2140702 – Operating System

Unix shell scripts

1) Write a shell script to scans the name of the command and executes it.
Program :-
echo "enter command name"
read cmd
$cmd

Output :-
enter command name
cal
February 2016
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29

2) Write a shell script Which works like calculator and performs below operations Addition
, Subtract ,Division ,Multiplication
Program :-
i) using if..elif statement
echo " Enter one no."
read n1
echo "Enter second no."
read n2

echo "1.Addition"
echo "2.Subtraction"
echo "3.Multiplication"
echo "4.Division"
echo "Enter your choice"
read ch
if [ $ch = "1" ]
then
sum=`expr $n1 + $n2`
echo "Sum ="$sum
elif [ $ch = "2" ]
then
sum=`expr $n1 - $n2`
echo "Sub = "$sum
elif [ $ch = "3" ]

[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 1

 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

then
sum=`expr $n1 \* $n2`
echo "Mul = "$sum
elif [ $ch = "4" ]
then
sum=`expr $n1 / $n2`
echo "Div = "$sum
fi

Output :-
Enter one no.
32
Enter second no.
12
1.Addition
2.Subtraction
3.Multiplication
4.Division
Enter your choice
2
Sub = 20

ii) using while loop and switch statement

i="y"
while [ $i = "y" ]
do
echo " Enter one no."
read n1
echo "Enter second no."
read n2
echo "1.Addition"
echo "2.Subtraction"
echo "3.Multiplication"
echo "4.Division"
echo "Enter your choice"
read ch
case $ch in
1)sum=`expr $n1 + $n2`
echo "Sum ="$sum;;
2)sum=`expr $n1 - $n2`
echo "Sub = "$sum;;
3)sum=`expr $n1 \* $n2`
[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 2
 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

echo "Mul = "$sum;;

4)sum=`expr $n1 / $n2`
echo "Div = "$sum;;
*)echo "Invalid choice";;
esac
echo "Do u want to continue ? y/n"
read i
if [ $i != "y" ]
then
exit
fi
done

Output :-
Enter one no.
32
Enter second no.
22
1.Addition
2.Subtraction
3.Multiplication
4.Division
Enter your choice
2
Sub = 10
Do u want to continue ? y/n
N

3) Write a shell script to print the pyramid structure for the given number.
Program :-
echo "enter the number"
read n
printf "\n"
for((i=1;i<=$n;i++))
do
for((j=1;j<=$i;j++))
do
printf "$j"
done
printf "\n"
done

[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 3

 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

Output :-
enter the number
4
1
12
123
1234

4) Write a shell script to find the largest among the 3 given numbers.
Program :-
clear
echo "Enter first number: "
read a
echo "Enter second number: "
read b
echo "Enter third number: "
read c

if [ $a -ge $b -a $a -ge $c ]
then
echo "$a is largest integer"
elif [ $b -ge $a -a $b -ge $c ]
then
echo "$b is largest integer"
elif [ $c -ge $a -a $c -ge $b ]
then
echo "$c is largest integer"
fi

Output :-
Enter first number:
22
Enter second number:
33
Enter third number:
42
44 is largest integer

5) Write a shell script to find factorial of given number n.

Program :-
clear
fact=1
[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 4
 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

echo "Enter number to find factorial : "

read n
a=$n
#if enter value less than 0
if [ $n -le 0 ]
then
echo "invalid number"
exit
fi
#factorial logic
while [ $n -ge 1 ]
do
fact=`expr $fact \* $n`
n=`expr $n - 1`
done
echo "Factorial for $a is $fact"

Output :-
Enter number to find factorial :
5
Factorial for 5 is 120

6) Write a shell script to print all prime numbers from 1 to n.

Program :-
clear
echo "enter the range"
read n
echo "the prime no are:"
m=2
while [ $m -le $n ]
do
i=2
flag=0
while [ $i -le `expr $m / 2` ]
do
if [ `expr $m % $i` -eq 0 ]
then
flag=1
break
fi
i=`expr $i + 1`
done
[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 5
 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

if [ $flag -eq 0 ]
then
echo $m
fi
m=`expr $m + 1`
done

Output :-
enter the range
10
the prime no are
2
3
5
7

7) Write a shell script toreverse a number supplied by a user.

Program :-
if [ $# -eq 1 ]
then
if [ $1 -gt 0 ]
then
num=$1
sumi=0
while [ $num -ne 0 ]
do
lnum=`expr $num % 10`
sumi=`expr $sumi \* 10 + $lnum`
num=`expr $num / 10`
done
echo "Reverse of digits is $sumi of $1"
else
echo " Number is less than 0"
fi
else
echo "Insert only one parameter "
fi

Output :-
bash pr81.sh 123
Reverse of digits is 321 of 123

[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 6

 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

8) Write a shell script to find first n Fibonacci numbers like: 0 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 13,…

Program :-
clear
echo "How many number of terms to be generated ?"
read n
x=0
y=1
i=2
echo "Fibonacci Series up to $n terms :"
echo "$x"
echo "$y"
while [ $i -lt $n ]
do
i=`expr $i + 1 `
z=`expr $x + $y `
echo "$z"
x=$y
y=$z
done

Output :-
How many number of terms to be generated?
5
Fibonacci Series up to 5 terms :
0
1
1
2
3

9) Write a shell script to check whether the given number is Perfect or not.
Program :-
echo Enter a number
read no
i=1
ans=0
while [ $i -le `expr $no / 2` ]
do
if [ `expr $no % $i` -eq 0 ]
then
ans=`expr $ans + $i`
fi
[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 7
 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

i=`expr $i + 1`
done
if [ $no -eq $ans ]
then
echo $no is perfect
else
echo $no is NOT perfect
fi

Output :-
Enter a number
6
6 is perfect

Enter a number
10
10 is NOT perfect

10) Write a shell script which displays a list of all files in the current directory to which you
have read, write and execute permissions
Program :-
for File in *
do
if [ -r $File -a -w $File -a -x $File ]
then
echo $File
fi
done

Output :-
Desktop
Documents
Downloads
lab
Music
Pictures
Public
shellscript
Templates
Videos
[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 8
 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

11) Write a shell script that deletes all the files in the current directory which are 0 bytes in
length.
Program :-
clear
find . -name "*" -size -1k –delete
echo “files deleted”

Output :-
files deleted

12) Write a shell script to check whether the given string is Palindrome or not.
Program :-
clear
echo "Enter the string:"
read str
echo
len=`echo $str | wc -c`
len=`expr $len - 1`
i=1
j=`expr $len / 2`
while test $i -le $j
do
k=`echo $str | cut -c $i`
l=`echo $str | cut -c $len`
if test $k != $l
then
echo "String is not palindrome"
exit
fi
i=`expr $i + 1`
len=`expr $len - 1`
done
echo "String is palindrome"

Output :-
Enter the string:
abba
String is palindrome

Enter the string:

abc
String is not palindrome
[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 9
 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

13) Write a shell script to display the digits which are in odd position in a given 5 digit
number
Program :-
echo "Enter a 5 digit number"
read num
n=1
while [ $n -le 5 ]
do
a=`echo $num | cut -c $n`
echo $a
n=`expr $n + 2`
done

Output :-
Enter a 5 digit number
12345
1
3
5

14) Write a shell script tocheck given year is leap year or not.
Program :-
clear
echo "enter any year"
read num
if [ `expr $num % 4` -eq 0 ]
then
if [ `expr $num % 100` -eq 0 -a `expr $num % 400` -ne 0 ]
then
echo "Not a leap year"
else
echo "Leap year "
fi
else
echo "Not a leap year"
fi

Output :-
enter any year
2016
Leap year

[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 10

 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

enter any year

2100
Not a leap year

15) Write a shell script tofind the value of one number raised to the power of another.
Program :-
echo "Input number"
read no
echo "Input power"
read power
counter=0
ans=1
while [ $power -ne $counter ]
do
ans=`echo $ans \* $no | bc`
counter=`echo $counter + 1 | bc`
done
echo "$no power of $power is $ans"
Output :-
Input number
5
Input power
3
5 power of 3 is 125

16) Write a shell script to display the following details in a pay list Pay slip details, House
rent allowance, Dearness allowance, Provident fund. HRA is to be calculated at the rate
of 20% of basic, DA at the rate of 40% of basic and PF at the rate of 10% of basic.
Program :-
i="y"
while [ $i = "y" ]
do
echo "Please enter your Basic:"
read basic
echo "PAY SLIP DETAILS"
echo "1. HOUSE RENT ALLOWANCE"
echo "2. DEARNESS ALLOWANCE"
echo "3. PROVIDENT FUND"
echo "your choice:"
read ch
case $ch in
[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 11
 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

1) hra=`expr $basic \* 20 / 100`

echo Your HOUSE RENT ALLOWANCE is Rs. $hra;;
2) da=`expr $basic \* 40 / 100`
echo Your DEARNESS ALLOWANCE is Rs. $da;;
3) pf=`expr $basic \* 10 / 100`
echo Your PPOVIDENT FUND is Rs. $pf;;
*) echo "Not a valid choice";;
esac
echo "Do u want to continue ?"
read i
if [ $i != "y" ]
then
exit
fi
done

Output :-
Please enter your Basic:
1000
PAY SLIP DETAILS
1. HOUSE RENT ALLOWANCE
2. DEARNESS ALLOWANCE
3. PROVIDENT FUND
your choice:
1
Your HOUSE RENT ALLOWANCE is Rs. 200
Do u want to continue ?

17) Write a shell script to find sum of digits of a number.

Program :-
clear
echo "enter the number"
read n
sum=0
a=$n
while(($n >0))
do
x=`expr $n % 10`
sum=`expr $sum + $x`
n=`expr $n / 10`
done
echo "the sum of $a is $sum"
[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 12
 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

Output :-
enter the number
3355
the sum of 3355 is 16

18) Write a shell script that greets the user by saying Good Morning, Good Afternoon, and
Good Evening according to the system time.
Program :-
clear
#hours=`date|cut -c 12-13`
hours=`date +%H`
if [ $hours -le 12 ]
then
echo "Good Morning"
elif [ $hours -le 16 ]
then
echo "Good Afternoon"
elif [ $hours -le 20 ]
then
echo "Good Evening"
else
echo "Good Night"
fi

Output :-
Good Afternoon
19) Write a shell script to generate mark sheet of a student. Take 3 subjects, calculate and
display total marks, percentage and Class obtained by the student.
Program :-
Clear
echo "Enter the five subject marks for the student"
read s1 s2 s3
sum1=`expr $s1 + $s2 + $s3`
echo "Sum of 5 subjects are: " $sum1
per=`expr $sum1 / 3`
echo " Percentage: " $per
if [ $per -ge 60 ]
then
echo "You get Distinction"
elif [ $per -ge 50 ]
then
echo “You get First class―
[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 13
 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

elif [ $per -ge 40 ]

then
echo "You get Second class"
else
echo "You get Fail"
fi

Output :-
Enter the five subject marks for the student
78 88 92
Sum of 5 subjects are: 258
Percentage: 86
You get Distinction

20) Write a shell script that finds total no. of users and finds out how many of them are
currently logged in.
Program :-
cat /etc/passwd>user.txt
set `wc -l user.txt`
log=`who|wc -l`
echo "There are $1 users in network "
echo "There are $log user loged in right now"
Output :-
There are 49 users in network
There are 2 user loged in right now
21) Write a shell script which checks whether a given user is valid or not
Program :-
read user
echo
echo "Validating the $user ..."
if [ `grep -c $user /etc/passwd` -eq 0 ]
then
echo
echo "ERROR : PLEASE ENTER A VALID USERNAME."
echo "Exiting ..."
else
echo "Valid user "
fi
Output :-
abc
Validating the abc
PLEASE ENTER A VALID USERNAME.
[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 14
 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

Exiting ...

22) Write a shell script that check whether the scanned string is found in a file or not.
Display appropriate message.
Program:-
echo "enter file name"
read f
echo "enter string"
read a;
b=`grep $a $f`;
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
echo character found ;
fi
Output :-
enter file name
f1.txt
enter string
hello
string found
23) Write a shell script to perform operations like compare strings, concatenate strings, find
length of a string, occurrence of word in a string and reverse a string
Program:-
clear
i="y"
a=0
t=0
while [ $i = "y" ]

do
clear
echo "1.Compare 2 strings :"
echo "2.Concatanet string"
echo "3.Find length of string"
echo "4.Occurance of word"
echo "5.Reverse of string"
echo "6.Exit"
echo "Enter your choice"
read ch
case $ch in
1)echo "Enter first String"
read s1
[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 15
 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

echo "Enter second string "

read s2
if [ $s1 = $s2 ]
then
echo "Two strings are equal "else
echo "Two strings are not equal"
fi;;
2)echo "Enter one string "
read s1
echo "Enter second string "
read s2
echo $s1 $s2;;
3)echo "Enter any String"
read s1
t=`echo $s1|wc -c`
t=`expr $t - 1`
echo "Length of "$s1" is "$t;;
4)echo "Enter any String "
read s1
echo "Enter word u want to find occurance of:"
read c1
t=`echo $s1|wc -c`
t=`expr $t - 1`
echo "length "$t
while [ $t -ne 0 ]
do
temp=`echo $s1|cut -c $t`
temp2=`echo $temp2 $temp`
#echo $temp2
if [ $temp2 = $c1 ]
then
a=`expr $a + 1`
t=`expr $t - 1`
else
t=`expr $t - 1`
fi
done
echo "Occurance of "$c1" is "$a;;
5)echo "Enter any string :"
read s1
t=`echo $s1|wc -c`
t=`expr $t - 1`
[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 16
 2140702 – Operating System
Unix shell scripts

echo "length "$t

while [ $t -ne 0 ]
do
temp=`echo $s1|cut -c $t`
echo $temp
temp2=`echo $temp2 $temp`
t=`expr $t - 1`
done
echo $temp2;;
6)exit;;
*)echo "Invalid choice";;
esac
echo "Do u want to continue ?"
read i
if [ $i != "y" ]
then
exit
fi
done
24) Write a Shell Script that Accept filename and displays last modification time if file exists,
otherwise display appropriate message.
Program:-
echo -n "Enter name of the file:"
read filename
if [ -f $filename ]
then
echo 'Last modification time is '`ls -lt $filename | tr -s " " "," | cut -d "," -f7`
else
echo "File not exist"
fi
Output:-
Enter name of the file:
demo.txt
'Last modification time is 08:05

[Asst. Prof. Umesh H. Thoriya] Page 17