ASSIGNMENT-1

Q-1 Write a short note on Operating System?

Ans: Definition:

“Operating System is a collection of programs that control all hardware and other
resources in the computer system”. Without Operating System the computer is useless.

Required:

The Operating System operate and controls the C.P.U., Memory , Various I/U devices
such that Keyboard, Mouse, Video Display Unit, Printers etc.

 It is responsible for the smooth and efficient operation of the computer.

Job:

When you run a programme the PC has to do the following jobs.

1. Locate the program file required to run the program on the Floppy or the hard disk
drive.
2. Find out the vacant space in the memory where the program files may be loaded.
3. Loaded the program files in the memory.
4. While the program is running keep the resources required by the programme
reserved on permanent or time-sharing bases.
5. Manage and control the users interaction with the I/U devices.
Types of Operating System:

The following are most popular Operating System for PC.

1. DOS (Disk Operating System)

2. Windows 95
3. Windows 98
4. Windows 2000
5. Windows XP
6. Windows NT
7. Operating System/2
8. Unix and Linux
ASSIGNMENT-2

Q-1 Explain Booting process in DOS?

Ans: Definition:

“Loading the Operating System on a computer is called booting up the computer,

And this process is called Booting process.”

Types of Booting process:

There are two types of booting process:-

1. Warm booting 2. Cold booting

Warm booting:-
 “Restarting PC without switching off the power is called warm booting”.

Cold booting:-

“Sometime warm booting doesn’t work in that case you have to switch off and
switch it on to boot it again is called cold booting”.

Q-2 Explain DOS Features?

Ans: 1) File Management:

The Operating System creates and manages the directory system on the
secondary storage devices.

2) Disk preparation: EX, Disk copying, Formatting etc.

3) Disk Management: File delete, File rename, File copying etc.

 DOS Features provide disk preparation and disk management.

 Disk Operating System was the first Operating system development for the IBM PC
by Micro tot Corporation this was called DOS.
 DOS was introduce all programme file required to stored on a Floppy disk containing.

Q-3 Explain Internal and External command in DOS with example.

Ans: Internal Command:

“ The command are automatically loaded in the memory of your PC when

DOS is loaded. These commands are called Internal Commands.” This command can
be used without the need of any DOS file or disk etc.

Examples:

Copy, REN, Erase. DIR, CD, Date, Time, Type, Prompt, Version, RMDIR(RD),
MKDIR(MD).

External Command:

These are conventional program file can be deleted, copy or rename.

External command displayed when dir list on the screen.

Examples:

DOS KEY, Format, DISKCOMP, DISKCOPY, move, print, Sort.

Q-4 What are the purpose of Autoexec.bat file or Config.sys file?

Ans: (1) Autoexec.bat and Config.sys file are automatically loaded when DOS is booted. (2)
Autoexec.bat and Config.sys are contains the necessary of DOS commands to load the
startup programme. On computer Config.sys is configuration file of your PC.

Q-5 Difference between DOS and GUI.

Ans:

DOS GUI

 This is Disk Operating System. It  This is Graphical User Interface.

is Character User Interface.
 We can’t create any Images and  We can create Images and
Multimedia file in DOS. Multimedia files in GUI.
 In this system command must be  In this system command cannot
required so remember. be required so remember.

Q-6 Explain following commands in detail with their Use, Syntax and Example.

Ans: 1. DIR:

 Use: This Command is used to list files and directories from a particular directory.
 Syntax: DIR
 Example: c:\ > DIR
2. MD or MKDIR:

 Use: This Command is used to make directory in particular drive.

 Syntax: MD < Directory name >
 Example: c:\ > MD World
3. CD:

 Use: This Command is use to change directory from default drive.

 Syntax: CD < Directory name >
 Example: c:\ > CD World
4. RD or RMDIR:

 Use: This Command is use to remove directory from particular drive.

 Syntax: RD < Directory name >
 Example: c:\ > RD World
5. REN:

 Use: This Command is use to rename or change your file name.

 Syntax: REN <Filename> <New filename>
 Example: REN FYBCA SYBCA
6. Dos key:

 Use: This key is use to store all DOS command in memory. When you want to see it,
press Up and Down arrow keys.
7. Version:

 Use: This Command is use to display or watch the DOS version in use in the PC.
 Syntax: VER
 Example: c:\ > VER
8. Date:

 Use: This Command is used to display or change system date of our computer.
 Syntax: Date
 Example: c:\ > Date Current Date is (mm-dd-yy).

9. Time:
  Use: This Command is used to see the system time of our computer.
 Syntax: Time
 Example: c:\ > Time Current Time is:
10. Copy:

 Use: This Command is used to copying the file from place to another place.
 Syntax: Copy source destination.
 Example: c:\ > copy C: FYBCA D: SYBCA
11. Del or Erase:

 Use: This Command is use to delete or erase your file from particular directory or
drive.
 Syntax: DEL c:\<Filename>
 Example: D:\DEL c:\FYBCA
12. Move: (External)

 Use: This Command use to move files from one directory to another directory or to
rename directory.
 Syntax: Move c:\<Filename> c:\<Filename>
 Example: D:\> MOVE c:\FYBCA c:\SYBCA.
13. Copy Con:

 Use: This Command is use to create new file in particular directory.

 Syntax: Copy Con <Filename>
 Example: C:\> Copy Con: T1.text.
14. Type:

 Use: This Command is used to see the contains of our file.

 Syntax: Type <Filename>
 Example: C:\> Type T1.text.
15. Prompt:

 Use: This Command is used to configure or DOS prompt to your linking $ sign must
be placed.
 Syntax: Prompt $ character.
 Example: C:\> Prompt $ b o/p
16. DIR/P:

 Use: This Command is used to watch all files and press any key then you see
another files (page wise).
 Syntax: DIR/P.
 Example: C:\> Dir/P
17. DIR/a:

 Use: This Command shows all the files with its attributes (Date\Time).
 Syntax: C:\> dir/a
18. DIR/w:

 Use: This Command shows all directories or files width wise.

 Syntax: C:\> dir/w
19. DIR/ah:

 Use: This Command shows all hidden files of current drive.

 Syntax: C:\> Dir/ah
20. DIR/a-h:

 Use: This Command shows non hidden files of current drive.

  Syntax: C:\> Dir/a-h
21. DIR/ar:

 Use: This Command shows only receivables files of particular drive.

 Syntax: C:\> Dir/ar
22. DIR/a-r:

 Use: This Command shows non receivables files of particular drive.

 Syntax: C:\> Dir/a-r
23. DIR/ad:

 Use: This Command shows only directories of current drive.

 Syntax: C:\> Dir/ad

Q-7 Explain File naming convention.

Ans: Each file has given a name so that it can be referred later. This name is called
Filename. File name in DOS capable up to 8 characters and extension is capable up to 3
characters long.

We can use the following character in filename. A-Z, 0-9, #, $, }, {, ( ), a-z, !, @,

%, ~, \.

We cannot use some character ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘:’, ‘<’, ‘>’, ‘\’, ‘/’ etc.

Q-8 Explain Wildcard character with example.

Ans: 1. Wild card characters are used for select and move multiple file.

2. There are two types of wildcard character

i. asterisk ( * )
ii. ?
Example:

 DIR *.txt - This command is used to see the list of files with extension txt.
 DIR T?.doc - This command is used to see the list of files with maximum 2
character’s name, fist character T and extension doc.

Q-9 Explain the Batch file?

Ans:

 A Batch file is a simple text file that contains a series of DOS command.
 It can help us to run series of DOS commands without requiring our attention.
 When we enter command we can enter only one command at a time.
 If command take longtime to finish waiting for DOS to finish can be us.