1) The document describes a verification test of a post-tensioned concrete slab modelled in the SAFE software.
2) Key parameters of the slab and results of stress and moment calculations from SAFE are compared to independent hand calculations.
3) The results show very close agreement between SAFE and the independent calculations, validating the SAFE model. The largest difference between any result was 0.74%.
1) The document describes a verification test of a post-tensioned concrete slab modelled in the SAFE software.
2) Key parameters of the slab and results of stress and moment calculations from SAFE are compared to independent hand calculations.
3) The results show very close agreement between SAFE and the independent calculations, validating the SAFE model. The largest difference between any result was 0.74%.
1) The document describes a verification test of a post-tensioned concrete slab modelled in the SAFE software.
2) Key parameters of the slab and results of stress and moment calculations from SAFE are compared to independent hand calculations.
3) The results show very close agreement between SAFE and the independent calculations, validating the SAFE model. The largest difference between any result was 0.74%.
1) The document describes a verification test of a post-tensioned concrete slab modelled in the SAFE software.
2) Key parameters of the slab and results of stress and moment calculations from SAFE are compared to independent hand calculations.
3) The results show very close agreement between SAFE and the independent calculations, validating the SAFE model. The largest difference between any result was 0.74%.
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION The purpose of this example is to verify the slab stresses and the required area of mild steel strength reinforcing for a post-tensioned slab.
A one-way simply supported slab is modeled in SAFE. The modeled slab is 254 mm thick by 915 mm wide and spans 9754 mm as, shown in shown in Figure 1.
Prestressing tendon, Ap
Mild Steel, As 229 mm
254 mm
25 mm Length, L = 9754 mm 914 mm
Elevation Section
Figure 1 One-Way Slab
EXAMPLE NZS 3101-06 PT-SL-001 - 1
Software Verification PROGRAM NAME: SAFE REVISION NO.: 0
A 254 mm wide design strip is centered along the length of the slab and has been defined as an A-Strip. B-strips have been placed at each end of the span, perpendicular to Strip-A (the B-Strips are necessary to define the tendon profile). A tendon with two strands, each having an area of 99 mm2, has been added to the A-Strip. The self weight and live loads have been added to the slab. The loads and post-tensioning forces are as follows:
Loads: Dead = self weight, Live = 4.788 kN/m2
The total factored strip moments, required area of mild steel reinforcement, and slab stresses are reported at the midspan of the slab. Independent hand calculations were compared with the SAFE results and summarized for verification and validation of the SAFE results.
GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING
Thickness T, h = 254 mm Effective depth d = 229 mm Clear span L = 9754 mm
Concrete strength f 'c = 30 MPa
Yield strength of steel fy = 400 MPa Prestressing, ultimate fpu = 1862 MPa Prestressing, effective fe = 1210 MPa Area of Prestress (single strand) Ap = 198 mm2 Concrete unit weight wc = 23.56 kN/m3 Modulus of elasticity Ec = 25000 N/mm3 Modulus of elasticity Es = 200,000 N/mm3 Poisson’s ratio ν = 0
Dead load wd = self kN/m2
Live load wl = 4.788 kN/m2
TECHNICAL FEATURES OF SAFE TESTED
¾ Calculation of the required flexural reinforcement ¾ Check of slab stresses due to the application of dead, live, and post-tensioning loads.
RESULTS COMPARISON Table 1 shows the comparison of the SAFE total factored moments, required mild steel reinforcing, and slab stresses with the independent hand calculations.
EXAMPLE NZS 3101-06 PT-SL-001 - 2
Software Verification PROGRAM NAME: SAFE REVISION NO.: 0
Table 1 Comparison of Results
INDEPENDENT SAFE FEATURE TESTED DIFFERENCE RESULTS RESULTS Factored moment, 156.12 156.14 0.01% Mu (Ultimate) (kN-m) Area of Mild Steel req’d, 14.96 15.07 0.74% As (sq-cm) Transfer Conc. Stress, top −5.058 −5.057 0.02% (D+PTI), MPa Transfer Conc. Stress, bot 2.839 2.839 0.00% (D+PTI), MPa Normal Conc. Stress, top −10.460 −10.465 0.05% (D+L+PTF), MPa Normal Conc. Stress, bot 8.402 8.407 0.06% (D+L+PTF), MPa Long-Term Conc. Stress, −7.817 −7.817 0.00% top (D+0.5L+PTF(L)), MPa Long-Term Conc. Stress, 5.759 5.759 0.00% bot (D+0.5L+PTF(L)), MPa
COMPUTER FILE: NZS 3101-06 PT-SL-001.FDB
CONCLUSION The SAFE results show a very close comparison with the independent results.
EXAMPLE NZS 3101-06 PT-SL-001 - 3
Software Verification PROGRAM NAME: SAFE REVISION NO.: 0
HAND CALCULATIONS:
Design Parameters: Mild Steel Reinforcing Post-Tensioning f’c = 30MPa fpu = 1862 MPa fy = 400MPa fpy = 1675 MPa Stressing Loss = 186 MPa Long-Term Loss = 94 MPa fi = 1490 MPa fe = 1210 MPa φb = 0.85 α1 = 0.85 for f ′c ≤ 55 MPa
β1 = 0.85 for f ′c ≤ 30,
εc cb = d = 214.7 ε c + f y Es
amax = 0.75β1cb= 136.8 mm
Prestressing tendon, Ap
Mild Steel, As 229 mm
254 mm
25 mm Length, L = 9754 mm 914 mm
Elevation Section
Loads: Dead, self-wt = 0.254 m x 23.56 kN/m3 = 5.984 kN/m2 (D) x 1.2 = 7.181kN/m2 (Du) Live, = 4.788 kN/m2 (L) x 1.5 = 7.182 kN/m2 (Lu) Total = 10.772 kN/m2 (D+L) = 14.363 kN/m2 (D+L)ult
ω =10.772 kN/m2 x 0.914 m = 9.846 kN/m, ωu = 14.363 kN/m2 x 0.914 m = 13.128 kN/m
wl12 Ultimate Moment, M U = = 13.128 x (9.754)2/8 = 156.12 kN-m 8
EXAMPLE NZS 3101-06 PT-SL-001 - 4
Software Verification PROGRAM NAME: SAFE REVISION NO.: 0
f'c Ultimate Stress in strand, f PS = f SE + 70 + 300 ρ P 30 = 1210 + 70 + 300(0.00095) = 1385 MPa ≤ f SE + 200 = 1410 MPa
Ultimate force in PT, Fult , PT = AP ( f PS ) = 2(99)(1385) /1000 = 274.23 kN
2M * Stress block depth, a = d − d 2 − α f 'c φ b 2(156.12) = 0.229 − 0.2292 − (1e3) = 37.48 mm 0.85(30000)(0.85)(0.914) Ultimate moment due to PT, a 37.48 M ult , PT = Fult , PT (d − )φ = 274.23(229 − )(0.85) /1000 = 49.01 kN-m 2 2 Net ultimate moment, M net = M U − M ult , PT = 156.1 − 49.10 = 107.0 kN-m
Required area of mild steel reinforcing,
M net 107.0 AS = = (1e6) = 1496 mm 2 φ f y (d − ) 0.85(400000) ⎛⎜ 0.229 − ⎞ a 0.03748 ⎟ 2 ⎝ 2 ⎠
Tendon stress at transfer = jacking stress − stressing losses =1490 − 186 = 1304 MPa The force in the tendon at transfer, = 1304(197.4) /1000 = 257.4 kN Moment due to dead load, M D = 5.984(0.914)(9.754) 2 / 8 = 65.04 kN-m Moment due to PT, M PT = FPTI (sag) = 257.4(102 mm) /1000 = 26.25 kN-m F M − M PT −257.4 65.04 − 26.23 Stress in concrete, f = PTI ± D = ± A S 0.254(0.914) 0.00983 where S=0.00983m3 f = −1.109 ± 3.948MPa f = −5.058(Comp) max, 2.839(Tension) max
EXAMPLE NZS 3101-06 PT-SL-001 - 5
Software Verification PROGRAM NAME: SAFE REVISION NO.: 0
Normal Condition, load combinations: (D+L+PTF) = 1.0D+1.0L+1.0PTF
Tendon stress at normal = jacking − stressing − long-term = 1490 − 186 − 94 = 1210 MPa The force in tendon at normal, = 1210(197.4) /1000 = 238.9 kN Moment due to dead load, M D = 5.984(0.914)(9.754) 2 / 8 = 65.04 kN-m Moment due to live load, M L = 4.788(0.914)(9.754) 2 / 8 = 52.04 kN-m Moment due to PT, M PT = FPTI (sag) = 238.9(102 mm) /1000 = 24.37 kN-m
Stress in concrete for (D+L+PTF),
F M − M PT −238.8 117.08 − 24.37 f = PTI ± D + L = ± A S 0.254(0.914) 0.00983 f = −1.029 ± 9.431 f = −10.460(Comp) max, 8.402(Tension) max
Tendon stress at normal = jacking − stressing − long-term = 1490 − 186 − 94 = 1210 MPa The force in tendon at normal, = 1210(197.4) /1000 = 238.9 kN Moment due to dead load, M D = 5.984(0.914)(9.754) 2 / 8 = 65.04 kN-m Moment due to live load, M L = 4.788(0.914)(9.754) 2 / 8 = 52.04 kN-m Moment due to PT, M PT = FPTI (sag) = 238.9(102 mm) /1000 = 24.37 kN-m
Stress in concrete for (D+0.5L+PTF(L)),
F M − M PT −238.9 91.06 − 24.33 f = PTI ± D + 0.5 L = ± A S 0.254(0.914) 0.00983 f = −1.029 ± 6.788 f = −7.817(Comp) max, 5.759(Tension) max
Who Are The "Natsarim" The "Christians" The "Catholics" The "Protestants" The "Sabbatarians" - Besorah (Good News) of Yahusha Ha'Mashiach, The Gift of Eternal Life
Who Are The "Natsarim" The "Christians" The "Catholics" The "Protestants" The "Sabbatarians" - Besorah (Good News) of Yahusha Ha'Mashiach, The Gift of Eternal Life
