PENABUR SECONDARY TANJUNG DUREN

- SEMESTER 1 FINAL EXAM

December 2018

CHEMISTRY Thursday, 06 December 2018

X Sc 1 Duration : 120 min

Read the instructions first

 This paper consists of 16 pages.
 Write your name and your class.
 Write in dark blue or black pen.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Answer all the questions.
 You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers.
 You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
 At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
 The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
 The total number of marks for this paper is 70.

Name :

Class :

Score :

0
Section 1

Multiple choices. Select the option you consider correct and record your choice on
the separate multiple choice question answer sheet.

1 What is the correct number of bonds of each type in the Al2Cl6 molecule?

2 Dicarbon monoxide, C2O, is found in dust clouds in space. The structure of this
molecule is C=C=O. The molecule contains no unpaired electrons.

How many lone pairs of electrons are present in a molecule of C2O?

A 1

B 2

C 3

D 4

3 At room temperature and pressure, H2O is a liquid and H2S is a gas.

What is the reason for this difference?

A O has higher first and second ionization energies than S.

B The covalent bond between O and H is stronger than the covalent bond between
S and H.

C There is significant hydrogen bonding between H2O molecules but not between
H2S molecules.

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 D The VDW forces between H2O molecules are stronger than in H2S molecules.

4 Why is the ionic radius of a chloride ion larger than the ionic radius of a sodium ion?

A A chloride ion has one more occupied electron shell than a sodium ion.

B Chlorine has a higher proton number than sodium.

C Ionic radius increases regularly across the third period.

D Sodium is a metal, chlorine is a non-metal.

5 What will make it more likely that a gas will approach ideal behaviour?

A higher pressure

B lower temperature

C more polar molecules

D weaker intermolecular forces

6 Which isolated gaseous atom has a total of five electrons occupying spherically
shaped orbitals?

A boron

B fluorine

C sodium

D potassium

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7 Carbon and silicon have the same outer electronic structure.

Why is a Si–Si bond weaker than a C–C bond?

A Silicon atoms have a larger atomic radius than carbon atoms.

B Silicon has a greater nuclear charge than carbon.

C Silicon has a smaller first ionisation energy than carbon.

D Silicon is more metallic than carbon

8 0.10 g of the volatile liquid X formed 0.025 dm3 of vapour at 100 °C and atmospheric
pressure. 1 mol of vapour occupies 22.4 dm3 at 0 °C and atmospheric pressure.

What is the relative molecular mass of X?

9 Fluorine and iodine are Group 17 elements. Their melting points are different due to
differing strengths of van der Waals’ forces between molecules.

Which row is correct?

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10 1-chloro-1-methylcyclohexane is shown in the structure below.

What is the charge on this carbon atom in the C-Cl bond?

11 Which series shows molecules in order of increasing bond angle?

12 Solid carbon dioxide, CO2, is similar to solid iodine, I2, in its structure and properties.
Carbon is in Group 14. Silica, SiO2, is a Group 14 compound.

Which statement about solid CO2 and solid SiO2 is correct?

A Both solids exist in a lattice structure.

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 B Both solids have a simple molecular structure.

C Both solids have atoms joined by single covalent bonds.

D Both solids change spontaneously to gas at s.t.p.

13 An article in a science magazine contains the following statement.

‘It is lighter than a feather, stronger than steel, yet incredibly flexible and more
conductive than copper.’

Which form of carbon is being described?

A buckminsterfullerene

B diamond

C graphene

D graphite

14 The first stage in the manufacture of nitric acid is the oxidation of ammonia by oxygen.
wNH3(g) + xO2(g) → yNO(g) + zH2O(g)
Which values for w, x, y and z are needed to balance the equation? A

N2O4 is a poisonous gas. It can be disposed of safely by reaction with sodium

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15 hydroxide.
N2O4(g) + 2NaOH(aq) → NaNO3(aq) + NaNO2(aq) + H2O(l)
What is the minimum volume of 0.5 mol dm–3 NaOH(aq) needed to dispose of 0.02 mol
of N2O4? D
A. 8 cm3 B. 12.5 cm3 C.40 cm3 D. 80 cm3

16 The product of thermal decomposition of an anhydrous Group II metal nitrate are metal
oxide, oxygen gas and NO2 gas. A 5.00 g sample of an anhydrous Group II metal
nitrate loses 3.29 g in mass on strong heating. Which metal is present?B
A. magnesium
B. calcium
C. strontium
D. barium

17 The isotopic composition of an element is indicated below.

What is the relative atomic mass of the element? C

A.10.2 B.10.5 C.10.8 D.11.0

18 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.

Oxides of nitrogen are pollutant gases which are emitted from car exhausts. In urban
traffic, when a car travels one kilometre, it releases 0.23 g of an oxide of nitrogen
NxOy, which occupies 120 cm3. What are the values of x and y?
(Assume 1 mol of gas molecules occupies 24.0 dm3.) B
A. x = 1, y = 1
B. x = 1, y = 2
C. x = 2, y = 1
D. x = 2, y = 4

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19 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.
When a sports medal with a total surface area of 150 cm2 was evenly coated with
silver, using electrolysis, its mass increased by 0.216 g. How many atoms of silver
were deposited per cm2 on the surface of the medal? A
A. 8.0 × 1018
B. 1.8 × 1019
C. 1.2 × 1021
D. 4.1 × 1022

20 Granular urea, CON2H4, can be used to remove NO2 from the flue gases of power
stations, converting it into harmless nitrogen. C

21 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.

Which expression gives the pressure exerted by 1.6 x 10–3 mol of N2 in a container of
volume 3.0 dm3 at 273oC? D

22 Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question. Most modern cars are fitted with
airbags. These work by decomposing sodium azide to liberate nitrogen gas, which
inflates the bag.
2NaN3 → 3N2 + 2Na
A typical driver’s airbag contains 50 g of sodium azide.
Calculate the volume of nitrogen this will produce at room temperature. C
A 9.2 dm3 B 13.9 dm3 C 27.7 dm3 D 72.0 dm3
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 Which substance, in 1 mol dm–3 aqueous solution, would have the same hydrogen ion
23 concentration as 1 mol dm–3 of hydrochloric acid?
A. ethanoic acid
B. nitric acid
C. sodium hydroxide
D. sulphuric acid

A pure hydrocarbon is used in bottled gas for cooking and heating. When 10 cm 3 of the
24 hydrocarbon is burned in 70 cm3 of oxygen (an excess), the final gaseous mixture
contains 30 cm3 of carbon dioxide and 20 cm3 of unreacted oxygen. All gaseous
volumes were measured under identical conditions. What is the formula of the
hydrocarbon?C
A. C2H6 B. C3H6 C. C3H8 D. C4H10

The mass of element X found in 1.00 mole of each of four different compounds is 28.0
25 g, 42.0 g, 56.0 g, and 70 g,respectively. The possible atomic weight of X is
A. 8.00
B. 14.0
C. 28.0
D. 38.0

The reaction N2(g) + 2O2(g) → N2O4(g) takes place in a closed flask. The initial amount
26 of N2(g) is 8 mole, and that of O2(g) is 12 mole. There is no N2O4(g) initially present.
The experiment is carried out at constant temperature. What is the total amount of
mole of all substances in the container when the amount of N2O4(g) reaches 6 mole?
A. 0 mole
B. 2 mole
C. 6 mole
D. 8 mole

Elemental phosphorus can be produced by the reduction of phosphate minerals in an

27 electric furnace.
2Ca3(PO4)2 + 10C + 6SiO2 → P4 + 6CaSiO3 + 10CO
What mass of carbon would be required to produce 0.2 mol of P4 in the presence of 1
mol of calcium phosphate and 3 mol of silicon dioxide?
A. 2 g
B. 12 g
C. 24 g
D. 60 g

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 Calculate the mass of hydrogen formed when 27 g of aluminum reacts with excess
28 hydrochloric acid according to the balanced equation below.
2Al + 6HCl → 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2
A. 1.5 g
B. 2.0 g
C. 3.0 g
D. 6.0 g
For each of the questions in this section,

one or more of the three numbered statements 1 to 3 may be correct.

Decide whether each of the statements is or is not correct (you may find it helpful to put a
tick against the statements that you consider to be correct).

The responses A to D should be selected on the basis of

No other combination of statements is used as a correct response.

29 What are basic assumptions of the kinetic theory as applied to an ideal gas?

1 Gas particles are in continuous random motion.

2 Gas particles experience no intermolecular forces.

3 The volume of each gas particle is zero.

30 Which molecules have an overall dipole moment?

1 carbon monoxide, CO

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 2 phosphine, PH3

3 carbon dioxide, CO2

Section 2

Structured Questions. Answer directly in the space provided.

1. Draw a dot-and-cross diagram of the ammonium ion, NH4+.

Show the outer electrons only.

Use the following code for your electrons.

• electrons from nitrogen

× electrons from hydrogen

[2]

State the shape of an ammonium ion and give the H–N–H bond angle.

shape
...................................................................................................................................

bond angle
...........................................................................................................................

[2]

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2. Complete the table to show the composition and identity of some atoms and ions.

3. The fifth to eighth ionisation energies of three elements in the third period of the
Periodic Table are given. The symbols used for reference are not the actual symbols
of the elements.

i. State and explain the group number of element Y.

group number ...............................

explanation
................................................................................................................

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 ................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................[1]

ii. State and explain the general trend in first ionisation energies across
the third period.
................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................... [2]

iii. Complete the electronic configuration of element X.

1s2
................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................... [1]

4. State two of the assumptions of the kinetic theory as applied to an inert gas.
...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................[2]

5. Use of the Data Booklet is relevant in this question.

The ideal gas equation is pV = nRT. Explain as fully as you can the meaning of the

following terms, and give the units for each to correspond with the value of R given in

the Data Booklet.

(i) p
................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

(ii) V

...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

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 (iii) T

................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................[4]

6. When an evacuated glass bulb of volume 63.8 cm3 is filled with a gas at 24 °C and
99.5 kPa, the mass increases by 0.103 g. Using the ideal gas law, deduce whether
the gas is ammonia (NH3), nitrogen (N2) or argon (Ar).

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................[2]

7. Sulphur and chlorine can be reacted together to form disulphur dichloride, S2Cl2.
Disulphur dichloride, S2Cl2, is decomposed by water forming sulphur and a mixture of
hydrochloric acid and H2SO3. When 2.7 g of S2Cl2 is reacted with an excess of water,
0.96 g of sulphur, S, is produced.
a. What is the amount, in moles, of S2Cl2 present in 2.7 g?
...........................................................................................................................................[1]
b. What is the amount, in moles, of S produced from 1.0 mol of S2Cl2?
...........................................................................................................................................[2]
c. Construct a balanced equation for the reaction of S2Cl2 with water.
...........................................................................................................................................[2]

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 8. Titanium reacts with chlorine. When an excess of chlorine was reacted with 0.72 g of
titanium, 2.85 g of a titanium chloride (TixCly) A was formed.
a. Calculate the amount, in moles, of titanium used.

[1]
b. Calculate the mass and moles of chlorine atoms that reacted.(Hints: Law of
Conservation of Mass)

[2]
c. Hence, determine the empirical formula of A.

[2]
d. Construct a balanced equation for the reaction between titanium and chlorine.

..................................................................................................................................
[1]

Nov 2009
9. Magnesium, Mg, and radium, Ra, are elements in Group II of the Periodic Table.
Magnesium has three isotopes.
a. Explain the meaning of the term isotope.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................ [1]
A sample of magnesium has the following isotopic composition by mass.
isotope mass 24 25 26
% by mass 78.60 10.11 11.29

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 b. Calculate the relative atomic mass, Ar, of magnesium to four significant figures.

Ar = ………………
[2]

2010 p22
10. The unsaturated hydrocarbon ethyne (acetylene), C2H2, is widely used in ‘oxy-
acetylene torches’ for cutting and welding metals. In the torch, ethyne is burned in
oxygen to produce a flame with a temperature of 3400 K.
a. When used for cutting or welding, ethyne is transported in cylinders which contain the
gas under pressure. A typical cylinder has a volume of 76 dm3 and contains ethyne
gas at 1515 kPa pressure at a temperature of 25 °C. Use the general gas equation,
pV = nRT, to calculate the amount, in moles, of ethyne in this cylinder.

...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
[2]
b. In some countries, ethyne is manufactured from calcium carbide, CaC2, which is
produced by heating quicklime and coke together at 2300 K.
CaO + 3C → CaC2 + CO
When water is added to the CaC2, calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, and ethyne, C2H2,
are produced.
(i) Construct a balanced equation for the formation of ethyne from calcium carbide.

..................................................................................................................................[2]
(ii) Use this equation and your answer to part (a) to calculate the mass of CaC2 which will
react with an excess of water to produce enough ethyne to fill 100 cylinders of the
gas.

.............................................................................................................................................

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.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
[2]

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