Sage E

School Administration Guide
(2018/19 school year)
Education Bureau
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【Points to Note】
 This Guide is applicable to aided schools.
 The term “School Management Committee” (SMC) in this Guide covers
the Incorporated Management Committee (IMC).
 Schools should also make reference to the Education Ordinance, Education
Regulations, Codes of Aid and the relevant legislations in Hong Kong.
 Aided IMC schools should read this Guide in conjunction with the
“Supplement to the School Administration Guide”.
 The Education Bureau circulars/ circular memoranda mentioned in the
various chapters of this Guide are highlighted in RED. The relevant
circulars/ circular memoranda can be searched and retrieved via the
“Circular” section in “About EDB” at EDB homepage.
 Hyperlinks provided in this Guide are highlighted in BLUE.
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Contents
CHAPTER 1 SCHOOL-BASED MANAGEMENT ................................................. 1

1.1 BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................... 1
1.2 OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................................. 2
1.3 KEY ELEMENTS ........................................................................................................ 4
1.4 PARAMETERS........................................................................................................... 5
1.5 MAJOR REQUIREMENTS AND REGULATIONS FOR SCHOOL OPERATION ............. 6
CHAPTER 2 LEARNING AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATTERS ......................... 15
2.1 SCHOOL-BASED CURRICULUM PLANNING ............................................................ 15
2.1.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 15
2.1.2 Goals .................................................................................................................. 16
2.1.3 Guiding principles .......................................................................................... 17
2.1.4 Learning experiences .................................................................................... 17
2.1.5 Life-wide learning ........................................................................................... 18
2.2 WHAT IS TO BE LEARNT IN THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM ....................................... 20
2.2.1 Components of the school curriculum ..................................................... 20
2.2.2 Key Learning Areas ....................................................................................... 20
2.2.3 Generic skills ................................................................................................... 20
2.2.4 Values and attitudes ...................................................................................... 21
2.3 ENHANCING STUDENTS’ LEARNING ...................................................................... 23
2.3.1 Principles of facilitating learning and teaching ..................................... 23
2.3.2 Meaningful homework ................................................................................... 27
2.3.3 Flexible use of learning time ....................................................................... 28
2.3.4 Selection of textbooks and learning/teaching materials ..................... 29
2.3.5 Weight of school bags .................................................................................. 33
2.4 DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES TO SUPPORT SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS ............... 34
2.4.1 Curriculum support materials ..................................................................... 34
2.4.2 Teacher development programmes........................................................... 34
2.5 THE ROLES OF CHANGE AGENTS IN SCHOOLS ..................................................... 36
2.5.1 School heads ................................................................................................... 36
2.5.2 Primary school curriculum leaders ........................................................... 36
2.5.3 Senior teachers and panel heads............................................................... 37
2.5.4 Teachers ........................................................................................................... 37
2.5.5 Teacher-librarians .......................................................................................... 37
Appendix School days and suggested lesson time allocation for primary, junior
secondary and senior secondary levels ....................................................... 38
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CHAPTER 3 STUDENT MATTERS ...................................................................... 43
3.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 43
3.2 ADMISSION, ATTENDANCE AND ABSENCE, DROPOUT, TRANSFER ...................... 44
3.2.1 Admission......................................................................................................... 44
3.2.2 Attendance and absence .............................................................................. 45
3.2.3 Dropout ............................................................................................................. 46
3.2.4 Transfer ............................................................................................................. 47
3.3 RECORDS, PROMOTION, REPETITION AND PROGRESSION................................... 49
3.3.1 Records ............................................................................................................. 49
3.3.2 Promotion and repetition ............................................................................. 49
3.3.3 Progression of students in special schools ........................................... 51
3.4 SAFETY MATTERS .................................................................................................. 52
3.4.1 Safety precautions and guidelines ............................................................ 52
3.4.2 Handling accidents and medical emergency .......................................... 53
3.4.3 First aid ............................................................................................................. 55
3.4.4 School bus services ...................................................................................... 55
3.4.5 Flag days........................................................................................................... 56
3.4.6 Insurance .......................................................................................................... 57
3.5 HEALTH MATTERS.................................................................................................. 58
3.5.1 Healthy learning environment ..................................................................... 58
3.5.2 Points to note .................................................................................................. 58
3.5.3 Health services ................................................................................................ 60
3.5.4 Handling incidents of infectious diseases .............................................. 61
3.5.5 Healthy meal .................................................................................................... 64
3.6 DISCIPLINE ............................................................................................................. 66
3.6.1 General principles .......................................................................................... 66
3.6.2 School rules ..................................................................................................... 66
3.6.3 Reinforcing positive behaviour .................................................................. 67
3.6.4 Handling misbehaviour ................................................................................. 67
3.7 SERIOUS STUDENT BEHAVIOURAL PROBLEMS ................................................... 72
3.7.1 Student suicide cases ................................................................................... 72
3.7.2 Drug taking and trafficking .......................................................................... 74
3.7.3 Sex related problems..................................................................................... 76
3.7.4 Pornographic materials ................................................................................ 76
3.7.5 Gambling........................................................................................................... 77
3.7.6 Bullying ............................................................................................................. 79
3.7.7 Gang activities................................................................................................. 80
3.7.8 Suspected student illegal behaviour......................................................... 80
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3.8 SUPPORT SERVICES .............................................................................................. 81
3.8.1 Counseling and guidance services ........................................................... 81
3.8.2 School social work service for secondary schools .............................. 82
3.8.3 Life planning education and career guidance for secondary
schools.............................................................................................................. 82
3.8.4 Support for students with special educational needs .......................... 85
3.8.5 Support for gifted students ......................................................................... 86
3.8.6 Support services for newly-arrived children and returnee children 88
3.8.7 Support for non-Chinese speaking students .......................................... 88
3.8.8 Student financial assistance schemes ..................................................... 90
3.8.9 Handling of child abuse cases .................................................................... 91
Appendix 1 Recommended list of first aid items ................................................................ 96
Appendix 2 Medical history of student (Sample) ............................................................... 97
Appendix 3 Government and Professional Organisations Promoting Anti-drug
Education ...................................................................................................... 99
CHAPTER 4 HOME-SCHOOL-COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIP ..................... 104
4.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 104
4.2 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF PARENTS ..................................................... 105
4.3 HOME-SCHOOL PARTNERSHIP ............................................................................ 107
4.3.1 Policy and opportunities for parental participation ............................ 107
4.3.2 Means of effective communication .......................................................... 108
4.3.3 Parent education programmes ................................................................. 110
4.4 STRATEGIES FOR HANDLING COMPLAINTS......................................................... 111
4.4.1 Guidelines on handling complaints......................................................... 111
4.4.2 Dealing with the media and public bodies............................................. 113
4.5 DISTRICT AND COMMUNITY RESOURCES ............................................................ 115
4.5.1 Regional Education Offices ....................................................................... 115
4.5.2 Government departments .......................................................................... 115
4.5.3 Non-Governmental Organisations ........................................................... 120
CHAPTER 5 PLANNING, SCHOOL SELF-EVALUATION AND
BUDGETING ..................................................................................... 122
5.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 122
5.2 SCHOOL MISSION, PHILOSOPHY AND GOALS ..................................................... 123
5.3 PLANNING AND SCHOOL SELF-EVALUATION..................................................... 124
5.3.1 School Development Plan .......................................................................... 124
5.3.2 Annual School Plan ..................................................................................... 125
5.3.3 School Report ................................................................................................ 125
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5.3.4 Schedule for drawing up the School Development Plan, Annual
School Plan and School Report ............................................................... 126
5.4 BUDGETING .......................................................................................................... 127
5.4.1 Principles of budgeting............................................................................... 127
5.4.2 Programme budgeting ................................................................................ 127
5.4.3 Budgeting process ....................................................................................... 127
CHAPTER 6 SCHOOL FINANCE MATTERS ................................................... 129
6.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 129
6.2 SCHOOL REVENUE .............................................................................................. 130
6.2.1 Government subventions ........................................................................... 130
6.2.2 Other sources of school income .............................................................. 133
6.3 TRADING OPERATIONS ........................................................................................ 137
6.4 PROCUREMENT OF STORES AND SERVICES ....................................................... 139
6.4.1 Guiding principles ........................................................................................ 139
6.4.2 Procurement requirements ........................................................................ 139
6.5 ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL CONTROL ............................................................ 143
6.5.1 Statutory requirements ............................................................................... 143
6.5.2 Recommended practices ............................................................................ 143
6.6 INTERNAL CONTROL ............................................................................................ 145
6.6.1 Guiding principles ........................................................................................ 145
6.6.2 Allocation of accounting duties ............................................................... 145
6.6.3 Handling of school income ........................................................................ 146
6.6.4 Making payments ......................................................................................... 147
6.6.5 Safe keeping school assets and other valuables ................................ 148
6.6.6 Operating bank accounts and signing cheques .................................. 148
6.7 ANNUAL AUDITED ACCOUNTS ............................................................................. 150
6.8 RETENTION OF ACCOUNTING RECORDS ............................................................. 151
Appendix 1 Components of the Operating Expenses Block Grant ................................ 152
Appendix 2 Components of the Expanded Operating Expenses Block Grant .............. 154
Appendix 3 Approved list of fines/ charges & fees ........................................................... 156
Appendix 4 Approved collections for specific purposes .................................................. 157
Appendix 5 Requirements in connection with fund-raising activities from other
government departments ........................................................................... 158
Appendix 6 Sexual Conviction Record Check Sample Service Specification ................ 160
Appendix 7 Daily Collection Summary ............................................................................. 161
Appendix 8 Proforma Fixed Assets Register .................................................................... 162
Appendix 9 Proforma Undertaking by School Supervisor.............................................. 163
Appendix 10 Proforma notification of Bank Signatories and Bank Account................ 164
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Appendix 11 Financial Statement (Fund Raising Activities) - Sample of a Standard
Income and Expenditure Account ............................................................ 165
Appendix 12 Relaxed requirements for the issue of official receipts for certain types
of collections ................................................................................................ 168
Appendix 13 Proforma Loan Register .............................................................................. 169
CHAPTER 7 PERSONNEL MATTERS .............................................................. 170
7.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 170
7.2 APPOINTMENT, REGRADING, PROMOTION AND ACTING APPOINTMENT ............ 172
7.2.1 Appointment of teaching staff .................................................................. 172
7.2.2 Regrading ....................................................................................................... 174
7.2.3 Appointment of non-teaching staff .......................................................... 175
7.2.4 Promotion and acting appointment ......................................................... 177
7.3 STAFF SELECTION ............................................................................................... 179
7.3.1 General principles and procedures ......................................................... 179
7.3.2 Selection panel .............................................................................................. 180
7.4 ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES FOR THE APPOINTMENT OF SCHOOL STAFF ... 182
7.4.1 Physical check-up ........................................................................................ 182
7.4.2 Verification of qualifications and experience ....................................... 182
7.4.3 Teacher registration..................................................................................... 184
7.4.4 Employment contract .................................................................................. 186
7.4.5 Staff data and personal file ........................................................................ 189
7.5 RIGHTS AND BENEFITS OF SCHOOL EMPLOYEES ............................................... 190
7.5.1 Employment protection under the Employment Ordinance ............. 190
7.5.2 Staff safety and staff injured on duty ...................................................... 190
7.5.3 Leave matters ................................................................................................ 191
7.5.4 Provident Fund Scheme ............................................................................. 192
7.5.5 Long Service Payment/ Severance Payment for non-teaching staff193
7.6 STAFF DEVELOPMENT ......................................................................................... 194
7.6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 194
7.6.2 Responsibilities of the SMC ...................................................................... 194
7.6.3 Staff development planning....................................................................... 194
7.6.4 Recognition and Incentive ......................................................................... 195
7.7 STAFF APPRAISAL ............................................................................................... 196
7.8 STAFF CONDUCT AND DISCIPLINE ....................................................................... 197
7.8.1 Standards of professional conduct ......................................................... 197
7.8.2 Conflict of interest ........................................................................................ 197
7.8.3 General principles in taking disciplinary actions ................................ 198
7.9 HANDLING STAFF COMPLAINTS .......................................................................... 199
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7.10 STAFF RESIGNATION, RETIREMENT AND EXTENSION OF SERVICES ................ 201
Appendix 1 Documents / Information to be submitted for application for the
appointment of school head ....................................................................... 203
Appendix 2 Non-teaching staff employed in various types of aided schools.................. 204
Appendix 3 Appointment of teaching staff ....................................................................... 205
Appendix 4 Checklist for recruitment procedures........................................................... 206
Appendix 5 Staff promotion and acting appointment ..................................................... 208
Appendix 6 Regrading of serving teachers of aided primary schools in the
non-graduate teaching grades to the graduate teaching grades ............ 210
Appendix 7 Suggested list of information to be kept in staff’s personal file .................. 211
Appendix 8 Suggested Retention Periods for Employment - Related Personal Data ... 212
Appendix 9 Leave entitlement for staff in Aided Schools................................................ 214
Appendix 10 Approving authority for granting of leave ................................................. 221
Appendix 11 Conflict of interest ........................................................................................ 223
Appendix 12 Reference Points for Handling Cases of Teacher Misconduct ................. 225
CHAPTER 8 SCHOOL PREMISES AND SAFETY .......................................... 232
8.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 232
8.2 USE OF SCHOOL PREMISES ................................................................................. 233
8.2.1 Requirements in the Codes of Aid and legislations ........................... 233
8.2.2 Hire of accommodation............................................................................... 233
8.2.3 Proper use of lockers .................................................................................. 234
8.3 SECURITY AND SAFETY MEASURES .................................................................... 236
8.3.1 Security measures in schools................................................................... 236
8.3.2 Security measures in classroom .............................................................. 237
8.3.3 Fire prevention measures .......................................................................... 238
8.3.4 Safety measures ........................................................................................... 238
8.4 CRISIS MANAGEMENT.......................................................................................... 239
8.4.1 Common crises ............................................................................................. 239
8.4.2 Gas leakage .................................................................................................... 239
8.4.3 Bomb calls ...................................................................................................... 239
8.4.4 Crisis management team ............................................................................ 240
8.5 MAINTENANCE OF SCHOOL PREMISES ............................................................... 242
8.5.1 Minor repairs .................................................................................................. 242
8.5.2 Major repairs .................................................................................................. 242
8.5.3 Emergency repairs ....................................................................................... 243
8.5.4 Maintenance of slopes and drainages .................................................... 243
8.6 ALTERATIONS TO SCHOOL PREMISES ................................................................ 245
8.6.1 Improvement and extension to school buildings ................................ 245
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8.6.2 Change of room use .................................................................................... 245
8.7 DAMAGE/LOSS TO SCHOOL PREMISES .............................................................. 247
Appendix 1 Proforma record of hire accommodation ..................................................... 248
Appendix 2 Some hints on security measures for transporting cash ............................. 249
Appendix 3 School assets and replacement of lost items ................................................. 250
Appendix 4 Points to note and fire safety recommendations in organizing barbecues
and hot pot activities in school .................................................................. 251
Appendix 5 Sample of the resource directory .................................................................. 253
Appendix 6 Template of letter to government departments applying for change of
room use ...................................................................................................... 254
Appendix 7 Contact points of the respective government departments in processing
room conversion ......................................................................................... 255
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Chapter 1 School-based Management
1.1 Background
Back in 1991, the then Education Department (ED) introduced the School
Management Initiative (SMI) Scheme, which offered a school-based management
(SBM) framework for enhancing the effectiveness of schools. In the Report No.7 on
Quality Education issued in 1997, the Education Commission formulated
recommendations to improve school management and performance for the provision of
quality school education, to prepare our young people to face the challenges and
competition which lie ahead in a global and knowledge-based economy. One of the
recommendations is that schools should practise SBM, in the spirit of the SMI Scheme,
to develop their own ways of meeting the needs of the students and enhancing learning
outcomes.
SBM is the decentralization of decision-making from the Education Bureau (EDB)

to schools regarding personnel procedures, financial matters and the design and
delivery of curriculum. But schools must still satisfy the government regulatory
requirements and the Codes of Aid (COA).
Since 1999, measures have been taken to facilitate schools’ implementation of

SBM, including more flexible funding arrangements, streamlining of administrative
procedures, and devolution of more responsibilities to schools in personnel, financial
and curriculum matters. All these measures are to create more room for schools to
develop quality education with their own characteristics and provide schools with more
flexibility in the use of public funds. Schools can find more information on the
background and implementation of SBM at the “School-based Management” webpage.
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1.2 Objectives
1. SBM aims to enable schools to manage their operation and resources in an

effective and accountable manner so as to raise the standards of learning and
teaching and thus improve the students’ learning outcomes. Hence, schools are
devolved more responsibilities and provided with the necessary resources,
autonomy and flexibilities so that they can respond proactively to the needs of the
students and the community in the delivery of educational services.
2. The objective is that schools will develop a management framework for building a
shared vision and ownership among all members of the school community, and
strengthening the partnership among the various stakeholders through participatory
decision-making. The key stakeholders can contribute their views and expertise
for the betterment of the school.
3. We envisage that our schools will be professional learning communities wherein

decisions are made by those who work directly with the students and continuous
improvement is ensured through more systematic planning and self-evaluation
processes.
4. The Figure below illustrates how SBM influences student learning outcome and
the interaction/ inter-relationship among the various elements of the school
operation:
2
SCHOOL SPONSORING BODY-VISION AND MISSION
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE

 School sponsoring body members
 Principal
 Parent members
 Teacher members
 Independent members
 Alumni members
GOALS AND TARGETS
PERSONNEL POLICIES RESOURCE POLICIES

 Recruitment  Establishment of block grant
 Induction / Professional  IT strategy
development  Library resource and facilities
 Performance management  Building maintenance and
 Reward and compensation management
 Deployment and work allocation  Community resources
 Exit policy  Donations
 Revenue generation
INSTRUCTIONAL
POLICIES
SELF - EVALUATION
EXTERNAL ASSESSMENT  Curriculum
 Key Performance
 Student performance  Learning & teaching
Measures
 Organisational effectiveness  Assessment
 Stakeholder Survey
 Life-wide Learning
 Student achievement
 Lesson time allocation
 Homework policy
 Student support
STUDENT LEARNING
OUTCOMES
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1.3 Key elements
1. The SBM is a school-based, student-centred and quality-focused framework for

school management.
2. The Education Commission recommended that schools have to be more

accountable for their performance and more transparent in their operation and
SBM should comprise the following five key elements:
a. development of formal procedures for setting school goals and evaluating progress
towards these goals;
b. provision of a school development plan, a school profile, school budgets and
means of evaluating progress;
c. preparation of a written constitution for the School Management Committee
(SMC);
d. participation of teachers, parents and alumni in school management, development
planning, evaluation and decision-making; and
e. development of formal procedures and resources for staff appraisal and staff
development according to teachers’ needs.
For the planning of school development, self-evaluation and preparation of school
budget, please refer to Chapter 5. For the establishment of a formal staff
appraisal system in school, please refer to Section 7.7.
3. According to the “Education Ordinance” (Chapter 279 of the Laws of Hong Kong),
all aided schools are required to set up Incorporated Management Committee
(IMC) to manage the school through participatory governance.
4. The composition of IMC comprises six categories of school managers: SSB

Managers; Principal (as ex-officio manager); Teacher Managers elected by all
teaching staff; Parent Managers elected by the Recognized Parent Teacher
Association, Alumni Managers elected by Recognized Alumni Association and
Independent Managers nominated by the SSB. Despite the difference in
background, school managers should collaborate closely as members of an
effective team.
5. Acting in good faith and personal capacity, school managers of all categories shall
participate actively in the discussion concerning school affairs and make decisions
in an impartial manner for the best interests of students and school development.
For the roles and responsibilities of School Managers, please refer to the “School
Managers’ Handbook”, “Tips for School Managers” and other related information
posted on the “School-based Management” webpage.
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1.4 Parameters
1. A self-managing school is not free from regulation. It operates within a

framework of policies, standards and accountability. In parallel with the
autonomy given to schools in the context of school-based management, schools
are also required to be publicly accountable for their educational achievements and
proper use of public funds.
2. The SBM framework operates in the following ways:

a. There will be increased transparency of school governance through direct
participation of the key stakeholders in school decision-making and management.
b. Schools shall comply with the rules and regulations under the Education
Ordinance and Education Regulations as well as the other related ordinances; the
relevant COA; instructions as may be issued by EDB from time to time and the
guidelines from the school sponsoring bodies.
c. Schools shall measure and report on their own performance through
self-evaluation processes.
d. EDB oversees quality assurance and offers schools an external perspective on their
performance.
e. EDB develops performance indicators and assessment tools for the schools’
reference in conducting their self-evaluation.
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1.5 Major Requirements and Regulations for School Operation
1. Learning and Instructional Matters
Education Regulations: R92(12)

 The responsible person shall inform the Permanent Secretary for Education of
any change in the hours of school work.

 No instruction, education, entertainment, recreation or activity of any kind
which, in the opinion of the Permanent Secretary for Education , is in any way
prejudicial to the welfare of the students or to their education generally shall
be permitted on any school premises or on the occasion of any school or
classroom activity.
2. Student Matters
Education Regulations: R58

 No teacher shall administer corporal punishment to a student.
Education Ordinance: S73 - S78

 The Permanent Secretary for Education may issue an Attendance Order
requiring a student to attend regularly at primary or secondary school specified
in the order.
Education Regulations: R55(1)-(4)

 At least one first aid box shall be provided on the premises of every school.
 At least 2 teachers in every school shall be trained in administering first aid.
 First aid boxes shall be maintained fully equipped at all times. First aid
boxes must be fitted outside and adjacent to all science laboratories and school
workshops. All science teachers, workshop instructors and their assistants
must be familiar with the contents and use of the first aid boxes.

 The Principal shall immediately report to a medical officer of schools any
suspected or known case of infectious disease amongst teachers, students or
employees of a school, or when he/ she suspects or knows that any such
person has been in contact with a case of infectious disease. The
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management authority shall cause the exclusion of such teachers, students, or
employees from school if so required by the medical officer of schools.

 The responsible person of every boarding school shall ensure that every
student is medically examined before he/ she is admitted as a boarder.

 The management authority shall submit information concerning the school or
students as may be required by the Permanent Secretary for Education.
3. School Finance Matters
Education Regulations: R60A, R61

 Fees other than the inclusive fees printed on the fees certificate are prohibited
unless such collection has been previously approved by the Permanent
Secretary for Education.

 The school shall exhibit the fees certificate in a conspicuous place on the
school premises.

 Any change of the inclusive fee requires the Permanent Secretary for
Education’s written approval.

 No manager or teacher of a school shall make collection among students
without the Permanent Secretary for Education’s written permission.
(not applicable to schools with incorporated management committee (IMC)).

 The school shall issue formal receipts in respect of every payment made by
students/ parents/ guardians.
(not applicable to IMC schools)
Education Regulations: R99A

App 1, COA for PS, App 1, COA for SS
App 1, COA for SPS, Vol. I & Vol. II
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 The SMC shall obtain the Permanent Secretary for Education’s prior written
permission in any of the following cases
 to operate or to allow any person to operate any business or trading
undertaking on the school premises; or
 to enter into any business or trading arrangements, directly or indirectly,
with any person for the supply of any items for students.
 The SMC shall furnish to the Permanent Secretary for Education an annual
audited statement of accounts of every such business or trading undertaking,
or business or trading arrangements, together with a statement indicating how
the profits have been applied or are intended to be applied, within 4 months
after the end of the financial year of the school.
 No SMC member shall apply the profits for any purpose not directly
benefiting the students of the school without the prior permission in writing of
the Permanent Secretary for Education.
Education Regulations: R99B

S14.5(g) of COA for Aided Schools
 Education Regulations: R99A is not applicable to IMC schools. IMC schools
shall comply with Education Regulations: R99B.
 The IMC shall not apply any profits arising from trading operations for any
purpose not directly benefiting the pupils of the school without the prior
written permission of the Permanent Secretary for Education.
 The IMC shall furnish EDB with its annual audited financial statements which
include the profits arising from such businesses or trading undertakings or
trading arrangements within 6 months after the end of the financial year/ the
year end date of the school.

 The management authority shall keep proper accounts and retain the accounts
and relevant vouchers for a period of not less than 7 years for inspection by
the Permanent Secretary for Education.
S14(b), COA for PS, S14(c), COA for SS

S15(c), COA for SPS, Vol. I
S12, COA for SPS, Vol. II
 Income arising from subscriptions may not be transferred to any other body or
any other fund separately kept by the sponsoring body unless the school has
previously obtained the written permission of the Permanent Secretary for
Education.
S14.3(e), COA for Aided Schools
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 An IMC school must not transfer income arising from the approved collection
of other fees and charges to any other body, or to a fund separately kept by the
IMC for educational development or any other purpose unless such transfer
has been approved by the Permanent Secretary for Education in writing.
S17, COA for PS, S17, COA for SS

S18, COA for SPS Vol. I
S15, COA for SPS Vol. II
S14.4, COA for Aided Schools
 The SMC should seek approval from the Permanent Secretary for Education
before accepting donations which may incur recurrent expenditure from the
Government.
 All such income must be properly reflected in the Subscriptions/Capital
Reserve Fund Account.
4. Personnel Matters
Education Ordinance: S42 - S44 & S48 - S49

Education Regulations: R68 - R70
 No person shall teach in a school unless he is a registered teacher or a
permitted teacher. Applications for registration as a teacher or permission to
employ a permitted teacher shall be made on the specified form and
accompanied by the documents specified.
Education Ordinance: S87(3)

 It is an offence for any person who is not a registered teacher or permitted
teacher to teach in a school and the person who employs or permits him to
teach is also guilty of an offence.
Education Ordinance: S87(5)

 A period of exemption is provided under the Education Ordinance for the first
application for teacher registration.
Education Ordinance: S53 & S57

 The Permanent Secretary for Education’s approval is required for the
appointment of principal within one month after the registration or provisional
registration of a school, the SMC shall recommend, for the approval of the
Permanent Secretary for Education, a teacher of the school to be the principal.
S22&App 3 - 6, COA for PS, S21, App 3-5 & App 9, COA for SS
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S23, App 3 - 5, COA for SPS, Vol. I & Vol. II
S10.1 & S13.2(b), COA for Aided Schools
S2 & S4, Compendium to COA for Aided Schools
 For the employment of staff paid out of the Salaries Grant, the SMC has to
ensure that the appointee possesses the qualifications required for the
respective grade or post as stipulated in the COA.

 The appointment of any teaching staff shall be approved by the majority of the
managers of the school.
 The dismissal of any teaching staff shall be approved by the majority of the
managers of the school at an SMC meeting.

 The management authority shall be responsible for issuing to all teachers
letters of appointment which shall set out the conditions of service, salary
scale and conditions of termination of appointment.
Employment Ordinance
 The terms and conditions of employment shall not violate the provisions of the
Employment Ordinance. Any term of an employment contract which
purports to extinguish or reduce any right, benefit or protection conferred upon
the employee by the Employment Ordinance shall be void.
Sex Discrimination Ordinance, Disability Discrimination Ordinance,

Family Status Discrimination Ordinance, Race Discrimination Ordinance
 The SMC, as the employer, has to ensure that there is no discrimination at
work on any grounds, including sex, marital status, pregnancy, disability,
family status or race.
 Sex or disability discrimination by an employer in recruiting for a job or in
providing opportunities for promotion or transfer to, or training for, a job is
not unlawful where sex or the absence of disability is a genuine occupational
qualification.
Education Ordinance: S85 and its subsidiary legislation

 All teaching staff are required to join the Provident Fund Scheme.
Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance

 All non-teaching staff are required to join the Mandatory Provident Fund
Schemes unless they are exempted under the Ordinance.
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The Prevention of Bribery Ordinance- S9
 The SMC, as an employer, is responsible for determining the advantages
which may or may not be accepted by the staff of the school.
S57, App 7 & App 8, COA for PS, S57, App 6 & App 7, COA for SS
S62, App 7 & App 8, COA for SPS, Vol. I, App 6 & App 9, COA for SPS, Vol. II
S6, Compendium to COA for Aided Schools
 The SMC shall follow the relevant procedures for dismissal and termination of
employment (including non-renewal of contract) of teaching staff as laid down
in the COA.
Occupational Safety and Health Ordinance

Occupational Safety and Health Regulation
 The SMC, as an employer, has a general duty to ensure, so far as reasonably
practicable, the safety and health of their employees at work.
Employment Ordinance
 The SMC must keep employment and wages records for all staff and such
records shall be retained for at least 6 months after the employee ceases to be
employed.
Employees’ Compensation Ordinance

 The Supervisor is required to obtain insurance against employer’s liability, as
well as to sign and display the Notice of Insurance on the school premises.
5. School Premises and Safety

S48, COA for PS, S47, COA for SS
S52, COA for SPS, Vol. I, S53, COA for SPS, Vol. II
S16.1, COA for Aided Schools
 The school premises shall not be used in any way prejudicial to the welfare of
the students and to their education generally.
S18, COA for PS, S18, COA for SS, S19, COA for SPS, Vol. I, S16, COA for
SPS, Vol. II
S14.2(d), COA for Aided Schools
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 The profit received from hiring out the school premises shall be credited to the
school’s accounts.
Education Ordinance: S20, Education Regulations: R10

The Permanent Secretary for Education’s approval is required for the following
matters:
 additional premises, alternative premises and deletion of premises;
 structural alterations to the school premises;
 alteration to the latrine accommodation or the sanitary arrangements of the
school;
 alteration to the ventilation or lighting of a classroom; and
 any subdivision of a classroom.
Education Regulations: R16 1

 No roof or balcony shall be used for physical education or recreational
purposes without the written approval of the Permanent Secretary for
Education.

 The school shall obtain a certificate of stability issued by an authorized person,
who certifies the suitability of using the roof as a playground, and specifies the
maximum number of students at any one time.

 Students using roof playgrounds or balcony shall be under supervision of a
teacher.
Education Regulations: R21(2)(a)

 Instruction shall be given in the use of tools or the operation of machines or in
science experiments by a responsible teacher.

 No machinery or machine tools shall be installed or used in a school workshop
except in accordance with the written consent of the Permanent Secretary for
Education.
1
Note If the roof is used to conduct PE lessons or co-curricular physical activities, it is recommended to have the total height
of the parapet wall and the metal fence at a minimum of 6.0m continuous all the way round. For the above information,
please refer to the following link:
http://www.edb.gov.hk/attachment/en/curriculum-development/kla/pe/references_resource/safety-guidelines/Safe_e.pdf
(page 3)
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Education Regulations: R21, R22A, R22B, R32 & R33
 A teacher shall be appointed to be in charge of (i) every workshop; and (ii)
every science laboratory and store room. The teachers shall be responsible
for ensuring that all necessary safety precautions are adopted.

 No student shall be permitted to enter any school workshop or science
laboratory unless a teacher is present.

 Not more than 20 students may be taught in a school workshop at the same
time by any one teacher without the approval of the Permanent Secretary for
Education.
Fire Service (Installation and Equipment) Regulations

 Fire service installations or equipment must be kept in efficient working order
and inspected by a registered contractor at least once every 12 months.

 All fire service installation and equipment on the school premises must be kept
in good condition at all times.

 The school shall comply with the requirements regarding health and
sanitation.

 Boarding schools shall comply with the requirements regarding facilities and
management of the dormitory.

 No smoking and spitting shall be permitted on the school premises.
6. General Administration
Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance

 Schools shall ensure that the purpose and manner of collection of personal
data, the use of personal data, the security measures for personal data, and
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access to personal data, etc. are in line with the respective legislation. Each
school shall keep and maintain a log book of refusals to comply with data
access or correction requests.

 Schools shall send to the Permanent Secretary for Education before 15 August
in each year notice of all holidays it is intended to give in the coming school
year. Holidays not mentioned in the notice shall only be given with the
approval of the Permanent Secretary for Education.

 The school holiday list signed by the Principal and/ or countersigned by the
Supervisor shall be posted at all times in a conspicuous place on the school
premises.

 A separate attendance register in a form approved by the Permanent Secretary
for Education shall be kept for each class.

 The Principal shall draw up a practical scheme for the evacuation of the school
premises in case of fire. Fire drills carried out by teachers and students, and
the time taken to evacuate the school premises, shall be recorded in a school
log book.
Copyright Ordinance
 School practices shall be in conformity with the legislation on copyright, in
particular, photocopying, use of computer software, etc.
Disability Discrimination Ordinance, Sex Discrimination Ordinance,

Family Status Discrimination Ordinance, Race Discrimination Ordinance
 Schools shall eliminate all forms of discrimination in their policies, procedures
and daily operation.
 Schools shall take reasonably practicable steps to ensure that the school is free
from any sexually hostile or intimidating environment, including developing a
school policy (in written form) to eliminate sexual harassment, raising the
understanding and awareness of both staff and students about sexual
harassment and setting up complaint handling mechanism to resolve sexual
harassment complaints.
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Chapter 2 Learning and Instructional Matters
The “Basic Education Curriculum Guide – To Sustain, Deepen and Focus on

Learning to Learn (Primary 1 - Primary 6)” (2014) and the “Secondary Education
Curriculum Guide” (2017) developed by the Curriculum Development Council (CDC)
provide schools with very comprehensive guidelines and suggestions on curriculum
planning, learning, teaching and assessment. Please visit the “Curriculum
Development Institute” webpage for details.
2.1 School-based curriculum planning
2.1.1 Introduction
Students are entitled to the learning experiences provided in the central curriculum.
Therefore, schools and teachers are encouraged to adapt the central curriculum in
developing their school-based curriculum to enhance student learning. Adaptation
measures may include formulating the learning targets, varying the organisation of
contents, offering optional studies, and adopting diverse learning, teaching and
assessment strategies. Hence, when developing a school-based curriculum, apart from
adopting the guidelines from the CDC, schools should also take into account teachers’
professional views when making school-based adaptations, and strike a balance
between such considerations.
While designing the school-based curriculum, schools should develop a practical

whole-school curriculum plan which is based on the reflections on their strengths, the
mission of their school as well as the targets of the curriculum reform. This
systematic plan can ensure that every member of the school works towards achieving
the priority learning targets set by the school through planning targets of different
phases and strategic steps of the school curriculum development.
Schools have to ensure that the school-based curriculum is in line with the overall
aims of education set out by the Education Commission and the overall aims of the
school curriculum set out by the CDC:
Overall Aims of Education set out by the Education Commission

 To enable every person to attain all-round development in the domains of ethics,
intellect, physique, social skills and aesthetics according to his/ her own attributes
so that he/ she is capable of lifelong learning, critical and exploratory thinking,
innovating and adapting to change; filled with self-confidence and a team spirit;
willing to put forward continuing effort for the prosperity, progress, freedom and
democracy of their society, and contribute to the future well-being of the nation
and the world at large.
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Overall Aims of the School Curriculum set out by the CDC
 The school curriculum should provide all students with essential lifelong learning
experiences for whole-person development in the domains of ethics, intellect,
physical development, social skills and aesthetics, according to individual potential,
so that all students can become active, responsible, and contributing members of
society, the nation and the world.
 The school curriculum should help students to learn how to learn through
cultivating positive values, attitudes, and a commitment to lifelong learning, and
through developing generic skills to acquire and construct knowledge. These
qualities are essential for whole-person development to cope with the challenges of
the 21st century.
 A quality curriculum for the 21st century should therefore set the directions for
teaching and learning through a coherent and flexible framework which can be
adapted to changes and the different needs of students and schools.
2.1.2 Goals
Schools also have to ensure that the school curriculum is in line with the goals and
learning aims at each stage of schooling. In view of the contexts of Hong Kong and
the development strategies proposed below, students at the primary level should be able
to:
1. know how to distinguish right from wrong, fulfil their duties as members in the
family, the society and the nation, and show acceptance and tolerance towards
pluralistic values;
2. understand their national identity and be concerned about the society, the nation
and the world, and to fulfil their role as a responsible citizen;
3. develop an interest in reading extensively and cultivate a habit of reading;
4. actively communicate with others in English and Chinese (including Putonghua);
5. develop independent learning skills, especially self-management skills and
collaboration skills;
6. master the basics of the eight Key Learning areas Areas to prepare for studying in
secondary schools; and
7. lead a healthy lifestyle and develop an interest in aesthetic and physical activities
and an ability to appreciate these activities.
For students at the secondary level, we have to enable them to:

1. become an informed and responsible citizen with a sense of national and global
identity, appreciation of positive values and attitudes as well as Chinese culture,
and respect for pluralism in society;
2. acquire and construct a broad and solid knowledge base, and to understand
contemporary issues that may impact on students’ daily lives at personal,
community, national and global levels;
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3. become proficient in biliterate and trilingual communication for better study and
life;
4. develop and apply generic skills in an integrative manner, and to become an
independent and self-directed learner for future study and work;
5. use information and information technology ethically, flexibly and effectively;
6. understand one’s own interests, aptitudes and abilities, and to develop and reflect
upon personal goals with aspirations for further studies and future career; and
7. lead a healthy lifestyle with active participation in physical and aesthetic activities,
and to appreciate sports and the arts.
For details, please browse the “Curriculum Development Institute” webpage.
2.1.3 Guiding principles

In planning the school-based curriculum, schools are advised to observe the
following guiding principles:
1. Students should learn how to learn, which involves developing their independent
learning capabilities leading to lifelong learning and whole-person development.
2. A learner-focused approach should be used to make decisions in the best interests
of students.
3. All students have the ability to learn, though they might have their own different
ways of learning. Therefore, they should be entitled to opportunities for essential
learning experiences for whole-person development, as well as opportunities for
developing diverse potentials.
4. Both the basic education and senior secondary curricula should be broad and
balanced, comprising five essential learning experiences and eight Key Learning
Areas, in order to lay a good foundation for students’ future life, employment,
further studies and lifelong learning.
5. In addition, the senior secondary curriculum should be broad and balanced with
diversification and sufficient choices, providing students with a variety of options
for some specialisation to cater for their different interests, aptitudes and abilities.
6. Curriculum development should be a continuous improvement process to help
students learn better. The school-based curriculum should be adjusted with time
and with reference to the contexts of specific schools.
2.1.4 Learning experiences
Learning experiences are the contexts of learning processes and learning contents,
and the social environment in which students learn how to learn. Students should be
entitled to the five essential learning experiences that correspond to the aims of “moral,
intellectual, physical, social and aesthetic” development in education:
1. moral and civic education to develop personal character and interpersonal skills,
the creativity to innovate, the spirit to live up to expectations and enjoy learning;
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2. intellectual development to lay a firm foundation of knowledge;
3. community service to develop commitment and responsibility;
4. physical and aesthetic development to lead to active and healthy living styles and
the appreciation of aesthetic qualities; and
5. career-related experiences to link studies with career aspirations and job
opportunities.
The five essential learning experiences listed above are to be developed
throughout all stages of schooling to facilitate whole-person development.
2.1.5 Life-wide learning

Life-wide learning generally refers to the learning experiences that take place
beyond the classroom. It requires teachers to make good use of resources and
facilities available at their schools and in the communities, in order to create suitable
learning environments (combinations of time, place and people) for particular
educational purposes. Such experiential learning in authentic environments enables
students to achieve certain learning goals that are difficult to attain through classroom
learning.
Schools should make flexible use of learning time to provide students with
essential learning experiences beyond the classroom. For example, some
co-curricular activities could be included in a more flexible timetable.
Students are entitled to the five essential learning experiences. Under the
overarching concept of life-wide learning, learning inside and outside classroom should
complement each other to achieve the aim of lifelong learning and whole-person
development. Schools have to ensure that the school curriculum provides students
with sufficient opportunities for life-wide learning.
In a school curriculum framework, life-wide learning plays the following

important roles:
1. to extend classroom learning experience in the eight Key Learning Areas, e.g. field
studies and science museum trips;
2. to enrich students’ learning experience beyond the Key Learning Areas, e.g.
community service and extra-curricular activities; and
3. to enable students to develop essential skills and attitudes for both classroom
learning and their daily lives, e.g. leadership training, thinking skills development,
adventure training and emotional management.
For life-wide learning, it is not quantity but quality that matters, i.e. teachers need
to ensure that the experience is aligned with the aims being pursued, and that students
reflect on what has occurred and learn from it. Cost-effectiveness should be
considered when organising activities. Expensive activities are not necessarily more
effective than those that cost less. It is also necessary for schools to develop a
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mechanism to promote life-wide learning in a more holistic and well-planned manner.
For more details, please browse the “Life-wide Learning” webpage.
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2.2 What is to be learnt in the school curriculum
2.2.1 Components of the school curriculum

The Curriculum Development Council develops a Curriculum Framework as the
basic structure for learning and teaching throughout all stages of schooling. The
Curriculum Framework allows for different interpretations of contents and flexible use
of different learning strategies and styles to suit individual needs.
The curriculum framework is made up of three interconnected components,

namely:
1. Knowledge in Key Learning Areas
2. Generic skills
3. Values and Attitudes
2.2.2 Key Learning Areas
The organisation of the school curriculum is structured around fundamental and
connected concepts of major knowledge domains. These provide the context for the
development and application of generic skills, values and attitudes. The existing
subjects are grouped under eight Key Learning Areas (KLAs), namely:
1. Chinese Language Education
2. English Language Education
3. Mathematics Education
4. Personal, Social and Humanities Education
5. Science Education General Studies for
6. Technology Education Primary Schools
7. Arts Education
8. Physical Education
Details about subjects under the eight KLAs are accessible at the “Curriculum
Development Institute” webpage.
2.2.3 Generic skills

Generic skills are fundamental to help students learn how to learn. They are to be
developed through learning and teaching in the context of different subjects or KLAs,
and are transferable to different learning situations. Nine types of generic skills are
identified as essential:
1. Collaboration skills
2. Communication skills
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3. Creativity
4. Critical Thinking skills
5. Information Technology skills
6. Mathematical skills (known as Numeracy skills at primary level)
7. Problem-solving skills
8. Self-management skills
9. Self-learning skills (known as Study skills at primary level)
For the primary and secondary levels, an integrative approach is recommended.

Meaningful contexts should be provided for the development of the nine generic skills
for better integrative understanding and application in a holistic manner. Please refer
to the “Basic Education Curriculum Guide – To Sustain, Deepen and Focus on
Learning to Learn (Primary 1 - Primary 6)” (2014) and Booklet 2 on “Learning Goals,
School Curriculum Framework and Planning” of the “Secondary Education Curriculum
Guide” (2017) for details.
2.2.4 Values and attitudes

1. Values are qualities that students should develop as principles for conduct and
decision, e.g. rights and responsibilities, commitment, honesty and national
identity, while attitudes are the personal dispositions needed to perform a task well,
e.g. open-mindedness and co-operativeness. Values and attitudes affect the
development of each other.
2. Values can be learned as key concepts, for instance, filial piety and honesty in
school subjects such as Chinese Language and General Studies, sustainability in
Science and Geography, hospitality in Tourism and Hospitality Studies, or they
can be applied to specific themes for relevant understanding and decision-making,
e.g. respect for law.
3. Suitable attitudes are to be cultivated whenever the learning activities help, e.g.
perseverance in Physical Education, integrity in project learning. Meanwhile,
teachers should also employ those attitudes as pedagogical principles to guide
student learning, e.g. giving students freedom to choose a topic of interest, being
open-minded and respecting evidence in the development of critical thinking.
4. As recommended in the curriculum reform, schools should consider developing

students’ seven priority values and attitudes, ie, perseverance, respect for others,
responsibility, national identity, commitment, integrity, and caring for others, and
selecting other values and attitudes in accordance with the school mission and
students’ needs, as the direction of Moral and Civic Education. In addition,
schools are also encouraged to strengthen the connection among learning activities
21
of values education in various cross-curricular domains, such as sex education,
family education, education for sustainable development, media education, Basic
Law education, life education, etc with a view to providing students with holistic
learning experience, and facilitating their whole-person development.
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2.3 Enhancing students’ learning
2.3.1 Principles of facilitating learning and teaching

The following principles are based on research evidence, literature from various
sources as well as the practical experience of schools:
 opportunities for learning and the learning environment
 improving the curriculum
 learning and teaching strategies
 assessment for learning
 home-school co-operation and parental support
1. Opportunities for learning and the learning environment
Opportunities to learn are to be found in a variety of environments: the school, the

classroom, the community, the home, the physical environment, the Internet and the
workplace. Efforts should be made to expose students to learning opportunities
geared towards achieving the aims of the school curriculum. The general principles
are:
a. physical qualities such as adequate space, ventilation, lighting and furnishing
should be catered for;
b. the environment should be safe and caring, with positive feedback and
encouragement and without threats, humiliation and embarrassment;
c. the environment should provide a variety of learning resources and stimulate
learning;
d. the environment should provide room for students to progress through both
collaborative and independent learning;
e. the learning environment may be outside the school to expose students to relevant,
authentic and meaningful experiences; and
f. the learning environment should value diversity in students’ dispositions as well as
learning outcomes.
2. Improving the curriculum

a. The answer to “what is worth learning” is an important aspect of deciding whether
students will learn how to learn. The contents of learning include knowledge,
skills, values and attitudes. They will change with time as the needs of students
and society change. Therefore the curriculum, as learning experiences, should be
continuously improved in order to keep abreast of changes.
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b. Each school should have a curriculum and learning plan that are carefully set.
The policy is to be reviewed and adjusted in response to evidence of students’
changing needs. The following principles can be used for schools to set their
curriculum and learning plans:
 The goals of the curriculum should be broad enough to achieve whole-person
development and to enable every student with diverse needs to learn to his/ her full
potential.
 The plan should be holistic and coherent to help students build up conceptual
structures, connect ideas, see things from different perspectives, and construct their
own knowledge, experiences and judgements.
 The school should consider the developmental characteristics of children and
arrange for suitable progression and continuity.
 There should be flexibility in the use of time, space, the environment and resources,
in order to accommodate the diverse learning/ teaching activities needed for
different purposes of learning, and the learning needs, styles and abilities of
students.
 The school should recognise the impact of interface in schooling on learning,
especially at kindergarten/ primary 1, and the need to help students to adapt to the
transition. Schools should refer to the “Basic Education Curriculum Guide – To
Sustain, Deepen and Focus on Learning to Learn (Primary 1 - Primary 6)” (2014)
and the “Secondary Education Curriculum Guide” (2017) for suggestions on how
the interfaces at KG/P1, P6/S1 and S3/S4 can be addressed.
3. Learning and teaching strategies supporting students of different abilities
Learning effectiveness does not depend solely on teaching methods, especially

when self-directed learning is much emphasized. However, teaching activities are
equally important, as learning and teaching are interactive processes. They involve
complex and dynamic relationships between the individual learner, the teacher, and the
learning context. The principles that are generally found to promote effective student
learning are:
a. Motivate students through a variety of ways, such as letting them know the goals/
expectations of learning, building on their successful experiences, meeting their
interests, considering their emotional reactions, and caring about their self-esteem.
These principles apply especially to students with weaker performance.
b. Draw on or help students to develop a wide range of generic skills, e.g.
communication skills, critical thinking skills and creativity, through the learning
activities they engage in across the curriculum. Help students to construct
knowledge and take risks.
c. Use diversified learning/ teaching approaches and strategies which allow every
student the opportunity to learn in ways suited to him/ her. Different types of
learning/ teaching strategies and activities have different purposes and strengths in
specific contexts. It is dangerous to suggest that any one activity, e.g.
24
student-centred group teaching, is in general better than another, e.g.
teacher-centred whole class teaching. Examples of learning/ teaching approaches
and strategies are available from the “Curriculum Development Institute”
webpage.
d. Vary the roles of teachers, parents and students according to the needs of learning/
teaching strategies. Teachers’ roles will range from a transmitter of established
truths and knowledge to multiple roles such as a resource person, a facilitator, a
consultant, a counsellor and an assessor.
e. Use a diversity of learning/ teaching resources, e.g. electronic, print and human,
rather than focusing only on textbooks. Capitalise on opportunities (e.g. current
affairs, school/ classroom contextual situations) to facilitate spontaneity and
change in response to different demands and situations. This widens the
exposure of students and helps them to learn in a changing environment.
f. Widen the space of learning through using authentic life-wide learning
opportunities outside the classroom, such as on the school premises, in the home
and in the community, and organise co-curricular activities to complement
classroom learning. Partner with community sectors in providing the five
essential learning experiences.
g. Provide students with quality homework that helps students to develop
independence of learning at home, as an extension of learning at school.
Homework should cover a variety of meaningful activities such as reading,
observation, lesson preparation and revision, rather than mechanical and repetitive
exercises.
h. Teachers should conceptualise and understand the needs of the students and the
rationale, underlying principles and relevant contexts of good practices, rather than
drawing directly on the successful experience of others.
4. Assessment for learning
Assessment practice is an integral part of the learning/ teaching cycle rather than a
separate exercise to be done at the end of teaching. Assessment can facilitate learning
to learn, depending on the function of assessment, what it assesses and how it is
designed. Assessment for learning is underpinned by the confidence that every
student can improve. In the venture of widening the opportunities for learning, the
general principles of assessment for learning are:
a. Formative assessment should be used to provide effective feedback (e.g. corrective,
diagnostic) that motivates and improves learning. For instance, feedback may
lead to students recognising their next steps and how to move forward. The
feedback may be formal or informal. Assessment practices that inhibit or narrow
learning opportunities should be reduced to a minimum. These practices include
counting the quantity rather than the quality of tests; spending time unproductively
on detailed recording for administrative purposes; awarding marks/ grades which
lower the self-esteem of some students; and demoralising some students through
negative comments.
25
b. Students should be assessed through a diversity of assessment modes which focus
on the purpose and process of learning, not just on academic outcomes. For
instance, observation may be used to assess participation in discussion, written
assessment for the expression of personal views, and project work for
interdisciplinary thinking. In basic education, it is not recommended to assess
students in the format of public examinations.
c. Share with students the goals of learning and let them know and recognise the
standards they are aiming for.
d. Teachers should adjust and improve teaching in the light of the results of
assessment.
e. Student self-assessment should be encouraged, to enable them to learn from
understanding their own learning. This is particularly crucial to encouraging
lifelong learning.
f. Students who fail to meet the minimum standard at a certain level should be given
appropriate support, e.g. more in-depth diagnosis of learning needs, together with
appropriate and differentiated instructional strategies.
g. Opportunities should be provided for both teachers and students to review and
reflect on assessment data together.
h. Changes in assessment have to be viewed in conjunction with teachers’
perceptions, school management factors, parental expectations and societal
expectations.
5. Home-school communication
Home-school communication is essential to enhancing the use of resources and

strengthening the concerted efforts of both the school and the family in improving
students’ learning. Schools are advised to:
a. Establish a partnership with parents in educating their children.
b. Help parents understand that standardised processes and materials of learning and
teaching alone cannot help children to achieve all-round development. Rather,
diversified styles, strategies, contexts and resources of learning and teaching can
maximise the different potential of different students.
c. Help parents understand the purposes of assessment. The rank order of their
children in class through aggregated scores does not necessarily reflect the actual
abilities of their children. Knowing the strengths and weaknesses of their
children is more essential for genuine improvement and progress.
d. Communicate with both parents and students, e.g. by means of a school newsletter,
open-door parent-teacher conferences, a parent bulletin board and assignment
notebooks.
e. Use different strategies to engage all families in the learning of their children.
Children do well in schools when parents have expectations of their studies,
26
encourage the productive use of their time and provide learning experiences as a
regular part of family life.
2.3.2 Meaningful homework

1. Meaningful homework has positive and beneficial effects in reinforcing and
facilitating classroom learning, stimulating thinking, encouraging active
independent learning, developing interests and fostering a closer relationship
between learning in school and at home. Moreover, it facilitates a closer liaison
between parents and the school.
2. Homework should not be set for its own sake, but should have expected learning
outcomes. In view of the wide variation in students’ learning needs, abilities and
home environment, there are no hard-and-fast rules about the frequency, amount
and type of homework that should be set at each class level. This is a matter in
which teachers are expected to exercise professional judgment in accordance with
the needs of their students. Homework that focuses on mechanical drilling,
repeated copying and rote learning should be avoided.
3. In devising a homework policy, schools should take into account the students’
physical and mental development and other important demands on their
after-school time. It is important that each school should have a written
homework policy and that the head of school can work with or appoint the
primary school curriculum leader/class teachers to monitor and review the
implementation of homework policy at different classes. The policy should be
worked out in consultation with the teaching staff and parents. It should be
reviewed constantly, so that a balance is maintained between the demands of
various subjects and the learning needs of the students. For more details of
guidelines on homework, please refer to EDBC018/2015 “Guidelines on
Homework and Tests in Schools – No Drilling, Effective Learning”, Chapter 8 on
“Meaningful Homework” of the “Basic Education Curriculum Guide – To Sustain,
Deepen and Focus on Learning to Learn (Primary 1 - Primary 6)” (2014) and
Booklet 4 on “Assessment Literacy and School Assessment Policy” of the
“Secondary Education Curriculum Guide” (2017).
4. The following are some examples of variety in homework:

a. Reading outside class
Teachers may advise students on how to choose suitable reading materials
according to the contents of teaching, which is very important in education. After
students have finished reading, teachers may ask them to share with other
classmates the content of the book or to give their views on how the content is
related to the aim of the lesson or daily life experiences. Students are therefore
trained to speak to the whole class, which in turn helps enhance their confidence
and ability in verbal expression and raises their interest in reading.
b. Collecting information
27
Teachers may ask students to collect pictures, information or models relating
to the contents of a lesson. Such training enhances students’ ability to collect
useful information and their interest in learning.
c. Project learning
Teachers can reinforce students’ learning by engaging them in project
learning set in line with the contents of teaching. Through such training, students
learn how to co-operate with others and understand the importance of division of
labour. Project learning also helps students develop their proactive attitude,
problem-solving ability and creativity.
d. Listening to audio clips, watching education documentaries or television
programmes
Teachers may ask students to listen to audio clips on various topics such as
stories, music and phonics. They may also introduce education documentaries
and television programmes to students so as to widen their knowledge in different
areas.
e. Snippets of information about activities
Students may be asked to make a record of the snippets of information about
outdoor activities or visits organised by schools. The exchange of findings and
views amongst students helps strengthen students’ powers of observation and their
expressive ability.
f. Feature talks and role-plays
Students may be asked to collect information and conduct feature talks or
role-plays which are relevant to the contents of teaching, current issues or
extensive reading. Students of higher grade levels may be engaged in topical
debates as well. All these activities help students consolidate their organisational
skills and expressive ability.
2.3.3 Flexible use of learning time

1. The learning time provided by the school includes all school days for lessons as
well as activities such as open days, school picnics, sports days and other learning
activities organised within and outside school after lessons and in the holidays.
To help schools use school days effectively for learning and teaching,
EDBC7/2005 “School Holiday List and Student Learning Time” suggests ways to
increase the number of active school days and maximise the learning time for
students.
2. Schools have to exercise flexibility in using lesson time by allocating time to

subjects/ Key Learning Areas based on a percentage of the curriculum time on a
yearly basis. A brief summary of the suggested lesson time allocation for
primary, secondary and senior secondary levels is at the Appendix. More details
are also provided in the “Basic Education Curriculum Guide – To Sustain, Deepen
and Focus on Learning to Learn (Primary 1 - Primary 6)” (2014) and the
28
“Secondary Education Curriculum Guide” (2017). Besides, EDBCM48/2013
“Recommendations for the Review of the New Senior Secondary (NSS)
Curriculum & Assessment” and EDBCM106/2015 “Implementation of the New
Academic Structure for Senior Secondary Education and Higher Education”
informed schools of the fine-tuned NSS curriculum and assessment which include
providing a flexible range of total lesson time to optimise the implementation of
the NSS curriculum and assessment.
3. In preparing the timetable, schools may adopt the following practices in

accordance with teachers’ readiness, students’ abilities and interests, and the
availability of the necessary facilities and resources:
a. vary the timetable for different terms of the school year according to practical
needs;
b. vary the length of lessons or learning sessions;
c. reserve sessions for reading and collaborative learning such as project work,
cross-subject and cross-Key Learning Area activities;
d. reserve sessions to address the needs of different students, such as through
remedial teaching, self-study and completion of assignments under supervision;
e. allocate more time to take care of the personal growth of students, especially at
junior primary level;
f. allocate more time for students to use school facilities such as computers and the
school library;
g. keep the school open to students after formal school hours for self-learning and for
students who need to use school facilities such as the school library in completing
assignments and other learning activities; and
h. adopt a flexible time-tabling arrangement to provide senior secondary students
with the opportunities to gain access to different elective subjects. Schools also
need to ensure effective use of their available teaching space. In planning the
senior secondary curriculum, students’ choices should always be accorded top
priority in time-tabling arrangements.
2.3.4 Selection of textbooks and learning/teaching materials

1. To enhance learning effectiveness, it is imperative that textbooks and learning
materials used by schools should meet the educational needs and abilities of the
students, without imposing an undue financial burden on parents.
2. The “Policy of Debundling Textbooks and Teaching / Learning Materials for

Pricing” (Debundling Policy) has been fully implemented since the 2014/15 school
year. This policy applies to all printed and e-textbooks including those not on the
Recommended Textbook List and the Recommended e-Textbook List. To tie in
with the principles of waste-reduction and cost-efficiency behind the Debundling
29
Policy so as to alleviate the pressure of increasing textbook prices, schools should
observe the following in selecting textbooks and learning materials:
a. Schools are not allowed to accept or solicit from textbook publishers
complimentary teaching and learning materials (except for free inspection copies
of textbooks and on conditions free teacher’s handbooks). For details, please
refer to “Specifications of Free Teacher’s Handbook” at Annex 2 of EDBCM
44/2018;
b. Schools are not allowed to accept any donations, or any form of benefits from
textbook publishers or textbook retailers such as equipment, teaching aids or
supplementary teaching resources on free loan (e.g. projectors, television sets,
tablet computers, computer software), free on-site services or teacher training
(except for essential after-sale technical support for e-textbooks), cash grants for
the purchase of equipment or teaching aids, sponsorship for school functions,
advertisements in school publications, floral baskets, scholarships, prizes, etc., so
as not to increase the cost of textbooks or allow the selection of textbooks to be in
any way influenced. In addition, teachers should not accept advantages or lavish
entertainment offered during the promotional activities of textbooks to avoid
public criticism and adverse impacts on the school reputation and teachers’
professional image;
c. Due consideration should be given to the selection and use of teaching and
learning materials accompanying textbooks. It is not necessary for schools to
select teaching / learning materials that accompany the textbooks. Schools may,
at their discretion, select teaching materials / learning materials (including
e-learning resources) developed by different publishers for reference and make
flexible use of these materials as appropriate in teaching, instead of solely relying
on the materials accompanying the textbooks;
d. Schools should set up an individual textbook selection committee for different
subjects to select textbooks for use by students, work out a set of predetermined
evaluation criteria each with a weighing factor according to their importance
before the textbook selection commences and properly record the
recommendations and the final decision made by the textbook selection committee.
The School Management Committee / Incorporated Management Committee
should play a monitoring role (For details, please refer to “Notes on Selection of
Textbooks and Learning and Teaching Resources for Use in Schools” at Annex 1
of EDBCM 44/2018);
e. Schools should put in place proper procedures to require members of textbook
selection committees to declare any conflict of interest that might influence, or
appear to influence, their judgement made in the performance of the duties of
textbook selection. Schools may make reference to the sample of “Declaration of
Conflict of Interest” at Annex 3 of EDBCM 44/2018;
f. Schools should encourage their teachers to refer to the criteria listed in the
“Guiding Principles for Quality Textbooks” (2016) in the selection of textbooks.
This set of reference materials can be downloaded from the “Textbook
Information” webpage (www.edb.gov.hk/textbook);
30
g. When selecting textbooks, the textbook selection committees of different subjects
should compare the prices of the textbooks / learning materials in addition to their
quality. When more than one set of textbooks / learning materials with
comparable quality is available, the set of textbooks with the lowest price should
be considered so as to maximise the value for money. The reason(s) for not
selecting the cheaper textbook or learning material must be properly recorded and
endorsed by the SMC / IMC. Due consideration should also be given to the
selection of the textbooks without pricing information. Should these textbooks
be selected for use in schools, the reasons for the selection must be properly
recorded and should be endorsed by the SMC / IMC;
h. Textbooks are not the only learning materials. Teachers should exercise their
professional judgement in the preparation and selection of learning and teaching
materials to meet the needs of their students. Teachers may use free resources
provided by the EDB such as learning and teaching resource kits of subjects,
resources at the “EDB One-stop Portal for Learning and Teaching Resources”
(www.hkedcity.net/edbosp), and everyday authentic materials as supplementary
teaching materials to enhance teaching effectiveness and reduce their reliance on
textbooks;
i. For those Senior Secondary subjects for which the EDB does not accept
submission of textbooks for review nor recommend schools to use textbooks, the
EDB will provide teachers and schools with resources (and their associated
webpages) produced either by the Curriculum Development Institute alone or
jointly with other organisations. For example, resources for Liberal Studies are
accessible via the “Web-based Resource Platform for Liberal Studies”
(http://ls.edb.hkedcity.net) for teachers’ use. Schools are reminded that some
textbook publishers may still publish reference books for these subjects and due
care should be taken in the selection of these materials as they have not been
reviewed by the EDB;
j. When selecting textbooks and learning materials, schools can make reference to
the Recommended Textbook List and the Recommended e-Textbook List issued
by the EDB, but they are not required to select textbooks or learning materials on
the lists;
k. Schools should, through communication with Parent-Teacher Associations and
other channels, provide adequate information to parents, collect as well as reflect
parents’ views and suggestions on the textbook lists to textbook publishers.
Schools should inform parents that the EDB will upload the latest information on
the supply of textbooks, packages of textbooks and learning materials, debundled
learning materials as well as the contact telephone numbers of the textbook
publishers concerned on the “Textbook Information” webpage
(www.edb.gov.hk/textbook ) from mid-July to September every year for the
reference of students and parents. The information will be updated every week
during the said period;
l. Schools should seriously consider the total price of textbooks on the “school
textbook list”. Careful consideration should also be given to the need of selecting
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supplementary exercises and / or assessment-related exercises. Under the
Debundling Policy, publishers should provide separate pricing for textbooks and
the debundled teaching / learning materials;
m. Schools should clearly state on the school textbook lists the applicable edition(s)
of textbooks, including “reprinted with minor amendments” version for the benefit
of students using second-hand printed textbooks;
n. The school textbook lists should provide the date of compilation and indicate that
the textbook prices quoted are for reference only. Parents and students should be
informed that they can purchase their textbooks from whichever bookstore they
wish; and
o. It is advisable that schools, when preparing their Senior Secondary textbook lists,
should include only the textbooks required for that particular school year / level.
Students should not be required to purchase textbooks for more than one school
year / level to minimise the financial burden on parents.
3. For details on the selection of textbooks and learning materials, please refer to:
 EDBCM 44/2018 “Selection of Quality Textbooks and Learning and Teaching

Resources for Use in Schools”
4. For the details on the “Debundling Policy”, please refer to:

 EDBCM 172/2015 “The Implementation of the Policy of Debundling Textbooks
and Teaching / Learning Materials for Pricing”
5. Copyright protection is a Government policy. Schools should observe the

copyright issue while developing their school-based learning materials. In order
to respect the rights of copyright material owners, teachers should try their best to
avoid photocopying or scanning of printed copyright materials if there are other
means or resources available to achieve the same teaching effectiveness. If
teachers do have genuine needs to make certain copies of printed copyright
materials to achieve the teaching objectives, they should keep the number of
copies to the minimum. For details of the guidelines on the use of copyright
works in the course of learning and teaching, please refer to EDB webpage at:
http://www.edb.gov.hk/en/sch-admin/admin/about-teaching/copyright/index.html
and the following circular memoranda:
 EDBCM No. 137/2010 “Note for Non-profit Making Educational Establishments
relating to the Use of Copyright Works in the Course of Teaching and Learning”
 EDBCM No. 164/2015 “New Licence Agreements on Scanning and Photocopying
of Copyright Materials”
 EDBCM No. 192/2017 “Licence Scheme for Photocopying and Facsimileing of
Hong Kong Newspapers and Magazines by The Hong Kong Copyright Licensing
Association Limited”
6. The School Textbook Assistance Scheme, administered by the Student Finance

Office (SFO) of the Working Family and Student Financial Assistance Agency,
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provides assistance to needy primary and secondary students in government, aided,
caput schools and local schools under the Direct Subsidy Scheme for covering the
costs of essential textbooks and miscellaneous school-related expenses. For
details about the School Textbook Assistance Scheme, please visit the SFO’s
webpage (www.wfsfaa.gov.hk/sfo/en/primarysecondary/tt/general/details.htm).
2.3.5 Weight of school bags

1. Over-weight school bags may bring additional stress and fatigue to students. The
Department of Health recommends that, as a precautionary measure, students
should avoid carrying school bags which exceed 10% of their body weight for long
periods of time. Schools are encouraged to implement measures which are
practicable and effective in their own circumstances to reduce the weight of school
bags. The following are some guidelines for schools to consider:
a. To give advice to students to foster the habit of packing school bags every day,
and to remind them that magazines, toys and other unnecessary items should not
be brought to school;
b. To obtain co-operation from parents, e.g. to select school bags and stationery items
which are made of light-weight materials and help their children develop a habit of
packing school bags according to the time-table and instructions of the teachers;
c. To review the time-table and minimise the number of subjects for each day so that
lessons requiring students to bring plenty of learning materials are evenly spread
over the week;
d. To take the price, weight and size into account in addition to their educational
value for teaching and learning when schools select textbooks; textbooks which
are separated into thin volumes or printed in separate modules should be given
preference;
e. To adopt different ways for the submission of homework and design a variety of
approaches and styles of assignments, such as using loose-leaf worksheets,
searching information from the Web, doing experiments, having oral presentations
etc; and
f. To provide storage facilities to avoid students from carrying unnecessary items to
and fro every day.
2. For more detailed guidelines and references on reducing the weight of school bags,
please refer to EDBC17/2015 “Guidelines on Reducing the Weight of School
Bags” and “Primary Education – Curriculum Resource Reference Materials”
webpage.
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2.4 Development strategies to support schools and teachers
Professional support to teachers and schools is essential in enhancing the quality of

teaching and learning. Since different needs require different strategies and no one
strategy is all-powerful, multiple interactive development strategies are planned to
support teachers and schools.
2.4.1 Curriculum support materials

EDB is developing a variety of curriculum support materials for schools’
reference:
 a curriculum guide for each KLA and revised/ new subject guides;
 a bank of exemplary teaching/ learning/ assessment materials for the curriculum,
to be generated by development and research projects and contributed by schools;
 textbooks to be made available by publishers; and
 other relevant publications such as research and development reports and
newsletters.
For further information regarding the “Resources and Support” and “Key Learning
Areas”, please browse the Curriculum Development Institute webpage.
2.4.2 Teacher development programmes

1. A variety of professional development programmes are provided to in-service
teachers and school heads based on the needs of curriculum change, the purpose of
different modes, the demand from schools, and other opportunities available in
Hong Kong. Teachers may choose to study those that are relevant to their needs.
Two broad categories of professional development programmes are provided:
a. courses to enhance the overall professional knowledge of teachers, e.g.
understanding and mastery of whole-school curriculum planning, implementation
and evaluation, enhancing assessment literacy, catering for learner diversity,
motivation, critical thinking skills, curriculum and assessment, gifted education,
moral, civic and national education, Chinese culture, media education, curriculum
management and leadership; and
b. KLA/ subject specific courses to meet the needs of the new curriculum framework,
and sustain the curriculum and assessment reform.
2. Information about most programmes is accessible at the “Curriculum Development
Institute” webpage and “Training Calendar System”.
3. A range of collaborative research and development projects on key curriculum

changes has been conducted in partnership with schools and consultants/
universities. Priority has been given to the following emphases:
a. curriculum planning, learning and teaching strategies in KLAs;
34
b. development of critical thinking and creativity through learning activities;
c. assessment for learning (to improve learning and teaching);
d. four key tasks (project learning, reading to learn, moral and civic education, and
information technology for interactive learning); and
e. school-based curriculum development
The above projects will serve the following purposes:
 to generate useful experiences for the reference of other schools, including
evidence-based learning/ teaching/ assessment materials;
 to enable schools and teachers to be reflective practitioners and curriculum leaders
to enhance the capacity of reform; and
 to serve as an impetus to school-based curriculum development.
4. The School-based Curriculum Development (Primary) Section and the
School-based Curriculum Development (Secondary) Section of the School-based
Support Services will provide on-site support to assist schools in strengthening
learning in the existing curricula, in promoting curriculum leadership, and in
developing a school-based curriculum along the lines of the new curriculum
framework.
5. Schools may also use the Capacity Enhancement Grant, the services of the
Regional Education Offices and other sources of flexible funding such as the
Quality Education Fund to meet different needs.
6. Schools and teachers will be networked to facilitate the sharing of experiences and
dissemination of good practices through the Curriculum Development Institute,
Regional Education Offices and other means.
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2.5 The roles of change agents in schools
It is generally recognised that school heads, primary school curriculum leaders,

senior teachers and panel heads, teachers and teacher-librarians are change agents for
helping students’ learning.
2.5.1 School heads

The suggested roles of school heads are to:
1. plan curriculum, instructional and assessment policies;
2. set targets and priorities for development;
3. build up a good learning environment;
4. nurture staff’s curriculum and instructional leadership;
5. set targets and phases for organisational change;
6. value quality rather than quantity in teaching and learning;
7. create curriculum space and time for teachers;
8. manage resources and enhance the transparency in the deployment of resources;
9. co-ordinate departments and support the autonomy of departments;
10. commend progress and improvements made;
11. communicate effectively with staff;
12. remove barriers;
13. share knowledge and experiences; and
14. communicate with parents.
Please also refer to EDBC004/2006 “Measures to Relieve Teachers’ Workload”.
2.5.2 Primary school curriculum leaders

The suggested roles of primary school curriculum leaders are to:
1. assist school heads to lead and coordinate whole school curriculum planning and
facilitate implementation of the plans;
2. support school heads in planning and coordinating school assessment policy and
assessment practices;
3. lead teachers/specialist staff in improving learning and teaching strategies and
assessment practices through collaborative lesson preparation and professional
development programmes;
4. promote a professional exchange culture within the school and to establish links
with other schools for sharing of experiences in learning, teaching and curriculum
development; and
5. take up a reasonable teaching load (which should be about 50% of the average
teaching load of a teacher of the school) for trying out or piloting different learning,
teaching and assessment strategies for further curriculum development.
36
2.5.3 Senior teachers and panel heads
The suggested roles of senior teachers and panel heads are to:
1. lead curriculum and instructional changes;
2. support the professional judgement of teachers;
3. keep abreast of the latest developments and changes;
4. liaise with other KLAs co-ordinators, across subject areas;
5. manage resources and flexible use of resources;
6. share issues, knowledge and experiences;
7. facilitate professional development; and
8. commend success and provide appropriate feedback.
2.5.4 Teachers
The suggested roles of teachers are to:
1. strengthen learning-to-learn skills in learning and teaching;
2. be resourceful;
3. keep abreast of the latest developments and changes;
4. foster a quality learning environment;
5. be ready to try out and work on strategies;
6. collaborate with community workers;
7. be reflective;
8. share issues, knowledge and experiences; and
9. formulate a personal professional development plan.
2.5.5 Teacher-librarians
The suggested roles of teacher-librarians are to:
1. plan and manage the daily operation of the school library;
2. coordinate library periods (not subject teaching) and manage reading materials and
curriculum-related resources to promote students’ reading to learn abilities;
3. support the implementation of all sorts of reading schemes and organising library
programmes to support the school curriculum;
4. develop students’ information literacy in using information appropriately and
effectively and ethically to construct and communicate knowledge;
5. collaborate with teachers of different Key Learning Areas (KLAs) and across
KLAs in the selection of appropriate resources based on student needs and
curriculum requirements to promote Reading Across the Curriculum, project
learning, life-wide learning, etc.; and
6. advise the school head and other teachers on matters concerning the development
of the school library.
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Appendix School days and suggested lesson time allocation for primary,
junior secondary and senior secondary levels
1. Primary (P1-P6)
Total number of school days
For whole-day schools, the total number of school days in a school year should not
be less than 190 days. For bisessional primary schools the total number of school
days should not be less than 209 days. The minimum number of school days is
calculated as follows:
365 days in a whole year –
90 days for school holidays –
3 additional discretionary holidays –
3 staff development days during which students do not need to attend school –
79 Saturdays and Sundays not included in the school holiday list = 190 days
For more details, please browse EDBC7/2005 “School Holiday List and Student
Learning Time” and “Guidelines on Drawing up the School Calendar”. Related
documents have been uploaded onto EDB webpage. (Website:
http://www.edb.gov.hk/en/curriculum-development/resource-support/guidelines-sch-ca
lendar/index.html).
Suggested lesson time allocation

Suggested Percentage of
Key Learning Areas Subjects
Lesson Time Allocation*
Chinese Language Education Chinese Language, 25% - 30%
Putonghua
English Language Education English Language 17% - 21%
Mathematics Education Mathematics 12% - 15%
Science Education General Studies for 12% - 15%
Technology Education Primary Schools
Personal, Social and
Humanities Education
Arts Education Visual Arts, Music 10% - 15%
Physical Education Physical Education 5% - 8%
38
Lesson Time for Flexible Use
Schools can use the time (approximately 19%) for activities that meet their
individual needs and contexts, e.g. activities/ learning programmes for remedial,
enrichment and enhancement purposes, cross-curricular activities, fieldwork,
promoting reading, etc.
More details about the calculation of school days and suggested lesson time
allocation are given in EDBC7/2005 “School Holiday List and Student Learning Time”
and Chapter 2 of the “Basic Education Curriculum Guide – To Sustain, Deepen and
Focus on Learning to Learn (Primary 1 - Primary 6)” (2014).
2. Junior Secondary (S1-S3)
Total number of school days
The total number of school days in a school year should not be less than 190 days.
Suggested lesson time allocation

Key Learning Areas Suggested Percentage Lesson Time Allocation
Chinese Language 17% - 21%
Education
English Language 17% - 21%
Education
Mathematics 12% - 15%
Education
Science Education 10% - 15%
Technology Education 8% - 15%
All secondary schools should allocate about 25 lesson hours
to the teaching of programming concepts including coding
within the Information & Communication Technology
knowledge context under the TE KLA at the JS level.
Personal, Social and 15% - 20%
Humanities Education All secondary schools should devote a quarter (25%) of the
total lesson time allocated to this KLA at the JS level, or
about two lessons per week, to the study of Chinese History.
Arts Education 8% - 10%
Physical Education 5% - 8%
Lesson Time for Flexible Use

Schools can use the time (approximately 8%) for activities that meet their
individual needs and contexts. These activities and programmes can be for remedial,
39
enrichment and enhancement purposes in the form of additional study within the Key
Learning Areas, or for school programs or activities such as activity weeks, visits to the
mainland, outward bound experiences, leadership training camps, etc.
More details about the calculation of school days and suggested lesson time
allocation are given in EDBC7/2005 “School Holiday List and Student Learning Time”
and Booklet 2 on “Learning Goals, School Curriculum Framework and Planning” of
the “Secondary Education Curriculum Guide” (2017).
3. Senior Secondary Level (S4-S6)
Whole-school curriculum planning
In planning the whole-school curriculum and developing strategies for achieving

the learning goals, schools are encouraged to make reference to the “New Academic
Structure Web Bulletin”, the “Curriculum Development Institute” and the Hong Kong
Examinations and Assessment Authority websites to obtain up-to-date information on:
 Curriculum and Assessment Guides;
 Learning & Teaching Resources; and
 Tools, Examples and Reference Materials for Planning Senior Secondary
Curriculum
In planning the whole-school curriculum, consideration should be given to all
related items including time allocation for the different components of the student
programme; the elective subjects offered in various levels and classes; flexible
grouping and block time-tabling arrangements; the deployment of teachers; and
teachers’ professional development and knowledge management; as well as other
resources. All these are intertwined.
Three components in the senior secondary curriculum
The senior curriculum is made up of three components, namely Core subjects,

Elective subjects and Other Learning Experiences (OLE) as depicted below. It
provides a student programme for whole-person development which aims to develop
the potential of each student.
Components of the Senior Secondary Student Programme % of Time
Allocation
Core Chinese Language, English Language, Mathematics and 45% - 55%
Subjects Liberal Studies as core subjects for ALL students
Elective 2 or 3 subjects chosen from 20 elective subjects, a range 20% - 30%
Subjects of Applied Learning Courses and other languages
OLE Moral & civic education, aesthetic development, 10% - 15%
physical development, community service, career-related
experiences
40
Time allocation
Lesson time is the time when students are in close contact with teachers for
purposeful learning, normally in the classroom, but not necessarily so. Flexible
timetabling should be explored to ensure students’ entitlement and make effective use
of strategies and resources to enhance student learning. To ensure learning
effectiveness, some activities (especially OLE) may not be timetabled and schools
should decide on how to arrange them effectively so that they are in line with their
schools’ mission and culture, and provide students with essential learning experiences,
including intellectual development, moral and civic education, aesthetic development,
physical development, community service and career-related experiences. In general,
the 10% – 15% of lesson time for OLE could be allocated in formal time-table or
outside to provide choices for students for whole-person development.
A flexible range of total lesson time at 2 200 – 2 600 hours over three years is
recommended for school-based planning purposes to cater for school diversity and
varying learning needs while maintaining international benchmarking standards. The
flexible lesson time recommended, based on the evidence collected, is for schools’
reference. To cater for students’ diverse interests, needs and abilities, schools should
provide a reasonable number of elective subjects (i.e. at least ten elective subjects
including Other Languages, Applied Learning courses and network programmes) and
OLE by exercising professional judgement and flexibility.
Schools should avoid spending too much time on unnecessary tests and
examinations. Emphasis should be put on assessment for learning. Please see
Booklet 4 on “Assessment Literacry and School Assessment Policy” of the “Secondary
Education Curriculum Guide” (2017).
The suggested time allocation for each senior secondary subject and other
components over three years, taking 2 500 lesson hours as the basis, is as follows:
Subject/Other components Suggested time allocation
Chinese Language 310 to 375 hours
English Language 310 to 375 hours
Mathematics
Compulsory Part 250 to 310 hours
Compulsory and Extended Part 375 hours
Liberal Studies 250 hours
Each elective subject 250 hours
41
Other Learning Experiences
Moral and Civic Education
Aesthetic Development 250 to 375 hours (10% – 15%)
Physical Development
Community Service
Career-related Experiences
Each Applied Learning course 180 hours over two years in S5

and S6
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Chapter 3 Student Matters
3.1 Introduction
The SMC should ensure that a safe, hygienic and healthy learning environment is
maintained, that the all-round development of the students is properly promoted, and
that adequate safety measures are taken in all school activities. Despite the
implementation of SBM, EDB will continue to take up the following responsibilities in
relation to schooling:
 laying down requirements and issuing guidelines on safety and health matters of
the students;
 upholding students’ right to education;
 administering school places allocation; and
 rendering professional services to students and teachers.
43
3.2 Admission, attendance and absence, dropout, transfer
3.2.1 Admission
1. Students are usually admitted to ordinary public sector schools through the school
places allocation system for P1 and S1 or through a central referral and placement
mechanism to special schools. Ordinary schools may admit students to take up
the discretionary places as specified by EDB in Primary 1 and Secondary 1 during
each of the allocation cycle and fill up vacancies at other levels. Schools should
ensure that their admission requirements are in compliance with the laws of Hong
Kong and legislation on equal opportunities (including among others the Disability
Discrimination Ordinance and Race Discrimination Ordinance). Schools should
also comply with the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance and/ or Prevention of
Bribery Ordinance where appropriate.
2. The Permanent Secretary for Education (PSEd) may direct an aided school to admit
a child who is referred by PSEd to fill an available vacant place. In the case of
ordinary schools, the school head may also use his / her discretion to fill up the
vacant school places other than those arranged by the allocation system. To
ensure that these vacancies in schools are filled in a fair, just and transparent
manner, schools are advised to consider drawing up admission policy for
endorsement by their respective school management committees and inform
potential applicant parents / students of their admission criteria. The admission
policy should cover the various aspects of the student admission procedures, for
example:
a. acknowledge receipt of applications;
b. formulate a set of criteria for short-listing students for interviews and inform the
short-listed students of the interview dates;
c. prepare a pool of topics / questions for random use to select students;
d. set up interview panels comprising at least 2 teachers to select applicants;
e. require all staff who are involved in the selection of applicants to declare interests.
Declarations should be documented and schools should also re-assign the
interview to another person if a member has declared a conflict;
f. devise a marking scheme to set out the various assessment criteria to be considered
during the interview;
g. document admission criteria, particulars of applicants (e.g. application forms and
school reports, etc.) and records of interviews (e.g. assessment records, selection
results and justifications for admitting an applicant, etc.); and
h. publicise the admission policy for the information of parents through various
channels, for example, on their school websites.
3. To avoid imposing undue pressure on students, when ordinary public sector
schools administer their own student admission mechanism to fill up the vacancies,
44
they must use their professional knowledge and judgement and adopt appropriate
selection methods. To fill up vacancies at Primary 1, schools should neither
conduct any written test and examination, nor test the student’s acquired
curriculum knowledge, language skills and arithmetical operations, etc. If
interviews are arranged, they should be conducted in the form of free and informal
conversations related to a student’s everyday experience in a relaxing and casual
atmosphere. The student’s mother tongue should be used during the interview.
4. Schools should not offer cash or material incentives to recruit or retain students so
as to maintain their enrolment. Such a practice is considered unacceptable and
unethical. Should the offering of pecuniary or material incentives be meant for
awarding students’ meritorious achievement or helping students with financial
difficulty, vetting criteria should be put in place and that parents should be clearly
informed of the purposes.
5. When admitting students to fill up the vacant school places, schools should
professionally assess their abilities and needs to determine their class level.
Changing their class levels within the same school year should be avoided.
6. Schools shall maintain a system of records of each student. Please refer to

Section 3.3.1 for details.
7. In handling non-Chinese speaking applicants, schools should treat them alike as

any other Chinese-speaking parents and students, notwithstanding the difference in
culture and customs. Translation into major ethnic minority (EM) languages, if
necessary, should be arranged and schools may make use of the interpretation
services provided by the CHEER Centre funded by the Home Affairs Department,
etc.
3.2.2 Attendance and absence

1. Schools have the fundamental role to uphold students’ right to education.
Schools should develop school attendance and related policies that promote
student’s regular attendance, positive student behaviour, harmonious
teacher-student relationship, a caring school atmosphere and close partnership
between the school and home.
2. The school hours shall be as approved by PSEd. Whole-day schools shall

normally include both morning and afternoon sessions. Schools shall keep their
respective Regional Education Offices informed of any changes in the hours of
school work or time-table arrangements.
3. Schools should keep all parents fully informed of the school hours, time-table
arrangements and days during which students do not need to attend school. There
should be clear procedures for notifying the parent if a student is required to stay
behind after normal school hours.
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4. The attendance and absence of students should be carefully recorded in attendance
registers. R90 of the Education Regulations stipulates that a separate attendance
register in a form approved by PSEd shall be kept for each class. Schools should
note the following:
a. As the attendance register is an important official document, its completion should
not normally be delegated to students.
b. The attendance for each class shall be recorded as soon as possible, preferably
within one hour of the commencement of each school session.
c. The school head shall keep a daily summary showing the attendance of each class.
5. Any student who has been absent must produce satisfactory evidence from the
parent or guardian stating the reason(s) for absence. Students who wish to be
absent for any reason of which they are aware in advance should obtain the prior
permission of their class teacher. Frequent absence for trivial reasons must not be
permitted.
6. Depending on the duration of the absence, medical certificates may be required in

the case of absence resulting from sickness. Any student who has been suffering
from an infectious disease or contagious disease must produce a medical certificate
of freedom from infection before returning to school. For more information on
infectious disease, please refer to Para. 3.5.4.
7. It is of utmost importance that school heads should report the case without delay to
EDB on the 7th day of the student’s continuous absence disregard of their age,
class level and reasons for absence.
8. In general, schools should take the duration and reasons of absence into
consideration to determine whether school places are reserved for the students who
are absent. As a matter of fact, public sector schools with vacant school places
have the obligation to admit students who are referred by EDB, therefore schools
should not reserve school places for the students who are persistently absent
without acceptable reasons.
9. In case of poor weather/ road/ slope/ traffic/ transport conditions, alternative

arrangements for tests or examinations should be made for students who cannot
come to school or who arrive late. Students who arrive late should also be
handled sensibly and flexibly.
3.2.3 Dropout
1. To uphold students’ right to education, schools should comply strictly with the
requirements of reporting students’ non-attendance and dropouts without delay to
EDB on the 7th day of the students’ continuous absence, regardless of their age,
class level and reasons for absence, as stipulated in Appendix II of EDBC001/2009
“Upholding Students’ Right to Education”.
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2. To ensure timely intervention, schools should report students’ non-attendance and
dropouts to EDB within the stipulated timeframe. The earlier the intervention,
the greater is the likelihood of a dropout resuming school. Or otherwise, the
longer the students are out of school, the more difficult it will be for them to
re-integrate into school, and the higher the risk of becoming a social burden in the
longer term.
3. A holistic early intervention approach should be in place. School heads should

involve class teacher, guidance and discipline personnel to devise and co-ordinate
various measures and strategies to handle suspected dropout cases. Whenever
there is truancy, unexplained absence or irregular attendance, schools should make
early intervention through concerted efforts of staff members. If necessary, the
School Social Worker should discuss the case with the Inspector of the
Non-attendance Cases Team whereas the Student Guidance Officer / Student
Guidance Teacher / Student Guidance Personnel consult the School Development
Officer (Guidance and Discipline) of EDB.
4. It is incumbent upon public-funded schools to accept school dropouts who are

ready for schooling again, as long as the school is found to be suitable and there
are vacancies. Schools have the obligation to re-admit their own dropouts unless
the students or their parents decline the offer. Schools admitting or re-admitting
dropouts should allow these students to attend class immediately rather than to
defer to the next school term or exclude the re-admitted students from attending
lessons. Experience reveals that remedial services for these student dropouts
would be more effective if such services were taken forward within the school
context.
3.2.4 Transfer
1. School heads should submit the relevant form regarding school transfer and cases
of emigration of the students concerned to the School Places Allocation Section
within 7 days of the student’s departure. Schools participating in the Web-based
School Administration Management System (WebSAMS) may forward their
reports through the Communication Delivery System (CDS). Other schools
should forward their reports through eForm available at the “School Portal”
allocated to them by EDB.
2. School heads are requested to report particulars of every re-admitted student

(including a student who has been reported absent but resumed school later on), or
newly admitted student transferred from another school, by using the relevant form
which should be completed and returned to the School Places Allocation Section
within 10 days after his/ her first day of attendance.
3. Schools should report students departed, newly admitted or re-admitted in

accordance with the procedures listed in the “Guidelines for the Student
Information Management System”.
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4. If ordinary schools are of the view that specific students may benefit from
attending special schools, the school social worker/ Student Guidance Officer/
Teacher/ Personnel may first discuss the cases with the school-based educational
psychologist or educational psychologist of the Bureau serving the school. If a
student is confirmed to be suitable for special school placement and with consent
from the parents, the student’s school has to submit his/ her application together
with latest assessment report/ relevant information to the Special Education
Support 2 Section for follow-up.
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3.3 Records, promotion, repetition and progression
3.3.1 Records
1. Establish a well-planned student record system
a. The school should keep proper records of its students which should be maintained
timely and retrieved easily.
b. These records, among other things, provide important information for other
schools, the tertiary institutes or intending employers about the performance,
conduct and achievement of its former or present students.
c. When handling the students’ personal data including data collection, use of data,
data security and data access, etc., schools should observe the provisions of the
Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance.
2. Set up rules governing access to student records
a. The school should be aware that the disclosure of the students’ personal data
should be in line with the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance.
b. Each school shall keep and maintain a log book documenting any refusals to
requests for data access or correction.
3. Student Information Management System
a. The EDB computerized record system will keep the information of full-time
students from P1 to S6 reported by the schools through WebSAMS or School
Portal. For each student, EDB will compile his/ her personal particulars on an
EDB Record List for the school’s verification. The EDB Record List of a
particular school will be sent to the school through the Communication and
Delivery System.
b. The EDB Record List is to be kept by the school. Schools should inform EDB,
by means of the prescribed forms, when there are changes on the particulars or the
status of their students, e.g. when a student leaves school or repeats in a new
school year.
c. Schools should refer to the uploaded “Guidelines for the Student Information
Management System” for details of the operation of the Student Information
Management System.
3.3.2 Promotion and repetition

1. Promotion
a. Students should normally be promoted at the end of each academic year and
retention of a student in a particular class to repeat a whole year’s work should be
the exception rather than the rule.
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b. Exceptions to the general rule of promotion from one class to another may
however be allowed at the discretion of school heads where it is clear that it is in
the best interests of a student that he/ she should be allowed to repeat an academic
year for educational reasons.
c. All P6 students shall be presented for the allocation of secondary school places
through the Secondary School Places Allocation (SSPA) System except as PSEd
may otherwise approve.
2. Repetition
a. Repetition is not a desirable course of action. It is more appropriate for schools
to adopt remedial measures to assist students with weak academic performance to
cater for individual needs.
b. It is especially important that repetition should not be associated with failure to
obtain a fixed mark in any test or examination and it should not be made automatic
in such cases.
c. Schools are discouraged from allowing students (no matter internal or transferred
students) to repeat for the following reasons:
 students may become overaged;
 they may take up school places which should be given to others;
 Without appropriate remedial measures and follow-up work, repetition may only
reduce the students’ interest in learning.
d. Whether a student is required to repeat or not should be decided by the principal in
accordance with the principles of education and the student’s individual situation.
Under normal circumstances, schools should not ask a lot of students to repeat at a
certain level.
e. PSEd may from time to time consult the school councils and prescribe a maximum
rate of repetition either of the whole school or at particular education levels.
Restrictions on repetition for ordinary primary and secondary school students are
as follows:
Primary schools
 The maximum number of repeaters should not exceed 3% of the total enrolment of
the school.
 Students should only be allowed to repeat once in the whole primary course.
 Students are not allowed to repeat in P6.
Secondary schools
 The maximum repetition rate of the whole school should not exceed 5% of the
total enrolment.
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3.3.3 Progression of students in special schools
1. According to the Code of Aid for Special Schools, schools for children with
hearing impairment, physical disability, intellectual disability, and visual
impairment cum intellectual disability are provided with a pre-set quota to allow
students with such a need and valid reasons to extend their years of study in these
schools.
2. In exercising school-based professional judgment to arrange students to extend

their years of study, the schools concerned are required to put in place a proper
mechanism in accordance with the requirements/guidelines as set out in
EDBC003/2010 on “Improvement Measures on Extension of Years of Study for
Students of Aided Special Schools”.
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3.4 Safety matters
3.4.1 Safety precautions and guidelines

1. Safety precautions
a. Schools should ensure that all school equipment and installations are properly
installed and maintained by qualified personnel. Students should not be allowed
to perform dangerous practical experiments. All reasonable precautions should
be taken to minimise risks and to guard against accidents. All hazardous
chemicals / poisons should be clearly labelled, kept in a locked cupboard, and
checked regularly by qualified personnel.
b. In order to ensure the safety of the students, students must be taught to be aware of
the possible risks in connection with the use of machine tools, electrical appliances,
lifts, sharp tools, inflammable and hazardous substances, etc. Clear guidelines
for both staff and students will certainly help prevent the occurrence of such
mishaps and ensure that proper actions are taken in case of such incidents or
accidents.
c. To guard against accidents to students during school hours, the school head should
assign adequate members of staff to be on duty and patrol the school premises
during recess and also during lunch time when students stay at school for lunch.
The school head should also arrange for members of staff to be on duty to ensure
that students leave the school premises safely at the end of the school session.
d. Schools should formulate a contingency plan in advance to deal with suspension of

classes due to inclement weather. Measures to be taken under such weather
conditions are set out in circular issued by EDB, the latest issue of which is
EDBC004/2016 “Tropical Cyclones and Heavy Persistent Rain Arrangements for
Kindergartens and Day Schools”.
e. For information about school safety, please visit the “School Safety & Insurance”
webpage.
2. Safety precautions during lessons and school activities

a. Science subjects
 For the latest information about science laboratory safety, such as guidelines on
safety precautions, the setting up of a “Standing Committee on Laboratory Safety”
and the drawing up of an Emergency Plan, please refer to the “Science Education -
Laboratory Safety and Management” webpage.
b. Technology Education Key Learning Area subjects
 “Safety in School Workshops” (2009)
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 “Teaching Technology and Living/Home Economics in Secondary Schools Safety
Booklet”(2010)
c. Visual Arts
 “Guidelines on Safety for Visual Arts in Primary Schools”
 “Guidelines on Safety for Visual Arts in Secondary Schools”
d. Physical Education and Co-curricular Physical Activities
 “Safety Guidelines on Physical Education Key Learning Area for Hong Kong
Schools”
e. Games day, swimming and athletics activities
 Relevant guidelines are included in Chapter 2, 3, 7, 11 & 12 of the “Safety
Guidelines on Physical Education Key Learning Area for Hong Kong Schools”.
f. Extra-curricular activities, outdoor activities and study tours
 “Guidelines on Extra-curricular Activities in Schools”
 “Guidelines on Outdoor Activities”
 “Guidelines on Study Tours Outside Hong Kong”
 EDBC002/2001C “Guidance Notes for the Arrangement of School Visits to
Historic Monuments and Archaeological Sites in Hong Kong”
3.4.2 Handling accidents and medical emergency
(Similar courses of action should be taken in case the injured is a staff member of the
school.)
If there is an accident, the school should take immediate action to ensure students’
safety. The school should observe the condition of the injured student closely and
provide first aid treatment to the student as far as practicable until a satisfactory
recovery is achieved or the student is taken care of by medical professional. If the
student is seriously injured or the condition of the student is deteriorating, or further
medical treatment is required, the school should activate its crisis management
mechanism to exercise professional judgement and decide on the appropriate course of
actions. Due priority should be given to the safety of students. If there is doubt on
the degree of the student’s injury, the case should be handled as a serious accident.
For details about crisis management, please refer to Section 8.4.
1. Handling minor accidents
For minor accidents resulting in injury that immediate treatment can be given in
school (such as incidents leading to sprain, abrasion, bruises, minor cuts, minor burns
and minor insect bite), the injured student should be given first aid treatment. Parents
and the insurance company should be informed forthwith of the accident, if necessary.
School should pay attention to the student to detect early if his/her condition changes.
The school should ensure that if the student is taken home, there is someone to take
over the responsibility of looking after him/her.
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2. Handling serious/life-threatening accidents
Any accidents (e.g. head injury, falling from stairs, accident in doing physical
exercise, gas leakage in laboratory, moderate burns, insect bite with generalized rash or
lip/tongue swelling, animal bite, etc.) leading to severe injury or requiring immediate
hospital treatment are serious accidents. Life-threatening accident may lead to death
and emergency treatment in hospital is required, for example, organ damage, severe
burns, inhalation of unknown gas leading to breathing difficulty, heavy bleeding,
vomiting/loss of consciousness/confusion/convulsion/coma after head injury, falling
from height and near drowning. School should activate the crisis management
mechanism and assess the situation promptly and exercise professional judgement for
appropriate actions, including dialing 999 immediately for emergency assistance or
calling for ambulance service. Staff are advised to monitor vital signs of the student
before the arrival of health care personnel including pulse, patency of airway, breathing
rate, consciousness and blood pressure if equipment available. The school head’s
duties are to:
a. ensure that there is a teacher to look after the student, including accompanying
him/her in an ambulance to hospital and report student’s condition and injury
mechanism to medical professional; ensure there is a member of staff for crowd
management and to look after other students;
b. inform forthwith the parents and inform the Senior School Development Officer of
the accident immediately and submit a written report giving all the details of the
accident;
c. if other students are likely to be affected psychologically by the accident, school
should solicit support from its Student Guidance Officer/Student Guidance
Teacher/Student Guidance Personnel or School Social Worker to provide them
with counselling services; and
d. inform the insurance company of the accident.
3. Medical emergency
If any student falls sick or suffers from the attack of illness (for example, asthma
attack, epilepsy attack or chest/heart discomfort) at school and is unable to continue
attending classes, the parent or guardian should be informed at once. The school
should make immediate arrangements to send the student concerned to a hospital for
treatment. School should consult parents and inform them of the measures adopted by
the school on sending students to Accident and Emergency (A&E) Department of
public hospitals for medical treatment so as to ensure that timely and proper A&E
services are available to students in case of accidents or emergencies. School should
also draw parents’ attention to the fees / charges for A&E services. Please refer to the
“Fees and Charges” on the Hospital Authority website for the charges for accident and
emergency services at public hospitals. For details of calling ambulance and simple
treatment for common emergencies, please refer to the guidelines issued by the Fire
Services Department.
4. First aid training
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Schools should encourage teachers (not limited to PE teachers, teachers of science
subjects or teachers responsible for ECA, etc.) to attend first aid training courses
regularly to ensure the proper care of students in distress, before the arrival of
ambulance services. For updated information on first aid training courses, please
browse the “Training Calendar”.
5. Record/Surveillance
The school head should keep a comprehensive record of all accidents and details
of treatment given, either in electronic or paper format. Details on the cause of injury
(i.e. unintentional, intentional self-harm, assault, fighting, etc.), mechanism of injury,
object producing injury, place of occurrence, activity when injured, alcohol and drug
use should be recorded.
3.4.3 First aid

1. There shall be provided in the premises of every school at least one first aid box.
2. At least 2 teachers in every school shall be trained in administering first aid.
3. First aid boxes must be fitted outside and adjacent to all science laboratories and
school workshops. All science teachers, teachers teaching in workshops and their
assistants must be familiar with the contents and their use.
4. First aid boxes shall be maintained fully equipped at all times. The recommended
first aid items in the First Aid Box are listed at Appendix 1.
5. The PSEd may require the provision of a suitable room for medical inspection and
first aid in the premises of any school which has more than 100 students.
3.4.4 School bus services
1. Schools may arrange for the provision of school bus service for their students.
The school bus services (including the school private light bus, school bus or
school hire car services) should be properly chosen and supervised by a committee.
To monitor the school bus service, an independent School Bus Service Committee
should be set up as soon as possible, or the work be taken up by the Monitoring
Committee on Trading Operations set up to handle various types of trading
operations.
2. After establishing the needs of parents for school bus service, the Committee
should:
a. draw up detailed routes and stops in consultation with parents, call for quotations/
tenders for the service and select the most suitable offer through proper
procurement procedures:
b. disseminate to parents information on the school bus service available (including
the fares for the various routes) together with the application procedures, stressing
that it is not compulsory for students to use the specified school bus service and
that claims and compensation for injuries in the event of a traffic accident should
be dealt with between parents and the service operator; and
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c. draw up guidelines for the school, students, parents/ guardians, the operator(s),
escorts and drivers with reference to the “Guidelines for Ensuring Safety of Pupils
on School Transport Vehicles”, and ensure that guidelines are adhered to.
3. Besides, as a licensing condition in the Passenger Service License, every school
bus (passenger seating capacity of 20 or more) and school private light bus
(passenger seating capacity of 19 or less) carrying primary and kindergarten
students should provide an escort while in operation. For details, please refer to
“Guidelines for Ensuring Safety of Pupils on School Transport Vehicles”.
3.4.5 Flag days

1. Schools are requested from time to time by charitable organizations to ask students
to assist in selling flags on approved flag days. EDB fully supports such
community service and encourages all schools to participate. PSEd has given
schools the permission since September 1999 to conduct fund-raising activities as
stipulated in Para. 6.2.2 of Chapter 6. School heads should be aware that student
participation in the events must be on an entirely free and voluntary basis and that
the prior consent of parents should be obtained.
2. School should inform participating pupils assisting charitable organizations in

selling flags outside school premises the following points:
 the necessity to wear school uniform and be accompanied by other flag sellers
nearby during the events.
 the choice of safe locations not too close to busy traffic;
 the steps to be taken to summon help should they run into difficulties;
 their responsibilities for safekeeping and return of the money raised;
 the importance of avoiding causing inconvenience to the public;
 the need for courtesy when approaching the public for donations;
 the avoidance of exerting pressure on any person to subscribe.
3. Schools should refer to EDBC004/2016 “Tropical Cyclones and Heavy Persistent
Rain Arrangements for Kindergartens and Day Schools”, EDB’s webpage on “Dos
& Don’ts for Arranging Physical Activities During the Health Risk Category at
High, Very High and Serious Levels (Applicable to Primary and Secondary
Schools)” and EDB’s Letter to Schools on “Air Quality Health Index”(18
December 2013). Schools should also remind those participating pupils to be
aware of the latest weather information on the day of selling flags outside school
premises and the appropriate actions they should follow when Tropical Cyclone
Warning Signal No.3 or above, or the AMBER/RED/BLACK rainstrorm warning
signal is issued by the Hong Kong Observatory, or when the “Air Quality Health
Index” reaches high, very high or serious level.
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4. Regarding the relevant conditions for organizing a flag day, please browse the
“Control of Charitable Fund-raising Activities-Flag Days” webpage of the Social
Welfare Department.
3.4.6 Insurance
1. On behalf of all aided schools, the Government arranges the Block Insurance
Policy which comprises Public Liability and Group Personal Accident coverage
for students. For details, please browse the “School Safety and Insurance”
webpage and refer to EDBCM138/2017 “Block Insurance Policy for Public
Liability, Employees’ Compensation and Group Personal Accident for 2017/18
and 2018/19 School Years”.
2. Public Liability Insurance covers legal liabilities arising from injuries of students.
Group Personal Accident Insurance provides nominal benefit to students who
suffer from accidental death or permanent disablement whilst participating in any
school activities. EDB will notify schools of the insurance contractor for each
contractual period and the insurance specifications under the Block Insurance
Policy.
3. Schools may, on behalf of parents, arrange separate additional cover for group
personal accidents of students with any insurance company, if necessary.
However, parents should be given full discretion in accepting the afore-said
arrangement, if any. Besides, the Group Personal Accident Insurance under the
BIP should not be considered as a comprehensive personal insurance coverage for
students. If parents wish to have a comprehensive personal insurance coverage
for their children, they may acquire it separately at their own costs from any
insurance company.
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3.5 Health matters
3.5.1 Healthy learning environment

1. To ensure students can receive an all round education, it is important to cultivate a
sense of physical and mental health awareness among them so that they have the
necessary knowledge, attitudes and skills for maintaining good health.
2. Schools should provide students with integrated and positive experiences and
structures that promote and protect their health, through strengthening those
factors which produce a healthy setting for growth, development and learning.
Hence, schools should work in collaboration with parents, students and relevant
parties to develop policies, practices and structures towards this goal.
3. Under the Smoking (Public Health) (Amendment) Ordinance 2006, schools have
been designated as no smoking areas. For details, please refer to EDBC002/2007
“Smoking Ban in Schools”.
3.5.2 Points to note

1. Schools should keep students’ health records properly
a. Schools should issue a circular letter annually to parents to solicit their

co-operation in reporting the medical history of their children. However, this
should be on a voluntary basis and parental choice should be respected. A
sample record form is at Appendix 2.
b. Schools should keep students’ health records for reference. Schools must ensure
that such information is for internal reference only and should not be divulged to
other parties without the consent of the parents concerned. Schools should
observe the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance in handling the concerned records.
2. Schools should follow doctors’ advice to arrange appropriate amount of

physical exertion for students with health problems
a. If students suffer from cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, epilepsy,

anaemia, diabetes mellitus, etc., schools should advise their parents/ guardians to
submit a medical certificate issued by an attending physician stating the
appropriate level of physical exertion suitable for their children. Schools should
make suitable arrangements for the above-mentioned students and follow doctors’
advice to arrange appropriate amount of physical exertion for them, especially
during PE lessons, extra-curricular activities, etc.
b. Schools should be watchful for the health conditions of their students, in particular
those with a known history of diseases. When conducting school activities,
teachers responsible should ask unwell students to take a rest, check their
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conditions and medical history, and inform their parents/ guardians when
necessary. In case of serious illnesses, schools should send the students to
hospital for treatment and contact their parents/ guardians at once.
c. If the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) reaches a level of “High” or “Very high”
(AQHI band 7 or 8-10) at the district where the activities are conducted, schools
should arrange for all students to reduce or reduce to the minimum outdoor
physical exertion, and the time of staying outdoors, especially in areas with heavy
traffic. If the AQHI reaches a level of “Serious” (AQHI band 10+) at the district
where the activities are conducted, schools should arrange for all students to avoid
physical exertion and staying outdoors, especially in areas with heavy traffic. For
details, schools should refer to the EDB website, EDB’s Letter to Schools on “Air
Quality Health Index” dated 18 December 2013, “Dos & Don’ts for Arranging
Physical Activities During the Health Risk Category at High, Very High and
Serious Levels” (Applicable to Primary and Secondary Schools), AQHI
Frequently Asked Questions and the AQHI’s website of the Environmental
Protection Department, http://www.aqhi.gov.hk/en.html.
3. Schools should take proper care of students with mental health problems
a. Students diagnosed with mental illnesses need treatment from the medical
professionals. Usually, these students will be followed up by psychiatrists,
clinical psychologists or medical social workers. Schools play a complementary
role in coping with the advice on treatment and rehabilitation given by the medical
professionals, and help the students overcome the difficulties they are facing,
which are transient in nature. With parental consent and having regard to the
students’ conditions and needs, schools should arrange the school social worker or
guidance personnel to provide them with necessary support. Upon parents’
request and with their written consent, schools could make appropriate assistance/
arrangement to facilitate the students in taking medication as prescribed by the
doctor. Schools could also seek professional advice and support from
educational psychologists to provide students with counselling, assist teachers and
parents to handle students’ emotions, social integration and learning problems, etc.
Should there be a need to arrange multi-disciplinary case conferences on the
students, educational psychologists and the school personnel should jointly discuss
with the medical professionals, such as psychiatrists, for appropriate support
strategies. The Early Assessment Service for Young People (E.A.S.Y.)
Programme under the Hospital Authority has established seven district E.A.S.Y.
centres in Hong Kong. These centres provide one-stop service including
assessment, seminar / workshop and ongoing treatment services. Schools could
contact the relevant district service centres to seek their expert advice and support
when needed. The contact number of seven E.A.S.Y Centres have been uploaded
onto the EDB website for schools’ reference.
b. For information on various mental illnesses, please refer to the “Mental Health
Education” website of the Hospital Authority, “Integrated Community Centre for
Mental Wellness” website of the Social Welfare Department and “Disability and
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Education Series” website of the Equal Opportunities Commission. For
rendering support to these students, schools can also refer to EDB’s guideline
entitled “How Schools can Help Students with Mental Health Problems”,
accessible from the EDB website.
3.5.3 Health services

1. School Dental Care Service
a. Parents of primary school students should be encouraged to enroll in the School
Dental Care Service through their schools. Parents should complete an
application form and return it to the schools with a nominal fee. With effect from
1 September 2018 (i.e. 2018/19 school year), the fees payable for School Dental
Care Service will be revised. The enrollment information will be posted on the
“School Dental Care Service” website of the Department of Health in August and
September each year. A link to this website will also be uploaded on the website
of EDB to facilitate schools in downloading the enrollment information and
collection forms.
b. School Dental Care Service provides basic dental treatment to students and
promotes good oral health care habits for the prevention of dental diseases.
c. Enrolled students will receive service at designated school dental clinics near their
schools. With the agreement from schools, students will be provided with return
bus trip from schools to clinics for the annual dental check-up.
d. Parents and children can make use of the School Dental Care Service Information
Hotline 2928 6132 or browse the “School Dental Care Service” website for
detailed information on relevant service. Enrolled students can register as School
Dental Care Service online users to enjoy the online services.
2. Student Health Service
a. Parents should also be encouraged to enroll their children in the Student Health
Service introduced by the Department of Health. It aims to safeguard both the
physical and psychosocial health of students through comprehensive, promotive
and preventive health programmes and enable them to gain the maximum benefits
from the education system and develop their potential.
b. The Department of Health would normally issue invitation letters and related
documents on Student Health Service to all primary and secondary day schools in
August each year. For the schools not participating in the Service, they should
provide relevant information on the Service to the parents and inform the
Department of Health of the total number of students so that the Department could
provide sufficient application forms to the schools for distribution to the parents
for information.
c. Enrolled students will be given an annual appointment to attend a Student Health
Service Centre for a series of health services. The services include physical
examination; screening for health problems related to growth, nutrition, blood
pressure, vision, hearing, spine, psychological health and behaviour; individual
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health counseling and health education. Please refer to the “Student Health
Service” website of the Department of Health for the details of the services.
Students found to have health problems will be referred to the special assessment
centres of the Student Health Service, specialist clinics of the Hospital Authority
or other institutions for detailed assessment, follow-up or treatment. The
Department of Health might also refer student cases to schools for follow-up
through a referral form when necessary. Schools should complete and return the
reply slip of the referral form to the Department of Health to confirm that the case
is being followed up by them.
d. The staff of the Adolescent Health Programme reach out to schools to provide
school based services to promote psychosocial health of adolescents through
interactive activities and workshops.
3. School Immunisation Service
The School Immunisation Teams (SIT) under the Centre for Health Protection
(CHP) of the Department of Health implement two immunisation campaigns for
primary one and six students, i.e. Diphtheria, Tetanus, Acellular Pertussis and
Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine in the first school term, and Measles, Mumps,
Rubella and Varicella vaccine1 and Hepatitis B vaccine in the second school term.
Details of the immunisation campaign are available at the Health Education 24
hours Hotline 2833 0111. SIT also deliver health education concerning school
immunisation on a need or invitation basis. For any enquiries, schools may
contact the School Immunisation Teams at 2615 8585 / 2615 8563 or 2615 8580
during service hours (Monday to Friday 9am-1pm, 2pm-5:30pm; Closed on
Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays).
3.5.4 Handling incidents of infectious diseases
1. The CHP assists schools to prevent and control infectious disease outbreaks. For
information on or notification of particular communicable diseases, schools may
contact the Central Notification Office of the CHP (Tel: 2477 2772; Fax: 2477
2770).
2. Schools should refer to “Guidelines on Prevention of Communicable Diseases in

Schools/Kindergartens/Kindergartens-cum-Child Care Centres/Child Care
Centres” issued and distributed to schools by the CHP. The Guidelines and
health information on common childhood communicable diseases can also be
downloaded from the “CHP” website. The following practices will help handle
such incidents effectively:
a. Designate a staff to take up the responsibility of coordinating and monitoring the
implementation of preventive measures for communicable diseases.
b. Keep an up-to-date sick leave record of students and staff.
1
Varicella vaccine has been incorporated into the Hong Kong Childhood Immunisation Programme and is applicable to
children born on or after 1 January 2013. School Immunisation Teams would arrange MMRV vaccine for these children.
Children who were born before this date would continue to receive Measles, Mumps and Rubella vaccine.
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c. Obtain prior consent from parents/ guardians at the beginning of a school year for
the release of their personal data, such as names and telephone numbers, to the
CHP for investigation of infectious disease outbreaks in schools.
d. Inform CHP when there are signs of outbreak of infectious diseases or abnormal
upsurge in the number of absentees with similar symptoms in the school.
3. When a student is obviously not well, the parents should be contacted in the first
instance, if possible, and the student sent home with a note suggesting medical
attention. If the student is seriously ill, he/ she should be sent to the nearby
Accident and Emergency Department if the parents/ guardians cannot be
contacted.
4. Schools should remind parents to keep sick children at home and not to bring them
to school until symptoms have improved and fever has subsided for at least 2 days.
Schools should also require parents to notify the school immediately should their
children develop symptoms of infectious diseases or be admitted to hospital.
5. Teachers or other staff with symptoms suggestive of tuberculosis should seek

medical consultation promptly. If a student has such symptoms, the parents
should be contacted and advised to seek medical consultation for the student.
For telephone numbers of the Chest Clinics, please browse the “Tuberculosis and
Chest Service” website of the Department of Health.
6. Since infectious diseases can be controlled with appropriate treatment, students

suffering from such diseases can resume schooling on the advice of their attending
doctor.
7. The recommended sick leave duration for common childhood infections is

tabulated below:
Communicable
Recommended Sick Leave Period#
Disease
Bacillary Until diarrhoea ceases and at least 2 consecutive stool
dysentery* samples collected no less than 24 hours apart are tested
negative for such bacteria (the first stool sample has to be
collected 48 hours after the completion of the antibiotic
course)
Chickenpox* About 1 week or until all vesicles have dried up
Cholera* Until non-infection is confirmed (test is to be done on three
stool samples collected at least 1 day apart following 48
hours after the completion of the antibiotic course)
Acute Until no abnormal secretion from the eyes
conjunctivitis
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Diphtheria* Until non-infection is confirmed by negative result on
sample culture test (test is to be done on two
nasopharyngeal swabs collected at least 24 hours apart
following 24 hours after the completion of the antibiotic
course)
Hand, foot and Until all vesicles dry up or as advised by the doctor.
mouth disease If enterovirus 71 is confirmed to be the pathogen, take 2
more weeks of sick leave after all vesicles have dried up
Measles * 4 days after the day of appearance of rash
Mumps * 5 days after the day of appearance of gland swelling
Rubella* 7 days after the day of appearance of rash
Scarlet fever* Until fever down and 24 hours after starting of appropriate
antibiotic
Tuberculosis * As advised by the doctor
Typhoid fever* Until at least 3 consecutive stool samples collected no less
than 24 hours apart are tested negative for such bacteria (the
first stool sample has to be collected 48 hours after the
completion of the antibiotic course)
Viral Until 48 hours after the last episode of diarrhoea or
gastroenteritis vomiting
Hepatitis A* Until at least 1 week after the appearance of jaundice or as
advised by the doctor
Whooping cough * 5 days from starting the antibiotic course or as advised by
the doctor
# The recommendation made above is based on the general infection period
only. Other factors, such as the clinical conditions of the sick child, have to
be considered as well. The attending doctor should exercise his/ her
professional judgement when making the final decision on the length of sick
leave.
* Notification of these communicable diseases to the CHP is required by law.
The above list is not exhaustive. Information concerning other infectious

diseases may be obtained from the Centre for Health Protection medical officers of
schools as defined in S79 of the Education Ordinance. For more updated
information, please browse the “Infection Control Corner” of the CHP website.
8. For the latest information, please browse:

a. “Virtual AIDS Office” website of the Department of Health
b. “Prevention of Communicable Diseases in Schools” webpage
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3.5.5 Healthy meal
1. Meal Arrangements
a. Schools should make their meal arrangements for pupils according to their
individual situations. Normally, schools should arrange a lunch break of about 1
hour per school day. Schools should set up co-ordination groups to work out the
healthy and environmentally friendly meal policy and practices for school, to
supervise, co-ordinate and improve meal arrangements for their pupils. The
group should be chaired by a senior member of the teaching staff and comprise
teachers’ and parents’ representatives. Alternatively, schools may set up one
committee overseeing tuck-shops, meal arrangements and other trading activities.
b. To make the meal arrangements in schools more effective, schools should refer to
the following guidelines to define food requirements and ways of waste reduction
as the core component in the contracts signed with lunch suppliers:
 EDBC017/2009 “Meal Arrangements in School”
 EDBC003/2016 “Arrangements for Green Lunch and Reduction of Food Waste in
School”
 EDB “Guidelines on Meal Arrangements in School”
 Department of Health “Nutritional Guidelines on Lunch for Students”
 Department of Health “Handbook of Selection of Lunch Suppliers”
 Environmental Protection Department “Guideline on How to Promote Green
Lunch in Schools”
c. The responsible team or committee is expected to perform the following duties:
 request the food suppliers to provide documents to prove that they possess valid
food factory licences from the Food and Environmental Hygiene Department with
endorsement for the manufacture/ preparation of lunch boxes;
 assist to establish appropriate procedures to select the lunch supplier most capable
of providing nutritious and environmentally friendly meals for pupils. Reference
can be made to “Database of Lunch Suppliers” and “Salt Reduction Scheme for
School Lunches – Database of participating lunch suppliers” of the Department of
Health.);
 take notice of the nutrition value of the food, the method of packing, transportation
and treatment of the used containers used by the food suppliers;
 encourage the lunch suppliers to use reusable containers and cutlery such as those
made of stainless steel and plastic for the meal boxes;
 discuss with lunch suppliers and parents on the provision of fruits in schools
(Students are recommended to have at least one serving of fruits during lunch);
 encourage parents to co-operate by providing healthy meal boxes/ snacks for their
children and to cultivate in them healthy and environmentally friendly eating
habits;
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 discourage students from patronizing illegal hawkers and purchasing unhealthy
lunch/snacks;
 assist teachers to enhance pupils’ knowledge about healthy and environmentally
friendly eating and to inform parents of the healthy and environmentally friendly
policy on meal arrangement adopted by the school; and
 request tuck-shop operators to sell and promote healthy snacks. School should
refer to “Nutritional Guidelines on Snacks for Students” issued by the Department
of Health.
d. Schools should strive to provide a positive and enabling environment so that
students are encouraged and supported to practise healthy eating and active living.
Where schools may exercise control, students’ access to unhealthy foods (meals
and snacks) should be limited and reduced as far as possible, coupled with
stakeholder communication and education. Specific examples that merit
attention may include:
 Not accepting commercial sponsorships that promote unhealthy food products or
brands;
 Not allowing tuck shop vendors to offer unhealthy snacks to students;
 Avoidance of using food items as gifts and rewards to children.
2. “[email protected]” Campaign
a. The Department of Health, together with the Education Bureau, organise the
“[email protected]” Campaign (consisting of three major components, namely
“EatSmart School Accreditation Scheme”, “Joyful Fruit Month”, and “Salt
Reduction Scheme for School Lunches”) to promote healthy eating among primary
school students. Professional advice is offered for the formulation of healthy
eating policies and planning, organization and implementation of health enhancing
interventions and activities. Specific guidance on selection of school lunch
suppliers, surveillance of nutritional quality of school meals and choice of healthy
snacks is also provided.
b. For detailed information, please refer to EDBC017/2009 “Meal Arrangements in
School” and “[email protected] Campaign” webpage of the Department of
Health.
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3.6 Discipline
3.6.1 General principles

1. The school should be a place where care, concern, support and mutual respect are
practised. Such principles should be strictly observed in handling students with
discipline problems. All teachers should understand that discipline is the concern
of every teacher and not just of discipline teachers. Hence, a Whole School
Approach to discipline, involving teachers, students and their parents, should be
adopted.
2. Every school should have its own discipline policy and procedures, and a
discipline team headed by the discipline master/ mistress to oversee the planning,
organization, development and monitoring of matters relating to student discipline
at school. School should formulate policy and measures to prevent students’
behavioural problems, such as bullying, discrimination and sexual harassment, etc.,
in order to cultivate a safe and orderly learning environment for the students. The
school should refer to “Guidelines on Student Discipline” (1999).
3. The guidance and discipline teams are the two most important pastoral service
teams in the school. The two teams should join hands in helping students with
discipline problems. Some schools may prefer a discipline-cum-guidance team to
foster better coordination and cooperation between the two units. Schools should
encourage the teachers to attend the professional training related to the guidance
and discipline work, e.g. the courses organized by the tertiary institutes as well as
the thematic seminars and workshops organized by EDB.
4. Wherever possible, good discipline should be achieved through democratic rather

than autocratic means.
3.6.2 School rules

1. School rules are a system of rules for conduct. The system should aim at
developing self-discipline in students and creating a harmonious environment
where effective learning and teaching can take place.
2. The basic belief of an “Educative Approach to Discipline” is that most students
misbehave not out of willful decision to misbehave. They need guidance from
teachers to steer them towards the appropriate response in class and during social
interactions.
3. A set of school rules should be drawn up with input from teachers, parents and
students. Besides, discussion and promotion activities can be organized to enable
students to apprehend the meaning of the school rules as well as to reach a
common understanding and consensus towards school rules. Students and
parents should be provided with a school document setting out the specific rules of
the school prior to admission and at the beginning of each school year. Schools
should also review the school rules periodically.
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4. The school rules should cover basic behaviour of students around the school.
5. Schools should make reference to the Guide on “Racial Equality and School
Uniform” issued by the Equal Opportunities Commission when drawing up school
rules relating to school uniform.
6. School rules should be :
a. simple, clear, reasonable and kept to a minimum;
b. meant to teach, guide and protect students; and
c. enforced fairly and consistently.
3.6.3 Reinforcing positive behaviour

1. Good discipline is not just a matter of rules and punishment. Schools should
make good use of praise and rewards to promote students’ good behaviour.
2. A system of commendations or merit marks can be very effective in motivating

students to strive for positive achievements and improvements.
3. Students with successful experiences will strive towards greater achievement.

Schools may set up their own awards schemes to give students encouragement for
improvement. Students who work hard and attain improvement in academic
attainment, extra-curricular activities, conduct, service or overall performance can
be nominated for awards to recognize their efforts and encourage them to strive for
even better results.
3.6.4 Handling misbehaviour

1. General principles
a. The purpose of all disciplinary measures is to bring about positive changes in
students’ behaviour and to teach them self-discipline.
b. School Personnel (including school staff and those employed through hiring of
services from other organizations) should understand the causes of students’
misbehavior and are encouraged to adopt more positive means to help students
improve inappropriate behaviour.
c. Clear guidelines on disciplinary procedures should be drawn up and discussed
among staff so as to maintain fairness and consistency during implementation.
d. There is also a need to let parents know about the disciplinary system and
measures within the school prior to admission and / or at the beginning of each
school year.
e. Whenever necessary, schools may approach the respective Regional Education
Offices for consultation and professional support regarding students with persistent
lack of academic progress or behaviour problems.
2. Points to note when administering disciplinary measures
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a. Punishment should be exercised promptly to avoid unnecessary anxiety on the part
of the students.
b. Punishment should be meaningful and educational.
c. Punishment should be in proportion to the severity of the offence committed.
d. Under all circumstances, school personnel should observe and administer school
discipline in a manner consistent with students’ human dignity, rights to education,
individual differences and health conditions, including the physical, psychological
and mental health conditions and in conformity with the present laws. In
accordance with regulation 58 of the Education Regulations, no teacher shall
administer corporal punishment to a pupil.
e. Effort should be made to ensure that the student and his/ her parents understand
what wrong he / she has committed and its related moral values.
f. A monitoring system should be set up to ensure that punishment is not overused by
school personnel.
g. Teachers should directly inform parents of the misconduct of students and/ or
disciplinary measures to be taken.
h. Students should be supervised during detention and work should be assigned to
them.
i. In the case of students studying in primary schools and special schools, school
needs to make arrangements for parents to bring the students back home after
detention.
3. Searching students and their belongings at school
a. General principles
During school hours, the authority of a school teacher is the same as that of a
parent. When a parent sends his child to a school, he delegates to the school
principal and other teachers his own authority, so far as is reasonable and
necessary for the child’s welfare and maintenance of discipline with regard to the
child’s interests and those of the school as a whole. However, the “General
Principles for Searching Students and Their Belongings at School” should be
noted.
b. Search of a student’s belongings
To search a student’s belongings is an interference with his privacy and can

only be justified if such interference is lawful and not arbitrary. If in doubt,
school should consult the respective Police School Liaison Officers or the school’s
legal advisor. In the event that a search is inevitable and judged to be lawful and
not arbitrary, the “Principles and Procedures for Searching a Student’s
Belongings” should be observed.
c. Search of a student’s body
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To conduct search of a student’s body is a very serious interference with his
privacy; therefore, it is not recommendable, and the school also bears the burden
of justifying the search. Under no circumstances, even if parental consent has
been obtained, should a student be subject to strip search or be required to take off
his/ her clothes. Under no circumstances, even if parental consent has been
obtained, should a search of a student’s body be conducted if the student objects to
the arrangement. In the rare case where a school considers it lawful, necessary
and appropriate to conduct a body search, the “Principles and Procedures for
Searching a Student’s Body” should be noted.
4. Suspension from class
a. When a student continually exhibits behavioural and emotional problems after the
teachers have exhausted all other means of classroom management, the teachers
might consider temporary time-out of the student or suspending the student from
class. Suspension from class is a strategy for managing students’ behavioural or
emotional problems. By temporary removing a student from the original learning
environment or activities, the student can be calmed down and has self-reflection
on his/ her inappropriate behaviour or emotional expression.
b. In administering class suspension, schools should consider the student’s dignity,

rights to education, individual differences and health conditions, including the
physical, psychological and mental health conditions. Class suspension should
be kept to the shortest duration. When the student concerned regains his / her
self-control, he / she should be arranged to return to the normal classroom learning
activities. When class suspension is completed, school should provide relevant
academic support and follow-up counseling service to the student concerned.
c. Schools should collect views from teachers, parents and students to reach a
consensus and common understanding of class suspension. The purpose and
criterion of class suspension should be made known to them.
d. When a student is removed from the classroom during the suspension from class,
he / she should be arranged to stay in a safe environment with supervision from a
school personnel. During the suspension from class, suitable reflection activities
or class-work should be assigned to the student to minimize the negative impact of
suspension.
e. If a school finds that suspension from class is not able to decrease the disruptive
behaviour of a student or arouse even stronger behavioural or emotional response
from him / her, the school should cease the suspension from class. Given
parents’ consent, the student should be referred to receive further counseling
service.
f. For review purpose, each school should document the records of students being
suspended from class including the reasons, time, duration and evaluation of the
effectiveness.
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5. Suspension of students
a. Suspension from school is not an appropriate way to treat a student who has
misbehaved. Under most circumstances, the student in question should be
allowed to continue normal schooling, pending the outcome of any investigation
by the school into the cause of his/ her misbehaviour.
b. A student may be suspended from class for a short period of time if he / she
exhibits serious misbehaviour and shows no improvement after repeated warnings
and notifications to the parents or guardians. Students on suspension from class
should receive proper supervision and counseling from the school.
c. PSEd shall be informed of all cases of suspension from school for more than 3
school days.
d. All schools shall keep a record of all suspension and expulsion cases with
supporting reasons for each case and the approval of PSEd, if applicable.
e. In most cases, the main reason for misbehaving is learning or adjustment
difficulties in schools. As a preventive measure, the school should adopt the
Whole School Approach to guidance and discipline, whereby all teachers in a
school participate actively in the creation of a positive learning environment and
helping students resolve their problems. All teachers should have a part in
developing a healthy and positive school ethos.
6. Expulsion of students
a. EDB disapproves of the practices of some schools which advise students to leave
school voluntarily and is of the view that such practices are educationally
undesirable. They defeat the purposes of providing schools with various
resources to promote education for all abilities and to provide free and universal
basic educational opportunities for all children, including children with diverse
needs, up to junior secondary level.
b. Students admitted into the primary course (P1-P6), junior secondary course (S1-S3)
and the senior secondary course (S4-S6) should normally be allowed to complete
that course. No primary student or junior secondary student aged under 15 years
should be expelled without proper warning and notice to parents and without the
approval of PSEd. No senior secondary student should be expelled without
proper warning and notice to parents and PSEd should be kept informed of all such
cases at the warning stage.
c. If the school head is contemplating the expulsion of a student, every effort must be
made to interview the parents. A warning letter shall be sent to the parents or
guardians and at the same time a full report shall be submitted to PSEd for his/ her
consideration.
d. Students must not be expelled solely on the ground that they are academically
weak.
e. No student should be considered for expulsion except on grounds of:
 a repeated breach of school discipline after reasonable measures to enlist the
co-operation of parents have proved unsuccessful ; or
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 non-payment of fees printed on the fees certificate.
【Note: SMCs and school heads are expected to investigate the circumstances and,
if they are convinced that the non-payment is genuinely deliberate, to
inform PSEd accordingly before expelling the student. This applies to
all students, whether they are subject to universal basic education or not.】
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3.7 Serious Student Behavioural Problems
3.7.1 Student suicide cases

Understanding Suicidal Behaviours
1. Categories of suicidal behaviours:

a. Suicidal ideation: Any self-reported thoughts or fantasies about engaging in
suicide-related behaviours.
b. Suicide threat: Any action, verbal or non-verbal, expressing a self-destructive
desire to others, but does not result to a real self-harmful act.
c. Suicide attempt: A non-fatal outcome for which there is evidence (either explicit
or implicit) that the person believes at some level that the act would cause death.
Attempted suicides include acts by persons whose determination to die is thwarted
because they are discovered and resuscitated effectively, or the chosen method is
not lethal.
d. Suicide death: Someone takes his or her own life with conscious intent by lethal
means, for example, jumping from height, hanging, poisoning.
2. Schools can refer to “A Resource Handbook for Schools: Detecting, Supporting
and Making Referral for Students with Suicidal Behaviours” for information on
early detection of students with suicidal risk (including identification of protective
factors, risk factors and warning signs of suicidal behaviours). The handbook is
accessible from the EDB website for school personnel’s reference.
Handling Cases with Suicidal Risk
3. If students are suspected to have suicidal risk, schools should arrange school
guidance personnel (for example, Student Guidance Teacher/Student Guidance
Personnel or School Social Worker) promptly for support. If necessary, schools
should solicit professional support from educational/clinical psychologists,
psychiatrists, medical and/or police officers to ensure that appropriate intervention
measures will be taken.
4. The Dos and Don’ts in handling suicidal behaviours are:
Dos
a. do take seriously every suicide threat, comment or act;
b. do be willing to listen and understand, showing care;
c. do ensure the student’s safety, take away objects that may cause injury;
d. do contact parents/ guardians and request their prompt presence at school;
e. do stay with the student until the crisis is over;
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f. do ensure that adults/relatives to whom the youngster feels close to are around
to share his/ her feelings and facilitate possible alternatives;
g. do refer the student to specialized helping professionals with parental consent,
e.g. school social workers, educational psychologists and medical officers as
deemed appropriate; and
h. do keep close contact with the parent, conduct continuous assessment and
follow-up on the mental health condition of the student.
Don’ts
a. don’t underestimate any suicide threat and the seriousness of its consequence;
b. don’t critize or challenge, e.g. by saying “go ahead and do it”;
c. don’t argue with the student about whether he should live or die;
d. don’t assume that given time students can cope with stress and pain by
themselves; and
e. don’t dramatise and play down the suicidal behaviors.
5. Should a student display abnormal emotional or behavioural reactions at school,
before professional assistance is available, people around can help to stabilize the
student’s emotions but they themselves should keep calm and assess the situation
carefully. In case there are students having a serious injury or in a
life-threatening situation; or situation requiring immediate support, schools should
activate its Crisis Management Team and take appropriate actions promptly,
including dialing 999 for emergency assistance. For details, please refer to
paragraph 3.4.2.
Handling Suicide Death Cases
6. School heads should report to their respective SSDOs of all student suicide death
cases which come to their knowledge through calls from parents, classmates,
teachers or through the police and the media. The school concerned should
promptly activate its Crisis Management Team to assess the impact, formulate a
crisis management plan and take appropriate measures in response to the critical
incident.
7. Other students may be affected psychologically by a suicide incident. Schools

should solicit support from their Student Guidance Officer/Student Guidance
Teacher/Student Guidance Personnel or School Social Worker or Educational
Psychologist to provide them with counselling services. The school can refer to
“The Handbook on School Crisis Management: Intervention and Psychological
Support in the Aftermath of Crises” for information on crisis aftermath
intervention and psychological support. When a crisis is over, the school should
conduct an evaluation on the effectiveness of its crisis management work and
adopt appropriate precautionary measures to prevent recurrence of similar
incidents in the future.
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3.7.2 Drug taking and trafficking
1. Prevention
To enhance students’ awareness of the detrimental effects of taking drugs

(including psychotropic substances) and help them stay away from drugs, schools are
advised to strengthen anti-drug education. Schools should take seriously the severe
harm caused by psychotropic substances such as “Ketamine”, “ICE”, “Cocaine” and
“Ecstasy” and traditional drugs such as heroin to the physical and mental well-being of
youths. In view of the growing trend of hidden youth drug abuse and the
unconspicuous harmful effects on the body at the early stage of drug abuse, it increases
the difficulties of teachers in early identification and provision of assistance to students.
Schools may refer to EDBC002/2010 “Healthy School Policy” to formulate a
school-based Healthy School Policy with an anti-drug element to institutionalize a
drug-free school culture. For details of the policy, please browse the “Healthy School
Policy” webpage of the EDB. The policy should include the following features:
a. appoint an experienced member of staff with overall responsibility for all health
issues within the school;
b. ensure school members are aware of and support the Healthy School Policy;
c. review the school-based Healthy School Policy regularly and evaluate
effectiveness for improvement;
d. develop a school-based anti-drug education programme to enrich students’
knowledge, skills and values conducive to adopting a healthy lifestyle;
e. adopt a whole school approach to anti-drug education by integrating anti-drug
messages into the school curriculum; of which teaching objectives should include
correcting students’ misconceptions about drugs, and supporting students with
guidance services;
f. promote a caring school atmosphere that facilitates students’ healthy growth and
development of positive values;
g. arrange anti-drug education activities for parents to strengthen their anti-drug
knowledge and skills for identifying drug abuse children;
h. encourage, support and arrange teachers to attend relevant training so as to update
their knowledge and skills of anti-drug education;
i. proactively communicate with the professional organisations (including
government and non-governmental organisations at Appendix 3) in order to
arrange for the anti-drug education activities and counselling service; and
j. draw up clear guidelines/ protocols and procedures on internal sharing of
information in order to identify students who may need help and putting in place a
referral system.
To help schools formulate a Healthy School Policy with an anti-drug element, the
Action Committee Against Narcotics, Narcotics Division of the Security Bureau and
the EDB have commissioned the Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups to produce
an Anti-drug Resource Kit for Schools. For details, please browse the “Anti-drug
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Resource Kit for Schools” webpage of the Security Bureau. Besides, we encourage
schools to upload the HSP documents onto their school website for stakeholders’
reference.
2. Management of drug-related incidents
According to the “Dangerous Drugs Ordinance” (Chapter 134 of the Laws of
Hong Kong), taking, possession and trafficking of dangerous drugs are illegal.
Schools should pay special attention when handling suspected drug cases.
a. Drug Taking
When students are suspected to have taken drugs, schools should:
 contact the parents concerned and get to know more about the students;
 consult the respective Police School Liaison Officer of your district; and
 seek as early as possible the support of the following personnel or organisations
in providing appropriate counselling and follow-up services for the students
concerned:
 student guidance officer/ student guidance teacher/ student guidance
personnel of primary schools;
 school social worker of secondary schools; and
 the organisation which provides professional counselling services to drug
abusers.
b. Drug Intoxication
When students are suspected to be suffering from the harmful effects of drugs and
are in need of medical care, schools should:
 send them to hospital at once accompanied by a member of the teaching/
non-teaching staff of the school. If possible, the sample and the container of the
suspected drugs found should also be taken to the hospital for analysis. The
suspected drugs should be properly preserved to avoid contamination;
 notify the parents concerned at once;
 consult the respective Police School Liaison Officer of your district; and
 seek as early as possible the support of the following personnel or organisations in
providing appropriate counselling and follow-up services for the students
concerned.
 student guidance officer/ student guidance teacher/ student guidance
personnel of primary schools;
 school social worker of secondary schools; and
 where appropriate, an organisation which provides professional counselling
services to drug abusers.
c. Drug Possession or Trafficking
When students are suspected to be in possession of drugs or involved in drug
trafficking, schools should:
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 consult the respective Police School Liaison Officers of your district or report to
the police direct;
 inform parents concerned of the actions taken by schools;
 wait for the police’s arrival to handle the case; and
 properly preserve the suspected drugs to avoid contamination.
The Police regularly provide general information on drug-related offences

involving students to EDB. Although the information does not reveal the names of
individual students, given that the information is sensitive in nature, only the school
head will be notified of the details of the drug case through respective Senior School
Development Officer. The school head should report the case to the SMC and seek its
endorsement to formulate and enhance comprehensive anti-drug programmes as well as
support measures to help at-risk students.
3.7.3 Sex related problems

1. Students often face challenges and temptations during their development.
Schools should organize preventive and developmental guidance activities for
students to explore the issues of gender awareness, relationship with the opposite
sex, dating, intimate behaviors, attitude towards sex, etc in order to help them
develop appropriate values and attitude, such as equality and respect. This is to
enable students to handle the related problems with rational analysis and make
responsible decisions.
2. If students are found to be involved in sex-related problems, teachers should work
closely with the student guidance personnel/ school social workers and provide
counseling to these students. According to the nature and seriousness of the
problem, student guidance personnel/ school social workers should refer students
to related organizations or departments for appropriate services and closely
monitor the case through multidisciplinary collaboration.
3. If the cases are suspected to involve sexual abuse, schools should follow the
“Procedural Guide for Handling Child Abuse Cases (Revised 2015)” of the Social
Welfare Department to consult the Family and Child Protective Services Unit of
the Social Welfare Department or the Child Abuse Investigation Team of the
Police Department for appropriate actions. For cases suspected to involve
criminal offence, schools should report to the Police.
3.7.4 Pornographic materials
1. This issue is best dealt with nurturing in students healthy attitude towards sex
through education programmes in both the school curricula and other learning
experiences, so as to guard against negative impacts and harms of pornography.
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2. For enquiries or complaints on the regulation of obscene and indecent articles,
please contact the “Office for Film, Newspaper and Article Administration”
through –
Telephone: 2594 5883(enquiry) / 2676 7676(complaint)

Email: [email protected] (enquiry) /
[email protected] (complaint)
Post: 39/F, Revenue Tower,
5 Gloucester Road, Wanchai
3.7.5 Gambling
Schools should always be on the alert for students’ interest in gambling and
gambling activities in school. A proactive whole school approach has to be adopted
to help students stay away from the bad habit. Education is indispensable for not only
enhancing students’ awareness and understanding of the adverse impact of gambling,
but also for instilling a sense of responsibility and positive values in students, and
training them to be able to think critically and resist the temptations of everyday life.
The following measures are suggested to combat gambling problem in school:
1. Prevention
a. reach a consensus as to the stance of the school on gambling and work out a
whole-school policy on the issue so that concerted efforts can be made to deter
students from gambling;
b. review on a regular basis the school policy and regulations on gambling behaviour
and activities in school;
c. explain to all students the revised policy and regulations so that they know clearly
the school’s stance on gambling;
d. inform parents of the school policy and regulations concerned so that they can
cooperate with the school in preventing and combating gambling;
e. watch out for students displaying signs and symptoms of gambling addiction as
follows:
 Unaccounted absences from school
 Unsatisfactory performance in class or a sudden drop in academic results
 Decreased participation in social activities or family functions
 Sudden change in behaviour and personality
 Unusual interest in newspapers and magazines with betting rates of horse racing
and football matches
 Frequent use of gambling terms in conversations
 Participation in games with gambling element
 Possession of sports gambling tickets or lottery tickets
 Boasting about experience in winning in gambling
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 Exaggerated display of unreasonable amount of money and valuables
 Shortage of money even with an adequate supply of pocket money
 Borrowing money or in debt
f. contact organizations with expertise in gambling related issues for mass preventive
programmes and/ or individual/ group counseling and follow-up services.
Information of some of the organizations is as follows:
Caritas Addicted Gamblers Counselling Centre
Room 1708-9, 17th Floor, Chinachem Tsuen Wan Plaza, 455 - 457 Castle Peak
Road, Tsuen Wan, N.T.
Tel: 2499 7828 Fax: 2499 7820
Gamblers’ Hotline: 1834 633 (Press 2)
TWGHs Even Centre
11/F, Tung Sun Commercial Centre, 194-200, Lockhart Road, Wanchai
Ping Wo Hotline: 2827 4321 Fax: 2827 4884
Gamblers’ Hotline: 1834 633 (Press 1)
Sunshine Lutheran Centre
Room A, 2/F, Mee Tak Building, 33 Kwong Fuk Road, Tai Po
Tel: 2661 7048 Fax: 2667 2199
Gamblers’ Hotline: 1834 633 (Press 4) Hotline: 8108 3933
Zion Social Service Yuk Lai Hin Counselling Centre
Room 1015, 10/F, Hewleet Centre, 52-54 Hoi Yuen Road, Kwun Tong, Kowloon
Tel: 2703 9893 Fax: 2703 9311
Gamblers’ Hotline: 1834 633 (Press 3) Direct Helpline: 2703 9811
g. call 3509 8095 or 3509 8008 of the Home Affairs Bureau, to make comments and
complaints, if any, in connection with the regulation of football betting. For
publicity materials on anti-gambling, please visit the “Do Not Gamble” website;
h. encourage teachers to acquire anti-gambling related knowledge and skills to help
students recognize the hazards of gambling and stay away from gambling;
i. organise educational programmes on gambling prevention in both the school
curriculum and life-wide learning activities to inculcate anti-gambling messages in
students. For teaching materials on anti-gambling, please browse the “Moral,
Civic and National Education” webpage.
2. Intervention
a. If a student is found to be involved in gambling activities, he/ she should be
referred to student guidance personnel/ school social workers for counseling and
follow-up services and parents concerned have to be informed.
b. If a student is found to be involved in illegal gambling activities, schools should
seek advice from their respective Police School Liaison Officers, and notify
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parents concerned at once. The student should also be referred to relevant
professionals for counseling and follow-up services.
3.7.6 Bullying
1. In general, bullying is a repeated and intended act of harm or oppression by a
person or a group of persons who is more powerful or in the majority. It has
three elements in common:
 Repetition
 Malicious intent
 Imbalance of power
2. The Education Bureau will not tolerate bullying in schools in any form (including
verbal, physical and cyber bullying) on any grounds (including physical build,
ability, religion, race and sexual orientation). Schools should take positive
measures to ensure the safety of students and against bullying in school.
Regarding the definition, prevention and handling procedures of bullying incidents,
schools should refer to:
 EDBC018/2008 “Creating Harmonious School”
 the resource package on “Co-creating a Harmonious School Resource Package”
 the resource package on “Co-creating a Harmonious School – Stop Bullying”
Resource Package
3. Schools should adopt a “Whole School Approach” to formulate and implement
anti-bullying strategies. Principles of an anti-bullying policy should include:
 Clear standpoint of “Zero Tolerance”;
 Reporting mechanism and handling procedures;
 Monitoring with high transparency;
 Handling each bullying incident with proactive and serious attitudes.
4. If bullying incidents occur, schools should handle the incidents according to the
principles of education, counseling and protecting students. In order to restore a
harmonious school environment, schools should follow the “Flowchart for
Handling Bullying Incidents in Schools” in the related EDB web resources, to
intervene and follow up the bullying incidents as soon as possible.
5. Owing to the rapid development of information technology, cyber bullying
happens sometimes. Schools should teach students to use information
technology appropriately and protect their private information carefully. In
addition, schools should also foster students’ attitude in respecting each other and
to master communication and social skills as well as conflict management skills.
For details, schools should refer to “Handling Cyber Bullying” in the related EDB
web resources.
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3.7.7 Gang activities
1. It is in the interests of students and schools to make effort to detect, curb and
eradicate gang activities. In this regard, preventive, developmental and remedial
work/ activities should be conducted to facilitate the healthy growth of students.
2. School heads are urged to make teaching staff and students aware of the grave
dangers of conniving at such activities, and to encourage them to report to the
school authorities any instance of suspected gang activity.
3. School heads may consider soliciting support from the respective Police School
Liaison Officers to protect students from being endangered by gang activities.
For details of the Police School Liaison Programme, please refer to Section 4.5.2
and browse the “Police School Liaison Programme” of the Hong Kong Police
Force webpage.
3.7.8 Suspected student illegal behaviour
Besides the serious student behavioural problems mentioned above, if students are
suspected to have been involved in illegal behaviour, such as hurting people, theft,
indecent assault, peeping Tom, etc., schools should consult the respective Police
School Liaison Officer. For serious cases, schools should report to the police
immediately to seek assistance.
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3.8 Support services
3.8.1 Counseling and guidance services

Counseling and guidance in schools caters for the developmental needs of students
by providing developmental, preventive and remedial service to students so that the
ultimate educational goal of enhancing students’ whole person development and
life-long learning can be achieved.
1. Objectives
a. to cultivate a positive and caring school culture;
b. to build a mechanism for school self-evaluation to ensure the effective
implementation of the student guidance service;
c. to provide teachers with professional training and consultation related to guidance;
d. to promote home-school cooperation and develop parent education;
e. to develop and maximize potentials of students and to help them acquire basic
knowledge, skills and attitude in the four areas of personal, social, academic and
career development;
f. to help students with individual needs through individual and group counseling;
and
g. to identify, counsel and refer students with behavioral, family, psychological,
mental health problems, etc. to relevant professional support services.
2. Existing services
a. Schools are encouraged to integrate student guidance service with other school
systems, such as Management and Organisation, Learning and Teaching,
Professional Development for Teachers and Parent Education etc. to develop a
comprehensive student guidance service mechanism.
b. In most aided primary schools and government primary schools, student guidance
service is provided by the Student Guidance Teachers (SGTs) or School Social
Worker/ Student Guidance Personnel (SGP) hired with the Student Guidance
Service Grant / School Social Work Service Grant and the Top-up Grant. Such
service in some government primary schools is provided by the Student Guidance
Officers (SGOs) of the Guidance and Discipline Section of EDB.
c. For secondary schools, guidance service is provided by guidance teachers with
professional support from school social workers of Non-Governmental
Organisations (NGOs). Details of the School Social Work Service are outlined in
Para. 3.8.2.
d. Guidance personnel of the primary and secondary schools should keep systematic
records of student casework with timely update and review as reference basis for
regular viewing of case progress and service improvement.
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e. In special schools, the student guidance service is provided by teachers and school
social workers.
3. Related supporting services
Educational psychologists (EPs) provide educational psychology services for the

schools they serve. Such services cover assessment and intervention for students,
support and professional development for teachers as well as consultation to schools
concerning policy and mechanism to cater for students’ diverse educational needs.
EPs also support schools on the management of crisis and critical incidents.
3.8.2 School social work service for secondary schools

1. The general objectives of the School Social Work Service are to:
a. help students develop their potentials to the fullest, achieve healthy personal
growth, attain adequate and proper school education, establish harmonious human
relationship and elicit their concern for the community;
b. help students with their personal, family and interpersonal relationship or
schooling problems; and
c. strengthen the linkage among students, families, the school and the community.
2. School social workers work closely with the school personnel, collaborate with
other welfare service units, other youth services and local stakeholders, mobilize
the community resources and make appropriate referral in providing necessary
professional support to the needy students.
3. The Social Welfare Department (SWD) is responsible for coordinating the School
Social Work Service provided by the Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs).
Schools may contact the NGOs or the Youth Section of the SWD for all matters
relating to the provision of the service.
4. Schools should work closely with the School Social Worker to provide guidance
and help for their students.
3.8.3 Life planning education and career guidance for secondary schools
1. Life planning education and career guidance
a. Life planning is an ongoing and lifelong process for personal fulfillment, with
different foci at different stages of the life time. At the schooling stage, life
planning education aims at fostering students’ positive value, self-understanding,
personal planning, goal setting and reflective ability. Our ultimate goal is to see
all students, irrespective of their abilities and levels of study, being able to:
 understand their own career/academic aspirations;
 develop positive attitudes towards work and learning;
 connect/integrate their career/academic aspirations with/into whole-person
development and life-long learning; and
 utilise the acquired knowledge, skills and attitudes whenever necessary.
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b. Proposed life planning or career development model consists of three components,
i.e. “Self-understanding and Development”, “Career Exploration”, and “Career
Planning and Management”. The career related knowledge, life planning and
work skills as well as work attitude that we expect from students can be expressed
through the proposed model which suggests a positive relationship among its three
components. Moreover, effective life planning education should be integrated
with the school’s curriculum as it also supports the whole-person development and
life-long learning of students.
2. Functions of career team/life planning team

a. Career guidance is not new to schools. Most secondary school must have set up a
Career Team/Life Planning Team responsible for planning and implementing life
planning education and career guidance service.
b. To facilitate students in life planning/career development, we advocate schools to
plan and implement life planning education in a comprehensive manner. Hence,
the service cannot be solely the responsibility of the Career Team/Life Planning
Team. It should be led by the school leaders, organized and supervised by the
Career Master/ Mistress with the support of class teachers, subject teachers and
other school personnel.
c. The Career Team/Life Planning Team of a school may consist of the following
members:
 Principal, vice principal or a senior teacher (Career Master/Mistress) as the
co-ordinator;
 Career teachers;
 Class teachers and subject teachers; and
 Other school personnel, such as Curriculum development leaders, guidance
teachers, school social workers, I.T. coordinators, administrative support staff.
d. Depending on the school context, Career Team/Life Planning Team may perform
administration, operation and support functions. Administrative-wise, the Career
Team/Life Planning Team assists in the formulation of school-based policy and
work plan; and advises on the co-ordination and collaboration of life planning
education and career guidance programmes and activities.
e. In operation level, the Career Team/Life Planning Team organises life-planning
education and career guidance programmes, liaise with external parties; and
evaluate the effectiveness of life planning education and career guidance service
for continuous improvement.
f. To perform the support function, the Career Team/Life Planning Team supports
the other school personnel, e.g. class teachers and subject teachers, guidance
teachers, school social workers etc. in the delivery of life planning education and
career guidance service; builds up partnership with parents, functional and subject
committees in school, employers in the business and industrial sectors, and
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establishs networks with local and overseas institutes and Non-Governmental
Organisations (NGOs) for collaboration in career guidance service. It also
supports students through group and individual career advisory service.
3. Career and Life Planning (CLP) Grant
a. Starting from the 2014/15 school year, public sector and Direct Subsidy Scheme
schools operating classes at senior secondary levels are provided with a recurrent
CLP Grant to enhance and enrich life planning education elements for
students. Please refer to EDBC6/2014 “Career and Life Planning Grant” for
details of the CLP Grant.
b. The prime aim of providing the CLP Grant is to empower and enhance the
capacity of schools and their responsible teaching team. To ensure that the
recurrent grant is purposefully utilized to achieve the intended objectives, schools
should designate the Career Master/Mistress to co-ordinate life planning education
in a more coordinated and systematic approach. Through comprehensive life
planning education, all students are helped to understand their interests, abilities
career/academic aspirations and acquired positive attitude towards work and
learning, thereby to develop a feasible life plan.
c. Schools are not expected to retain surplus of this grant in principle. However,
under exceptional circumstances and cogent reasons, some schools might fail to
fully utilize their funding. Schools are allowed to retain the unspent balance of
the CLP Grant up to 20% of the total provision disbursed for each year.
d. Schools should devise school-based work plan in accordance with the intended
objectives of the CLP Grant, school context and students’ needs. The work plan
and details on the use of the CLP Grant should be endorsed by IMC/SMC and
uploaded onto the school’s homepage by December each year.
e. Starting from the 2016/17 school year, schools may turn CLP Grant into regular
teaching posts. This policy would facilitate the consolidation of the school-based
experiences on the implementation of life planning education and provide stable
capacity and strength of the career guidance team that enhance the quality of life
planning education. Please refere to EDBCM36/2016 “Turning Senior
Secondary Curriculum Support Grant and Career and Life Planning Grant into
Regular Teaching Posts” for details.
f. In planning for the school-based career guidance service, schools may make
reference to the following:
 “The Guide on Life Planning Education and Career Guidance for Secondary
Schools” ; and
 “FAQs on CLP Grant” (Chinese Version only).
g. To enhance support for schools, apart from issuing an implementation guide, the
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EDB orgaises teacher training courses and various professional development
activities, conducts school visits to provide on-site support, develops learning and
teaching materials, identifies Professional Development Schools to disseminate
good practices, sets up a teacher network and enhance the Business-School
Partnership Porgramme. Beside, the EDB provides teachers, parents and students
with updated career information through the “Life Planning” website, organising
Career Information Expos and seminars on local/ non-local further studies, etc.
For details on non-local studies, schools may refer to EDBCM76/2018 “Non-local
Further Education”.
4. Business-School Partnership Programme (BSPP)
a. BSPP was first launched in 2005. The aim of BSPP is to promote better
co-operation and closer partnership between the business sector and schools. It
leads students out of the classroom to gain a wider perspective of the world so that
they can get prepared for life in the society. Through this non-traditional learning
platform provided by the business sector, students will be able to learn about
different careers and understand the requirements of employers, enhance generic
skills, develop appropriate work attitude and values which enable them to adapt to
economic and social changes, hence ultimately achieve the goal of whole-person
development.
b. To effectively assist students in planning for life and career development, besides
providing them with different career exploration opportunities, guidance from
teachers and support from parents are vital. Therefore, BSPP orgainses activites
for students, teachers and parents. Student activity mainly focuses on career
exploration, includes talks, workshops, workplace visits, mentoring programmes,
job shadowing programmes, work experience programmes and tours to business
entities in the Mainland, etc. Teacher activity includes workshops, professional
development programmes and workplace visits. Parent activity is mainly
introducing the latest developments in different trades.
c. Since December 2014, the EDB has launched the revamped “Business-School
Partnership Programme” website to provide schools and the business partners with
more updated information on BSPP activities as well as an on-line application
system to facilitate enrolment to the BSPP programmes. Schools are encouraged
to join the BSPP activities in order to make use of the community resources.
3.8.4 Support for students with special educational needs

1. Schools are encouraged to adopt the Whole School Approach (WSA) to providing
systematic and comprehensive support for students with special educational needs
(SEN) to develop their potential through inclusive policy, culture and practices.
Ordinary schools adopting the WSA are provided with additional resources,
teacher training and professional support from the EDB.
2. Curriculum materials for students with SEN can be downloaded from the “Special
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Educational Needs” webpage. For the implementation details of WSA, related
resources and professional support available, please refer to the following:
 EDBC017/2017 “Early Identification and Intervention for Students with Learning
Difficulties or Special Educational Needs”
 EDBC008/2017 “Learning Support Grant”
 EDBC008/2015 “Top-up Fund for Procurement of Special Furniture and
Equipment or Carrying Out Minor Conversion Works for Students with
Disabilities in Ordinary Schools”
 EDBC012/2015 “Teacher Professional Development on Catering for Students with
Special Educational Needs”
 EDBC014/2017 “Schools for Social Development/Residential Homes”
 EDBCM008/2018 “Enhanced Speech Therapy Grant”
 EDBC009/2013 “Transfer of Information of Students with Special Educational
Needs”
 EDBCM154/2017 “School Partnership Scheme in Supporting Students with
Special Educational Needs for the 2017/18 and 2018/19 School Years”
 EDBCM126/2017 “Enhancement on Mental Health Promotion and Support for
Students with Mental Health Needs”
 EDBC009/2017 “Special Educational Needs Coordinator”
 “Whole School Approach to Integrated Education” webpage
 “Operation Guide on The Whole School Approach to Integrated Education”
 “Special Educational Needs Coordinator (SENCO)” webpage
3. Regarding support for students with SEN having serious emotional and
behavioural problems, please refer to the hyperlinked guideline.
3.8.5 Support for gifted students

1. The Education Bureau encourages schools to cater for gifted students via the
Three-tier Implementation Model, and adopt a school-based approach (i.e. Level 1
- whole class approach and Level 2 - school-based pull-out approach) to nurture
and develop the potential of gifted students. A broad definition of giftedness
using multiple criteria should be adopted in identifying students for gifted
programmes.
2. A range of curriculum resources including “Teacher Training Packages for

School-based Gifted Programmes”, “Guidelines on School-based Gifted
Development Programmes”, “Reference Manual in Implementing Gifted
Education in School: Acceleration Programmes”, exemplars and resource
packages of the “Cluster School Gifted Projects” and pilot school-based pull-out
programmes can be downloaded from the “Gifted Education” webpage. Printed
copies of most of the resources were also sent to schools for reference.
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3. The EDB organises various territory-wide competitions every year, covering areas
such as languages, mathematics, sciences, and humanities, etc., so as to provide
channels for gifted students to further develop their potential by learning from
each other as well as to set examples for schools to organise similar activities at
school-based level in order to benefit more students. Besides, web-based
learning courses are also developed by the EDB to provide a more flexible
learning mode for gifted students. For details, please refer to the “Gifted
Education” webpage.
4. The EDB organises regular briefings, experience sharing, seminars and workshops
to familiarise relevant school personnel with various aspects and the developments
of gifted education in Hong Kong. Gifted Education Teacher Network and
Gifted Education School Network are also developed to encourage exchanges
among schools and teachers, promoting the sharing of experiences and resources
in implemneating gifted education.
5. Since 2009/10 school year, the EDB has been providing a Diversity Learning
Grant, in the form of cash, to support the diversification of the SS school
curriculum to cater for the needs of students. Schools are encouraged to make
use of the grant to offer school-based pull-out programmes or to support off-school
gifted education programmes for selected students.
6. Furthermore, the EDB would also collaborate with related organisations/ bodies to
promote gifted education in Hong Kong.
7. Since September 2008, the Hong Kong Academy for Gifted Education (HKAGE)
has started to provide a series of free-of-charge programmes for gifted students
aged 10-18 and their teachers. Other than collaborating with the EDB and
post-secondary institutions in providing diversified face-to-face programmes in the
domains of mathematics, science, humanities and leadership, the HKAGE also
organises online courses for students and teachers. Besides, starting from
September 2014, the HKAGE has extended its services to all primary schools.
8. The HKAGE runs a Consultation and Assessment Centre in which its Helpline
offers information and advice for parents on gifted education. Besides, the
HKAGE collaborates with local and overseas universities to offer parent
programmes, as well as to conduct research on gifted education so as to provide
feedback and suggestions on the curriculum and policy related to fostering gifted
students.
9. The EDB and the HKAGE have jointly developed a professional development
framework in gifted education for all teachers in Hong Kong. This framework
aims at providing a clear pathway of professional development for teachers by
fully utilising the resources available from both the EDB and the HKAGE. For
details of the goals, target participants and linkages of the various courses, please
refer to the webpage,
http://www.edb.gov.hk/en/curriculum-development/major-level-of-edu/gifted/reso
urces_and_support/pdp/pd-framework/index.html.
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3.8.6 Support services for newly-arrived children and returnee children
Schools should take care of the adjustment problems and learning difficulties of
newly-arrived children, namely, newly-arrived children from the Mainland,
newly-arrived non-Chinese speaking children and returnee children. Heads of schools
are requested to make use of the following support services to help these children:
a. The Induction Programme
b. The School-based Support Scheme Grant
c. The Full-time Initiation Programme
For details of these services, please browse the “Education and Support Services
for Newly-arrived Children” webpage.
3.8.7 Support for non-Chinese speaking students1

1. The Government is committed to encouraging and supporting non-Chinese
speaking (NCS) students’ early integration into the community, including
facilitating their adaptation to the local education system and mastery of the
Chinese language. EDB has implemented a series of measures announced in the
2014 Policy Address to step up the support for EMs, in particular the learning of
the Chinese language by NCS students. It is worth noting that the policy intent is
to encourage parents of NCS students, notably EM parents, to arrange their
children to study in schools with an immersed Chinese language environment as
early as possible to facilitate their mastery of the Chinese language while the
Government ensures equal opportunities in school admission for all eligible
children (including NCS children) in public sector schools.
2. Capitalising on the experience in supporting NCS students since the 2006/07

school year, and taking into account views of stakeholders, EDB has, starting from
the 2014/15 school year, implemented the “Chinese Language Curriculum Second
Language Learning Framework” (“Learning Framework”) in primary and
secondary schools to help NCS students overcome the difficulties in learning
Chinese as a second language with a view to facilitating their effective learning of
Chinese and bridging over to mainstream Chinese Language classes as early as
possible. To facilitate schools’ implementation of the “Learning Framework”
and creation of an inclusive learning environment in schools, all schools admitting
10 or more NCS students are provided with an additional funding ranging from
$0.8 million to $1.5 million per year depending on the number of NCS students
admitted. The additional funding allows schools to adopt diversified intensive
learning and teaching modes such as pull-out teaching, split-class / group learning,
after-school consolidation, etc. as appropriate based on the needs of their NCS
1
For the planning of educational support measures, students whose spoken language at home is not Chinese are
broadly categorised as non-Chinese speaking students.
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students. As regards schools admitting a handful (i.e. 1 to 9) of NCS students,
their NCS students can benefit from the immersed Chinese language environment
of the school as well as the “Learning Framework”. Nevertheless, from the
2014/15 school year, they may apply for an additional funding of $50,000 per year
on a need basis to offer after-school support programmes in learning Chinese to
consolidate what their NCS students have learnt in classes. In tandem, EDB will
continue to enhance teachers’ professional development in teaching Chinese as a
second language and offer school-based professional support services.
3. Channels to obtain alternative Chinese Language qualifications recognised for

further studies and employment under the multiple pathways are provided to NCS
students. Schools are provided with the Chinese Language Assessment Tools in
conjunction with the “Learning Framework” to assess the attainment of NCS
students as their on-going internal assessment with reference to the expected
learning outcome of different levels. As such, apart from adjusting the learning
objectives and teaching strategies as appropriate, schools could make
evidence-based recommendations as to whether individual NCS students could
bridge over to mainstream Chinese Language classes and help those reaching the
Secondary 4 level make an informed choice for articulation to take the mainstream
Chinese Language examination in the Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary
Education, or the Applied Learning Chinese (for NCS students) provided at senior
secondary levels starting from the 2014/15 school year and/or attain other
internationally recognised Chinese Language qualifications (such as the General
Certificate of Education (GCE), the International General Certificate of Secondary
Education (IGCSE) and the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE)
with subsidies for the examinations) having regard to their Chinese proficiency,
needs and aspirations.
4. Details of the afore-mentioned support are set out in:

 EDBC008/2014 “Enhanced Chinese Learning and Teaching for Non-Chinese
Speaking Students”
 EDBC019/2012 “Education Support for Non-Chinese Speaking Students
Expanded Examination Subsidy”
 Training Calendar System - Schools are encouraged to arrange teachers (including
teaching assistants) to participate in the relevant programmes to raise their
empathy and cultural and religious sensitivity in handling NCS students. Besides,
diversified and progressively advanced professional development programmes on
teaching Chinese as a second language to NCS students are available specifically
for Chinese Language teachers.
 Website “School-based Support Services” - Schools are also encouraged to join
the diversified modes of school-based professional support services that include
on-site support and professional learning communities. Schools are invited to
apply for relevant school-based support services through a circular memorandum
according to their needs in March / April every year.
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 Website “Education services for non-Chinese speaking students” for a holistic
picture of the support measures.
5. Schools are encouraged to communicate with parents of NCS students in a more

proactive manner by arranging translation for them through various ways, such as
appointing EM assistants or procuring translation services by means of the
afore-mentioned enhanced additional funding, soliciting support from other EM
parents, making use of the interpretation services provided by the CHEER Centre
funded by the Home Affairs Department, etc. To facilitate parents of NCS
students’ understanding of the local education system including the relevant
support services and seeking admission to schools, in particular entry levels of
Primary 1 and Secondary 1, the essential information or publications have been
translated into major EM languages. Apart from Regional Education Offices and
District Offices, printed version of the major publications in major EM languages
is also available at Maternal and Child Health Centres and Support Services
Centres for EMs funded by Home Affairs Department. With the distribution of
the English version of the School Profiles to each NCS student from the 2015/16
school year, parents of NCS students are able to grasp the basic information of all
public sector schools. To provide parents with more comprehensive information
for school choice making, a separate column on “Education Support for NCS
Students” has been added to the School Profiles distributed starting from the
2018/19 school year. Schools will specify in the newly-added column that
additional support is provided for their NCS students in the learning of the Chinese
Language. Besides, all schools are encouraged to provide more details of their
school-based support in their School Profiles and/or school webpages for the
reference of parents of NCS students.
3.8.8 Student financial assistance schemes

1. The Student Finance Office (SFO) of the Working Family and Student Financial
Assistance Agency provides / administers the following financial assistance
schemes for needy primary and secondary students:
a. the School Textbook Assistance Scheme;
b. the Student Travel Subsidy Scheme;
c. the Subsidy Scheme for Internet Access Charges; and
d. the Examination Fee Remission Scheme.
2. The School Textbook Assistance Scheme provides assistance to needy Primary 1
to Senior Secondary 3 / Secondary 6 students in government, aided, per caput
grant schools and local schools under the Direct Subsidy Scheme for covering the
costs of essential textbooks and miscellaneous school-related expenses. The
Scheme is means-tested.
3. The Student Travel Subsidy Scheme provides travel subsidy to needy students
receiving formal primary or secondary education. The student should reside
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beyond 10-minute walking distance from school and has to travel to school by
public transport. The Scheme is means-tested.
4. The Subsidy Scheme for Internet Access Charges provides subsidy to needy
families whose children are full-time students receiving education at primary or
secondary level, or full-time students pursuing Diploma Yi Jin (known as Yi Jin
Diploma before 2016) programmes or equivalent courses of the Vocational
Training Council to reduce the burden in meeting the Internet access charges for
e-learning at home for their children. The subsidy is granted on a household
basis. The Scheme is means-tested.
5. Families which have been disbursed with financial assistance under the above
schemes in preceding school year will receive pre-printed household application
forms from the SFO to facilitate their continual application in the new school year.
For other students especially those newly admitted students (including NCS
students who have not applied for the schemes before), schools should inform
parents of the financial assistance schemes and distribute the application forms and
related documents by drawing reference to the letter issued by the SFO around
April/May every year. Leaflet and sample form on household application for
student financial assistance schemes printed in seven major EM languages are
available to assist parents of NCS students.
6. The Examination Fee Remission Scheme provides assistance1 to needy students

(including NCS students) attending public examinations conducted by the Hong
Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority (HKEAA). The Scheme also
covers eligible NCS students participating in other Chinese Language
examinations under GCSE, IGCSE and GCE through HKEAA. Please refer to
the annual Circular on Applications for Examination Fee Remission issued by the
HKEAA for details of application and eligibility criteria.
7. A number of scholarship, grant and loan schemes are available to students

studying at primary and secondary levels. Some of the schemes are administered
by the SFO and Home Affairs Bureau.
8. For details, please browse the “SFO” website or call the 24-hour hotline at
2802 2345.
3.8.9 Handling of child abuse cases

1. Definition of child abuse
a. In a broad sense, child abuse is defined as any act of commission or omission that
endangers or impairs a child’s physical/ psychological health and development of
an individual under the age of 18. Such act is judged on the basis of a
1
With the approval of the 2018-19 Budget proposal by the Finance Committee of the Legislative Council, the
Government will pay the examination fees for school candidates sitting for the 2019 Hong Kong Diploma of
Secondary Education as well as the “subsidised examination fee” of eligible NCS students sitting for the
aforementioned Chinese Language examinations in the 2018/19 school year.
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combination of community standards and professional expertise. It is committed
by individuals, singly or collectively, who by their characteristics (e.g. age, status,
knowledge, organisational form) are in a position of differential power that renders
a child vulnerable. Child abuse is not limited to a child-parent/ guardian situation
but includes anyone who is entrusted with the care and control of a child such as
child-minders, relatives, teachers, etc. For child sexual abuse, the acts may also
be committed by strangers to the child.
b. The above definition of child abuse is provided to facilitate relevant professionals

or personnel to safeguard the welfare of children being abused or at risk of abuse.
It is not a legal definition. In determining whether a case should be defined as a
child abuse case, the responsible professionals should make assessment based on
individual case merits and take into consideration various factors (e.g. the child’s
age, the act, the consequences of the act on the child, etc.) instead of just focusing
on the frequency and nature of incident that has occurred.
2. Classification of common child abuse behaviours

a. Physical abuse
An act that causes physical injury or physical suffering to a child (including
non-accidental use of force, deliberate poisoning, suffocation, burning,
Munchausen’s Syndrome by Proxy etc.), where there is a definite knowledge, or a
reasonable suspicion that the injury has been inflicted non-accidentally.
b. Neglect
Severe or a repeated lacking in attention to a child’s basic needs that

endangers or impairs the child’s health or development. Neglect may be:
 Physical: e.g. failure to provide necessary food, clothing or shelter, failure to
prevent physical injury or suffering, lack of appropriate supervision or left
unattended
 Medical: e.g. failure to provide necessary medical or mental health treatment
 Educational: e.g. failure to provide education or ignoring educational needs
arising from a child’s disability
 Emotional: e.g. ignoring a child’s emotional needs, failure to provide
psychological care
c. Sexual abuse
The involvement of a child in sexual activity which is unlawful (e.g. rape, oral
sex), or to which a child is unable to give informed consent. This includes direct
or indirect sexual exploitation and abuse of a child (e.g. production of
pornographic material). It may be committed by individuals whether inside the
home or outside. It may be committed by parents, carers, other adults or children
singly or in an organised way. It includes acts which may be rewarded or
apparently attractive to the child. It may be committed by individuals either
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known or strangers to the child. (Child sexual abuse differentiates from casual
sexual relationship e.g. between a boy and a girl that does not include any sexual
exploitation, though the boy can be liable for offences like indecent assault or
unlawful sexual intercourse with an underaged girl.)
d. Psychological abuse
The repeated pattern of behaviour or attitudes towards a child or extreme

incident that endangers or impairs a child’s emotional or intellectual development.
Examples include acts of spurning, terrorizing, isolating, exploiting/ corrupting,
denying emotional responsiveness, conveying to a child that he / she is worthless,
flawed, unwanted or unloved. Such act damages immediately or ultimately the
behavioural, cognitive, affective, or physical functioning of the child.
3. Procedures of handling child abuse cases
On prevention and handling of child abuse (including sexual abuse) incidents,

the Social Welfare Department (SWD) has, in collaboration with the Labour and
Welfare Bureau, Education Bureau (EDB), Department of Health, Hong Kong
Police Force, Hospital Authority, the Hong Kong Council of Social Service, and
relevant non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and professionals, drawn up and
issued the “Procedural Guide for Handling Child Abuse Cases (Revised 2015)”
(Procedural Guide) for reference to different professionals and those who may
come into close contact with children because of their job nature (including school
personnel) when encountering suspected cases of child abuse. The Education
Bureau has also issued EDBC005/2018 “Handling Suspected Cases of Child
Abuse and Domestic Violence” to all the schools urging them to pay close
attention to the welfare and safety of students. When school personnel spot any
physical or behavioural indicators of child abuse, no matter the student is attending
school as usual, absent continuously or absent intermittently, schools should
observe the circular and the “Procedural Guide” mentioned. The related
procedures are outlined as follows:
a. The first person who comes into contact with the student concerned should inform
the school supervisor/principal/designated teacher(s). The school should activate
immediately the school-based contingency arrangements/Crisis Management
Team and assign designated personnel (e.g. designated teacher, school social
worker or guidance personnel) to make an initial attempt to understand the
student’s conditions and conduct an initial assessment. The established principles
and procedures should be followed in the follow-up and handling of suspected
child abuse cases.
b. During initial assessment, schools may, if necessary, consult the Family and Child
Protective Services Units (FCPSUs) of SWD for professional advice on case
handling.
c. If the student concerned is not a case subject of the school social worker, schools
should check with the respective SWD/NGO units to see if it is a new case or a
known case (for contact information, please refer to Appendix XXIII of the
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Procedure Guide). If schools provide sufficient information, the SWD/NGO
units will inform them whether it is a new case or a known case as early as
possible.
d. For a known case, schools should inform the caseworker of the units concerned to
take over the case as soon as possible. Schools should also discuss with the
responsible caseworker or the social worker of FCPSUs of the known case to
decide whether it is necessary to take immediate actions to protect the child.
e. If parent(s)/guardian(s) is/are suspected to be involved in the abuse, schools do not
need to seek the prior consent of parents when making a referral of a suspected
child abuse case to the school social worker/known case to the caseworker or
FCPSUs. If schools need to contact the parents during the process, they may
consult FCPSUs first for handling methods.
f. In circumstances that suggest a criminal offence may have been committed and the
case is in a severe situation, or the life of the child concerned is being threatened
where immediate action is needed (such as serious physical abuse), schools should
report the case to the Police by phone as early as possible.
g. When it is apparent that urgent medical attention is called for, the school should
take the child to the public hospital for medical examination/ treatment (with the
assistance from the Police, if necessary). If consent from parent has been sought,
the Medical Coordinator on Child Abuse of the Hospital Authority can be
contacted for direct admission of the student to the Paediatric Ward as required.
Otherwise, the student can be arranged to Accident and Emergency Department
for medical attention.
h. In handling suspected child sexual abuse cases that involve a staff member of the
school, the school supervisor/ principal should inform the School Development
Officer of the respective Regional Education Office. The school supervisor/
principal should maintain effective communication among the caseworkers
concerned, the school and EDB with reference to the “Communication Flow for
Handling Child Sexual Abuse Cases Involving School Staff” stipulated in
EDBC005/2018 “Handling Suspected Cases of Child Abuse and Domestic
Violence”. For details, please refer to said Circular.
i. The designated personnel involved, in the course of handling suspected child
abuse cases, should adhere strictly to the principle of confidentiality. The
information collected should be shared on a need-to-know basis with relevant
parties concerned such as the principal, the responsible social worker and the
Police as soon as possible.
j. All records must be kept centrally and access to these records within schools must
be restricted and recorded. Under no circumstances should these records be kept
with the students’ general records. (Schools should pay attention to Chapter 4 of
the “Procedural Guide” regarding the Information Sharing and Confidentiality in
details.)
4. Protecting Children from Sexual Abuse
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a. The EDB encourages schools (including kindergartens, primary schools, secondary
schools and special schools) to raise students’ awareness of self-protection through
different means and organise sex-related preventive and developmental guidance
activities to teach students how to protect their bodies, say no when they feel
offended, and seek help when necessary, from teachers, family members, guidance
personnel or relevant organisations.
b. Schools are also encouraged to use the teaching resources provided by the EDB
when providing guidance services, and strengthen related parent education to
remind parents of the need to protect their children against sexual assaults.
c. To further safeguard the well-being of children, schools are strongly advised to
adopt the Sexual Conviction Record Check (SCRC) Scheme in their appointment
procedures. For details of the implementation of the SCRC Scheme, schools may
refer to the website (https://www.police.gov.hk/ppp_en/11_useful_info/scrc.html)
and the relevant circulars/guidelines issued by the EDB.
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Appendix 1 Recommended list of first aid items 1
1. Sterilised normal saline or distilled water (for cleaning wounds)

2. Alcohol (for cleaning first aid equipment)
3. Disposable plastic gloves (to avoid direct contact with wounds or blood)
4. Surgical masks
5. Sterile dressings/ dressing packs/ gauze (individually packed)
6. Elastic tensor bandages (of different widths)
7. Triangular bandages
8. Cotton sticks and cotton wool
9. Adhesive plaster (of different sizes)
10. Scissors
11. Forceps
12. Spray bottles or eye cups for washing eyes
13. Cold pack 2
14. Electronic thermometer
15. CPR face shield (disposable) or CPR pocket masks for resusciation
16. Emergency helpline information (such as contact phone number of the nearby
ambulance station)
*Additional items recommended:

Automatic External Defibrillators (AED) (schools are encouraged to install an AED to provide extra
protection to their students, staff, etc.)
Note: The person(s) in charge of the first aid boxes should ensure that
 the first aid box content list is included;
 all the medicines are labeled properly;
 the contents are checked regularly to see if any refill is needed; and
 the expiry dates of medicine are checked so that replacements can be made
accordingly.
1
To note the purchase or expiry dates of various first aid items and to make supplyments or replacements.
2
Some cold packs must be stored in the freezer of a refrigerator; for safety guidelines on the use of cold packs, please visit the
Health Department website: http://www.mdco.gov.hk/english/emp/emp_gp/emp_gp_hcgp.html
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Appendix 2 Medical history of student (Sample)
(for the completion of parent/ guardian on voluntary basis)
Medical History of Student
(Restricted - The information provided will only be used for the purpose of the student’s health reference)
Name of Student : Sex : Class: Class No.:
Date of Birth:
Name of Parent/Guardian:
Emergency Telephone Number: 1. 2.
1. If the student has ever had the medical condition(s) below, please put a “” in the
appropriate box(es) and give details.
Age Details of Recommended treatment
detected Disease (if applicable)
 G6PD deficiency
 Bronchial asthma
 Epilepsy
 Fits due to fever
 Kidney disease
 Heart disease
 Diabetes mellitus
 Hearing defect
 Haemophilia
 Anaemia
 Other blood disease
 Allergy to drugs
 Allergy to vaccines
 Allergy to food
 Other allergies (Please specify:_____)
 Tuberculosis
 Minor operation
 Major operation
 Mental problems (eg. psychosis,
depression, anxiety disorder,
obsessive compulsive disorder, etc.)
 Others
2. If the student is considered not suitable for participation in PE lessons or any other type of
school activities, please specify and submit a medical certificate for school’s reference.
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3. Other supplementary information :
(Signature of Parent/Guardian)
(Name of Parent/Guardian)
Date
Collection of Personal Data

Purpose of Collection:
Personal data collected from your child is only used for handling matters relating to his / her health and safety. Though
the provision of such data is done entirely on a voluntary basis, insufficiency of information may make the school unable to
have a clear picture of your child’s medical history. We may not be able to provide proper assistance to him / her in case of
accident.
Access to Personal Data

According to Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance, you have the right to access and correct the data supplied. Please
contact the school if necessary.
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Appendix 3 Government and Professional Organisations Promoting
Anti-drug Education
Organisation Narcotics Division, Security Bureau

Address 30/F, High Block, Queensway Government Offices, 66 Queensway, Hong
Kong
Services  Provide anti-drug education services
provided  Produce anti-drug education resources, publications and posters
Areas served Territory-wide
Tel & Fax Anti-drug abuse hotline: 186 186 Fax: 2810 1790
Website http://www.nd.gov.hk/en/index.htm
Remarks Government Bureau
Organisation Hong Kong Jockey Club Drug InfoCentre

Address Roof Floor, Low Block, Queensway Government Offices, 66 Queensway,
Hong Kong
Services  Guided tour service
provided  Preventive anti-drug education programmes
 Provide anti-drug education audio-visual resources and promotional
materials
Tel 2867 2831
Website http://www.nd.gov.hk/en/druginfocentre.htm
Remarks Free of charge
Organisation Life Education Activity Programme

Address 107-113, G/F, Lok Yiu House, Lai Yiu Estate, Kwai Chung, New
Territories
Services  Anti-drug education programmes for students in primary and secondary
provided schools
 Display board, mobile classrooms, parent programme
Tel & Fax Tel: 2530 0018 Fax: 2524 8878
Website http://www.leap.org.hk
Remarks Fee-charging
Organisation Community Drug Advisory Council

Address Unit 7, G/F, The Center, 99 Queen’s Road Central, Hong Kong
Services  Anti-drug education programmes for students and teachers in primary
provided and secondary schools
 Consultation service for schools on drug issues
 Production of resources on drug issues
 Drugs information resource library
Tel & Fax Tel: 2521 2880 Fax: 2525 1317
Website http://www.cdac.org.hk/eng_news.htm
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Organisation Caritas – Hong Kong, Caritas Lok Heep Club

Address Hong Kong Centre : 12/F, Southorn Centre, 130 Hennessy Road,
Wanchai, Hong Kong
Kowloon Centre : Unit 1-4, G/F, Yiu Tung House, Tung Tau Estate,
Kowloon
Services  Anti-drug education programmes
provided  Counselling and rehabilitation services for drug abusers and ex-drug
abusers
 Counselling and support services for family members of drug abusers
and ex-drug abusers
Tel & Fax Hong Kong Centre : Tel: 2893 8060 Fax: 2574 1726
Kowloon Centre : Tel: 2382 0267 Fax: 2383 0983
Website http://www.caritaslokheepclub.org.hk/en/home1.html
Organisation Community Education and Crime Prevention Service, The Society of

Rehabilitation and Crime Prevention, Hong Kong
Address 5D, Shan Ha Wai, Shatin, New Territories
Tel & Fax Tel: 2726 0611 Fax: 2327 7909
Website http://www.sracp.org.hk/cecps/ (Chinese website only)
Remarks Fee-charging
Organisation Barnabas Charitable Service Association Ltd

Address Wing A & B, G/F, Lee Wah House, Lee On Estate, Ma On Shan, NT
Tel & Fax Tel: 2640 1683 Fax: 2640 0391
Website http://www.barnabas.com.hk (Chinese website only)
Remarks Free of charge (secondary schools) / Fee-charging (primary schools)
Organisation Kely Support Group

Address 2/F, East Wing, 12 Borret Road, Central, Hong Kong
Services  Anti-drug education programmes for students in international schools
provided (including English School Foundation schools) and local schools with
non-chinese speaking students
Tel & Fax Tel: 2521 6890 Fax: 2521 6853
Website http://www.kely.org/en/index.html
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Organisation Tung Wah Group of Hospitals, CROSS Centre : Central Western,
Southern and Islands Office
Address Room 1501-1504, Tung Ning Building, 2 Hillier Street, Sheung Wan, Hong
Kong
Tung Chung Sub-office : Wing C, G/F, Mei Yat House, Yat Tung (2) Estate,
Tung Chung, Lantau Island, N.T.
Services  Anti-drug education programmes for students in secondary schools
provided  Anti-drug education talks for teachers and social workers
 Counselling and rehabilitation services for psychotropic substance
abusers
Areas served Central Western, Southern and Islands
Tel & Fax Tel: 2884 0282 Fax: 2884 3262
Website http://crosscentre.tungwahcsd.org/v3/index.php
Organisation Tung Wah Group of Hospitals, CROSS Centre : Eastern and Wanchai
Office
Address 9/F, TWGHs Fong Shu Chuen Social Service Bldg., 6 Po Man Street,
Shaukeiwan, Hong Kong
abusers
Areas served Eastern and Wanchai
Tel & Fax Tel: 2884 0282 Fax: 2884 3262
Website http://crosscentre.tungwahcsd.org/v3/index.php
Organisation Hong Kong Lutheran Social Service, the Lutheran Church – Hong
Kong Synod Limited, Evergreen Lutheran Centre
Address 2 Horse Shoe Lane, Kwun Tong, Kowloon
abusers
Areas served Kwun Tong
Tel & Fax Tel: 2712 0097 Fax: 2712 9906
Website http://evergreen-ccpsa.hklss.hk/ (Chinese website only)
Kong Synod Limited, Rainbow Lutheran Centre
Address 1/F, Yee Yan House Annex, Yee Ming Estate, 6 Chi Shin Street, Tseung
Kwan O, N.T.
Services  Anti-drug education programmes for students in secondary schools
provided  Anti-drug education talks for teachers and social workers
 Counselling and rehabilitation services for psychotropic substance
101
abusers
Areas served Wong Tai Sin and Sai Kung
Tel & Fax Tel: 2330 8004 Fax: 2330 8071
Website http://rainbow-ccpsa.hklss.hk/ (Chinese website only)
Organisation Hong Kong Christian Service, PS33 – Tsimshatsui Centre

Address 33 Granville Road, Tsimshatsui, Kowloon
Services  Anti-drug education programmes for students in secondary schools
provided  Anti-drug education talks for teachers and social workers
 Counselling and rehabilitation services for psychotropic substance
abusers
Areas served Kowloon City and Yau Tsim Mong
Tel & Fax Tel: 2368 8269 Fax: 2739 6966
Website http://www.hkcs.org/en/services/ps33tstc
Organisation Hong Kong Christian Service, PS33 – Shamshuipo Centre

Address Unit 11-16, G/F., Nam Yiu House, Nam Shan Estate, Shamshuipo,
Kowloon
abusers
Areas served Shamshuipo
Tel & Fax Tel: 3572 0673 Fax: 3188 1221
Website http://www.hkcs.org/en/services/ps33sspc
Organisation Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, Sane Centre

Address Units 03-04, 16/F, No. 99 Tai Ho Road, Tsuen Wan, N.T.
abusers
Areas served Tsuen Wan and Kwai Tsing
Tel & Fax Tel: 2402 1010 Fax: 2614 2695
Website http://www.sanecentre.net/express
Organisation Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui Welfare Council Limited, Hong Kong
Sheng Kung Hui Welfare Council, Neo-Horizon
Address G/F, Chung Kwan House, Chung On Estate, Ma On Shan, Shatin, N.T.
abusers
102
Areas served Sha Tin
Tel & Fax Tel : 8202 1313 Fax : 2633 9331
Website http://neoh.skhwc.org.hk (Chinese website only)
Kong Synod Limited, Cheer Lutheran Centre
Address G/F, Ching Chung House, Ching Ho Estate, Sheung Shui, N.T.
abusers
Areas served Tai Po and North
Tel & Fax Tel: 2660 0400 Fax: 2662 0444
Website http://cheer-ccpsa.hklss.hk/ (Chinese website only)
Organisation Caritas – Hong Kong, Caritas HUGS Centre

Address Unit 41-44, G/F, Hing Shing House, Tai Hing Estate, Tuen Mun, N.T.
abusers
Areas served Tuen Mun
Tel & Fax Tel: 2453 7030 Fax: 2453 7031
Website http://hugs.caritas.org.hk (Chinese website only)
Organisation ELCHK, Social Service Head Office, ELCHK, Enlighten Centre

Address Unit 102, 1/F, Ting Ching Amenity and Community Building, Tin Ching
Estate, Tin Shui Wai, Yuen Long, N.T.
abusers
Areas served Yuen Long
Tel & Fax Tel : 2446 9226 Fax :2446 9456
Website http://ec.elchk.org.hk/ (Chinese website only)
※ Source of information: provided by respective organisations.
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Chapter 4 Home-School-Community Partnership
4.1 Introduction
Parents have a unique knowledge and understanding of their children, being their
first and most influential educators. Home-school cooperation is thus important to the
educational outcome of children. Much research has concluded that active parental
communication with schools is one of the key variables associated with school
effectiveness. The more effective involvement the parents are with their children’s
schooling, the more the children are likely to do well. To keep in pace with the
educational development and strengthen the sense of responsibilities of the younger
generation, both parents and teachers need to acquire and improve their skills in
working with one another.
Schools should take the initiative to enhance home-school cooperation and

communicate with parents. With their initiation, this would assist in deepening
home-school cooperation. Through diversified network, the school can enrich
students’ learning experiences and facilitate their whole person development, who will
serve the community in future. The active participation of the school head and staff in
community activities will foster stronger ties with the community, which will bring
about positive image for the school concerned.
An effective home-school-community partnership will allow schools to tap more

fully into the resources of other stakeholders in the community in order to enrich the
quality of education offered. Furthermore, it will facilitate better co-ordination of
these resources for the promotion of students’ development in their life-long learning.
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4.2 Roles and responsibilities of parents
In the belief that strengthening the roles and responsibilities of parents will
enhance home-school cooperation, the following paragraphs give an overview of the
roles and responsibilities of parents:
1. As partners of the school, parents’ roles should include:

a. playing an active role in the education of their children;
b. understanding the learning, and physical and mental development of their children;
c. showing an active interest in their children’s schooling;
d. participating in activities related to the education of their children;
e. providing active support to the school in understanding more about parents’
expectations;
f. co-operating with the school and other parents in the interests of their children’s
education;
g. joining Parent-Teacher Association (PTA) of the school and actively participating
in home-school activities;
h. understanding the school vision and mission and playing an active role in
communicating with schools;
i. be supportive to school’s implementation of educationally desirable policies;
j. be aware of their rights and responsibilities in relation to the education of their
children and to become school’s assets for the school’s smooth operation; and
k. providing opinions and suggestions for school improvement.
2. As clients of the school, the responsibilities of parents should include:
a. understanding the learning process of their children;
b. understanding the operation of the school;
c. appreciating the child’s performance at school;
d. understanding the assessment mechanism of the school; and
e. exploring other matters related to the educational development of their children.
3. As joint-decision-makers of the school, parents should:
a. vote in or stand for the election of parent managers on the SMC; and
b. put forward views about what the school is doing and make suggestions on how it
should be run.
4. As home-educators, parents should:
a. provide basic care and guidance towards the good behaviour and habits for the
whole person development of their children; and
105
b. keep school staff informed of their children’s progress and significant events that
may affect their children’s learning.
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4.3 Home-School partnership
4.3.1 Policy and opportunities for parental participation

1. To develop a home-school cooperation policy
Schools should develop their own policy to promote the role of parents in school
affairs, including parental participation in decision-making. An open and inviting
school atmosphere will certainly encourage parents to participate in the school’s affairs
and help foster mutual trust. In drawing up the policy, the SMC has to consider the
needs of the students and build on the strengths of the school.
2. To provide opportunities for parental participation
There are sundry ways of involving parents in the education of their children on a
regular or ad hoc basis. Common practices that involve them in the day-to-day school
work include:
a. assisting students with their class activities;
b. adjudicating in student competitions;
c. helping in school functions/ ceremonies;
d. coaching for extra-curricular activities; and
e. assisting in the preparation of teaching aids and other non-teaching tasks.
Schools may also invite parents to serve on school committees, in particular those
relating to student affairs, such as school bus committees, student discipline
committees, tuckshop committees and fund-raising committees. Such involvement
allows parents to join hands with teachers in contributing their ideas, experience and
resources for improving school operations.
Parents can also serve on the SMC as managers to raise their concerns and give
advice on the education that students receive. Partnership with parents in school
governance will provide management with wider perspectives and better knowledge
when making decisions.
The spirit of SBM is thus realized through the broadening involvement of key
stakeholders (including parents and the community) in school education. In particular,
the process of decentralization from EDB to SMCs and SMCs in turn sharing this
decision-making power with other key stakeholders will harness the support of the
community for bottom-up initiatives pertinent to the needs of individual schools.
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4.3.2 Means of effective communication
It is important that there are channels for two-way communication between
schools and parents. The following are some examples:
1. To develop a climate and setting conducive to home-school cooperation

Schools should instill a warm atmosphere to encourage parents to visit and attend
school functions. Parents should be made to feel that their presence is welcome and
their involvement appreciated. In interviews related to children’s problems, there
should be sensitivity to parents’ feelings and respect for their points of view.
Moreover, schools should take care to protect the privacy of students and parents.
Suitable rooms can be arranged for interviews and meetings. Space permitting, schools
may also consider designating an activity room/ meeting area to conduct various
home-school activities. Such moves will build up the goodwill which is a prerequisite
for effective home-school partnership.
2. To facilitate the communication between parents and school personnel
To a large extent, the quality of home-school cooperation hinges on teachers and
staff having active contacts with parents. The school personnel should be trained and
encouraged to enhance communication with parents whole-heartedly to establish an
ambience in school with mutual appreciation and respect.
3. To set up a parents’ network
a. Another useful idea is for the school/ class teacher to build up a network for
parents so that the problems related to children’s development can be solved
through support and help among themselves. The parents’ network will also help
the school to promulgate the principles underlying their policies and gain direct
access to parents’ views.
b. Parents may also be encouraged to form small groups for experience-sharing on
parenting and guidance to students.
c. On a more formal level, the establishment of a PTA serves as an official channel
for communication between the school and parents, for example parents’ views
can be solicited in the formulation of school policies. Parent representatives will
be elected from members of the PTA to serve as managers on the SMC. For
information regarding the setting up of a PTA, please visit the “Committee on
Home-School Co-operation” website.
d. Furthermore, parents’ network can be extended to the community through active
participation in the programmes organized by the Federations of Parent-Teacher
Associations so that they can learn and support each other. For relevant
information, please visit the “Committee on Home-School Co-operation” website.
4. To keep parents well informed
a. A more transparent and accountable management means better school
management. Hence, schools should provide parents with regular up-to-date
school information, including curriculum matters and major school development
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items. Difficulties encountered when implementing various initiatives should be
adequately communicated so that parents may render support.
b. The information can be disseminated through newsletters, parents’ meetings and
the school’s homepage on the Internet. A list of school information and
documents to be provided for parents is suggested as follows:
 School Development Plan, Annual School Plan and School Report
 Procedures for dealing with student matters (typhoon and heavy rain, traffic
arrangements in bad weather, school rules, reward/ punishment system, sick leave
reporting system, channels/ arrangements for parent-school communication)
 School calendar and holiday list
 A statement of school fees, and scholarship schemes if any. A list of all other
approved collections
 A financial statement (at the end of the school year) of the expenses related to
collections for specific purposes and also every incident of fund-raising activities
for school purposes
 Means of communication between schools and parents
 Other relevant information e.g. information on schools’ current development can
be retrieved from the “Profiles of Kindergartens and Kindergarten cum Child Care
Centres”, “Primary School Profiles”, “Secondary School Profiles” and “Special
School Profiles”. Schools are held responsible for the information they provided
in the school profiles. These profiles can be retrieved from the “Committee on
Home-School Co-operation” website.
c. It is also a common practice for schools to publish school brochures for parents
and the public. The following are the suggested items to be included in the
brochures:
 School history, motto/ mission, etc.
 Enrolment
 Class organization
 Teacher - student ratio
 Profile of the teaching staff (including qualifications and experience)
 Admission policy and application procedures
 Curriculum policies
 Time-tabling arrangements (including the summer timetable or examination
arrangements)
 Homework policy
 Medium of instruction
 Extra-curricular activities
 School facilities
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 Long-term plan and brief summary of the annual school plan for the following
year, highlighting the major concerns of the year and the arrangements to achieve
the school goals (Please note that the Annual School Plan in full should be
available on the school’s website.)
 Activities of school’s PTA or matters in relation to home-school cooperation
 Other distinctive features
4.3.3 Parent education programmes
Schools or the PTA may organise parent education programmes with the help of
social workers, counselors, the community and relevant government departments.
Due emphasis should be placed on parenting and communication skills. Not only will
this enrich parents’ knowledge and skills, they will also be more confident and have a
wider perspective when they have a thorough understanding on school/ educational
matters. In organising parent education programmes, schools may, apart from
deploying the school resources, apply for the Home-School Co-operation Grants, the
Quality Education Fund, and collaborate with Non-Governmental Organisations.
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4.4 Strategies for handling complaints
Parents and members of the community may have diverging views on school
policies or criticisms relating to the performance of individual staff. It is desirable
that all views and criticisms, whether lodged orally or in writing, anonymous or
otherwise, be dealt with at an early stage lest the situation should escalate. These
cases should be handled with care and sensitivity. The SMC should look into all
complaints against staff and school administration and take appropriate follow-up
actions afterwards.
EDB launched “the Project on Enhancement of Complaint Management in

Schools” in the form of a pilot project between the 2012/13 and 2014/15 school years.
The participating schools were assisted to establish a fair, just and transparent
mechanism, namely the “Enhanced School Complaint Management Arrangements”, for
handling complaints relating to their daily operation and internal affairs lodged by
parents, students or members of the public. In view of the positive evaluation results
of the pilot project, the “Enhanced School Complaint Management Arrangements” was
launched in all public sector and Direct Subsidy Scheme schools by phases and has
been fully implemented since 1 September 2017. For details, please refer to the
“Project on Enhancement of Complaint Management in Schools” webpage.
4.4.1 Guidelines on handling complaints

1. Set up clear and efficient complaint handling procedures
a. There should be clear procedures that are
 simple to operate, with clearly defined stages of investigation and responsibilities;
 efficient, offering expeditious action and resolution within pre-determined or
pledged time limits;
 objective and free from undue influence or interference; and
 confidential so as to protect the privacy of the personnel concerned, including the
complainant.
b. The SMC should formulate these procedures in consultation with teachers and
parents so that they are acceptable to all parties concerned. All procedures so
formulated should be made known to and understood by all parents and members
of staff.
2. Assign suitable post(s) to deal with complaints
a. Suitable person(s) should be assigned to deal with complaints. All staff are
required to report complaints to the assigned person(s). Depending on the nature
and implications of the complaint, the SMC or its authorized team (not a single
person) will deal with it.
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b. Any staff member who is the subject of a particular complaint should not handle
the case concerned, supervise the investigation, or sign any correspondence to be
directed to the complainant.
c. Where a complaint involves persons known in their private capacity to a staff
member responsible for handling the case, or concerns matters in which the staff
member has a vested interest, he/she should declare interest. If a case of conflict
or potential conflict of interest is established, the staff member concerned should
be denied further access to any information relating to that complaint.
d. To avoid possible conflict of interest, the staff and related individuals designated
to handle the case should declare interest to the school authority.
3. Respond to the complainants readily
The school should respond promptly to complaints. In the case of a complaint
reported in the mass media, the school should respond to both the complainant and the
media expeditiously. Para. 4.4.2 gives schools more suggestions on how to deal with
situations when complaints are reported by the media. Complainants should be
advised of the person to contact if they would like to enquire about the progress of the
investigation. When it is anticipated that the investigation cannot be completed within
a short time, an interim reply reporting the progress made should be issued to the
complainant. After the investigation, the complainant should be informed of the
result as soon as possible, including the remedial actions taken and/or to be introduced.
4. Make referral whenever necessary
When there is suspicion of corruption or other criminal offence, the SMC should
refer the case to the ICAC or police for further investigation.
5. Solicit suggestions from the complainants
The complainants should be encouraged to suggest ways for improvement. If the
problem has been fully discussed in a positive way, both the school and the
complainant will have a better understanding of each other, thus inculcating a culture of
collaboration.
6. Keep confidentiality for all complaint cases
All complaints should be dealt with in the strictest confidence. Information
should be confined to those person(s) responsible for the investigation. The
investigator(s) should avoid disclosing any information to other members of the school
or even their spouse.
7. Document the information properly
Complaints are valuable pieces of information for reflection and review of existing
policies and practices. As such, they should be recorded properly for future reference
when deliberating on improvement or preventive measures. The SMC should
maintain a register of complaints, monitor progress and enquire about outstanding cases
at appropriate intervals. Upon closure of a particular case, a concise report containing
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the findings, recommendations and follow-up actions (if any) should be filed in the
school complaint register.
8. Provide a channel for appeal
The complainant has the right to appeal to the SMC if he/she is not satisfied with
the result of the investigation. However, he/she should be prepared to provide solid
reason(s) and documentary support.
4.4.2 Dealing with the media and public bodies
Complainants may sometimes approach the media or public bodies for assistance.
When the complaint is reported in the media or referred by outside bodies such as the
ICAC and the Consumer Council, the situation will be more complex. The SMC must
stay calm and exercise tact lest the case should have a detrimental effect on the
school’s image. The following paragraphs outline some hints for schools and many of
the principles in Para. 4.4.1 are also relevant:
1. Credibility
Preferably, such incidents are to be handled by the SMC direct. Should the SMC
decide to delegate school staff to handle the investigation, the authorized team should
comprise senior management staff. Lay members or parent representatives may also
be invited so as to gain public confidence.
2. Communication
a. The investigation team may arrange meeting(s) to discuss matters with the
complainants or their representatives or the referring party, so as to obtain a clear
picture of what the complaint is about in the first instance.
b. The SMC should make sure that all staff are fully informed of the incident and
watch out for the spread of negative feelings among the staff.
3. Support
The SMC may consider seeking third party support on professional issues, for
instance, psychologists and solicitors.
4. Good public relations practices
a. To ensure consistency in the messages conveyed, there should be a spokesperson
for the school authority to answer the public or mass media. This person must be
in the full picture regarding the case and familiar with the school’s policies and
operation.
b. The school should give a quick response to the public about the complaint, that is,
the school may announce what actions it has taken or the preliminary investigation
results within one or two days.
c. The SMC should decide on further actions, such as arranging press releases, or
giving the complainant or referring party interim replies at appropriate intervals in
the course of the investigation.
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d. In giving information to the press, the SMC should consider whether there will be
any legal implications. The information should be clear and to the point. The
SMC should observe the relevant provisions in the Personal Data (Privacy)
Ordinance and ensure that the information so released is, to the best of its
knowledge, correct and unbiased.
5. Review
Upon the completion of a case, the SMC should evaluate the whole matter, in
particular the public relations strategy employed. Conclusions should be drawn from
the incident so that improvement may be made in ways to tackle similar complaints in
future. All such incidents, including the evaluation, should be recorded.
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4.5 District and community resources
4.5.1 Regional Education Offices

Four Regional Education Offices (REOs) provide comprehensive and integrated
services to schools and the public. The REO positions itself to take a lead in
education development in its region. It is responsible for, and responsive to, the needs
of students, teachers, schools and other stakeholders it serves. The main duties of
REOs are as follows:
1. enhancing school development;
2. networking teachers/ schools at the district level for dissemination of good
practices and experience-sharing with a view to promoting quality education;
3. implementing education policies;
4. overseeing the quality of education in schools and providing professional support
to schools on administration matters as well as learning and teaching;
5. handling matters relating to closure and reprovisioning of schools;
6. regulating kindergartens and other private schools; and
7. providing other services, including handling public enquiries and complaints,
providing placement services to students in need, etc.
4.5.2 Government departments
A number of government departments provide resources and support for
district-based activities regarding youth work, family services and health issues.
1. Home Affairs Bureau
a. The Commission on Youth

The Commission on Youth encourages better cooperation among Government
departments, voluntary agencies, district organisations and private organisations
that provide service to youth.
b. Family Council
The Family Council is an advisory body to the Government. The Council
actively promotes family core values, namely “love and care”, “respect and
responsibility” and “communication and harmony”. The attainment of these core
values will help foster greater harmony among families and the community. The
“Happy Family Info Hub” is established to promote a culture of loving families.
It provides links to a wide array of family-related information.
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2. The Hong Kong Police Force
Police School Liaison Programme (PSLP)

The Hong Kong Police Force first introduced a school liaison programme in
1974. Currently, there are 48 (*) School Liaison Officers [SLO] and 69 School
Liaison Officers (Secondary) [SLO(S)] under the Police School Liaison
Programme. Objectives are as follows:
a. to establish a good relationship between the police and the school community -
children, teachers and parents;
b. on the basis of this relationship, to give school children an understanding of the
role of the police and a respect for law and order;
c. to make school children aware of various dangers which they may encounter, such
as the dangers of involvement in crime, drug abuse, triad association, hooliganism,
sexual temptations and abuse and road traffic etc.;
d. to alert school children and school authorities to the need for crime prevention in
all its aspects;
e. to instil a sense of discipline and positive values in school children at risk through
group or individual discussions with them;
f. to refer suitable cases to the relevant multi-agency programme for follow-up action,
in consultation with the social workers, school management and parents; and
g. to act as the focal point of contact on behalf of the Police Community Relations
Officer between local Police and the District Social Welfare Office as well as the
school management.
(*) A School Liaison Officer is established and attached in Police Public Relations
Branch. The duties are to conduct and co-ordinate necessary matters relating to
SLOs / SLO(S)s, to maintain close contact and liaison with them in order to
promote and execute the Police School Liaison Programme (PSLP) related under
the policy directions.
Roles of School Liaison Officers and School Liaison Officers (Secondary)

include:
a. advise school management on the enforcement of the law in regard to unruly
behaviour of students in the school;
b. conduct group/ individual discussion with school children at risk to instil a sense
of discipline and positive values in them;
c. after discussion with the school management and parents, refer suitable cases to
the relevant multi-agency programme for follow-up action; and
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d. give lectures on crime related topics including drugs, triad and other relevant
issues to strengthen students' awareness in various crimes with a view to
preventing them from falling into preys of bad elements.
3. Independent Commission Against Corruption
a. Services provided by Community Relations Department

 produces moral education packages for secondary / primary schools and
kindergartens which dovetail with the curriculum;
 produces moral education e-books and cartoons with anti-corruption messages for
young kids;
 produces parenting books and videos to support parents and educators the teaching
of positive values to young kids;
 organises learning projects for students on the importance of upholding positive
values;
 disseminates anti-corruption messages to students in secondary schools and tertiary
institutions through various means, such as interactive dramas, and talks on
personal and professional ethics;
 jointly organises territory-wide projects with schools, tertiary institutions and youth
related organisations to engage young people in promoting probity messages;
 maintains a “Moral Education Website” to facilitate teachers’ access to moral
education resources produced by the ICAC; and
 operates a youth website “iTeen Camp” that inculcates positive values in the
younger generation.
b. Services provided by Corruption Prevention Department

 provides free and confidential corruption prevention advisory services to schools;
 develops best practice checklists to help schools strengthen their governance
structure and build in appropriate internal control measures in their daily
operations;
 collaborates with the Education Bureau to conduct thematic corruption prevention
seminars for schools; and
 operates the “Corruption Prevention Advisory Service” web portal to provide
information on corruption prevention.
4. Department of Health
a. The Department of Health safeguards the health of the community through
promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative services as well as fostering
community partnership and international collaboration. For more information,
please visit the following websites:
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 “Department of Health”
 “Centre for Health Protection”
 “School Dental Service”
 “Student Health Service”
b. The Department of Health, together with the Education Bureau and the Leisure
and Cultural Services Department, also organises the “[email protected]
Campaign” for kindergartens and child care centres to create an environment that
is conducive to healthy living in schools. For more information, please visit the
“[email protected] Campaign” website.
5. Social Welfare Department

a. The Social Welfare Department, through subvented Non-Governmental
Organisations, provides a continuum of preventive, developmental and remedial
welfare services to young people aged between 6 and 24 to address their
multifarious and changing needs in a holistic and integrated mode of service and
nurture our youths to become responsible and contributing members of society.
b. The Social Welfare Department has also developed a comprehensive network of

welfare services to cater for family needs through the provision of a continuum of
preventive, supportive and remedial services with objectives to preserve and
strengthen family as a unit, to develop caring interpersonal relationships, to enable
individuals and family members to prevent personal and family problems and to
provide suitable services to meet needs that cannot be adequately met within the
family.
c. For details of youth work and family services, please refer to the “Services for
Young People” and “Family and Child Welfare” webpages of the Social Welfare
Department.
6. Environmental Protection Department
a. Hong Kong Green School Award (HKGSA)

 The Environmental Campaign Committee (ECC), the Environmental Protection
Department (EPD) and the Education Bureau (EDB) have jointly organised the
HKGSA since 2000. The Scheme is divided into Pre-school, Primary School and
Secondary School Categories.
 HKGSA aims to encourage schools to formulate a school environmental policy and
implement an environmental management plan towards a green school, enhance
environmental awareness, develop environmentally-friendly attitude and promote
green practices among school managers, teachers, non-teaching staff, students and
their families.
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 The assessment criteria for the Primary School and Secondary School Categories
are Environmental Policy and Campus Environment, Environmental Management
Measures, Environmental Education Plan and Implementation, and Environmental
Education Effectiveness.
 For details, please refer to the “ECC Schools Go Green” website.
b. Student Environmental Protection Ambassador Scheme (SEPAS)

 The ECC, the EPD and the EDB have jointly organised the SEPAS since 1995 for
all primary and secondary schools.
 SEPAS aims to develop in students a sense of responsibility towards the
environment, nurture leadership among them and encourage them to take positive
initiatives in improving the environment.
 The ECC provides Student Environmental Protection Ambassadors (SEPAs) with
Basic Environmental Badge (BEB) and Specific Environmental Badge training to
enable them to acquire basic environmental knowledge and skills, and in-depth
knowledge on specific environmental topics respectively.
 With a “train-the-trainer” approach, training for the BEB Assessment is organised
for teachers to train them to be Qualified Assessors of the BEB for their SEPAs.
 For details, please refer to the “ECC Schools Go Green” website.
c. Environment and Conservation Fund

 The Environment and Conservation Fund (ECF) provides funding support to local
non-profit making organisations and schools for the implementation of
environmental education programmes or activities and installation of green features,
such as green roof and renewable energy facilities, at their premises.
 These projects aim to enhance the environmental awareness and knowledge of the
participants, mobilise action and induce behavioural changes to improve the
environmental problems.
 Project applications are vetted by the Environmental Education and Community
Action Projects Vetting Subcommittee.
 The ECF also provides funding for on-site meal portioning projects with an aim to
reducing food waste and avoiding the use of disposable lunch boxes at schools.
The on-site meal portioning projects are vetted by the Waste Reduction Projects
Vetting Subcommittee.
 For details, please refer to the “ECF” website.
d. Environmental Resource Centres

 The Environmental Protection Department (EPD) has established 3 environmental
resource centres in Hong Kong as well as a mobile centre, namely:
 Fanling Environmental Resource Centre
 Wan Chai Environmental Resource Centre
 Lung Fu Shan Environmental Education Centre
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 Mobile Environmental Resource Centre (mainly visits schools, housing
estates and shopping centres)
 All centres offer a variety of educational displays, information and activities, each
with its own special attractions for public, schools and organisations to visit and
participate.
 The services provided by the centres mainly include:
 Guided visits;
 Green trial walks (Outdoor);
 Educational programmes and workshops; and/or
 Internet services.
 For details, please refer to the “EPD” website:
http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/news_events/events/events.html
7. Office for Film, Newspaper and Article Administration
a. Joins hands with other government departments and Non-Governmental

Organisations in organising public education programmes to protect youngsters
and children from the harmful effects of indecent and obscene articles. Major
activities organised or to be organised include:
 a Healthy Mobile Phone/Tablet Apps Contest to promote the use of healthy
applications in mobile phones or table computers;
 a Meritorious Website Contest to promote safe and smart use of the Internet;
 an educational drama tour to promote the Control of Obscene and Indecent
Articles Ordinance (COIAO) to students of primary and secondary schools;
 an Internet video contest to promote the healthy use of the Internet among
youngsters;
 a student ambassador training scheme to recruit students to help promote the
COIAO;
 a Healthy Comic Strip Contest to encourage youngsters to stay away from
unhealthy materials and electronic games; and
 a coding contest in 2017-18 to promote the COIAO among youngsters.
b. Conducts about 210 school talks and parental workshops each year to promote the
safe and smart use of the Internet, including the use of filtering software and the
distribution of free filtering software to parent participants.
4.5.3 Non-Governmental Organisations

1. The personnel of the Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), mostly
professionals in various fields, may have served the district for a long period of
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time. Their services will complement the educational services in the community.
Schools may consider working with the local NGOs in planning school activities
on civic education and social services.
2. Schools and NGOs working in collaboration can avoid duplication of effort and
teachers can, as a result, spend more time on the area of teaching and learning. In
participating in programmes organised by NGOs, schools may establish better
relations with the community. Their active participation in community activities
will enhance the image of the school, thereby gaining better community support.
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Chapter 5 Planning, School Self-evaluation and Budgeting
5.1 Introduction
The major sources of finance for aided schools are government subventions and
collections from parents/students. School Management Committee (SMC) is
therefore held accountable for ensuring effective use of resources and also the quality
of education services. The capacity of schools to plan their work strategically and
develop a culture of reflective practice is fundamental to their continuous development
and improvement. To these ends, schools should have formal and systematic
procedures in place to set out the development focuses with related strategies in the
School Development Plan for assigning work priorities, devising implementation
details in the Annual School Plan, allocating resources and evaluating results.
Furthermore, information about school activities within the academic year and the
School Report which can reflect the progress made and school performance should be
provided to the key stakeholders and the EDB.
For detailed information on the preparation of school plans and reports, schools
may refer to the following documents:
 Performance Indicators for Hong Kong Schools
 Guidelines on the Compilation of School Development Plan, Annual School Plan,
School Report: To Promote School Development and Accountability through
Strategic Planning
 Template:
 School Development Plan
 Annual School Plan
 School Report
For details of planning, school self-evaluation and reporting, schools may refer to
the following circular:
 EDBC011/2015: “Implementation of the Next Phase of the School Development
and Accountability Framework”
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5.2 School mission, philosophy and goals
It is of paramount importance for a school to define its mission, which is built

upon its philosophy and on which its goals are established. The philosophy states a
school’s beliefs; the mission defines a school’s intentions, and the goals are the specific
expressions of how the mission will be attained. Every school has its own unique
mission which needs to be defined and which should be addressed in the planning of its
annual programmes.
A school needs to express its mission, philosophy and goals in writing if they are
to be reviewed, understood, and put into practice by all members of the school
community. The mission statement defines the overall purpose of the school,
incorporating the beliefs, concepts and values on which the school’s policy and
programmes are based and the goals towards which the school’s efforts are directed.
All in all, the mission statement serves as a framework for everything the school does.
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5.3 Planning and School Self-Evaluation
The “School Development and Accountability framework” devised by the EDB in

the 2003/04 school year aims to promote systematic implementation of School
Self-evaluation (SSE) by integrating the process of “Planning-Implementation-
Evaluation” into the school development cycle. The ultimate aim is enhancement of
school development and improvement of students’ performance in learning.
Schools should embed SSE in school practice for strategic school planning, with a
sharp focus on learning and teaching and students’ whole-person development for
continuous school improvement. The School Development Plan (SDP), Annual
School Plan (ASP) and School Report (SR) are primarily a school’s working
documents in support of its development planning cycle. They should be based on the
school’s self-evaluation of its current state of performance, strengths and areas for
improvement, development priority and targets for improvement. Towards the end of
the school development planning cycle, schools should conduct a holistic review with
reference to the “Performance Indicators” framework and make use of the evaluation
findings to strategically plan for the next cycle of development.
Schools should invite school personnel to fully participate in drawing up the SDP,
ASP and SR. In this regard, the SMC should perform its guidance and monitoring
roles, and duly offer advice. Schools have to upload the SDP, ASP and SR, which
have been endorsed by the SMC, on their websites before the end of November.
5.3.1 School Development Plan

The purpose of the SDP is for the school to set out clear direction for development,
the major concerns, the targets, the time scale and a general outline of strategies, on the
basis of a holistic review on school performance, which are in line with the school’s
vision and mission and the education policy of the territory. The SDP is the blueprint
for school development. Through strategic planning, implementation and continuous
monitoring as well as evaluation of effectiveness, the ultimate aim of enhancing student
learning will be achieved. An SDP usually has a three-year developmental cycle, and
comprises the following key elements:
 School Vision and Mission
 Holistic Review
 Major Concerns
 Targets
 Time Scale
 A General Outline of Strategies
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5.3.2 Annual School Plan
The ASP is a concrete action plan for implementing the SDP. It enables school
personnel to have an understanding of the targets, strategies, success criteria, methods
of evaluation, time scale, people in charge, and resources required, of the major
concerns so that they can support the implementation. The ASP should incorporate
tasks promoting school development rather than a listing of routine tasks. Since the
ASP is an action plan at the school level, concrete implementation strategies of the
ASP should be set in the light of the major concerns and targets of the SDP. The key
elements of an ASP include the following:
 School Vision and Mission
 Major Concerns
 Targets
 Strategies
 Success Criteria
 Methods of Evaluation
 Time Scale
 People in Charge
 Resources Required
5.3.3 School Report
The SR should aim to provide an account of the effectiveness of school work and
the extent to which the school’s major concerns are achieved, with reference to data
analysis and evaluation results. By reflecting on past performance, it serves to inform
future planning and puts continuous improvement in action. The report should be
evidence-based and data-driven, and truly reflect the school’s achievements and areas
for improvement. The SR also provides a channel for the school to report to
stakeholders on the major tasks in various areas, thus enhancing accountability. The
key elements of an SR include the following:
 Our School
 Achievements and Reflection on Major Concerns
 Learning and Teaching
 Support for Student Development
 Student Performance
 Financial Summary
 Feedback on Future Planning
 Appendix
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5.3.4 Schedule for drawing up the School Development Plan, Annual
School Plan and School Report
Major activities
Suggested
timeframe The year of completion
Other years of SDP cycle
of SDP cycle
January to  Administer the Stakeholder
February Survey (SHS) as scheduled
by schools;
 Collection of the Key
Performance Measures
(KPM) data & other
evidence.
February to May  Submission to the EDB the

latest KPM and SHS data
via the E-platform for
School Development &
Accountability (ESDA).
(For details, please refer to
the relevant circular
memorandum issued by the
EDB.)
May to June  Schools are recommended  Schools are recommended

to conduct a holistic review, to conduct a review on the
the results of which can school’s major concerns as
serve as reference for the stipulated in the ASP; and
preparation of the next to gather related data and
SDP. information for evaluating
the effectiveness of the
major concerns.
July to August  Start to draft the SR;  Start to draft the SR;
 Schools can start to draw up  Schools can start to draw
the next SDP and ASP. up the next ASP.
Before  Schools should submit the  Schools should submit the

end-October SDP, ASP and SR to the ASP and SR to the SMC
SMC for endorsement. for endorsement.
Before end-  Upload the endorsed SDP,  Upload the endorsed ASP
November ASP, and SR onto the and SR onto the school’s
school’s website. website.
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5.4 Budgeting
A budget can be regarded as an expression of the school plan in monetary terms.

It provides information that facilitates a more effective cost benefit analysis and also
the SMC’s/ head’s control over school expenditure.
5.4.1 Principles of budgeting

1. As planning has to be conducted in the context of resources, budgeting serves to
match the school activities with the available resources, including finance, staff
time and space, etc.
2. The objectives of the school will determine which proposals should be given
priority. Hence, all those involved in the planning process should know the
criteria, targets and assumptions as well as the constraints in considering the
competing priorities.
5.4.2 Programme budgeting

1. Traditional budgets are prepared in which the income and expenditure are
classified by items as listed in the audited accounts. Programme budgeting
attempts to link all the resources needed to support a particular programme, such
as an individual subject.
2. The principal features of programme budgeting are that it relates to objectives and
outputs, and emphasizes the future and choice. In the school context, programme
budgeting reflects an educational plan. It attempts to enable a school to identify
its goals and to channel the resources into the individual programmes that meet its
goals.
3. Whilst every school has its own priorities and programme structure, the following
programmes should be included in the school budget:
a. Programmes related to the learning of languages;
b. Support services for students to cope with their diverse needs;
c. Staff training and development programmes; and
d. Home-school-community programmes.
5.4.3 Budgeting process
1. Schools should establish formal procedures for preparing the budget, for
monitoring the use of resources and for ensuring that all financial and
non-financial information is available at appropriate times. Computers together
with appropriate software under SAMS will assist schools in the resources
allocation exercise.
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2. The key procedures are the following:
a. identification of school goals;
b. determination of policies and priorities;
c. identification of programme budgets;
d. estimation of resources needed;
e. estimation of resources available;
f. examination of expenditure trends/ past performance;
g. allocation of resources, including provision for contingency;
h. approval of school budget;
i. informing staff with financial responsibilities of their programme budgets
approved and any constraints imposed;
j. informing stakeholders of the approved budget;
k. monitoring of the school budget;
l. review and amendment of the budget; and
m. evaluation and report.
3. The SMC may consider establishing a resource committee to vet the budget and
make recommendations for the SMC’s approval. The membership of the
committee must be endorsed by the SMC and views of teachers should be
considered in the process. Generally speaking, the school head and the deputy
heads should serve on the committee. Other managers and teachers may also be
appointed as necessary.
4. A summary budget should be prepared which comprises the summaries of all

anticipated receipts and payments required for the operation of each programme
budget.
5. The expenditure should be monitored against the approved budget by the relevant
staff member in-charge-of the programme throughout the year. SMCs may
require the submission of a position report comparing the actual income and
expenditure with the approved budget at regular intervals for scrutiny and
monitoring. Appropriate action should be taken during the year to deal with
variations between actual and budgeted income and expenditure.
6. Aided IMC schools should read in conjunction with Section 4 of the “Guide to
Financial Management for Aided Schools Operated by Incorporated Management
Committees”.
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Chapter 6 School Finance Matters
6.1 Introduction
1. The autonomy and flexibility accorded to schools under school-based management

encompass the use of moneys. Starting from 2000/01 school year, the increased
flexibility takes the form of the Operating Expenses Block Grant (OEBG), which
gives schools greater control over their operating expenses in the achievement of
school-based objectives. For aided IMC schools, it is disbursed in the form of
Expanded Operating Expenses Block Grant (EOEBG).
2. The SMC is responsible for establishing a proper framework, putting in place

formal procedures for financial planning, monitoring and evaluation of results, to
ensure that the government subventions are applied in accordance with the ambits
of the grants and the objectives and priorities outlined in the school plan.
Schools are expected to exercise due care, diligence and economy to ensure that
the expenditure does not exceed the approved budget and that funds are spent in
the most cost-effective manner and in the best interests of student learning.
3. The management of financial resources should be guided by the principles of

prudence and propriety. Proper checks and balances need to be established to
safeguard the use of funds. For this purpose, schools have to give due regard to
enhancing the accountability and transparency of their operations, which includes
relating the school budget to the annual school plan and publishing the audited
financial statement in the annual report. Furthermore, accounting and internal
control systems and procedures should be developed to bring all income and
expenditure into proper account, and there should be a mechanism for reporting to
the various stakeholders on the use of funds.
4. This section gives an overview of the financial resources available to schools and
highlights practices that facilitate the development of an appropriate framework
for financial administration and control within schools. The recommended
practices or procedures as described in the following paragraphs are not however
meant to be exhaustive. Schools should always follow the circulars about
financial management issued by EDB and ensure that adequate internal control
procedures are put in place having regard to their own circumstances.
5. Aided IMC schools should also read the “Guide to Financial Management for
Aided Schools Operated by Incorporated Management Committees”.
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6.2 School Revenue
6.2.1 Government subventions

1. In general, over 90% of the operating expenses of aided schools are met from
government grants. Such a provision enables an aided school to provide
education of a standard acceptable to the Permanent Secretary for Education
(PSEd). Grants received by schools comprise the following:
2. Recurrent Grants, which include, inter alia
a. Salaries Grant
The grant consists of
 the approved salaries and allowances of the staff of the school;
 the payment to supply staff substituting for staff on approved leave in accordance
with the COA; and
 long service payment and severance payment in accordance with the Employment
Ordinance.
This grant enables schools to pay salaries to the following categories of staff
subject to the approved establishment
 all teaching staff;
 specialist staff;
 laboratory technicians in secondary schools and special schools;
 non-teaching staff
 excluding clerical and janitor staff in secondary schools
 excluding clerical and janitor staff in primary schools and special schools
which have opted for Administration Grant
 excluding janitor staff in primary schools and special schools which have
opted for the Revised Administration Grant
Please also refer to EDBC010/2015 “Payment of Salaries Grant for Teaching Staff
and Non-teaching Staff in Aided Schools”.
b. Operating Expenses Block Grant (OEBG)

 The OEBG covers most recurrent grants, except for the Salaries Grant and those
disbursed on an actual claim or reimbursement basis.
 The OEBG comprises the General Domain and Special Domain, and their key
features are as follows:
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General Domain Special Domain
Allocations of the Can be flexibly deployed Cannot be vired among
constituent grants constituent grants
Use of surpluses Can be retained or Can be retained, but not
deployed to top up deployed to meet other
expenditure of purposes, except for meeting
constituent grants in the the existing contractual
Special Domain obligation to the continued
employment of the janitor/
clerical staff paid by
Administration Grant/ Revised
Administration Grant provided
that the conditions set out in
section 4.9 of the “OEBG User
Guide” are met.
Retention of Up to 12 months’ provision of the OEBG
surplus
 In exercising the funding flexibility, schools should ensure that the total
expenditure is kept within the amount of the OEBG. Any deficit will have to be
met by the school’s own fund.
 Details of the constituent grants of OEBG & EOEBG are at Appendices 1 & 2
respectively.
 For more details, please refer to EDBCM138/2018 “Operating Expenses Block
Grant, Expanded Operating Expenses Block Grant and Composite Furniture and
Equipment Grant for Aided Schools for the 2018/19 School Year”.
c. Subsidies for employers’ contribution to the Provident Funds
 This grant covers the employers’ contribution towards the two statutory provident
funds for teaching staff as required under the Subsidized Schools Provident Fund
Rules and the Grant Schools Provident Fund Rules, and also the contribution
towards provident fund or occupational retirement schemes exempted from the
Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance (MPFSO) or in accordance with
the provisions of the MPFSO for staff paid from the Salaries Grant and
Administration Grant/Revised Administration Grant.
 Regarding the funding arrangements for retirement benefits of staff in the aided
and caput schools after the introduction of the Mandatory Provident Fund Scheme
in 2000, please refer to EDBC048/2000 on “Funding of Retirement Benefits Upon
Introduction of the Mandatory Provident Fund Scheme”.
 For the payment arrangement, please refer to EDBC010/2015 “Payment of
Salaries Grant for Teaching Staff and Non-teaching Staff in Aided Schools” and
EDBC006/2010 “Payment and Accounting Arrangements for Subsidy for
Employer’s Provident Fund/Mandatory Provident Fund Contributions in respect of
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Staff in Aided Schools Employed under Administration Grant/ Revised
Administration Grant”.
d. Subsidy of rent, rates and Government rent
The Government provides subsidy to eligible schools for the payment of rent, rates
and Government rent in respect of premises used for school purposes.
Procedures for the payment of subsidy are outlined in EDBC014/2007 “Refund of
Rates and Government Rent”.
e. Composite Furniture and Equipment Grant (CFEG)
The CFEG provides schools with greater flexibility in the use of resources for the
purchase of major Furniture and Equipment items. In this regard, schools should
set their spending priorities and allocations in line with the objectives and policies
laid down by their SMC/IMC. For details, please refer to EDBCM138/2018
“Operating Expenses Block Grant, Expanded Operating Expenses Block Grant and
Composite Furniture and Equipment Grant for Aided Schools for the 2018/19
School Year”.
f. Passage Grant
g. Various cash grants to meet special education purposes
3. Non-recurrent Grants
a. Capital Cost for Building, and related Furniture and Equipment Subsidy
 These grants may cover the costs of the construction of new school premises for
reprovisioning, extension and redevelopment of existing schools and the costs of
fully furnishing and equipping the schools to the approved scales and standards.
 For redevelopment and reprovisioning cases, and extension to existing schools:
The Government shall provide a subsidy for furnishing and equipping the School
to the required standard. The maximum government subsidy may be adjusted by
deducting the total amount of serviceable furniture and equipment items in the
existing school.
 For cases other than the above (including cases involving allocation of vacant
school premises for purpose other than whole-day conversion): The SSB shall
donate to the IMC a sum, which shall exclude any subsidy from the Government
and other incomes of the School, equivalent to the costs of furnishing and
equipping the School to standards as recommended by the Government.
 For special schools, the construction as well as the furniture and equipment costs
are usually borne by the Government.
 An approval letter specifying the approval ceiling of the non-recurrent subsidy for
furniture and equipment arising from the reprovisioning and redevelopment, and
extension of existing schools will be issued by EDB.
b. Furniture and Equipment Grant
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 Non-recurrent subsidy for furniture and equipment is provided for replacement and
additional furniture and equipment requiring a subsidy of not more than $500,000
each and that is not covered by the recurrent Composite Furniture and Equipment
Grant.
c. Grant for repairs, maintenance, minor improvements and emergency repairs
 Expenditure on routine inspection, maintenance and minor repairs should be
charged to the School and Class Grant under OEBG.
 For details of application for major repairs and emergency repairs, please refer to
Chapter 8.5 “Maintenance of school premises”.
d. Removal Allowance
e. Various one-off or initial grants for special projects/ initiatives
4. Settlement of claims
a. Unless otherwise specified by EDB, schools’ claims for payment of grants must be
supported by valid and original documents such as demand notes, certified
receipted bills, invoices, or original copies of architects’ certificates.
b. Circular on year-end arrangements for claiming recurrent and non-recurrent grants
will be issued to schools before the end of the financial year, normally in
December or January. Supervisors and school heads are required to follow the
arrangements strictly.
c. The preceding paragraphs describe in brief the major grants provided to aided
schools. Schools should refer to the COA and the relevant circulars issued by
EDB for the terms and conditions of payment and for details of payment
arrangements.
6.2.2 Other sources of school income

1. Other sources of school income and the conditions/ requirements for generating
such income are as follows:
a. Subscriptions (Tong Fai)

 No subscriptions to be charged from P1 to S3 except with the permission of PSEd.
 Ceiling rate stipulated for S4 to S6.
 PSEd’s approval is required for collection of subscriptions in excess of the ceiling
rate.
 Planned use of Tong Fai and the actual expenditure should be made known to
parents.
 For details, please refer to EDBC006/2008 “Arrangements for School Fees and
Tong Fai”.
b. Collection of other charges
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 Collections within the approved list and approved ceilings at SMC’s full discretion.
Any fee collections or charges above the ceiling rates of those listed in Appendix 3
should have PSEd’s prior approval.
 Aided schools with IMC should also refer to Sections 3.4, 6.2(iii) & 6.3(d) of the
“Guide to Financial Management for Aided Schools Operated by Incorporated
Management Committees”.
c. Collections for specific purposes
 Subject to parents’ consent.
 Approval of PSEd not required for collection within the approved limit.
 Detailed procedures at Appendix 4.
 Aided schools with IMC should refer to Sections 3.4, 6.2(iii) & 6.3(d) of the
“Guide to Financial Management for Aided Schools Operated by Incorporated
Management Committees”.
d. Fund-raising
 For the purpose of R66 of the Education Regulations, PSEd has given schools the
permission since September 1999 to conduct the following fund-raising activities:
Activities Points to note

Raise funds for  Documentary proof of the status of these
approved charitable institutions should be obtained.
institutions or trusts of a  Schools should be satisfied that the organizers
public character exempt have obtained approval from respective
from taxes under competent authorities as appropriate.
Section 88 of the Inland  Observe the accounting requirements stipulated
Revenue Ordinance. in point 3 of Para. 6.5.2.
Raise funds for  Documentary proof of PSEd’s approval should
organizations be obtained.
specifically approved by  Schools should be satisfied that the organizers
the PSEd under have obtained approval from respective
Regulation 66(1) of the competent authorities as appropriate.
Education Regulations.  Observe the accounting requirements stipulated
in point 3 of Para. 6.5.2.
Raise funds for own  Obtain approval from respective competent
school purposes. authorities as appropriate.
 Observe the accounting requirements stipulated
in point 3 of Para. 6.5.2.
Allow students to assist  Obtain prior consent from parents.
in fund raising activities  Schools should be satisfied that the organizers
outside school premises. have well planned-out safety measures.
 For the arrangement of selling flags, please refer
to Para. 3.4.5.
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 PSEd has also given permission to those approved charitable institutions or trusts
of a public character exempt from taxes under Section 88 of the Inland Revenue
Ordinance (Cap. 112) for appealing to pupils for subscriptions and/ or making
collection among pupils in schools. However, other organizations which intend
to raise funds in schools must seek prior approval from PSEd. Approval from
other competent authorities is required, depending on the nature and form of
activities. A reference list of related requirements is at Appendix 5.
 Participation of students or donations by students in fund-raising activities must be
on an entirely voluntary basis. In communication with parents, the intended
purposes of the fund-raising activity should be explicitly specified and there must
be no suggestion that there is any connection between a student’s or an applicant’s
standing and the contributions the parents might make, nor should any particular
amount be suggested. Schools are also reminded to observe the Prevention of
Bribery Ordinance (Cap. 201) currently in force.
 Aided schools with IMC should refer to Section 6.3(c) of the “Guide to Financial
Management for Aided Schools Operated by Incorporated Management
Committees”.
e. Donations
 Principles stipulated in relevant circulars to be adhered to.
 PSEd’s prior approval required for donations involving recurrent expenditure from
government funds.
 Acceptance of donation should be approved by SMC.
 Schools are required to register details of all donations and record them in the
School Report.
f. Hiring charges of school premises
 Recommended rates stipulated in the “Guidelines for Levying Charges for Hire of
Accommodation in Aided Schools”.
 In general, no organization should make use of the facilities in an aided school
without being charged, as this represents a hidden subsidy to the organization.
 For details, please refer to EDBC005/2011 “Hire of Accommodation in Aided
Schools”.
2. Schools should comply with Part IX of the Education Regulations regarding “Fees
and Collections”.
3. Transparency in school operation may require the involvement of parents, teachers,

and students, where appropriate, in the following processes:
a. approval of the school budget and the school plan;
b. vetting proposals on fund-raising activities, trading operations and making
collections, etc.; and
135
c. committee work overseeing the conduct of fund-raising activities, trading
operations and collections, etc.
4. The fees certificate or approval letter or list of approved collections, if applicable,
should be displayed at a prominent place on the school premises.
5. Funds in the Subscriptions Account, General Funds Account or Capital Reserve

Fund Account shall be expended to meet educational and school needs. The
guiding principle in all decisions is that the interests of students must come first.
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6.3 Trading Operations
1. In handling trading operations in aided schools, please refer to

EDBC010/2016 “Trading Operations in Schools” and the “Reference Materials
on Trading Operations” webpage.
2. Aided schools without IMCs should seek prior approval from PSEd for
conducting trading operations. For IMC schools, trading operations should be
approved by the IMC and the procurement procedures for acquisition of
services as stipulated in the EDBC004/2013 “Procurement Procedures in Aided
Schools” should be followed. IMC schools should also refer to Sections 3.3,
6.2(ii) & 6.3(a) of the “Guide to Financial Management for Aided Schools
Operated by Incorporated Management Committees”.
3. In conducting trading operations, schools should observe the following

fundamental principles:
a. No purchase or acceptance of paid services should be compulsory;

b. As a rule, schools should not solicit or accept donations or advantages in any
form from trading operators/ suppliers;
c. Acceptance of donations or advantages from the trading
operators/ suppliers should be considered only in very exceptional
circumstances with justification of compelling reasons and should be approved
by school management committees/ incorporated management committees;
d. The profits/ net income arising from trading operations should be applied for
the purposes of directly benefiting the students of the schools as stipulated in
the regulations 99A(3) and 99B(2) of the Education Regulations.
Non-compliance of the regulations may lead to prosecution;
e. Profits/ Net income arising from trading operations should not be transferred to
the respective parent-teacher associations or school sponsoring bodies; and
f. Schools should select the trading operators/ suppliers through competitive
quotation/ tender exercises at regular intervals, preferably not exceeding three
years.
4. Schools should also note the following points:

a. Items for the exclusive use of students in one particular school (e.g. items
bearing special insignia) should be kept to the minimum.
b. Subject to sound educational practice, the total cost of items needed by students
to pursue their course of study should be kept as low as possible.
c. For sale of textbooks, the financial burden upon parents should be reduced
whenever possible, and no profit would be generated from sale of textbooks.
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d. The profit from sale of exercise books, school uniforms, stationery, equipment
and other items (other than textbooks) should be limited to 15% of the cost price
at which they are purchased from the suppliers. The profit limit of 15% should
also cover paid services provided to students. The profits should be applied
for the purposes of directly benefiting the students of the schools.
e. The Administration has accepted the recommendation of the Law Reform
Commission to establish the Sexual Conviction Record Check (SCRC) Scheme
and the Hong Kong Police Force has implemented the scheme on 1 December
2011. The scheme is only applicable to prospective employees seeking
child-related work or work relating to mentally incapacitated persons in
organizations or enterprises (including staff, who have frequent or regular
contact with children, deployed by suppliers/contractors to work in schools).
Given the importance of protecting our students, schools are strongly advised to
adopt the scheme and ask suppliers/contractors to request their staff who are to
fill positions that conform to one of the above criteria to undergo SCRC and to
allow schools to have access to the checking results. Applications for SCRC
should be submitted by the staff concerned voluntarily. Details of the SCRC
scheme (including the protocol, application procedures and template of
documentary proof) are available at the website of SCRC
(http://twdc.police.gov.hk/ppp_en/11_useful_info/scrc.html).
138
6.4 Procurement of stores and services
In the spirit of school-based management, schools have been given the authority
and autonomy to invite, vet and approve quotations/ tenders. As the stores and
services are procured out of public funds, the SMC is publicly accountable for the
conduct of its affairs and related expenditure. The following principles shall be
observed in all procurement processes:
1. The designated purpose(s) of each government grant must be met;
2. All procurement must be conducted on a fair and competitive basis;
3. The “Guidelines on Procurement Procedures in Aided Schools” must be observed
and details are at Para. 6.4.2;
4. The accounting or reporting requirements as contained in the COA or circulars
issued by EDB from time to time must be followed; and
5. Procured items (e.g. furniture and equipment) of the same category should be
grouped in the same quotation/ tender schedule before inviting suppliers to bid.
Schools should not evade the financial limits by dividing procurement
requirements into instalments or by reducing the usual duration of contracts.
6.4.2 Procurement requirements

1. The SMC should establish formal procurement procedures for the procurement of
stores and services so that the available resources are utilized to the best advantage,
in accordance with the “Guidelines on Procurement Procedures in Aided Schools”
attached to EDBC004/2013 “Procurement Procedures in Aided Schools”. These
guidelines are generally based on current government practices and are formulated
in consultation with the Independent Commission Against Corruption.
2. Schools should note the following salient points in handling procurements:

a. Schools should conduct procurement in accordance with the financial limits of
procurement and their corresponding procurement arrangements and approving
authorities:
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Financial limits Procurement Approving authorities
arrangements
$5,000 or below Competitive bidding not
required for procurement of
any stores or services
provided that a member of Principal/Deputy Head
school staff at an
appropriate level certifies [Note: For schools without
Deputy Head, the approving
that such procurement is
authority rests with the
essential and the prices are Principal.]
fair and reasonable
Above $5,000 to $50,000 By oral quotations (at least
two)
Above $50,000 to By written quotations (at Principal
$200,000 least five)
Above $200,000 By tenders (at least five) Tender Approving
Committee comprising the
School Supervisor/Manager,
the Principal, a teacher and
a representative of the
Parent-Teacher Association
or a parent manager
b. Schools are responsible for inviting, vetting and approving quotations and tenders.
c. Schools should inform the suppliers in writing that it is an offence under the
Prevention of Bribery Ordinance for them to offer advantages to school staff in
connection with the latter’s official duties.
d. There should not be an evasion of the financial limits by dividing procurement
requirements into instalments or reducing the usual duration of contracts to bypass
proper procurement procedures.
e. For single purchases from above $50,000 to $200,000 and exceeding $200,000,
written quotations and tenders should be invited from at least five suppliers
respectively. When inviting suppliers, the last successful supplier should always
be invited to bid subject to satisfactory performance. For the remaining suppliers,
schools may refer to the Supplier List provided by the EDB or other possible
sources of supply identified. Suppliers should be invited by rotation to ensure
equity. Schools are encouraged to post written quotation/ tender notices on their
websites so that other potential bidders not on the invitation list may have a fair
chance to compete with the invitees. Prior approval from SMC should be
obtained if it has not been possible to invite sufficient number of suppliers and
such records should be properly documented.
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f. Schools should specify the deadline for the suppliers to submit quotations/ tenders.
In principle, late quotations/ tenders should not be considered unless only one
supplier has been invited.
g. Specifications of stores/ services and the pre-determined assessment criteria should
be clearly spelt out in the written quotation/ tender documents. If it is considered
necessary to obtain information on the stores/ services to be procured before
drawing up the written quotation/ tender documents, schools should obtain the
information from a number of suppliers preferably offering different varieties of
the stores/ services, digest the information obtained, identify their own needs and
draw up their stores/ services specifications in generic terms, and avoid stipulating
a brand/ model of store/ service in the specifications. To enhance checks and
balances, schools may consider forming a panel to vet the specifications before
issue to ensure they are not too restrictive to put off competitive bids.
h. All suppliers should be provided with sufficient and equal knowledge of the
quotation/ tender requirements and specifications of stores/ services.
i. Normally, the lowest offer to the specifications should be selected. Justifications
and reasons for not accepting the lowest quotation/ tender should be properly
documented.
j. For written quotations, two staff members at an appropriate level will be appointed
by the Principal for opening, vetting and referring written quotation documents to
the appropriate subject teacher(s) and administrative staff for evaluation and
recommendation before referring the written quotation documents to the Principal
for consideration and approval. For tenders, two separate committees for tender
opening and vetting as well as tender approval with defined approving authorities
should be set up.
k. Membership of the Tender Opening and Vetting Committee and the Tender
Approving Committee should differ. For requirements regarding the membership
of these committees, schools should refer to the “Guidelines on Procurement
Procedures in Aided Schools”.
l. Quotation and tender information should be kept confidential with restricted
access on a need-to-know basis and security measures should be taken to prevent
leakage of quotation/ tender information.
m. Proper records of the quotations and tenders must be available for inspection,
including the reasons for cases where the lowest offer is rejected.
n. The Hong Kong Police Force has implemented the Sexual Conviction Record
Check (SCRC) scheme on 1 December 2011. The scheme is only applicable to
prospective employees seeking child-related work or work relating to mentally
incapacitated persons in organizations or enterprises (including staff, who have
frequent or regular contact with children, deployed by suppliers/contractors to
work in schools). Given the importance of protecting our students, schools are
strongly advised to adopt the scheme and ask suppliers/contractors to request their
staff who will be deployed to schools to undertake duties involving or likely
involving frequent or regular contacts with students to undergo SCRC and to pass
their check result to schools. In this connection, schools should specify this
141
requirement in the procurement document as one of the quotation/ tender
requirements. Please refer to Appendix 6 for a sample service specification for
inclusion in the quotation/ tender documents.
[Applications for SCRC should be submitted by the staff concerned voluntarily.
Details of the SCRC scheme (including the protocol, application procedures and
template of documentary proof) are available at the website of SCRC
(http://www.police.gov.hk/scrc).]
3. The above guidelines are for procurement involving government subsidies and the
set-up funds of new schools. Nevertheless, the SMC is advised to formulate
similar procurement procedures for procurement using other school funds.
4. The practices of improper sales of some suppliers have been noted. Schools may
wish to refer to the “Points to Note on Handling Improper Sales by Schools” to
handle improper sales.
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6.5 Accounting and financial control
6.5.1 Statutory requirements

In accordance with R64 of the Education Regulations, the Supervisor of every
school shall:
1. keep proper accounts;
2. make the accounts and any vouchers relating to the accounts available at all
reasonable times for inspection by PSEd or any inspector of school; and
3. retain the accounts and vouchers for a period of not less than seven years.
6.5.2 Recommended practices
1. Books of accounts
Proper accounts must be kept in respect of all income and expenditure. Separate
bank accounts should be maintained for government funds and school funds. The
Supervisor is also strongly advised to maintain a separate ledger account for each of the
government grants and keep them up-to-date so as to avoid overspending. A set of
proper books of accounts should comprise the following:
a. cash books for bank accounts and petty cash;
b. an attendance register and register of fees/ subscriptions/ other charges showing
inter alia receipt numbers and the amount of subscriptions and other charges, if
any, against the name of each student;
c. revenue receipt counterfoils and the Daily Collection Summary in respect of
subscriptions, donation, other charges and any other income. A Daily Collection
Summary proforma is at Appendix 7;
d. payment vouchers in respect of all expenditure;
e. a register of fixed assets. A proforma Fixed Assets Register is at Appendix 8;
f. a register of non-recurrent grants received for building, furniture and equipment;
g. a general ledger and subsidiary ledgers showing accounts in respect of all items of
recurrent income and expenditure;
h. an Attendance Register for teaching staff, non-teaching staff and supply teachers;
i. provident fund and MPF records for individual staff;
j. a register of hire of school accommodation;
k. stock and sales records for exercises books, stationery, etc., if necessary; and
l. Accession Record for library books.
2. Use of bank accounts
a. An undertaking duly completed by the authorised signatories to school bank
accounts should be submitted to EDB to effect payment. An updated certified
143
bank mandate of the authorised bank signatories should be kept in the school for
audit purposes. A proforma undertaking and notification of bank signatories are
at Appendices 9 and 10.
b. Aided IMC schools should read in conjunction with Section 5.2.4 of the “Guide to
Committees”.
3. Fund-raising activities
a. Raising funds for school purposes
 Prenumbered receipts/ tickets should be used for the collection of funds.
 The funds so collected as well as all expenditure, must also be properly reflected in
the school’s accounts.
 A list of donations exceeding $5,000 each should be kept for record purposes.
 A financial statement for each fund-raising activity should be properly compiled as
per the sample at Appendix 11. It should be displayed for a reasonable period of
time on the school’s notice board for the information of teachers, parents and
students, after which it shall be retained for audit purposes.
b. Raising funds for outside organizations
 Schools should keep proper records of funds collected and obtain official receipts
from charitable organizations concerned. The documents should be displayed for
a reasonable period of time on the school’s notice board for the information of
teachers, parents and students, after which it shall be retained for record purposes.
 If the fund-raising activities incur expenditure from the funds collected, a financial
statement should also be compiled, displayed and retained for audit purposes.
4. Trading operations
For trading operations carried out by schools on the school premises, proceeds
derived therefrom should be properly reflected in the school account, usually
Subscriptions (Tong Fai) Account, General Funds Account or Capital Reserve Fund
Account.
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6.6 Internal control

1. Internal control procedures are considered vital to the operation of an effective
accounting system which will minimise fraud and negligence and ensure the
proper use of government subventions. It is the responsibility of the SMC to
determine the extent of the accounting and internal control system appropriate to
its circumstances and to ensure that the school is managed and run in accordance
with the Education Ordinance, the Education Regulations, the COA and the
circulars issued by EDB. Schools are also required to follow the internal control
procedures recommended by PSEd or their auditors.
2. In setting up the school’s internal control system, the SMC needs to consider the
following aspects:
a. organization, defining the terms of reference, responsibilities and extent of
authority at each level of responsibility within the organizational structure
b. code of ethics for staff involved
c. authorization and supervision
d. documentation, including the accounting system, operating procedures and record
keeping of major financial decisions in the minutes of meetings
e. review mechanism
f. segregation of duties
g. arranging job rotation where possible
6.6.2 Allocation of accounting duties

1. The following principles shall be observed in the allocation of accounting duties to
ensure the propriety of the accounting transactions :
a. The duties of calculating, checking and recording sums due to or from the school
shall be separated as completely as possible from the duties of collecting or
disbursing those sums. Segregation of duties reduces the risk of intentional
manipulation or error.
b. The checking and reconciliation of any bank account and cash balances relating to
all funds shall be carried out by employees who are not themselves involved in the
day to day administration of those accounts.
c. Every transfer of moneys from one employee to another shall be evidenced in an
appropriate record by the signature of the receiving employee and retained for a
period similar to that of cash records.
d. All transactions should require authorisation or approval by an appropriate
responsible person.
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e. There should be procedures to ensure that personnel have capabilities
commensurate with their responsibilities. Schools should have a plan of their
organization, defining and allocating responsibilities and identifying lines of
reporting for all aspects of the school’s operation.
2. As well as the propriety of spending, school heads should also consider the
relevance of best value principles to the expenditure of funds under their control.
6.6.3 Handling of school income

In the interests of the school as well as the Government, all income received by the
school from the Government or other sources should be kept in a manner that involves
the minimum risk. School income derived from all sources must be kept intact and
utilised for approved educational purposes and facilities of the school. The following
guidelines are recommended:
1. Surplus funds which are not immediately required for use may be placed in time
deposits or savings accounts with licensed banks. Schools should reduce risk by
spreading the deposits with several licensed banks. Interest earned should be
retained in the account concerned and utilized in accordance with the intended
purpose of the grant. For details, please refer to EDBC014/2015 “The Choice of
Bank Counterparties in Investment”.
2. Keeping large sums of cash in schools should be avoided. SMCs should consider
their actual operational requirements and security arrangements in deciding on
their levels of cash holding, within the allowable limit specified in the circular
currently in force. However, this should not be taken to mean that schools must
indiscriminately maintain their cash holding at these levels.
3. No post-dated cheques should be accepted. Uncrossed cheques received should

be immediately crossed and made payable to “A/C Payee Only”.
4. Spoiled cheques should be immediately marked off as “Cancelled” and attached to

the cheque stub to prevent from re-use. They should not be destroyed before the
retention period.
5. In accordance with R63 of the Education Regulations, a school without IMC shall
issue official receipts with counterfoils or duplicate copies for every sum of money
received. Aided IMC schools should refer to Section 6.2(iv) of the “Guide to
Committees”. The receipts should be in prescribed form, serially numbered,
issued in sequence, dated and stamped with the school chop. They should also
bear the name of the payee and the amount collected. The Supervisor as well as
the Principal must ensure that the internal control system of the school is sound
and effective to prevent fraud/ misappropriation of funds and in particular all
collections are promptly banked in and all collections are properly accounted for.
In view of administrative difficulties which may be encountered by some aided
schools, school may refer to the relaxed requirements for the issue of official
146
receipts for the types of collection stated at Appendix 12. However, separate
receipts to students should be issued upon request.
6. Spoiled/ obsolete official receipts should be immediately marked “Cancelled”.

Destruction of them at the end of the retention period should be verified and
witnessed by the school head.
7. An official receipt register should be maintained to control the stock and issue of
the official receipt books. Unused or partly used official receipt books should be
kept under lock.
8. All school income, including fees or government grants or income received from
other sources such as hire charges and donations, shall be paid into the appropriate
bank accounts maintained in the name of the school. Money received should be
banked promptly. A Daily Collection Summary should be prepared to record the
date of receipt, serial numbers of official receipts issued, the nature of the income,
the amount collected and the date of banking.
9. To minimise the risk of cash losses during transit, collections and payments should
be made as far as possible through bank accounts. For example, collection of
fees through the autopay system is strongly recommended. Schools should liaise
with their banks for appropriate arrangements. For details, please refer to
EDBC15/2014 “Use of Autopay Services for Payments”.
10. SMCs are strongly advised to review their existing system of internal control and
security measures for the safe custody of cash and to strengthen these aspects to
guard against loss.
6.6.4 Making payments

1. All expenses must be properly authorised before payments are made. All
payments must be supported by payment vouchers. Original invoices with full
details of stores and services provided should be attached to payment vouchers.
2. The preparation and authorisation of payment vouchers should not be conducted

by the same person.
3. The person responsible for approving payments should assess the reasonableness
of the payment amounts having regard to the nature of the expenses and invite
quotations for reference as appropriate. He/she should be alert to any falsified
payment claims and report to the police immediately should he/she note any
suspected malpractices in the payment claims.
4. The staff member responsible for checking should ensure that stores or services
have been received or are due for advance payment, quality of stores or services up
to school’s satisfaction has been certified, approval for payments has been
obtained and there is no previous payment on the same invoices. Advance
payment should be avoided as far as possible.
147
5. All paid vouchers and invoices must be stamped with the word “PAID” and dated
by the paying staff to prevent duplicate payment.
6. Payment should be made by crossed cheque as far as possible.
6.6.5 Safe keeping school assets and other valuables

Capital assets which are of value to the school in the provision of services for a
period of time longer than one year should be recorded as fixed assets. Examples are
photocopiers, computers, furniture and equipment, etc. Schools are advised to keep a
Fixed Assets Register to record the existing items of fixed assets under their control.
A proforma Fixed Assets Register is at Appendix 8. Schools are also responsible for
making proper arrangements for the safe custody of buildings, cash and other valuables
under their control in accordance with the following guidelines:
1. Schools shall nominate a member of staff to be responsible for the preparation and
control of the Fixed Assets Register.
2. Physical checking of assets should be conducted at least once a year. The results
and records of the checking should be retained. Any discrepancies found should
be investigated and reported to the SMC.
3. All cash and other valuables and important documents must be kept under lock.
Surprise cash counts should be conducted by the school head to detect and deter
loss/ misappropriation of cash. The surprise check should be carried out by a
staff member at irregular intervals in a year, say at least three times a year. The
staff member should sign, date and record the result of the checking in a log book.
Any discrepancies found should be reported to the SMC.
4. Any write-off or adjustment to the register of capital assets and other valuables
may only be done with the approval of the school head. A report on the write-off
or adjustment should be passed to the SMC for information. Aided schools with
IMC should observe the procedures stipulated in paragraphs 3.5.6.5, 6.75 and 6.76
of the “Manual for Change-over Arrangements”.
5. Schools may consider taking out insurance to protect schools against damage or
loss of above-standard or non-standard items caused by theft and burglary and loss
of cash (non-government funds) in transit. Please refer to Section 8.7 for
insurance and settlement of claims for loss of standard items.
6. Schools should maintain a Loan Register when equipment is on loan to staff/

students. A Loan Register proforma is at Appendix 13.
6.6.6 Operating bank accounts and signing cheques

School Supervisors are responsible for the control and operation of bank accounts.
They should ensure that the following principles are followed:
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1. Bank accounts should be in the name of the school and one shall be kept solely in
respect of moneys received from the Government.
2. Bank accounts (include Fixed/ Time Deposits and cheques) should be signed
jointly by the School Supervisor and one registered manager. If internet banking
is used for managing and operating bank accounts, the procedures for approving
payments through internet banking as well as personnel authorizing modification
of access control and transaction limits should remain the same as the
arrangements for cheque payments, i.e. should be jointly approved by the School
Supervisor and one registered manager. Aided IMC schools should refer to
Section 5.2.4 of the “Guide to Financial Management for Aided Schools Operated
by Incorporated Management Committees”.
3. If collections of fees for examinations, activities or services arranged for students

are required, the school head may seek approval from the SMC to open a separate
bank account in the name of the school to be jointly operated by the school head
and the deputy school head or such other school personnel as authorised by the
SMC.
4. Only a reasonable cash balance shall be kept from time to time to meet small
payments.
5. Cheques should not be pre-signed. They should only be signed upon presentation
of properly authorised documents. All cheques should be crossed and marked
“A/C Payee Only”. Use of cash cheques should be avoided except for the
purpose of replenishing the petty cash float.
6. Cheque books received should be recorded in a register and their issue must be
controlled by recording the recipient’s name, signature and date.
7. Unused cheque books should be kept under lock by the School Supervisor or
school head.
8. The School Supervisor or school head should handle the inward mail from the
bank personally, e.g. bank statements received from the bank should be opened by
the School Supervisor or school head. The bank statements should then be
examined and initialled before being passed to the staff who is responsible for
preparing bank reconciliation statements.
9. The school head should review the cash books and bank reconciliation statement
prepared monthly by the school clerk. The school head should also investigate
any unusual items and cheques which have been outstanding for over one month.
The school head should initial and date the cash books and bank reconciliation
statement after checking.
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6.7 Annual audited accounts
1. Unless approval has been given by PSEd, audited accounts should be prepared on
a school year basis (or financial year basis where PSEd’s approval is obtained) and
submitted to EDB at such times and in such manner as required. If a school fails
to submit annual audited accounts without acceptable reasons, PSEd may
temporarily withhold payment of grants to the school. In appointing auditors,
schools are advised to observe the guidelines on the appointment of auditors and
audit engagement letter as set out in EDBC005/2014 “Appointment of Auditors
and Audit Engagement Letter”.
2. The accounts must be audited by certified public accountants (practising)

registered under the Professional Accountants Ordinance. The audit fee is
chargeable to the School and Class Grant.
3. In addition, schools should make the accounts available for inspection by

inspectors of schools, pursuant to R64 of the Education Regulations.
4. If anomalies in accounting operations and/ or procurement activities are found

during the financial audit inspections conducted by EDB, the schools concerned
should step up their efforts to rectify the situation. In the audit inspection letter
issued to the school’s supervisor, EDB may, where necessary, request a school
to :-
a. table the letter for deliberation and discussion of possible improvement measures
at a meeting of its SMC;
b. send a copy of the letter to the auditors who are appointed to audit the annual
accounts of the school for information and copy the covering letter to EDB; and
c. seek the endorsement of its SMC on the responses to the letter.
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6.8 Retention of accounting records
1. Records of a permanent nature, e.g. fixed asset register, annual accounts,

inventories, records of capital expenditure and Government non-recurrent
subsidies, records in connection with school building funds/ donations etc., shall
not be destroyed without the prior approval of PSEd. However, the following
records may be destroyed after a certain period of retention, as specified below -
a. Minimum period of retention - 7 years
 Books of accounts, i.e. cash books, Ledgers, etc
 All types of vouchers, bank statements
b. Minimum period of retention - 2 years
 Quarterly returns (duplicates), Paysheets (duplicates)
 Fees receipts/ school attendance registers
 Register of hire of school accommodation
2. Schools should ensure that there are adequate and appropriate controls governing
the retention, storage and destruction of accounting records. Within the retention
period, the records should be systematically stored in order to facilitate efficient
retrieval of documents as and when required.
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Appendix 1 Components of the Operating Expenses Block Grant
Constituent Grants of the General Domain

Secondary Schools
 Practical/ Technical Subjects
 Administration Grant/ Revised Administration Grant
 Administration Grant for Additional Clerical Assistant
 Recurrent English Language Grant
 Air-conditioning Grant
 Training and Development Grant
 Supplementary Grant
 Composite Information Technology Grant
 Air-conditioning Grant for Preparation Room of Laboratories
 Enhancement Grant
 School and Class Grant
 Lift Maintenance Grant
 Consolidated Subject Grant
Primary Schools
 School Curriculum Development Grant
 Putonghua
 Moral and Civic Education
 Composite Information Technology Grant
 School and Class Grant
 Administration Grant/Revised Administration Grant
 Administration Grant for Additional Clerical Assistant
 Air-conditioning Grant
 Enhancement Grant
 Supplementary Grant
 Training and Development Grant
 Lift Maintenance Grant
Constituent Grants of the Special Domain

Secondary Schools
 Capacity Enhancement Grant
 Boarding Grant
 School-based Support Scheme for Newly Arrived Children
 Whole School Approach to Integrated Education
 Programme Funds for Whole-school Approach to Guidance and Discipline
 School-based Educational Psychology Service Grant
Primary Schools
 School-based Support Scheme for Newly Arrived Children
152
 Student Guidance Service Grant (including Top-up Student Guidance Service
Grant)
 Capacity Enhancement Grant
 Understanding Adolescent Project (Primary) Grant
 Whole School Approach to Integrated Education
 Programme Funds for Whole-school Approach to Guidance and Discipline
 Enhanced Speech Therapy Grant
 School-based Educational Psychology Service Grant
153
Appendix 2 Components of the Expanded Operating Expenses Block
Grant
Secondary & Primary schools

 Consolidated Subject Grant (for secondary schools)
 Moral and Civic Education
 Putonghua
 Administration Grant for Additional Clerical Assistant
 Administration Grant/Revised Administration Grant
 Air-conditioning Grant for Preparation Room of Laboratories
 Capacity Enhancement Grant
 Composite Furniture and Equipment Grant
 Composite Information Technology Grant
 Enhancement Grant
 Lift Maintenance Grant
 Air-conditioning Grant
 Programme Funds for Whole-school Approach to Guidance and Discipline
 Recurrent English Language Grant
 Refund of fees for certificates on fire safety
 Refund of fees for certificates on structural safety
 School and Class Grant
 School Curriculum Development Grant
 School-based Support Scheme for Newly Arrived Children
 Student Guidance Service Grant (including Top-up Student Guidance Service
Grant)
 Supplementary Grant
 Training and Development Grant
 Understanding Adolescent Project (Primary) Grant
 Whole School Approach to Integrated Education
 Boarding Grant
 Practical/Technical Subjects
 Enhanced Speech Therapy Grant
 School-based Educational Psychology Service Grant
Special schools
 Consolidated Subject Grant
 Moral and Civic Education
 Practical/Technical Subject
 Putonghua
154
 Activities Grant for Maladjusted Children
 Administration Grant for Additional Clerical Assistant
 Administration Grant/Revised Administration Grant
 Air-conditioning Grant for Preparation Room of Laboratories
 Air-conditioning Grant
 Boarding Grant
 Top-up Boarding Grant
 Capacity Enhancement Grant
 Composite Furniture and Equipment Grant
 Composite Information Technology Grant
 Computers as Communication/Rehabilitation Aids
 Computers for Assisted Learning Activities
 Enhancement Grant
 Lift Maintenance Grant
 Maintenance Grant for Sewage Treatment Plant
 Programme Funds for Whole-school Approach to Guidance and Discipline
 Refund of fees for certificates on fire safety
 Refund of fees for certificates on structural safety
 Resource Material Grant for Visually Impaired Students
 School and Class Grant
 School Curriculum Development Grant
 School-based Support Scheme for Newly Arrived Children
 Supplementary Grant
 Administration Grant for Enhanced Support Service for Students with Hearing
Impairment
 Training and Development Grant
 Travelling Grant for Certificated Master/Mistress Teaching Home-bound Pupils
 Travelling Grant for Resource Teachers
 Understanding Adolescent Project (Primary) Grant
 Senior Secondary Support Programme Grant
155
Appendix 3 Approved list of fines/ charges & fees
The Permanent Secretary for Education has given aided and caput schools blanket
approval by EDBC014/2012 “Collection of Fines, Charges and Fees for Specific
Purposes, and Use of the Subscription (Tong Fai) / General Funds / Capital Reserve
Fund Account in Aided and Caput Schools” to collect fines, charges and fees for
specific purposes from students in ways as detailed in and subject to the requirements
below.
Approved ceilings
Items (effective from the 2012/13 school year
and subject to revision)
1. Entrance examination fee $50
2. Replacement of student card $10 per copy
3. Replacement of graduation certificate $25 per copy
4. Transcript (second copy) $25 per copy
5. Locker deposit $10 per student

(to be refunded to student on leaving
school)
6. Fine for serious damage to or loss of The original cost of the book plus 20%
library book for handling charges
7. Fine for overdue library book The rate imposed by Public Library
8. Replacement charge for loss of library - ditto -

card
9. Breakage and damage of science $50 per item
equipment
10. Breakage of school property other than $50 for individual student
science equipment $100 for the whole class responsible
11. Wilful damage to school property The full cost of repair/ replacement of
the item
12. Stored-value photocopying card $25 deposit per card
(unused value to be refunded to student)
13. Charges for non-standard items (See $310 in total per student per annum
Appendix 4)
156
Appendix 4 Approved collections for specific purposes
1. Background
Schools are given the discretion, subject to compliance with the conditions stated
in paragraph 2, to make collections from parents for expenses on above-standard and
non-standard items to provide “extras” over a basic education to students. For
example, schools may use the income to pay for additional teachers to teach subjects
outside the normal curriculum, or instructors’ fees for various cultural activities.
2. Conditions
Prior approval of PSEd is not required if the following conditions are fulfilled:
a. The amount of collection falls within the current ceiling set by PSEd.
b. Parents have been consulted on the proposed plan(s) in advance, preferably at the
beginning of a school year, and they endorse the proposal.
c. A detailed list of all agreed collections should be issued to all parents, and
displayed at a prominent place in the school.
d. Needy parents will not be compelled to subscribe to the collection.
e. At the end of the school year, a financial statement is sent to all parents, informing
them of how the collections have been spent.
f. A separate ledger account is kept to record all income and expenditure pertaining
to such collections for each specific purpose, and upon request is produced for
EDB’s inspection.
g. A separate statement is included in the annual audited financial statement of
accounts, showing all the income and expenditure relating to such collections.
3. Important points to note

a. If the majority of parents object to the plan(s) in the course of consultation, the
school should withdraw the proposal. The SMC/IMC should examine parents’
concern, re-assess the needs of the school and review the plan before putting
forward new proposals for parents’ consultation again.
b. The respective SSDOs should be notified of such collections.
c. The SMC/IMC may devise further procedures governing the collection to
safeguard against abuses and to foster parents’ support and trust.
157
Appendix 5 Requirements in connection with fund-raising activities from
other government departments
For Reference Only - This list is by no means exhaustive. Schools and organizers of
fund-raising activities should consult respective competent authorities in case of doubt.
1. Public Entertainment
Before any public entertainment can be held within the school premises, a licence is
required under the Places of Public Entertainment Ordinance. Public entertainment includes
the following events/ activities to which the general public are admitted, with or without
payment for admission:
a. a concert, opera, ballet, stage performance or other musical, dramatic or theatrical
entertainment;
b. a cinematography or laser projection display;
c. a circus;
d. a lecture or story-telling;
e. an exhibition of any one or more of the following, namely, pictures, photographs, books,
manuscripts or other documents or other things;
f. a sporting exhibition or contest;
g. a bazaar;
h. an amusement ride within the meaning of the Amusement Rides (Safety) Ordinance or
any mechanical device (other than such an amusement ride) which is designed for
amusement; and
i. a dance party.
Applications should reach the Director of Food and Environmental Hygiene at least 42
days before the commencement of functions. In respect of the place where the public
entertainment is held, fire services requirements must be complied with. For functions with
erection of structures, requirements of the Buildings Department should be observed.
2. Film
A certificate of approval/ exemption is required under Section 8 of the Film Censorship
Ordinance from the Film Censorship Authority before public exhibition of a film (a film
means a cinematograph film, a video tape or laserdisc, a still film or any other record of visual
moving images).
3. Lottery
A lottery licence is required under Section 22(1)(a)(i) of the Gambling Ordinance from
the Commissioner for Television and Entertainment Licensing if fund-raising activities are
conducted in the form of a lottery. Lottery includes, inter alia, a raffle and any game, method,
device or scheme for distributing or allotting prizes by lot or chance, whether promoted,
conducted or managed in or outside Hong Kong. Prior written approval from the
Commissioner is also required if lottery tickets are sold on public streets.
158
4. Game of Amusement with Prizes
For a game such as wheel of fortune, roll a dice etc. with prizes, a licence is required
under Section 22(1)(a)(iii) of the Gambling Ordinance from the Commissioner for Television
and Entertainment Licensing for conducting a game of amusement with prizes on premises
licensed under Section 4 of the Places of Public Entertainment Ordinance.
5. Selling of Liquor or Use of Starting Pistols

Licences or permits from the Commissioner of Police have to be applied for activities
which include the selling of liquor and the use of starting pistols. Applications for a
temporary liquor licence and exemption permits for starting pistols should be submitted at
least 14 working days before the commencement of functions.
6. Fund-raising Activities in Public Places

According to Section 4(17)(i) of the Summary Offences Ordinance, any person or
organization that organizes, provides equipment for, or participates in any collection of money
or exchange for donation of badges, tokens or similar articles in a public place for charitable
purposes should apply for a permit from the Director of Social Welfare. The permit as
referred to above is the Public Subscription Permit which covers two types of charitable
fund-raising activities, namely flag days and general charitable fund-raising activities.
7. Race on Road and Walkathon

Races on a road where any competition is involved require a Road Event Permit issued
under the Road Traffic Ordinance. Applications for permits should be made to the
appropriate Police Regional Commander (Kowloon East, Kowloon West, Hong Kong, New
Territories North and New Territories South) in whose region the event will occur.
Walkathons are controlled by the Police under the Public Order Ordinance and prior
notification of at least seven days in advance of the proposed event is required. Pre-printed
notification forms are available at any Police Station and should be used to ensure all
necessary information is furnished to the Police. Completed notifications should be delivered
by hand to the Duty Officer of any police station by the organizer or his representative.
If a walkathon or race involves collection of money or exchange for donation of badges,
tokens or similar articles in a public place for charitable purposes, approval from the Director
of Social Welfare must be obtained.
8. Publicity
If fund-raising activities are publicised by bills or posters, Section 104A of the Public
Health and Municipal Services Ordinance, restricting the display of bill and posters, has to be
complied with.
159
Appendix 6 Sexual Conviction Record Check Sample Service Specification
The Contractor(see Note) shall require the Contractor Employees to

(a) declare in the job application form and/or other related documents
whether they have been convicted of any criminal offence in Hong Kong
or elsewhere, and to provide the details; and
(b) undergo the Sexual Conviction Record Check with the Hong Kong Police
Force.
The Contractor shall seek the consent of the employees to pass the
information regarding (a) and (b) to [Name of School] for its consideration of
the suitability of the Contractor’s prospective employees.
Note:
The Contractor shall inform the employees of the following:
1. It is obligatory for the employees to provide the information required;
2. Refusing to disclose the required information or intentionally providing
false information and/or withholding any material information may render
them unsuitable for the post(s);
3. The information provided by the employees is used by [Name of School]
for the consideration of their suitability for the post(s);
4. Any conviction of criminal offence(s) may not necessarily render them
unsuitable for the post(s); and
5. The employees have the right to request for access and correction of the
information provided by sending a written request to the Contractor.
160
Appendix 7 Daily Collection Summary
Daily Collection
Account Credited
Subscriptions/
Initial of General
Particulars Receipt Amount
Date Date Banked Responsible Government Funds/
of Receipts No. $
Staff Grants $ Capital
Reserve Fund
$
161
Appendix 8 Proforma Fixed Assets Register
Fixed Assets Register

*Location:
Date & Supervisor’s/

Cost
Date of Reason School
Item Description Quantity Location Remarks
Purchase Govt. School of Head’s
Funds Funds Write-off Signature
*One separate sheet for each location.
162
Appendix 9 Proforma Undertaking by School Supervisor
PROFORMA
_____________________________________________________ (Name of School)
_____________________________________________________ (Address of School)
_______________________________(Date)
To: Permanent Secretary for Education, Hong Kong.

(Attn: )
Recurrent Subsidy
In consideration of the HKSAR from time to time advancing recurrent grants to the
management committee of the above-named school on the terms and conditions set out
in the Code of Aid for Primary/ Secondary/ Special/ Aided* Schools, I,
_____________________________, Supervisor of the said school, hereby guarantee
the repayment of the balance of any recurrent subsidy which is unused at the time of
any of the following events -
1. Closure of the school; or
2. Suspension of the school’s operations; or
3. Withdrawal or removal of the school from the Aided School Lists maintained by
the Education Bureau.
(Supervisor’s Signature)
(Name)
Witness:
Witness:
Date:
*Delete as appropriate.
163
Appendix 10 Proforma notification of Bank Signatories and Bank Account
Notification of Bank Signatories and Bank Account
To: Permanent Secretary for Education, Hong Kong.
Please pay the recurrent and non-recurrent grants for my school into the following
bank account:
Name of School :
Name of Account (in English):

(Maximum 73 characters including space)
Account No. :
Name of Bank (and branch, if any):
Name of three signatories for signing cheques:
(1) ___________________________ (Supervisor)
(2) ___________________________ (Manager)
(3) ___________________________ (Manager)

Note: Cheques should be signed by the Supervisor and one other registered manager.
For IMC schools, bank accounts should be operated by joint signatories of IMC
managers and the supervisor being signatory is not mandatory.
I certify that the above account has been opened. I hereby agree that the Bank’s
acknowledgement will be sufficiently discharged in lieu of my personal
acknowledgement.
__________________________ (Supervisor’s Signature)
__________________________ (Name of Supervisor)
__________________________ (Date)
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Appendix 11 Financial Statement (Fund Raising Activities) - Sample of a
Standard Income and Expenditure Account
Financial Statement (Fund Raising Activities)
Name of School:
Fund Raising Activity: (e.g. Fund Raising Concert 20xx)
Purpose of the Fund Raising Activity:
Income and Expenditure Account

Income (Schedule 1)
Donations $ XXXX
Sales of tickets $ XXXX $ XXXX
Less : Expenditure (Schedule 2) $ XXXX
Surplus/(Deficit) $ XXXX
Represented by :
Fixed Deposit with XXX Bank $ XXXX
Savings Account with XXX Bank $ XXXX
Fund Raising Activity Current Account No. XXX $ XXXX
Amount donated to: [ Name of charitable organization(s) ]
(supported with copies of receipt(s)) $ XXXX
$ XXXX
Prepared by: Date:
Name:
Position:
Checked by: Date:
Name:
Position:
Certified by Supervisor: Date:
Name:
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Schedule 1
Fund Raising Concert 20xx
Income
Donations from $ $
e.g. Sponsoring body XXX
V.I.P.s XXX
Alumnae and friends XXX
Secondary school teaching staff XXX
Secondary school non-teaching staff XXX
Primary school teaching staff XXX
Primary school non-teaching staff XXX
Kindergarten teaching staff XXX
Kindergarten non-teaching staff XXX
Secondary school parents XXX
Others XXX XXX
Sales of Tickets (Note)
Alumnae $
No. of tickets sold
$10 each : XXX
$20 each : XXX XXX
Teaching Staff
No. of tickets sold
$10 each : XXX
$20 each : XXX XXX
Students
No. of tickets sold
$10 each : XXX
$20 each : XXX XXX
Others XXX
(Please specify in Schedule 3 separately)
Total Receipts: XXX
Note:
All receipts for donations and tickets should be serially numbered and a separate record of the
receipts issued and tickets sold, with the serial numbers indicated, should be kept.
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Schedule 2
Fund Raising Concert 20xx
Expenditure (Note)
e.g. Rent for Hall, Theatre etc. XXX
Sound system & equipment XXX
Programme-printing XXX
Ticket-printing XXX
Poster-printing XXX
Receipts-printing XXX
Transportation XXX
Music XXX
Refreshment XXX
Postage and stationery XXX
Miscellaneous XXX
XXX
Note: All invoices and receipts should be kept.
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Appendix 12 Relaxed requirements for the issue of official receipts for
certain types of collections
1. School Dental Care Service

A Collection Summary detailing the name of the students, the amount collected,
the date of collection and the date of bank-in etc. should be prepared. The
Summary should be reconciled with the amount as stated in the demand note
issued by the organizations concerned. The Summary should be signed by both
the school staff preparing the summary and the Principal as evidence of checking.
2. Donations Raised from Students

Donations raised from students towards the Hong Kong Tuberculosis, Chest and
Heart Diseases Association, Community Chest and approved collections for school
or charitable purposes should be made in front of a responsible member of staff
into a sealed and lockable box. The box should be opened and the money
contained therein counted by another responsible member of staff in the presence
of the principal who should sign a cash certificate authenticating the amount so
collected. A Collection Summary by each type of donation should be prepared
by the school staff and checked by the Principal with both signatories on the
Summary.
3. Sale of School Textbooks, Exercise Books, School Uniform and Badges and
Stationery Items etc
Principles stipulated in relevant circulars should be followed when conducting
trading operation in the school. Since sale of school textbooks, exercise books,
school uniform and badges and stationery items etc to students is on a Cash on
Delivery basis, a sales record containing the daily quantity of each type of the
above trading items sold, the total amount of cash collections as well as the date of
banking should be kept. Stock records should also be kept for each type of stock
of the trading items. The entries in the sales records should tally with those in the
stock records. The sales record should be checked and signed by the Principal.
Stock movements (e.g. purchases, sales etc.) should be promptly entered in the
stock records so as to reflect the cost and quantity of stock in hand properly. The
stock records should be checked periodically by a staff independent of making
purchases and sales to ensure proper stock control.
4. Fees for carrying out extra-curricular activities including educational visits

and making payments on behalf of students
Aided schools should utilize the School and Class Grant for carrying out
extra-curricular activities. If the aided school considers that it is necessary to
collect fees from students and the money so collected is for making payments on
behalf of the students, a Collection Summary by each type of activity should be
prepared. The Summary should be signed by both the school staff preparing the
Summary and the Principal as evidence of checking.
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Appendix 13 Proforma Loan Register
Loan Register
Item Description Location Date Date Returned Borrower (status)

Out
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Chapter 7 Personnel Matters
7.1 Introduction
1. With the implementation of school-based management, the SMC, as the employer

of all school staff, exercises greater autonomy and responsibilities in personnel
matters. To ensure effective deployment and management of human resources, it
is important for explicit policies and procedures to be in place for recruitment,
promotion, acting appointments, regrading, performance management, retirement
and succession planning, etc. Moreover, these policies and procedures must be
fair and open. This will avoid any actual or perceived conflict of interest as well
as any allegation of favoritism that will undermine staff morale and the
accountability of management processes.
2. Schools should refer to the following, and any other relevant legislation, in
drawing up their personnel policies or procedures:
a. Education Ordinance and Education Regulations (Cap.279 and 279A, the Laws of
Hong Kong)
b. Codes of Aid
c. Employment Ordinance (Cap.57, the Laws of Hong Kong)
d. Employees’ Compensation Ordinance (Cap.282, the Laws of Hong Kong)
e. Minimum Wage Ordinance (Cap.608, the Laws of Hong Kong)
f. Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (Cap.486, the Laws of Hong Kong) and the
Code of Practice on Human Resource Management
g. Legislation on equal opportunities, such as the Sex Discrimination Ordinance (Cap.
480, the Laws of Hong Kong), the Disability Discrimination Ordinance (Cap. 487,
the Laws of Hong Kong), the Family Status Discrimination Ordinance (Cap. 527,
the Laws of Hong Kong), the Race Discrimination Ordiance (Cap. 602, the Laws
of Hong Kong), and the related Codes of Practice on Employment issued by the
Equal Opportunities Commission
h. Code of Practice against Discrimination in Employment on the Ground of Sexual
Orientation issued by the Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau
i. Prevention of Bribery Ordinance (Cap.201, the Laws of Hong Kong)
j. Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance (Cap.485, the Laws of Hong
Kong)
k. “Occupational Safety and Health Ordinance” and the subsidiary legislation
(Cap.509, the Laws of Hong Kong)
l. Code for the Education Profession of Hong Kong
m. relevant EDB circulars, webpages and guidelines
3. With respect to school personnel matters, EDB continues to take up the following
responsibilities:
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a. approving the staff establishment of aided schools
b. setting the entry and promotion requirements for all teaching and specialist staff
c. setting the salary scales for all grades and ranks of teaching and specialist staff
d. providing subsidy for salary expenses
e. approving the appointment of the following categories of staff on the salaries grant
payroll:
 school heads
 teachers directly appointed to promotion ranks
 teachers on overseas terms
 temporary Native-speaking English Teachers (NETs)
 registered teachers by merit of 10 years recognized teaching experience (R-10
teachers)
 unqualified teachers
 school heads and teachers above retirement age
4. For more information on teaching staff establishment, including the provision of
teacher-librarians in aided primary schools, turning the specialised teaching posts
into permanent posts, turning the primary curriculum leader posts into permanent
posts, improving student guidance services, and providing additional teachers to
schools with Band 3 and Bottom 10% students at S1 - S3, please refer to the
following circulars:
 EDBC 030/2001 “Provision of Teacher-Librarians in Aided Primary Schools”
 EDBC 004/2006 “Measures to Relieve Teachers’ Workload”
5. Aided IMC schools should read this Chapter in conjunction with the “Supplement
to School Administration Guide”.
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7.2 Appointment, regrading, promotion and acting appointment
7.2.1 Appointment of teaching staff

1. Guiding Principles
To ensure the quality of education, schools should consider giving priority to

trained teachers in appointment. In handling the appointment of teachers, SMCs are
reminded to note, in particular, the entry qualifications stipulated in the COAs, the
language proficiency requirement and the eligibility to teach physical education for
teachers, as well as the requirements for teacher registration stated in S42, S44, S48
and S49 of the Education Ordinance and the Second Schedule of the Education
Regulations. Please refer to Section 7.3 for more details on principles and procedures
of staff selection (including principals).
2. Responsibilities of SMC
The SMC should be responsible for ensuring that the following procedures are
properly executed, approving the appointment, issuing letters of appointment to and
entering into agreement on the terms of contract with the appointees.
a. Schools should assess the fitness and suitability of candidates for employment and
ensure that the candidates are registered teachers or possess the necessary
qualifications for registration as a registered or permitted teacher, with reference to
the minimum entry requirements for the respective rank/ grade stipulated in the
COAs.
b. For selection of suitable candidates to fill the teaching vacancies, schools should
verify carefully the qualification documents of the applicants, including their
Certificate of Registration as a Teacher and Certificate of Service from their
previous employers, and require the applicants to declare in the job application
form and/or other related documents whether they have been convicted of any
criminal offence in Hong Kong or elsewhere, or whether their registered teacher
or permitted teacher status has been cancelled/ refused, and to provide the details.
Schools should also state in the contract of services the consequences of
intentionally providing false information/ withholding any material information
(including the disciplinary action).
c. With the applicants’ prior consent, schools should consult their previous
employers about their job performance to ensure that the selected candidate is
suitable for the post.
d. The Hong Kong Police Force has launched the Sexual Conviction Record Check
(SCRC) scheme since 1 December 2011. To further safeguard the well-being of
students, schools are strongly advised to adopt the SCRC scheme to check whether
their prospective employees have any sexual conviction records and request them
to undergo SCRC at the advanced stage of the employment process. Applications
for SCRC should be submitted by the prospective employees voluntarily. Should
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the SMC decide not to request certain types of or individual prospective
employees to undergo SCRC, there should be thorough deliberation on the reasons
in a meeting of the Committee and the justifications have to be properly
documented in the notes of meeting.
e. The above paragraphs a to d are also applicable to teaching staff appointed on
temporary/ contract/ part-time basis, NETs, daily-rated supply teachers, teaching
staff paid out of other cash grants, etc.
f. Schools should determine the nature of appointment, e.g. offering appointment on
regular or temporary terms, on full-time or part-time basis, etc. Schools should
note the employment of regular teachers with Defined Contract Period, if any,
must be based on the genuine needs of the school with cogent reasons. Schools
should refrain from using this form of employment as a personnel management
tool, nor employing regular teachers with Defined Contract Period because they
are on probation.
g. Schools should approve the salary entitlement in accordance with the principles set
out in the COA and the “Guide to Salary Assessment”.
h. For the appointment of any teacher to occupy a teaching post in the staff
establishment or for a term not less than 6 months, schools should obtain approval
from the majority of managers of the school.
i. For the dismissal (including non-renewal of the employment contract after expiry)
of any teacher occupying a teaching post in the staff establishment or for a term
not less than 6 months, the decision should be approved by the majority of the
managers of the school at the SMC meeting.
j. Regarding the detailed arrangement of staff appointment, please refer to:
 EDBC005/2005 “Appointment of Staff in Schools”
 EDBC016/2017 “Measures for Strengthening the Protection of Students:
Appointment Matters of Schools”
 EDBCM179/2011 “Sexual Conviction Record Check Scheme”
 “Appointment Matters” webpage.
3. Appointment of school head

a. The functions of the school head have been defined in S58 of the Education
Ordinance. S53 and S57 of the Education Ordinance and relevant sections of the
COA also stipulate that the appointment of the school head should be approved by
the Permanent Secretary for Education (PSEd). For application for the
appointment of school head, please refer to the list of necessary documents to be
submitted at Appendix 1.
b. Furthermore, SMCs should observe the requirements on Certification for
Principalship as specified in
 EDBC001/2018 “Certification for Principalship”
 EDBC003/2018 “Arrangements for Renewing the Certification for Principalship”
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c. As professional leadership is a key factor contributing to school effectiveness, it is
essential that the headship be taken up by a person who demonstrates the qualities
to inspire and lead the staff and students. SMCs should also make reference to
the booklet “Selection and Appointment of a School Principal”.
4. Appointment of temporary teacher
The SMC may approve the employment of a temporary replacement on
monthly terms under the following circumstances:
a. to substitute for teaching staff who have been granted sick leave, maternity leave,
study leave or any approved leave for a period of not less than 90 days.
b. to fill a teaching vacancy under exceptional circumstances, justifications for which
should be properly documented.
5. Appointment of unqualified teacher
Under no circumstances should a person unable to satisfy the minimum
qualifications required for entry to the teaching profession be considered for
appointment except with strong justifications. In such cases, the SMC has to
obtain the prior approval of PSEd.
6. Appointment of supply teacher
a. The SMC is responsible for the appointment of supply teachers who are paid on
fixed daily rates according to the principles set out in the relevant COA.
Application for reimbursement should be directed to the Recurrent Subventions
Section of EDB.
b. For details, please refer to “Guidelines for Employment of Daily-rated Supply Teachers
in Aided Schools” available at “Supply Teacher” webpage.
7.2.2 Regrading
1. The regrading of serving non-graduate teachers of aided schools to fill the
vacancies of the graduate teacher posts should be approved by the SMC. All the
necessary procedures for regrading should be completed before the effective date,
including the approval by the SMC. Under normal circumstances, there should
be no retrospective effect for the date of regrading.
2. The regrading of serving non-graduate teachers to fill the vacancies of the graduate
teacher posts should be processed through a proper selection procedure, in
accordance with the relevant circulars and the entry requirements for graduate
posts as stipulated in the COA. Schools should also develop a set of school-based
criteria which are objective, fair and transparent to assess the suitability of
candidates with reference to the skills and attributes required for the posts.
3. Please refer to Section 7.3 for more details on the principles of and procedures for
staff selection. Regarding the enhancement of the ratio of graduate teacher posts
in public sector primary and secondary schools, please refer to:
 EDBC005/2015 “Enhancing the Ratio of Graduate Teacher Posts in Aided
Primary Schools”
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 EDBC004/2008 “Enhancement of Graduate Teacher Ratio in Aided Secondary
Schools”
4. The SMC should use the form for regrading to inform the Funds Section of the
Education Bureau of the school’s decision on granting approval for the teachers’
regrading applications so as to facilitate the adjustment of the teachers’ salary
particulars. Schools should also assess the teachers’ salary entitlement in
accordance with the principles detailed in the “Guide to Salary Assessment”.
The regrading form should be copied to the respective District School
Development Sections. Schools may access the relevant form on the
“Appointment Matters” webpage.
7.2.3 Appointment of non-teaching staff

1. The SMC of an aided school is responsible for the appointment of non-teaching
staff in accordance with the provisions of the COA. The appointment of
specialists in aided secondary schools, primary schools and special schools should
also comply with the qualifications, job requirements, staff establishment, salary
scales and conditions of appointment laid down in the COA. Appendix 2 gives a
summary of the various non-teaching posts in aided schools.
2. To ensure that the job applicants have met the appointment requirements for
selection purposes, schools should also follow paragraphs 2b to 2d of Section 7.2.1
above with prudence when employing non-teaching staff.
3. Schools in receipt of the Administration Grant/ Revised Administration Grant can

use the Grant flexibly to employ administrative staff, workshop attendants and
janitors to meet their specific needs. For example, they can employ staff or
contract out the cleaning or clerical duties, decide on the offer of full-time or
part-time appointment and determine the staff remuneration.
4. Schools in receipt of the Revised Administration Grant are allowed to pay the
actual salary of their clerical staff through the Salaries Grant and the salary of the
janitor staff through the Revised Administration Grant. Clerical staff paid out of
the Salaries Grant includes the grades of Assistant Clerical Officer and Clerical
Assistant. Schools should refer to the conditions of appointment and salary scale
stipulated in the COA. Incremental credits would be awarded to clerical staff for
past experience in aided schools without break of service. Schools are allowed to
use the Revised Administration Grant flexibly in the same way as the
Administration Grant, i.e. to employ janitor staff, contract out services and provide
extra clerical services to meet their specific needs.
5. Administration Grant and the Revised Administration Grant are calculated as

follows :
Administration Grant (per annum)
(No. of clerical staff per approved establishment for the current school year x
mid-point salary of the clerical staff + No. of janitor staff per approved
establishment for the current school year x maximum point salary of the janitor
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staff) x 12
Revised Administration Grant (per annum)

No. of janitor staff per approved establishment for the current school year x
maximum point salary of the janitor staff x 12
6. The provision of the Revised Administration Grant is a transitional measure. In

the long run, it is expected that schools would pay the salaries of both clerical and
janitor staff through the Administration Grant. Hence, schools which have opted
for the Revised Administration Grant may opt for the Administration Grant if they
prefer so. The option once exercised in favour of the Administration Grant is
final and irrevocable.
7. Schools are requested to keep a separate ledger account named “Administration

Grant/ Revised Administration Grant Account” to reflect all income and
expenditure chargeable to it. The Administration Grant and the Revised
Administration Grant have been included in the constituent grants under the
Operating Expenses Block Grant (OEBG) with effect from the 2000/01 school year
and the Expanded Operating Expenses Block Grant (EOEBG) starting from the
2005/06 school year. Please refer to the reference materials of OEBG/ EOEBG
on the EDB webpage for details.
8. The proforma statement of the OEBG/ EOEBG is attached to the relevant Circular
Memorandum on submission of annual accounts by aided schools. The
completed proforma should be forwarded to the Audit Section of this Bureau
together with the Audited Accounts by the date specified in the Circular
Memorandum.
9. Provision of School-based Educational Psychologists in Aided Primary and

Secondary Schools
a. As recommended by the “Education Commission Report No. 4”, the former

Education Department had created 12 Educational Psychologists (EP) posts in the
aided sector since 1993/94 under the Schools Support Scheme (SSS) to allow
major sponsoring bodies of aided secondary schools operating a minimum of 6
schools to employ school-based EPs for providing psychological services
according to the following scale:
No. of aided secondary schools Provision of EPs
operated by the same sponsor
6 - 10 0.5
11 -15 1.0
16 - 20 1.5
21 - 25 2.0
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b. To step up support for schools in catering for students’ diverse educational needs,
the EDB has started to extend progressively the provision of School-based
Educational Psychology Service (SBEPS) by creating new EP posts in aided
primary and secondary schools, starting from the 2008/09 school year. School
sponsoring bodies (SSBs) are invited to apply for these EP posts to provide SBEPS
to schools assigned by the Bureau. The SSBs previously awarded EP posts under
SSS shall pool together all EP resources under SSS and SBEPS to serve all schools
assigned. This can allow all secondary schools under SSS be simultaneously
improved with more frequent EP visits, enhanced professional supervision and
better service coordination.
c. The SSB awarded EP post is to arrange a ‘base school’ under its sponsorship to
employ the EP as a member of its non-teaching specialist staff and to provide
SBEPS for schools assigned by the Bureau. The ‘base school’ shall work jointly
with the SSB to oversee and monitor the staffing matters of the EP, such as
appointment and promotion in accordance with the principles set out in the COA.
d. For the above-mentioned SBEPS, EPs will support school development at the
school system, teacher support and student support levels through regular school
visits. General duties of EP are laid down in the COA. Where possible, the
facilities listed below should be made available in schools where the EP is
stationed on designated days:
 interviewing room for individual assessment/counselling or other consultation

work; and
 other amenities in school e.g. a filing cabinet with lock, computer, printing
facilities and stationery.
7.2.4 Promotion and acting appointment

1. As regards promotion and acting appointment, the responsibilities of the SMC are:
a. to define clearly and make known the distribution of responsible posts, including
the delineation of duties in accordance with the organization structure of the
school;
b. to ensure a fair distribution of workload;
c. to set requirements on top of the minimum requirements to meet schools’ needs as
necessary;
d. to select suitable candidates to take up the responsible posts with reference to the
respective selection criteria;
e. to complete all the necessary procedures before the effective date, including the
approval by the SMC (under normal circumstances, there should be no
retrospective effect for the date of promotion and acting appointment);
f. to approve acting appointments and promotions of laboratory technicians and
specialist staff;
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g. to provide for reversion and change of responsible posts; and
h. to put in place an appeal mechanism to handle staff queries.
2. For aided schools to make arrangement for acting appointment and granting of
acting allowance, the SMCs are required to observe the rules set out in the relevant
Codes of Aid and EDBC008/2004 “Acting Appointment and Acting Allowance”.
If a principal/teacher on acting appointment is granted leave or absence for more
than 3 consecutive days which affects the calculation of the qualifying period
and/or involves the forfeiture of acting allowance, the SMC is required to notify
the Education Bureau for calculation of the qualifying period and the acting
allowance.
3. Please refer to Section 7.3 for more details on principles and procedures of staff
selection. For general principles of promotion, acting appointment and regrading
of teachers/ specialists in aided schools, please refer to EDBC030/2000
“Promotion, Acting Appointment, Regrading of Teachers/ Specialists and Passage
over Efficiency Bar of Specialist Staff in Aided Schools” and EDBC036/2001
“Provision of One Additional Senior Teacher Post in Aided Primary Schools”.
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7.3 Staff selection
7.3.1 General principles and procedures

1. The SMC has to draw up guidelines and procedures governing the appointment,
regrading and promotion of teachers. Selection of staff must be determined
solely on the basis of merit and ability assessed according to a set of criteria
relevant to the requirements of the work to be performed. All selection exercises
(including appointments, regrading and promotions) should be handled by a
selection panel, the role of which is to assess the relative suitability of applicants
and to make recommendations on the applicants who best meet the criteria. A
checklist on staff recruitment procedures and a flow chart on promotion and acting
appointment are at Appendices 3, 4 & 5. Appendix 6 details the procedures for
regrading in primary schools, and similar procedures can be adopted for secondary
schools.
2. The basic principles and some key features of an effective selection system are
highlighted below to facilitate the formulation of school policies and procedures.
a. Fairness and transparency
 Formal selection procedures should be set up under the principles of fairness and
transparency.
 All vacancies should either be advertised in the press, or circulated by internal
circulars (for promotions, acting appointments and regrading of serving staff only)
as appropriate. Information in the advertisement should be gender-neutral and
discrimination-free (including race, religion, sex, marital status, pregnancy,
disability, family status, etc.). The number of vacant posts for appointment,
regrading, acting appointment or promotion should be made known to applicants.
 Selection procedures for appointment, regrading, acting appointment and
promotion (such as any arrangement for written assessment, number of interviews
and the time for the announcement of result(s)), should be clearly understood by
applicants and should be made known to parties concerned. Any deviation from
the specified procedures should be justified and approved by the SMC.
 Applicants who meet the stipulated minimum requirements should be given equal
opportunity for selection.
 If the school has a well-established appraisal system, the candidates’ performance
appraisal reports over a specified period may also be taken into account in
promotion exercises.
 An independent selection panel should be appointed to consider all applications.
 Applicants should be assessed according to predetermined criteria and specified
procedures. A standard form should be used to record assessments made by
individual panel members. Assessment criteria relevant to the work to be
performed, whether for shortlisting applicants or assessment purposes, must be
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free from bias and discrimination in terms of disability, sex, marital status,
pregnancy, etc. The criteria must be documented and made available to all
applicants.
b. Documentation
 The composition and deliberations of the selection panel should be properly
documented and recorded on an assessment form. All personal data must be
handled with care in accordance with the requirements of the Personal Data
(Privacy) Ordinance. In case of doubt, schools may consult the Office of the
Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data (PCPD).
 Schools should note that the assessment record will be subject to data access by
the individuals concerned after the completion of the selection exercise. Hence,
the reasons for recommending or not recommending applicants should be noted
clearly on the assessment form.
 It is also preferable for separate records to be kept of the individual assessment and
overall recommendations. The panel’s comparison of the relative merits of
individual candidates and the recommendations made by the panel should be
classified “restricted”. Decisions of the SMC should also be properly
documented. Please refer to Appendix 8 for the period suggested for the
retention of such data.
c. Review
 The SMC may have to appoint an independent review panel on an ad hoc basis to
handle any complaint made by unsuccessful applicants. The review should also
be documented.
 The SMC also needs to conduct regular overall reviews of the selection criteria
and procedures in adequate consultation with the staff concerned. For the sake of
fairness, the composition of the review panel should differ from the selection
panel.
7.3.2 Selection panel
1. Membership
a. To ensure that decisions are made objectively, the shortlisting and interviewing of
applicants should not be conducted by one person.
b. For impartiality in decision-making, the selection panel should comprise a good
representation of stakeholders. It is also essential to include professionals
familiar with the job requirements of the vacant post.
c. For recruiting staff other than the school head, it is recommended that the panel
should comprise the following members:
 an SMC member other than the school head
 the school head
 a senior teacher of the respective subject such as the Head of the History Panel for
the recruitment of history teachers, or a senior administrative staff, depending on
the nature of the post to be filled
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d. For recruiting the school head, the SMC should consider appointing a panel
comprising representatives of the following stakeholders:
 the school sponsoring body
 parents of students at the school
 independent persons
 alumni
e. An EDB representative may also join the panel as an observer upon invitation or
when PSEd considers this necessary.
f. The membership of all selection panels should be approved by the SMC and
communicated to all parties concerned.
2. Conflict of interest
a. To safeguard fairness in decisions, all managers and staff including the school
head and individuals involved in the selection or approval process should be
required to:
 declare conflict of interest if any applicant is his/ her family member, relative,
friend or a person to whom he/ she owes a favour or is obligated in any way; and
 refrain from taking part in the selection assessment if there is any conflict of
interest.
b. Such declarations should be recorded, e.g. in the standard assessment form used
for evaluating candidates or the notes of panel meetings. Appendix 11 elaborates
in more detail on the subject of conflict of interest.
3. Implementation
a. The Chairperson, Secretary and members of the selection panel should understand
their roles and responsibilities before conducting the selection exercise.
b. To facilitate a decision by vote, there should be an odd number of members on the
panel.
c. Panel members are required to sign all documents, which should include
assessment forms in respect of individual candidates and recommendations of the
panel. The records should be kept for a prescribed period of time.
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7.4 Administrative procedures for the appointment of school staff
7.4.1 Physical check-up

1. All teaching staff (other than supply teachers paid on daily rates) should, before
appointment, undergo a physical check-up by registered medical practitioners.
Serving registered teachers on transfer from one aided school to another without
break of service are exempted from this requirement.
2. The SMC may exempt teachers and other staff from a pre-employment X-ray
examination under the conditions specified in the COA and the conditions as set
out in “Medical Examination and Health Condition of Staff”.
7.4.2 Verification of qualifications and experience

1. The School head shall verify the qualifications, experience and other personal
particulars of the applicant. The related appendices of the COA and the “Guide
to Salary Assessment” are relevant.
2. The SMCs are reminded to check whether the staff to be appointed has fully
complied with all the terms of the contract he/ she signed with his/ her previous
employers before offering appointment.
3. The SMC should ensure that the teacher to be appointed has fulfilled the minimum
requirements. Prior to employing teaching staff holding non-local academic
and/or professional qualifications, the SMCs are required to ascertain whether their
qualifications are comparable to the local qualifications required for appointment.
Please refer to EDBC001/2005 “Assessment of Non-local Qualifications for
Appointment to Teaching Posts in Aided Schools and Registration of Teachers for
All Non-government Schools” for details.
4. Before employing teaching or non-teaching staff, schools
a. must verify carefully the original copy of the identity and teacher registration
documents produced by candidates (including teachers employed on short-term
contracts) and keep record of copies of teacher registration documents (applicable
to both registered and permitted teachers) for future checking. In case of doubt
about a potential appointee’s teacher registration status, schools may apply to the
EDB for enquiry on his/her registration status and the relevant information upon
obtaining his/her consent. The application form can be downloaded from the
EDB webpage on “Teacher Registration”;
b. should require the applicant to declare in the job application form and/or other
related documents whether he/ she has been convicted of any criminal offence in
Hong Kong or elsewhere, or whether his/ her registered teacher or permitted
teacher status has been cancelled/ refused, and to provide the details;
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c. should request prospective employees to undergo Sexual Conviction Record
Check (SCRC) (which is voluntary in nature) at the advanced stage of the
employment process (Note: If the SMC decides not to request certain types of or
individual prospective employees to undergo SCRC, there should be a thorough
deliberation on the reasons in a meeting of the Committee and the justifications
have to be properly documented in the notes of meeting.);
d. should inform the candidates that their job applications will not be considered if
they refuse to disclose the necessary information or undergo SCRC, and that any
conviction of criminal offence(s) may not necessarily render their applications
unsuccessful;
e. should check the certificates of service issued by the candidates’ previous

employers and with the candidates’ consent, consult their previous employers
about their performance;
f. should request the staff who are self-employed and the outsourced service
providers to ask their staff to be deployed to work in schools to;
 declare in the job application form and/or other related documents whether he/she
has been convicted of any criminal offence in Hong Kong or elsewhere, and to
provide the details; and
 undergo SCRC and pass their check results to schools though they are not school
employees.
(Please also refer to the Checklist for recruitment procedures at Appendix 4.)
5. In making appointment considerations, the SMCs are also requested to observe the
following requirements:
a. Any teacher who has participated in the Early Retirement Scheme (ERS) for aided
school teachers or in the ERS for teaching grades staff in EDB is not allowed to
take up full-time or part-time teaching employment (including teaching posts
created by government funds which are for the purpose of providing additional
teachers to schools, but excluding those daily-rated part-time jobs each of duration
not more than 90 days) in government, aided, caput and DSS schools with effect
from the date of early retirement. Schools should not employ any ERS takers in
violation of the above re-employment restriction. Any salary expenditure
incurred (such as contribution to Mandatory Provident Fund, any statutory benefits
conferred by the Employment Ordinance, etc.) as a result of improper employment
of ERS takers in schools has to be borne by schools’ own funds.
b. Any new English/ Putonghua teacher holding a permanent post in all primary and
secondary schools should at least have met the Language Proficiency Requirement
(LPR) in all the papers (except for Classroom Language Assessment (CLA)) of the
respective subject(s) in the Language Proficiency Assessment for Teachers prior to
teaching the language subject. He/ She will have to meet the LPR in CLA within
the first year he/ she takes up his/ her teaching duties. For details, please refer to:
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 EDBCM131/2017 “Administrative Arrangements for Applications related to
Language Proficiency Requirement (LPR) for Teachers of English/ Putonghua
(PTH)”
 “Language Proficiency Requirement” webpage
c. New Chinese and English Language teachers in all primary and secondary schools
should hold the degree and teacher training qualifications as required in
EDBCM054/2004 “Implementation of Recommendations of Standing Committee
on Language Education and Research on Language Teacher Education and
Qualifications”. For details, please refer to the “Recommendations of Standing
Committee on Language Education and Research on Language Teacher Education
and Qualifications” webpage.
d. Physical education (PE) lessons in primary and secondary schools should be
conducted by those teachers who have received training in the teaching of PE. If
in doubt about personal qualifications, advice should be sought from the Education
Bureau with detailed information about the qualifications and previous training,
e.g. academic results, transcripts, etc for scrutiny. For details, please refer to the
“Teachers’ Eligibility to Teach PE” webpage.
e. For advice on appointment of specialist staff, schools may approach their
respective SSDOs.
6. Schools should create an account on the e-Services Portal for newly-appointed

monthly-paid teacher(s) and teaching assistant(s) (excluding “Teacher Assistants”
of special schools) as soon as possible, including teaching staff who are paid by
Salaries Grant, cash grants from the government or schools’ private funding.
Where necessary, schools may also create an account for daily-paid supply
teacher(s). The system will verify the registration status of the teacher(s)
automatically. In case of irregularities in the registration of the teacher(s)
concerned, the system will prompt the school to contact the EDB.
7.4.3 Teacher registration

1. Provision in the Education Ordinance
a. S42(1) of the Education Ordinance stipulates that – “No person shall teach in a
school unless he/ she is - (a) a registered teacher; or (b) a permitted teacher.”
b. Under S87(3) of the Education Ordinance, it is an offence for any person who is
not a registered or permitted teacher to teach in a school and the person who
employs or permits him to teach is also guilty of an offence. However,
subsection (5) provides a period of exemption for the application for registration to
be processed and ensures that the teacher and the employer are not placed in the
position of committing an offence during this period. The period of exemption
from penalty applies to a first application only.
c. Under S72(2) of the Education Ordinance, no person shall, without the permission
in writing of the Permanent Secretary for Education, enter or remain in any school
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if at any time he/she has had his/her registration cancelled/ has been refused
registration.
d. Under S87(2) of the Education Ordinance, any person who contravenes S72(2)
shall be guilty of an offence.
2. Registration procedure
a. Supervisors and school heads should ensure that all teachers have undergone the
registration formalities. Teachers possessing the requisite qualifications for
registration as set out in Part I of the Second Schedule of the Education
Regulations must make their application in a prescribed form (Form 8), which has
to be submitted to the Teacher Registration Team of EDB for processing prior to
their assumption of duties. A Certificate of Registration as a Teacher (Form 9)
will be sent to the applicant after vetting and approval.
b. If no suitable registered teacher is available, the Supervisor may apply for
permission to employ an applicant as a permitted teacher. The Supervisor should
complete as soon as the appointment of teacher has been confirmed and submit
prior to the teacher’s assumption of duty a Form 10 (for a person who has never
been employed as a permitted teacher before) or a Form 11 (for a person who has
previously been a permitted teacher) in duplicate to the Teacher Registration Team.
If the application is approved after vetting, a Permit to Employ an Unregistered
Teacher (Form 12) specifying, where necessary, the limitation on the subjects and
levels permitted to teach will be sent by the Teacher Registration Team to the
Supervisor, with a copy to the teacher concerned. The Permit will automatically
be cancelled upon cessation of his/ her employment with the school specified
therein. As such, when the permitted teacher is employed by another school, the
school concerned has to apply for another permit to teach by completing a Form
11 even though the teacher concerned has already been registered as a permitted
techer previously.
c. In case of doubt about a potential appointee’s registration status, the school may
seek his/ her consent to apply to EDB for the release of teacher registration
information to the school.
d. For details, please refer to:
 “Teacher Registration” webpage
 EDBC011/2007 “Revised Procedures for Teacher Registration”
 EDB Circular Letter dated 23 July 2018 “Teacher Registration”
3. Restrictions imposed by the EDB on persons who have had their registration
cancelled/ have been refused registration
a. Unless with the permission in writing of the Permanent Secretary for Education,
persons who have had their teacher registration cancelled/ refused shall not enter or
remain in any school.
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b. Persons whose teacher registration has become invalid should no longer teach or
take up non-teaching duties in a school and the school should not remunerate these
persons out of government funds.
7.4.4 Employment contract

1. Provision in the Education Regulations
In accordance with R77, the SMC shall be responsible for issuing to all teachers
letters of appointment that shall set out - conditions of service, salary scale and
conditions of termination of appointment. The supervisor should, on behalf of
the SMC, sign on every copy of the letter of appointment for teachers.
2. Provision in the Employment Ordinance
In preparing the employment contract or letter of appointment, the SMC should
pay attention to S70 of the Employment Ordinance, which stipulates that – “Any
term of a contract of employment which purports to extinguish or reduce any right,
benefit or protection conferred upon the employee by this Ordinance shall be
void.”
3. Key elements to be included in the Employment Contract/ Letter of
Appointment
The SMC shall refer to all relevant legislation, the Codes and the circulars
currently in force in drawing up the terms and conditions of the appointment.
The following are key elements recommended for inclusion in the letter of
appointment:
a. Period of probation
b. Salary scale, incremental date and payment of salary
c. Nature of employment (e.g. regular teacher/ regular teacher with Defined Contract
Period/ contract teacher / temporary teacher, full time/ part time, etc.)
d. Rank (e.g. Certificated Master/Mistress, Assistant Primary School Master/Mistress,
Graduate Master/Mistress, etc.). For the appointment of contract teachers,
schools should determine the rank of the teachers by making reference to the
qualifications and duty requirements listed in the Codes of Aid and the duties of
the teachers, including teaching load, number of teaching periods, subjects, levels
and number of classes to be taught, as well as other duties
e. Description of duties
f. Outside work
g. Staff benefits such as provident fund and leave provisions
h. Absence from duties
i. Standards of professional conduct/ code of conduct
j. The requirement for staff to report forthwith any criminal proceedings against
them and the consequences of intentionally providing false information/
withholding any material information
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k. Policy on staff performance management
l. Termination of appointment and period of notice
m. Conditions for payment of salary on commencement/ termination of appointment
n. Retirement
o. Duty arrangements during bad weather such as typhoon, Black Rainstorm Warning
p. Future promotion prospects
q. Other employment conditions, including language proficiency requirement for
English/ Putonghua teachers, degree and teacher training qualifications for
Chinese and English Language teachers and Certification for Principalship for
school principals.
4. Major points to note in drafting the employment contract:
a. The Employment Ordinance stipulates that an employee who works continuously
for the same employer for four weeks or more, with at least 18 hours in each week,
is regarded as working under a continuous contract.
b. According to R77 of the Education Regulations, the responsibilities and duties
required of the teacher have to be specified in the employment contract.
c. A teacher employed full-time in a school administered under the terms of the
relevant COA shall not engage in duties outside the school in which he/ she is so
employed, except with the prior approval of the Supervisor. The SMC should
consider whether the outside work of the teacher would affect his/ her daily duties
or the work may give rise to a conflict of interest. It is advisable for the SMC to
state clearly the school’s policy regarding outside work.
d. In accordance with S85 of the Education Ordinance and its subsidiary legislation, a
teacher has to contribute to the Provident Fund Scheme and such an arrangement
should be included in the contract. The Grant Schools Provident Fund and the
Subsidized Schools Provident Fund are exempted from the Mandatory Provident
Fund Schemes Ordinance.
e. For employees who should enroll in a registered Mandatory Provident Fund (MPF)
Scheme according to the MPF Schemes Ordinance, schools, as an employer,
should for each contribution period
 make the employer’s mandatory contribution to the trustee of the Mandatory
Provident Fund Scheme, and
 deduct the employee’s mandatory contribution from the employee’s relevant
income (and NOT to include the employer’s contribution in the employee’s
relevant income).
f. Leave provision should be in compliance with the COA or the Employment
Ordinance as appropriate.
g. It is desirable to include in the contract the provision for disciplinary actions, as
well as the procedures for handling staff discipline and grievances.
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h. Regular teachers with Defined Contract Period are teachers within the approved
establishment, requirements as stipulated in the COA should be complied with in
the appointment /termination of the employment of the teachers.
i. The conditions, requirements and selection criteria for teacher promotion should
be laid down in the contract.
j. The arrangements and conditions for retirement and extension of service should be
spelt out clearly.
k. Other conditions may be added provided that they are in conformity with the
provisions of the legislation of Hong Kong, the COA and the instructions that
PSEd may issue to schools from time to time.
l. Conditions of employment, qualifications requirements and fringe benefits for
NETs in aided primary/ secondary schools should be drawn up in accordance with
the COA for Primary/ Secondary Schools and the contents of relevant circulars or
circular memoranda on the programmes issued by the EDB. For details, please
refer to the following circulars or circular memoranda issued by the EDB:
 EDBC008/2009 “Native-speaking English Teacher (NET) Scheme in Primary
Schools – Payment of Fringe Benefits”
 EDBC009/2009 “Enhanced Native-speaking English Teacher (NET) Scheme in
Secondary Schools – Payment of Fringe Benefits”
 EDBC004/2012 “Native-speaking English Teacher Scheme in Primary Schools –
Payment of Contract Gratuity and Payment of Tax before Leaving Hong Kong”
 EDBC005/2012 “Enhanced Native-speaking English Teacher Scheme in
Secondary Schools – Payment of Contract Gratuity and Payment of Tax before
Leaving Hong Kong”
 EDBC002/2013 “Retention Incentive for Native-speaking English Teachers (NETs)
under the Enhanced NET Scheme in Secondary Schools/NET Scheme in Primary
Schools”
 EDBCM039/2018 “Native-speaking English Teacher (NET) Scheme in Primary
Schools - Appointment and Re-appointment of NETs in the 2018/19 School Year”
 EDBCM040/2018 “Enhanced Native-speaking English Teacher (NET) Scheme in
Secondary Schools - Appointment and Re-appointment of NETs in the 2018/19
School Year”
 EDBC007/2013 “Native-speaking English Teacher (NET) Scheme in Primary
Schools – Letter of Appointment”
 EDBC008/2013 “Enhanced Native-speaking English Teacher (NET) Scheme in
Secondary Schools – Letter of Appointment”
m. As employment contracts are private contracts, schools should note that the actual
terms upon which a school engages its teachers constitute a matter of a private
contract. Schools are also required to include all relevant requirements for
appointment in the conditions of service and make modifications to the letters of
appointment and conditions of service to suit the circumstances of each
appointment.
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n. When using various cash grants to employ teaching and non-teaching staff,
schools should adopt the practices of good employers in setting reasonable
remuneration for the staff and maintain good communication with them on
employment matters such as salaries and benefits, etc. For details, please refer to
the relevant paragraphs in the yearly EDBCM regarding Operating Expenses
Block Grant, Expanded Operating Expenses Block Grant and Composite Furniture
and Equipment Grant for Aided Schools. Besides, please refer to
EDBC010/2017 “Optimising the Use of Teaching Manpower Resources” and
cooperate fully by optimising the use of the teaching manpower resources through
the implementation of measures set out in the guidelines contained in the circular
and provide reasonable remunerations and appropriate support for appointing
contract teachers.
o. Before signing the contract, schools should allow reasonable time for the teaching
and non-teaching staff to read through and enquire about the contents of the letter
of appointment and conditions of service. A signed copy of which should also be
provided to the staff for retention.
7.4.5 Staff data and personal file

1. The personal data of every member of staff in the school should be kept in a staff
personal file.
2. In formulating their policies and procedures for collecting and handling personal
information of staff, schools should refer to the Code of Practice on Human
Resource Management issued by the Office of the Privacy Commissioner for
Personal Data (PCPD). Schools should note that the Personal Data (Privacy)
Ordinance provides for a data subject the right of access to both factual and
evaluative personal data, except for the exemptions provided in Part VIII of the
said Ordinance. The guidelines set out in the Ordinance must be observed in
handling such a request. In case of doubt, schools may browse the “PCPD”
website. Schools can also download the Data Access Request Form specified by
the PCPD and other resource materials relating to data privacy.
3. Employment-related data should be properly kept. The information/ documents

recommended for inclusion in the staff personal file and their retention periods are
at Appendices 7 and 8.
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7.5 Rights and benefits of school employees
7.5.1 Employment protection under the Employment Ordinance

As stipulated in Part VIA of the Employment Ordinance, an employee may claim
remedies for unreasonable dismissal, unreasonable variation of the terms of the
employment contract, and unreasonable and unlawful dismissal. The SMC must
familiarize themselves with the related provisions.
7.5.2 Staff safety and staff injured on duty

1. Provisions in relevant ordinances
With the implementation of the Occupational Safety and Health Ordinance,
employers have a general duty to ensure, so far as reasonably practicable, the
safety and health of their employees at work. Employees at work are required to
take care of others and to co-operate with the employers or other persons in order
to comply with the requirements of the Ordinance. The Labour Department has
issued the “Occupational Safety and Health in Schools”, suggesting precautionary
measures to prevent accidents and occupational diseases in schools.
2. Sick leave for injury on duty and compensation
a. Subvented staff injured on duty will be paid full salary during the sick leave period,
and compensation in accordance with the Employees’ Compensation Ordinance.
The sick leave will not count against the staff’s normal sick leave entitlement.
b. Non-subvented staff injured on duty will be paid periodical payments and
compensation in accordance with the Employees’ Compensation Ordinance.
c. For details, please refer to the “Staff Injured on Duty” webpage.
3. Insurance
a. The Government has taken out an employees’ compensation insurance under the
Block Insurance Policy for aided schools in respect of staff subvented by EDB.
The Government has also taken out a Medical Malpractice Insurance Policy for
paramedical and nursing staff in aided special schools.
b. For staff whose salaries are not paid by EDB subventions, schools should arrange
their own employees’ compensation insurance to cover them, and the premium
should be borne by the schools' own funds.
c. Schools should notify the insurance company of staff injury cases as soon as
possible and claim reimbursement according to the procedures laid down in the
relevant policy.
d. For details, please refer to EDBCM138/2017 “Block Insurance Policy for Public
Liability, Employees’ Compensation and Group Personal Accident for 2017/18
and 2018/19 School Years”.
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7.5.3 Leave matters
1. Policy formulation
a. Policies relating to granting of leave should be developed in consultation with staff
to ensure impartiality and consistency. The details of these policies, including
the application and processing procedures, leave entitlement and principles for
granting leave (including school-based principles of handling unusual situation)
should be communicated to all staff to ensure that they are aware of the policies
and comply with them.
b. The SMC may grant leave to staff in accordance with the conditions stipulated in
the COA, the Employment Ordinance and any instruction PSEd may issue from
time to time. Appendix 9 gives a summary of the leave provisions for staff
appointed in aided schools. Depending on the nature of the leave taken, the SMC
may delegate to the school head the approving authority for granting leave.
Appendix 10 outlines the approving authority for various types of leave and also
suggests delegation arrangements for schools’ reference.
2. Leave records
a. Schools should keep up-to-date leave records for their staff and such records shall
be available for EDB’s inspection as and when required. Schools may refer to
EDBC001/2006 “Granting of Leave in Aided Schools” and “Guidelines for
Granting of Leave” available on EDB Homepage for samples of leave records for
teaching and non-teaching staff.
b. Schools are required to send to EDB annual records of leave granted to teachers
for PSEd’s endorsement in August each year. As for non-teaching staff, the leave
records are not required to be sent to PSEd for endorsement but schools are
reminded to keep proper and up-to-date records.
3. Leave for teaching and non-teaching staff
a. Teaching staff
 All teaching staff shall be eligible for sick leave, special tuberculosis leave, study
leave, and other paid leave, according to the conditions and entitlement laid down
in the COA.
 All female teaching staff are entitled to maternity protection under the
Employment Ordinance and receive full pay during the period of maternity leave
in accordance with the provision of the COA.
 Male teaching staff fulfilling the related requirements as stipulated in the
Employment Ordinance are entitled to paternity leave. Please refer to
EDBC016/2015 “Granting of Paternity Leave to Staff in Aided, Caput and Direct
Subsidy Scheme Schools” for details.
 Daily-rated supply teachers regarded as working under a continuous contract under
the Employment Ordinance may enjoy leave entitlement as laid down in that
Ordinance.
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b. Non-teaching staff
 Laboratory technicians and specialist staff (including school social workers,
speech therapists, nurses, wardens, educational psychologists, etc.) are provided
with the same paid sick leave, special tuberculosis leave and study leave endorsed
by the PSEd in advance as those accorded to teaching staff.
 Laboratory technicians and specialist staff are not entitled to school holidays, but
may be granted paid annual leave according to the entitlement stipulated in the
COA.
 Clerical staff paid out of the Salaries Grant are also entitled to paid annual leave
according to the entitlement stipulated in the COA. Other than this, the
provisions of the Employment Ordinance shall apply.
 All other non-teaching staff including janitor staff, drivers, cooks, etc. shall enjoy
the leave benefits stipulated in the Employment Ordinance. All female
non-teaching staff, including laboratory technicians and specialist staff, are entitled
to the maternity leave provided under the Employment Ordinance. Male
non-teaching staff, including laboratory technicians and specialist staff, fulfilling
the related requirements as stipulated in the Employment Ordinance are entitled to
paternity leave. Schools may refer to EDBC016/2015 “Granting of Paternity
Leave to Staff in Aided, Caput and Direct Subsidy Scheme Schools” for details.
 Daily-rated supply staff regarded as working under a continuous contract under the
Employment Ordinance may enjoy leave entitlement as laid down in that
Ordinance.
7.5.4 Provident Fund Scheme
1. Teaching staff
a. All teaching staff who are approved under the Code of Aid, except those
temporary teachers and teachers over the age of 55 on first appointment to aided
schools, are required to join the Provident Fund Scheme and contribute to either
the Grant Schools Provident Fund or the Subsidized Schools Provident Fund.
Please refer to EDB webpage for details relating to Provident Fund. An extract
from the Provident Fund Rules stating the benefits that a teacher-contributor may
receive from the Funds is in an appendix of the relevant COA.
b. The employer’s donation, together with interests/ dividends in the provident fund
and/or any retirement gratuity of the teaching staff, will be offset against the
severance pay or long service payment upon dismissal/ resignation/ retirement as
stipulated in the Employment Ordinance.
c. If a teacher ceases to contribute to G/SSPF, either temporarily or permanently, for
reasons like retirement, resignation, change of employment terms and so on,
his/her serving school should remind him/her to follow up with his/her G/SSPF
Account properly and promptly, e.g. application for keeping his/her G/SSPF
Account open for the period of the break of service or withdrawal of his/her
G/SSPF. For details, please refer to the relevant FAQs on the EDB webpage.
Schools may issue a letter to teachers who have tendered resignation or retirement
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to alert them of the above. A sample letter is available on the relevant EDB
webpage.
d. If the teachers concerned are compulsorily retired, or dismissed or their contracts
are terminated (on completion or otherwise), or voluntarily retire, resign or
terminate their contract (on completion or otherwise) in order to avoid compulsory
retirement, dismissal, or termination of their contract due to professional
misconduct or conviction of offence(s), schools should inform their respective
SSDO when handling applications for Provident Fund withdrawal.
e. Temporary teachers appointed for 60 days or more and new recruits over the age
of 55 on first appointment to aided schools are required to join the Mandatory
Provident Fund (MPF) Scheme.
2. Non-teaching staff
Unless specifically exempted under the Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes
Ordinance (MPFSO) or employed for less than 60 days, all employees are required
to contribute to a registered MPF scheme or “Occupational Retirement Schemes
Ordinance” schemes exempted from the MPFSO.
7.5.5 Long Service Payment/ Severance Payment for non-teaching staff

Upon dismissal/ resignation/ retirement of non-teaching staff, schools are required
to pay Long Service Payment/ Severance Payment in accordance with the amount due
to the staff as stipulated in the Employment Ordinance. The amount paid to the staff
must be offset against the employer’s contribution to the Provident Fund/ Mandatory
Provident Fund Scheme together with any interest/ dividends and/or any gratuity. For
details, please refer to the “Severance Payment and Long Service Payment” webpage.
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7.6 Staff development
7.6.1 Introduction
The professional competence and performance of staff have an important bearing
on the quality of education and influence directly on the development of students. To
cope with the challenges of the education system and the ever-changing societal needs,
principals and teachers have to develop their professional knowledge and skills through
continuing professional development (CPD) to keep abreast of the latest trends and
demands. For details of CPD of principals and teachers, please refer to
EDBC031/2002 “Principals’ Continuing Professional Development” and the
documents on teachers’ CPD issued by the ex-Advisory Committee on Teacher
Education and Qualifications, which was renamed the Committee on Professional
Development of Teachers and Principals on 1 June 2013.
7.6.2 Responsibilities of the SMC

The SMC should draw up a policy for staff development in consultation with staff
(including the principal and teachers) and set up a committee to identify staff
professional development needs and oversee the planning of appropriate staff
development programmes. To facilitate active participation of staff in these
programmes, school should nurture a learning climate and provide timely support and
appropriate resources for staff development.
7.6.3 Staff development planning

1. Staff development planning is an important component of school development.
Schools should ensure that their school-based CPD policy is in line with the major
concerns of their school development plan taking into consideration their specific
needs and contexts. For instance, for schools with a significant number of
newly-appointed teachers, teacher induction and mentoring programmes should
form an integral part of their CPD policy, whereas for schools with anticipated
staff changes in the school management, leadership training for senior teachers and
succession planning should be accorded higher priority.
2. Teachers’ CPD caters for both personal and school development needs. The
prioritisation of CPD is a matter of agreement between individual teachers and
their schools, with the ultimate aim to serve the educational interests of students.
At individual level, teachers could apply the Teacher Competencies Framework
(TCF), which covers the four domains of “Teaching and Learning”, “Student
Development”, “School Development” and “Professional Relationships and
Services”, in their own CPD planning for all-round development of their
professional knowledge and skills. When discussing the CPD plan with individual
teachers, schools should focus on their professional needs at different stages of
career and professional growth. For example, for Chinese and English Language
teachers, they should consider when and how to attain the training and
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qualifications requirements as recommended by the Standing Committee on
Language Education and Research. At school level, schools could gain a better
understanding of the collective competency of their staff in respect of each domain
by making reference to the TCF and devise their school-based CPD policy
according to the school development needs. To foster consensus building,
schools should engage teachers in the identification and prioritisation of CPD.
3. When implementing their school-based CPD policy, schools should appropriately

deploy manpower and other resources as well as properly use the grants or
subsidies available to facilitate staff training and development.
4. At regular intervals, schools should collect feedback from staff and evaluate the
effectiveness of their school-based CPD policy. Besides reporting the evaluation
findings to the SMC, schools should make good use of such findings to inform
future planning.
7.6.4 Recognition and Incentive

1. Schools are encouraged to nominate eligible teachers to participate in the
following two annual territory-wide events to give recognition to accomplished
teachers and to enhance teachers’ professional image and social status:
a. Teachers’ Day organized by the Committee on Respect Our Teachers Campaign
(CROTC) with sponsorship from the EDB which serves as a reminder to all of the
enduring importance of the teaching profession. For details, please visit the
“CROTC” website; and
b. The Chief Executive’s Award for Teaching Excellence (CEATE) organized by
EDB with funding support from the Quality Education Fund which aims to express
Government’s regards and respect to teachers involved in the teaching of different
areas. For more information, please refer to the “CEATE” website and
EDBCM88/2018 “Chief Executive’s Award for Teaching Excellence
(2018/2019)”.
2. Schools are encouraged to release the awarded teachers from their school work as
deemed appropriate so that the awarded teachers can share their professional
knowledge with other teachers. To foster a culture of sharing to enhance
professional growth in the teaching profession, the awarded teachers can conduct
seminars and demonstration lessons to disseminate their good practices, help other
teachers undergo professional development during study tours and take part in
secondment which provides opportunities for the exchange of expertise and
experience. The related details will be announced through EDBCM.
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7.7 Staff appraisal
1. Formal procedures for conducting staff appraisal should be laid down. In

consultation with staff, schools should develop a fair and open appraisal system
that serves to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of staff and identify
corresponding professional development needs.
2. The lines of reporting should be prepared at the beginning of the appraisal cycle.
Agreement should be reached between the appraiser and appraisee on the
performance targets at the beginning of the appraisal cycle. A mechanism for
review and moderation of the appraiser’s assessment should be in place. This
may include review by a countersigning officer.
3. The appraisee should be allowed to read the appraisal report and an appraisal
interview should be held to discuss its content.
4. An appeal mechanism should be in place whereby appeals are dealt with by the
SMC or a committee it appoints. Those involved in the appraisal, i.e. the
appraisee and appraiser, should not serve on the committee.
5. The appraisal of the school head should be conducted by the SMC. To help
schools develop their appraisal systems, a guide entitled Teacher Performance
Management is available at “School-based Management” webpage.
6. All appraisal exercises should be documented. Schools should establish a filing

system for keeping all staff appraisal records in line with the Personal Data
(Privacy) Ordinance.
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7.8 Staff conduct and discipline
Schools should take up the responsibilities in matters relating to staff conduct and
discipline so as to maintain and enhance the professional standards of teachers.
7.8.1 Standards of professional conduct

1. Schools should convey to all staff their expectations regarding teacher conduct and
performance on a regular basis through a variety of channels, such as staff
meetings and the teachers’ handbook. The “Code for the Education Profession of
Hong Kong” (extracted by the Council on Professional Conduct in Education)
provides some principles for setting standards of professional conduct for teachers.
It stipulates norms of behaviour, moral standards and social obligations widely
accepted by the teaching profession. Please refer to Chapter 2 of the aforesaid
Code for the standards of professional conduct for teachers.
2. A professional education worker is obliged to respect and abide by the law. Staff
members who are in breach of the law may threaten the interests of students and
bring disrepute to the school. In the event that criminal proceedings are instituted
against a staff member, regardless of whether the offence is committed during
office hours and whether it is duty-related, the staff member is obliged to report
the proceedings to his/ her employer (i.e. the school). If a staff member is
convicted of an offence by the court, disciplinary action may be imposed on him/
her by the school in consideration of the seriousness of the offence. Besides,
schools should report all suspected serious offence/ misconduct cases to the
Education Bureau.
7.8.2 Conflict of interest

1. All staff are subject to S9 of the Prevention of Bribery Ordinance. No staff may
accept an advantage without the permission of the employer, i.e. the SMC. Any
member of staff who wishes to accept an advantage must consult the school head,
who may, if so authorized by the SMC, give permission or refer the matter to the
SMC for decision.
2. The SMC should make sure that the relevant sections of the Prevention of Bribery
Ordinance are brought to the notice of all staff. Detailed guidelines on
acceptance of advantages are laid down in the relevant Administration Circular,
the latest issue of which is EDBC014/2003 “Acceptance of Advantages and
Donations by Schools and their Staff”.
3. Schools should formulate their policies and provide staff clear guidelines on the
avoidance of conflict of interest and the appropriate course of action to be taken in
case a conflict or perceived conflict of interest arises. More details are outlined
in Appendix 11.
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7.8.3 General principles in taking disciplinary actions
1. To maintain the necessary performance standards, the school management should
take action in respect of staff misconduct. Criteria used in determining any
disciplinary actions must be clear, reasonable, sufficient and legal. To avoid
resentment and disputes, it is advisable to formulate a policy on disciplinary
measures in consultation with staff. More details are outlined in Appendix 12
“Reference Points for Handling Cases of Teacher Misconduct”.
2. The conditions and procedures for disciplinary matters should be made known to
all staff. It is desirable to include such provisions in the employment contract.
3. Subject to the provision of the Employment Ordinance and the Codes, the SMC
may decide on the appropriate disciplinary action to be taken in managing staff
performance, including:
a. withholding an annual increment;
b. suspending a teacher from normal duties;
c. dismissal; and
d. summary dismissal.
4. Schools must comply with the following requirements stipulated in the Codes:
a. the notification period for withholding an annual increment;
b. the procedures for dismissal; and
c. the payment of salaries on termination of service.
5. Before any disciplinary action, other than summary dismissal, is taken, every
effort should be taken to ensure that staff are provided with the necessary support
and guidance to make improvement. As for cases which may warrant summary
dismissal, schools should observe the relevant sections stipulated in the Codes.
6. Staff concerned must be given adequate opportunity and reasonable time to

improve their performance and to address/ redress an accusation. The grievance
procedures should be clearly communicated to all staff, for example, by
incorporating the arrangements into the employment contract. Schools may make
provisions for past disciplinary records to be removed after a reasonable period of
time.
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7.9 Handling staff complaints
1. Occasionally, staff members may express their dissatisfaction or feeling of

injustice about the treatment they have received. The SMC should, in general,
handle staff grievances, disputes and complaints according to their own policies
and procedures.
2. Basic principles for the establishment of procedures for handling staff complaint
are as follows:
a. A school-based policy and procedure for handling staff complaint should be drawn
up in consultation with staff.
b. The policy and procedure, including the appeal mechanism, should be clearly
defined, made known and understood by all staff.
c. A system should be set up so that complaints against staff of different ranks are
investigated by an independent member of staff of the appropriate rank and
reviewed by a senior member of staff.
d. If possible, staff grievances should be settled at the lowest level, that is, the
immediate supervisor of the complainant. If the grievance cannot be settled, it
should be handled at a higher level of management.
e. If the grievance involves a complaint against the immediate supervisor, it is
advisable for the grievance to be dealt with by the next higher rank or an
independent committee, whichever is more applicable. Complaints about sexual
harassment should be handled by staff of the same sex as the complainant.
f. The SMC or a committee assigned should be responsible for handling complaints
and taking any necessary follow-up actions if grievances/complaints are lodged
against the school head or have not been satisfactorily settled at the level of the
school head.
g. Staff with a grievance should know whom to approach initially and the subsequent
steps that may be taken. It is also essential to define clearly the persons
responsible for receiving grievances at the various levels and how the grievances
are to be processed.
h. The staff member receiving the complainant should understand that he/she is
representing the school in the inquiry. He/she must ensure that the school’s
viewpoint is represented at the initial step of the grievance procedure.
i. Complaints should be handled speedily lest they may escalate. Time limits must
be stated within which answers or decisions will be given at various stages. As
part of the policy and procedure, it is desirable for immediate supervisors to be
given the authority to make decisions on grievances, particularly those of a minor
nature.
j. Complainants should be provided with a formal reply.
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k. The school should keep a proper record of all complaint cases, including all
interviews and investigation reports. All contents and information of the
complaint cases should be kept strictly confidential and restricted to the access of
authorized persons only.
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7.10 Staff resignation, retirement and extension of services
1. The SMC shall approve the resignation and retirement of all staff. Before
granting approval for the resignation or retirement of staff on the Salaries Grant
payroll, SMC should:
a. check whether the staff member has given sufficient notice in accordance with the
conditions of the COA or the Employment Ordinance as appropriate. A teacher
who has satisfactorily completed a probationary period should terminate his/ her
service by giving three months’ notice in writing. If a teacher fails to give
sufficient notice, he/ she should be required to pay an amount equivalent to his/ her
salary of the number of insufficient days of notice. The amount is capped at the
level of one months’ salary. The existing practice regarding the SMC’s authority,
provided in the COA, to waive the payment in lieu of sufficient notice remains
unchanged. The SMC should keep the record properly and inform the Permanent
Secretary of such a waiver and the reasons thereof. If the teacher who tenders
resignation is suspected of misconduct, school should also read this Section in
conjunction with “Reference Points for Handling Cases of Teacher Misconduct” at
Appendix 12.
b. check the last day of employment of the staff member concerned. The salaries of
that staff member shall normally cease immediately after the last day of
performance of full duties, except as provided for in the COA; and
c. issue replies, with reference to the sample letters available on EDB Homepage, to
the staff on the salaries grant payroll regarding his/her resignation or retirement
with copy to the respective Senior School Development Officer and relevant
sections of EDB. For cases of resignation or termination of contract, the letter
should include the message alerting the staff member to apply for keeping his/her
Grant/Subsidized Schools Provident Fund Account open. School may access the
sample letters on the “Appointment Matters” webpage in our official website.
For details about provident fund matters, please refer to the relevant FAQs on the
EDB webpage.
2. The SMC should specify in the Certificate of Service for a school head or teacher
(including contract teachers) the reason(s) for leaving the school (major types
include resignation, retirement, expiry of contract, dismissal, summary dismissal,
etc.) and other relevant employment details. Generally speaking, on transfer to
another school, a teacher should provide the new employer with a certificate of
service issued by his/her previous employer. The certificate should contain
information such as the dates of employment and resignation, rank of appointment,
full-time or part-time basis (for part-time job, should specify the percentage of a
full-time job), source of funding, number of days of no-pay leave, etc. to enable
the new employer to assess the teacher’s salary, incremental date and sick leave
benefits etc. accurately. If a teacher requests the school to issue the Certificate
together with a reference letter without indicating some of the items (such as sick
leave balance, no-pay leave taken and provident fund/severance payment/ex-gratia
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payment under the Early Retirement Scheme), the teacher must be informed that it
is his/her responsibility to provide complete employment information to the new
schools. School may access the sample Certificate of Service on the
“Appointment Matters” webpage in our official website.
3. The SMC / IMC must observe the sections 58A and 58B of the Education
Ordinance on retirement age of teachers and principals of aided schools. The
school head or any teacher who has attained the age of 60 before the
commencement of the school year shall not continue to be so employed, except
with the written permission of PSEd. The provisions do not apply to the
appointment of a temporary replacement for a teacher absent from duty or the
appointment of teachers beyond the approved staff establishment.
4. It is the responsibility of the SMC / IMC to observe and comply with the above
provisions on retirement age and plan ahead for succession in anticipation of
retirement of the incumbent. As a good practice on human resources
management and for the sustainable development of the schools, the SMC / IMC
should groom up a team of teachers and enrich their experience and exposure
through providing training and assigning duties to them. Applications for
extension of service of a teacher or principal who is due to retire will not be
granted except under very special circumstances. As such, extension of service
should only be seen as an exception rather than the rule. For details, please refer
to the latest circular memorandum on extension of service of teachers and
principals in aided schools.
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Appendix 1 Documents / Information to be submitted for application for the
appointment of school head
The information below is by no means exhaustive. Schools might be required to submit

additional supplementary information or documentary proof as and when necessary.
For redeployment of principals
For appointment of principals through open
among schools under the same SSB
recruitment / internal promotion
(applicable to IMC schools only)
1. Information / documents related to the recruitment 1. Information / documents (e.g.
exercise and selection procedures – letters from SSB and respective
a. an account of the recruitment process, IMCs) showing / stating –
including: a. the request / decision and the
 how the vacancy was announced (e.g. reasons of SSB for
advertisement / internal circular etc.) redeploying the principal of
 number of applications received one school to another school
 number of short-listed and interviewed under the same SSB is in
accordance with S40AG
applicants
(1)(a) & (2) of Education
 candidate selected, etc.
Ordinance (Cap. 279);
b. Documents on declaring conflict of interest
b. the IMC of the school the
from the staff involved in the recruitment
principal currently serving
process
has endorsed / will endorse
c. evidence of open recruitment (e.g. copy of the termination of his/her
the advertisement / internal circular) employment as the principal
d. selection criteria (e.g. weighting of different of the school; and
ascpects and assessment standards) c. the IMC of the applicant
e. assessment records of applicants short-listed school has endorsed the
and interviewed (e.g. assessment forms and recommendation on the
results) appointment of principal.
f. composition of principal selection committee [Note: For redeployment of
(applicable to IMC schools) / selection principals among schools under the
panel appointed by the SMC (applicable to same SSB, setting up of principal
schools which have yet to set up IMC) selection committee is not necessary,
g. reasons of recommending the aspiring S57A (6)(a) of Education Ordinance
principal, if any (Cap. 279) refers.]
h. endorsement of appointment of aspiring
principal by the IMC / SMC
2. Particulars of the principal, such as proof of teacher registration, employment visa for
non-Hong Kong citizen, certificates of academic attainment, letter of service certifying
previous working experience and substantive rank(s) in the last school served etc.
3. Proposed rank (substantive rank and acting rank, if applicable) of the principal
4. Other information deemed appropriate and necessary
Note: All copies of documents should be certified by the school supervisor.
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Appendix 2 Non-teaching staff employed in various types of aided schools
Non-specialist Staff
Secondary School Primary Special
(Note) School School
Clerk   
Clerical assistant   
Workshop attendant  
Janitor staff   
Artisan 
Motor/ Special driver 
Cooks  
Watchman  
Teacher assistant  
Laboratory Technician  
Specialist Staff
Secondary School Primary Special
(Note) School School
School social worker   
Educational psychologist   
Speech therapist 
Physiotherapist 
Occupational therapist 
Occupational therapist assistant 
School Nurse 
Warden  
Assistant Warden  
Houseparent-in-charge 
Houseparent 
Programme worker 
Boarding service master/

mistress
Brailling staff 
Note: including mainstreamed practical schools and skills opportunity schools
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Appendix 3 Appointment of teaching staff (Note)
School conducts recruitment exercise

Does the candidate Y Y Is the candidate a N
Is the candidate a
hold relevant local government
permanent resident?
qualifications? pensioner?
N Y N Y Y
Can the
Can the candidate Can the candidate candidate Y
provide documentary provide valid work provide approval
proof of qualification permit issued by the letter for
assessment? Immigration N employment
Department? issued by the
Government?
Y Has the candidate
N N participated in
any Early
Retirement
Scheme (ERS)?
School informs Is the job on N

the candidate that N daily-rated basis Y
his/ her application and of duration
is unsuccessful. not more than 90
days? Note 4
School completes
Standard N Can the candidate Does the candidate
Appointment provide need to teach English
Form to Funds Section of documentary Y Language,
EDB for payroll and proof of Putonghua, Physical
c.c. REO suitability? Education, other
N specialized subjects
or workshop
subjects?
Can the candidate

Y N
School issues letter of provide valid
appointment to the medical/ chest X ray
successful candidate Y certificate to prove
his/ her physical
fitness to teach?
Note:
1. The recruitment exercise as described in this Appendix is NOT applicable to the appointment of Native-speaking English Teachers
(NETs) under the NET Schemes. For details of appointment of NETs, schools should refer to the relevant circulars/ circular
memoranda issued by the Education Bureau.
2. For enhancement measures on appointment of teachers, please refer to the relevant sections of this Chapter (including 7.2.1, 7.4.2. 7.4.3,
7.4.4, 7.8.1, 7.10 and Appendix 4 ).
3. In case of doubt, school may consult SSDO on candidate’s eligibility. For the appointment of language teachers, please refer to EDB
webpage on Language Proficiency Requirement. For the eligibility to teach Physical Education, please refer to the following link:
http://cd1.edb.hkedcity.net/cd/pe/en/bb/PE_Teacher_Qualification_E.htm
4. Schools should not employ any ERS takers in violation of the re-employment restriction. Any salary expenditure incurred (such as
contribution to Mandatory Provident Fund, any statutory benefits conferred by the Employment Ordinance, etc.) as a result of improper
employment of ERS takers in schools has to be borne by schools’ own funds.
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Appendix 4 Checklist for recruitment procedures
1. The school should prepare job description and selection criteria for the post before
advertising the vacancy. All applications should be date-stamped and a register should be
kept of all the applications received.
2. The school should shortlist candidates for interview, according to the criteria endorsed by
the SMC. Shortlisting should be handled by more than one person as far as possible.
Otherwise, those applications not shortlisted should be screened or randomly checked by
a senior staff or an SMC member to ensure that qualified applicants have not been left out.
Reasons for elimination should be noted on the application form.
3. To ensure that the job applicants (Note 1) have met the appointment requirements for
selection purposes, schools should require the applicants to provide relevant personal
particulars including academic qualifications, relevant working experience and skills, etc.
Schools must verify carefully the qualification documents of the applicants, including
their Certificate of Registration as a Teacher and Certificate of Service from their
previous employers. Schools should also require the applicants to declare in the job
application form and/or other related documents whether (i) they have joined the Early
Retirement Schemes for teachers; (ii) they have been convicted of any criminal offence in
Hong Kong or elsewhere, (iii) or whether their registered teacher or permitted teacher
status has been cancelled/ refused, and to provide the details (Note 2).
4. In order to ascertain whether the prospective employees have previous convictions for
sexual offences, schools are strongly advised to adopt the Sexual Conviction Record
Check (SCRC) scheme (Note 3) and request them to undergo SCRC at the advanced
stage of the employment process (Note 4). Applications for SCRC should be submitted
by the prospective employees voluntarily.
5. Schools may consult the applicants’ previous employers about their job performance with
their prior consent to ensure that the selected candidate is suitable for the post.
6. The school may arrange test or examination or other means of assessment as necessary
and appropriate.
7. The school should prepare for selection interviews, including pre-interview briefing for
the selection panel.
Note 1 Applicants include staff appointed on temporary/contract/part-time basis, NETs, daily-rated supply
teachers/staff, staff paid out of other cash grants, teaching assistants, coaches/instructors leading
extra-curricular activities and/or those self-employed persons/ staff deployed to work in schools by
service contractors.
Note 2 Schools should inform the candidates that their job applications will not be considered if they refuse to
disclose the necessary information or undergo SCRC, and that any conviction of criminal offence(s)
may not necessarily render their applications unsuccessful.
Note 3 The Sexual Conviction Record Check (SCRC) is an administrative scheme to enable employers of
persons undertaking child-related work and work relating to mentally incapacitated persons (MIPs) to
check whether their prospective employees have any sexual conviction records. This scheme serves to
help employers assess the suitability of applicants for child or MIP-related work and afford better
protection to children and MIPs from sexual abuse. Details of the SCRC scheme are available at the
Hong Kong Police Force homepage.
Note 4 For self-employed staff and those to be deployed by outsourced service providers to work in schools,
schools should also request them and the outsourced service providers to ask their staff to undergo
SCRC and pass their check results to schools though they are not school employees.
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8. Selection panel must conduct selection interviews, assess each candidate according to the
predetermined criteria and compile the selection panel report.
9. The school must ensure that individual assessment records and the report on the panel’s
recommendations are separately documented.
10. Panel may consider approaching referees for views.
11. The recommendations of the selection panel must be forwarded to the SMC for approval.
12. In case of doubt about a potential appointee’s registration status, the school may seek his/
her consent to apply to EDB for the release of teacher registration information to the
school.
13. The school may notify candidates who are not selected or who are waitlisted.
14. The school must arrange appointment formalities for selected candidates, such as physical
examination and teacher registration.
15. The school must keep proper records of all documents relating to the recruitment exercise
for a reasonable period. Please refer to Appendix 8 for more details.
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Appendix 5 Staff promotion and acting appointment
SMC should consider the following before contemplating a promotion exercise and acting
appointments :
 vacancy exists in the staff establishment (Note)
 functional responsibilities assigned to the post are commensurate with the rank
 distribution of functional responsibilities can take care of the balanced development of
the school
 no overlapping of responsibilities among the promotion posts
 length of the post vacant for acting appointment (at least 30 days)

SMC should endorse the selection criteria, assessment methods and selection procedures.

Invites applications, making known the job description of the post(s), the selection criteria,
selection procedures and composition of the selection panel

Screens all applications, draws up a list of eligible candidates based on the criteria set, and
where applicable takes into consideration the candidates’ performance appraisal reports over a
specified period. If the list of applicants appears not to include a person of sufficient quality,
it is better to halt proceeding and make a second invitation at a later time.

SMC or the selection panel interviews all eligible candidates and records observations/
recommendations on their suitability. Where interviews are conducted by a selection panel, the
SMC will consider its recommendations and ensure that the predetermined criteria and
procedures have been complied with.

SMC approves the promotion/ acting appointment and informs the staff concerned, as well as
all staff, of the outcome.

School head assesses the salary of the staff selected for promotion or acting appointments.

SMC issues letter(s) to the teacher(s), confirming the effective date and the salary particulars.
The approval letter should be copied to :
 Funds Section & REO, EDB
 Commissioner of Inland Revenue

The school updates the staff establishment record and the e-Services Portal.
Note:
 For a School Sponsoring Body (SSB) operating more than one aided primary school, senior
teacher/headship vacancies in any school should be counted as available vacancies for redeployment of
redundant senior teachers/ over-ranked heads of another school at the corresponding rank. Where
circumstances warrant the SSB concerned may offset vacant senior teacher post(s) / headship rank in one
school against all types of redundant senior teacher(s) / over-ranked head in another. For details, please
208
refer to Appendix I of EDBCM041/2018 “Arrangements for Redundant Teachers of Aided Primary Schools
in the 2018/2019 School Year”.
 All the necessary procedures for promoting a teacher should be completed before the effective date,
including the approval by the SMC. Under normal circumstances, there should be no retrospective effect
for the date of promotion and acting appointment.
209
Appendix 6 Regrading of serving teachers of aided primary schools in the
non-graduate teaching grades to the graduate teaching grades
Regrading of serving teachers of aided primary schools in the non-graduate

teaching grades to the graduate teaching grades
(including primary special schools and special schools with primary section)
a. Vacancy/ Vacancies is/ are available in the PSM grade in the staff
establishment.

b. The SMC invites applications from teaching staff for regrading through
publicizing the vacancies available, the qualification requirements and the
selection criteria.

c. The SMC conducts the selection exercise. The SMC may decide whether
selection interviews should be conducted where appropriate.

d. The SMC assesses the suitability of all eligible serving teachers according to
their qualifications, character, ability, performance, duties, potential and overall
suitability for appointment. The school should request the prospective
teachers to approach the Hong Kong Council for Accreditation of Academic &
Vocational Qualifications for an assessment of their non-local qualifications if
necessary.
e. The SMC makes recommendations for filling the graduate teacher posts.

f. The SMC approves the regrading applications and issues letters to the staff
concerned, confirming the rank, effective date of regrading and salary
particulars, including responsibility allowance (if any).
g. Under normal circumstances, there should be no retrospective effect for the
date of regrading.
h. The SMC informs Funds Section of the EDB, and the respective SSDO of
REOs of the necessary details, using the standard form specified in the relevant
circular.
i. The SMC informs the Commissioner of Inland Revenue of the salary
particulars.

j. The school updates the staff establishment record and the e-Services Portal.
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Appendix 7 Suggested list of information to be kept in staff’s personal file
1. Personal particulars such as name, I.D. number, name of next of kin and his/ her
telephone number and address
2. Qualifications and experience
 an updated list of academic and professional qualifications supported by copies of
documentary evidence
 an updated list of working experiences supported by copies of Certificate(s) of
Service issued by the staff’s previous employer(s)
3. Employment record in present school
 date of appointment and date of subsequent changes in rank due to promotion/
regrading as appropriate
 post/ duties taken up
 salary and incremental date on appointment and subsequent change(s) of
incremental date
 date of termination of employment and reason, e.g. resigned on (day/ month/ year),
retired on (day/ month/ year), etc.
 relevant documents such as letter of resignation from staff, approval letters issued
by the SMC, certificate of service issued to staff, etc.
4. Payment of salary
 the bank account number through which the payment of salary is made
 wages in respect of each wage period
5. Provident Fund account
 statements of the provident fund account of the staff issued annually by the Funds
Section of EDB or the bank
6. Leave records
 leave entitlement and balance calculated in accordance with the COA or
Employment Ordinance as appropriate
 date(s) and nature of leave taken
7. Outside work
 records of all outside work approved by the Supervisor
8. In-service training
 records of all in-service training received, including seminars, workshops and
courses attended
9. Performance appraisal reports, disciplinary actions taken in respect of the staff,
assessment sheets of the selection panels for promotion exercises
10. Complaints against the staff and investigation reports
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Appendix 8 Suggested Retention Periods for Employment - Related Personal
Data
Factual Data Retention Period

Serving/ Former staff
a. Personal particulars of staff 1 year after the staff has left the service
b. Copies of certificates of
qualifications and professional
training
c. Copies of certificates of service of
previous employment
d. Record of salary particulars, annual
statement of individual provident
fund account, leave, outside work
e. Employment contract or
appointment letter
f. Declaration of interest, if any
Applications for appointment, regrading and promotion
a. Application forms and related File on staff personal file as appropriate
documents of successful applicant
b. Application forms and related 1 year after completion of the selection
documents of waitlisted or exercise or 1 year after resolution of any
unsuccessful applicant claim/ appeal/ complaint whichever is the
later
Evaluative Data Retention Period

Serving/ Former staff
a. Appraisal Report(s) 1 year after the staff has left the service
b. Previous employers’ or personal
reference
c. Other evaluative personal data
d. Medical examination/ chest X-ray as appropriate
report(s)
e. Documents relating to claims for no longer than 7 years after the staff has left
employees’ compensation the service or 1 year after resolution of any
claim/ appeal/ complaint, whichever is the
later
f. Certificate of service or testimonial no longer than 7 years after the staff has left
the service
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Evaluative Data Retention Period
Individual assessment record in appointment/ promotion/ regrading exercises
a. Assessment sheet(s)/ test score File on staff personal file as appropriate
sheet(s) of successful applicant
b. Assessment sheet(s), medical 1 year after the completion of recruitment
examination/ chest X-ray report(s) exercise or 1 year after resolution of any
of waitlisted and unsuccessful claim/ appeal/ complaint whichever is the
applicant for appointment later
c. Assessment sheet(s) of applicant 1 year after staff has left the service if the
for regrading or promotion applicant is a serving staff member and 1 year
after the completion of the exercise for other
applicants or 1 year after resolution of any
claim/ appeal/ complaint whichever is the
later
d. Reports of all selection panels in No longer than 2 years after completion of the
appointment/ regrading/ promotion selection exercise or 1 year after resolution of
exercises any claim/ appeal/ complaint, whichever is
the later
e. Investigation reports on staff 1 year after the staff has left the service or 1
misconduct year after resolution of any claim/ appeal/
complaint, whichever is the later
Note:
1. The list of employment-related personal data is by no means exhaustive. The
suggested retention period does not imply that the personal data in each category
must be held for the period shown. Schools are advised to refer to the Code of
Practice on Human Resource Management issued by PCPD in drawing up their
policies on the collection and retention of personal data.
2. Data users should always bear in mind the requirements of Data Protection
Principle 2 in Schedule 1 of the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance that personal
data must not be kept longer than is necessary for the fulfillment of the purpose for
which the data are to be used.
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Appendix 9 Leave entitlement for staff in Aided Schools
Non-teaching staff
Teaching Staff
Specialist staff (Note B)/ Non-specialist staff (Note C)
(Note A)
Lab. Technicians (LTs)
Leave for teaching staff, specialist staff and LTs shall be Leave for non-specialist of
granted in accordance with the provision of the COA and in non-teaching staff shall be granted in
compliance with the Employment Ordinance. In case of doubt, accordance with the provisions of the
schools should consult REO or the Labour Department as COA and in compliance with the
appropriate. Employment Ordinance. In case of
doubt, schools should consult REO or
the Labour Department as appropriate.
【Sick Leave】
1. Monthly-paid Teaching and Non-teaching staff
Non-teaching staff
Teaching Staff
(Note A)
a. 28 days on appointment, and 48 days on completion of a. For staff under a continuous
each succeeding year of service contract (Note D), 2 days for
b. Paid sick leave can be accumulated up to a maximum of each completed month of
168 days employment during the first 12
c. Same entitlement for full-time and part-time months of employment, and 4
monthly-paid teachers appointed on regular or temporary days for each completed month
basis of employment thereafter
d. Full pay within the maximum paid sick leave entitlement b. Paid sick leave can be
accumulated up to a maximum
e. Once the sick leave balance of a staff has been exhausted, of 120 days (Note E)
no-pay sick leave may be granted (Note H)
c. For staff paid out of the Salaries
f. Sick leave should be taken with half-day as the smallest Grant, full pay within the
unit. maximum paid sickness days;
g. Sick leave application exceeding 2 days must be the provision of Employment
supported by a valid medical certificate (Note F) Ordinance applies for other staff.
h. For teaching staff (Note A), sick leave balance will be d. Once the sick leave balance of a
forfeited with a break of service of more than one year staff has been exhausted, no-pay
(with effect from 1 September 2006) sick leave may be granted
i. For Specialist staff (Note B)/ Lab. Technicians (LTs), e. Sick leave application must be
sick leave balance will be forfeited with a break of service supported by a valid medical
of more than 45 days. certificate
f. For sick leave application in
excess of the leave balance in
Category 1 (Note E), the staff
may be required to produce a
medical certificate issued by a
hospital registered medical
practitioner, registered Chinese
medicine practitioner or
registered dentist.
214
2. Daily-Rated Supply Staff
Non-teaching staff
Teaching Staff
(Note A)
a. Daily-rated supply staff who have worked under a
continuous contract are eligible for sickness allowance in
accordance with the Employment Ordinance
b. Sick leave should be supported by a valid medical
certificate
【Maternity Leave For Female Staff】

Non-teaching staff
Teaching Staff
(Note A)
a. Maternity leave follows the provision of the Employment Ordinance, except as specified otherwise
b. Staff under a continuous contract before the commencement of maternity leave are entitled to:
 a continuous period of 10 weeks’ leave, including the actual date of confinement (Note G);
 a further period equal to the number of days from the day after the expected date of confinement to
the actual date of confinement if confinement occurs later than the expected date of confinement;
and
 an additional period of leave for not more than 4 weeks on the grounds of illness or disability due
to pregnancy or confinement. (For teachers/ specialist staff/ LTs, the additional maternity leave
may be granted as no-pay leave to bring the total absence up to 6 months.)
c. The period of paid maternity leave is confined to 10 weeks. (Note G) .
d. Staff fulfilling the following criteria are eligible for paid maternity leave:
 completed 40 weeks of resident service before the commencement of maternity leave for teachers/
specialist staff/ LTs
 completed 40 weeks of service under a continuous contract before the commencement of maternity
leave for staff paid out of the Administration Grant/ Revised Administration Grant
e. Rate of pay
 full pay for teachers/ specialist staff/ LTs and non-teaching staff paid out of the Salaries Grant
 the provision of the Employment Ordinance applies for staff paid out of the Administration Grant/
Revised Administration Grant
f. The member of staff has to serve the school with notice of pregnancy and her intention to take
maternity leave after her pregnancy has been confirmed by a valid medical certificate issued by a
registered medical practitioner, a registered midwife or a registered Chinese medicine practitioner
(except for the certificate of the actual date of confinement). The school may require her to
produce a medical certificate which specifies the expected date of confinement or the actual date of
confinement as appropriate.
g. The teachers/ specialist staff/ LTs will be eligible for full pay for any part of the maternity leave
which falls wholly or partly within a major school holiday, i.e. Christmas, Chinese New Year,
Easter and Summer Vacation :
 staff whose maternity leave exceeds their entitled 10-week paid maternity leave; or
 staff having less than 40 weeks’ resident service.
h. Maternity leave entitlement for part-time monthly-paid teachers should be the same as that for
full-time monthly paid teachers.
215
【Paternity Leave For Male Staff】(w.e.f. 1.9.2015)
Non-teaching staff
Teaching Staff
(Note A)
a. Male staff fulfilling the related requirements as stipulated in the Employment Ordinance are
entitled to paternity leave. Concerned staff with not less than 40 weeks continuous service (Note D)
immediately before taking paternity leave are eligible for paid paternity leave.
b. Up to 5 working days with full-pay may be granted on each occasion of childbirth.
c. Eligible staff may choose to take paternity leave during the period from 4 weeks before the
expected date of childbirth to 10 weeks beginning on the actual date of childbirth.
d. Paternity leave may be taken in one stretch or in splits with half-day leave as the smallest unit.
e. Any untaken paternity leave after the above stated period will not be allowed to be encashed nor
carried forward.
Please refer to the EDBC016/2015 for details.
【Special Tuberculosis Leave】

Non-teaching staff
Teaching Staff
(Note A)
a. Terms in granting paid special tuberculosis leave: Nil
 > 1 but < 4 years of service: up to 3 months
 ≥4 but < 8 years of service: up to 6 months
 ≥8 years of service: 6 months’ leave PLUS 2 weeks’
leave for each additional year of service after having
served for 8 years, which is capped at a maximum of 12
months’ entitlement.
b. Full pay leave will be granted within the allowable
maximum with the support of a valid medical certificate.
c. Sick leave balance may be used if special tuberculosis
leave balance has been exhausted. Upon exhaustion of
special tuberculosis leave balance and sick leave balance,
no-pay special tuberculosis leave may be granted. (Note
H)
【Paid Study Leave】

Non-teaching staff
Teaching Staff
(Note A)
Paid study leave is Specialist staff and LTs shall Nil
simultaneously endorsed enjoy the same study leave
when a teacher is selected benefit as the teaching staff
by PSEd for a course of
training.
216
【Paid Leave For Special Events】
Non-teaching staff
Teaching Staff
Specialist staff (Note B)/ Non-specialist staff
(Note A) (Note C)
a. Not more than 14 days paid leave Nil Nil
may be granted per school year:
 to represent HKSAR in national/
international conferences or events
e.g. the Asian Games or the
Olympic Games
 being invited to present paper or
speak at national/ international
conferences in connection with
education
 to participate in training or camping
exercises of the Civil Aid Service,
Auxiliary Police Force or Auxiliary
Medical Service
b. There should be sufficient
justification to support the granting
of paid leave by schools.
Please refer to the Annex “Guidelines for

Granting of Leave” of the
EDBC001/2006 for details.
217
【Holidays/ Annual Leave】
Non-teaching staff
Teaching Staff
(Note A)
 May enjoy school  Not entitled to school holidays. Annual leave should be taken during
holidays subject to the major school holidays subject to mutual agreement between the
there being no school and the staff
operational needs  Non-accumulative
Staff paid out of the Administration/ Revised Administration

Grant-according to the provision of the Employment Ordinance
 Staff under a continuous contract for every 12 months are entitled to
paid annual leave
 7-day paid annual leave for those with 1 to 2 years of service, and 1
additional paid annual day for every additional year of service
thereafter. Paid annual leave could be accumulated to a maximum
of 14 days
Staff paid out of the Salaries Grant

 Appointed before 1.6.2000 (Note I)
 LTs and specialist staff may be granted not less than 22 days of
paid leave on an annual basis
 clerical staff with less than 10 years of service may be granted 14
days of paid leave on an annual basis; those with 10 years of
service or over may be granted 22 days of paid leave on an
annual basis
 Appointed on/ after 1 June 2000

 Paid Leave Entitlement (per annum)
Salary Point < 10 years of ≧ 10 years of
service service
MPS Pt. 0-13 & Model Scale I 14 days 18 days
MPS Pt. 14 or above 18 days 22 days
【Special Paid Leave】

Non-teaching staff
Teaching Staff
(Note A)
a. A maximum of 2 days Nil
per academic year on
the grounds of urgent
private affairs of grave
importance
b. Non-accumulative
218
Note A Teaching staff include school heads, teachers of ordinary and special schools and the
following categories of staff of special school: teachers assisting in speech therapy (TAST),
resource teachers, mobility instructors, low-vision training teachers.
Note B Specialist staff include educational psychologists and school social workers of ordinary and
special schools and the following categories of staff of special schools: speech therapists,
physiotherapists, occupational therapists, occupational therapist assistants, nurses, wardens,
assistant wardens, houseparents-in-charge, houseparents, programme workers, boarding
service masters/ mistresses I, boarding service masters/ mistresses II and brailling staff.
Note C Non-specialist staff include clerks, clerical assistants, artisans, workshop attendants, special
drivers, motor drivers, cooks, watchmen, janitor staff and teacher assistants.
Note D In accordance with the Employment Ordinance, an employee who works continuously for
the same employer for four weeks or more, with at least 18 hours in each week, is regarded
as working under a continuous contract.
Note E In accordance with the Employment Ordinance, paid sickness days are divided into two
categories - firstly, accumulated up to 36 days as Category 1, and then any excess up to 84
days as Category 2.
Note F A valid medical certificate is a medical certificate issued by a registered medical
practitioner, registered Chinese medicine practitioner or registered dentist (with effect from
1 December 2006).
Note G Under section 12AA of Employment Ordinance, a pregnant staff member may, with the
agreement of the employer, decide on the date of commencement of her 10 weeks maternity
leave, provided that such date is within a period of not less than 2 weeks before, and not
more than 4 weeks before, the expected date of confinement. If the staff member does not
exercise her option, the date of commencement of maternity leave shall be 4 weeks
immediately before the expected date of confinement.
Note H 1. No-pay leave (including no-pay sick/ maternity/ special tuberculosis leave) will not be
counted as continuous contributory service for Grant/ Subsidised Schools provident
fund purposes and promotional purposes. For incremental purposes, such leave shall be
subject to such instruction as PSEd issues from time to time.
2. The adjustments of incremental date (I.D.) are listed below:
 1 - 15 days no-pay leave: I.D. unchanged
 16 - 45 days no-pay leave continuously: I.D. to be deferred 1 month
 46 - 75 days no-pay leave continuously: I.D. to be deferred 2 months, and so on
3. Starting from the 2012/13 school year, schools may use the surplus of the
OEBG/EOEBG for the payment of statutory holidays/annual leave arising from
specific no-pay leave for their staff remunerated under Salaries Grant. Specific
no-pay leave only includes no-pay sick/maternity/special tuberculosis leave (referred to
as no-pay sick leave), no-pay study leave for attending education-related courses,
no-pay leave granted due to poor health condition with medical documentary proof,
and no-pay leave granted for alleviating the redundancy problem of an individual
school/schools under the same Sponsor (prior confirmation from the school’s
respective School Development Officer to ascertain the genuine redundant case is
needed). For no-pay leave other than the above listed, schools should take own
responsibility to fulfill all statutory requirements including meeting any possible
expenditure out of non-government funds.
4. The school should notify Regional Education Office and Finance Division of EDB by
using the standard letter (Attachment 1 of EDBC001/2006 “Granting of Leave in Aided
Schools”).
Note I The revised leave entitlement does not apply to non-teaching staff who are paid by the
Salaries Grant and were offered appointments to aided schools before 1 June 2000 as long as
 they remain in their present rank or get promoted to a higher rank in the same grade in
219
their school
 they are deployed to the same rank from one aided school to another under the same
SSB
 they transfer to the same rank without a break of service within the aided school sector.
220
Appendix 10 Approving authority for granting of leave
Approving authority
Applicant Type of leave (Note)
SMC Head
Teaching staff Paid sick leave, maternity leave, special 

(Appendix 9, tuberculosis leave and leave for injury at
Note A) work. *
No-pay sick leave, maternity leave and 

special tuberculosis leave. *
Casual leave (a maximum of 2 days paid  (2)

leave per academic year on grounds of
urgent private affairs of grave
importance)
Paid study leave (simultaneously  (1)

endorsed when selected by PSEd for a
course of training, e.g. refresher
courses)*
Special paid leave up to a maximum of  (2)

14 days on justified grounds, e.g.,
performing community services,
representing Hong Kong in international
events/ educational conferences and
attending training activities of auxiliary
forces
Other types of no-pay leave  (for IMC

schools only)
(3)
Non-specialist All cases of paid and no-pay leave 

staff
(Appendix 9,
Note C)
All staff Paid leave to serve as jurors or if 

required to appear in court as witnesses
Paternity leave  
(unusual cases) (general cases)
Note:
221
For all cases of leave taken by the school heads, the approving authority is the SMC.
* also applicable to specialist staff (Appendix 9. Note B) / Lab. Technicians.
1. Prior approval of PSEd is required for study leave which has not been endorsed by PSEd
in advance and other leaves not specified above.
2. Prior approval of PSEd is required if the maximum limit is exceeded.
3. For SMC schools, prior approval of PSEd is required in granting other types of no-pay
leave to teaching staff.
222
Appendix 11 Conflict of interest
A conflict of interest is likely to arise when a member of the school personnel’s

loyalty to the school conflicts with his/ her own interest or his/ her loyalty to:
 family and other relations;
 personal friends; and
 any person to whom he/ she owes a favour or is obligated in any way.
Examples of conflict of interest situations

1. A staff member taking part in the evaluation and selection of textbooks, reference
books or learning materials which are written or edited by his spouse, family,
relatives or personal friends, or published by a company in which he or any such
person has a financial interest.
2. A staff member taking part in the evaluation and selection of a supplier/ contractor
from a number of bidders one of which is operated by his spouse, family , relatives
or personal friends, or in which he or any such person has a financial interest .
3. Common examples are:
 selection of a textbook supplier
 selection of school uniform supplier
 selection of an exercise book supplier
 selection of a supplier of computer systems
 selection of a contractor for renovation project
 selection of a school bus operator
 selection of a tuck shop operator
4. A staff member accepting frequent or lavish entertainment from a supplier/
contractor who has business dealings with the school.
5. A staff member selecting candidates for admission to a school interviewing or
deciding on a candidate who is the son or daughter of his relative or personal
friend.
6. A staff member serving as a member of a Board to consider the recruitment,
posting or promotion of staff, one of the candidates being his family member,
relative or personal friend.
7. A staff member making nominations or selecting staff for training courses or study
trips, one of the nominees/ candidates being his family member, relative or
personal friend.
8. A staff member referring his pupils to attend private tutorial schools in which he,
his family, relatives or personal friends have a financial interest.
9. A staff member responsible for the investigation of a complaint, one of the
complainants being his family member, relative or personal friend.
223
Declaration of conflict of interest
SMCs should put in place proper procedures to require the school personnel,
including school managers and staff, to declare any conflict of interest that might
influence, or appear to influence, his/ her judgement in the performance of his/ her
duties. Such duties include recruitment, duty assignment, promotion, performance
appraisal, selection of staff for training courses and study leave, etc. SMC members and
school staff should be advised to:
1. refrain from handling official matters or making a decision or taking part in
making a decision in matters which may conflict with their private interest;
2. refrain from acquiring any investment or financial interests which may lead to
conflict of interest with their official duties;
3. decline to provide assistance, advice or information on official matters to their
relatives, friends, or any club/ organisation of which they are members, when this
may result in the recipients having an unfair advantage over other persons/
organizations; and
4. familiarise themselves with the rules and guidelines on conflict of interest, and act
accordingly in such situations.
A declaration of conflict or perceived conflict of interest should be made in writing,
preferably on a standard form, or recorded in the notes of a meeting as appropriate.
Records of such declarations should be duly kept. When such a situation arises, the
SMC, or the school head as appropriate, should decide whether the person disclosing
an interest shall be required to abstain from the duty assigned.
The staff member declaring conflict of interest in a matter should refrain from
handling the matter or there should be sufficient monitoring by senior staff or a second
party to ensure impartiality. As a general rule, any person who or whose family
member has an interest in the promotion, acting appointment, or regrading must not be
in the selection board/ appeal board.
Avoidance of conflict of interest

Apart from having declaration arrangements in place, school managers and school
staff alike should seek to avoid it in the first place. For example, it is highly undesirable
to make any investment or any financial or other interest which may lead to a conflict
of interest with one’s duties in the school. Furthermore, one should avoid putting
oneself in a position of obligation, e.g. accepting free service and frequent/ lavish
entertainment, offered to any person who has or may have official duty.
224
Appendix 12 Reference Points for Handling Cases of Teacher Misconduct
Introduction
1. In general, teacher misconduct refers to improper or unacceptable acts or
behaviour which is normally in breach, without reasonable excuse, of school
regulations which are considered legal and reasonable, official instructions
(whether oral or written), norm of the trade, code of practice, professional ethics,
or socially acceptable behaviour. Examples of teacher misconduct include
corporal punishment, indecent assault, corruption and the like in which criminal
offences may involve, unauthorized absence from duty, wilful negligence of
proper duties, outside work without school’s prior permission, taking advantage of
his/her professional relationships with students for private gain, misuse of the
student’s personal data, showing discrimination in students’ ethnicity, religious
belief, sex, family background, or disability, etc.
2. Under school-based management, individual schools are required to establish their
own procedure and mechanism to handle teachers’ misconduct. Such mechanism
must be transparent, fair, reasonable and known to all teachers.
General Reference
1. As the employer, the school authority has the responsibility to follow up all
suspected cases of teacher misconduct.
2. It is of foremost importance for school to note that resignation from the teacher
concerned is by no means a solution to the misconduct case. It is against the
interest of the students. School should prevent a teacher with serious misconduct,
especially of criminal nature, from impeding the investigation and concealing
his/her records of misconduct by resignation so that he/she could attempt to teach
in another school. If a teacher with suspected misconduct tenders resignation,
without giving sufficient notice, he/ she should be required to pay an amount
equivalent to his/ her salary of the number of insufficient days of notice. The
amount is capped at the level of one months’ salary. Although the SMC may
waive the payment of salary in lieu of notice in accordance with the provisions of
the COA, the SMC must prudently consider whether the explanation given by the
teacher concerned is justified. Otherwise, school should not wavie his/her
payment in lieu of sufficient notice.
3. In cases where the teacher suspected of misconduct of criminal or non-criminal
nature is under investigation, and it is possibly against the interest of the school
and the safety of the students for him/her to continue to teach in the classroom
and/or conduct school activities, schools should refer to the relevant sections of the
Code of Aid for proper actions such as suspending the teacher from his/her normal
duties. Such suspension should carry no presumption of guilt implied.
4. Schools should also draw reference to the “Code for the Education Profession of
Hong Kong” while handling the cases of teacher misconduct.
225
Cases of Non-criminal Nature
5. The school authority should refer to Flowchart A in this Appendix for detailed
workflow.
Cases of Criminal Nature

6. When it comes to the attention of the school that there is a suspected case of
teacher misconduct which may lead to criminal proceedings, school should take
prompt action to collect relevant information in order to assess the seriousness and
nature of the misconduct.
7. If the information collected shows that the misconduct is of criminal nature, school
must report the case to the police/ICAC immediately because any delay in
reporting cases of this kind may possibly endanger the safety of the students. At
the same time, school should also take precautions to avoid alerting the teacher
suspected, who may then destroy the evidence or intimidate the victims or
witnesses.
8. Schools should stop taking any further investigation once the misconduct case has
been reported to the Police/ICAC by the school, the victim or any other persons.
9. The school authority should refer to the Flowchart B in this Appendix for detailed
workflow.
Cases of Specific Nature

10. If sexual harassment is involved, the school should refer to EDBC002/2009
“Amendment to the Sex Discrimination Ordinance (Cap. 480)” and the “Questions
and Answers on Preventing Sexual Harassment in Schools” on EDB homepage for
advice on handling this kind of cases. If it is of criminal nature, the school
should report the case to the Police for investigation.
11. In child sexual abuse case involving school staff, the paramount concern is the
welfare of the child. The principal should consult Family and Child Protective
Services Unit of the Social Welfare Department or the responsible Police unit as
soon as possible and before interviewing the suspect. Prompt provision to
address the psychological, emotional and physical needs of the child should be
rendered. To avoid requiring the child to describe the incident(s) repeatedly, it is
crucial to only involve the designated person Note 1 (and other relevant staff in need)
in the process of handling suspected child sexual abuse case involving school staff.
School should refer to the “Procedural Guide for Handling Child Abuse Cases
(Revised 2015)” published by the Social Welfare Department and EDBC005/2018
“Handling Suspected Cases of Child Abuse and Domestic Violence” for details.
Taking disciplinary action
226
12. Schools may refer to the following principles when taking disciplinary actions
against the teacher concerned:
a. Disciplinary actions and punishment should be taken on a timely, fair and
equitable basis to demonstrate that misconduct will not be tolerated by the school.
b. The decision to institute disciplinary measures must rest with the SMC/IMC
according to relevant Codes of Aid.
c. Schools should consider the circumstances of the case and various factors, in
particular, the gravity of the misconduct, disciplinary and service record of the
teacher concerned, mitigating factors and customary level of punishment.
d. Levels of punishment in accordance with the Code of Aid for Aided Schools or
relevant Codes of Aid:
 For relatively minor and isolated cases of misconduct, such as occasional lateness
for duty, it may take the form of either a verbal or written warning.
 For serious misconduct or criminal offences, the school may consider withholding
the annual increment, suspending the teacher from normal duties, executing
dismissal or summary dismissal.
13. As disciplinary actions may be imposed on the teacher involved, the school should
ensure that the laws of Hong Kong, Education Ordinance and Regulations, Code
of Aid and the relevant EDB circulars are followed and properly document
relevant information for reference in case of complaints.
14. If the teacher being accused is suspected to be mentally ill, the school, with the
consent of the teacher concerned, should seek advice from a medical doctor to
ascertain whether his/her mental state exculpates him/her from misconduct or
provides a mitigating factor, and whether he/she is fit to attend a disciplinary
inquiry/interview.
15. Upon completion of the investigation, the teacher concerned should be informed of
the investigation result and provided with an opportunity to make representations.
16. The teacher concerned should be provided with support and guidance for
improvement and opportunity to redress regardless of any disciplinary actions,
other than summary dismissal, deemed necessary.
Checklist on Handling Cases of Teacher Misconduct

1. How serious is the misconduct case?
2. Who should be assigned to handle the case?
3. Does the crisis management team need to be activated?
4. Is a Line-to-take or press release for media enquiry Note 2 required?
5. Has the case been made known to parents? If yes, how would the school respond
to the parent enquiries?
6. Are interview records and information collected properly kept?
227
7. Does the written statement contain a detailed account of what has happened? Is
information including date/time/place of the misconduct case and specific acts of
the accused teacher properly recorded? Has the statement made individually
been properly signed and dated?
8. Should the teacher with suspected misconduct be suspended from duties?
9. Should the school liaison officer of the Police be consulted?
10. Is the misconduct case of criminal nature?
11. Has the misconduct case of criminal nature been reported to the Police/ICAC,
whichever is appropriate, yet?
12. Is child abuse involved? If so, has the school social worker/student guidance
personnel been engaged and the Family and Child Protective Services Unit of the
Social Welfare Department (SWD) been contacted? Are the relevant materials,
including EDBC005/2018 “Handling Suspected Cases of Child Abuse and
Domestic Violence”, Chapter 3 of this School Administration Guide and Chapters
5-7, 23 and 27 of the “Procedural Guide for Handling Child Abuse Cases (Revised
2015)” published by SWD, available for reference?
13. Has an SMC/IMC meeting been summoned to consider the findings of the
investigation, any disciplinary actions deemed necessary and/or the actions
required after the criminal proceedings?
14. Have the misconduct case together with any relevant materials, including the
investigation reports, details of the court verdict if available, etc., been reported to
the respective District School Development Section yet?
Reference Materials
 Section 3.8.9 <Handling of Child Abuse Cases> of this School Administration
Guide
 EDBC005/2018 “Handling Suspected Cases of Child Abuse and Domestic
Violence”
 EDBC016/2017 “Measures for Strengthening the Protection of Students:
Appointment Matters of Schools”
 “Code for the Education Profession of Hong Kong” prepared by the Preparatory
Committee, Professional Code for Educational Works
[CPC Homepage: http://cpc.edb.org.hk > Professional Code > Code for the
Education Profession of Hong Kong]
 “Handbook on School Crisis Management: Intervention and Psychological
Support in the Aftermath of Crises”
[EDB Homepage: http://www.edb.gov.hk > Students and Parents Related >

Programs and Services > Programs > Student Suicide and School Crisis
Management > School Crisis Management]
228
 Chapter 5-7, 23 and 27 of the Procedural Guide for Handling Child Abuse Cases
(Revised 2015) published by the Social Welfare Department (SWD)
[SWD Homepage: http://www.swd.gov.hk > Family and Child Welfare Services >
Procedural Guidelines > Procedural Guide for Handling Child Abuse Cases
(Revised 2015)]
__________________________________________________________________
Notes:
1. Officer responsible for conducting investigative/assessment interview on the suspected child sexual
abuse case.
2. Please refer to section 4.4.2 “Dealing with the Media and Public bodies” of School Administration Guide
for further details.
229
Flowchart A
Workflow for Schools in Handling Cases of
Teacher Misconduct of Non-Criminal Nature
Suspected Teacher Misconduct Case Reported/Revealed
Schools should consider the following for proper actions:

 Consider the seriousness of the misconduct;
 Report the case of serious misconduct to respective District School Development Sections
(DSDS);
 Look into the case by observing established school-based procedures and mechanism
and/or making reference to the following:
 treat the incident in confidence and information should only be given on a need-to-know
basis;
 assign designated personnel at appropriate level of seniority, such as the principal or
school managers, whoever is appropriate, to take speedy actions to conduct
investigation, including interviewing the teacher / person involved, collecting
information, etc;
 keep proper record of all interviews and information collected;
 consider whether crisis management team should be activated and other stakeholders
notified at a particular stage;
*
 consider suspending the teacher from normal duties based on the seriousness of the
offence/misconduct, if necessary;
 Seek advice from DSDS whenever and wherever necessary.
 Summon SMC/IMC meeting to consider the findings and  Report the outcome
any disciplinary actions deemed necessary. together with the
investigation report
and the decision of
 Provide an opportunity for the teacher to make disciplinary actions, if
representations, if any; and any, to DSDS for
 Provide the teacher with support and guidance for EDB’s consideration
improvement and opportunity to redress regardless of whether any further
any disciplinary actions, other than summary dismissal, action is necessary
deemed necessary. (including reviewing
the teacher registration
status of the teacher^).
 Set up an appeal panel to conduct an independent review
of the case if representations are received. The result of
the review should be submitted to the SMC/IMC for
consideration and decision.
* Please refer to the following sections of the Code of Aid for further details
(i) Aided SMC Secondary Schools – para. 57 (f) (ii) Aided SMC Primary Schools – para. 57(f)
(iii) Aided SMC Special Schools – para. 62(f) (iv) IMC Schools – para. 13.5 (d)
^ When a teacher committed misconduct, the EDB will, upon conclusion of the related case(s) involving the teacher, make
reference to the relevant investigation reports. Depending on the circumstances and severity of the case, the EDB will
prudently review the teacher registration status of the teacher, including cancelling the teacher’s registration, issuing
reprimand, warning or advisory letter to the teacher.
230
Flowchart B
Workflow for Schools in Handling Cases of
Teacher Misconduct of Criminal Nature
Suspected Teacher Misconduct Case Reported/Revealed
Schools should consider the following for proper actions:

 Inform respective District School Development Sections (DSDS) of the suspected case ;
 Treat the case in confidence and take prompt action to collect relevant information to steer
the way forward;
 Keep proper records of interviews and information collected;
 Report the case to the Police/ICAC as soon as possible;
 Stop further investigation if the case has been reported to the Police/ICAC;
 Consider suspending the teacher from normal duties, if necessary;
 Refer to relevant reference materials# for actions in case of child sexual abuse involving
school staff; and
 Keep respective DSDS posted of the latest development of the case.
Guilty on Conviction Acquittal Police/ICAC concluded

 Convene an urgent  Convene an urgent no further action
SMC/IMC meeting to SMC/IMC meeting to  Convene an SMC/IMC
consider the necessity of consider if the teacher meeting to determine if
any disciplinary action if should be allowed to disciplinary action is
the teacher’s contract is resume duties and any necessary after internal
still in force; and internal investigation be investigation; and
 Notify respective DSDS conducted; and  Notify respective DSDS
of the decision and details  Notify respective DSDS of the decision together
of the court verdict for of the decision and details with details of the
EDB’s consideration of of the court verdict for investigation reports,
any further action EDB’s consideration of etc. for EDB’s
(including reviewing the any further action consideration of any
teacher registration status (including reviewing the further action (including
of the teacher). teacher registration status reviewing the teacher
of the teacher). registration status of the
teacher^).
# EDBC005/2018 “Handling Suspected Cases of Child Abuse and Domestic Violence”, section 3.8.9 of this School
Administration Guide, Chapters 5-7, 23 and 27 of the Procedural Guide for Handling Child Abuse Cases (Revised 2015)
published by the Social Welfare Department.
^ When a teacher committed offence or misconduct, the EDB will, upon conclusion of the related case(s) involving the
teacher, make reference to the court documents and/ or relevant investigation reports. Depending on the circumstances
and severity of the case, the EDB will prudently review the teacher registration status of the teacher, including cancelling
the teacher’s registration, issuing reprimand, warning or advisory letter to the teacher.
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Chapter 8 School Premises and Safety
8.1 Introduction
1. The SMC is responsible for maintaining the school premises in a safe and hygienic
condition. In addition, the school should ensure that the school premises are fully
utilized in a well-planned way for the delivery of quality school education.
2. The SMC is also responsible for furnishing and fitting out the school with all
necessary furniture and other equipment, maintaining and managing the school
premises, and arranging maintenance works as necessary.
3. Schools should consider setting up a committee, preferably headed by a senior

teacher, to look after matters such as safety and security, repairs and maintenance,
and coordination of the use of the school premises.
4. The SMC should ensure compliance with the requirements set out in the Education
Ordinance and the Education Regulations, the COAs and any other relevant
Ordinances, in particular the Occupational Safety and Health Ordinance.
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8.2 Use of school premises
8.2.1 Requirements in the Codes of Aid and legislations

1. The premises of a school shall be used for the approved activities except as may be
permitted by the Permanent Secretary for Education (PSEd). The relevant
sections of the Codes are as follows:
 S48 of the COA for Primary Schools
 S47 of the COA for Secondary Schools
 S52 of the COA for Special Schools
 S53 of the COA for Special Schools (Vol. II)
2. The classrooms and ancillary facilities should be made available at the request of
PSEd for the non-profit making school operators commissioned by EDB to operate
evening courses. Before making such request, PSEd will take into consideration
any special difficulties and existing commitments, and will fully consult the school
concerned. The school may levy charges on the hirers for hire of accommodation
and electricity.
3. Approval by PSEd shall be sought on change of room use involving structural

alteration, as stipulated in S20 of the Education Ordinance and R10 of the
Education Regulations. The school should also apply for approval by PSEd for
changes such as additional premises, alternative premises and deletion of premises.
4. Schools should note the restrictions on the use of roof playground, arrangement of
gymnastics/ other form of physical education, assembly of students and furnishing
of classrooms, as laid down in R12 to R14 and R16 to R20 of the Education
Regulations.
5. Schools should be aware of the requirements of boarding schools as stipulated in

R56 to R57 of the Education Regulations.
6. In accordance with S21 of the Education Ordinance, if in the opinion of the

Director of Fire Services and Building Authority any changes in the design,
structure or use of school premises may increase the fire risk of the school, PSEd
may require the school to comply with the provisions considered necessary by the
Director of Fire Services and Building Authority. For details, please refer to the
“School Safety & Insurance” webpage.
8.2.2 Hire of accommodation

1. As aided school premises are maintained by public funds, the hiring of school
accommodation should be taken as a service to the community to foster better
cooperation between the schools and the community. Hence, the nature and
purpose of the activity organized by the applicant should be carefully examined.
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It is not desirable to hire out the premises for activities not connected with
education, recreation or community services. The activities of the hirers should,
in no case, hinder the normal school activities.
2. It should be noted that no organization should make use of the facilities in an aided
school without being charged, as this represents a hidden subsidy to the
organization. Schools should refer to the rates recommended in EDBC005/2011
“Hire of Accommodation in Aided Schools”.
3. Applications for hire of school accommodation should be vetted by a committee in

accordance with the principles and procedures endorsed by the SMC.
4. The holding of public performances in school halls is subject to the Licensing

Regulations currently in force. These regulations are administered by the
Commissioner for Television and Entertainment Licensing and his/ her prior
approval is required.
5. Those who hire the school accommodation should be advised to enquire from the
Commissioner of Inland Revenue whether or not entertainment tax is chargeable in
respect of any concert or performance for which an admission fee is proposed.
6. Receipts should be issued to the hiring organizations and copies should be retained
for auditing.
7. A log book should be maintained to record details of all hirings (whether free or
chargeable).
8. Justification should be given for free hiring of school premises. The log book is
subject to inspection by the audit inspection team of EDB. A specimen of the
maintenance record is at Appendix 1. The log book for hiring accommodation
should be submitted to the SMC regularly, say on a quarterly basis.
9. The profit received from hiring out school premises shall be credited to the school
accounts as determined by PSEd as set out in S18, S18, S19 and S16 of the COA
for Secondary Schools, Primary Schools, Special Schools (Vol. I) and Special
Schools (Vol. II) respectively.
8.2.3 Proper use of lockers

Schools should draw up and implement effective and applicable measures and
safety precautions according to their own circumstances to ensure the proper use of
lockers by students. The following guidelines are set out as reference:
1. Locations
Lockers should be installed in appropriate locations easily accessible to pupils and
should not obstruct the means of escape.
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2. Records
A record on the allocation of lockers to respective pupils should be kept by the
school.
3. Keys
a. A locker key should be issued to each pupil user free of charge and a duplicate key
should be retained by the school. Pupils should return the key to the school at the
end of the school year.
b. Pupils should be reminded to keep safe custody of their keys. A sum of not more
than $5.00 may be charged for each replacement key. These charges should be
credited to the School & Class Grant Account or General Funds Account as
appropriate.
4. Use of lockers
Proper guidance should be given to pupils, particularly those of lower classes, on
the use of lockers. Pupils should be informed that the provision of lockers in
schools is to obviate the need for their carrying certain textbooks, exercise books,
stationery items, art materials, equipment, water bottles and other relevant articles
to and from school every day. Lockers should not be used to store items not
intended for this purpose.
5. Inspection
Schools should conduct regular inspections to ensure that the lockers are properly
used.
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8.3 Security and safety measures
8.3.1 Security measures in schools

1. The School head is entrusted with the responsibility for safeguarding the property
in his/ her charge and guarding against wastage, damage, theft and burglary. He/
she needs particularly to ensure that
a. unauthorised persons are not allowed to trespass on the school premises or use the
school facilities without prior permission;
b. valuable or dangerous items are under lock and key and that the keys are kept in a
safe place;
c. minor staff secure all gates, doors and windows after school hours and during
school holidays ; and
d. minor staff residing in the school know what action to take in case of emergency.
2. Schools should formulate their security policy based on an environmental analysis
and take appropriate security measures that fit their situation best. However,
some security measures are recommended below to safeguard the day-to-day
security of the school :
a. Good perimeter lighting provides an effective deterrent to scaling attacks on
fencing or walls. Regular maintenance checks should be conducted to ensure that
goods are not stacked on either side of the fence or wall. Entry or exit points on
the perimeter should be kept to a minimum. Gates should afford the same
security protection as the perimeter on which they are set. Clear direction signs
should be used to indicate reception areas for visitors.
b. If schools consider installation of closed-circuit television (CCTV) systems or
covert monitoring a necessary means to prevent crime having regard to its special
environmental circumstances, measures it takes to that end should comply with the
Guidance on CCTV Surveillance and Use of Drones published by the Office of the
Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data.
c. Windows which are easily accessible are best protected by mild steel window bars
properly grouted into surrounding masonry. Umbrella spikes should be fitted to
exposed piping to prevent scaling access to upper floors.
d. Where possible, secure storerooms should be created for more expensive
equipment and teaching aids. Where large amounts of audio-visual equipment
are widely distributed, they should be mounted in security frames.
e. Some sort of marking such as school names may be painted/ embossed on a
conspicuous part of valuable items. Valuable equipment such as computers and
video cassette recorders should be clearly marked and identified as school property.
Serial/ model numbers should also be recorded to assist in recovery in the event of
theft.
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f. Members of staff should be designated as “security officers” to ensure that doors
and windows are locked at the end of the school day.
g. Schools should appoint key-holder(s) who will return to schools to see to the
situations in the event of alarm activations.
h. Petty cash (Government portion and school portion, if any) kept in schools should
not exceed the limits prescribed in the relevant EDB circular currently in force. It
is also advisable that collections and payments should be made through bank
accounts as far as possible, to minimize the risk of cash losses. Cash collections,
if any, should be banked as soon as practicable to reduce the risk of keeping or
transporting cash in large sums.
i. Schools should consider security arrangements in transporting cash, e.g. assigning
enough staff to escort the transportation of large sums of cash. Some suggestions
for security measures are at Appendix 2.
j. Please refer to Appendix 3 for the procedures for assessment and settlement of
claims for damage or destruction of standard items or loss of school assets.
k. Any loss of property or damage must be reported to the police and the relevant
Senior School Development Officer (SSDO) immediately.
8.3.2 Security measures in classroom
1. Physical security
Ceiling mounted projectors and other fixed equipment may be secured in place
using mild steel brackets, which can deny its removal whilst still permitting
operational adjustment. Brackets should be fitted with bolts, with the ends burred
over. Such measures can effectively counter theft from unattended classrooms
and extend the time required to effect a burglary (an unattractive prospect for the
intruder seeking to steal several items) and are cheaper to install than the window
bars, solid doors and mortise deadlocks required to secure classrooms per se.
2. Property marking
The use of permanent marking, via chemical etching, serves as a deterrent to theft
by rendering the re-sale of stolen property difficult. Permanent markings are
difficult, if not impossible, to erase or remove and represent an easy, practicable
and cost-effective security measure which can also facilitate inventory control.
This security tool is already employed by many schools to protect computer
equipment. The costs involved in extending its application to audio visual
equipment may therefore be further reduced in many cases.
3. Intruder Alarms
The deployment of intruder alarm systems affording extensive coverage of school
premises and commercial monitoring is acknowledged as impractical. However,
simple, magnetic contact based system with on-site audible alert should be
considered for classrooms where expensive audio visual equipment is deployed.
These can serve as a useful deterrent to theft from unattended classrooms and,
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where caretakers reside on-site overnight, can also be linked to an alert panel at
their residence.
8.3.3 Fire prevention measures
1. Fire safety talks will be conducted by the Fire Services Department upon request
to school staff and students in order to strengthen their fire safety knowledge and
raise their awareness of the importance of fire precautions in their daily life. For
details, please refer to the “School Safety & Insurance” webpage.
2. Exits from classrooms and the school premises should be free from obstruction at
all times.
3. All schools, as required by the Director of Fire Services, shall be equipped with
fire extinguishers which should be kept in easily accessible places and be properly
maintained. All fire services installation or equipment in school premises must
be kept in good condition at all times. Laboratories shall in addition be supplied
with buckets of sand and water.
4. Fire escape routes should be displayed in all classrooms and dormitories. Fire
drills, when all pupils must leave the school building and roll calls be taken,
should be carried out at least once every six months and records kept in a log book.
Fire drills shall also be held for the boarding section.
5. The responsibility for sounding a fire alarm in a school should not be delegated to
one individual. It should be the duty of any person discovering or suspecting an
outbreak of fire to give the alarm. Where a school has more than one fire alarm
bell, arrangements should be made to ensure that when an alarm is sounded on one,
it is immediately relayed to all other alarm bells. Fire alarms and drills shall
always include clerical, kitchen and maintenance staff, as well as teachers and
pupils.
6. No cooking or naked flame is allowed on the school premises, except in

specifically designed and constructed kitchens approved by the Director of Fire
Services.
7. The points to note and fire safety recommendations in organizing barbecues and
hot pot activities in school are at Appendix 4.
8. Smoking should be prohibited in schools. Visitors should be asked not to smoke.
8.3.4 Safety measures

Stair wells or other kinds of light wells on school premises might pose a risk for
students or school users in falling from height. Schools should construct safety nets
on every floor for the sake of the safety. For details, please refer to EDBC023/2001
“Safety Nets at Stair Wells in School Premises”.
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8.4 Crisis management
School crises include the suicide of a student or staff, accidental death, a critical
injury, a violent incident and natural disasters. Crises often occur suddenly,
disrupting normal school routine. Schools have to respond rapidly to eliminate the
harmful effects of the crisis. In the event of a crisis, schools should give due priority
to the safety of all students and staff and exercise professional judgement to take
appropriate actions as the specific situation warrants. When students are in serious
body injury, life-threatening situation; or situation requiring immediate support,
schools should dial 999 promptly for emergency assistance; for other non-emergency
assistance (for example non-serious injury), schools may call the nearby Police Stations
or ambulance service. For details of calling ambulance, please refer to the guidelines
issued by the Fire Services Department.
8.4.1 Common crises
1. In case the following crises happen in schools, please refer to the relevant
paragraphs that cover the preventive measures and handling procedures:
 Handling Accidents and medical emergency Para. 3.4.2
 Handling incidents of infectious diseases Para. 3.5.4
 Student suicide cases Para. 3.7.1
 Gas leakage Para. 8.4.2
 Bomb calls Para. 8.4.3
2. Schools are required to draw up a contingency plan to deal with special
arrangements including suspension of classes due to emergency situations. For
details of the arrangements under emergency situations, please refer to
EDBC009/2015 “Handling Emergency Situations in Schools”.
8.4.2 Gas leakage
In handling incidents involving odours of gas (including those from unknown
sources), prompt actions must be taken including dialing 999 for emergency assistance,
giving the students proper attention, notifying the parents and alerting the respective
SSDO. Full records of the classes and persons affected with date, location and time
should also be kept by the school head. For details, please adhere to the “Guidelines
on measures to be taken in case of incidents involving odours of gas including those
from unknown sources”.
8.4.3 Bomb calls

Bomb calls should be taken very seriously. Unless it can be definitely and
reasonably assumed that the threat is a hoax, the school should dial 999 to call the
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police. Under no circumstances should a suspect item be touched or handled in any
way. The police will advise whether there should be a search of the premises with or
without an evacuation of the students.
8.4.4 Crisis management team

1. Schools should set up a Crisis Management Team to formulate mechanisms,
procedures and contingency plans for effective handling of crises. The team may
comprise the school head, representatives of teachers, clerical staff and specialists
(such as School Social Worker, Educational Psychologist).
2. Schools should formulate the roles and functions of the Crisis Management Team
and ensure the contingency plans are comprehensive and appropriate. In addition,
the team should conduct safety audits for the school by thorough assessments of
the potentially dangerous situations.
3. When a staff notices a crisis is arising, he/she should make professional judgement
to seek suitable assistance and notify the school management at the soonest
possible time. The Crisis Management Team should be activated according to
the school-based procedure, notify the Education Bureau and take charge of the
crisis to ensure the immediate safety of all students and staff and re-establish the
stability of the school routine as soon as possible.
4. In the event of a crisis, the Crisis Management Team should coordinate the
handling of the crisis. Members of the Team should keep close contact with the
school head, evaluate the impact of the crisis to the school and arrange appropriate
interventions. The Team should provide counselling to staff and students in
cooperation with guidance personnel, social workers and educational psychologists
as deemed necessary. Schools should make reference to the “Handbook on
School Crisis Management: Intervention and Psychological Support in the
Aftermath of Crises”. The Team should also handle media enquiries and give
responses as far as possible. In case of police investigation, the Team should
arrange teachers or parents to accompany the students concerned for interviews.
5. Schools should be well-prepared for crises. Drills should be conducted

periodically in order to ensure that all staff and students know exactly what they
should do in a specific crisis. Besides, the team should prepare a resource
directory so that various resources can be coordinated and deployed to minimize
the impact of crises. The sample can be found in Appendix 5.
6. Staff need to have training in first aid and management of students’ behavioural
problems, including identifying behaviour that signals potential danger. Clear
guidelines on behaviour management should be drawn up and all staff should
familiarize themselves with them.
7. Schools should also plan for “What if” scenarios. For example, the school should
have a staff deployment plan to take charge of the crisis, even if the school head or
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an important member of the Crisis Management Team is not at the school during
the crisis, and the opening-up of the school premises.
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8.5 Maintenance of school premises
While schools are responsible for maintenance of school premises, the government
departments concerned provide relevant professional support to aided schools on
school premises maintenance matters, the arrangement of which is outlined below:
1. Non-estate Aided School
Starting from March 2010, EDB has undertaken to deliver approved repairs
projects each costing $2 million or below besides providing technical advisory
services in respect of school premises maintenance and the Property Services
Branch of Architectural Services Department (ArchSD) will continue to handle
repairs projects of estimated cost exceeding $2 million each as approved by EDB.
2. Estate Aided School
With effect from 1 April 2014, EDB has taken up the delivery of repairs projects
approved for 2014-15 or after as well as provide technical advisory services in
respect of school premises maintenance.
8.5.1 Minor repairs

1. The school head should arrange regular inspection of the school premises,
including both school building and slopes under the maintenance responsibility of
the school, if applicable, and take prompt actions to keep the building/ slopes in
good condition. School’s particular attention is drawn to the requirements on the
inspection and maintenance of school premises and associated facilities as
imposed by various government departments, e.g. inspection and maintenance of
fire services installation, lift, building and window, etc.
2. Expenditure on routine inspection, maintenance and minor repairs should be

charged to the School and Class Grant under OEBG.
3. For repairs items each costing $3,000 or above for primary schools and special
schools/ $8,000 or above for secondary schools, the school may apply for capital
subventions to carry out the required repairs works.
8.5.2 Major repairs

1. Responsible Government Departments
a. Non-estate Aided School
Repairs projects each costing $2 million or below will be undertaken by EDB

while ArchSD will continue to administer those approved projects of estimated
cost exceeding $2 million each.
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b. Estate Aided School
Repairs projects approved in 2014-15 or after will be undertaken by EDB.
2. Application Procedure
a. The SMC may apply for capital subventions by responding to the annual call
circular / letter issued by EDB in April/ May each year. Schools should estimate
their requirements for major repairs and, effective from 2016-17 financial year,
submit their on-line applications via the School Maintenance Automated Rapport
Terminal (SMART) system set up by EDB.
b. Applications will be vetted by the term consultants appointed by the EDB for
non-estate and estate aided schools. Schools will be informed of the results of
their applications by the respective SSDOs once available. Approval for
government subsidy, however, depends on the availability of funds.
c. For schools with approval given, the professional officers of the respective
government departments or the term consultants appointed by the EDB will liaise
with schools direct to arrange for the works programme.
3. User manual and demonstration video for school users of the SMART system are
available on the “School Premises Maintenance” (SPM) webpage.
8.5.3 Emergency repairs

1. An aided school in need of emergency repairs (ER) is required to submit its
request to the responsible parties for processing. As from October 2014, schools
should submit their on-line applications via the SMART system.
8.5.4 Maintenance of slopes and drainages

1. In general the responsibility for the maintenance of land, including slopes and
retaining walls, rests with the owner of a property. It is also necessary to identify
and locate all the water-carrying services and drainage channels affecting slopes.
2. In some cases, the responsibility for the maintenance of land may extend beyond
the school boundary. Schools are advised to check the lease conditions of their
schools to ascertain the maintenance responsibility for slopes and water-carrying
services both within the school boundary and in the vicinity. Slopes under
Government ownership, situated within the allocated site boundaries of non-estate
aided schools, are under the maintenance responsibility of ArchSD. Estate aided
schools, if being advised to maintain the slopes within the school boundary, should
approach EDB for advice.
3. Schools are required to arrange regular maintenance for the slopes under the
school’s maintenance responsibility to ensure functionality and avoid deterioration
of the man-made slopes and retaining walls. Routine Maintenance Inspections
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and Engineer Inspections for Maintenance are the common maintenance
inspections for the slopes of the schools.
a. A Routine Maintenance Inspection can be carried out by any responsible person at
least once every year. Details of the inspections are set out in the “Layman’s
Guide to Slope Maintenance” issued by the Geotechnical Engineering Office
(GEO) of the Civil Engineering and Development Department (CEDD).
b. An Engineer Inspection for Maintenance should be carried out by a professionally
qualified geotechnical engineer at least once every 5 years. A list of Registered
Professional Engineers (Geotechnical) can be obtained from the Engineer
Registration Board.
c. A set of “Points to note for Routine Maintenance Inspections and Engineer
Inspections for Maintenance of Slopes” is available on the “SPM” webpage for
schools’ reference.
4. Schools with or near a slope which has been identified as sub-standard should, as a
precaution, draw up a contingency plan.
a. Heads of schools could contact the GEO and the respective SSDO for advice.
b. For schools with a Dangerous Hillside Order (DHO), a contingency plan should be
drawn up in consultation with the appointed Authorized Person (AP) and/or
consultant, and with GEO in the case of schools being affected by upgrading of
Government slopes under the Landslip Prevention and Mitigation Programme
(LPMitP).
c. The plan should include criteria for closing the school during adverse weather such
as a Landslip Warning being issued by the Hong Kong Observatory. The criteria
for school closure should also take into account geotechnical and non-geotechnical
factors such as any known conditions of the slopes, the whereabouts of students
(i.e. already in the school or at home) and traffic conditions.
d. For more details on actions to be taken in the case of schools affected by
sub-standard Government slopes being upgraded under the LPMitP or with a DHO,
please refer to EDBC25/1998 “Administrative Procedures for Safety of Schools in
the Vicinity of Slopes”. Schools are advised to approach the respective SSDOs
for advice and obtain relevant updated reference materials on the “SPM” webpage
as and when required.
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8.6 Alterations to school premises
8.6.1 Improvement and extension to school buildings

1. Any improvement and extension to the school premises, including structural
alteration and conversion, is subject to the approval of PSEd. Schools should
forward to EDB their proposals for change together with sketch plans drawn to
scale and state the source of funds (government funds or school funds) for the
proposed works.
2. When the proposed works may not be exempted works under the Buildings
Ordinance, such as involving the structure of the school premises, affecting the
Means of Escape arrangement, etc., the SMC should note that approval from either
the Independent Checking Unit of the Transport and Housing Bureau (ICU of
THB) (for estate schools) or Buildings Department (BD) (for non-estate schools)
should be sought. If necessary, the SMC should consult other departments such
as Department of Health (DH), Fire Services Department (FSD), etc. and send the
relevant information to the respective Regional Education Offices. In case of
doubt, the school should enlist the professional advice from the Authorized Person
(AP).
3. The SMC should send the as-built drawings/ records to the ICU of THB (for estate
schools)/School Premises Maintenance Section of this Bureau (for estate and
non-estate schools) and the respective Regional Education Offices for record.
4. Schools should inform EDB upon completion of the works (including

confirmation of compliance of requirements set by relevant Government
departments, if any). EDB will issue updated Certificates of Accommodation,
where appropriate, and/or register extensions so as to be in compliance with S19(1)
of the Education Ordinance which stipulates that “no school shall be operated in
any premises other than the premises specified in the certificate of registration or
provisional registration of the school”.
8.6.2 Change of room use

1. Subject to the following conditions, the SMC may decide on the change of room
use without prior approval from PSEd:
a. adequate classrooms, special rooms and facilities are available in the school for the
effective teaching and learning of all the subject groups or areas of learning and
experience;
b. the change of room use will not result in floating classes or affect the approved
class structure;
c. the change of room use does not involve any structural alterations to the school
premises, any alteration to the latrine accommodation or the sanitary arrangements
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of the school or in the ventilation or lighting of a classroom and/or subdivision of a
classroom; and
d. no additional subsidy by the Government will be incurred.
2. Before proceeding, schools are required to give prior notice to the respective
SSDO of the proposed change of room use and report in writing upon completion
of the project. If necessary, a new Certificate of Accommodation will be issued
to schools subsequently.
3. Schools must ensure compliance with the relevant legislation in making changes of
room use. Many such cases, particularly those not involving structural alterations,
should not give rise to concerns about safety of students and staff, building
structure, fire safety or environmental hygiene. In case of doubt, the SMC may
consult either their AP, if any, or the relevant government departments (ICU of
THB for estate schools or BD for non-estate schools, DH and FSD, etc. as
appropriate) on whether the new room use violates any legislation and how the
issues can be resolved. Schools may consider using the letter template at
Appendix 6 to approach the departments concerned.
4. The SMC should send the as-built drawings/ records to the ICU of THB (for estate
schools)/ School Premises Maintenance Section of this Bureau (for estate and
non-estate schools) and the respective Regional Education Offices for record.
5. Expenditure on works may be charged to the School and Class Grant under OEBG.
For works costing $3,000 or above for aided primary schools and special schools
and $8,000 or above for aided secondary schools, the SMC may apply for capital
subventions for major repairs/ alterations. Approval for Government subsidy,
however, depends on the necessity of the works and the availability of funds.
Alternatively, the SMC may consider carrying out the works required with private
funds.
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8.7 Damage/loss to School Premises
1. The COAs stipulate that the Government shall carry the risk of damage or loss to
the school premises of aided schools, including furniture and equipment, caused by
fire, natural disasters such as typhoons, earthquakes, flooding, and other perils
such as aircraft crash, explosion, impact by any road vehicle, sprinkler leakage or
bursting or overflowing of water tanks, apparatus and pipes, riots or malicious acts
of any person, and damage caused by construction or excavation work by a third
party adjacent to the school or in its vicinity; loss of standard items by theft and
burglary; and loss of cash (Government funds only) in transit.
2. Details concerning the procedures for the assessment and settlement of claims for
damage, destruction or loss of standard items caused by fire, natural disaster or
perils, theft and burglary, and related security measures are set out in Appendix 3.
3. However, schools should themselves decide whether to take out an insurance

policy for non-school portions and non-standard items of furniture, equipment and
buildings. The premium for non-standard furniture and equipment of the school
can be charged to the Composite Furniture and Equipment Grant.
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Appendix 1 Proforma record of hire accommodation
Hire of School Hall
Charges Account Credited

Name Receipt Certified School
Nature Signature
Date Time School Grand Additional of No. and by School &
of Lighting Total of Hirer Subscriptions
Hall Piano Air-cond. Hirer Date Head Class
Hirer
charge Grant
Hire of Classroom
Charges Account Credited

Name Receipt Certified School
Nature Additional Signature
Date Classroom Time of No. and by Head of &
of Without Air –Cond Total of Hirer Subscriptions
Hirer Date School Class
Hirer Air-cond charge
Grant
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Appendix 2 Some hints on security measures for transporting cash
1. The timing, escorting, transporting personnel and vehicles involved should be

varied as much as possible. In order to reduce the value of inside help to a
potential robber, these details should not be provided to the staff involved until it
is necessary to do so. Movements of cash are on a “need-to-know” basis only.
The route should always be the most direct, avoiding side streets.
2. As far as possible, no female staff should be assigned cash transport duties.
3. Staff involved should watch out for:
a. vehicles with occupants waiting at the kerbside or double parked in the vicinity of
the cash carrying vehicle;
b. persons loitering nearby in doorways or at shop windows etc. who may be carrying
concealed weapons; and
c. nearby road junctions, alleyways, or similar hazards from which an attack could
come.
4. It cannot be too strongly emphasised that, while staff are expected to safeguard
monies in their care to the best of their ability, the prime consideration in such a
situation is to avoid jeopardising their lives and those of members of the public
who are in the vicinity of the hold-up or attempted hold-up.
5. The transport of cash on foot is not desirable and should not in any case occur for
journeys of more than three hundred metres; alleyways and crowded places should
be avoided.
6. When the amount of cash transported exceeds $10,000, it is suggested that school
should consider hiring commercial security guards.
249
Appendix 3 School assets and replacement of lost items
Procedures for handling of damage or destruction of standard items caused by

fire, natural disaster or perils
1. When there is a fire or natural disaster or an occurrence of the perils as described
in the relevant sections of the COA, the Supervisor/ Head of the school, apart from
reporting the incident immediately to the relevant government departments such as
the Hong Kong Police Force (HKPF), Fire Services Department (FSD), must also
report the matter immediately to the respective SSDO. In the case of fire, a
report from the FSD on the incident will be necessary.
2. Schools may make use of the CFEG or the surplus of OEBG/EOEBG to replace
the standard F&E items lost in natural disaster, burglary, theft, fire, etc.
Procedures for handling losses of standard furniture and equipment caused by

theft and burglary
1. When there is a loss of standard items in an aided school, the Supervisor/ Head of
the school must report the loss immediately to the nearest police station of the
HKPF and make a preliminary report to the respective SSDO. An investigation
report from the HKPF on the incident will be necessary.
2. The Supervisor/ Head of the school will then proceed to investigate the loss fully
and as soon as practicable, forward his/ her detailed report with the following
information, together with copies of other relevant documents, e.g. police reports,
to the respective SSDO:
a. details of the occurrence, including date, time, detailed description and cost
(original/ replacement) of furniture/ equipment found lost;
b. progress of internal investigation; and
c. recommendations for making up the loss and any action considered necessary to
prevent a similar occurrence.
3. The Supervisor/ Head of the school is required to certify in each case that no fraud,
suspected fraud, negligence or violation of any important principle of safety
measures is involved.
4. Schools may make use of the CFEG or the surplus of OEBG/EOEBG to replace the
standard F&E items lost in natural disaster, burglary, theft, fire, etc.
.
250
Appendix 4 Points to note and fire safety recommendations in organizing
barbecues and hot pot activities in school
Points to Note
1. School should consider and satisfy the following criteria when planning for
barbecue or hot pot activities (with electric cooker only) in school:
a. There is a genuine need of the school to hold such an activity on school premises.
b. The activity should be held after normal school hours.
c. All fire safety measures listed on the “Fire Safety Recommendations for Barbecue
and Hot Pot Activities” provided by the Fire Services Department (FSD) below
should be satisfied and observed.
2. When organizing barbecue and hot pot activities, school should conduct risk
assessment to determine the upper limit of participants for any particular locations.
a. Barbecue activities
From fire safety point of view, the upper limit in the number of participants will
depend on whether there are sufficient school staff supervising the safe conduct of the
barbecue and whether the location of the school premises for barbecue is suitable and
safe. For example, more school staff is required for looking after younger students
than those in the upper forms. Parents may be enlisted to assist in supervising the
barbecue.
b. Hot pot activities
School should assess whether the location for hot pot activity is adequately
spacious and with sufficient emergency exits to safely accommodate the number of
participants where such activity is being conducted. When deciding on the upper
limit in the number of participants of hot pot activity for a particular location, school
should consider the following:
 whether the number of exits at the location is sufficient should an emergency occur
which necessitate an immediate evacuation;
 the number of supervising school staff;
 the age of students taking part;
 the tripping hazards of electric cable, extension board, etc, lying on the floor;
 the stability of the table on which the hot pot and electric cooker are placed;
 the stability of the cooker and the pot; etc.
 the adequacy of means of escape of a classroom with reference to the design
population/ capacity and the number and width of exits in accordance with the
“Code of Practice for the Provision of Means of Escape in case of Fire 1996”.
For other rooms, the upper limit of accommodation should not exceed the figure
allowed on the latest plan (i.e. usually shown on the means of escape table)
approved by the Buildings Department (BD). If school does not have a copy of
the record plan for such information, school may approach the Building
Information Centre of BD to view the latest approved plan record. In case school
251
wishes to exceed the limit, the service of an Authorized Person to reassess the
upper limit of the room is required.
3. Wet or humid weather will affect the safe conduct of hot pot activity in the open
ground. The electrical insulation of electrical appliances, wiring, extension
board, etc, are adversely affected by humidity, dampness, rain, water, etc, unless
they are of the weatherproof types. The use of electrical appliances and
equipment in wet or humid weather may cause short circuits and electric shocks.
Hence, hot pot activity in schools in the open ground is NOT recommended. In
this respect, schools may refer to the relevant safety publications available at the
“Electrical Mechanical Services Department” website for ensuring electrical
safety.
Fire Safety Recommendations for Barbecue and Hot Pot Activities

1. Barbecue Activities (BBQ)
a. They should be conducted out of school hours;
b. The BBQ site should be on open ground and not cause obstruction to emergency
vehicular access;
c. A safety distance of at least 9 m should be maintained between the BBQ site and
any dangerous goods stores/ temporary structures/ collection of combustible
materials;
d. The number of BBQ fires and the stock of charcoal should be kept to the
minimum;
e. NO flammable liquid or dangerous substance is allowed to be used to light BBQ
fires or as fuel;
f. Two 9-litre water or 4.5 kg carbon dioxide type fire extinguishers should be placed
at the BBQ site;
g. During BBQ, sufficient staff should be available to ensure fire safety; and
h. NO other school activities should be conducted at the BBQ site concurrently with
the BBQ.
2. Hot Pot Activities
a. They should be conducted out of school hours;
b. ONLY electricity should be used, other fuels or open flame are NOT allowed;
c. AVOID electric overload, and use appropriate types of cooker and cooking
utensils to prevent hazards arising from boiling over and overturning;
d. Ensure good ventilation whilst conducting hot pot activities indoors;
e. In the place where hot pot activities are being conducted, the capacity of the place
should not exceed that stated in the “Certificate of Accommodation” issued by the
EDB;
f. Two 4.5 kg carbon dioxide type fire extinguishers should be made readily
available at the location of the hot pot activities; and
g. During hot pot activities, sufficient staff should be available to ensure fire safety.
252
Appendix 5 Sample of the resource directory
Agency Telephone no. Name Post

Education Bureau
Social Welfare
Department
Police Station
Ambulance
Service
Social Work
Agency
Fire Services
Department
Hospital
* In case of emergency (for example serious body injury, life-threatening situation

or situation requiring immediate support), schools should dial 999 for emergency
assistance.
253
Appendix 6 Template of letter to government departments applying for change
of room use
To : Distribution
Dear Sir/Madam,
Application for Change of Room Use
School Name:
School Address:
I am writing to seek your advice on the proposed change of use of Room (Room
Number) originally used as a (purpose of the room before conversion) to a (purpose of
the room after conversion) in my school.
Attached please find the layout plans for the room and the proposed changes.
I should be grateful if you would provide me with your comments on the proposed
change of room use at your earliest convenience. For enquiries, please feel free to
contact (responsible person) at (telephone number).
Yours sincerely,
( )
Supervisor/ School Head
Distribution
1. Chief Building Surveyor, Buildings Department or Independent Checking Unit,
Office of the Permanent Secretary for Transport and Housing (Housing)
2. Senior Divisional Officer, Fire Services Department
3. Principal Medical and Health Officer (Private Healthcare Facilities)1, Department of
Health
(Please refer to Appendix 7 for details of addressee and address.)
254
Appendix 7 Contact points of the respective government departments in
processing room conversion
District Fire Services Department Other government

departments
Central & Western Senior Divisional Officer Buildings Department
Southern Hong Kong Fire Protection Regional Chief Building Surveyor
Wan Chai Office Room 2105, 21/F, Pioneer
Hong Kong East M/F, Sheung Wan Fire Station Centre
Islands 2 Western Fire Services Street 750 Nathan Road
Hong Kong Kowloon
Shamshuipo Kowloon West Independent Checking Unit,

Yau Tsim Mong Senior Divisional Officer Office of the Permanent
Secretary for Transport and
Kowloon City Kowloon West Fire Protection Housing (Housing)
Wong Tai Sin Sub-Regional Office
8/F, Lung Cheung Office
Kwun Tong 6/F, East Wing, Tsim Sha Tsui Fire Block, 138 Lung Cheung
Station Road, Wong Tai Sin,
333 Canton Road Kowloon
Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon
Department of Health
Kowloon East Office for Regulation of
Kowloon East Fire Protection Private Healthcare Facilities
Sub-Regional Office Rm 402, 4/F, Cityplaza 3
14 Taikoo Wan Road
4/F, West Wing, Tsim Sha Tsui Fire Quarry Bay, Hong Kong
Station Complex
333 Canton Road
Sai Kung Senior Divisional Officer
Tai Po New Territories Fire Protection Regional
North Office
Shatin 4/F, West Wing, Tsim Sha Tsui Fire
Station Complex
Kwai Tsing
333 Canton Road
Tsuen Wan
Tuen Mun
Yuen Long
255
Acknowlegement
Special thanks to the following government departments for providing information:
 Home Affairs Bureau

 The Hong Kong Police Force
 Independent Commission Against Corruption
 Department of Health
 Social Welfare Department
 Environmental Protection Department
 Office for Film, Newspaper and Article Administration
 Student Finance Office
256

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School Administration Guide

(2018/19 school year)

CHAPTER 1 SCHOOL-BASED MANAGEMENT ................................................. 1

SBM is the decentralization of decision-making from the Education Bureau (EDB)

Since 1999, measures have been taken to facilitate schools’ implementation of

1. SBM aims to enable schools to manage their operation and resources in an

3. We envisage that our schools will be professional learning communities wherein

SCHOOL MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE

GOALS AND TARGETS

PERSONNEL POLICIES RESOURCE POLICIES

1. The SBM is a school-based, student-centred and quality-focused framework for

2. The Education Commission recommended that schools have to be more

4. The composition of IMC comprises six categories of school managers: SSB

1. A self-managing school is not free from regulation. It operates within a

2. The SBM framework operates in the following ways:

1. Learning and Instructional Matters

Education Regulations: R92(12)

Education Regulations: R98(1)

Education Regulations: R58

Education Ordinance: S73 - S78

Education Regulations: R55(1)-(4)

Education Regulations: R53

Education Regulations: R57(1)

Education Regulations: R94

3. School Finance Matters

Education Regulations: R60A, R61

Education Regulations: R67

Education Regulations: R65

Education Regulations: R66(2)

Education Regulations: R63

Education Regulations: R99A

Education Regulations: R99B

Education Regulations: R64

S14(b), COA for PS, S14(c), COA for SS

S14.3(e), COA for Aided Schools

S17, COA for PS, S17, COA for SS

Education Ordinance: S42 - S44 & S48 - S49

Education Ordinance: S87(3)

Education Ordinance: S87(5)

Education Ordinance: S53 & S57

Education Regulations: R76

Education Regulations: R77

Sex Discrimination Ordinance, Disability Discrimination Ordinance,

Education Ordinance: S85 and its subsidiary legislation

Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance

Occupational Safety and Health Ordinance

Employees’ Compensation Ordinance

5. School Premises and Safety

Education Regulations: R98

Education Ordinance: S20, Education Regulations: R10

Education Regulations: R16 1

Education Regulations: R17

Education Regulations: R18

Education Regulations: R21(2)(a)

Education Regulations: R22

Education Regulations: R27

Education Regulations: R28

Fire Service (Installation and Equipment) Regulations

Education Regulations: R39(1)