International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)

International Open Access Journal | www.ijtsrd.com

ISSN No: 2456 - 6470 | Volume - 2 | Issue – 6 | Sep – Oct 2018

Study on Building Struc

Structures
tures with Sloping Ground under
Seismic & Wind Load Conditions
Abhishek Kumar1, Pratiksha Malviya2
1
M.Tech Scholar, 2Professor,
Department of Civil Engineering
Engineering, Millennium Institute of Technology & Science,
Science
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

ABSTRACT
Analysis and design of space building frame for flexible vitality called seismic waves allal through the
seismic loading and wind pressure is very essential earth. Most regular tremor are caused by sudden
these days because construction of high rise buildings. slippage along a blame zone. The flexible bounce
It is also necessary to construct an economic and more back hypothesis proposes that if slippage along a
durable structure. It is possible by availabi
availability of blame is stuck to such an extent that versatile strain
various software and specialized programs. By using vitality develops in the twisting rocks on either side of
these software we can design a low weight reinforce the blame when the slippage occurs the vitality
structure which life is very good. These structures are discharged causes a seismic tremor. At the point when
more economical and safe by different forces acting a quake happens, the versatile vitality is discharged
on the building structure such as seismic
ismic load, snow and conveys vibration that movements all through the
load and wind pressure etc. earth. These vibrations are additionally called seismic
waves. The investigation of how waves act in the
The current work examines the structural behavior of earth is called seismology. The wellspring of a tremor
reinforced
orced concrete columns, beam aand footing in is known as the Center, which is a correct area inside
sloping geometry. In this study a G+8 storey RCC the earth were seismic waves are created by sudden
building is analysed on varying sloping angles i.e., 0o arrival of put away y flexible vitality. The epicenter is
or plane surface, 10o and 15o. the point on the surface of the earth straightforwardly
over the core interest.
The seismic forces and wind pressure are considered
simultaneously as per IS: 1893-20022002 and IS: 875 STAAD-pro V8i:-
PART 3 respectively. The whole structure is analysis STAAD pro is the leading design and structural
on software STAAD Pro v8i. The effect of sloping analysis software developed in Yorba Linda, CA by
ground on building performance during earthquake Research Engineers International.
rnational. In the late months
and wind pressure is observed. Seismic analysis has of year 2005, Research Engineers was brought by
been done using Linear Static method. Seismic Bentley Systems. It is quite user friendly and supports
analysis has been done using linear static method. a number of steel, timber and concrete design codes.
It can make utilization of different manifestations of
Keyword: sloping ground, STAAD Pro v8i., shear structural analysis
lysis from the conventional first order
force , bending moment, axial force, shear force, static analysis, second order p-delta
p investigation and
seismic zone. geometrical non-linear
linear analysis. These models can be
used in different forms of dynamic analysis from
INTRODUCTION model extraction and response spectrum to time
Earthquakes occur when energy stored in elastically history analysis.
strained rocks is suddenly released. This arrival of
vitality causes extreme ground shaking in the region STAAD.pro provides a very interactive user interface
close to the wellspring of the quake and sends wave of that allows users to draw frame sections and input

@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct

Oct 2018 Page: 788
 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
2456
load values and dimensions. According to specified examination in which the structure is spoken to by the
specifications, it analyzes the structure and finally conduct bend, which demonstrates the connection
designs the members with reinforcement details for between the base shear and the uprooting of the
the RCC frame. rooftop. It is otherwise called false examination.

Methods of Analysis: OBJECTIVES

Analysis is performed on the basis of behaviour of the  To analyse the building at three different sloping
structure, external action, structural material and the grounds (i.e., 0o, 10o and 150).
type of selected structural model. Depending on the  To analyse these models condition in varying
type of behaviour of the external verb and sstructure, dead load, live load, seismic load and wind load.
the analysis can be further classified as given below.  To investigate the effect of sloping ground on
structural displacement under seismic loading &
Equivalent static analysis: Wind pressure.
All designs against earthquake load should be
considered on the dynamic nature of the load. METHOD OFANALYSIS
However, for ordinary general structures, analysis by A. For the static and dynamic analysis of multi-storey
parallel linear analysis method is sufficient. This is buildings have moment resisting frame
allowed in most exercises for regular, low low-rise  By STAAD Pro. software Method
buildings. Dynamic analysis is not included in this  Equivalent static lateral force method – For
system; however, it is estimated to be responsible for Static analysis only.
the mobilization of the project. Firstly, the design base  Response spectrum method – For Dynamic
shearr is calculated for the entire building, and then it analysis only
is circulated with the height of the building. At each
floor level, thus obtained, the lateral forces are The assumptions, formulations and limitations of the
distributed for different side load resistance elements. storey drift are discussed as per IS 1893(part-1):2002
1893(part
(Duggal S.K., 2010) for regular buildings only.

Nonlinear Static Analysis: RESULTS

This is a convenient method in which the analysis is Effect of sloping ground on beam forces
done under permanent vertical load and it gradually The shear force and bending moment in plinth beams
increases the lateral load to estimate the pattern of and ground storey beams compared to investigate the
distortion and damage to the structure. Nonlinear need of forces of sloping ground structures.
static investigation is the technique ffor seismic
Table 6.3 Effect of sloping ground on critical forces in beams
Critical forces in beams Comparison of
Force /Structural Ground slope (in degree) various
Load case
component 0 10 15 analyses
1 2 3 2/1 3/1
1. Shear force Fy (kN)
a. Plinth level EQX 34.83 39.00 42.86 1.12 1.23
b. Ground storey EQX 55.06 49.65 49.43 0.90 0.90
c. Plinth level EQZ 64.13 43.01 56.76 0.67 0.89
d. Ground storey EQZ 65.80 49.44 51.25 0.75 0.78
2. Bending moment Mx (kN-m)
a. Plinth level EQX 3597.72 446.44 4258.7 0.12 1.18
b. Ground storey EQX 7011.33 695.61 6410.2 0.10 0.91
3. Bending moment Mz (kN-m)
a. Plinth level EQZ 377.72 571.56 549.48 1.51 1.45
b. Ground storey EQZ 690.33 696.56 753.14 1.01 1.09
Shear force Fy (kN) 1.5(DL
1.5(DL- EQZ) 175.47 532.14 759.70 3.03 4.33
Bending moment Mz (kN-m) 1.5(DL+ EQZ) 342.20 456.65 532.80 1.33 1.56

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
2456
Critical value of shear force Fy (KN) and bending Effect of sloping ground on maximum
moment Mz (kN-m) m) in beams decreases for different displacement
ground slopes.  Max. Displacement at top storey is not affected by
increase in the various ground slopes, but it is
From the shear, bending, torsional moment and affected and increases up to 5th story and
displacements tables of eight-story story reinforced maximum displacement at ground storey increases
concrete structures, built on plane ground and sloping by increase in the ground slopes under seismic
ground under similar conditions, we can conclude load inX-direction
direction and wind loading.
that:  Max. Displacement at top storey is not affected by
1. In short columns, because of their shorter height, a increase in the various ground slopes, and
considerable increase in stiffness of their section maximum displacement at ground storey is
is observed and the size of foundation is required increases by increase in the various ground slopes
more than plane surface. under seismic load in Z-direction.
direction.
2. While significant variation of several times of  Wind pressure acting in –X direction produce
shear force and bending moment rise is indicated much horizontal pressure on building as the height
in sloping ground cases. Thus, the section of these increases above 15 m.
columns is required to contain more steel to  The share force on Plinth beam increases as the
provide a greater resistance. slope of the ground increases and there are
3. Moment force acting on long columns iin sloping required much reinforcement and the size of
ground is more than shorter column and hence beams is slit increases.
more steel is required.
CONCLUSION
Analysis and design of space building frame for 1. In short columns, because of their shorter height,
seismic loading and wind pressure is very essential a considerable increase in stiffness of their
these days because construction of high rise buildings. section is observed and the size of foundation is
It is also necessary to construct a economic and more required more than plane surface.
durable structure. It is possible by availability of
2. While significant variation of several times of
various software and specialized programs. By using
shear force and bending moment rise is indicated
these software we can design a low weight reinforce
in sloping ground cases. Thus, the section of
structure which life is very good. These structures are
these columns is required to contain more steel to
more economical
omical and safe by different forces acting
provide
de a greater resistance.
on the building structure such as seismic load, snow
load and wind pressure etc. 3. Moment force acting on long columns in sloping
ground is more than shorter column and hence
Reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings are most more steel is required.
common type of constructions resting on plane and
sloping ground (hilly area) in India. There buildings REFERENCE
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and Retrofit of Concrete
oncrete Buildings, ATC-40,
ATC
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buildings with three different ground slopes (0o ,10o, 2. Athanassiadou C. J, 2008, Seismic performance of
15o) has been carried out by using static method. The R/C plane frames irregular in elevation,
top storey displacement and the footing reaction, axial Engineering Structures 30(2008):1250–1261.
30(2008):1250
force, shear and moment action induced in columns
and beams have been studied to investigate the 3. Birajdar B. G. and Nalawade S. S. 2004. Seismic
influence of sloping ground on structural performance Analysis of Buildings Resting on Sloping Ground.
of building frame. In Thirteenth World Conference on Earthquake
Engineering (13WCEE). Vancouver, Canada,
Paper No.1472.

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
2456
4. Birajdar B. G., Nalawade. S. S., 13WCE
13WCEE 2004 5. BIS. (2002). IS 1893 (Part 1) Indian Standard
Seismic analysis of buildings resting on sloping criteria for Earthquake Resistant
Resis Design of
ground. Conference on Our World in Concrete & structures, Part1: General Provisions and buildings
Structures: 29 - 30 August 2002, Singapore. (Fifth Revision). New Delhi, Bureau of Indian
Standards.

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