Preparation 11 (Cinnamon Water)

- amber prescription bottle

- White Label
3. Extractives
Aromatic waters - Galenical Products
- clear, aqueous solutions saturated with volatile oils or other > Tincture (Iodine tincture)
aromatic or volatile substances > Fluid extract
- odors and tastes should be dependent on the volatile > Extract
substances from which they are prepared
- should be free from empyreumatic (smoke-like) and other 4. Sterile Products
foreign odors
- generally used as flavored and perfumed vehicle Note:
- the volatile substance should be of pharmacopoeial quality or > Choosing a container
of best quality if finest flavor is desired in case of unofficial - Viscosity of Preparation
preparation + very viscous – wide
+ less – narrow
Aromatic waters can be prepared by 2 Official processes - light sensitivity
1. Distillation + Very – Amber
- most satisfactory method + Not – Flint
- slowest and most expensive > Shake vigorously – because oil and water are immiscible
- eg. Strong Rose Water > Small globules – saturated solution
> Oil is denser than water
>Cohobation > Moistened Filter paper> so oil won’t join the filtrate
- the process of repeatedly using the distillate to distill with
fresh portions of flowers/plant materials to minimize loss of Preparation 12 (Concentrated Peppermint Water)
water soluble components - amber prescription bottle
Eg. Orange/ Rose flowers - white label
- alternate solution method
2. Solution
a. Direct Solution Method Note:
Procedure: > Aromatic water - no preservative (should be freshly
- repeatedly shaking 2g or 2mL of the volatile substance with prepared)
1000 mL if purified water
- 12 hours set aside Preparation 13 (Calcium Hydroxide Topical Solution)
- filtered with wetted filter paper - flint narrow bottle
- made to volume by adding purified water through filter paper - red label
>more convenient than distillation in terms of time and
equipment Solutions
>Do not agitate when drawing off aromatic water if the excess - liquid preparations that contain one or more chemical
volatile oil is allowed to remain. substances dissolved in a suitable solvent or mixture of
mutually miscible solvents
b. Alternate Solution Method - homogenous mixture of 2 or more substances
Procedure: - should note the solubility and stability of each solute with
- incorporating the volatile oil with 15g of talc or sufficient regard to the solvent or solvent system
amount of siliceous earth or pulped filter paper
- Add 1000mL of purified water Relative Terms of Solubility
- mixture is agitated for 10 minutes
- water is then filtered (just add water when kulang) Descriptive Term Parts of Solvent Required
for 1 Part of solute
Liquid Preparation: Very Soluble <1
1. 1 Phase system Freely Soluble 1-10
- 1 homgenous layer (aromatic water, solution, elixir, syrup, Soluble 10-30
spirit) Sparingly Soluble 30-100
Slightly Soluble 100-1000
2. 2 Phase system
Very slightly soluble 1000-10,000
- 2 layers; Thixotrophy (2 layers: standing :: 1 layer:shaking)
Practically insoluble or >10,000
- GELOMAMI (Gel, Emulsion, Lotion, Magma, Mixture,
Suspension) insoluble

Methods of preparing solutions:

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1. Simple Solution In each 100 mL…
- prepared by dissolving the solute in a suitable solvent - 4.5-5.5 g of iodine
- eg. NaCl solution, Strong Iodine sol’n, Ca(OH)2 - 9.5-10.5 g of potassium iodide

>1g of iodine dissolves in 2950mL

2. Solution by Chemical Reaction >solutions of iodides dissolve in large quantities of iodine
- prepared by reacting two or more solute with each other in a >Strong Iodine solution is a solution of polyiodides in excess
suitable solvent iodide
- eg. Aluminum subacetatesol’n, Magnesium citrate sol’n,
Sulfurated Lime sol’n Procedure:
1. Dissolve KI in H2O
3. Solution by Distillation 2. Add I2 to KI solution
- for volatile oil - weigh with glass / porcelain
- very volatile (very difficult to remove)
4. Solution by extraction - very reactive to meal
- dug or pharmaceutical necessities of vegetable or animal 3. q.s. ad H2O
origin
- also called extractives Preparation 15 (Magnesium Citrate Oral Solution)
Different methods of extraction
a. Maceration – submerging the solute Magnesium citrate OS
b. Percolation – submerging with percolator - colorless- slightly yellow clear effervescent liquid
c. Digestion – with the aid of gentle heat - have sweet, acidulous taste, and lemon flavor
d. Infusion – blanching; addition of hot water - excellent medium for the growth of molds
e. Decoction – boiling for 15 minutes - and any mold spores present during the manufacture of the
solution must be killed if the preparation is to remain stable
Calcium Hydroxide – very soluble in cold water
Procedure:
CaO ------------------>Ca(OH)2 ------------------> CaCO3 1.Dissolve citric acid in Hot H2O
Slaking (5 min) CO2 (white ppt) 2. Dissolve MgCO3 in 12 mL H2O
Insoluble in water 3. Mix 1 and 2
4. Add syrup then boil, then let it stand
Prevention of CaCO3 5. Mortar; Triturate talc +lemon (flavoring agent). Triturate
- cover it properly 6. Add 5 & 4
7. Filter while Hot > sterile container
CaO> H2O > Cold Water 8. Collect filtrate: qs ad water (60mL) – purified
*no shaking just mix water/ordinary H2O ‘ stopper (cotton)
9. Attach the label
Preparation 14 (Strong Iodine Solution) 10. add Potassium Carbonate (KHCO3), submit and lay on its
- amber narrow bottle side
- red label

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