Compendium of Practical Procedures: COPA, Semester-1

Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)

Procedures for Practical Work

Computer Operator and
Programming Assistant (COPA),
Semester 1
By V.Nagaradjane

2018

Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision) | COPA, Semester-1 1
Email: [email protected]
 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

Ex. No.1
Date: 07.08.2017
AIM: Identification of externally visible computer components

PROCEDURE:
1) Look at the computer and its macro-components. Identify the following
components:
a. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
b. Monitor (Light Emitting Diode LED/ Liquid Crystal Display LCD/
Cathode Ray Tube CRT) – size 10”, 15.6”, 20”, etc. diagonal size.
c. Mouse – Left, right and centre buttons. Centre button is a roller.
d. Keyboard – 107 keys; US International layout.
e. Power button of CPU.
f. Reset button of CPU.

2) Look at the back panel of the Central Processing Unit. Identify the
following components:

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a. Personal System/2 (PS/2) port – for keyboard and mouse – 2

ports
b. Universal Serial Bus (USB) – version 2 or 3 (USB2 or USB3).
c. Recommended Standard 232 (RS-232) or Serial Port or COM port
– for duplex communication. Previously used for mouse, MODEM,
etc. It has 9 pins arranged in 2 rows (5+4 pins)
d. Line Print Terminal (LPT) or Parallel Port or Centronics 36 port –
for old type printers.
e. Video Graphics Array (VGA) port – for monitor; It connects to DE-
15 connector. 15 pins are arranged in 3 rows of 5 pins each.
f. Registered Jack 45 (RJ45) or Ethernet port or LAN port – For
broadband or Local Area Network (LAN) connection.
g. Registered Jack 11 (RJ11) – Similar in shape to RJ45 but smaller in
size. Used for connecting telephone line or other communication
lines.
h. Digital Visual Interface (DVI) – Video output port for monitor.
i. Audio input/ output jacks – 3 numbers
i. Microphone Jack (3.5mm) - Left side port of the 3 jacks of
3.5mmm size.
ii. Audio Output Jack (3.5mm) – Centre port of the 3 jacks of
3.5mmm size.
iii. Line Input Jack (3.5mm) – Jack for input of audio signal
from a device like radio.
j. High Definition Media Interface (HDMI) port – for high quality
video signal output for monitor, projector, etc.
k. Game Port – For connecting Joystick.
3) Identify the following buttons in mouse:
a. Left button
b. Right button
c. Centre button cum scroll button
4) Identify the following Special buttons on Keyboard:
a. Space bar – The longest button at the bottom centre of keyboard.
b. Ctrl (Control) – Placed on both ends of keyboard.
c. Alt (Meta) – Placed on both ends of space bar.
d. Shift – Placed at both ends of keyboard. It toggles Capital letter
and helps to type symbols above numbers.
e. Enter – Placed at right end of primary group and at the bottom of
number lock.
f. Caps lock – Toggles capital letters on or off.
g. Tab – Inserts a tab character.

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h. Left, Right, Up and Down arrows - Between primary key group

and number lock.
i. Insert, Delete, Home, End, Page Up & Page Down – Placed above
arrow keys.
j. Print Screen, Scroll Lock & Pause/Break – Placed at the top right
of keyboard.
k. Function keys F1 to F12 – 12 function keys are placed at topmost
row of keyboard.
l. Esc – Placed at the top left of keyboard.
Ex. No.2
Date: 08.08.2017
AIM: Identifying internal components of Computer
Procedure:
Identify the following components inside the CPU
1) Hard Disk Drive: the device used for storage of large amount of data. It
is a secondary storage (Data stored in it is available even after reboot).
2) Optical Drive/ CD Drive / DVD Drive: Optical drive is used to read and
write CD or DVD.
3) SATA: Serial Advanced Technology Attachment.
4) PATA: Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment.
5) Floppy Disk Drive: Obsolete. It was used to read floppy disk.
6) RAM: Random Access Memory
7) CMOS: Complementary Metal Oxide Semi-Conductor memory.
8) CMOS Battery: CR2032 battery for CMOS
9) Processor: The micro-processor chip.

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Ex. No.3
Date: 09.08.2017
AIM: Working with MS Paint
Procedure:
1) Open MS Paint. Press Windows+R. Type mspaint and press enter.
2) MS Paint is opened. Resize the canvas to suit the size of your drawing.
3) MS Paint contains File, Home and View menus.
4) To access the items contained in the File menu, click File or Press Alt+F.
Following items are available under File menu:
a. New (Ctrl+N or Alt+F+N)
b. Open (Ctrl+O or Alt+F+O)
c. Save (Ctrl+S or Alt+F+S)
d. Print (Ctrl+P or Alt+F+P)
e. From Scanner or Camera (Alt+F+M)
f. Send in Email (Alt+F+D)
g. Set as Desktop Background (Alt+F+B)
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h. Properties (Alt+F+E)
i. About Paint (Alt+F+T)
j. Exit (Alt+F+X)
5) Home (Alt+H) menu in MS Paint has the following items:
a. Paste (Ctrl+V or Alt+H+V+P or Alt+H+V+F)
b. Cut (Ctrl+X or Alt+H+X)
c. Copy (Ctrl+C or Alt+H+C)
d. Select (Alt+H+SE)
i. Rectangle selection (Alt+H+SE+R)
ii. Freeform selection (Alt+H+SE+F)
iii. Select All (Ctrl+A or Alt+H+SE+A)
iv. Invert selection (Alt+H+SE+I)
v. Transparent selection (Alt+H+SE+T)
e. Crop (Alt+H+RP)
f. Resize (Alt+H+RE)
g. Rotate (Alt+H+RO)
i. Rotate Right 90o (Alt+H+RO+R)
ii. Rotate Left 90o (Alt+H+RO+L)
iii. Rotate 180o (Alt+H+RO+T)
iv. Flip Vertical (Alt+H+RO+V)
v. Flip Horizontal (Alt+H+RO+H)
h. Pencil (Alt+H+P)
i. Fill tool (Alt+H+K)
j. Text tool (Alt+H+T)
k. Eraser (Alt+H+ER)
l. Color picker (Alt+H+D)
m. Zoom (Alt+H+M)
n. Brushes (Alt+H+B)
o. Shapes (Alt+H+SH)
p. Outline (Alt+H+O)
q. Fill (Alt+H+J)
r. Size (Alt+H+SZ)
s. Color 1 (Alt+H+1)
t. Color 2 (Alt+H+2)
u. Edit Color (Alt+H+EC)
6) View menu (Alt+V) contains the following items:
a. Zoom In (Alt+V+I)
b. Zoom Out (Alt+V+O)
c. Zoom 100% (Alt+V+M)
d. Rulers (Alt+V+R)
e. Gridlines (Alt+V+G)
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f. Status bar (Alt+V+S)

g. Full screen (Alt+V+F)
h. Thumbnail (Alt+V+T)
7) Save your drawing using File->Save or pressing Ctrl+S or Alt+F+S.

Ex. No.4
Date: 10.08.2017
AIM: Identifying power output cables from Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS)
Procedure:
1) Open the left panel of the CPU.
2) Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS) is located at the top rear. It converts
Alternating Current (AC) input to Direct Current (DC) output.
3) SMPS output voltage may be in the range of 12V to 15V at 0.5A current.

Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS)

SMPS Power Cables

4) The main power connectors are:
a. 4 Pin peripheral power connector cable/ PATA power cable
b. 4 pin main power cable (connects to the motherboard)
c. 6 pin aux power cable (connects to the mother board)
d. Floppy Drive power cable
e. SATA Power cable
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 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

f. 20 pin main power cable (connects to the mother board)

g. 4 pin (PATA power) to SATA power convertors (if required)
5) Connect each cable to specified location. Keenly watch the pin details.

Ex. No.5
Date: 14.08.2017
AIM: Connecting peripheral units to CPU
Procedure:
1) Take the following items along with the CPU:
a. 2 power connectors
b. VGA cable
c. Keyboard (USB or PS/2)
d. Mouse (USB or PS/2)
e. Printer, scanner, if any. (USB)
2) Connect the keyboard to the USB slot or PS/2 slot. Note that USB cable
can be inserted only when the opening in the cable matches with the
stem of the port. In case of PS/2, ensure that the large stem in the cable
matches the large slot in the port.
3) Connect mouse (similar to keyboard).
4) Connect the VGA Cable to the back panel VGA (or HDMI) port. In case
there is are 2 VGA ports, connect to the active port from Graphics
memory.
5) Connect the other end of the VGA (or HDMI) cable to the VGA slot in the
monitor.
6) Connect the power cable to the SMPS power port of the CPU.
7) Connect the other power cable to the monitor.
8) Connect the free ends of both power cables to a power source
supported by Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS).
9) Power on the UPS.
10) Power on the CPU and verify that the computer works.
Ex. No.6
Date: 14.08.2017
AIM: Creating text files and HTML files using Notepad
Procedure:
1) Open notepad (either press Windows+R, type notepad, press Enter or
choose Windows->All Apps->Windows Accessories->Notepad).
2) Type the following content:
The list of my classmates at ITI is:
X
Y

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3) Save this file by pressing Ctrl+S. Type <your_name>-ex-6.txt in the name

box. Press Save button.
4) Press Ctrl+N. If Notepad displays dialog with the options Save, Don’t
Save or Discard, press Save button. Notepad displays blank window for
new document.
5) Type the following content.
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to COPA Trade</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to COPA Trade</h1>
</body>
</html>
6) Press Ctrl+S (or choose File->Save from menu). Select “All Files” against
Save as type (default is Text document *.txt). Enter <your-name>-ex-
6.html in the File name box.
7) Press Enter key or press Save button to save the file.
8) Open Windows Explorer by pressing Windows+E.
9) Select Documents folder.
10) Double click the HTML document you created using notepad.
11) Verify whether a web browser displays welcome message.

12) Menu structure of Notepad is:

a. File (Alt+F)
i. New (Ctrl+N, Alt+F+N)
ii. Open (Ctrl+O, Alt+F+O)
iii. Save (Ctrl+S, Alt+F+S)
iv. Save As (Alt+F+A)
v. Page Setup (Alt+F+U)
vi. Print (Ctrl+P, Alt+F+P)
vii. Exit
b. Edit
i. Undo (Ctrl+Z)
ii. Cut (Ctrl+X), Copy (Ctrl+C), Paste (Ctrl+V), Delete (Del)
iii. Find (Ctrl+F), Find Next (F3), Replace (Ctrl+H), Go to (Ctrl+G)
iv. Select All (Ctrl+A)
v. Time (F5)
c. Format
i. Wordwrap
ii. Font
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d. View
i. Status Bar (Alt+V+S)
e. Help
i. View Help (Alt+H+H)
ii. About Notepad (Alt+H+A)
Ex. No.7
Date: 17.08.2017
AIM: Typing and saving Tamil (UNICODE) text using Notepad
Procedure:
1) Open Azhagi+ from the Desktop. Leave it running.
2) Open notepad (either press Windows+R, type notepad, press Enter or
choose Windows->All Apps->Windows Accessories->Notepad).
3) Set the font type to any UNICODE font (Calibri, Arial Unicode MS, Latha,
Nirmala, etc.).
4) Type Alt+3 in the Notepad Window to toggle from English to Tamil or
vice versa. Azhagi+ switches English and Tamil typing modes.
5) For composing Tamil text, use phonetic spelling, e.g., type thamiz for
தமி and type thirukkuRaL for தி ற .
6) Compose the following text in Tamil:
அதிகார : க வி
இய : அரசிய
பா : ெபா பா
க க கசடற க பைவ க றபி
நி க அத தக
எ ெண ப ஏைன ெய ெத ப இ விர
க ெண ப வா உயி
க ைடய ெர பவ க ேறா க திர
ைடய க லா தவ
உவ ப தைல உ ள பிாித
அைன ேத லவ ெதாழி
உைடயா இ லா ேபா ஏ க க றா
கைடயேர க லா தவ
ெதா டைன மண ேகணி மா த
க றைன அறி
யாதா டாடாமா ஊராமா எ ெனா வ

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சா ைண க லாத வா
ஒ ைம க தா ன ற க வி ஒ வ
ெக ைம ஏமா ைட
தாமி வ லகி ற க
கா வ க றறி தா
ேக வி ெச வ க வி ெயா வ
மாட ல ம ைற யைவ
7) Save this file by pressing Ctrl+S. Type <your_name>-ex-7.txt in the name
box. Set the Encoding to Unicode (otherwise, Tamil characters will not
be saved).
8) Press Save button.
9) Following are the phonetic shortcuts for Tamil letters.
அ–a ஆ – aa or A இ–i ஈ – ii or I உ–u ஊ – uu or U
எ–e ஏ – ae ஐ – ai ஒ–o ஓ – oa or O ஔ-au; ஃ-q
க – ka கா – kaa/ kA கி – ki கீ – kii/ kI - ku – kuu/ kU
ெக – ke ேக – kae/kE ைக – kai ெகா – ko ேகா – koa/ kO ெகௗ – kau
ங – nGa ஙா – nGaa/nGA ஙி – nGi – nGI – nGu – nGuu/ nGU
ெங – nGe ேங – nGee/ nGE ைங – nGai ெஙா-nGo ேஙா – nGO ெஙௗ – nGau
ச – sa சா – saa/ sA சி – si சீ – sii/ sI – su – suu
ெச – se ேச – sae/ sE ைச – sai ெசா – so ேசா – sO/ soa ெசௗ – sau
ஞ – gna ஞா – gnaa/gnA ஞி – gni ஞீ – gnI – gnu – gnU
ெஞ – gne ேஞ - gnE ைஞ – gnai ெஞா-gno ேஞா-gnO ெஞௗ-gnau
ட – da/ ta டா – dA/ aA – di/ ti -dI/tI – du/ tu – dU/ tU
ெட– de/te ேட - dE/ tE ைட – dai/tai ெடா- ேடா-dO/tO ெடௗ-dau/tau
do/to
ண-Na ணா - Naa/ NA ணி – Ni ணீ-Nii/ NI – Nu -Nuu/ NU
ெண-Ne ேண - Nae/ NE ைண-Nai ெணா-No ேணா-NO ெணௗ-Nau
த–dha/tha தா – thA தி – thi தீ – thI - thu – thU
ெத-the ேத – thE ைத-thai ெதா-tho ேதா-thO ெதௗ-thau
ந – nha நா – nhA நி – nhi நீ – nhI - nhu – nhU
ெந – nhe ேந – nhE ைந-nhai ெநா-nho ேநா-nhO ெநௗ-nhau
ப – pa பா - paa பி – pi – pI – pu – pU
ெப – pe ேப – pE ைப-pai ெபா-po ேபா-pO ெபௗ-pau
ம-ma மா – mA மி - mi மீ - mI – mu – mU
ெம – me ேம – mE ைம – mai ெமா – mo ேமா – mO ெமௗ – mau
ய – ya யா – yA யி – yi – yI – yu – yU
ெய – ye ேய – yE ைய – yai ெயா – yo ேயா – yO ெயௗ – yau
ர – ra ரா – rA ாி – ri ாீ – rI – ru – rU
ெர – re ேர – rE ைர – rai ெரா – ro ேரா – rO ெரௗ – rau

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ல – la லா – lA – li – lii/lI – lu – lU
ெல – le ேல – lE ைல – lai ெலா – lo ேலா – lO ெலௗ – lau
வ – va வா – vA வி – vi – vI – vu – vU
ெவ – ve ேவ – vE ைவ – vai ெவா – vo ேவா – vO ெவௗ – vau
ழ – za ழா – zA ழி – zi ழீ – zI – zu – zU
ெழ – ze ேழ – zE ைழ – zai ெழா – zo ேழா – zO ெழௗ – zau
ள – La ளா – LA ளி – Li ளீ – LI – Lu – LU
ெள – Le ேள – LE ைள –Lai ெளா – Lo ேளா – LO ெளௗ –Lau
ற - - Ra றா – RA றி – Ri றீ - RI – Ru – RU
ெற – Re ேற – RE ைற –Rai ெறா – Ro ேறா – RO ெறௗ –Rau
ன – nHa னா – nHA னி – nHi னீ – nHI - nHu – nHU
ென – nHe ேன – nHE ைன - nHai ெனா-nHo ேனா – nHO ெனௗ – nHau
–j -S – sh -h - ksh – sri

Ex. No.8
Date: 17.08.2017
AIM: Using Find and Replace in Notepad
Procedure:
1) Open notepad (either press Windows+R, type notepad, press Enter or
choose Windows->All Apps->Windows Accessories->Notepad).
2) Type the following text:
i. Tim Berners-Lee
ii. Leonard Kleinrock
iii. Blaise Pascal
iv. Charles Babbage
v. Konrad Zuse
vi. Stev Wozniak
vii. Stev Jobs
viii. Ada Lovelace
ix. John Atanasoff
x. Alan Turing
xi. Bill Gates
xii. Richard Stallman
xiii. Linus Torvalds
xiv. James Gosling
xv. Ken Thompson
xvi. Dennis Ritchie
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xvii. Brian Kernighan

xviii. Rob Pike
xix. Bill Joy
xx. Marc Anderson

3) Press Ctrl+F (Edit->Find) to start search. Enter the phrase for search (say
Jo). Press Enter or Search button. The first occurrence of given phrase
(Jobs) is highlighted.
4) To seach again for the same phrase, press F3. The next occurrence
(John) is highlighted.
5) The first name Stev is wrong. It should have been Steve. To make
correction, use Replace facility in Notepad.
6) To open Replace dialog, press Ctrl+H (Edit->Replace) in Notepad. Enter
Stev against Find what and Steve against Replace with. Press Replace or
Replace All buttons to make the corrections to the names of Steve
Wozniak and Steve Jobs.
7) To go to a particular line number, press Ctrl+G (Edit->Go To). Enter line
number. Press Enter or Ok button to place the cursor in the specified
line.

Ex. No.9
Date: 17.08.2017
AIM: Typing practice in Notepad
PROCEDURE:
1) Open notepad (either press Windows+R, type notepad, press Enter or
choose Windows->All Apps->Windows Accessories->Notepad).
2) Type the following text for 50 lines (Calibri, 12 point size):
asdfjf ;lkjhj asdfjf ;lkjhj asdfjf ;lkjhj asdfjf ;lkjhj asdfjf ;lkjhj asdfjf ;lkjhj asdfjf
;lkjhj
3) Type the following text for 50 lines (Calibri, 12 point size):
awerqfa ;oiupj awerqfa ;oiupj awerqfa ;oiupj awerqfa ;oiupj
4) Type the following text for 50 lines (Calibri, 12 point size):
gftfrf hjyjuj gftfrf hjyjuj gftfrf hjyjuj gftfrf hjyjuj gftfrf hjyjuj gftfrf hjyjuj
5) Type the following text for 50 lines (Calibri, 12 point size):
azxcvf lkmnbj azxcvf lkmnbj azxcvf lkmnbj azxcvf lkmnbj azxcvf lkmnbj
6) Type the following text for 50 lines (Calibri, 12 point size):
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcba

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7) Type the following words:

ask fad alas asks jag fag glass fall hash glad sags galls
halls
salad has lad sad gall gash shall fish rails sales agile legal
jails
apple reader roses rupee squeal dislike hedgegrass joker
fails walks usual liked orders drawl follow lease sledge
peak

amazed except journal violet becoming gracious thousand

January February March April May June July August
September October November December point child children
rate
mate fate loot shoot sheet feet meet cot fat rat gate late
meat

man van sane insane cane moon fan lane mane tan lean
peen
lawn gone phone loan moan shown lawn don fun ten
men
trap sap nap leap keep soap pop peep reap rope lope tape
gap
read seed feed road God mad pod lead head load fade mode
shade
Ex. No.10
Date: 22.08.2017
AIM: Creating a leave letter document using Wordpad.
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Wordpad by choosing Start->All apps->Wordpad (or press
Windows+R, type WRITE and press enter key).
2) Choose Blue colour for font, Bold & Underline style, centre alignment, 14
points for font size, single line spacing and remove the tick mark in front
of add 10 points after paragraph. Type LEAVE LETTER.
3) Press Enter.
4) Choose left alignment (Ctrl+L), 14 point size, blue color and type the
following:
From
<Your name>,
COPA, I-Semester,
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Govt. ITI for Women,

Puducherry.
To
The Class Teacher,
COPA Trade,
Govt. ITI for Women,
Puducherry.
5) Set red color, set 1.5 lines spacing and type the following:
Sir,
As I am suffering from fever, I request you to kindly grant me 2 days of
Leave on 23.08.2017 and 24.08.2017 please.
Thanking you,
Yours obediently

<Your name>
Place: Puducherry
Date: 22.08.2017
6) Save the letter in a file named <your_name>-Ex-10.rtf.
7) The default extension for files created using Wordpad is .rtf (Rich Text
Format (RTF)).
Ex. No.11
Date: 22.08.2017
AIM: Menu structure of Wordpad.
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Wordpad by choosing Start->All apps->Wordpad (or press
Windows+R, type WRITE and press enter key).
2) The menu layout of Wordpad is given below:
a. File (Alt+F)
i. New (Ctrl+N or Alt+F+N)
ii. Open (Ctrl+O or Alt+F+O)
iii. Save (Ctrl+S or Alt+F+S)
iv. Save As (Alt+F+A)
v. Print (Ctrl+P or Alt+F+P)
1. Print (Alt+F+R+P)
2. Quick Print (Alt+F+R+Q)
3. Print preview (Alt+F+R+V)
vi. Page Setup (Alt+F+G)
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vii. Send by Email (Alt+F+D)

viii. About Wordpad (Alt+F+T)
ix. Exit (Alt+F+X)
b. Home
i. Paste (Alt+H+V)
ii. Cut (Alt+H+T)
iii. Copy (Clt+H+C)
iv. Font name (Alt+H+F1)
v. Bold (Alt+H+B or Ctrl+B)
vi. Italic (Alt+H+I or Ctrl+I)
vii. Underline (Alt+H+U or Ctrl+U)
viii. Strikethrough (Alt+H+X)
ix. Subscript (Alt+H+A1)
x. Superscript (Alt+H+Y)
xi. Text Highlight Color (Ctrl+H+H)
xii. Font Color (Alt+H+C2)
xiii. Left align (Ctrl+L or Alt+H+AL)
xiv. Centre align (Ctrl+E or Alt+H+AC)
xv. Right align (Ctrl+R or Alt+H+AR)
xvi. Justify align (Ctrl+J or Alt+H+AJ)
xvii. Paragraph (Alt+H+PG)
xviii. Picture (Alt+H+PI)
xix. Drawing (Alt+H+W)
xx. Insert date (Alt+H+D)
xxi. Insert Object (Alt+H+O)
xxii. Find (Ctrl+F or Alt+H+FD)
xxiii. Replace (Ctrl+H or Alt+H+R)
xxiv. Select All (Ctrl+A or Alt+H+SA)
c. View (Alt+V)
i. Zoom In (Alt+V+I)
ii. Zoom Out (Alt+V+O)
iii. 100% (Alt+V+J)
iv. Ruler (Alt+V+R)
v. Status Bar (Alt+V+S)
vi. Word wrap (Alt+V+W)
vii. Measurement Units (Alt+V+M)
Ex. No.12
Date: 23.08.2017
AIM: Creating an RTF document with bullet list, numbered list and picture
PROCEDURE:

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1) Open Wordpad by choosing Start->All apps->Wordpad (or press

Windows+R, type WRITE and press enter key).
2) Choose Centre alignment (Ctrl+E or Alt+H+AC), set font size to 16, font
style to bold, font colour to red. Type the following:
GEOMETRICAL SHAPES

3) Set font size to 14 points, font colour to blue, left align (Ctrl+L or
Alt+H+AL). Type the following:
List of Geometrical Shapes
4) Choose Start a List (Alt+H+L) from the Home menu. Select numbered list
and type the following (note that new numbers are automatically
inserted on pressing enter key):
1. Triangle
2. Square
3. Rectangle
4. Circle

5) Choose font size of 14 points, left alignment (Ctrl+L or Alt+H+AL) and

type the following:
Shapes enlisted above are drawn as follows:

6) Press Windows+R, type “mspaint” and press Enter to open paint.

7) Draw a triangle. Save the file (Ctrl+S). Provide <your_name>-triangle.png
to the file.
8) Similarly draw square, rectangle and circle using Paint program. Save
them in <your_name>-square.png, <your_name>-rectangle.png and
<your_name>-circle.png respectively.
9) Close MSPAINT.
10) From the home menu of WordPad, choose Picture (Alt+H+PI).
Choose the drawing file containing triangle. The triangle is inserted in
the wordpad document.
11) Set centre alignment (Ctrl+E). Type Triangle below the shape.
12) Follow the same procedure to insert square, rectangle and circle
to the file. Save the file (Ctrl+S) in the name <your_name>-Ex-12.rtf.
Ex. No.13
Date: 24.08.2017
AIM: Working with Windows Desktop.
PROCEDURE:

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Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

1) Open start menu in Windows by pressing Start icon using mouse or

pressing Windows key or Ctrl+Esc on keyboard.
2) To navigate through the Windows menu, press left, right, top and
bottom arrows in keyboard or move the mouse.
3) To select an item, press enter key from keyboard or click on the item
using left button of mouse.
4) Each program has a Title bar at top.
5) Generally, the File, Save, Undo and Redo buttons appear at the left
end of the title bar.
6) Iconify (-)/ Maximize or Minimize (square) and Close (X) buttons are
placed at the right end of the title bar.
7) Status bar of a Window appears at the bottom.
8) Vertical scroll Bars appear at the right end of window.
9) Horizontal scroll bars appear at the bottom of window.
10) To minimize all programs or view the Desktop, press Windows+M.
To restore all minimized windows, press Windows+Shift+M.
11) To view the desktop when many programs are open, press
Windows+D.
12) To navigate between several programs, press Alt+Tab. Release
Alt+Tab when the required program is highlighted.
13) To make a screenshot, press Prt Scr button in keyboard. The
screen contents are copied to clipboard. Open any program (mspaint,
winword, etc.), press Ctrl+V and get the screenshot.
14) To save the screenshot in a file, press Window+Prt Scr. The
screenshot is saved in the Pictures folder in a file identified by the
date and time of the screenshot.
15) To move between different icons on the desktop, use arrow keys
in keyboard or move the mouse. To open the icon, press enter key or
left click the icon.
16) To open Context Menu, press Shift+F10 or menu key in the
keyboard or Right Click.
17) To share the display between computer monitor and projector,
Windows+P in the keyboard.
18) Press F1 to open help for any program.
19) When a program is open, press Alt+F4 to close a program.
20) When no program is open, press Alt+F4, followed by enter key to
shutdown or restart the computer.
21) To cycle through screen elements of a Window, press F6.
22) To close an inner window or document, press Ctrl+F4.
23) To display System menu for active window, press Alt+Spacebar.

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24) To change keyboard layout (United Kingdom, United State

Internation, etc.), press Windows+Spacebar.
25) To display properties for selected item, press Alt+Enter or Right
click using mouse, select Properties.
26) To activate menu bar, press F10.
27) To refresh the display, press F5 or Right Click on an empty space in
the desktop, choose Refresh.
28) To open Windows Explorer, press Windows+E.
29) To search for files or folders, press Windows+F.
30) To display Windows help, press Windows+F1.
31) To lock the display, press Windows+L.
32) To open run dialog, press Windows+R.
33) To enable/ disable high contrast, press Left Alt+Left Shift+Prt Scr
keys.
34) To display process manager, press Ctrl+Shift+Esc.

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 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

Shortcuts for Windows Desktop

No. Shortcut Purpose
1 Windows key or Ctrl+Esc Start menu
2 Windows+M Minimize all windows
3 Windows+Shift+M Restore/ Maximize all windows
4 Windows+D Show desktop
5 Alt+Tab Select between different programs
6 Prt Scr Copy screen to clipboard
7 Window+Prt Scr Save screenshot to Pictures folder
8 Shift+F10 or Menu key Show context menu
9 Windows+P Share display with projector
10 F1 Help
11 Windows+F1 Windows Help
12 Alt+F4 Close window; Shutdown if no window is open
13 Ctrl+F4 Close current document
14 F6 Cycle through screen elements
15 Alt+Space bar Change keyboard layout
16 Alt+Enter Properties
17 F10 Activate menu
18 F5 Refresh
19 Windows+E Windows Explorer
20 Windows+L Lock screen
21 Windows+R Run dialog
22 Left Alt+Left Shift+Prt Scr Enable/ disable high contrast
23 Ctrl+Shift+Esc Task Manager

Ex. No.14
Date: 28.08.2017
AIM: Working with Windows File Explorer (or My Computer)
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Windows File Explorer, choose Start->All apps->Windows System-
>File Explorer (or press Windows+E).
2) The left side panel of File Explorer contains the following items:
a. Quick Access
b. This PC - Desktop, Documents, Downloads, Music, Pictures, Videos,
Local Disk (C:), Local Disk (D:), etc., Network, Home Group
3) On clicking any of the items enlisted in 2.a or 2.b, the right side starts to
display contents of that particular location.
4) To pin a folder to quick access, choose Home->Pin to Quick Access (or
press Alt+H+PI).
5) To Copy selected file, choose Home->Copy (or press Ctrl+C or Alt+H+CO).
6) To Cut selected file, choose Home->Cut (or press Ctrl+X or Alt+H+T).
7) To Paste file, choose Home->Paste (or press Ctrl+V or Alt+H+V).
8) To Copy the path of selected file, choose Home->Copy Path (or press
Alt+H+CP).
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9) To paste shortcut to file (not the entire file), choose Home->Paste

Shortcut (or press Alt+H+PS).
10) To delete an item, choose Home->Delete->Recycle or Home->Delete-
>Permanently Delete or Home->Delete->Recycle Confirmation (or press
Alt+H+D), choose the item and press enter on Recycle or Permanently
Delete or Recycle Confirmation).
11) To rename a file, choose Home->Rename (or press F2 or Alt+H+R).
12) To create a new folder, choose Home->New Folder (or press Alt+H+N).
13) To create a new file or folder, choose Home->Create Item (or press
Alt+H+W).
14) To open selected file, choose Home->Open (or press Alt+H+PE) and choose
the appropriate program.
15) To edit selected file, choose Home->Edit (or press Alt+H+E).
16) To open selected file, choose Home->Open (or press Alt+H+PE).
17) To open file history, choose Home->History (or press Alt+H+H).
18) To deselect all items, choose Home->Select All (or press Ctrl+A or
Alt+H+SN).
19) To invert selection, choose Home->Invert Selection (or Alt+H+SI).
20) To share a file, choose Share->Share (or Alt+S+S1).
21) To email a file, choose Share->Email (or Alt+S+E).
22) To Zip (compress) a file, choose Share->Zip (or Alt+S+C).
23) To Burn a file to CD or DVD, choose Share->Burn to Disk (or Alt+S+B).
24) To Print a file, choose Share->Print (or Alt+S+P).
25) To Fax a file, choose Share->Fax (or Alt+S+F).
26) To share a file with other users, choose Share->Share with specific people
(or Alt+S+W).
27) To stop sharing a file with others, choose Share->Stop Sharing (or
Alt+S+SS).
28) To change the view of icons, right Click on a white space of the right side
pane hover the mouse on View (or choose View->Layout from menu or
press Alt+V+L), choose any one of the layouts: (a) Extra Large Icons, (b)
Large Icons, (c) Medium Icons, (d) Small Icons, (e) List, (f) Details, (g) Tiles,
(h) Contents.
29) To sort files based on specific criterion, right Click on a white space on the
right pane, hover the mouse on Sort (or choose View->Sort or press
Alt+V+O). You may choose to sort the icons in Ascending or Descending
order based on (a) Name, (b) Date Modified, (c) Size, (d) Date Created, (e)
Authors, (f) Categories, (g) Tags, (h) Title.
30) To display items in groups, right Click on a white space on the right pane,
hover the mouse on Group By (or choose View->Group By or press
Alt+V+G). You may choose to Group the icons in Ascending or Descending
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order based on (a) Name, (b) Date Modified, (c) Size, (d) Date Created, (e)
Authors, (f) Categories, (g) Tags, (h) Title.
31) To display file a checkbox for each selected item, choose View->Item
checkboxes (or press Alt+V+HT).
32) To display file name extension for each file, choose View->File name
extensions (or press Alt+V+HF).
33) To hide a file or folder which has been selected, choose View->Hide
selected (or press Alt+V+HS).
34) To Change Folder Options, choose View->Options->Change folder and
search options (or press Alt+V+Y+O).
No. Shortcut Purpose
1 Alt+H+PI Pin to quick access
2 Ctrl+C or Alt+H+CO Copy
3 Ctrl+X or Alt+H+T Cut
4 Ctrl+V or Alt+H+V Paste
5 Alt+H+CP Copy path
6 Alt+H+PS Paste shortcut
7 Delete Move to recycle bin
8 Shift+Delete Permanently delete
9 F2 or Alt+H+R Rename
10 Alt+H+N New folder
11 Alt+H+W New file or folder
12 Alt+H+PE Open file
13 Alt+H+E Edit selected file
14 Alt+H+PE Open selected file
15 Alt+H+H File history
16 Ctrl+A or Alt+H+SN Select All
17 Alt+H+SI Invert selection
18 Alt+S+S1 Share selected file
19 Alt+S+E Email selected file
20 Alt+S+C Compress/ Zip selected file.
21 Alt+S+B Burn to CD/ DVD (Disk)
22 Alt+S+P Print selected file
23 Alt+S+F Fax selected file
24 Alt+S+W Share with other users
25 Alt+S+SS Stop sharing with other users
26 Alt+V+L Change View settings.
27 Alt+V+O Order or sort settings
28 Alt+V+G Grouping settings
29 Alt+V+HT Display checkbox to select each file
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No. Shortcut Purpose

30 Alt+V+HF Display file name extension
31 Alt+V+HS Hide selected file or folder
32 Alt+V+Y+O Folder options
33 Alt+F+N or Alt+F+W+N Open new Window
34 Alt+F+W+P New window in new process
35 Alt+F+P or Alt+F+M+P Command prompt
36 Alt+F+M+A Command prompt in Administrator mode
37 Alt+F+R or Alt+F+S+R Power shell
38 Alt+F+S+A Power shell in Administrator mode
39 Alt+F+O Folder Options
40 Alt+F+H Help
41 Alt+F+C Close

Ex. No.15
Date: 30.08.2017
AIM: File Management using Windows Explorer
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Windows File Explorer, choose Start->All apps->Windows System->File
Explorer (or press Windows+E).
2) Task 1 Copy a file: Select the file to be copied. Right Click, choose Copy (or
press Ctrl+C). Open the folder in which this file is to be pasted. Right Click,
choose Paste (or press Ctrl+V).
3) Task 2 Move a file: Select the file to be copied. Right Click, choose Cut (or
press Ctrl+X). Open the folder in which this file is to be pasted. Right Click,
choose Paste (or press Ctrl+V).
4) Task 3 rename a file: Select the file to be to be shared. Right Click, choose
Rename (or press F2). Enter the new name for file when the name becomes
editable. Press Enter key to complete rename process.
5) Task 4 Compress a file or folder: Select the file to be to be compressed.
Right Click, choose Compress (If a third party program like WinRar is
installed, use the options provided by the same). The file or folder would be
compressed.
6) Task 5 Unzip a compressed file: Select the zip file. Right click on the file and
choose Extract (or use the options provided by third party compression
program like WinRar). The file would be unzipped.
7) Task 6 Open a file with different program: Select the file to be to be opened
using a program other than the default program. Right Click (or hold shift
and right click), choose Open With, select the program from the list
displayed.

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8) Task 7 share a file with other users: Select the file to be to be shared. Right
Click, choose Share With, select the share with specific people.
9) Task 8 share a file with other users: Select the file to be to be shared. Right
Click, choose Share With, select the share with specific people.
10) Task 9 create shortcut to a file: Select the file to be to be shared. Right Click,
choose Create Shortcut. Copy the shortcut. Paste the shortcut file to
wherever you want. Double clicking the shortcut opens the required file.
11) Task 10 Send file to specified locations (Including desktop shortcut): Select
the file. Right Click, choose Send to, select the location (including the
Bluetooth targets, desktop, DVD drive, etc.) where the file needs to be sent.
A shortcut (in case of desktop) or a full copy (in case of Bluetooth, DVD
drive, etc.) will be performed.
12) Task 11 delete a file: Select the file. Right Click, choose Delete. The file is
sent to the recycle bin.
13) Task 12 permanently delete a file: Select the file. Press Shift+Delete. The file
is deleted permanently. File deleted using Shift+Delete cannot be restored
from Recycle Bin.
14) Task 13 view file or folder properties: Select the file. Right Click. Select
Properties (at the bottom of the context menu). View the items displayed
under General, Security, Details, Previous versions. The file may be hidden or
read only (uneditable) by placing tick mark against appropriate tick boxes.
15) Task 14 view drive properties: Right click on a drive (C:, D:, etc.). Choose
Properties. View the total size available in the drive, space used and
remaining space. Do not change any property unless you know about that
property.

Ex. No.16
Date: 30.08.2017
AIM: Working with pen drive
PROCEDURE:
1) Insert the pen drive in the USB slot. Hold Shift key while inserting the pen
drive to prevent AutoRun of any program stored in the pen drive.
2) Task 1 Format the pen drive: Right click the drive letter of the pen drive (on
the Navigator pane or My Computer). Choose Format. Provide a label to the
Pen drive. Press Start button. The allow the formatting process to complete.
Now, the pen drive does not have any previous data and freshly ready for
use.
3) Task 2 Copy file from Computer to Pen drive: Go to Documents (any other
folder from which you wish to copy). Select required file. Press Ctrl+C or
Right Click, choose Copy. Select the drive name/ drive letter of the pen drive

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from the Navigation Pane (or My Computer). Press Ctrl+V (or Right click on a
blank space, choose Paste).
4) Task 3 Move file from Computer to Pen drive: Go to Documents (any other
folder from which you wish to move). Select required file. Press Ctrl+X or
Right Click, choose Cut. Select the drive name/ drive letter of the pen drive
from the Navigation Pane (or My Computer). Press Ctrl+V (or Right click on a
blank space, choose Paste).
5) Task 4 Copy file from Pen drive to Computer: Open the pen drive in File
Explorer. Select required file. Press Ctrl+C or Right Click, choose Copy. Select
the drive name/ destination drive letter from Navigation Pane (or My
Computer). Navigate to the required folder. Press Ctrl+V (or Right click on a
blank space, choose Paste).
6) Task 5 Move file from Pen drive to Computer: Open the pen drive in File
Explorer. Select required file. Press Ctrl+X or Right Click, choose Cut. Select
the drive name/ destination drive letter from Navigation Pane (or My
Computer). Navigate to the required folder. Press Ctrl+V (or Right click on a
blank space, choose Paste).
Ex. No.17
Date: 30.08.2017
AIM: Burning a file to Optical Drive (CD/ DVD) using Windows Explorer
PROCEDURE:
1) Insert a blank Compact Disk (CD) or Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) in the optical
drive.
2) A dialog for writing files to CD/ DVD appears. There are 2 options available
for burning files:
a. Like a USB Flash drive: This mode permits writing in data disk mode.
Burnt files can be deleted, overwritten and new files can be appended
later.
b. With a CD/DVD Player: The files are written in a manner suitable for
reading in CD player or DVD player. The files can be viewed in
computers as well.
3) After typing a Title for the Disk, chose the Disk Mode. Press Next. A lengthy
formatting process takes place. Wait until the formatting is completed.
4) Copy or drag and drop required files to the CD or DVD.
5) After finishing the copying work, open File Explorer, right click on the drive
letter of the CD/DVD writer and choose Finalize this session.
6) Wait until the CD/ DVD is finalized.
7) On completion of the process, the CD or DVD will be automatically ejected.
Ex. No.18
Date: 05.09.2017
AIM: Control Panel – Setting Clock, Language and Region
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 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

PROCEDURE:
1) Open Control Panel using Start->All Apps->Windows Settings->Control Panel
(or press Windows+R, type CONTROL followed by Enter key).
2) At the top right corner, there is a search box. You can type specific control
panel item in the search box to find results.
3) Choose the blue arrow next to View By label on the top right of the control
panel. Set the value to Category (instead of Large Icons or Small Icons).
4) The following category view is displayed by control panel:

5) Choose Clock, Language and Region. 3 items named Date and Time,
Language and Region are displayed.
6) Choose Date and Time to adjust the time.
7) Set time zone to (UTC +5.30) Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai, New Delhi.
8) Choose Language from the Clock, Language and Region menu.
9) Languages may be added by pressing Add Language button. If Remove
button is enabled, language may be removed from the list. Usually, English
(United Kingdom) a and English (United States International) are the
languages selected.
10) Input method refers to keyboard layout. Each language is
accompanied by a preferred input method or keyboard layout.
11) Choose Region from Clock, Language and Region category. Set the
region to English (India) or English (United Kingdom). (Choosing English
(United States) is not advisable since it displays date in MM/DD/YYYY format
and causes a lot of confusion.)
Ex. No.19
Date: 05.09.2017
AIM: Control Panel – Setting Appearance and Personalization
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Control Panel using Start->All Apps->Windows Settings->Control Panel
(or press Windows+R, type CONTROL followed by Enter key).
2) Set View By property to Category.
3) Choose Appearance and Personalization. The following items are displayed:
a. Personalization – Change theme, sound effect, screen saver.
b. Display – Make screen items larger or smaller, Adjust screen
resolution.

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c. Taskbar and navigation

d. Ease of access centre – Low vision, screen reader, easy access keys,
high contrast on or off.
e. File Explorer options – Single or double click open, show hidden files/
folders.
f. Fonts – Manage fonts, change font settings, adjust cleartype text.
4) Under Personalization section, set the theme, background, sound effects
and screen saver to be used when the computer is idle.
5) Under display section, adjust the size of font and other display elements.
Screen resolution, screen orientation, etc. can be adjusted under this
section.
6) Taskbar properties like auto-hide, display taskbar at bottom, top, left or right
of screen, etc. can be controlled from this section.
7) The ease of access section displays the same items reached through clicking
Ease of Access from category view of control panel.
8) The 4 basic ease of access items displayed at the top of the screen are:
a. Screen Magnifier – to enlarge parts of screen.
b. Start narrator – to read the text pointed by the mouse pointer.
c. Start onscreen keyboard – A keyboard which can be operated using
mouse.
d. Setup high contrast – set the parameters to be used in high contrast
mode.
9) Under File Explorer Options, choose Single click or Double click to open files
and folders. You can also choose to display hidden files.
10) Fonts can be managed using Fonts section. You can choose to adjust
the screen display settings by selecting Adjust cleartype text.
Ex. No.20
Date: 05.09.2017
AIM: Control Panel – Managing User Accounts
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Control Panel using Start->All Apps->Windows Settings->Control Panel
(or press Windows+R, type CONTROL followed by Enter key).
2) Set View By property to Category.
3) Choose User Accounts.
4) Click User Accounts again. The first 2 items display Change your user name
and Change your account type. You may set a new name to your account or
downgrade your account from administrator to standard.
5) On Pressing Manage Another Account, the existing user accounts are
displayed. Click any one of the accounts to see the following settings:
a. Change the account name – already explained
b. Change the password – Set or change password for selected account
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c. Change the account type – already explained

d. Delete the account – Delete selected account.
e. Manage another account
6) Choose Manage another account again.
7) New user account may be added by clicking the link Add a new user account
in PC settings. Click the + Add someone else to this PC. Enter User Name.
Type the password and retype the same to confirm the password. Password
hint is a tip to guess the password in case it is forgotten.
8) Press Next button to complete the user account creation.
9) By default, new user is created under Standard user. You may choose to
change the user to Administrator to permit access to system settings.
10) You can see the new account from the Use Accounts, Manage Another
Account section of control panel.
Ex. No.21
Date: 07.09.2017
AIM: Control Panel – Managing programs
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Control Panel using Start->All Apps->Windows Settings->Control
Panel (or press Windows+R, type CONTROL followed by Enter key).
2) At the top right corner, there is a search box. You can type specific control
panel item in the search box to find results.
3) Select Category under View by option.
4) Choose Programs category.
5) The following options are available under programs section:
a. Programs and Features – Uninstall a program, Turn Windows
features on or off, View installed updates, Run programs made for
previous version of Windows, How to install a program.
b. Default Programs – Change default settings for media devices, Make
a file type always open in a specific program, Set your default
programs.
6) To uninstall a program, choose Programs -> Programs and Features-
>Uninstall a program. Choose the program to be uninstalled. Make the
choices for uninstallation.
7) To turn on or off some framework or library feature in Windows, choose
Programs->Programs and Features->Turn Windows Features on or off.
Make a mark or remove a mark against the feature of Windows that
should be turned on or off.
8) To change the default programs used for opening video or audio disk,
choose Programs->Default Programs->Change default settings for media

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devices. Choose the program to be used for each device type and media
type.
9) To change the default program used to open a specific file name
extension, choose Programs->Default Programs->Make a file type open in
a specific program.
10) To associate each program with specific file types, choose Programs-
>Default Programs->Set Default Program.
Ex. No.22
Date: 07.09.2017
AIM: Control Panel – Ease of Access
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Control Panel using Start->All Apps->Windows Settings->Control
Panel (or press Windows+R, type CONTROL followed by Enter key).
2) At the top right corner, there is a search box. You can type specific control
panel item in the search box to find results.
3) Select Category under View by option.
4) Ease of access is available as a separate item and under Appearance and
Personalization->Ease of Access Centre.
5) To set basic settings for use of computer under visually impaired or other
accessibility mode, choose Ease of Access->Ease of Access Centre. It
displays Start magnifier, start narrator (reads out), start on screen
keyboard, set up high contrast.
6) The ease of access centre contains Use a computer without a display,
make the computer easier to see, Use the computer without a mouse or
keyboard, Make the mouse easier to use, Make the keyboard easier to
use, Use text or visual alternatives for sounds, Make it easier to focus on
tasks, Make touch and tablet easier to use.
7) To control the computer using voice commands and to type to documents
using dictation, choose Ease of Access->Speech Recognition->Start Speech
Recognition.
8) You can set up a microphone, take speech tutorial and train your
computer for speech recognition from Ease of Access->Speech
Recognition->Start Speech Recognition section.
Ex. No.23
Date: 07.09.2017
AIM: Control Panel – Network and Internet
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Control Panel using Start->All Apps->Windows Settings->Control Panel
(or press Windows+R, type CONTROL followed by Enter key).
2) At the top right corner, there is a search box. You can type specific control
panel item in the search box to find results.
29 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

3) Select Category under View by option.

4) Choose Network and Internet. The following items are displayed: (i)
Network and Sharing Centre, (ii) Home Group, (iii) Internet Options.
5) To view connection status in a network, connect to a new network or to
trouble shoot any network connection issues, choose Network and
Internet->Network and Sharing Centre.
6) When several computers are connected through a common networking
device (modem, bridge, switch, hub, etc.), Home Group can be created.
Home group helps in file and printer sharing. To manage home group,
choose Network and Internet->Home Group.
7) Home page for browsing and browsing history may be managed using
Network and Internet->Internet Options->General.
8) Security Level (Internet, local Intranet, trusted site, restricted site) may be
set using Network and Internet->Internet Options->Security.
9) Popup-Blocker may be enabled or disable using Network and Internet-
>Internet Options->Privacy.
10) Security certificates, auto-complete options and feeds and web slices may
be managed using Network and Internet->Internet Options->Content.
11) The default programs used for accessing Internet and opening
downloaded files may be managed using Network and Internet->Internet
Options->General.
Ex. No.24
Date: 12.09.2017
AIM: Control Panel – Hardware and sound
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Control Panel using Start->All Apps->Windows Settings->Control Panel
(or press Windows+R, type CONTROL followed by Enter key).
2) At the top right corner, there is a search box. You can type specific control
panel item in the search box to find results.
3) Select Category under View by option.
4) Choose Hardware and sounds. The following sections are available under
this category:
a. Devices and printers – List of printers, scanners and other peripherals
connected to the computer is displayed. Press Add a device or Add a
printer to add new device/ printer to the computer. Driver for the new
device should be available.
i. Right click on a printer. Choose See what is printing to view
print jobs underway, choose Set as Default Printer to make the
printer default or choose Preferences to set paper size, toner
mode, etc.

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ii. Select AutoPlay option to set default programs to open media

containing audio, video, etc.
iii. Choose power options to set battery usage modes
(Performance/ Balanced and Power saver).
iv. Display option permits setting the scaling level and display font
size (same as the one found under Appearance and
Personalization).
v. Windows mobility centre provides a single point access to
display brightness, sound, Battery status, power manager,
connecting to external displays, synchronization and
presentation settings.
Ex. No.25
Date: 12.09.2017
AIM: Control Panel – System and Security
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Control Panel using Start->All Apps->Windows Settings->Control Panel
(or press Windows+R, type CONTROL followed by Enter key).
2) At the top right corner, there is a search box. You can type specific control
panel item in the search box to find results.
3) Select Category under View by option. Choose System and Security.
a. Open Security and Maintenance to set Firewall on or off, virus
protection on or off, disable apps that automatically start and to check
for solutions for unreported problems. Recovery option resets the PC.
b. Windows Firewall section may be used to enable or disable firewall
protection in the PC.
c. System section may be used to see the amount of RAM, processor
type and Windows activation status.
d. Device Manager, available as a tab on the Navigation panel of System
section helps to update drivers for devices.
e. Power Options are the same as that available under Devices and
Printers.
f. File History permits automatic backup of data in another drive, for
recovery in case the original data is lost.
g. Backup and Restore creates system backup. Restore can be
performed when the system runs in to trouble.
h. Storage spaces can set backup options to store data in 2 or more
drives. This helps complete recovery of data even if one drive fails.
i. Administrative Tools help to control Computer Management (Disk
Management), Defragment drives, Disk cleanup, Print Management,

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 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

Services running in the background, Task scheduler, Windows firewall

and Windows memory diagnostics.
Ex. No.26
Date: 12.09.2017
AIM: Managing BIOS settings
PROCEDURE:
1) BIOS settings are accessible when the computer is just powered on.
2) Different motherboards have different key to access BIOS (displayed at the
time of start up). Some of the most common keys to enter BIOS are: (i) DEL –
legacy; (ii) F2 (Acer); (iii) Esc (HP), etc.
3) Under Information section, look at the general details of the computer.
4) Under Main category, change the date, time, etc.
5) Under Security section, set password for user or supervisor.
6) Under Boot section, set the boot device priority (first, second, third, etc.
boot devices).
7) Normally, pressing F10 saves the data and exits BIOS.
8) Use Tab to move between different sections of the same settings.
9) Use Up and Down arrows to access change BIOS settings.
10) Some BIOSes use + or – to change BIOS values. Some other BIOSes use
F5 and F6 for changing options.
11) You can set the Optimal System defaults through Exit menu (Normally
accessed through F9 shortcut).
12) Each BIOS displays tips at the bottom and right side to help manage
the BIOS values correctly.
Ex. No.27
Date: 13.09.2017
AIM: Installation of Windows Operating System (Windows 10)
PROCEDURE:
1) Attach the CD/ DVD/ Pen drive containing installation files for Windows
operating system in your computer.
2) Boot the computer. Look at the BIOS post message. Press the designated
key to enter BIOS settings (DEL, Esc, F2, Enter, etc.).
3) Change the first boot device to the drive/ media containing Windows
operating system.
4) When the message stating “Press any key to boot from CD or DVD ...”
appears, press any key. Windows operating system begins to load.
5) The Windows installer requests you to choose the language for
installation (choose English), time and currency format (choose English
United Kingdom or English India), Keyboard or input format (choose
English United States International). Press Next button.
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6) Press Install now to start the installation.

7) Enter product key, if the screen for product key entry appears. The
hyphen symbol appears automatically if you keep typing. Remember to
distinguish between 1 and I, 0 and O.
8) The EULA (End User License Agreement) appears. Read and press tick
mark against accept. Press Next button.
9) The option screen requesting to choose an Upgrade to existing operating
system or Custom/ Fresh installation of Windows appears. Choose
Custom.
10) The partitioning screen appears. If there is a previous operating system,
the drives are shown. Delete all the drives.
11) Press New when keeping the cursor on unpartitioned space. Enter the size
to be allotted to the C: drive first.
12) The size is entered in MB (Enter 20480 for 20GB, 51200 for 50 GB, 102400
for 100 GB, 153600 for 150 GB, 204800 for 200GB – the size in GB
multiplied by 1024).
13) On creating the first partition, Windows will show a dialog stating that
additional partitions are required. Press OK. It will create one of more
additional partitions.
14) Create several other partitions. The size rule is M = 1024*G, where M is
size in Mega Byte and T is size in Giga Byte.
15) Format each partition after creating it.
16) Choose the first large partition (not the 100MB to 500MB partition
created by the operating system for reserved purposes, which is too small
for installation).
17) The installation starts. Wait until the installation is completed.
18) When the system reboots, do not press any key during startup. Because,
you will end up doing steps 4 to 17 again and again instead of configuring
newly installed Windows.
19) Enter the network settings (or choose Skip).
20) Manage the detailed settings of Windows (or press Express Settings).
21) Enter the user name and password for new user.
22) Login to the newly installed Windows operating System.
Ex. No.28
Date: 13.09.2017
AIM: Installation of MS Office and other Application software packages in
Windows
PROCEDURE:
1) Insert the media (CD/ DVD or Pen drive).
2) Right click on the Setup.exe file of MS Office. Choose Run as
Administrator.
33 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

3) When a confirmation screen appears, choose OK to run the program with

Administrator privileges.
4) Enter product key for the MS Office Software.
5) Press Next button.
6) Choose complete installation of MS Office.
7) Allow the installation to finish.
8) Install AdobeReader, WinRar, Azhagi+ and BurnAware software packages.
For installation, always right click and choose Run as Administrator.
9) Install GIMP for image editing.
10) Install OpenOffice, which is an alternate to MS Office for preparation of
documents.
11) Install Photoshop, if needed for image editing.
Ex. No.29
Date: 15.09.2017
AIM: Burning ISO image to CD/ DVD using Burn Aware Free Software
PROCEDURE:
1) Copy the ISO image of Ubuntu (or any other software given to you) to the
hard disk of the computer (preferably D: drive).
2) Insert blank DVD (or CD in the compuer).
3) Open BurnAware. Choose Burn ISO from the left side panel or the File
menu.
4) In the Burn ISO menu, click Browse button and choose the ISO image
copied by you.
5) Click the Burn button or choose Burn from File menu.
6) Wait until the burning process is completed.
7) On completion, the CD/ DVD is automatically ejected from the tray.

Ex. No.30
Date: 15.09.2017
AIM: Installation of Ubuntu Linux
PROCEDURE:
1) Insert the media (CD/ DVD or Pen drive) containing Ubuntu Linux operating
system.
2) Choose Start->Power and press Shift+Restart in the previous Windows
operating system.
3) Hit the BIOS or boot menu key when the BIOS loads on restart.
4) Choose the Ubuntu Linux DVD as the boot source.
5) Wait until the menu containing Try Ubuntu and Install Ubuntu appears.
Choose Try Ubuntu.

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6) When the Ubuntu operating system loads, double click Install Ubuntu
from the Desktop.
7) Choose English language for installation. Press Continue.
8) Choose Do not connect to WiFi network. Press Continue.
9) Place a tick mark against install third party software. Press Continue.
10) Choose Something else for multiple operating system installation options.
Press Continue.
11) Delete (- symbol) the last partition (/dev/sda4 or /dev/sda6) which has
more than 30GB space.
12) Add (+ symbol) new partition having 90% of the space available, select /
against mount point and Ext4 against file system type.
13) Press Ok. New partition is created.
14) Add new partition in the available free space (+ symbol). Choose Swap
against partition type. Press OK to add new partition.
15) Press Install Now to install the operating system on the partition having /
against mount point.
16) Choose Kolkata against time zone.
17) Choose English US against keyboard layout.
18) Enter user name and password. Confirm the password. Press Continue.
19) Wait until the installation completes.
20) After completing the installation, Ubuntu Linux restarts.
21) When the DVD is ejected, remove the DVD and restart the computer.
22) When the operating system menu appears, choose Ubuntu Linux.
23) After logging in, press Alt key or Windows key, enter terminal and open
terminal application.
24) Type cd /boot/grub.
25) Type sudo gedit grub.cfg. Enter your password when requested.
26) Count the menu entry number for Windows operating system and enter
the same against default. The counting starts with 0 (zero).
27) Start working with Linux operating system.
Ex. No.31
Date: 19.09.2017
AIM: Working with MS DOS
PROCEDURE:
1) To open command prompt in normal user mode, choose Start->All Apps-
>Windows System->Command Prompt or Press Windows+R, type CMD and
press Enter key.
2) Use the following commands for practice purpose:
Sl.
Command Purpose Usage example
No.
1 Explorer .* Open Windows Explorer for Explorer .
35 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

current directory
2 DIR List files and directories. Shows DIR
date of creation, time of creation, DIR /? – help
whether directory, file size and DIR /W – Width-wise list
file name
3 NOTEPAD* Create a text file with given NOTEPAD COPA.TXT
name. creates a text file named
COPA.TXT. Type a list of
names.
4 COPY Copy file1 file2 – copies file1 to a COPY COPA.TXT
new file2. If multiple files are to COPA1.TXT
be copied, the last file should be a
directory.
5 DEL Delete given file. DEL COPA1.TXT
6 CD Change directory. CD Desktop
Default directory is called HOME CD .. – Move to parent
directory (e.g. C:\Users\COPA). directory
Special directory named . denotes
current directory.
Special directory named ..
denotes parent directory.
7 REN Renames given file to new name. REN COPA.TXT
COPA2.TXT
8 TYPE Displays contents of a file on the TYPE COPA2.TXT displays
command window. contents of file named
COPA2.TXT in the
command window.
9 CLS Clear screen. Clears the command CLS
window and places the cursor at
the topmost line.
10 DATE Displays system date. If date is to DATE
be reset, enter new date
separated by – symbol (E.g. 23-
09-2017).
New date will be accepted by the
system only if the command
window is opened with
Administrator privilege.
11 TIME Displays system time. TIME
To change time, enter new time

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in HH.MM.SS format.
* - Not an MS DOS command. Used for convenience
3) Type exit to close MS DOS window.

Ex. No.32
Date: 21.09.2017
AIM: Working with MS DOS – Internal DOS Commands
PROCEDURE:
1) To open command prompt in normal user mode, choose Start->All Apps-
>Windows System->Command Prompt or Press Windows+R, type CMD and
press Enter key.
2) Use the following commands for practice purpose:
Sl.
Command Purpose Usage example
No.
1 VER Displays version of MS VER
DOS
2 VOL Displays volume VOL
information (name, serial VOL D:
number, etc.) for given
drive. If no argument is
provided, current volume
details are displayed.
3 COPY Copy the keyboard input COPY CON TEMP.TXT
CON to a file. CPU
To end the copying Monitor
process, press Ctrl+Z Mouse
followed by ENTER key. Keyboard
^Z Enter
4 ERASE Deletes given file. ERASE TEMP.TXT
5 MD / Make a directory with MD COPA
MKDIR given name. MKDIR ITI
6 RD / Delete given directory RD ITI
RMDIR RMDIR COPA
7 ECHO Turns echo mode on or off. ECHO OFF
Echo can display DIR
environment variables, if ECHO ON
they are enclosed inside % ECHO %PATH%
symbols
8 PATH Environment variable PATH=%PATH%;C\Users\COPA\TMP
containing the list of ECHO %PATH%
directories in which
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executable files are to be

searched.
9 PAUSE Displays the message PAUSE
“Press any key to continue
...”
10 PROMPT Set new value for prompt. PROMPT #
Calling prompt without PROMPT $$
any argument restores PROMPT
default prompt.
11 REM Remarks. Rest of the line is REM I am student of COPA trade.
ignored.
12 SET Set new value for SET PATH=%PATH%;C:\
environment variable. SET X=5
ECHO %X%
Type exit to close MS DOS window.
Ex. No.33
Date: 21.09.2017
AIM: Working with MS DOS – External DOS Commands
PROCEDURE:
1) To open command prompt in normal user mode, choose Start->All Apps-
>Windows System->Command Prompt or Press Windows+R, type CMD and
press Enter key.
2) Use the following commands for practice purpose:
Sl.
Command Purpose Usage example
No.
1 APPEND Appends given value to the end Removed from MS DOS.
of environment variable (like
PATH).
2 ASSIGN Assigns new drive letter in place Removed from MS DOS.
of existing drive letter.
3 ATTRIB Files can be set to Hidden, ATTRIB +R TEMP.TXT
Archive or Read-only modes. ATTRIB +H TEMP.TXT
Use + symbol to set and – ATTRIB +A TEMP.TXT
symbol to unset the property ATTRIB –R –H –A TEMP.TXT
4 BACKUP Backup given files to specified Removed from MS DOS.
destination.
5 CHKDSK Check given disk for errors and CHKDSK D:
correct the errors. Requires
administrator privilege.
6 COMMAN Command prompt. This Removed.
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D.COM command has been removed.

CMD is the new DOS Shell.
7 COMP Compare given files and report (COPY TEMP.TXT TMP.TXT)
the first mismatch. COMP TEMP.TXT TMP.TXT
8 DEBUG Check the given program for Removed from MS DOS.
runtime errors.
9 DISKCOMP Compare contents of 2 disks. Removed from MS DOS.
10 DISKCOPY Copies contents of one disk to Removed from MS DOS.
another.
11 DOSKEY Maintain history of DOS DOSKEY
commands and display them
when UP arrow is pressed.
12 DOSSHEL Opens visual shell for command Removed from MS DOS.
prompt.
13 EDIT Edit a new file with given name. Removed from MS DOS.
14 EDLIN Edit a single line. Removed from MS DOS.
15 EXPAND Decompress given zip file. EXPAND TEMP.ZIP
16 FC Compare given files and report FC TEMP.TXT TMP.TXT
differences.
17 FDISK Create new partition table. Removed from MS DOS.
18 FORMAT Formats given drive. Do not use this command. It
may damage your drives.
19 HELP Display list of supported MS DOS HELP
commands. HELP DOSKEY
20 LABEL Change label for given drive. LABEL D: BACKUP
Requires administer privilege.
21 MEM Displays memory usage details. Removed from MS DOS.
22 MIRROR Create a backup file named Removed from MS DOS.
MIRROR.FIL
23 MORE Displays large output in readable HELP | MORE
portions. Press enter key to read
line by line and space bar to
move pages.
24 MOVE Copy a file to new name and MOVE TEMP.TXT TEST.TXT
delete the source file. DIR
25 PRINT Prints given file to default PRINT TEST.TXT
printer
26 SCANDISK Checks disk for errors. No longer Removed from MS DOS.
supported.
27 SORT Sorts the contents of given file. SORT TEMP.TXT
39 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
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Use /R to sort in reverse order. SORT /R TEMP.TXT

28 SYS Creates a bootable disk drive. Removed from MS DOS.
29 TREE Displays directory and files in TREE
tree structure
30 UNDELETE Restores a deleted file of given Removed from MS DOS.
name.
31 XCOPY Extended copy mode for copying XCOPY TEMP.TXT TMP.TXT
files and directories.
3) Type exit to close MS DOS window.
Ex. No.34
Date: 25.09.2017
AIM: Creating MS DOS Batch file
PROCEDURE:
1) To open command prompt in normal user mode, choose Start->All Apps-
>Windows System->Command Prompt or Press Windows+R, type CMD and
press Enter key.
2) To start editing a batch file named <name>.bat, type “notepad
<name>.bat”.
3) Type the following content, save the file and close notepad:
@ECHO OFF
ECHO You will get directory listing when you press any key
PAUSE
DIR
ECHO You will get time when you press any key
PAUSE
TIME
4) Type <name> in the command prompt (.bat extension is optional) to make
the batch file to work.
5) To create another batch file for input and sorting, type “notepad
<name1>.bat”.
6) Type the following contents, save the file and close notepad.
@ECHO OFF
ECHO Input names of at least 5 computer components. Press Ctrl+Z Enter to end
input
COPY CON TMP.TXT
ECHO .
ECHO Press any key to see the contents of file typed by you
PAUSE
TYPE TMP.TXT
ECHO .

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ECHO Press any key to see the sorted list of items (ascending)
PAUSE
SORT TMP.TXT
ECHO .
ECHO Press any key to see the sorted list of items (descending)
PAUSE
SORT /R TMP.TXT
7) Type exit to close MS DOS window.
Ex. No.35
Date: 25.09.2017
AIM: Installing Adobe Photoshop
PROCEDURE:
1) Right click the ISO image file and select Mount. Open the new DVD drive.
2) Right Click the setup file. Select Run As Administrator. Click Yes to confirm.

3) Choose Try when the installer is initialized.

4) Choose Sign In when the next screen appears.

5) Choose Sign In Later when the installer complains about lack of Internet
connection.
6) Click Accept button for the Software License Agreement.

7) Press Install button. Press Close button after the installation is completed.

41 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
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8) Start using Photoshop after the installation is finished.

Ex. No.36
Date: 05.10.2017
AIM: Using File Redirection and Special Characters in MSDOS
PROCEDURE:
1) To open command prompt in normal user mode, choose Start->All Apps-
>Windows System->Command Prompt or Press Windows+R, type CMD and
press Enter key.
2) To redirect output of program to a new file, use the > operator. Sample
usage (Omit the content within brackets while typing in command line):
COPY CON NAME.TXT (CREATE A NEW FILE FOR REDIRECTION)
TYPE NAME.TXT (SHOW CONTENTS OF FILE ON THE SCREEN)
TYPE NAME.TXT > TMP.TXT (> SENDS SCREEN CONTENT TO TMP.TXT)
TYPE TMP.TXT (VERIFY THAT TMP.TXT HAS CONTENTS OF NAME.TXT)
3) To redirect output of program and append the contents to a file, use the >>
operator. Sample usage (Omit the content within brackets while typing in
command line):
COPY CON NAME.TXT (CREATE A NEW FILE FOR REDIRECTION)
TYPE NAME.TXT (SHOW CONTENTS OF FILE ON THE SCREEN)
TYPE NAME.TXT > TMP.TXT (> SENDS SCREEN CONTENT TO TMP.TXT, PREVIOUS
CONTENT IS DELETED.)
TYPE NAME.TXT >> TMP.TXT (> SENDS SCREEN CONTENT TO TMP.TXT. NEW
CONTENT IS APPENDED)
TYPE NAME.TXT >> TMP.TXT (> SENDS SCREEN CONTENT TO TMP.TXT. NEW
CONTENT IS APPENDED)
TYPE TMP.TXT (VERIFY THAT TMP.TXT HAS 3 TIMES THE CONTENTS OF
NAME.TXT)
4) The contents of a file may be directed to a new program using the pipe (|)
operator. Sample usage:
COPY CON NAME.TXT (CREATE A NEW FILE FOR REDIRECTION)
TYPE NAME.TXT (SHOW CONTENTS OF FILE ON THE SCREEN)
TYPE NAME.TXT | SORT (THE FILE CONTENTS ARE SORTED BEFORE DISPLAY)
TYPE DIR | SORT /R (DIRECTORY LISTING IS SORTED IN REVERSE ORDER BEFORE
DISPLAY)

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TYPE DIR | MORE (DIRECTORY LISTING IS DISPLAYED THROUGH MORE

COMMAND)
5) Use * to match any number of unknown characters. Sample usage:
COPY CON NAME.TXT (CREATE A NEW FILE)
DIR *.TXT (MATCH ALL FILES ENDING WITH .TXT)
DIR NAME.* (MATCH ALL FILES BEGINNING WITH NAME)
6) Use ? to match a single unknown characters. Sample usage:
COPY CON NAME.TXT (CREATE A NEW FILE)
DIR NAM?.TXT (ALL FILES STARTING WITH NAM AND ENDING IN .TXT)
DIR NAME.?XT (MATCH ALL FILES BEGINNING WITH NAME. AND ENDING IN XT)
Ex. No.37
Date: 05.10.2017
AIM: Working with Linux shell commands – Part 1
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Linux operating system.
2) Login using your ID and password.
3) Press Windows (or Alt) key. Type Terminal (which brings terminal into
view). Click on Terminal icon to open bash (Bourne Again Shell) in Linux.
4) To display file listing, use ls command (try ls, ls –l, ls –a, ls –d, ls *.txt).
5) To create new directory, use mkdir (try: mkdir name, mkdir iti).
6) To remove a directory, use rmdir (try: rmdir name, rmdir iti).
7) To create a text file (fl.txt) from command line, type cp – > fl.txt. The –
symbol denotes keyboard (standard input).
8) To copy file, use cp (try: cp fl.txt fl1.txt, cp fl1.txt fl2.txt).
9) To move a file, use mv (Try: mv fl2.txt fl3.txt).
10) To change to a new directory, use cd command (Try: cd iti, cd .., cd ~, cd /,
cd).
11) To know the current directory, use pwd (Try: pwd).
12) To know who are logged in, use finger.
13) To know the operating system type and version, use uname –a.
14) To mount a file system, use mount command.
15) To un-mount a file system, use umount command.
16) To eject a cd or dvd, use eject /dev/sdb (or device name).
17) To power off a computer, use shutdown –h now (Try: shutdown –h 20s).
18) To restart a computer, use shutdown –r now (Try: shutdown –r 20s).
19) To stop processing for specified duration, use sleep <duration> command
(Try: sleep 40s).

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20) To sort contents of a file, use sort fl (Try: sort fl.txt, sort fl1.txt).
21) To delete a file, use rm command (Try: rm fl2.txt).
22) To display system date and time, use date command (to change change
date, use sudo date yymmddhhMMss).
23) To link a file to a new name, use ln (Try: ln fl.txt fl5.txt).
24) To create a tape archive file, use tar czf <file/ folder> (Try: tar czf fl.txt).
25) To unzip the contents of an archive file, use tar xzf <archive>. (Try: tar xzf
fl.tar).
26) To compress a file, use zip or gzip (Try: zip fl.txt, gzip fl1.txt).
27) To uncompress a zip or gzip file, use unzip or gunzip (Try: unzip fl.zip,
gunzip fl1.gzip).
28) To display help on a command, use man <command> (Try man mv).
29) To calculate results of numerical expression, use bc.
30) To display calendar, use cal command. (Try: cal 10 2017, cal 2018).
31) To calculate time taken for a program to complete, use time <program>.
32) To display contents of file on the screen, use cat (Try: cat fl.txt, cat fl1.txt).

Ex. No.38
Date: 10.10.2017
AIM: Linux shell commands – Part 2
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Linux operating system.
2) Login using your ID and password.
3) Press Windows (or Alt) key. Type Terminal (which brings terminal into
view). Click on Terminal icon to open bash (Bourne Again Shell) in Linux.
4) To set date and time use sudo date MMDDhhmmYY or sudo date
MMDDhhmmYYYY (try sudo date 1011093517, sudo date 101109352017).
Enter password when the system prompts.
5) To create a text document use gedit welcome.c. Type the following lines
and save the file:
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
printf(“Welcome to C!\n”);
}
6) To compile C language program, use cc command (try: cc welcome.c,
./a.out).

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7) To change to special directories (/ - root directory, ~ - Home directory, . –

Current directory, .. – parent directory), try cd /, cd ~, cd and cd .. .
8) To change owner and group names for a file, use sudo chown root.root
welcome.c. To reverse the ownership of file to COPA, use sudo chown
vn.vn welcome.c.
9) To count the number of lines, words and characters in a file, use wc (Try:
wc welcome.c, wc –l welcome.c, wc –w welcome.c, wc –m welcome.c).

Ex. No.39
Date: 10.10.2017
AIM: Changing file permissions in Linux
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Linux operating system.
2) Login using your ID and password.
3) Press Windows (or Alt) key. Type Terminal (which brings terminal into
view). Click on Terminal icon to open bash (Bourne Again Shell) in Linux.
4) Linux supports 3 permission (Execute – 1, Read – 2, Write – 4) for 3 login
credentials (UGO - User, Group, Others).
5) To grant all 3 permission, the number is 7 (1+2+4 = 7). To grant read and
write permission, the number is 6 (2+4 = 6). To grant read only permission,
the number is 2. To grant read and execute permissions, the number is 3
(1+2 = 3).
6) Create a file <name>.txt using gedit add.sh. Type the following code in the
file and save:
#!/bin/sh
echo “Enter x: ”
read x
echo “Enter y: ”
read y
z=`expr $x + $y`
echo “$x + $y = $z”
7) Type ls –l. The add.sh does not have execute permission.
8) To grant execute, read and write permission to the owner, execute and
read permissions to group and others, use the command chmod 755
add.sh. (Now type ./add.sh to run the shell script. It adds 2 numbers.)
9) To make the shell script have x, r, w permissions for all, use chmod 777
add.sh.
10) To grant all permissions to owner and only read permission to others, use
chmod 744 add.sh.
11) To redirect input from a file, use < operator (Try: cat - > in.txt, type 25 36,
Ctrl+d. Type add.sh < in.txt).
45 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

12) To substitute one letter for another (suppose all caps for small letters), use
tr [old-list] [new-list] (Try: cat welcome.c | tr [a-z] [A-Z]).
13) To know location of a file in path, use which (Try: which cal, which sh).
14) To know the type of file based on its content, file (file add.sh, file in.txt)
Ex. No.40
Date: 10.10.2017
AIM: Using regular expressions and filters in Linux
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Linux operating system.
2) Login using your ID and password.
3) Press Windows (or Alt) key. Type Terminal (which brings terminal into
view). Click on Terminal icon to open bash (Bourne Again Shell) in Linux.
4) To search for a pattern from file or standard input, use grep (Try: ls | grep
wel, cat add.sh | grep “Enter”, cat welcome.c | grep ’;$’, cat add.sh | grep
‘^pr’, grep m *.c).
5) To search for patterns typed in a file, use fgrep (Try: cat - > fl.txt, main
clued in separate lines, fgrep –f fl.txt welcome.c).
6) To search and replace patterns, use sed (Try: cat add.sh | sed
‘s/Enter/Input/g’. This replaces (s - substitute) the word Enter with Input in
global scope (g), cat add.sh | sed ‘/echo/d’, cat add.sh | sed ‘/read/q’, echo
add.sh | sed ‘/read/p’).
7) To process strings which match given pattern, use awk. (Try ls –l | awk
‘{printf(“%s\t%s\n”, $9, $5)}’).
8) To learn disk free space levels for each filesystem, use df (Try: du)
9) To learn about disk usage level for each file, use du.
10) To search for file having particular name, use find . –name <file> (Try: find .
–name “*.txt”, find . –name “*.txt” –exec wc {} \;, find . –name “*.scr” –
exec rm –r -f {} \;
Ex. No.41
Date: 19.10.2017
AIM: Creating simple shell scripts in Linux
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Linux operating system.
2) Login using your ID and password.
3) Press Windows (or Alt) key. Type Terminal (which brings terminal into
view). Click on Terminal icon to open bash (Bourne Again Shell) in Linux.
4) To create a shell script for adding 2 numbers, type gedit add.sh, enter the
following code and save the file:
#!/bin/sh
echo "Enter x: "

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 Compendium of Practical Procedures: COPA, Semester-1

read x
echo "Enter y: "
read y
z=`expr $x + $y`
echo "$x + $y = $z"
5) To make the script executable, type chmod 755 add.sh in the terminal.
6) Type ./add.sh to run the script. Provide the input and verify the result.
7) To create a shell script for subtracting 2 numbers, type gedit sub.sh, enter
the following code and save the file:
#!/bin/sh
echo "Enter x: "
read x
echo "Enter y: "
read y
z=`expr $x - $y`
echo "$x - $y = $z"
8) To make the script executable, type chmod 755 sub.sh in the terminal.
9) Type ./sub.sh to run the script. Provide the input and verify the result.
10) To create a shell script for multiplying 2 numbers, type gedit mult.sh, enter
the following code and save the file:
#!/bin/sh
echo "Enter x: "
read x
echo "Enter y: "
read y
z=`echo "scale=3; $x * $y" | bc`
echo "$x * $y = $z"
11) The command bc stands for binary calculator. Scale sets the number of
significant digits to be displayed in the result.
12) To make the script executable, type chmod 755 mult.sh in the terminal.
13) Type ./mult.sh to run the script. Provide the input and verify the result.
14) To create a shell script for dividing 2 numbers, type gedit div.sh, enter the
following code and save the file:
#!/bin/sh
echo "Enter x: "
read x
echo "Enter y: "
read y
z=`echo "scale=3; $x / $y" | bc`
echo "$x / $y = $z"
15) To make the script executable, type chmod 755 div.sh in the terminal.
47 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

16) Type ./div.sh to run the script. Provide the input and verify the result.
Ex. No.42
Date: 19.10.2017
AIM: Creating shell script using if condition in Linux
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Linux operating system.
2) Login using your ID and password.
3) Press Windows (or Alt) key. Type Terminal (which brings terminal into
view). Click on Terminal icon to open bash (Bourne Again Shell) in Linux.
4) If condition permits –eq for equal to, -lt for less than, -gt for greater than, -
le for less than or equal to, -ge for greater than or equal to.
5) If condition ends with fi. Continued else if is denoted by elif.
6) Type gedit oddeven.sh, enter following code, save the file, type chmod 755
oddeven.sh and run the file using the ./oddeven.sh:
#!/bin/sh
echo “Enter x: “
read x
y=`echo “$x % 2” | bc`
if [ $y –eq 0 ]; then
echo “Even number”
else
echo “Odd number”
fi
7) To verify permissions of a file, use –x : Executable, -w : Writeable, -r :
Readable. Type the following script using gedit perm.sh:
#!/bin/sh
if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
echo "Usage: $0 <file name>"
exit 1
fi
echo "Permissions for $1"
if [ -x $1 ]; then
echo "Executable"
else
echo "Not executable"
fi

if [ -w $1 ]; then
echo "Writable"
else

48 COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
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echo "Not writable"

fi

if [ -r $1 ]; then
echo "Readable"
else
echo "Not readable"
fi
8) Type chmod 755 perm.sh and run it using ./perm.sh perm.sh, ./perm.sh
fl.txt.
9) Type echo $? and ensure that the exit status is 0 (success).
10) Then type ./perm.sh, followed by echo $? to see that exit status is 1
(failure).
Ex. No.43
Date: 20.10.2017
AIM: Creating shell script using if and case conditions
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Linux operating system.
2) Login using your ID and password.
3) Press Windows (or Alt) key. Type Terminal (which brings terminal into
view). Click on Terminal icon to open bash (Bourne Again Shell) in Linux.
4) To create a shell script to read aloud a single digit number using if
condition, type gedit readif, enter the following code and save the file:
#!/bin/sh
if [ -$# -eq 0 ]; then
echo "Usage: $0 <single digit number>"
exit 1
fi

if [ $1 -eq 0 ]; then
echo "Zero"
elif [ $1 -eq 1 ]; then
echo "One"
elif [ $1 -eq 2 ]; then
echo "Two"
elif [ $1 -eq 3 ]; then
echo "Three"
elif [ $1 -eq 4 ]; then
echo "Four"
elif [ $1 -eq 5 ]; then
echo "Five"
49 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

elif [ $1 -eq 6 ]; then

echo "Six"
elif [ $1 -eq 7 ]; then
echo "Seven"
elif [ $1 -eq 8 ]; then
echo "Eight"
elif [ $1 -eq 9 ]; then
echo "Nine"
else
echo "Only a single digit number is permitted"
fi
5) To make the script executable, type chmod 755 readif in the terminal.
6) Type ./readif to run the script. After looking at the error message, type
echo $?. It means the script failed.
7) Type ./readif 4, readif 9, ./readif 10 to see the result. Run echo $? after
each trial to verify that the exit status is 0 (success).
8) To create a shell script to read aloud a single digit number using case
condition, type gedit readcase, enter the following code and save the file:
#!/bin/sh
if [ -$# -eq 0 ]; then
echo "Usage: $0 <single digit number>"
exit 1
fi

case $1 in
0)
echo "Zero"
;;
1)
echo "One"
;;
2)
echo "Two"
;;
3)
echo "Three"
;;
4)
echo "Four"
;;
5)
50 COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
 Compendium of Practical Procedures: COPA, Semester-1

echo "Five"
;;
6)
echo "Six"
;;
7)
echo "Seven"
;;
8)
echo "Eight"
;;
9)
echo "Nine"
;;
*)
echo "Only a single digit number is permitted"
;;
esac
9) To make the script executable, type chmod 755 readcase in the terminal.
10) Type ./readcase to run the script. After looking at the error message, type
echo $?. It means the script failed.
11) Type ./readcase 1, readcase 5, ./readcase 25 to see the result. Run echo $?
after each trial to verify that the exit status is 0 (success).
Ex. No.44
Date: 20.10.2017
AIM: Creating shell script using for loop
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Linux operating system.
2) Login using your ID and password.
3) Press Windows (or Alt) key. Type Terminal (which brings terminal into
view). Click on Terminal icon to open bash (Bourne Again Shell) in Linux.
4) To create a shell script to calculate the sum of first n integers, type gedit
sum, enter the following code and save the file:
#!/bin/sh
if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then
echo "Usage: $0 <integer>"
exit 1
fi
sum=0
for i in `seq 1 $1` ; do
sum=`expr $sum + $i`
51 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

done
echo "1+...+$1 = $sum"

5) To make the script executable, type chmod 755 sum in the terminal.
6) Type ./sum to run the script. Type ./sum 4, ./sum 9, ./sum 20 to see the
result. Run echo $? after each trial to verify that the exit status is 0
(success).
7) To create a shell script to display the file type of each file using for loop,
type gedit , enter the following code and save the file:
#!/bin/bash
for i in $( ls ); do
file $i
done
8) To make the script executable, type chmod 755 forloop in the terminal.
9) Type ./forloop to run the script.
10) This script displays name of each file and a brief description of the file.
Ex. No.45
Date: 20.10.2017
AIM: Creating shell script using while and until loops
PROCEDURE:
1) Open Linux operating system.
2) Login using your ID and password.
3) Press Windows (or Alt) key. Type Terminal (which brings terminal into
view). Click on Terminal icon to open bash (Bourne Again Shell) in Linux.
4) To calculate factorial of given number (e.g., 4! = 1x2x3x4) using while loop,
type gedit fact, enter the following script and save the file:
#!/bin/sh
if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then
echo "Usage: $0 <number>"
exit 1
fi
i=1
f=1
while [ $i -le $1 ]; do
f=`echo "$f * $i" | bc`
i=`expr $i + 1`
done
echo "$1! = $f"
5) To make the script executable, type chmod 755 fact in the terminal.

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 Compendium of Practical Procedures: COPA, Semester-1

6) Run the script without any argument ($# - argument count, $1 – first
argument to the program). Type echo $? To find the exit status (0 denotes
success).
7) Type ./fact 3, ./fact 7, ./fact 10, etc. and check the sum displayed.
8) Verify exit status using the command echo $? after each run.
9) To calculate display first n numbers of Fibonacci sequence using until loop,
type gedit fibo, enter the following script and save the file:
#!/bin/sh
echo "Enter number of elements of Fibonacci series"
read n
x=1
y=1
printf "First %d elements of Fibonacci series:\n%d\t" $n $x # First element is 1
until [ $n -eq 1 ]; do
printf "%d\t" $y # Current value of Fibonacci element
z=$y # Save present value of y in z
y=`expr $x + $y` # Calculate new value of y from the sum of x and y
x=$z # Store the value of y (saved in z) in x
n=`expr $n - 1` # Decrease the value of n by 1
sleep 1s # Wait for 1 second before displaying the result
done
echo ""

10) The portions to the right of # symbol stand for comment. Comment is
ignored by the shell.
11) To make the script executable, type chmod 755 fibo in the terminal.
12) Run the script without any argument ($# - argument count, $1 – first
argument to the program). Type echo $? To find the exit status (0 denotes
success).
13) Type ./fibo 3, ./fibo 7, ./fibo 25, etc. and check the sum displayed.
14) Verify exit status using the command echo $? after each run.
Ex. No.46
Date: 27.10.2017
AIM: Creating and saving a Word document
PROCEDURE:
1) Press Windows+R, type winword and press Enter key (or choose Start->All
Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Word.)
2) MS Word opens with a blank document.
3) Open Page Layout->Page Setup (shortcut: Alt+P+SP). Page Setup dialog
appears. Choose A4 under Paper tab, Set 2.5cm (1”) against top margin,

53 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

2.5cm (1”) against bottom margin, 3cm (1.25”) against left margin and 2.5cm
(1”) against right margin.
4) Open Paragraph dialog (shortcut: Alt+H+PG/ Alt+P+PG). Choose 0 pt against
Before, 0 pt against After and Single against Line spacing.
5) Press centre alignment (Ctrl+E), Bold font (shortcut: Ctrl+B). Set Font size
(shortcut: Alt+H+FS) to 14. Type the following sentence:
LEAVE LETTER
6) Press Enter key to terminate the line.
7) Press Bold (shortcut: Ctrl+B) to reset bold font to normal font, set alignment
to Right (shortcut: Ctrl+R) to reset centre alignment and type the following.
Puducherry, dated 27-Oct-2017
8) Set alignment to Justified (shortcut: Ctrl+J) to reset right alignment to
justified alignment.
9) Type the following content:

From
<name>,
COPA, I-Semester,
Govt. ITI for Women,
Puducherry.

To
The Principal,
Govt. ITI for Women,
Puducherry.

Sir,

10) Choose Home->Paragraph (shortcut: Alt+H+PG), set Line Spacing to 1.5 lines
(Ctrl+5 for 1.5 line, Ctrl+1 for single line, Ctrl+2 for double line).
11) Type the following content:

As I am suffering from fever, please grant me one day of Casual Leave on

23.10.2017. Medical Certificate for treatment of fever is attached herewith for
perusal and acceptance please.
12) Press enter key to end paragraph.
13) Click Centre align (shortcut: Ctrl+E) and type the following:

Thanking you,
54 COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
 Compendium of Practical Procedures: COPA, Semester-1

Yours obediently,

(<NAME>)
Encl: Medical certificate

14) Name should be typed in bold letters.

15) Select the lines containing Yours obediently and name. Press TAB key until
the two lines are placed sufficiently to the right side. If an extra TAB has
been hit and the sentences break to next line, hit Shift+TAB to bring them to
the left.
16) The finished letter should appear as follows:

LEAVE LETTER
Puducherry, dated 27-Oct-2017

From
<name>,
COPA, I-Semester,
Govt. ITI for Women,
Puducherry.

To
The Principal,
Govt. ITI for Women,
Puducherry.

Sir,
As I am suffering from fever, please grant me one day of Casual Leave on
23.10.2017.
Thanking you,
Yours obediently,

(<NAME>)
Encl: Medical certificate
17) Press File->Save (shortcut: Ctrl+S) to save the document. When File Dialog
appears, type <name>-Ex-46 in the file name box and press Save button.

55 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

18) Save the same file in a new name <name>-Ex-46-copy using File->Save As.
The second file acts like a backup to the original file. The second file may also
be used to create a similar letter with some changes.
19) Adjust the – or + symbols shown at bottom right corner to change zoom
level.
20) Choose File->Print (shortcut Ctrl+P) to print the file to PDF document.
Choose Microsoft Print to PDF as the printer. Press OK button. Provide
<name>-Ex-46 when Microsoft Print to PDF seeks a name. Open the PDF file
in Adobe Reader.
21) Marking scheme: Page settings – 10, Paragraph settings – 10, Document –
60, Save – 5, Save As – 5, Adjusting zoom level – 5, Print – 5.
Ex. No.47
Date: 30.10.2017
AIM: Creating a single page Word document with table and Tamil text
PROCEDURE:
1) Press Windows+R, type winword and press Enter key (or choose Start->All
Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Word.)

2) MS Word opens with a blank document.

3) Open Page Layout->Page Setup (shortcut: Alt+P+SP). Page Setup dialog

appears. Choose A4 under Paper tab, Set 1.5cm (0.6”) against top margin,
1.5cm (0.6”) against bottom margin, 3cm (1.25”) against left margin and
2.5cm (1”) against right margin.

4) Choose Insert->Shapes->Line. Draw a horizontal line (hold shift key to make

it horizontal) just below the top margin. Type the following sentences at font
size 16, Font Face to Times New Roman Centre alignment: “NAMES OF
PLANTS IN ENGLISH AND TAMIL”

5) Insert a table by choosing Insert->Table and choose 6 rows and 30 columns

(or press Alt+N+T or Alt+a+i+t and choose 6 rows and 30 columns.). Set
alignment to Left inside each cell of the table. Choose a design with light fill
color from Design menu.

NAMES OF PLANTS IN ENGLISH AND TAMIL

S. No. Botanical Name Common Tamil Name How is it
Name in called
56 COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
 Compendium of Practical Procedures: COPA, Semester-1

English locally?
1 Abelmoscus esculentus Lady’s finger bt©il
2 Acacia coccina Soap acacia Áif¡fh
3 Achyranthes aspera ehÍUé
4 Anacardium occidentale Cashew KªÂç
5 Anona squamosa Custard apple Ójh¥gH«
6 Artocarpus integrifolia Jack fruit gyh
7 Bryophyllum f£o¥ ngh£lhš
F£o¥nghL«
8 Calotropis gigantean Madar plant vU¡F
9 Citrus sinensis Sweet orange rh¤J¡Fo
10 Cocus nucifera Coconut bj‹id
11 Coriandrum sativum Coriander bfh¤Jkšè,
jåah
12 Gossypium arboretum Cotton gU¤Â
13 Cucumis sativus Cucumber btŸsç¡fh ,
njhir¡fh
14 Cucurbita maxima Pumpkin órâ¡fh /
gu§»¡fh /
murhiz¡fh
15 Cuscuta reflexa Amar bell m«ikah® Tªjš
16 Ficus glomerata Fig m¤Â
17 Impatiens balsamia Balsam ghšr«/ghšbr©L
18 Lablab purpurreus Bean mtiu
19 Lycopersicon esculentum Tomato j¡fhë
20 Mangifera Indica Mango kh
21 Mimosa pudica Touch-me-not bjh£lhš ÁQ§»
plant
22 Mirabilis jalapa Four o’ clock mªÂkªjhiu
plant
23 Nelumbo nucifera Indian lotus jhkiu
24 Oyza sativa Paddy/ rice beš
25 Pisum sativum Pea g£lhâ
26 Polyalthia longifolia Mast tree be£oè§f«
27 Pyrus malus Apple M¥ÃŸ
28 Ricinus communis Castor Mkz¡F/K¤J¡
bfh£il
29 Tridax procumbens bt£L¡fha¥
ó©L¢bro

80

57 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
 Prepared By: Dr.V.Nagaradjane, Email: [email protected]

6) Choose Insert->Page Number->Bottom of Page->Plain Number 2 (centre

aligned). Edit the number and change it to 80.
Ex. No.48
Date: 30.10.2017
AIM: Creating a single page Word document with images and textboxes
PROCEDURE:
1) Press Windows+R, type winword and press Enter key (or choose Start->All Apps-
>Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Word.)
2) MS Word opens with a blank document.
3) Open Page Layout->Page Setup (shortcut: Alt+P+SP). Page Setup dialog appears. Choose
A4 under Paper tab, Set 1.5cm (0.6”) against top margin, 1.5cm (0.6”) against bottom
margin, 3cm (1.25”) against left margin and 2.5cm (1”) against right margin.
4) Choose Insert->Shapes->Line. Draw a horizontal line (hold shift key to make it horizontal)
just below the top margin. Type the following sentences at font size 16, justified
alignment:

3. We are surrounded by smoke. Is this situation good for our health. Give reason.
4. List out the harmful effects of burning coal.

5) Type the following sentence with Centre alignment, set font colour to green, font face to
Arial Black, font size to 18:
Unique Ecosystems of Tamilnadu
6) Insert a table by choosing Insert->Table and choose 2 rows and 2 columns (or press
Alt+N+T or Alt+a+i+t and choose 2 rows and 2 columns.). Set alignment to Centre inside
each cell of the table.
7) Insert the 4 photos given in the pen drive (Choose Insert->Picture (Alt+N+P), select the
photo and press Insert). Add captions as shown in the figure. The photos should look as
follows:

Sholas and Grasslands Theri Kaadu

Western Ghats Mukuperi, Thoothukudi

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 Compendium of Practical Procedures: COPA, Semester-1

Mangrove Forests Neela Kurinji- Plant that blooms once in

Pichavaram, Cuddalore 12 years - The Nilgris

8) Right click on the top left corner of the table. Choose Borders and Shading and set None.
9) Insert a rounded rectangle using Insert->Shapes, Rounded Rectangle. Right Click on the
rectangle, choose Format Autoshape, set Line to No Color, Fill to light green. Press Ok
button. Set Font color to blue (Home panel). Type the following:

The Sholas and grasslands of the Western Ghats are the sources of all our
South Indian rivers. All the hillocks in the upper mountains
have this unique ecosystem, which we cannot create.

10) Insert another rounded rectangle using Insert->Shapes, Rounded Rectangle. Right click on
the rectangle, choose Format Auto shape. Set Line to dark Green colour, Fill to light green
colour. Type the following content. Select the words, “Further Reference”, set Text
Highlight Colour to Green, Text Colour to White. Type the following content:
Further Reference
Books: 1. Environmental Studies, Dr.P.J.Sharma, Laxmi publication, New Delhi.
2. Complete Biology (IGCSE), Oxford University press, New York.

Webliography: www.enviroliteracy.org/article.php/600 html,

science.howstuffworks.com

11) Choose Insert->Page Number->Bottom of Page->Plain Number 2 (centre aligned). Edit the
number and change it to 132.
12) Finished page should look like the sample given below:

3. We are surrounded by smoke. Is this situation good for our health. Give reason.
4. List out the harmful effects of burning coal.
Unique Ecosystems of Tamilnadu

Sholas and Grasslands Theri Kaadu

Western Ghats Mukuperi, Thoothukudi

59 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
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Mangrove Forests Neela Kurinji- Plant that blooms once in

Pichavaram, Cuddalore 12 years - The Nilgris

The Sholas and grasslands of the Western Ghats are the sources of all our
South Indian rivers. All the hillocks in the upper mountains
have this unique ecosystem, which we cannot create.

Further Reference
Books: 1. Environmental Studies, Dr.P.J.Sharma, Laxmi publication, New Delhi.
2. Complete Biology (IGCSE), Oxford University press, New York.
Webliography: www.enviroliteracy.org/article.php/600 html,
science.howstuffworks.com
132

Ex. No.49
Date: 06.10.2017
AIM: Creating a flow charts using MS Word
PROCEDURE:
1) Press Windows+R, type winword and press Enter key (or choose Start->All Apps-
>Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Word.)
2) MS Word opens with a blank document.
3) Open Page Layout->Page Setup (shortcut: Alt+P+SP). Page Setup dialog appears. Choose
A4 under Paper tab, Set 2.0cm (0.8”) against top margin, 2cm (0.8”) against bottom
margin, 2.54cm (1”) against left margin and 2cm (0.8”) against right margin.
4) Flow chart is a collection of Shape objects like ellipse, rectangle, rhombus, circle, etc.
interconnected by arrows.
5) Choose Insert->Shapes->Ellipse. Draw an ellipse. Right click on the ellipse. Choose Add
text from the context menu. Type Start. Press Ctrl+E to centre the text.
Start

Read n
6) Choose Insert->Shapes->Flowchart->Input from the menu and place the shape below the
start. Right click, choose Add text, type Read n and press Ctrl+E to centre the text.
7) Draw an arrow to connect the two shapes from Start to Read n.
8) Similarly, continue inserting shapes like Flowchart process, Flowchart Decision, etc.,
connect them and complete the flow chart as given below:

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9) After completing the flowchart, choose each element of flowchart by holding the Ctrl
button. Right click on any one element, choose Grouping->Group. This will make the
entire flow chart to behave as a single new element. Choose Grouping->Ungroup to
break them apart when required.
10) Choose Centre alignment (Ctrl+E), Bold font (Ctrl+B) and type Flow chart 10.9.
11) Type the following sentence in the next line with Justified alignment, 14 point size:
Flow chart 10.10 finds the smallest integer n such that, 1+2+3+....+n is equal to or just
greater than 100.
12) Draw the following flowchart and type Flow chart 10.10 for its title.
13) Group the elements of the second flow chart by selecting each element, right clicking,
choosing Grouping->Group.
14) Choose Insert->Page Number->Buttom of Page->Bottom Centre and type 290 at the
footer.
15) Save the document and print the same.

16) The finished document should look like the one given below:

61 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
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Ex. No.50
Date: 06.10.2017
AIM: Creating a question paper layout using hidden tables
PROCEDURE:
1) Press Windows+R, type winword and press Enter key (or choose Start->All Apps-
>Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Word.)
2) MS Word opens with a blank document.
3) Open Page Layout->Page Setup (shortcut: Alt+P+SP). Page Setup dialog appears. Choose
A4 under Paper tab, Set 2.0cm (0.8”) against top margin, 2cm (0.8”) against bottom
margin, 2.54cm (1”) against left margin and 2cm (0.8”) against right margin.
4) Choose Home->Styles->Heading2 and type the following:

Choose the best antonyms for the italicised words from the options given
below:
5) Choose Insert->Table and select 5 columns and 2 rows.
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6) Select column numbers 2 to 5. Right click, select Merge cells or choose Layout->Merge
Cells or press Alt+JL+M or press Alt+A+M. Type the following content:
1. He cursed himself for his inability to fulfil the condition.
a) Inadequacy b) Capacity c) Ability d) sincerity
7) Leave column 1 of second row empty. Select columns 2 to 5 of the second row, right click
and choose Distribute columns or press Alt+JL+UC.
8) Type tab from the last column of second row and insert new rows as required. Typeset
the following questions:
1. He cursed himself for his inability to fulfil the condition.
a) inadequacy b) capacity c) ability d) sincerity
2. His Pictures were eagerly sought after.
a) expectantly b) enthusiastically c) differently d) indifferently
9) Similarly, typeset the remaining questions as follows:
1. He cursed himself for his inability to fulfil the condition.
e) inadequacy f) capacity g) ability h) sincerity
2. His Pictures were eagerly sought after.
e) expectantly f) enthusiastically g) differently h) indifferently
3. His expectation was most piteous.
a) pathetic b) joyous c) kind d) anxious
4. Do not tell him any private affairs.
a) impersonal b) public c) secret d) privileged
5. Such men as the Baron are very rare.
a) common b) uncommon c) difficult d) dear
10) Place the cursor inside any cell in the table. Right click on the + symbol at top left corner,
choose Home->Borders->No Border (Alt+H+B+N) or right click, choose Borders and
Shading and select None. The questions now appear as follows:

Choose the best antonyms for the italicised words from the options given
below:
1. He cursed himself for his inability to fulfil the condition.
i) inadequacy j) capacity k) ability l) sincerity
2. His Pictures were eagerly sought after.
i) expectantly j) enthusiastically k) differently l) indifferently
3. His expectation was most piteous.
e) pathetic f) joyous g) kind h) anxious
4. Do not tell him any private affairs.
e) impersonal f) public g) secret h) privileged
5. Such men as the Baron are very rare.
e) common f) uncommon g) difficult h) dear
11) Choose Home->Styles->Heading2, type the following:

Construct your own sentences using the phrases given below:

12) Change the style to Normal and type the following:
to make matters worse, used to, take up, on account of
13) Then type the following fill in the blanks with styles Heading2 and Normal as follows:

Fill in the blanks with the right homophones:

1. The colour of your __________ is the same as that of the ___________. (hair/ hare)
2. Do you __________ the answer? _______, I don’t. (no/ know)
3. I can __________ the bell from _______. (hear/ here)
4. ____________ day on earth is measured by the ___________. (hour/ our)
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5. He wants to _________ a flat ___________ selling his house. (by/ buy)

14) Choose the style Heading1, type Grammar. Choose style Heading2 and type Reported-
Speech – Revision. Typeset the following content:

Grammar
Reported Speech – Revision
Look at these sentences:
Statements-
15) Insert a table with 2 rows and 2 columns, type the following content:
(Direct speech) “What can I do for you?” the Headmaster asked the boy.
“I have come to ask you for a scholarship”, the body said.
(Indirect speech) The Headmaster asked the boy what he could do for that boy.
The boy replied that he had come to ask him for a scholarship.
16) Right click the table, choose Borders and shading and hide the borders.
17) Choose Page Layout->Page Borders (Alt+P+PB). Select Box border.
18) Choose Insert->Page Number->Bottom->Plain Number 2 (Alt+N+NU+B). Type 6 at the
footer.
19) The finished page should look like the one shown below:

Ex. No.51
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Date: 07.10.2017
AIM: Typesetting a Tamil page in MS Word
PROCEDURE:
1) Press Windows+R, type winword and press Enter key (or choose Start->All
Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Word.)
2) MS Word opens with a blank document.
3) Open Page Layout->Page Setup (shortcut: Alt+P+SP). Page Setup dialog
appears. Choose A4 under Paper tab, Set 2.54cm (1”) against top margin,
2cm (0.8”) against bottom margin, 2.54cm (1”) against left margin and
2.54cm (1”) against right margin.
4) Choose Page Layout->Page Borders (Alt+P+PB). Choose Box border. Press
Options. Press Options. Choose Text in the Measure from option.
5) Insert the image (img-51) using Insert->Picture (Alt+N+P). Adjust the image
size to fit the paper.
6) Click on the image. Choose Format. Adjust the brightness, contrast and
colour values as desired. Choose Crop. Remove unwanted portions of the
image from bottom part.
7) Right Click the picture. Choose Format picture. Choose Line Color on the left
panel. Select Solid line on the right panel. Choose Line style from the left
panel. Set 2 pt against Width.
8) Typeset the given content in Tamil.
9) Choose Insert->Page Number->Buttom->Plain Number 2 (Alt+N+NU+B).
Enter 64 against page number.
10) The finished page should appear like the page given overleaf.

Ex. No.52
Date: 08.10.2017
AIM: Typesetting equations using MS Word
PROCEDURE:
1) Press Windows+R, type winword and press Enter key (or choose Start->All
Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Word.)
2) MS Word opens with a blank document.
3) Open Page Layout->Page Setup (shortcut: Alt+P+SP). Page Setup dialog
appears. Choose A4 under Paper tab, Set 2.54cm (1”) against top margin,
2.54cm (1”) against bottom margin, 3cm (1.18”) against left margin and 2cm
(0.8”) against right margin.
4) Insert a textbox at the centre top of page, Type Exercise 7.1, set Centre
alignment, bold font, as shown below (Set textbox border to 2pt):
Exercise 7.1

65 | COPA, Semester-1 | Compendium of Practical Exercises (as per DGT Syllabus, 2014 Revision)
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5) Insert a table with 2 rows and 2 columns. In the first row, type the following
sentence:
1. Determine whether each of the following is an identity or not.

6) Place cursor in the second row, second column. Select Layout->Split Cells
(Alt+JL+P/ Alt+A+P). Choose 2 columns, 1 row. The cell appears as given
below:
1. Determine whether each of the following is an identity or not.

7) Choose Insert->Equation->Insert new equation (Alt+N+I). Typeset the

following equations. Use the Design menu that appears on selecting the
equation to typeset the formats required for the equations.
1. Determine whether each of the following is an identity or not.
(i) + =2+ (ii) + =

8) Now, insert a row below the first one. Select 2nd and 3rd cells of 3rd row.
Choose Layout->Merge Cells (Alt+JL+M). Type the following sentence.
1. Determine whether each of the following is an identity or not.
(i) + =2+ (ii) + =
2. Prove the following identities
9) Insert another row at the bottom. Split the cells to 2 columns, 1 row. Type
the following equation.
1. Determine whether each of the following is an identity or not.
(i) + =2+ (ii) + =
2. Prove the following identities
(i) + = (ii) = + cot

10) Equation elements are available under Design menu when an equation
object is selected.
11) Use table with required number of columns.
12) After typesetting all the equations, click anywhere inside the table, right
click at the plus symbol appearing at top left corner of table, select Borders
and Shading and choose None.
13) Choose Insert->Page Number->Bottom->Accent Bar 1 under Page X.
14) Page number is displayed at the bottom left of page. Click on page number,
choose Design->Page Number->Format Page Number (Alt+JH+NU+F).
15) Set start value for numbering at 204.
16) Select the page number. Set light orange background colour and white
foreground colour for number.
17) Select the line and Page. Set light orange foreground colour.

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18) Delete the text Page to the right of page number and type 10th Std.
Mathematics there.
19) The finished page should look like the one shown overleaf.

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Ex.53
Date: 09.11.2017
AIM: To prepare a birthday invitation using MS Word
ITEM SPECIFICATION
Paper A5
Margins 1cm on all sides
Font Any script type font
PROCEDURE
1. Open MS Word.
2. Click Page Layout->Page Setup. Select A5 paper size. Set 1cm as the
margin on all 4 sides (top, bottom, left and right). Click Layout->Borders
and choose a suitable border & art work. Click Options button and select
Text to set “measure from”.
3. In Page Layout menu, press Page Color button. Choose any light colour
for page background.
4. Click Water Mark button in Page Layout menu. “Select custom water
mark”->Picture water mark->Select picture (Alt+P+PW+W). Choose a
suitable picture to function as the background water mark for the page.
If you want the water mark to be light, keep the tick mark Washout
button. Otherwise, remove the tick mark before Washout button.
5. Set centre alignment (Ctrl+E or Alt+H+AC). Choose any script font to as
per your taste (a font that ends with script or contains the word script in
its name resembles handwriting). Set Font Style to Bold (Ctrl+B or
Alt+H+1). Set Font Color to red. Set Line spacing to 1.5. Type the
following sentence:
Birthday Party Invitation
To increase font size dynamically, press Ctrl+Shift+ > (Ctrl+Shift+Greater
than). Similarly, to reduce fond size, choose Ctrl+Shift+< (Ctrl+Shift+Less
than). 36 point size is suitable for heading of the invitation.
6. Set font color to blue. Reduce font size to 22. Choose a different script
font if you wish. Type the following:
I take immense pleasure in inviting you
To attend my birthday celebrations
On
12.12.2017
At
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Banquet Hall, Anandha Inn, Pondicherry

Birthday Celebration between 5pm and 7.30pm
and for a
Dinner party between 7.30pm & 10pm
Kindly bless me on my birthday!
Sathiya
7. After tying the above sentences, insert a picture using Insert->Picture
menu. Right click the picture, point “Text Wrapping” in the popup menu
and click “Behind Text” to send the image behind the text. Resize the
image by dragging any of the circles shown in corners or middle of the
picture.
8. To type the content required for printing on the cover of the invitation
open new page (if already not opened) using Page Layout->Breaks->Page
(Alt+P+B+P).
9. Type the following line after setting centre alignment and font size to 36

Birthday Party
& font color to red:

Invitation
10.Set Font size to 22, font color to blue and type the following content:
To
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
From
Sathiya
Nethaji Nagar,
Ariyankuppam-605007.
11.Print the invitation on A5 size paper.

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Ex. No.54
Date: 10.11.2016
AIM: Prepare sports certificates for 4 trainees of Govt. ITI for Women, with the
following specifications:
Sl. No. Item Specification
1 Paper size A4
2 Orientation Landscape
3 Margins 1cm on all sides
4 Page border 3 pt wide on all sides
5 Font preference Script font for body of certificate
List of trainees is shown below:
Name Trade Placement Event name
Abirami.A COPA First Volley Ball
Ananthi.A COPA Second Throw Ball
Slow
Anitha.M COPA Second Cycling
Water
Buvaneswari.K COPA First Filling
Procedure
1) Open MS Word.
2) Choose Page Layout->Page Setup. Set orientation to Landscape, all
margins to 1cm and paper size to A4. In the page setup dialog, choose
Borders, select Box setting, set suitable border art, click Options button,
set Text in the box adjacent to Measure from label.
3) Insert a table with 1 row and 3 columns using Insert->Table menu.
4) On the left side column, insert the logo of Govt. ITI for Women. On the
right side column, insert ITI logo. Right click the logo images, choose Size
from the popup menu, change the height to 2cm each.
5) Insert Govt. of India logo at the centre and resize it to 0.7cm height.
6) Type the ITI address lines below the Govt. of India logo. Change the
colours suitably (blue, red combination is preferable).

7) Hide all borderlines of the table.

8) Bring the cursor below address line. Set the font colour to blue, font
name to Algerian, font size to 36, alignment to centre and type
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“ANNUAL SPORTS MEET”. Press enter to bring the cursor to the next
line.
9) Set font face to “CommercialScript BT”, font size to 48, font colour to red
and type “Certificate of Merit”.

10) Change font size to 22, set colour to blue, keep font face at
“CommercialScript BT” and type the following lines with appropriate
blank spaces for names.

@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
This is to certify that _____________________________________ of

__________________________ trade, secured _______ place in

__________________ event conducted as part of Annual Sports Meet 2016.

@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@

11) Insert a table with 1 row and 3 columns. After setting font face to
“Times New Roman”, font size to 16, alignment to “Center”, type the
name of the Principal on the left column and name of Commissioner on
the right column.
12) Open MS Excel, type the list shown in question (name20.xlsx).
13) Choose Mailings->Select Recepient->Use Existing List and select
the name20.xlsx, sheet1.
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14) Insert Text Box from Insert->Shapes menu. Right click the text box,
choose Format Text Box, set Fill to No color and Line to No color. Click
Preview Results button in Mailings menu.

15) Copy, paste, resize, delete old merge field and insert new merge
field in text boxes at required locations. The merged document should
have all empty fields filled up.

16) Use preview results to view the mail merge results and “Finish &
Merge->Edit Individual Documents” to create new mail merged word
document.
17) Print the mail merged document.

Ex. No.55
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Date: 16.11.2016
AIM: Prepare identity card for yourself
Specifications:
Sl. No. Item Specification
1 Paper size A4
2 Orientation Portrait
3 Margins 0.5cm on all sides
Details to be furnished in the ID card are:
Front: Name, trade, duration, Regn. No., NSQF Level
Rear: Adhaar, Blood Group, DOB, Phone, Mobile, Address, Valid upto
Procedure
1) Open MS Word.
2) Choose Page Layout->Page Setup. Set orientation to Portrait, all
margins to 0.5cm and paper size to A4.
3) Insert a table with 1 row and 3 columns using Insert->Table
menu.
4) Divide the first column to 3 columns and 3 rows using Layout-
>Split (Alt+JL+P).
5) Adjust the width of first column to 9cm, second column to 1cm
and third column to 9cm.
6) Set the height of row to 1.8cm (5.4cm in total).

7) Insert Skill India logo in the left cell, ITI logo in the right cell. Set
height to 1cm for both images.
8) Insert Govt. of India logo at the centre of page. Set the height
to 0.5cm.

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9) Insert a rounded rectangle. Set the line color to dark blue,

weight ot 2pt. Add the text “Government of
Puducherry\nGovernment ITI for Women\n1, NSC Bose Road,
Pondicherry-605001” inside the rounded rectangle.

10) Adjust the height of first row to 2cm, second row to 0.5cm and
third tow to 3cm (total height = 5.5cm).
11) Insert table having 4 rows and 4 columns in the last row. Right
align the table. Adjust the width to leave 2cm width on the left
side.
12) Set the font to Arial Narrow. Type Name, Trade, Duration, Reg.
No. and NSQF level in the table.
13) Type PRINCIPAL at the right end.

14) Insert your photo and adjust its width to 2cm at the end of the
table.

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15) Set Font name to Arial Narrow, font size to 7 points. Choose
Home->Paragraph (Alt+H+G). Set Before and After space to 3 pt.
16) On the third column, insert a table with 3 rows and 6 columns.
Type Adhaar No., Phone No., Blood Group, Mobile and Date of
birth.

17) Type residential address below the table. Type the text Valid
Upto: 31.07.2018 at the end of the row.

18) Hide the border for the main table, the Name table in the first
column and Adhaar table in the third column. The card looks like
the one shown below:

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19) Copy the larger table by clicking at the + mark appearing in the
top left corner.
20) Press Enter key below the table to insert 1 or 2 blank lines.
21) Paste the table.
22) Repeat steps 20 and 21 until the entire page is filled up.
23) Edit the new tables and insert details of 3 other persons in the
table.
24) Finished layout of ID cards is shown overleaf.

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Ex. No.56
Date: 17.11.2016
AIM: Prepare Jungle Book Story in book format
Specifications:
Sl. No. Item Specification
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1 Paper size A5
2 Orientation Portrait
3 Margins 0.5cm on all sides
Procedure
1) Open MS Word.
2) Choose Page Layout->Page Setup. Set orientation to Portrait, all margins
to 0.5cm and paper size to A5.
3) Insert header and footer for first page.
4) Keeping cursor in the header, open Design menu. Place a tick mark
against Different Odd and Even pages.
5) Set the headers and footers.
6) Insert 4 blank pages. Use Page Layout->Breaks->Odd Page to insert a
new section.
7) Format the number of 5th page to Indo-Arabic numeral and set number
to 1.
8) Type the following content in the document:

Mowgli joins Wolf pack

Mowgli is adopted by the wolf pack

One day, a young child named Mowgli strays from his village. Shere Khan the
tiger tries to attack Mowgli. He is saved by Father Wolf, who asks Akela, the
leader of the wolves, to accept Mowgli as a member of the pack.
Shere Khan the tiger pursues Mowgli. When Father Wolf takes the boy home
with him to show to Mother Wolf, Shere Khan follows and demands the child
as his quarry. Mother Wolf refuses. The tiger retires in anger. Mowgli, the
frog, for so he is named, is reared by Mother Wolf along with her own cubs.

Figure 1 Rock Council admits Mowgli to Wolf Pack

Baloo the the Bear Teaches Mowgli

The bear named Baloo, teaches Mowgli. Mowgli spends his time in learning
and playing.

Figure 2 Baloo the Bear Teaches Mowgli

Baloo and Mowgli happily spend their time in playing and in learning. Baloo
teaches Mowgli to pick fruits, swim, jump and dance.

Figure 4 Baloo swims taking Mowgli on its stomach

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Mowgli is caught in Dangers

Kaa the Python tries to eat Mowgli

A python named Kaa lives in the jungle. It crushes and eats monkeys of the
forest. Kaa tries to mesmerize Mowgli and eat him. By a happy coincidence,
Bagheera intervenes and saves the life of Mowgli just when the python tries
to swallow him.

Figure 5 Kaa, the Python tries to Mesmerize Mowgli

Figure 6 The Python tries to swallow Mowgli

Monkey’s kidnap Mowgli

One day, Mowgli climbs a tree and makes friends with the Bandar-Log, the
monkey tribe, who because of their stupidity and vanity are despised by the
other jungle people.

When the Bandar-Log carries off Mowgli, Bagheera and Baloo go in pursuit,
taking along Kaa, the rock python, who loves to eat monkeys.

Mowgli is rescued at the old ruined city of the Cold Lairs by Kaa, Bageera and
Baloo. Kaa feasts royally upon monkey meat.

Mowgli Plays with Animal Friends

Mowgli playing with forest animals

Mowgli joins the forest animals and plays happily after being rescued from
the old city of the monkeys. He strays from the animal group and follows a
baby elephant.

Mowgli joins the elephant herd

One year during a severe drought in the jungle, Hathi the elephant proclaims
the water truce; all animals are allowed to drink at the water hole
unmolested. Shere Khan announces to the animals gathered there one day

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that he killed a man, not for food but from choice. The other animals are
shocked.

Hathi allows the tiger to drink and then tells him to be off. Then Hathi tells
the story of how fear came to the jungle and why the tiger is striped. It is the
tiger who first kills man and earns the human tribe’s unrelenting enmity; for
his deed, the tiger is condemned to wear stripes. For one day a year, the tiger
is not afraid of man and can kill him. This day is called, among jungle people,
the Night of the Tiger.

Mowgli Defeats Shere Khan and Joins Man Village

Mowgli defeats Shere Khan

One day, Mowgli wanders close to a native village, where he is adopted by

Messua, a woman who lost her son some years before. Mowgli becomes a
watcher of the village herds; from time to time, he meets Gray Wolf, his
brother, and hears the news of the jungle.

When Shere Khan tries to fight with Akela the wolf, Mowgli defeats Shere
Khan using fire acquired from man village.

Figure 9 Mowgli defeats Share Khan

9) Use References menu to insert Table of Contents and List of Figures.

10) Use print menu to convert the document to PDF format.
11) Open PDF file. Use Print menu. Choose Booklet printing and create
hard copies.
Ex. No.57
Date: 24.11.2017
AIM: Creating cover page for Jungle book document
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Word (Windows+R, type “winword” and press Enter).
2) Open Page setup dialog (Alt+P+SP).
3) Select A5 paper size. Set margins as follows: Top - 1cm, Bottom –
1.25cm, Left – 1.25cm, Right – 1cm.
4) Choose Insert->Cover Page (Alt+N+V), choose a suitable design.
5) Type name of your publisher (Dreamland Publishers) in place of
company name.
6) Type name of the book (Jungle Book) in place of Document title.
7) Select year of publication.

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8) Enter a suitable description of book against Document Subtitle.

9) You could also type a brief description of the document in the cover
page, if desired.
10) Type author name (your name).
11) Insert a second page. Type © All rights reserved and Rate of book in the
second page.
12) Insert 2 more blank pages (making a total of 4 pages in the document).
13) Fourth page is the rear cover. Insert some images in the fourth page to
make it appear good looking.
14) Print the document (Ctrl+P) to Microsoft PDF printer. Enter your name
when required.
15) Open the PDF file using Adobe Reader, choose File->Print (Ctrl+P),
choose Booklet option and press OK button to print.
16) When the first pass of printing is completed, place the paper in the print
tray again. Press Continue button in the printer dialog to print the
second page.
17) Paste the cover page to original book.

Ex. No.58
Date: 24.11.2017
AIM: Creating note sheet layout using MS Word.
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Word (Windows+R, type “winword” and press Enter).
2) Open Page setup dialog (Alt+P+SP).
3) Select Legal paper size. Set margins as follows: Top - 2cm, Bottom – 2cm,
Left – 8.3cm, Right – 1.5cm. Select Mirror against Multiple pages.
4) Insert the text given to you and format the same with 1.5 line spacing
and 14 point Calibri font.
5) Save the document.
6) Print the document by placing appropriate page of note sheet in the
tray.

Ex. No.59
Date: 24.11.2017
AIM: Creating Macros with keyboard shortcut using MS Word
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Word (Windows+R, type “winword” and press Enter).
2) Open File->Trust Centre (Alt+F+I).
3) Select Trust Centre from left panel.
4) Open Trust Centre Settings.

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5) Choose Enable All Macros.

6) Under Popular option in left panel, place a tick mark against “Show
Developer Tab in the Ribbon”.
7) Choose Developer->Record Macro (Alt+L+R).
8) Enter a name for macro. Choose keyboard. Enter acshortcut
combination (e.g., Ctrl+Shift+K, Ctrl+Shift+N, Ctrl+Alt+M, etc.).
9) Press OK. A face icon is shown to indicate that a macro is being
recorded.
10) Carry out your work (e.g., type your name).
11) After completing your work, choose Developer->Stop Recording
(Alt+L+R).
12) Use your key combinations to verify that the work desired by you is
carried out automatically.

Ex. No.60
Date: 24.11.2017
AIM: Creating Macros with keyboard shortcut using MS Word
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Word (Windows+R, type “winword” and press Enter).
2) Open File->Trust Centre (Alt+F+I).
3) Select Trust Centre from left panel.
4) Open Trust Centre Settings.
5) Choose Enable All Macros.
6) Under Popular option in left panel, place a tick mark against “Show
Developer Tab in the Ribbon”.
7) Choose Developer->Record Macro (Alt+L+R).
8) Enter a name for macro. Choose Button. Add a separator in the menu
customization panel. Add a button. Choose Edit to change its icon.
9) Press OK. A face icon is shown to indicate that a macro is being
recorded.
10) Carry out your work (e.g., type your name).
11) After completing your work, choose Developer->Stop Recording
(Alt+L+R).
12) Use your key combinations to verify that the work desired by you is
carried out automatically.
Ex. No.61
Date: 04.12.2017
AIM: Creating CAT 5e/ CAT 6 Networking / Ethernet cable crimped with
RJ45
PROCEDURE:
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13) Take sufficient length of CAT 5e or CAT 6 cable. Cut it out

using the cutting edge of the crimping tool.
14) Use insulation remover to remove the insulation.
15) Cut out any threads and central piping other than the twisted
wires.
16) There are 4 pairs of twisted wires in OBGM (Orange, Blue,
Green Merun) combination.
17) Straighten the twisted pairs. Each pair contains a fully
coloured wire (OBGM) and a white and colour combination wire (
).
18) Arrange the wires in the order .
19) After straightening the wires, keep the wires in the right order
and cut them using the cutting edge of the crimping tool.
20) Insert the 8 cables in the RJ45 head. The cables should enter
aligned to the edge opposite to the lock provided in the RJ45 head.
21) Apply gentle pressure, which sends the cable fully through
the RJ45 head and touches the end of the head.
22) Place the RJ45 head in the appropriate slot of crimping tool.
23) Crimp the head by applying gradual pressure on the RJ45 head and
keeping the pressure constant for a few seconds.
24) Repeat the same steps at the other end of the CAT 5e or CAT 6
networking cable.
25) Connect one end of the crimped cable to the end of existing
Internet connector (like Switch) and the other end to RJ45 slot of a
personal computer.
26) If Internet connection is established, the crimping was a success.
Otherwise, repeat steps 1 to 13 again until successful Internet
connection is established.

Ex. No.62
Date: 04.12.2017
AIM: To create a spreadsheet containing list of marks and analyse the
data using MS Excel
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start
menu).

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2) Excel shows a 3 sheets by default (Sheet1, Sheet2 and Sheet3).

Right click on Sheet1. Rename it to “Mark”.
3) In the spreadsheet, columns are named A, B, C, ..., Z, AA, ... ZZ in
alphabets and rows are named 1, 2, 3, ... in numbers.
4) The address of a cell is a combination of column name and row
number. Hence, the first cell is called A1, the next cell on the same
row is called B1, the cell just below the first cell is called A2.
5) Type Sl. No., Name, Mark and Rank in cells A1, B1, C1 and D1.
6) Enter 1 in cell A2. Type =A2+1 in cell A3. The next number appears.
7) Click on or move the cursor to cell A2. Press Ctrl+C (copy).
8) Move the cursor down. Press Shift Key and keep pressing down
arrow till the cells A4 to A11 are selected. Press Ctrl+V (or Enter
key) to create automatic numbers.
9) Enter names of any 10 persons in cells B2 to B11.
10) Enter marks in cells C2 to C11.
11) Enter the following formula in cell D2: =rank(C2, C$2, C$11). It
displays the rank of the first student in relation to 9 other
students.
12) Copy the formula from cell D2 to cells D3:D11 range. Rank for each
student is displayed.
13) Select the header row and make the text bold.
14) Adjust column width to suit the length of name.
15) Select the area filled with Data. Choose Home->Borders->All
Borders (or press Alt+H+B+A).
16) Save the document with password using Tools->General Options
available in the file save dialog.
17) Open Page Layout->Page Setup. Set 1 Page wide by 1 page high.
18) Select Margins, place tick mark against Center on Page-
>Horizontallly.
19) Select Header/Footer, Click Custom Header and type “Statement
of Marks: COPA” at centre. Set Bold font with 16 point size.
20) Select Custom Footer. Insert Page number using # symbol at
centre. Insert your name to the right side.
21) Print the document.
22) Choose Formulas->Show Formulas. Print the same document again
to show all the formulas.

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Ex. No.63
Date: 05.12.2017
AIM: Using Date function and randbetween to create create data
PROCEDURE:
23) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
24) Enter the values Sl. No., Name, DOB, Percentage Mark in cells A1, B1,
C1 and D1.
25) Select cells A1:D1, choose bold font, select Home->Wrap Text, align
centre vertically and align centre horizontally.
26) Enter the value 1 in cell A2.
27) Type the formula =A2+1 in cell A3.
28) Copy the contents of cell A3 and paste it in the rage A4:A11.
29) Type the names of 10 persons.
30) Enter date of birth using the function =date(year, month, day) format
in cells C2 to C11.
31) Enter the formula =randbetween(75,100) in cells D2 to D11.

Ex. No.64
Date: 05.12.2017
AIM: To use conditional formatting in Excel cells to highlight cells
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Copy the raw data from Sheet1. Paste the values in Sheet2.
3) Rename Sheet2 to Conditional-Format.
4) Select cells D2:D11. Choose Home->Conditional Formating->Top and
Bottom->Top 10 (Alt+H+L+T+T). Select top 3, set colour scheme. Press
OK to apply conditional formatting.
5) Select cells C2:C11. Choose Home->Conditional Formating->Top and
Bottom->Top 10 (Alt+H+L+T+T). Select top 2, set colour scheme. Press
OK to apply conditional formatting for selecting 2 oldest persons. Apply
the same procedure to for selecting youngest 2 persons.

Ex. No.65
Date: 05.12.2017
AIM: Sorting data using Excel.
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).

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6) Copy the raw data from Sheet2. Paste the values in Sheet3.
7) Rename Sheet3 to Sorted.
8) Select cells B1:D11.
2) Select Data->Sort.
3) In the sort dialog, ensure that the box in front of My Data has header is
ticked.
4) Choose Percentage of Marks->Largest to Smallest.
5) Press Add Level.
6) In the second level, choose DOB->Oldest to youngest.
7) Press Add Level.
8) In the third level, choose Name->A to Z.
9) Press OK.
10) Verify whether the data is properly sorted.

Ex. No.66
Date: 05.12.2017
AIM: Applying filter for data in Excel.
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Copy the raw data from Sheet3. Paste the values in Sheet4.
3) Rename Sheet4 to Filtered.
4) Select cells B1:D11.
5) Choose Data->Filter (Alt+A+T).
6) A triangle mark appears at each column heading.
7) Click the triangular mark and choose the sorting options.
8) Verify that the data is properly sorted based on given criterion.

Ex. No.67
Date: 07.12.2017
AIM: Creating pie chart, column chart and bar chart using MS Excel
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Enter the values Trade, No. of Trainees in cells A1, B1. Select the cells,
centre the content, apply bold face font, select Text Wrap from Home
screen.
3) Enter the following data in cells A2:B8:
COPA 19
DTPO 18

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DMC 22
EM 10
ICTSM 12
DM 6
BC 13
4) Select the data in cells A1:B8. Choose Insert->Pie. Select 3D pie chart.
5) Right click on the boundary of the pie chart, select Format Data Labels.
Place a tick mark against Values in the dialog and press OK.
6) Select the data in cells A1:B8. Choose Insert->Column. Select Cone (or
any other type).
7) Right click on the data bars, select Add Data Labels.
8) Right click again. Choose Format Data Series. In the resulting dialog,
choose Fill. Place a tick mark against Vary colors by point.
9) Select the data in cells A1:B8. Choose Insert->Bar. Select Cone (or any
other type).
10) Right click on the data bars, select Add Data Labels.
11) Right click again. Choose Format Data Series. In the resulting dialog,
choose Fill. Place a tick mark against Vary colors by point.
12) Open MS Word. Choose centre alignment.
13) Copy pie chart from MS Excel. Paste it in MS Word. Add the title Pie
chart at the bottom of the graph.
14) Copy column chart from MS Excel. Paste it in MS Word. Add the title
Column chart at the bottom of the graph.
15) Copy bar chart from MS Excel. Paste it in MS Word. Add the title Bar
chart at the bottom of the graph.
16) Arrange all 3 charts in a single page (resize the charts if necessary) and
print the charts.

Ex. No.68
Date: 07.12.2017
AIM: Creating line chart using MS Excel
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Enter the data:

BSE
Date Sensex
01-11-2017 33,600
02-11-2017 33,573

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03-11-2017 33,686
06-11-2017 33,731
07-11-2017 33,371
08-11-2017 33,219
09-11-2017 33,251
10-11-2017 33,315
13-11-2017 33,034
14-11-2017 32,942
15-11-2017 32,760
16-11-2017 33,107
17-11-2017 33,343
20-11-2017 33,360
21-11-2017 33,478
22-11-2017 33,562
23-11-2017 33,588
24-11-2017 33,679
27-11-2017 33,724
28-11-2017 33,619
29-11-2017 33,603
30-11-2017 33,149
3) Select the data. Choose Insert->Line and select suitable line.
4) Widen the graph to make all dates visible.
5) Right click the data series and choose Format Data Label. Place a tick
mark against values.
6) Click on the chart. Choose Page Layout. Ensure that Landscape format is
selected.
7) Print the chart from MS Excel.

Ex. No.69
Date: 07.12.2017
AIM: Creating series of lines using scatter diagram in MS Excel
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Enter the titles Angle, Sin, Cos in cells A1, B1,C1.
3) Enter 0 in cell A2, =SIN(A2*PI()/180) in B2 and =COS(A2*PI()/180) in C2.
4) Enter =A2+0.5 in cell A3, =SIN(A2*PI()/180) in B3 and
=COS(A2*PI()/180) in C3.
5) Copy the cells A3, B3, C3 and paste them from row 4 to row 2001.
6) Select the data. Choose Insert->Scatter.
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7) Increase the width of chart to make the graphs easily visible.

8) Click on the graph, choose Page Layout and apply landscape format.
9) Print the graph.

Ex. No.70
Date: 08.12.2017
AIM: Creating Point of Sale bill form using MS Excel
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Open Sheet2. Rename the sheet to Data. Enter the following values in
Cells A1:C5:
Sl. No. Name of item Rate
1 Vennila 45
2 Casetta 36
3 Chocolate 60
4 Pineapple 40
3) Choose Sheet1.
4) Select Page Layout->Page Layout (Alt+P+SP). Select A5 paper size. Set
Custom Header of “Cool kids ice cream parlour, 1 NSC Bose Road,
Pondicherry-605001.” Set custom footer of “Ice cream once sold melts
away. Do not return it! Eat it!!”.
5) Enter the following values in cells A1:E3:
Bill No. 1 Date: 08-12-2017
Name & address of customer:
Mobile:
6) Enter the following values in cells A4:E4 (Apply bold font, centre
alignment and text wrap, apply Home->Borders->All Borders):
Sl.
Name of item Qty. Rate Amount
No.
7) Select View->Page Break Preview.
8) Set Fit to 1 Pages Wide by 1 Pages Tall.
9) In cell A5, enter the formula =IF(isblank(B5),””, row(B5)-4).
10) Select cell B5. Choose Data->Data Validation. Select List against Allow.
Enter =Data!$B$2:$C$11. Press OK. A triangle appears next to the cell
to input item name.
11) At cell D5, enter the formula
=IFERROR(VLOOKUP(B5,Data!$B$2:$C$5,2),""). This formula looks up
the name of the item selected in column B and fills the available rate
from Data sheet to column D.

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12) At cell E5, enter the formula =IFERROR(C5*D5,"") to calculate the

amount.
13) At the bottom of page, type cashier.
14) Leaving a gap of 7 rows above the Cashier row, type the following
content:
Value of Goods =SUM(E5:E22)
CGST @ 6% =ROUND(E23*6/100,0)
SGST @ 6% =ROUND(E23*6/100,0)
Total - including
GST =SUM(E23:E25)
15) Select the column from A5 to E26. Choose Home->Borders->More
Borders (Alt+H+B+M). Choose all vertical borders and the bottom
border.

Ex. No.71
Date: 08.12.2017
AIM: Working with Strings using MS Excel
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Enter Name, <Your name> in cells A1 and B1.
3) Enter Length, =LEN(B1) in cells A2,B2.
4) Enter Left 4, =LEFT(B1,4) in cells A3, B3.
5) Enter Right 4, =RIGHT(B1,4) in cells A4, B4.
6) Enter Conc., =CONCATENATE(“Hi”,char(10),B1) in cells A5, B5.
7) Enter Proper, =PROPER(B1) in cells A6, B6.
8) Enter Upper, =UPPER(B1) in cells A7, B7.
9) Enter Lower, =Lower(B1) in cells A8, B8.
10) The complete table should look like the one shown below:
Name Nagaradjane
Length =LEN(B1)
Left 4 =LEFT(B1,4)
Right 4 =RIGHT(B1,4)
Conc. =CONCATENATE("Hi", CHAR(10),B1)
Proper =PROPER(B1)
Upper =UPPER(B1)
Lower =LOWER(B1)

11) Print the values and formulae in A5 paper.

Ex. No.72

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Date: 11.12.2017
AIM: Working with date in MS Excel
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Enter the following values in cells A1 to G1:
Days
Whether
Sl. passed age in age in
Name DOB eligible
No. since years months
to vote
birth
3) Enter the following formulae in cells D2 to G2: D2:
=days360(C2,today()), E2: =rounddown(yearfrac(C2, today()), 0) F2:
=round(yearfrac(C2,today())*12,0), G2: =IF(E2<18,”No”, “Yes”).
4) Enter Serial number, name and date of birth in cells A2:C2 to see the
formulae working.
5) Fill at least 10 rows with names known to you.
6) Set all borders using Home->Border->All Border (Alt+H+B+A).
7) Select View->Page Break Preview.
8) Set Fit to 1 Pages Wide by 1 Pages Tall.
9) Print the document.

Ex. No.73
Date: 11.12.2017
AIM: Creating account transaction entries using MS Excel
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Enter the values Date, Description, Debit, Credit, Balance in cells A1 to
E1. Apply centre alignment, bold font and Wrap Text styles.
3) Enter the formula =D2-C2 in cell E2.
4) Enter the formula =E2+D3-C3 in cell E3.
5) Copy the formula from E3 to cells E4:E11.
6) Enter date, transaction remark, whether amount is credited or debited
to see the balance amount changing automatically.
7) Print the values and formulae in A5 paper.

Ex. No.74
Date: 11.12.2017
AIM: Creating income, expense entries using MS Excel
PROCEDURE:

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1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or

choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Select Sheet1.
3) Enter the values Date, Head of account, Expense, Income, Cash at Hand
in cells A1 to E1. Apply centre alignment, bold font and Wrap Text
styles.
4) Enter the formula =D2-C2 in cell E2.
5) Enter the formula =E2+D3-C3 in cell E3.
6) Copy the formula from E3 to cells E4:E11.
7) Enter date, transaction remark, whether amount is income or expense
to see the cash at hand changing automatically.
8) Select Sheet2. Rename it to Summary.
9) Enter Head of account, Total Expense, Total Income, Summary in cells
A1:D1.
10) Enter the head of account (Home, School, etc.) in column A.
11) Enter the formulae
=SUMIF(Sheet1!$B$2:$B$11,A2,Sheet1!$C$2:$C$11),
=SUMIF(Sheet1!$B$2:$B$11,A2,Sheet1!$D$2:$D$11) and =C2-B2 in
cells B2:D2.
12) Enter different heads of account in column A.
13) Copy formulae from cells B2:D2 down the rows to get summary values.
14) Print the values and formulae in A5 paper.

Ex. No.75
Date: 13.12.2017
AIM: Creating pivot table and pivot chart using MS Excel
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Enter the following transaction entries in cells A1:E10:
Date Head of Account Expense Income Balance
01-01-2017 Salary 10,000 10,000
01-01-2017 Home 900 9,100
02-01-2017 Home 150 8,950
02-01-2017 School 100 8,850
02-01-2017 Hospital 600 8,250
03-01-2017 Rent 5,000 13,250
04-01-2017 Home 500 12,750
05-01-2017 Home 800 11,950
06-01-2017 Shopping 3200 8,750
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3) Select cells A1:E10.

4) Choose Insert->Pivot Table->Pivot Table (Alt+N+V+T).
5) When the pivot table dialog appears, verify that the cell range is correct
and New Worksheet is selected.
6) On pressing OK button in the dialog, a new sheet is inserted.
7) Place a tick mark against the columns for summarizing.
8) A summary report appears.
9) Select cells A1:D10.
10) Choose Insert->Pivot Table->Pivot Chart (Alt+N+V+C).
11) When the pivot chart dialog appears, verify that the cell range is correct
and New Worksheet is selected.
12) On pressing OK button in the dialog, a new sheet is inserted.
13) Place a tick mark against the columns for summarizing.
14) A summary chart appears.
15) Print both pivot table and pivot chart in A5 sheet with the header Pivot
Table/ Pivot Chart and footer containing your name on the right side.

Ex. No.76
Date: 13.12.2017
AIM: Data validation using MS Excel
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Enter the values Sl. No., Name and DOB in cells A1 to C1. Apply centre
alignment, bold font and Wrap Text styles.
3) Select cells A2:A11.
4) Choose Data->Data Validation->Data Validation (Alt+A+V+V).
5) Select Whole Number. Choose a validation criterion (between). Enter
values for validation (start: 1 end: 10). Click Input. Enter Heading
(Number required). Enter a message (Number between 1 and 10).
6) Select cells B2:B11.
7) Choose Data->Data Validation->Data Validation (Alt+A+V+V).
8) Select Text Length. Choose a validation criterion (between). Enter
values for validation (start: 1 end: 4). Click Input. Enter Heading (Text
input). Enter a message (Text length between 1 and 4 characters).
9) Select cells C2:C11.
10) Choose Data->Data Validation->Data Validation (Alt+A+V+V).
11) Select Date. Choose a validation criterion (between). Enter values for
validation (start: 01-01-1917 end: 31-07-2002). Click Input. Enter

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Heading (Date input). Enter a message (Date value between 01-01-1917

and 31-07-2002).
12) Deliberately enter wrong data in the fields (20 in A2, <your name> in B2
and 23-09-2003 in C2). Verify that wrong input is greeted by an error
message

Ex. No.77
Date: 13.12.2017
AIM: Managing scenarios through What If Analysis using MS Excel
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Enter the following transaction entries in cells A1:E10:
Date Head of Account Expense Income Balance
01-01-2017 Salary 10,000 10,000
01-01-2017 Home 900 9,100
02-01-2017 Home 150 8,950
02-01-2017 School 100 8,850
02-01-2017 Hospital 600 8,250
03-01-2017 Rent 5,000 13,250
04-01-2017 Home 500 12,750
05-01-2017 Home 800 11,950
06-01-2017 Shopping 3200 8,750
3) The aim of this analysis is to create 3 scenes: Scene1 with salary of
10,000, Scene2 with salary of 7,000 and Scene3 with salary of 5,000.
4) Choose Data->What If Analysis->Scenario Manager (Alt+A+W+S).
5) In the Scenario Manager dialog, click Add.
6) Enter Scene 1, Set the changing cell to D2 (Income from salary). Press
OK.
7) Enter 10,000 in the box to represent Scene1.
8) Follow steps 4 to 6 to create Scene2 and Scene3. Enter 7,000 for
Scene2 and 5,000 for Scene3.
9) Choose Scenario Manager. Select a scene. Press Show button. The
scene changes and the results are recalculated based on the new
scenario.
10) Scenario is used to estimate the impact of changing situations on the
outcome of a business.

Ex. No.78
Date: 13.12.2017
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AIM: Goal Seek using MS Excel

PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Goal seek helps to find an input which will yield desired output results.
3) As a sample case, enter 12 in A1, 5 in B1 and =10*A1+B1 in C1.
4) Choose Data->What If Analysis->Goal Seek (Alt+A+W+G).
5) Enter C1 in Set cell, 400 (desired result) in To value and A1 in By
changing cell.
6) Press OK.
7) Excel calculates the value to be placed in A1 to obtain 400 as the result.
8) Press OK to accept the result or Cancel to reject the result.

Ex. No.79
Date: 14.12.2017
AIM: Creating Single input data table to calculate profit after rebate using MS
Excel
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Data table calculates large number of results based on a model
calculation.
3) Enter Input values, Sales rate of cloth, Purchase rate of cloth,
Percentage rebate, Profit in cells A1 to A5. Enter 200, 150, 10%,
=B2*(1-B4)-B3 in cells B2 to B5 (Cell B4 should be formatted to
Percentage). Input data looks like this:
Input data
Sales rate of cloth 200
Purchase rate of
cloth 150
Rebate % 10.00%
Profit =B2*(1-B4)-B3
4) To create a column based Data table, format cells A9:A12 to
percentage and fill the following values in cells A7 to B12:
Column based Data Table
=B5
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
5) The aim is to automatically calculate the results for cells B9:B12.

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6) Select cells A8:B12. Choose Data->What If Analysis->Data Table

(Alt+A+W+T).
7) Enter $B$4 as the column input value. Leave Row input blank. Press Ok.
8) You will find that All the values are calculated the results displayed as
shown below:
Column based Data Table
30
5.00% 40
10.00% 30
15.00% 20
20.00% 10
9) Similarly, enter the following values in cells A14:E16:
Row based Data
Table
5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00%
=B5
10) Select cells A15:E16. Choose Data->What If Analysis->Data Table
(Alt+A+W+T).
11) Enter $B$4 in the Row input. Leave column input blank. Press OK and
verify that you get the following result:
5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00%
30 40 30 20 10

12) Print the sheet in A5 size paper with the header Data table in Excel.
***
Ex. No.80
Date: 14.12.2017
AIM: Creating row and column based Data Tables using MS Excel
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Excel (Press Windows+R, type “excel” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Excel from the start menu).
2) Data table calculates large number of results based on a model
calculation.
3) Enter Input values, Sales rate of cloth, Purchase rate of cloth,
Percentage rebate, Profit in cells A1 to A5. Enter 200, 150, 10%, =B2*(1-
B4)-B3 in cells B2 to B5 (Cell B4 should be formatted to Percentage).
Input data looks like this:
Input data
Sales rate of cloth 200
Purchase rate of
cloth 150
Rebate % 10.00%

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Profit =B2*(1-B4)-B3
4) Enter the following values in cells A7:I14.
Row and column based Data Table
=B5 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 150
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
5) Select cells A8:B12. Choose Data->What If Analysis->Data Table
(Alt+A+W+T).
6) Enter $B$4 as the column input value. Enter $B$2 in Row input. Press
Ok.
7) The result looks like the following:
30 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 150
5.00% 21 30.5 40 49.5 59 68.5 78 -7.5
10.00% 12 21 30 39 48 57 66 -15
15.00% 3 11.5 20 28.5 37 45.5 54 -22.5
20.00% -6 2 10 18 26 34 42 -30
25.00% -15 -7.5 0 7.5 15 22.5 30 -37.5
30.00% -24 -17 -10 -3 4 11 18 -45
8) Print the sheet in A5 paper, landscape orientation with header Row and
column based data table using Excel.

Ex. No.81
Date: 15.12.2017
AIM: Creating Presentation of Jungle Book story using MS Power point
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Powerpoint (Press Windows+R, type “powerpnt” and press
Enter or choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office
Powerpoint from the start menu).
2) By default, power point opens a blank title page.
3) Choose Design->Themes and choose a theme (Alt+G+H).
4) Choose Design->Colors (Alt+G+TC), Design->Fonts (Alt+G+TF) and Design-
>Effects (Alt+G+TE) and customize the colours, fonts and slide transition
effects as you desire.

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5) Choose Insert->Header & Footer (Alt+N+H), select Slide. Place tick mark
against Date and Time, choose date/ time format, place tick mark against
Slide number, Place a tick mark against Footer (enter your name in the
footer box). Place a tick mark against Don’t show on title slide.
6) Choose Animation. Set Transition speed and Transition sound as you wish.
Choose Apply to all to apply the settings to all slides.
7) In the first slide, type the title of the presentation (“Jungle Book” and
author name (“<your name>”).
8) To insert a new slide, choose Home->New Slide (Alt+H+I) and select the
layout suitable for your purpose (whether you need 1 column or 2
columns).
9) Enter a title for the slide. Insert the text. If you need to insert a picture or
table, choose Insert->Picture (Alt+N+P) or Insert->Table (Alt+N+T).
10) If you need to change the layout of a slide after inserting it, choose Home-
>Layout (Alt+H+L) and change the layout.
11) You can increase or decrease font size using Home->Font Size (Alt+H+FS)
or using Ctrl+Shift+< (decrease)/ Ctrl+Shift+> (increase).
12) After completing the presentation, choose View->Slide Show (Alt+W+S) or
F5 to start the presentation from the first slide.
13) If you wish to start the presentation from current slide, press Shift+F5.
14) Connect projector to the CPU and make a presentation of the content
created by you.

Ex. No.82
Date: 18.12.2017
AIM: Adding narration to slides using MS Powerpoint
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Powerpoint (Press Windows+R, type “powerpnt” and press
Enter or choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office
Powerpoint from the start menu).
2) Choose the slide for which you wish to record narration.
3) Select Slide Show->Record Narration (Alt+S+N).
4) Press OK in the dialog to start recording.
5) Start speaking the information related to the slide.
6) After completing the narration, press Esc key.
7) When a dialog to save the narration appears, choose Save.
8) Press Shift+F5 and verify whether the narration plays well.
9) If the narration plays out well, proceed to next narration. If the narration
is not acceptable, re-record the narration.

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Ex. No.84
Date: 18.12.2017
AIM: Typesetting in Double column using MS Word
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Word (Press Windows+R, type “winword” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Word from
the start menu).
2) Set paper size to A4, orientation to Portrait and margins to 2.54cm on all
sides.
3) Choose Home->Paragraph (Alt+H+PG), select single line spacing and 0
points above and below paragraph.
4) Select 14 point size, bold style, centre alignment and type Jungle Boo.
5) Press enter key. Choose Page Layout->Columns->More Columns
(Alt+P+J+C).
6) Select 2 columns (any number columns is possible), place tick mark
against Equal column width. Choose This point forward against Apply to.
7) Open the Jungle Book handout text. Copy the entire document.
8) Choose Home->Paste->Paste Special (Alt+H+V+S). Select Unformatted
Unicode text.
9) Print the story in 2 column format.

Ex. No.83
Date: 18.12.2017
AIM: To create handouts using MS Powerpoint
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Powerpoint (Press Windows+R, type “powerpnt” and press
Enter or choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office
Powerpoint from the start menu).
2) Open the original presentation for Jungle Book story.
3) Choose File->Publish->Create Handouts in Microsoft Office Word.
4) Choose Outline only in the dialog that appears to select the format.
5) Press OK.
6) MS Word opens with the text outline of the presentation.
7) You may change the font and style to suit printing of the handout.

Ex. No.85
Date: 18.12.2017
AIM: Preparing resume using MS Word
PROCEDURE:

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1) Open MS Word (Press Windows+R, type “winword” and press Enter or

choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Word from
the start menu).
2) Set paper size to A4, orientation to Portrait and margins to 2.54cm on all
sides.
3) Choose Home->Paragraph (Alt+H+PG), select single line spacing and 0
points above and below paragraph.
4) Select 14 point size, bold style, centre alignment and type RESUME.
5) With left alignment, type Objective.
6) Selecting normal font style and justified alignment type your career
objective (Say: “Sustainable progress through technological means.”).
7) Insert a table with 3 columns. Type Name, Skills, Qualification,
Experience, Address, Mobile, Email in the first column.
8) Place colon in the second column.
9) Enter your details in the third column.
10) With centre alignment, type CERTIFICATE. Type “I hereby certify that the
details furnished above are true to the best of my knowledge and belief.”
11) Type your name in the signature line.

Ex. No.86
Date: 21.12.2017
AIM: To create personal details and contact details tables using MS Access
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Access (Press Windows+R, type “msaccess” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Access from
the start menu).
2) By default, MS Access shows a list of database templates.
3) When opening MS Access for the first time, choose Blank Database (Top
left). When opening MS Access subsequently, choose the name of
database from the list shown on the right side.
4) On choosing blank database, MS Access requests you to input a name for
the database. Enter your name. The default database extension is .accdb.
5) Right click on Table1 and choose Design View. Change the table name to
personal_data.
6) Choose columns ID (Auto Number), Contact Name (Text), Address (Text),
DOB (Date/Time, Medium Data). Right click the table name, choose Save
followed by Close.
7) Then create a new table named contact_details using Create->Table
(Alt+C+TN) with the following columns: ID (Auto Increment), person_id

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(Number, Required YES), Mobile1 (Text 50), Mobile2 (Text 50), email
(Text, validation Rule Like “*@*”, validation text Invalid email ID).

Ex. No.87
Date: 21.12.2017
AIM: To create relationship between tables using MS Access
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Access (Press Windows+R, type “msaccess” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Access from
the start menu).
2) Select the database created by in the previous exercise (containing 2
tables named personal_data and contact_details).
3) Choose Database Tools->Relationships (Alt+A+E).
4) In the dialog shown to select database tables, select personal_data and
press Add. Then select contact_details and press Add.
5) Press Close to dismiss the table selection dialog.
6) Click on ID column in the personal_data table, drag the mouse and drop
on the person_id column of contact details.
7) A dialog appears to connect ID column of personal_data to person_id
table column of contact_details table.
8) Press Create button.
9) A line appears connecting ID column of personal_data and person_id
column of contact_details.
10) Now the tables personal_data and contact_details are related
through ID and person_id columns.

Ex. No.88
Date: 21.12.2017
AIM: To create blank form for data entry using MS Access
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Access (Press Windows+R, type “msaccess” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Access from
the start menu).
2) Select the database created by in the previous exercise (containing 2
tables named personal_data and contact_details).
3) Choose Create->Blank Form (Alt+C+FB).
4) Press Show all tables label shown on the right side panel to visualize all
tables.
5) Choose personal_data table.

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6) Double click on Contact name.

7) Double click on address.
8) Double click on DOB.
9) The ID column need not be manually filled since it belongs to
auto_increment category.
10) Fill the columns.
11) Press next column and the entries are saved.

Ex. No.89
Date: 21.12.2017
AIM: To Create Report using in MS Access
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Access (Press Windows+R, type “msaccess” and press Enter
or choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Access
from the start menu).
2) Open your database.
3) Choose Create->Report (Alt+C+RN).
4) Select the columns to be included in the report.
5) Select Report View.
6) You can also use the report wizard to create new report.
7) Choose Create->Report Wizard.
8) Select the columns required to be included in the report.
9) Under groupings, choose none.
10) On finishing the wizard, the report of data contained in the table is
displayed.

Ex. No.90
Date: 21.12.2017
AIM: To Generate Query using in MS Access
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Access (Press Windows+R, type “msaccess” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Access from
the start menu).
2) Choose Create->Query Wizard.
3) Select the table and columns to be included in the query.
4) On completing the wizard, choose Design view.
5) Choose filter values to be applied for the columns.
6) Choose Datasheet view to view the results.

Ex. No.91

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Date: 21.12.2017
AIM: To create form using Wizard in MS Access
PROCEDURE:
1) Open MS Access (Press Windows+R, type “msaccess” and press Enter or
choose Start->All Apps->Microsoft Office->Microsoft Office Access from
the start menu).
2) Select the database created by in the previous exercise (containing 2
tables named personal_data and contact_details).
3) Choose Create->More Forms->Form Wizard (Alt+C+FM+W).
4) Choose the table and the columns to be used in the form.
5) Press Next. Choose Layout of the form (Columnar, tabular, datasheet or
justified).
6) Choose the style (from several alternate styles listed with preview).
7) Press Next.
8) Choose Finish.
9) Navigate between existing records.
10) When the record after the last record is chosen, blank form for entering
new data is displayed.

Ex. No.92
Date: 26.12.2017
AIM: Search the web for information
PROCEDURE:
1) Open browser (Press Windows+R, type iexplore and press enter).
2) Enter the URL www.google.com in the address bar of the browse and
press enter.
3) Enter any keyword in the search box (like generations of computer,
UNIX, Windows 10, etc.).
4) Press the search button and find the results.
5) Click some of the results based on summary and read the information.
6) Change the result type from web to image or video or news or book.
Look at the change in results.
7) Change the search language and do the search in local language.
8) Do not click to open sites that promise offer money, music or video
unless you are sure about their authenticity. The sites may lead to great
scandals and implant viruses in computer.
9) While entering keywords, follow the advices given below:

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a. Keep it short: The fewer words you use, the more accurate your
search will be. Every time you add a new word to the mix, you limit
your results.
b. Use quotes: Double quotes around a set of words tells Google to
consider the exact words in that exact order without any change.
c. Search a web site: Google allows you to specify that your search
results must come from a given website. For example, try alyssa
site:sitepoint.com to get your Alyssa fix.
d. Search a domain extension: Use the “site” operator above to search
a whole class of sites. Try elearning site:.edu to find online learning
tools provided by an educational institution.
e. Tell it what you don’t want: Use a minus sign (-) to signify words you
do not want to appear in your results. The minus sign should appear
immediately before the word and should be preceded with a space
(so it’s not confused with a hyphen).
f. Be picky about what you don’t want: You can exclude as many words
as you want by using the minus sign in front of each one. You can
also exclude more than just words. For example, place a hyphen
before the “site” operator to exclude a specific site from your search
results. Try this: web developer forum -site:sitepoint.com.
g. Search for this or that: Use OR between words (in all CAPS) or the
pipe symbol (|) to allow either one of several words.
h. Use the wildcard: The asterisk (*) tells Google to treat the star as a
placeholder for any unknown term(s) and then find the best
matches. Try: w3c founded *
i. Avoid synonyms: Force Google to skip their synonym suggestions by
using a plus sign (+). This works just like using double quotes around
your search terms. Try a search using both methods and compare
the results.
j. Do a specialty search: Using certain syntax can turn Google Search
into an even more powerful tool.
k. Sports scores: Type the team or league name.
l. Track packages: Type your tracking number for UPS, Fedex or USPS
packages.

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m. Weather: Type “weather” followed by the name of the city or

zipcode.
n. Unit conversion: Enter your desired conversion for height, weight
and volume measurements (i.e. 5 cups in ounces).
10) Calculator: Enter the calculation you’d like the answer to.

Ex. No.93
Date: 27.12.2017
AIM: To create an email ID.
PROCEDURE
1) Open browser. Enter the address of the email server (e.g.
mail.google.com, mail.yahoo.com, rediffmail.com, fastmail.fm,
www.hotmail.com, etc.).
2) When the login screen appears, choose create new account.

3) Enter your name in the first name field. Enter family name in the last
name field. If there is a middle name field, enter your father name.
4) Enter a tentative user ID. If this ID is not available, change it to a new ID
till it is accepted.
5) Enter a password (at least 6 characters in length). Re-enter the
password. Usually, a strong password contains at least 1 capital letter, 1
small letter and 1 symbol.
6) Enter date of birth. Choose your gender (e.g. female).
7) Enter alternate email ID.
8) If it asks for mobile verification, enter your mobile number and confirm
the code.
9) Go to your inbox and open the welcome messages.

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EX. No.94
Date: 27.12.2017
AIM: Sending email with attachment
PROCEDURE
1) Open your browser. Enter your email server address (e.g.
mail.google.com) in the address bar.
2) Click compose (or write).
3) Enter email ID of the recipient in the To address. Enter visible copy
recipient in the CC field. Enter invisible recipient in the BCC field.
4) Enter a subject (one line description of your email message).
5) Type the email message.
6) Click the A icon or clip icon to select any file that should be attached to
your email. Attachment for an email is optional.
7) Click send button.

Ex. No.95
Date: 29.12.2017
AIM: Using Open Office.org to create a Leave Letter form and Permission letter
form
PROCEDURE:
1) Open OpenOffice Writer by choosing Start->All Apps->OpenOffice-
>OpenOffice Writer (or Press Windows+R, type swriter and press enter).
2) Choose Format->Page (Alt+O+P) to set A4 page size, 2.54cm left and top
margins, 2.00cm right and bottom margins.
3) Change to font size to 14 points from the Toolbar. You can change the
font settings using Format->Character (Alt+O+H) from the menu.
4) Change the line spacing to 1.5 lines using Format->Paragraph (Alt+O+A)
from the Paragraph menu.
5) Set Font style to bold (using Format->Characters or using Tool Bar or
pressing Ctrl+B).
6) Set alignment to Centre (Press Ctrl+E or use the toolbar or open Format-
>Paragraph).
7) Type the word LEAVE LETTER with centre alignment. Press enter key to
go to new line.
8) Choose Justified alignment (press Ctrl+J or choose Format->Paragraph-
>Alignment->Justified).

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9) Insert a table having 4 columns and 2 rows using Insert->Table menu (or
press Ctrl+F12).
10) Enter 1, Name, :, <Your name> in first row; 2, Trade, :, Computer
Operator & Programming Assistant in second row; 3, Date of Leave, :,
<date> in third row; 4, No. of days of Leave, :, <days> in fourth row, 5,
Reason for Leave, :, <reason> in fifth row, 6, Signature of trainee, :, <> in
sixth row; 7, Signature of Parent/Guardian, :, <> in seventh row; 8,
Signature of VI, :, <> in eighth row; 9, Signature of GI, :, <> in ninth row;
10, Signature of Principal, :, <> in the tenth row;
11) Move the cursor out of the table and Type Place: Puducherry; Date:
<date>.
12) Insert new page using Insert->Manual Break from menu (Alt+I+B) and
choosing Page Break.
13) Repeat steps 7 to 11 by replacing all the words LEAVE with PERMISSION.
Row 4 should be 4, Duration of Permission, :, <duration>.
14) Save the file by providing <your_name>-leave-letter.odt (.odt is the
extension for swriter documents).
15) Print both pages in the front and back of an A4 sheet by choosing
appropriate page number for each side or choosing Properties-
>Finishing->Print on both side from print dialog.

Ex. No.96
Date: 29.12.2017
AIM: To create equations using OpenOffice Equation editor.
PROCEDURE
1) Open OpenOffice Writer by choosing Start->All Apps->OpenOffice-
>OpenOffice (or Press Windows+R, type soffice and press enter). Choose
File->New->Formula.
2) Choose Format->Page (Alt+O+P) to set A4 page size, 2.54cm left and top
margins, 2.00cm right and bottom margins.
3) Choose Insert->Object->Formula (Alt+I+O+F) from the menu.
4) Type the following in the bottom panel and verify that the equation
(a+b) 2=a 2+b 2+2ab is displayed: (a+b)^2=a^2+b^2+2ab
5) Type the following in the bottom panel and verify that the equation
x 1+x 2
x=
2 is displayed: x = {x_1+x_2} over {2}

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6) Type the following in the bottom panel and verify that the equation
sin θ+cos θ=1 is displayed: sin^2 %theta + cos^2 %theta =
2 2

1
7) Type the following in the bottom panel and verify that the equation
− b± √b − 4ac
2
α ,β=
2a
is displayed: %alpha, %beta = {-b +-
sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}} over 2a
8) Print the four equations.
9) Save the file by entering <your name>-formula.odf (.odf is the extension
for open document formula).

EX. No.97
Date: 29.12.2017
AIM: To create drawings using OpenOffice Draw
PROCEDURE
1) Open OpenOffice Draw by choosing Start->All Apps->OpenOffice-
>OpenOffice Draw (or Press Windows+R, type sdraw and press enter).
2) Choose Format->Page (Alt+O+P) to set A4 page size, 2.54cm left and top
margins, 2.00cm right and bottom margins.
3) Choose View->Toolbars->Drawing (Alt+V+T+D) from the menu.
4) Draw the shapes you desire and save them.
5) Print the shapes using File->Print (or Ctrl+P).

EX. No.98
Date: 29.12.2017
AIM: To create presentation using OpenOffice Impress
PROCEDURE
1) Open OpenOffice Impress by choosing Start->All Apps->OpenOffice-
>OpenOffice Impress (or Press Windows+R, type simpress and press
enter).
2) A dialog showing whether choose Empty presentation or from
Templates is displayed.
3) Choose to create presentation from templates. Choose a template that
suits your taste.
4) Press Next. Select a slide design as per your taste.
5) Press Next. Choose Slide transition effect and speed. If you wish the
presentation to be changing slides automatically at periodic interval,
choose Automatic and set the duration for slide change. Otherwise,
leave presentation type at Default.

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6) Enter name of your company (say COPA) and subject of your

presentation (types of printer).
7) Press Next. Deselect the slide templates other than the first.
8) Insert new slide using Insert->Slide from the menu (Alt+I+E).
9) Type the name of printer in title and insert each type from given photos.
10) Create slides for Line Printer, Chain printer, Golf ball printer, Daisy wheel
printer, Dot Matrix printer, inkjet printer, LASER printer, thermal printer
and Plotter.
11) Display the presentation.

EX. No.99
Date: 29.12.2017
AIM: To create spreadsheet and chart using OpenOffice Calc
PROCEDURE:
1) Open OpenOffice Draw by choosing Start->All Apps->OpenOffice-
>OpenOffice Calc (or Press Windows+R, type scalc and press enter).
2) Enter Sl. No., Name, Mark in cells A1, B1 and C1.
3) Select cells A1:C1, set bold font (Ctrl+B). Select Format->Cells (Alt+O+L).
Choose Alignment tab, place tick mark against Wrap Text automatically.
4) Enter 1 in cell A2. =A2+1 in cell A3.
5) Copy cell A3. Select cells A4:A6. Choose Paste (Ctrl+V) and verify that
serial number 1 to 5 are displayed.
6) Enter any five names in cells B2 to B6.
7) Enter the formula =randbetween(75;100) in cells C2 to C6.
8) Enter Average, Standard deviation, Median in cells B7, B8 and B9.
9) Enter the formulae =average(C2:C6), =stdev(C2:C6), =median(C2:C6) in
cells C7, C8 and C9.
10) Select cells C7, C8, C9. Open Format->Cells. Under Numbers tab, set
Decimal places to 2.
11) Select cells B7:C9. Apply bold style.
12) Select cells B1:C6. Choose Insert->Chart (Alt+I+C+Enter).
13) Select Column, 3D Look->Realistic. Press Finish. Cut the chart and paste
it in Sheet2.
14) Print Sheet1 on one side and Chart on the other side of A4 sheet.
Ex. No.100
Date: 02.01.2018
AIM: Installing XAMPP
PROCEDURE:

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1) Right Click on the XAMPP installation file. Choose Run As Administrator.

Press Yes to confirm running the program as administrator.
2) Press Next in the XAMPP welcome page.
3) Select All Components and press Next.
4) Choose the default installation folder. It should be c:\xampp for easy
configuration.
5) Press Next. Let the installation continue.
6) After the installation finishes, ensure that a tick mark to open xampp
control panel.
7) Press Finish.
8) When XAMPP control panel opens, choose US English (first flag). Press
Save.
9) Choose Start->All Apps->XAMPP->XAMPP control panel. Start the
services required (Apache, MySQL, etc.)

Ex. No.101
AIM: To Create self introduction page using HTML
PROCEDURE:
1) Start Apache service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps-
>XAMPP->XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\htdocs.
4) Type MKDIR <NAME>. Type CD <NAME>. This will ensure that you will
save all your files in your own folder.
5) Type notepad intro.html in command prompt.
6) Type the following code, save the same and close notepad:
<html>
<head>
<title>
My Intro Page
</title>
<style>
p{
text-align:justify;
font-size:240%;

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font-style:bold;
font-weight:bold;
color:blue;
text-indent:10mm
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1 style="color:red; text-align:center;font-size:300%">
Welcome to my introduction page: Your name
</h1>
<p>
My name is .... I am studying COPA trade in Govt. ITI for Women, Puducherry.
I am preparing for first semester examination. The examination starts on 29-
Jan-2018.
</p>
<p>
The second semester starts on 01-02-2018.
</p>
</body>
</html>
7) Open FireFox browser, press Ctrl+L and type the URL
http://127.0.0.1/<name>/intro.html.
8) Verify that the introduction page loads.
***
Ex. No.102
AIM: To Create ordered and unordered list using HTML
PROCEDURE:
1) Start Apache service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps-
>XAMPP->XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\htdocs\<NAME>.
4) Type notepad list.html in command prompt.
5) Type the following code, save the same and close notepad:
<html>

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<head>
<title>
List of computer peripherals
</title>
<style>
h1{text-align:center; color:blue}
ol {font-size:120%; color:red}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>List of computer peripherals</h1>
<ol>
<li>Monitor</li>
<li>Keyboard</li>
<li>Mouse</li>
<li>Printer
<ul>
<li>Line matrix printer</li>
<li>Daisy wheel printer</li>
<li>Golf ball printer</li>
<li>Dot matrix printer</li>
<li>Inkjet printer</li>
<li>LASER printer</li>
<li>Thermal printer</li>
<li>Dot matrix printer</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Scanner</li>
</ol>
</body>
</html>
6) Open FireFox browser, press Ctrl+L and type the URL
http://127.0.0.1/<name>/list.html.
7) Verify that the list page loads.

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Ex. No.103
AIM: To Create table using HTML
PROCEDURE:
1) Start Apache service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps-
>XAMPP->XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\htdocs\<NAME>.
4) Type notepad table.html in command prompt.
5) Type the following code, save the same and close notepad:
<html>
<head>
<title>Ice creams</title>
<style>
h1{color:green; text-align:center}
th {vertical-align:middle; text-align-centre; font-weight:bold;
background:lightgreen; color:red; font-size:120%}
#odd {vertical-align:middle; text-align-centre; font-weight:normal;
background:#FFBBBB; color:blue; font-size:120%}
#even {vertical-align:middle; text-align-centre; font-weight:normal;
background:#BBBBFF; color:red; font-size:120%}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Types of ice cream (<your name>)</h1>
<span align="center">
<table border=1>
<tr><th>Sl. No.</th><th>Name</th><th>Cream</th><th>Rate</th></tr>
<tr id="odd"><td>1</td><td>Dessert</td><td><img width=20% src="ice-
creams/01-dessert.jpg"></td><td>Rs.120/-</td></tr>
<tr id="even"><td>2</td><td>Cone</td><td><img width=20% src="ice-
creams/02-cone.jpg"></td><td>Rs.60/-</td></tr>

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<tr id="odd"><td>1</td><td>Chocolate</td><td><img width=20% src="ice-

creams/03-chaco.jpg"></td><td>Rs.90/-</td></tr>
<tr id="even"><td>4</td><td>Cone</td><td><img width=20% src="ice-
creams/04-strawberry.jpg"></td><td>Rs.100/-</td></tr>
</table>
</span>
</body>
</html>
6) Copy icre-creams folder inside c:\xampp\htdocs\<your_name>.
7) Open FireFox browser, press Ctrl+L and type the URL
http://127.0.0.1/<name>/table.html.
8) Verify that the table page loads.

Ex. No.104
AIM: To create CSS based style sheets for HTML page
PROCEDURE:
1) Start Apache service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps-
>XAMPP->XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\htdocs\<NAME>.
4) Type notepad red.css in command prompt.
5) Type the following code, save the same and close notepad (This file will
apply red colour theme to the HTML file):
body {
background-color: #222277;
font-size: 300%;
color: #FF0000
}

h1 {
color: #FF0000;
text-align: center
}

marquee {

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background-color: #0000FF
}
6) Type notepad green.css in command prompt.
7) Type the following code, save the same and close notepad (This file will
apply red colour theme to the HTML file):
body {
background-color: #222266;
font-size: 300%;
color: #00FF00
}

h1 {
color: #00FF00;
text-align: center
}

marquee {
background-color: #0000FF
}
8) Type notepad styled.html in command prompt.
9) Type the following code, save the same and close notepad:
<html>
<head>
<title>Red style</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="green.css">
</head>

<body>
<h1>Ridge TV Channel</h1>
<marquee>
Breaking news
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs
p;&nbsp;
Nothing new under the Sun!

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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs
p;&nbsp;
Keep your cool!!
</marquee>
</body>
</html>
10) Open FireFox browser, press Ctrl+L and type the URL
http://127.0.0.1/<name>/styled.html.
11) Verify that the page loads with green theme.
12) Change the line <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="green.css">
to <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="red.css">.
13) Verify that the page changed over to red theme.
Ex. No.106
AIM: To create HTML form for addition of numbers
PROCEDURE:
1) Start Apache service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps-
>XAMPP->XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\htdocs\<YOUR NAME>.
4) Type notepad add.html in command prompt.
5) Type the following code, save the same and close notepad:
<html>
<head>
<title>Add numbers</title>
<link rel=”stylesheet” type=”text/css” href=”red.css”>
</head>

<body>
<h1>Add form</h1>
<form name=”addForm” action=”#” method=”POST”>
<center>
<table border=0>
<tr><td>Enter x</td><td>:</td><td><input type=”text”
name=”x”></td></tr>
<tr><td>Enter y</td><td>:</td><td><input type=”text”
name=”y”></td></tr>

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<tr><td colspan=3 style=”text-align:center”><input type=”button”

value=”Add” onClick=”z.value = Number(x.value) +
Number(y.value)”></td></tr>
<tr><td>Result</td><td>:</td><td><input type=”text” name=”z”
readonly></td></tr>
</table>
</center>
</form>
</body>
</html>
6) Open FireFox browser and enter the URL http://127.0.0.1/add.html.
7) Enter 2 numeric values against x and y.
8) Press Add button and verify that given numbers are correctly added.

Ex. No.107
AIM: To create HTML form for subtraction of numbers
PROCEDURE:
1) Start Apache service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps-
>XAMPP->XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\htdocs\<NAME>.
5) Type notepad sub.html in command prompt.
6) Type the following code, save the same and close notepad:
<html>
<head>
<title>Subtract numbers</title>
<link rel=”stylesheet” type=”text/css” href=”red.css”>
</head>

<body>
<h1>Subtract form</h1>
<form name=”subForm” action=”#” method=”POST”>
<center>
<table border=0>
<tr><td>Enter x</td><td>:</td><td><input type=”text”
name=”x”></td></tr>
<tr><td>Enter y</td><td>:</td><td><input type=”text”
name=”y”></td></tr>

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<tr><td colspan=3 style=”text-align:center”><input type=”button”

value=”Subtract” onClick=”z.value = Number(x.value) –
Number(y.value)”></td></tr>
<tr><td>Result</td><td>:</td><td><input type=”text” name=”z”
readonly></td></tr>
</table>
</center>
</form>
</body>
</html>
7) Open FireFox browser and enter the URL http://127.0.0.1/sub.html.
8) Enter 2 numeric values against x and y.
9) Press Subtract button and verify that given numbers are correctly
subtracted.

Ex. No.108
AIM: To create HTML form for multiplication of numbers
PROCEDURE:
1) Start Apache service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps->XAMPP-
>XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\htdocs\<NAME>.
5) Type notepad mul.html in command prompt.
6) Type the following code, save the same and close notepad:
<html>
<head>
<title>Multiplication form</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="red.css">
</head>

<body>
<h1>Multiply form</h1>
<form name="mulForm" action="#" method="POST">
<center>
<table border=0>
<tr><td>Enter x</td><td>:</td><td><input type="text"
name="x"></td></tr>
<tr><td>Enter y</td><td>:</td><td><input type="text"
name="y"></td></tr>

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<tr><td colspan=3 style="text-align:center"><input type="button"

value="Multiply" onClick="z.value = Number(x.value) *
Number(y.value)"></td></tr>
<tr><td>Result</td><td>:</td><td><input type="text" name="z"
readonly></td></tr>
</table>
</center>
</form>
</body>
</html>
7) Open FireFox browser and enter the URL http://127.0.0.1/mul.html.
8) Enter 2 numeric values against x and y.
9) Press Subtract button and verify that given numbers are correctly multiplied.

Ex. No.109
AIM: To create HTML form for division of numbers
PROCEDURE:
1) Start Apache service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps->XAMPP-
>XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\htdocs\<YOUR NAME>.
5) Type notepad div.html in command prompt.
6) Type the following code, save the same and close notepad:
<html>
<head>
<title>Division of numbers</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="red.css">
</head>

<body>
<h1>Division form</h1>
<form name="divForm" action="#" method="POST">
<center>
<table border=0>
<tr><td>Enter x</td><td>:</td><td><input type="text"
name="x"></td></tr>
<tr><td>Enter y</td><td>:</td><td><input type="text"
name="y"></td></tr>

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<tr><td colspan=3 style="text-align:center"><input type="button"

value="Divide" onClick="z.value = Number(x.value) /
Number(y.value)"></td></tr>
<tr><td>Result</td><td>:</td><td><input type="text" name="z"
readonly></td></tr>
</table>
</center>
</form>
</body>
</html>
7) Open FireFox browser and enter the URL http://127.0.0.1/div.html.
8) Enter 2 numeric values against x and y.
9) Press Subtract button and verify that given numbers are correctly divided.

Ex. No.110
Date:
AIM: To create HTML form for age calculation
PROCEDURE:
1) Start Apache service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps->XAMPP-
>XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\htdocs\<NAME>.
5) Type notepad age.html in command prompt.
6) Type the following code, save the same and close notepad:
<html>
<head>
<title>Age calculation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="green.css">
</head>

<body>
<h1>Age calculation</h1>
<form name="ageForm" action="#" method="POST">
<center>
<table border=0>
<tr><td>Enter DOB</td><td>:</td><td><input type="date"
name="dob"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan=3 style="text-align:center"><input type="button"
value="Age" onClick="res.value = (new Date(Date.now() - new
Date(dob.value).getTime()).getUTCFullYear()-1970)"></td></tr>

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<tr><td>Age</td><td>:</td><td><input type="text" name="res"

readonly></td></tr>
</table>
</center>
</form>
</body>
</html>
7) Open FireFox browser and enter the URL http://127.0.0.1/age.html.
8) Enter a date of birth.
9) Press Age button and verify that correct age is displayed.

Ex. No.111
Date:
AIM: To create PHP script for calculating power of a number
PROCEDURE:
1) Start Apache service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps->XAMPP-
>XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\htdocs\<NAME>.
5) Type notepad pow.php in command prompt.
6) Type the following code, save the same and close notepad:
<?php
$x = $_POST['x'];
$y = $_POST['y'];
$z = pow($x, $y);
echo $x . " ^ " . $y . " = " . $z;
?>
7) The working of this script can be verified only after creating a HTML form for
the input of x and y.

Ex. No.112
AIM: To create HTML for to calculate power using PHP server side script
PROCEDURE:
1) Start Apache service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps->XAMPP-
>XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\htdocs\<NAME>.
5) Type notepad pow.html in command prompt.
6) Type the following code, save the same and close notepad:
<html>

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<head>
<title>Power</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="green.css">
</head>

<body>
<h1>Power form</h1>
<form name="powForm" action="pow.php" method="POST">
<center>
<table border=0>
<tr><td>Enter x</td><td>:</td><td><input type="text"
name="x"></td></tr>
<tr><td>Enter y</td><td>:</td><td><input type="text"
name="y"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan=3 style="text-align:center"><input type="submit"
value="Power"> <input type="reset" value="Reset"> </td></tr>
</table>
</center>
</form>
</body>
</html>
7) Open FireFox browser. Enter the URL http://127.0.0.1/<name>/pow.html.
8) Enter 2 numbers and press Power.
9) Verify that the PHP script sends the power value correctly.

Ex. No.113
AIM: To create Database using MySQL
PROCEDURE:
1) Start MySQL service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps-
>XAMPP->XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\mysql\bin.
4) Type mysql –u root –p in command prompt.
5) When prompted for a password, press blank enter (since there is
password by default for MySQL server in XAMPP).
6) The MySQL prompt opens.
7) Enter the SQL command create database <your name>; (create
database amala;). Press enter.
8) Issue the command use <your name>.
9) Issue the command exit to close MySQL prompt.

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Ex. No.114
AIM: To create table to store contacts data.
PROCEDURE:
1) Start MySQL service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps-
>XAMPP->XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\mysql\bin.
4) Type mysql –u root –p –D <your name> in command prompt.
5) Press enter key when prompted for a password.
6) To create a table with columns (id, name, mobile) issue the following
SQL command:
create table contacts (id bigint auto_increment primary key, name
varchar(30) not null key, moble varchar(20), email varchar(30));
7) To verify the structure of the table, issue the command
describe contacts;
8) Verify that the description looks like the following result:
MariaDB [test]> describe contacts;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | bigint(20) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | varchar(30) | NO | | NULL | |
| moble | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| email | varchar(30) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.09 sec)

Ex. No.115
AIM: To insert data into contacts table using MySQL
PROCEDURE:
1) Start MySQL service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps-
>XAMPP->XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\mysql\bin.
4) Type mysql –u root –p –D <your name> in command prompt.
5) Press enter key when prompted for a password.
6) To insert data into the contacts table (having columns id, name, mobile
and email), type the following commands:
insert into contacts values(0, ‘Eshwari’, ‘678675675’,’[email protected]’);
insert into contacts values(0, ‘Nameera’, ‘323435345’,’[email protected]’);
insert into contacts values(0, ‘Sathiya’, ‘8756434742’,’[email protected]’);
insert into contacts values(0, ‘Uma Rajeswari’,
‘678675675’,’[email protected]’);
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insert into contacts values(0, ‘Temp’, ‘678675675’,’[email protected]’);

Ex. No.116
AIM: To select data using MySQL
PROCEDURE:
1) Start MySQL service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps-
>XAMPP->XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\mysql\bin.
4) Type mysql –u root –p –D <your name> in command prompt.
5) Press enter key when prompted for a password.
6) Use the following select commands:
Select * from contacts;
Select * from contacts order by name;
Select * from contacts order by id;
Select * from contacts order by name DESC;
Select * from contacts where name = 'Eshwari';
Select * from contacts where name like 'Uma%';
Select * from contacts where name <> 'Eshwari' order by name DESC;
Select name, mobile from contacts order by name DESC;
Select name, email from contacts;

Ex. No.117
AIM: To update data held in contacts table using MySQL
PROCEDURE:
1) Start MySQL service using XAMPP control panel (Start->All Apps-
>XAMPP->XAMPP Control Panel.
2) Open command prompt (Press Windows+R, type CMD and press enter).
3) Type CD c:\xampp\mysql\bin.
4) Type mysql –u root –p –D <your name> in command prompt.
5) Press enter key when prompted for a password.
6) To change email ID for name=’Eshwari’ from ’[email protected]’ to
’[email protected]’, enter the following SQL command:
update contacts set email='[email protected]' where name='Eshwari';
7) To delete a record where name=’Temp’, issue the following command:
Delete from contacts where name=’Temp’;

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