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    Gene Expression

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    Gene expression involves turning genes on to produce RNA and protein. In prokaryotes, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, and gene expression is primarily regulated at the transcriptional level by controlling DNA transcription. In eukaryotes, DNA is contained in the nucleus and transcribed into RNA, which is transported out of the nucleus for translation by ribosomes into protein. Gene expression can be regulated at the epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels in eukaryotes.

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    Gene Expression

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    Gene expression involves turning genes on to produce RNA and protein. In prokaryotes, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, and gene expression is primarily regulated at the transcriptional level by controlling DNA transcription. In eukaryotes, DNA is contained in the nucleus and transcribed into RNA, which is transported out of the nucleus for translation by ribosomes into protein. Gene expression can be regulated at the epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels in eukaryotes.

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    Gene expression involves turning genes on to produce RNA and protein. In prokaryotes, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, and gene expression is primarily regulated at the transcriptional level by controlling DNA transcription. In eukaryotes, DNA is contained in the nucleus and transcribed into RNA, which is transported out of the nucleus for translation by ribosomes into protein. Gene expression can be regulated at the epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels in eukaryotes.

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    40 views2 pages

    Gene Expression

    Uploaded by

    api-437746583
    Gene expression involves turning genes on to produce RNA and protein. In prokaryotes, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, and gene expression is primarily regulated at the transcriptional level by controlling DNA transcription. In eukaryotes, DNA is contained in the nucleus and transcribed into RNA, which is transported out of the nucleus for translation by ribosomes into protein. Gene expression can be regulated at the epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels in eukaryotes.

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    GENE EXPRESSION

    The process of turning on a gene to produce RNA and protein


    - Regulation of gene expression conserve energy and space
    - DNA must be unwound from its tightly coiled structure to transcribe and translate
    the DNA
    - Gene regulation is the process of controlling which genes in a cell’s DNA are
    expressed (used to make a functional product such as a protein).
    - Different cells in a multicellular organism may express very different sets of
    genes, even though they contain the same DNA.
    - The set of genes expressed in a cell determines the set of proteins and functional
    RNAs it contains, giving it its unique properties.
    - In eukaryotes like humans, gene expression involves many steps, and gene
    regulation can occur at any of these steps. However, many genes are regulated
    primarily at the level of transcription.
    PROKARYOTIC
    - To synthesis protein= transcription and translation occur almost
    simultaneously
    - the primary method to control what type of protein and how much of each
    protein is expressed in a prokaryotic cell is the regulation of DNA
    transcription.
    - the control of gene expression is mostly at the transcriptional level.

    EUKARYOTIC
    - DNA is contained inside the cell’s nucleus and there it is
    transcribed into RNA
    - newly synthesized RNA is then transported out of the nucleus into
    the cytoplasm, where ribosomes translate the RNA into protein
    - processes of transcription and translation; separated by the
    nuclear membrane
    - transcription occurs only within the nucleus
    - transcription occurs only within the nucleus
    epigenetic level: DNA is uncoiled and loosened from
    nucleosomes to bind transcription factors
    transcriptional level: when the RNA is transcribed
    post-transcriptional level: when the RNA is processed and
    exported to the cytoplasm after it is transcribed
    translational level: when the RNA is translated into protein

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