command \GraphicsOptions. Values passed via \GraphicsOptions
don’t only have global effect, but they always override those submitted via graphicsoptions.
It should be noted that \GraphicsOptions isn’t a key but a stand-alone command with the
following syntax:

New macro: \GraphicsOptions

38 \GraphicsOptions{hkeyvali}

where hkeyvali are admissible keys for the command \includegraphics and their user-supplied
values. The values so suggested by \GraphicsOptions override those given via the keys of the
xwatermark, including graphicsoptions. Such values remain in force until they are changed later
by another call to \GraphicsOptions.
An example follows:

Example: graphicsoptions
39 \newwallpaper[%
40 page=10,picangle=45,tilexoffset=0pt,tileyoffset=0pt,picontoptext=false,
41 boxalign=top-left,picbb=116 428 477 718,picscale=2,picfile=tabu-test1,
42 tileno=4,picfileext=pdf,graphicsoptions={clip,keepaspectratio,hiresbb}
43 ]{mypicture}

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44 % or globally as
45 \GraphicsOptions{clip=true,keepaspectratio,hiresbb}

The commands \DeclareGraphicsExtensions and \DeclareGraphicsRule of the graphics pack-

age can still be invoked before setting graphics watermarks.

5.2 The graphics input paths

Users can suggest the possible locations of the graphics watermarks to the package by using the
command \watermarkpaths, whose syntaxes are

New macro: \watermarkpaths

46 \watermarkpaths[hprei](hposti){{path-1}{path-2}...{path-n}}
47 \watermarkpaths?[hprei](hposti){path-1,path-2,...,path-n}

Here, hprei and hposti are optional arguments that apply to all the given paths. Caution should
be exercised when using these optional arguments, since when used incorrectly they can yield the
wrong path (see the example below). In the unstarred variant all the paths must be provided in
surrounding curly braces and must have no commas, otherwise the package will raise an error. The
starred (?) variant expects paths to be separated by commas. The package works hard to find your
watermark on the suggested path.

Examples: \watermarkpaths
48 \watermarkpaths{{./}{./graphics/}{./graphics/recentfiles/}}
49 \watermarkpaths?{./,./graphics/,./graphics/recentfiles/}
50 \watermarkpaths(/){{.}{./graphics}{./graphics/recentfiles}}
51 \watermarkpaths?(/){.,./graphics,./graphics/recentfiles}
52 % Note the empty balanced braces below. Without them, the first entry
53 % (which is supposed to be {./}) will be wrong:
54 \watermarkpaths[.](/){{}{/graphics}{/graphics/recentfiles}}
55 \watermarkpaths?[.](/){{},/graphics,/graphics/recentfiles}

By default, the packages works hard to preserve outer curly braces, unless and until they are
required to be removed.
The command \watermarkpaths inherits the current contents of LATEX’s \input@path command
and graphics package’s \Ginput@path (the latter takes argument from \graphicspath).

6 Other aspects of package architecture and use

6.1 \documentclass options

The package is set to inherit the \documentclass options, if the options apply to the package.
Therefore, some of the package options can be passed to the package via the \documentclass
options list. This is perhaps most appropriate in the case of the option printwatermark. How-
ever, package options supersede those passed via the \documentclass. For example, the option
printwatermark=true in the \documentclass options list can normally be superseded by the
option printwatermark=false in loading the xwatermark package, e. g., as in

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Example: package loading

56 \usepackage[printwatermark=false]{xwatermark},

and vice versa. It should, however, be noted that some package options and keys are restricted
either to the \documentclass and \usepackage (this applies to the so-called ‘option keys’) or to
the various user macros (in the case of ‘non-option keys’). Normally, the package will alert the
user to the wrong call of any of the options and keys.
If you don’t need the watermark on any page of your document, simply replace the option
printwatermark (=true) with printwatermark=false in \usepackage or \documentclass. If
you have specified printwatermark (=true) in the \documentclass options list but you still
don’t need the watermark on any page of your document, then you would have to use the tools of
subsection 3.5.

6.2 The size of the watermark

In the case of text watermarks, the size of the watermark is controlled by three parameters, namely,
fontsize, fontseries and scale. All can be set dynamically. Their default values are 5cm, b
and 1, respectively. For picture watermarks, the size is determined by picscale.

6.3 The coordinates of the watermark

The watermark coordinates (specified by xpos and ypos) have their origin at the center of the page
and are with respect to the geometric center of the watermark. The default unit is millimeter,
but this can be changed on any page by changing the value of coordunit. For example,

Examples: \newwatermark, coordunit

57 \newwatermark[other attributes,coordunit=unit of length]{}.

Acceptable units of length include mm (millimeter), cm (centimeter), in (inch), pt (point), bp (big

point), dd (didot), ex (height of small x), pc (pica), cc (cicero), and em (width of capital M).

6.4 Wrong location of the watermark

If you discover that the watermark is wrongly positioned on the page(s) of your document, as some
users have had course to complain, the chances are that you have submitted wrong coordinates
(values of xpos and ypos) to the package or the watermark’s width (textwidth or picwidth) is
not optimal or both reasons. The package does not take responsibility for this and will normally
not warn you in this respect. Since the output file provides a direct and simple indication of the
occurrence of the anomaly, no attempt has been made in the package to warn users in this regard.
If you do not specify the keys xpos and/or ypos at all in the call to \newwatermark, their default
values will be used by the package. Also, if you list these keys without their values in the call to
\newwatermark, their default values (xpos=0 and ypos=0, which yield the center of paper) will be
assumed by the package. The default value of the watermark’s width is \paperheight, and not
\paperwidth as might be expected.
When the geometry package is loaded together with the xwatermark package, page layout scale
changes by the geometry package may result in the watermarks being positioned slightly away
from the intended position. See section 9 for further details.

6.5 Wrong size of the watermark

When you discover that your text or graphics watermark is not of the size you expect, then you

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should check the global and local scale and width of the watermark. It is most likely that the chosen
combination is wrong or inconsistent. Global and local package options are described in section 13.
For example, choosing scale=0.7 and width=\paperwidth may yield something unexpected. So
will mixing inconsistent global and local scales or width, or both.

6.6 Breaking the watermark into lines

It is possible to break text watermarks into lines, as in the following examples:

Example
58 \newwatermark[evenpages,fontfamily=ptm,angle=45,scale=.7,
59 align=center,color=green,xpos=0,ypos=0]{Directorate\\[.25ex]Only}

60 \newwatermark[allpages,fontfamily=ptm,angle=45,scale=.8,align=left,
61 color=green,xpos=0,ypos=0]{Control\\[.25ex]Version}.

More complex examples are available in the example source and pdf files that shipped with this
package.

6.7 The alignment of the watermark

The alignment of the watermark is controlled by the keys align, textalign and boxalign. The
first two are equivalent and may be set to center, left, right or justified. The default is
center. This is particularly useful for putting arbitrary texts (that are not necessarily watermarks)
on pages of documents. The admissible values for the key boxalign are given in Table 2.

6.8 Locating the page center

In case you need to locate the paper/page center for placing the watermark or some other material
at any position on the page, a two-line grid can be placed on the page background with the key
showpagecenter, which may be issued (dynamically for each page) with the \newwatermark macro
as follows:

Example: showpagecenter
62 \newwatermark[allpages,showpagecenter]{}
63 \newwatermark[page=1,showpagecenter=true]{}

64 \newwatermark[allpages,showpagecenter,fontfamily=ptm,angle=60,scale=.7,
65 color=brown!25!yellow!75,coordunit=cc,xpos=0,ypos=0]{Confidential!}.

If after issuing this command to get a centered grid on a page, you no longer require the grid on
the following pages, you simply issue another

Example
66 \newwatermark[pages=1-2,showpagecenter=false]{}

67 \newwatermark[page=10-\lastdocpage,showpagecenter=false,fontfamily=panr,
68 angle=60,scale=.7,color=brown!25!yellow!75,coordunit=cc,xpos=0,ypos=0]
69 {Confidential!}

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6.9 The last page of the document

You can easily obtain the last page of the document with the label xwmlastpage, which is automat-
ically provided by the package: the user doesn’t have to insert it himself. In general, you can use
the command \xwmgetpagenumber to extract page numbers from LATEX labels (even in expansion
contexts). More than one run may be necessary in extracting page numbers from this command.
The following example inserts the watermark from second to the last page to the last page. Note
that in this example the starting page is necessarily enclosed in curly braces so as to distinguish
the two hyphens that serve different purposes.

Example: \xwmgetpagenumber ,\lastdocpage

70 \newwatermark[pages={\lastdocpage-2}-\lastdocpage,angle=90,
71 scale=1,xpos=0,ypos=-1]{This is page \thepage~of~\pageref*{xwmlastpage}}

The command \lastdocpage is equivalent to \xwmgetpagenumber{xwmlastpage}.

6.10 Active characters

Active characters (i. e., those of category 13) and expandable commands can normally be used as
values of the textmark key in the \newwatermark macro. However, such values cannot be passed
via the \documentclass or the \usepackage{xwatermark} command without first loading one of
the packages: xkvltxp, kvoptions-patch and catoptions packages. That is, the following should
work:
Example
72 \RequirePackage{catoptions}
73 \documentclass[myoption={My watermark,\\[2ex]
74 designed~by \textsc{Mr.~J\"ohnson}}]{class-file}

75 \begin{document}
76 Blackberry lily ...
77 \end{document}

In plain TEX the only active character is the tie character (i. e., \nobreakspace). However,
some packages do make some other characters active. For example, after issuing the command
\MakeShortVerb{\x}, the packages doc and shortvrb make the character x activeH4 . The user
can use such active characters in values of the textmark key without locally changing their catcode
to 11 or 12. In the case of \MakeShortVerb{\x}, you can issue \DeleteShortVerb{\x} to revert
to normal use of character x. As another example, the option turkish of the babel package uses
the equal sign (=) as active shorthand character.

7 Macros for creating boxes

To make it easier for users to create paragraph boxes and color boxes of texts and watermarks,
the xwatermark package provides the macros \xwmcolorbox and \xwmminipage. The macro
\xwmcolorbox calls the macro \xwmminipage.

H4 The fancyvrb package has, e. g., \DefineShortVerb[key=value pairs]{\x}.

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7.1 The \xwmminipage macro

The \xwmminipage macro is a minipage environment that may be used for framing watermarks.
It accepts verbatim material. Like the \newwatermark macro, this macro is called with key-value
pairs as follows (see Table 2 for a full listing of the available keys):

New macro: \xwmminipage

78 \xwmminipage[key=value list]{balanced text}
79 \xwmcolorbox[key=value list]{balanced text}.

The textcolor key in \xwmminipage is the color of the text. In the case of \xwmcolorbox,
four color values are expected: textcolor, fillcolor, outerframecolor and innerframecolor.
Texts with commas need to be enclosed in braces when submitted to these macros. The default
values of the keys of these macros are described in subsection 13.2.
The macros \xwmminipage and \xwmcolorbox can be nested within and among themselves, e. g.,

Example: \xwmminipage
80 \newwatermark[pagex={1,3,10},fontfamily=txtt,fontseries=m,color=red,
81 align=center,scale=0.7,angle=0,xpos=0,ypos=0]{%
82 \xwmminipage[width=\paperwidth]{%
83 \xwmminipage[width=\paperwidth,align=left,textcolor=magenta]
84 {\TeX\\[.1ex] \LaTeX}\\[1ex]
85 \xwmminipage[width=\paperwidth,align=center,textcolor=green]
86 {\TeX\\[.1ex] \LaTeX}\\[1ex]
87 \xwmminipage[width=\paperwidth,align=right,textcolor=orange]
88 {\TeX\\[.1ex] \LaTeX}%
89 }%
90 }

More complicated examples can be found in the example files. But some of the complications
found in the example files are unnecessary since several simple watermarks can be placed on the
same document page by specifying the same page number for those simple watermarks.

7.2 The \xwmcolorbox macro

The macro \xwmcolorbox provides a key-value interface to xcolor package’s \fcolorboxH5 .

New macro: \xwmcolorbox

91 \xwmcolorbox[key=value list]{balanced text}.

7.3 The \makecolorbox macro

This macro has the same syntax and options as the \xwmcolorbox macro except that the resulting
colorbox is centered by using the center environment and the markup box \makebox[0pt][c]{}.
It is intended for producing colorboxes such as the one for article abstracts. The user may
experiment with the following settings, from which the abstract of this guide was produced:

H5 The xwatermark package also comes with the macro \xwmshade which is similar to \xwmcolorbox, but which,
unlike \xwmcolorbox, can break neatly across pages (in the manner of the framed package). But since no watermark
is expected to break across pages, the macro \xwmshade isn’t described in this guide. Power users should still be
able to use it.

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New macro: \makecolorbox

92 \makecolorbox[framesep=4pt,framerule=1pt,innerframecolor=red!55,
93 outerframecolor=ForestGreen,align=justified,
94 fillcolor=gray!25,width=.95\hsize,boxalign=center,
95 height=2.5mm,depth=0mm,framebox]{%
96 \centering\xwmcolorbox[align=center,fillcolor=white,
97 innerframecolor=blue,outerframecolor=orange,width=.5\hsize,
98 height=2mm]{\textbf{Abstract}}\\[\baselineskip]
99 The \pkg’{xwatermark} provides facilities for \ldots
100 }

Notice here that the macro \makecolorbox calls the macro \xwmcolorbox.

8 The \fancypagenos macro

The macro \fancypagenos, which has the following syntax, can be used to position and format
page numbers in the desired fashion. Its keys and their default values are described in Table 2.
Page numbers produced by \fancypagenos will, by default, appear in the foreground, so that they
can be seen on top of watermarks. If you want the page numbers to appear in the background,
then set sendtoback=true as one of the key-value pairs in the call to \fancypagenos.

New macro: \fancypagenos

101 \fancypagenos[key=value pairs]

Even after issuing the command \fancypagenos, you can still decide not to print the fancy
page numbers by calling the command \NoFancyPageNumbers. The complement of the command
\NoFancyPageNumbers is \FancyPageNumbers.

9 Using xwatermark with geometry package

Because the geometry package changes the scale, ratio, magnification, and other native dimensions
of the paper to get the needed layout right all the time, the geometry package may interfere with
the xwatermark package. The only layout parameter that the geometry package may retain is the
paper center, which, unfortunately, does not always coincide with the text center. In fact, even
the \paperwidth and \paperheight can be changed by the user of the geometry package.
Feasible solutions to this problem include setting the watermarks before loading the geometry
package; using the geometry package with the option pass in the preliminary runs, when setting
the watermarks (see further details below); using true dimensions (e. g., coordunit=truept); and
using relative, rather than absolute, dimension units (i. e., em and ex). The power-user can also
experiment with the primitives \magnification, \mag and \magstep.
The pass option of the geometry package has been available from version 4.2 of the geometry
package onwards. It disables auto-layout and all of the geometry package settings except verbose
and showframe. It can be used to determine the page layout of the \documentclass and layouts
created by other packages and manual settings. The user can also employ the option showframe of
the geometry package to view how the scaling factors used by the geometry package might change
native layout dimensions. The option reset of the geometry package is also useful in this regard.
The geometry package saves native (LA)TEX dimensions and switches in the macro \Gm@dorg before
processing geometry package options. This macro is called by geometry when the options pass
and reset are passed to it. Reconciling the two packages (xwatermark, geometry) at a ‘high

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level’ will involve simply calling this macro within the xwatermark package whenever xwatermark
detects that the geometry package has been loaded by the user. This is what has been done in the
xwatermark package: the package has a boolean option called disablegeometry, which, if true,
invokes the command \Gm@dorg of the geometry package to disable geometry package settings
and enforce native paper layout dimensions. First the xwatermark package detects at the very
last moment of the document preamble (just before \begin{document}) if the geometry package
has been loaded by the user. If yes, and if the user has suggested disablegeometry=true in the
call to xwatermark, then xwatermark issues the command \geometry{pass}, which, as mentioned
earlier, calls \Gm@dorg.
After the effects of the geometry package are re-introduced (i. e., after setting the xwatermark
package option disablegeometry=false), it might still be necessary, depending on the user need,
to fine-tune the positions of the watermarks.
Because the geometry package stipulates that the command \Gm@dorg can be issued only in the
document preamble, the switch disablegeometry can appear as option only in \documentclass or
\usepackage{xwatermark}. But it matters not which of the two packages (geometry, xwatermark)
is loaded first. To call \Gm@dorg, the xwatermark package uses the hook \BeforeStartOfDocument
from the catoptions package. \AtBeginDocument, a native LATEX hook, is inapplicable in this
case.

10 Support for unicode and utf encodings

The xwatermark package can be used with any font encoding, provided the fontfamily is properly
declared before use. For example, with the following declarations on XETEX, Rembrandt Wolpert
([email protected]) obtained some .pdf outputs that he is willing to share with other users:

Example: \newfontfamily
102 \newfontfamily{\chinese}{STFangsong} % SinoType FangSong

103 \newcommand{\chtext}[1]{{\chinese \XeTeXlinebreaklocale "jp"

104 \XeTeXlinebreakskip=0pt plus 1pt #1}%
105 }

106 \newwatermark[allpages,fontsize=5cm,align=center,
107 color=red!75!blue!25,angle=90,xpos=-65,ypos=-38,scale=.49]
108 {=\fbox{\color{red!65}\chtext{watermark in Chinese or Japanese script}}=}

109 \newfontfamily{\Gara}{Garamond Premier Pro}

110 \newwatermark[allpages,fontsize=5cm,scale=.46,align=center,
111 angle=90,color=red!75!blue!25,xpos=-72,ypos=-38]
112 {=\fbox{\color{red!65}\Gara The different ligature}=\\[.35ex]}.

It doesn’t matter what the user declares as a fontfamily provided he/she declares it before using
it and provided the declaration is valid. It is thus possible to mix scripts in one watermark (e. g.,
Latin, Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Arabic, Russian scripts, you name it).

11 Repeated graphics in a document

For graphics watermarks, the watermark image, or any other image that is repeated in the doc-
ument, has the potential to make the processed version of the document surprisingly large. The

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problem is that the default mechanisms of graphics usage add the image at every point it is to be
used, and when processed, the image appears in the output file at each such point.
See the uktug fag, version 3.20 (2010), entry number 146, page 95, for the available solutions to
this problem. As described by this reference, if the PostScript version of the file is destined for
conversion to pdf, either by a ghostscript-based mechanism such as ps2pdf or by, for example,
Acrobat Distiller, the issue is not as important, since the distillation mechanism will amalgamate
graphics objects whether or not the PostScript has them amalgamated. pdfTEX does the same
job with graphics, automatically converting multiple insertions into pointers to graphics objects.
See also the \pdfxform command and instructions about XObjects in pdfTEX user manual.

12 Further examples of use of xwatermark package

The files xwatermark-examples1.tex and xwatermark-examples2.tex, source files of examples
of use of the xwatermark package together with their pdf versions, are provided with this guide
in the xwatermark bundle.

13 Package options and macro keys

We categorize the package options and keys into global and local. Global options are those set
either in \documentclass or in \usepackage, while local options are those set with the macros
\newwatermark, \newwallpaper, \xwmminipage, \xwmcolorbox and \makecolorbox.

13.1 Global options

The global package options are listed and described in the following Table 1.

Table 1: Global options of the package

All the keys in this table are ‘option keys’, i. e., they can appear only in \documentclass or
\usepackage. If a key is an option key and it is issued in functions other than \documentclass
or \usepackage, the package will alert the user to that effect.
Option Default Meaning
defaultfirstpage, The default first page of document, when the first
1
default-first-page page hasn’t been known yet.
defaultlastpage, The default last page of document, when the last
1
default-last-page page has’t been shipped out yet.
draft false The document is in draft mode.See note 1.1
final true The document is in final mode.
This option determines whether the page layout
disablegeometry, settings by the geometry package should be dis-
false
disable-geometry abled so that the watermarks can be set more
readily by xwatermark.1.2
frontpagestyle, The style of the front page, in the sense of the
empty
front-page-style fancyhdr package.
picontoptext, The boolean that determines if picture watermark
pic-on-top-text, true is placed on top of text watermark or otherwise,
picture-on-top-text when they occur at the same location on a page.
printwatermark, The global boolean switch that determines
true
print-watermark whether watermarks should be printed or not.1.3
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Option Default Meaning
The boolean to call to reset the paper ori-
resetpaperorigin,
false gin (\pdfhorigin, \pdfvorigin, \hoffset and
reset-paper-origin
\voffset) to zero unit.
showpagecenter, Boolean that indicates if the center of the paper
false
show-page-center should be shown with a cross (and circle).1.4
textontoppic,
text-on-top-pic, false The reverse of picontoptext.
text-on-top-picture
The boolean that instructs xwatermark to print
watermarks that have been defined by the
usedummymarks,
true \dummywatermark or \dummywallpaper in addi-
use-dummy-marks
tion to those defined by \newwatermark and/or
\newwallpaper.
The option determines the watermark parser, a
watermarkparser,
; (semicolon) quantity that is used internally to build water-
watermark-parser
marks into lists.1.5

Table 1 notes

1.1 draft and final are complementary (biboolean) options, i. e., when one is true, the other is auto-

matically set to false.

1.2 Version 5.6 and higher of the geometry package make this option less likely to be needed, unlike the

earlier versions of geometry.

1.3 This option can be passed to package as either true or false and can appear in the \documentclass
options list or \usepackage. If for any reason you don’t want the watermark printed in any run,
you can enter printwatermark=false. If the option draft or final appears in the \documentclass
or \usepackage, it won’t affect the printing or otherwise of the watermark, apart from determining if
graphics watermarks are actually inserted instead of framed empty boxes. The printing of the watermark
is determined by the option printwatermark.
1.4The xwmgrid package, which provides a full gridding functionality consistent with the xwatermark
package, will be released shortly.
1.5 If you do have the watermarkparser in your watermark, it must be enclosed in curly braces, otherwise
the package will flag a fatal error. You can change the watermarkparser to say ‘|’ (vertical bar), in case
you have too many ‘;’ (semicolons) in your watermarks and you are fed up with enclosing them in braces.

13.2 Local options

Local package options are those associated with the commands \newwatermark, \newwallpaper,
\xwmminipage, \xwmcolorbox, \makecolorbox and \fancypagenos. They are described in the
following Table 2.

Table 2: Local (function-dependent) options of the package

Most of the keys in this table are ‘non-option keys’, i. e., they can’t appear in \documentclass or
\usepackage but in the arguments of the given functions. If a key is a non-option key and the user
submits it to \documentclass or \usepackage, the package will alert the user.
Option Default Meaning
\newwatermark macro
angle, textangle,
0◦ The orientation of text watermark.
text-angle
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Option Default Meaning
align, textalign, The internal horizontal alignment of the water-
center
text-align mark within a watermark box.See note 2.1
page, pages, pagex,
firstpage, lastpage, These determine the pages on which the water-
allpages, evenpages, marks are to be printed.2.2
oddpages
boxalign, box-align center/s The alignment of the watermark box.2.3
coordunit, coord-unit,
mm The unit for x- and y-coordinates of watermark.
position-unit
color, textcolor,
gray!25 The color of the text watermark.
text-color
This option will insert framed empty boxes in
draft false
place of graphics watermarks.
draftboxcolor, The color of the box that is printed in place of
blue
draft-box-color graphics watermarks in draft document mode.
This option actually does nothing for now. It is
final false
included for possible future application.
fontfamily bch The fontfamily of the text watermark.
fontsize 1cm The fontsize of the text watermark.2.4
fontseries b The font series of the text watermark.2.5
Additional user-supplied key-value options for
graphicsoptions
the command \includegraphics.2.6
height, textheight,
\paperwidth The height of text watermarks.
text-height
mark, textmark, text-mark DRAFT The default text watermark.
picscale, picture-scale 1 Scale of picture watermark.
picbb, picture-bb, The bounding box (dvi mode) or viewport (pdf
0 0 100 100
pic-bounding-box mode) of the picture watermark.
picfile, picture-file The filename of picture watermark.2.7
The filename extension of the picture water-
picfileext, pic-file-ext eps/pdf
mark.2.8
picheight, pic-height,
The height of picture watermarks.
picture-height
picangle, picture-angle 0◦ The orientation of picture watermarks.
picwidth, picture-width The width of picture watermarks.
Pictures should be placed on top of text water-
picontoptext,
true marks if the two types of watermark occur on
picture-on-top-text
the same spot on a page.
picxpos, picture-xpos, The horizontal coordinate of the picture water-
0
picture-x-position marks.
picypos, picture-ypos, The horizontal coordinate of the picture water-
0
picture-y-position marks.
scale, textscale,
1 The scale of the text watermark.
text-scale
showpagecenter, Boolean for requesting the indication of the cen-
show-page-center, false ter of the paper. See xwmgrids package for ad-
showpapercenter ditional information.
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Option Default Meaning
Text watermarks should be placed on top of
textontoppic,
graphics watermarks if the two types of water-
text-on-top-pic, false
mark occur on the same spot on a page. This
text-on-top-picture
reverses the boolean picontoptext.
width, textwidth, The width of text watermarks; doesn’t apply to
\paperheight
text-width graphics watermarks.2.9
These specify the horizontal coordinate of wa-
xpos, textxpos, text-xpos,
0 termark (with reference to the center of paper,
text-x-position
and not the text center).2.10
ypos, textypos, text-ypos,
0 The vertical coordinate of the watermark.
text-y-position
\newwallpaper macro2.11
align, textalign, The internal horizontal alignment of the water-
center
text-align mark within a watermark box.2.12
The horizontal and vertical alignments of the
boxalign, box-align center (s)
watermark box.2.13
picheight,
.25\paperheight The height of each cell of picture wallpaper.
picture-height
picwidth, picture-width .25\paperwidth The width of each cell of picture wallpaper.
tilexsize, tile-xsize .25\paperwidth The width of each cell of tiled wallpaper.
tileysize, tile-ysize .25\paperheight The height of each cell of tiled wallpaper.
textheight, text-height .25\paperheight The height of each cell of text wallpaper.
textwidth, text-width .25\paperwidth The width of each cell of text wallpaper.
tilexoffset, The horizontal shift between the tiles of wallpa-
0pt
tile-xoffset per.
tileyoffset,
0pt The vertical shift between the tiles of wallpaper.
tile-yoffset
The maximum number of cells for tiled
tileno, tilenumber,
wallpapers if the parameters tilexsize and
tile-number, 4
tileysize aren’t specified or if the boolean
number-of-tiles
squaretiles is true.2.14
squaretiles, The boolean that determines if the tiles should
true
square-tiles be rectangular or square.2.15
wpxoffset, The horizontal offset of wallpaper from the mar-
0pt
wallpaper-xoffset gin or edge of paper.
wpyoffset, The vertical offset of wallpaper from the margin
0pt
wallpaper-yoffset or edge of paper.
\xwmminipage macro2.16
depth 0ex Additional depth of the boxed minipage.
height .5\textheight Additional height of the boxed minipage.
framebox, insertframe, The boolean that determines whether the box
true
insert-frame is framed or not.
framesep 3pt \fboxsep of the boxed minipage.
framerule 0.4pt \fboxrule of the boxed minipage.
textwidth \paperwidth Width of the boxed minipage.
textcolor black Color of text inside boxed minipage.
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Option Default Meaning
framecolor white Color of frame of boxed minipage.
Alignment of the text inside the boxed minipage
textalign, text-align center of the command \xwmminipage (expected values
are center, left, right and justified).
\xwmcolorbox macro
depth 0ex Additional depth of the colorbox.
framebox, insertframe, The boolean that determines whether the box
true
insert-frame is framed or not.
framesep 3pt \fboxsep of the colorbox.
framerule 0.4pt \fboxrule of the colorbox.
height 0ex Additional height of the colorbox.
innerframecolor,
white Color of the inner frame of colorbox.
inner-frame-color
outerframecolor,
white Color of the outer frame of colorbox.
outer-frame-color
textcolor black Color of text inside colorbox.
Alignment of the text inside the colorbox of
textalign, text-align center \xwmcolorbox (expected values are center,
left, right and justified).
width \paperwidth Width of the colorbox.
\makecolorbox macro
The options of the macro \makecolorbox are the same as those of the related macro \xwmcolorbox.
Please refer to subsection 7.3 for the syntaxes of these macros.
\fancypagenos macro
cfoot, center-footer,
Center footer.2.17
footer-center
chead, center-header,
Center header.
header-center
format \fbox The desired format of the fancy-page numbers.
coordunit, coord-unit,
mm The units of the position/coordinates x and y.
position-unit
fontfamily cmss The fontfamily of the fancy-page numbers.
fontsize 5cm The fontsize of the fancy-page numbers.
fontseries b The font series of the fancy-page numbers.
footrule-height .4pt Foot rule height.
footrule-depth .4pt Foot rule depth.
footrule-width \headwidth Foot rule width.
footrule-sep, Foot rule vertical separation (i. e., the vertical
2pt
footrule-separation separation between the two lines.
footrule-color cyan Foot rule color.
Left \hfoffset (see fancyhdr for the meaning
hfoffset-left .5
of \hfoffset).
hfoffset-right .5 Right \hfoffset (see fancyhdr).
headrule-height .4pt Head rule height.
headrule-depth .4pt Head rule depth.
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Option Default Meaning
headrule-width \headwidth Head rule width.
headrule-sep, Head rule separation (i. e., the vertical separa-
2pt
headrule-separation tion between the two lines.
headrule-color blue Head rule color.
lfoot, left-footer,
Left footer.
footer-left
lhead, left-header,
Left header.
header-left
The presentation style of the fancy-page num-
style, printstyle \thepage
bers.
rfoot, right-footer,
Right footer.
footer-right
rhead, right-header,
Right header.
header-right
showpagenos, show-pageno,
Boolean that determines if fancy-page numbers
show-pagenos, true
should be shown.
show-page-numbers
Boolean that determines if fancy-page numbers
showonpageone,
false should be shown on the first page of the docu-
show-on-page-one
ment.
showheadrule, Boolean that determines if the headrule should
true
show-headrule be shown.
showfootrule, Boolean that determines if the footrule should
true
show-footrule be shown.
Boolean that determines if the fancy-page num-
sendtoback true bers should be placed in the background or fore-
ground.
align, textalign, The alignment of the text in the fancy-page
center
text-align number box (if it is boxed).
The alignment of the fancy-page number box (if
boxalign, box-align center
it is boxed).
color, textcolor,
blue The color of the fancy-page numbers.
text-color
scale, textscale,
2.5 The scale of the fancy-page numbers.
text-scale
angle, textangle,
0 The orientation of the fancy-page numbers.
text-angle
width, textwidth,
0ex Width of the fancy-page numbers.
text-width
height, textheight,
0ex Height of the fancy-page numbers.
text-height
xpos, textxpos, The horizontal coordinates of the fancy-page
0
x-position numbers (from page center).
ypos, textypos, The vertical coordinates of the fancy-page num-
0
y-position bers (from page center).

Table 2 notes

2.1 The key can assume only one of the values center, left, right and justified. Any other text

alignment value is inadmissible and thus rejected by the package with a fatal error.

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2.2 The options allpages, evenpages, oddpages are boolean keys, while page, pages and pagex require

values, e. g., page=x, pages=x-y and pagex={x,y,z}. If the package is loaded and none of these options is
passed to it, but the option printwatermark is true, the default watermark (DRAFT) will be printed on
the first page of the document (but only in draft mode) and a warning message logged in the transcript
file. The key pages expects a page range with the pages separated by a hyphen, while pagex expects a
list of pages that will receive the watermarks.
2.3 Both text and picture watermarks are normally put in boxes for manipulation before being typeset.
This key refers to the horizontal and vertical alignments of the box. The key can assume one of the
values t-l, t-r, b-l, b-r, s, or top-left, top-right, bottom-left, bottom-right, center, justified.
Elements of these two sets can’t be combined. When submitted as key values, the elements of both sets
are not to be separated by commas or spaces but by hyphens (e. g., one of t-l, t-r, b-l, b-r, s, or one
of top-left, top-right, bottom-left, bottom-right, center, justified).
2.4If for some reason you need other fontsizes (e. g., 10pt, 11pt or 12pt for printing text watermarks in
\normalfont), you will need to submit them as values of fontsize.
2.5 If you need normal document text, put fontseries=m, which implies medium weight and width.
2.6 The command \includegraphics is used for all graphics inclusion tasks. Users can directly pass
values to admissible options of the command \includegraphics. See subsection 5.1.
2.7 This, with its full path, must be submitted when including picture watermark.
2.8 Valid extensions are eps, pdf, png, jpeg, mps; the latter four may be used in the case of pdfT X.
E
The file extension should be passed without the dot. If the option is not passed to package, xwatermark
selects eps (in dvi mode) or pdf (in pdfTEX mode).
2.9 For some design reasons we set \paperheight as the default value of mark’s width instead of mark’s
height.
2.10 There
is no need to attach a unit to xpos or ypos; if the user does, the unit will be used in place of
coordunit.
2.11 Some of the \newwatermark keys can also be called when inserting wallpapers. If you aren’t sure if a
key is applicable, don’t worry: just try it. The package collects all inadmissible keys together and prints
them in the transcript file on each run. Normally, the user is alerted by an error message. Indeed if you
receive any failed compilation, you should first suspect that the failure is due to the use of an invalid key.
The next keys apply specifically to wallpaper watermarks.
2.12 The key can assume only one of the values center, left, right and justified.
2.13 The
key can assume one of the values t-l, t-r, b-l, b-r, s, or top-left, top-right, bottom-left,
bottom-right, center, justified. When submitted as key values, the elements are not to be separated
by commas or spaces but by hyphens (e. g., one of t-l, t-r, b-l, b-r, s, or one of top-left, top-right,
bottom-left, bottom-right, center, justified).
2.14 If tilexsize and tileysize are given and squaretiles is false, tileno is ignored.
2.15 Sometimes choosing squaretiles (i. e., setting it true) can yield an undesired outcome if textalign
and boxalign haven’t been properly selected. In such a situation, the user is advised to first experiment
with setting squaretiles to false and/or textalign and boxalign to center.
2.16 The \xwmminipage command can take verbatim material and provides a hkeyi=hvaluei alternative
to the \boxedminipage command of the boxedminipage package.
2.17 All headers and footers are as in fancyhdr package.

14 Version history
The following change history highlights significant changes that affect user utilities and interfaces;
changes of technical nature are not documented in this section. The star sign (?) on the right-hand
side of the following lists means the subject features in the package but is not reflected anywhere
in this user guide.
Version 1.5.2a[2012/02/01]
New command \xwm@stripallouterbraces introduced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

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Version 1.5.2[2011/10/20]
To match changes in ltxkeys package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?

Version 1.5.1[2011/07/20]
Following user request, two new keys were introduced for the macro \fancypagenos . section 8

Version 1.5.0[2011/07/10]
Introduced the ltxkeys package, a highly robust and optimized module for general creation and
management of keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
Provisions for placing more than one watermark on the same page. . . . . . . . . . . section 3
Introduced wallpaper functionalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . section 4
Adaptable and flexible fancy page numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . section 8

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Index
Index numbers refer to page numbers.

D boxedminipage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
\DiscardAllWatermarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4, 8 catoptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13, 16
\DiscardDummyWatermarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4, 8 doc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
\dummywallpaper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 draftcopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2
\dummywatermark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4, 8 draftmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2
draftwatermark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2
F fancyhdr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
\fancypagenos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 fancyvrb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
\FancyPageNumbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 framed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2, 11, 15–18
xwatermark-examples1.tex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
xwatermark-examples2.tex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 graphicx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
kvoptions-patch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
G ltxkeys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 24
\GraphicsOptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 10 shortvrb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
graphicsoptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 9 wallpaper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2
watermark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 2
I xcolor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 14
\includegraphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 xkvltxp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
xwatermark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–3, 9–11, 13–18, 23
L xwmgrid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
\lastdocpage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
S
M Size of the watermark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
\makecolorbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
U
N \UseDummyWatermarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4, 8
\newfontfamily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
\newwallpaper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 W
\newwatermark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 \watermarkpaths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
\NoFancyPageNumbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
X
P \xwmcolorbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . \xwmgetpagenumber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
babel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 \xwmminipage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

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