Studio 3

Data Presentation User Guide

This documentation is confidential and may not be disclosed to third parties

without the prior written permission of CAE Mining Corporate Limited.

© CAE Mining Corporate Limited

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This User Guide outlines the key processes and procedures that are associated with Data
presentation including generating professional plots in the Studio 3 application.

This document is suitable for standalone reference, or as a supplement to a Studio 3 training

course.

Studio 3 provides a wide range of tools for the presentation of exploration, geological
modeling and mine planning data. These tools can be grouped into the following categories:

• Plots window: create plot sheets, insert plot items and print plots

• Logs window: create plot sheets, insert plot items and print log sheets

• Window images: save window views to graphics format files

• Datamine Processes: a large selection of plotting processes for generating and

printing plots

• Design window plotting: generate and print plans and sections, superimpose plot files

Plots and Log Windows

The preferred environment for graphically creating plot and log sheets. Sheets can be
enhanced by inserting and formatting of the following features and more:

• Scale bars

• Legend boxes

• Text boxes

• Arrows

• Images

The plot and log sheets are printed individually or in batches using standard windows printing
tools.

All data displayed in the various sheets is automatically updated with any updated data files
when a project is opened.

Window Images

Images of the Design, Plots, Logs, and VR window views can be saved to a graphics format
file (.emf, .jpg, .tif, or .bmp). These images can then be used in the generation of documents
and visual presentations.

Studio Processes

Studio’s plotting Processes are primarily used to generate plots from Studio 3 macros and
scripts. These processes provide the ability to create and print the following types of plots:

Data Presentation User Guide 1

 • Plot prototype file

• Scatter, lines, histogram, log, probability, pie chart, 'pp' and 'qq' plots

• Frames, Arrows, titles, text

• Symbols and scaled symbols,

• Contours, strings, annotated perimeters

• Drillholes

• Wireframes and wireframe slices

• Block model sections

• Exporting Plot Data in CAD format for Plotting

Data Presentation User Guide 2

Contents
1 Overview 5
Purpose of this document 5
Prerequisites 5
Acronyms and Abbreviations 5
More information 5
2 Studio 3 Interface 6
Windows 6
Toolbars 6
Control Bars 8
Menu Bar 9
Status Bar 9
Popup Menus 10
3 Drillhole Types 11
Static Drillholes 11
Dynamic Drillholes 12
Static vs. Dynamic Drillholes 12
4 The Plots Window – Overview 14
The Sheets Control Bar 15
The Holes Control Bar 16
Using the Properties Control Bar 17
Using the Compositor Tool 17
Window Dependencies 18
5 Viewing Plot Data 19
Sheets, Projections and Overlays 19
Plot Sections 20
The View Settings Dialog (Creating Custom Sections) 23
Other Toolbars for Viewing Your Plot 26
6 Formatting Plots 30
Formatting Plots 30
7 Formatting Downhole Columns 32
Removing Existing Columns 32
Adding a Lithology Bar 33
Formatting a Downhole Column Legend 34
Legends Overview 35
Adding a Grade Histogram Column 36
Adding a Second Grade, Text Block and a Line Graph Copy 37
Other Downhole Column Formatting Options 38
8 Using Display Legends 40
Legend Categories 40
Legends Manger 41
Edit a Legend 42
Create a New Legend 44
9 Creating Sheets 45

10 Adding Plot Items and Features 49

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 Plot Item Properties 49
Feature Properties 52
Formatting Objects 53
11 Formatting Log Sheets 54
Log Sheets Overview 54
Creating a New Log View 55
The Log Toolbar 55
Display Modes 55
Setting Log View Properties 56
Formatting the Header and Footer 58
Formatting Log Columns 59
Adding and Removing Columns 59
Formatting Logs vs. Downhole Columns 60
Adding and Formatting a Depth Axis Column 60
Formatting Existing Text in Log Columns 61
Formatting Structural Information Columns 62
Formatting Existing Log Values As Graphs 63
Comparing Related Deposit Values Using Histograms 63
Appendix A: Hints, Common Questions & Issues 65

Data Presentation User Guide 4

1 OVERVIEW
Purpose of this document

This document aims to provide an explanation of the key features within Studio 3 used
for presenting electronic data.

A wide range of tools is available for the presentation of exploration, geological modeling
and mine planning data. These tools can be grouped into the following categories:

• Plots Window: create plot sheets, insert plot items and print plots.
• Logs Window: create plot sheets, insert plot items and print log sheets.
• Visualizer Replay Files: save normal, animated or dated Visualizer window
replay views.

Instructions and work process examples are used throughout this user guide to highlight
various procedures.

Prerequisites

Some experience of real-world mining techniques and processes would be an advantage,

although this document focuses on the usage of the various window interfaces in order
to represent real-world data and process results.

It is assumed that the reader has prior knowledge of Studio 3 and has, at the very
least, worked through the online Data Presentation tutorial that is available within the
system.

Acronyms and Abbreviations

The following acronyms and abbreviations are used throughout this user guide.

Acronym Description

DB Database
DSD Data Source Drivers
SQL Structured Query Language
ODBC Open Database Compliant

More information

For more information on using Studio 3, consult your online Help or contact your local
CAE Mining representative.

Data Presentation User Guide 5

2 STUDIO 3 INTERFACE
The Studio 3 interface has several distinct areas, most of which can be hidden, moved
or customized. The interface can be divided into the following areas:

• Windows
• Toolbars
• Control Bars
• Menus Bar
• Status Bar
• Popup Menus

Windows

Windows provide different views of loaded data as summarized below:

Window Functions

Design Design environment for the display and manipulation

of data
Visualizer 3D rendered views of data

VR (Virtual Reality) VR ‘immersion’ view of data including draping of aerial

photos, simulations etc.
Plots Provides the tools required to create high quality plots
in plan, section and 3D views.
Logs Drillhole log views.

Tables Table view

Reports Report view which includes drillhole summary and

validation.

Toolbars

Studio 3 provides access to a wealth of commands via various toolbars, with each
toolbar representing a group of commands of a given category. Some toolbars are likely
to be used more often than others, and are referred to throughout this tutorial. For
example the following toolbars contains buttons pertaining to project management (i.e.
open, close, save etc).

Configuring Toolbars

You can configure the Studio 3 interface in a variety of different ways, from the position
and state of toolbars, to the commands each toolbar contains.

Toolbars can be locked in position around the edges of the interface, or can be dragged
away from their ‘docked’ areas to become a ‘floating’ toolbar.

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 Docked toolbars, as shown on the left, can be rearranged within their
current zone only, and are floated automatically if they are dragged
away from any docking zone.

Docked toolbars will remain docked until floated. You can drag a
toolbar by left-clicking and holding on the ridged tab area on the left
side of the toolbar, and dragging it to a position away from any
dockable area, then releasing the left mouse button.

When floated, toolbars will look similar to the image shown on

the right. Floated toolbars, in contrast, can be moved to any
position within the Studio 3 interface (other than over a
dockable area, whereby they will be automatically docked).

Floating toolbars show the title of the toolbar, and can also be
resized by positioning your cursor over any edge (top, bottom,
left or right). When the cursor changes to a resize icon, you can
drag one of the toolbar edges to reorganize the contents of the
toolbar, as shown in the image to the left.

Toolbars can be further customized by adding or removing icons, using the context menu
for each toolbar. This menu is shown when you right-click any toolbar, regardless of
whether it is docked or floated, and provides access not only to the configuration of the
selected toolbar, but also allows you to make any other toolbar visible or invisible.

The image to the right shows an expanded context menu for the Sheets toolbar,
although the same options are shown for any selected toolbar.

In addition, you can enable or disable entire zones (Properties, Output etc.) using this
menu.

The top section of the context menu allows you to view or hide any of the available
windows, toolbars and control bars.

You can access advanced toolbar editing functions using the Customize option at the
bottom of the context menu. This option displays the Customize dialog. Note that you
can also access this dialog from the drop-down menus by selecting View | Toolbars |
Customize.

This dialog is used for editing toolbars, as well as editing device settings, look and feel
options and other features.

With the Customize dialog, you can:

• Hide and display toolbars

• Toggle tooltips on or off and toggle inclusion of shortcut keys in tooltips
• Use large icons
• Change the toolbar button style
• Add and remove buttons from toolbars

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 • Design your own toolbars.

To create and name a new toolbar

1. In the Customize dialog, select the Toolbars tab.

2. Click New.

3. Type the name into the Toolbar name box and click OK.

To add and remove buttons from toolbars

If the toolbar you wish to edit is not currently displayed, select the Toolbars tab and turn
on the toolbar.

1. In the Customize dialog, select the Commands tab.

2. If you are adding buttons to toolbars, select a Category to display the button
required.

3. To add a button, click-and-drag a button from the Commands list to the toolbar.

4. To remove a button, click-and-drag a button from the toolbar to the Commands

list.

Control Bars

There are a number of control bars which contain application controls. They can be
floated, docked, auto-hidden or hidden. The control bars include:

Control Bar Application

Project Files Browser This works in conjunction with the Project Explorer view
and allows the user to see the files contained within the
project. Files can be opened in the file editor or loaded
from the Project Browser.

Sheets Browser This shows the currently loaded plot objects.

Loaded Data Browser This shows the currently loaded data.

Holes Browser This shows the dynamic drillholes currently loaded

Customization Window This is an Internet Explorer type window and hosts

scripts or custom commands.

Data Properties This shows the properties of currently selected items

such as strings points and cells.

Properties Bar This gives access to the view and file properties.

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Customizing Control Bars

Studio 3 has several control bars which make use an elegant and intuitive tool, called
Smart Docking, to enable users to customize their interface to suit their working
behavior. Control bars can be positioned anywhere in the application window. They can
be grouped, they can be docked and they can be made to hide and reveal themselves
automatically.

Smart Docking uses drag-and-drop. When a control bar has been selected and dragged
away from a docked position, the Smart Docking buttons appear.

Select to dock panel to top of

active window

Select to dock panel to left side of Select to group with other control Select to dock panel to left side of
active window. bars and create a tab. active window.

Select to dock panel to bottom of

active window

As the control bar is dragged over one of the buttons, the position where it would be
dropped is highlighted. If no Docking location is selected the control bar will float.

Once docked, the automatic hiding and showing can be toggled on or off using the pin
icons below.

Permanently displayed - Pinned in position.

Hide and show automatically.
Menu Bar

The Menu Bar in Studio 3 is the standard Windows drop-down text menu.

Status Bar

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The Status Bar is situated at the bottom of the Studio 3 window and is used for the
following

• To display brief information relating to a specific icon or menu item.

• To show the progress of commands.
• To display or set the position of the mouse in XYZ space.
• To show if a command is currently running.
• To show the read status of the currently open file.
• To see or set numlock, scroll lock and caps lock statuses.

Popup Menus

These are context sensitive menus available within each window, activated with a right-
click of the mouse button.

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3 DRILLHOLE TYPES
It is important to understand that drillhole data represented on the screen is an
emulation of the actual drillhole position, shape and direction. There are two methods of
calculating coordinates down a hole:

• Straight-line method
• Desurveying

The simplest method of calculating the coordinates down a hole is the straight-line
method. In this method, the hole direction at each survey point is projected to the depth
of the next survey point. The advantage of this method is that it is very easy to
compute.

Coordinates at each survey point are calculated directly by simple trigonometry from the
position and orientation of the previous survey point. Unfortunately, this leads to errors
which increase with depth due to this method ignoring the fact that a drillhole is in fact
continuously curved, and does not bend abruptly and only at points where survey
readings happen to have been taken.

In addition, there is a systematic bias in the interpreted coordinates, in that each

surveyed direction is taken to apply for a length of hole below - but not above - the
position of the measurement. A centered straight-line method avoids the bias problem,
by assigning a given direction to a length of hole both above and below each
measurement, half-way to the next higher or lower measurement. Unfortunately this
method still does not account for the real curvature of the hole.

Desurveying a drillhole is the process of determining the actual XYZ coordinates down a
drillhole given the collar location and survey data. It is customary to survey a hole to
obtain known values of the azimuth and dip at regular downhole distances along its
length. From the collar location and survey measurements the actual XYZ coordinates
along the hole are then calculated. By default Studio 3 uses the desurveying method to
calculate downhole coordinates.

Studio recognizes two types of drillhole data namely:

• Static Drillholes
• Dynamic Drillholes

Static Drillholes

A Static drillhole is a single Studio 3 file which contains a set of XYZ sample center
points, lengths and directions which represent the hole traces. The desurveyed file is
generated using the command Drillholes | Validate and Desurvey (HOLES3D) which
takes the imported raw drillhole data (i.e. collars, surveys and sample data) and
desurveys them whilst maintaining the sample lengths and center points as specified in
the raw drillhole data.

It is important to note that due to the way in which the coordinates are calculated, the
length of the sample along the real-world curvature of the drillhole is maintained in the
flat-line segment, thus a 'gap' is created to compensate. Preserving segment lengths for
flat-line segments is essential to preserve ore grade locations along the segment, so this

Data Presentation User Guide 11

issue is unavoidable. The following image shows a highly exaggerated example of the
deviation of a screen-based drillhole line segment from a real-world drillhole location:

Note how the sample positions (shown as crosses) lie on the actual plane of the drillhole
raw data, but the projected strings deviated both above and below this point. Also note
the position of the interpreted collar position, offset from the real-world collar
coordinates due the projection of the first line segment above the initial sample point (a
deviation of this magnitude in reality is, however, highly unlikely to exist). For more
detailed information on how down hole samples positions are calculated refer to the
online help.

The differences between real-world and interpreted screen data can be

minimized by compositing by dividing samples into smaller segments before
running the desurveying command HOLES3D

Dynamic Drillholes

Dynamic drillholes are calculated by desurveying raw data, which comprise collar
coordinates, survey and sample information on the fly directly from a database. The
resultant traces are used in conjunction with formatting options to create a holes overlay
for display purposes.

This process differs from the way in which static drillholes are managed in that the in-
memory coordinate data ensures that sample segments meet exactly at each end. In
other words, down hole coordinates are calculated at the sample start and end points
rather than the sample center point. It should be noted, however, that this is at the
expense of retaining precise sample lengths, and the center points of each sample are
not maintained as being on the calculated hole trace as calculated by static drillholes. As
a result dynamic drillholes cannot be used for grade interpretation.
Static vs. Dynamic Drillholes

Whether you use static or dynamic drillholes depends on the type of function you wish to
perform:

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Function Static Drillholes Dynamic Drillholes

Grade Interpretation Must be used Cannot be used

Data Presentation The displayed screen image The displayed screen image
will not match the raw will match the raw drillhole
drillhole coordinates along coordinates along the full
the full length of the hole if length of the hole.
any curvature is present.

Updating data The raw data files must be Any changes made in the
re-imported and then database will be reflected in
desurveyed to reflect any the drillholes on
changes reloading/refreshing.

The affects of differences between Studio 3 data and real-world coordinates, although
increasing in line with the curvature of a drillhole along its overall length, can be
minimized by a combination of the following actions:

• Compositing prior to desurveying

• Dividing samples into smaller segments before desurveying
• Selecting the appropriate data type for the function you are going to perform (i.e.
display or grade interpolation).

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4 THE PLOTS WINDOW – OVERVIEW
Once geological and mine planning data have been loaded or created in Studio 3, they
are available for presentation in the Plots and Logs windows. This section will explain
the key features of the Plots window.

To view the Plots window click on the Plots tab. If the Plots tab is not displayed then
you can enable it by selecting View | Windows | Plots.

When a new project is created or loaded four different views are automatically created in
the Plots window. They include:

Plan View: plan map of all holes.

N-S Section nnnn.nn E: plot

showing the section with the default
active drill hole with a plan map
above it.

Section nnnn.nn N: plot showing

the section with the selected drill
hole.

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 3D: plot showing a 3D view of the
data. The default azimuth and dip is
45o and 60o respectively and can be
changed.

Each view can be edited by selecting the relevant tab along the bottom of the Plots
window. Additional views can also be created and edited.

Some of the features available in the plots window are:

• Graphically interrogate the drillhole data in section or 3D view.

• Plot drillhole traces and sample data values in plan, section or any 3D view
desired. A complete family of sections can be defined from a single section
definition using a single dialog.
• Insert plot items such as text boxes, coordinate grids, scale bars, tables
and title blocks which automatically adjust as you change the position,
orientation and scale of plot sheets.
• Select different paper sheet sizes, orientations, margins and scales for
each view.
• Use Page Layout mode to display and interactively edit page borders,
sheet margins, plot frames, coordinate grids, plot items and parameter
profiles.

The Sheets Control Bar

To access this control bar, click on the Holes tab at the bottom of the Workspace
window.

The Sheets control bar can be used to view or modify the Plot
window sheets and properties of the sheet. The image to the left
shows the standard Plots sheets that are automatically generated
for the online tutorial data.

Right-clicking on a sheet will give you a context sensitive menu.

Selecting either 3D Properties or Wizard, provides you with a

menu in which to modify the relevant settings.

Each Plot Sheet can be expanded to show the items displayed in the sheet. Right-
clicking on the Projection and Overlays items will also initiate context sensitive menus.

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Items can be inserted, deleted or modified using the Menubar, Toolbar or "Right-click"
context sensitive menus.

A single data object can be added to a sheet

multiple times as separate Overlays, each with
its own display and formatting parameters.

The Holes Control Bar

To access this control bar, click on the Holes tab at the bottom of the Workspace
window.

In the Plot view, the active hole is represented by a red symbol. Clicking a hole in the All
Holes view will automatically update the position of the active hole symbol in the plot
view, as shown in following example:

When another hole is selected, the Plot view is updated, e.g.:

The Holes tab is also used to access the Hole properties dialog, providing important
information about a hole. Right-click a hole description and click the Properties option
to see this dialog.

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This dialog is explained in detail in your online Help, however as a brief introduction;
there are two tabs;

• The first tab, Hole Properties shows the key information relating to the hole (Collar
position, End-of-Hole position, Length and Name).
• The second tab, Desurvey Settings shows information relating to the method used
to desurvey the hole.

Using the Properties Control Bar

The Properties control bar is context-sensitive, meaning that it is updated automatically

according to what data has been selected in the Plot View or Workspace control bar.

For example, selecting a hole ID from the Holes control bar

(see previous section for more information on this bar)
updates the Properties control bar to show a single tab;
named to match the ID of the hole. This tab shows brief
summary information for the hole, describing its length and
whether it has been excluded from the hole set or not.

In contrast, clicking a downhole position in the Plot view, as

shown by the example on the left (arrow shown for
demonstration purposes only), updates the Properties
window to show a selection of tabs relevant to the selected
hole position.

A tab will be displayed for accessing properties for the current Sheet and Projection, as
well as viewing information about the associated overlays and summary information for
the hole itself.

If the terms ‘Projection’, ‘Section’ and ‘Overlay’ confuse you, don’t worry, these terms
are explained in detail in the next section of this manual – ‘Viewing Data’.

Each of the tabs displayed in the Properties window is used to view (and amend, if this
is permitted) a particular category of data. Generally, editable properties are shown with
a white background, and read-only properties displayed with a grey background.

Using the Compositor Tool

The Compositor is a powerful tool for investigating

and navigating your way around project data. Use
the compositor in conjunction with any section, 3D
or log view.

By selecting intervals with the cursor, you can see

the properties of the current hole selection in the
Hole’s Name, From, To and Results field boxes.

By editing the From and To fields in the

Compositor window, you can update the current
view using the Synchronize option (Edit |
Synchronize).

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With the Compositor, you can;

• Select intervals interactively and display composite results.

• Slide composite or composite limits up and down the hole and observe composite
values.
• Select intervals by Hole Name and From - To depth and display composite results.
• Locate any interval on any hole on any section by synchronizing views from the
compositor.
• Composite samples over lithological domains.
• Composite drillholes over fixed downhole lengths.

Composite results may include:

• length weighted grades

• length @ grade
• length x grade
• dominant lithology
• specific gravity
• vertical and horizontal thickness
• from-to depths
• start, mid and end coordinates
• azimuth, inclination and declination

Compositing text values

The dominant text value in a composite is determined by calculating the total length of
each text value e.g. lithology codes, and assigning the value with the maximum length
to the composite.

Window Dependencies

The Workspace and Properties windows are linked. As you select different entries in
the Workspace, the Properties window is updated. Similarly, making selections on the
Plot view also updates the Properties window, which, in general terms, is a context-
sensitive window for selected data.

By default, each view of data in the Plot window can be formatted independently of
others to allow for a diverse collection of presentation screens. However, you can also
choose to link views so that updates to multiple screens can be performed
simultaneously. This view linking functionality is described later in this manual.

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5 VIEWING PLOT DATA
This section describes the basic principles used when creating plots and logs.

Sheets, Projections and Overlays

Studio 3 provides many ways for viewing and interrogating mining and geological data. It
does this through a variety of windows which each concentrate on a different aspect of the
data.

This viewing hierarchy is closely related the way in Studio 3 handles data and formats it for
display. Data is loaded into memory as objects which, depending upon their nature, can be
viewed through one or more of the windows in different formats.

In principle, each window contains at least one sheet and each sheet has an associated
projection, which, in turn, is made up of overlays. Overlays are graphical
representations, which can be formatted, of objects. Each object can have its own set of
overlays, each representing a particular view of the underlying data.

When viewing Plots, the view contains as many sheets as are required to represent the
data appropriately, and each sheet may also contain more than one section. Data exists
in memory as 3D objects and is displayed as overlays within a section. The Plots
window, which is principally for producing printed output, requires the concept of the
printable sheet, and for most kinds of work it requires many sheets. Furthermore, some
sheets are often required to show more than one section or plan (projection) so the
concept of multiple sections per sheet has been built in.

The Logs Window can contain many sheets, with multiple projections per sheet.
However, due to the format of data displayed in this window, there is no facility to apply
overlays.

In summary, there are three key components that together form the viewing hierarchy
in Studio 3:

• Sheet: the means for showing more than one view of the data (3D objects)
within the Studio 3application window. Many simultaneous sheets
are supported in Studio 3.
• Projection: a discrete view of the data in memory. The Plot window allows
multiple projections to be displayed on a single sheet.
• Overlay: a representation of a 3D object. An overlay has two main
components: the object that it represents - shape, size and location
in 3D space, and its formatting instructions. A single overlay can only
represent a single object, but a single object may be represented by
many overlays.

The concept of Sheets, Projections and Overlays is best described using an image, as
seen below:

Data Presentation User Guide 19

 Plots Window

Sheet 1 Sheet 2

Projection 2 Projection 2
Projection 1 Projection 1

Projection 3 Projection 3

Multiple Overlays Multiple Overlays

Plot Sections

The Plot view can contain as many views of sections through data as you need.
However, it is important to remember that each section is capable of displaying a view
from a single direction only. In other words, there can be only one section definition for
each section. If you change the definition, all data within the associated section will be
updated.

You will probably find it necessary to produce

multiple section views of your plot in order to present
your data most effectively. Several default section
alignments are available, and you can also create
your own custom sections.

For more information on creating and managing

sections, see ‘Creating Section Views’, later in this
section.

A complete family of sections is defined by a single

section definition. For example; if the drilling data
extends between northings 1000N and 2000N, by defining a single East-West section at
1000N (or 2000N or 1356N, for example) and a section width of 100 meters, the
program will auto-range the extents of the data and create a total of 11 East-West
sections. The entire family of sections is contained in a single section view.

Horizontal (benched), inclined and vertical sections can be quickly defined using the
Section Wizard by selecting the section type, section azimuth, section width and the

Data Presentation User Guide 20

center point coordinate of any one of the sections. The creation of plan and 3D views is a
simple one step process. This key process is covered in more detail in subsequent
sections.

Having created the default section, plan or 3D view, the section definition, page size and
view settings can then be modified as required. Changes made to the section definition
can be displayed dynamically to give the user immediate feedback on the effect of
changing one or more settings.

The section may also be redefined or repositioned interactively by picking the center
point or end points of a new section in an existing view, or snapping to a particular hole
collar or sample.

Views and Sections

The concept of view and section is important in the Plots window, particularly with
regards to 3D sections.

3D data is viewed from potentially

any angle, and is simply the angle
at which the data is displayed to
you, the viewer. A viewpoint is a
purely aesthetic setting that will
allow you to best display your
data for whichever task you are
undertaking.

In the image above and to the right, a wireframe

orebody is viewed in the direction indicated by
the red arrow.

Once this view definition is set, this results in an

image similar to the one below being shown in
the 3D image on the left.

However, as this example is potentially

misleading, it is important to highlight the fact
that the viewpoint is simply the view that is
displayed to you.

Instead, a section is a slice through the data, and this slice does not have to be the
same as the viewpoint, in fact, in many cases, you may wish to view a section from a
non-orthogonal angle. It is the separation of control between section and view that is
fundamental to data management in the Plots window.

The orientation of a section of data determines how a

particular body of data is ‘cut’ for the purpose of
extracting data at a particular plane within it. So, in the
following image, a section is represented by a
transparent disc, which intersects the body of data at
the position of the red boundary line:

The viewpoint and section are, at this stage, not

aligned. This could be, for example, because the data is
being viewed from an angle that suits the presentation

Data Presentation User Guide 21

of the 3D data, but for useful 2D plot data to be drawn, a section needs to be applied
through the area shown.

It is possible to align a view with a section by selecting the Align View With Section
function on the View toolbar (more information on this function and toolbar follows, and
your online Help also contains tutorials and supplementary information on how to create
and align sections effectively.

If you are viewing a 3D section, by default, you will see the viewpoint of the current
object, along with all the data that is currently set to be displayed. This data will either
be the full object, or a section of the object. This section is displayed in alignment with
the current section definition. In other words, your ‘slice’ of data can be controlled
independently of the viewpoint. You can also specify how much data, either side of the
section plane, is visible, by setting the width of the section.

Section Widths (Clipping)

A section is, in effect, a ‘snapshot’ of the loaded data set at a particular angle and
position, you can opt to include as much or as little as the data within your section as is
required to demonstrate your results effectively. You can, for example, elect to have a
section that only shows data that intersects with the exact position of a 2-dimensional
plane. In this scenario, a cross-section will be shown without any neighboring data.
However, by setting the thickness of a section (otherwise known as ‘Setting Clipping
Limits’), you can include more or less data before and after the section. You could, for
example, show all data that lies 50 meters either side of the section plane in the current
Plot view.

In the images below, the one on the left shows a section through a wireframe orebody
(the same as shown in the images in the previous section), however, the section width
has been reduced to 10 meters. In contrast, the image on the right shows the same
view, with the section width set to be 150 meters:

10 meter section width 150 meter section width

The example images above also show another previously mentioned feature of sections
and view – they do not have to be aligned. In both images (although more clearly seen
in the right image) the section definition is set so that the section of data is shown at a
non-orthogonal angle.

To see the alignment of the current section more clearly, use the Format Overlays
dialog:

1. Select Format | 3d Objects…

2. Select the Section Line Properties tab.

Data Presentation User Guide 22

 3. Locate the Hide property, and if it is set to [Yes] (the default) click inside the box
and select [No] from the drop-down list:

4. You can now see the boundary line of the section on the 3D
plot view, as shown by the image on the right. You can use the
same tab to set the color, linestyle and other properties of the
section line.

Once the section line is in view, you can modify the location either
using the Section toolbar (see the following section for more details)
or the View Settings dialog (more information on this also follows).
The important point to remember when managing sections is that any
changes to the section definition in a particular view will be carried
over to all other sections within the same view (the number of these
sections will depend on the current section interval). There is also the
possibility to control sections in other views using a section master,
which is explained in more detail later in this user guide.

This Section toolbar is a useful tool for controlling how your section data is to be
represented, and also how the section itself is defined in terms of position, alignment and
width.

Each of the commands on the Section toolbar can be used to configure your section. A full
description of each command can be found in your online Help, but as a brief summary;

• The first four icons are used to define the position of the section,
either as a plane going through a single point, a plane defined by two points, by
definition of a single point to include within the section or by manually setting the
mid-point of the section.

• The following 3 icons represent the alignment of the section, which can
be either horizontal, North-South or East-West.
• The next icon is used to define a custom section definition, using the View
Settings dialog. This dialog is explained in more detail in the following section.

• The following set of icons allows you to

control the section clipping. From left to right the commands are; Set Section
Width, Make Section Wider, Make Section Narrower, Select Section Width
and Apply/Disable Clipping.

• The final pair of icons allows you to step backwards and forwards through
the family of sections relating to the current view. Data will be updated
automatically as each new section position is set.

The View Settings Dialog (Creating Custom Sections)

When designing your presentation, you will find the View Settings dialog to be
invaluable for quickly aligning and viewing data exactly as you want it to be displayed to
your target audience. There are several ways to activate this dialog;

Data Presentation User Guide 23

 • Selecting Section | Orientation | Custom...
• Clicking the Custom Section icon on the Section toolbar.

Firstly, it would be useful to outline a few basic principles about section views:

• The section line or plane is defined independently of the view direction. You can
view a section from any angle, or you can fix your viewing direction and rotate
the section, or you can lock the view direction so that it is always perpendicular to
the section.
• There is only one section definition applied in each section view. It doesn't matter
which section line you are currently viewing, when you change the section
definition, the change is applied to all section lines in that view.
• The number of sections lines is dynamic and is recalculated by the program
whenever the section width is changed so that the full extents of the data
perpendicular to the section line are included.

Some of the more common tasks are listed below:

To change the section line orientation

1. Run the command Section | Orientation | Custom.

2. Position the dialog so that you can see the section view and check the Dynamic
option.

3. The current section line orientation is displayed in the Section Orientation box on
the Section Definition tab. For example:

4. Select a different standard orientation (Horizontal, North-South or East-West) or

use the spin buttons to change the Azi(muth) and Inc(lination).

When you type a value into an entry box, click Apply to accept the
new value.

5. Use the Position buttons (forward and back) to review how

these changes affect the other section lines in this view.

To change the section width

Data Presentation User Guide 24

 1. Run the command Section | Orientation | Custom.

2. Position the dialog so that you can see the section view and check the Dynamic
option.

3. The current width is displayed in the Width box on the Section Definition tab.

4. Type a new value or use the dial buttons to increase or decrease the Width.

The Section Width tab has the same function and is displayed when
the Set Width command is chosen from the Section menu.

The Narrower and Wider commands on the Section menu can also
be used to decrease or increase the section width.

5. Use the Position buttons to review how these changes affect the other section
lines in this view.

To change the section position

1. Run the command Section | Orientation | Custom.

2. Position the dialog so that you can see the section view and check the Dynamic
option.

3. The current coordinates of the section mid-point are displayed in the Mid-Point
box on the Section Definition tab.

4. Type a new value or use the dial buttons to increase or decrease the X (Easting),
Y (Northing) and Z (Elevation) of the section mid-point.

5. Use the Position buttons to review how these changes affect the other section
lines in this view.

Using a section definition table

1. Run the command Sections | Use Table. If you have not already loaded a
section definition table you will be asked if you wish to load one.

The sections table contains predefined section definitions. These

might be in a predefined, non-parallel pattern such as a fan or they
might not have any specific relationship one to the next. You can
change the section displayed using the section navigation keys in the
usual way.

2. After loading a section definition table you can view the predefined section
definitions by running the command Section | Section Manager. The following
dialog will appear listing the sections.

Data Presentation User Guide 25

Other Toolbars for Viewing Your Plot

There are four toolbars used for navigating the Plot window; the Pan toolbar, the Scale
toolbar, the View toolbar and the Zoom toolbar. These are shown below.

The Pan Toolbar

This toolbar is used to shift the current data display orthogonally.

The four directional arrows on the Pan toolbar will shift the display incrementally in the
indicated direction.

The final icon - Pan Using Cursor - shifts the display based on the start and end points
you pick on the screen. The first point you pick is moved to match the second point you
pick.

The Scale Toolbar

The buttons and tools on this toolbar change the scale of the plot, allowing more or less
data to appear on the specified sheet size. All scale value changes are shown in the
display window comprising the right half of this toolbar. You can also type scale values in
this window or select a scale from the drop-down list.

From left to right, the icons are as follows.

Increase Scale, Decrease Scale: changes

the scale of the plot incrementally when
clicked.

Scale Window: zooms to the box you draw in

the Plot window.

Scale Fit: scales the data to best fit the page.

This is used to to show the full extent of the
data.

Data Presentation User Guide 26

 Lock Scale: locks the scale at the current
value and disables the Scaling toolbar.

Custom Scale: enter a ratio scale in the

format n:nnnn to view a custom scale.

The View Toolbar

This toolbar is used to apply global changes to the current section view. There are four
options available on this toolbar:

Flip View Direction: to understand how this function operates, it is

important to understand how the view direction is established in a plot
view. If you imagine your view of the current data is represented from your eyeball, to
the screen, through the virtual data and out the other side (to the same virtual distance
that you are currently viewing the data), this function simply swaps your viewpoint from
one end of the ‘line’ to the other. It doesn’t swap data around, or alter any of the
coordinate points contained within the underlying data – it simply displays any 3D data
as if viewed from the opposite direction. All other (‘flat’) data, such as text boxes, scale
bars etc. remain unaffected.

This option is only available for 3D section views.

In the example on the left, a 3D section view has been appended with a 3D Visualizer®
image and text.

Note that the 3D section data is shown in the top pane, and the 3D image has been
added as a plot item to the bottom left pane (more details on inserting and editing plot
items can be found later in this manual).

It is important to remember that the wireframe image represents the current view of the
3D data, and does not necessarily represent how the current section through the data is
defined.

Selecting the Flip View Direction command shows the data as seen through a flipped
viewpoint, as if the viewpoint is placed on the other end of the viewing ‘line’, and as
such, should not be confused with a simple reversal of the original image (i.e. a mirror-
image).
After flipping the viewpoint, the original view is then replaced with an image similar to
that shown in the image above left.

Selecting the Flip option again will revert the view to be the same as the top image
again.

Note how the other items on the section are unaffected by view flipping, as only the view
of 3D data can be amended with this command, the current section definition will not be
changed as only the view is changing, not the data ‘slice’.

Align View With Section: the concept of View and Section is important
here, and this is explained in detail in ‘Views and Sections’ earlier in this
Chapter – if you haven’t read this yet, it is advisable to do so before continuing as it
explains some key concepts relating to the display of data in Studio 3.

To align the view of the current 3D data with the currently defined section, select this
icon. Note that once selected, the option becomes grayed-out, as it is only available for
sections that are not currently orthogonal to the viewing plane.

Data Presentation User Guide 27

 Set Exaggeration: ‘exaggeration’ is the stretching or shrinking of the
current view of the data (but, and this is important, not the data itself).

Data can be exaggerated in any of the 3D axes, using the Exaggeration dialog.

Exaggerating data effectively deviates the image from the current 1:1 view, and data
can be exaggerated in both incremental and decremental directions. This function is
particularly useful if a particular view does not incorporate all the elements you wish to
display in your plot at the current scale, and a 1:1 view is unimportant, or where a
particular direction needs to be extended in order to exaggerate the scale for
demonstration purposes.

If exaggeration is applied along an axis that is perpendicular to the viewpoint, no change

will be seen as the extension or retraction of data is along the line of view. Changes can
still be applied, but will only be seen when the view direction is amended away from the
perpendicular alignment. The following examples show two economic evaluations. The
image on the left represents a 1:1 exaggeration, whereas in the right hand image, an
exaggeration of 1.5 has been applied along the X axis:

Exaggeration = 1:1 Exaggeration = 1:1.5 in X

Note that it is only the representation of the 3D data (or the 2D representation of 3D
data) that is amended. Exaggeration is not applied to plot items or other added 2D
features.

No Exaggeration: you can remove any exaggeration settings from the

current view with this option, and revert your view to a 1:1 display
setting.

The Zoom Toolbar

Zoom in and out of your plot data using these commands:

The first two icons allow you to zoom in and out of the current data. Zooming in and out
will double or halve the magnification of the current view. The third icon – Zoom to Fit
– will increase or decrease the magnification required to show the entire body of
displayed data on screen. Note that hidden parts of data can lie outside the viewable
area, data is scaled to fit all visible data on screen.

The fourth icon is used to select a rectangle on the screen (make sure you drag a
rectangle – click once, and create your area to magnify, then release the left mouse
button).

Data Presentation User Guide 28

The editable drop-down list on the right of the toolbar allows you to specify a scaling
value manually, or to select a pre-defined scaling ratio from the list supplied.

There are many more functions available for viewing data, and construction sections.
This manual includes some practical exercises to give you a greater understanding of the
processes involved; ‘Using a Section Master’ and ‘Creating Multiple Plots’ are of particular
relevance.

Data Presentation User Guide 29

6 FORMATTING PLOTS
To create professional plots, presenting data clearly and attractively, you will at some
stage need to configure the display of the current data to best achieve your aims.

Formatting can be applied at many levels, and the key to devising an effective plot is to
utilize formatting functions in these key areas. This section covers the main formatting
commands and functions. Note that due to the powerful and flexible nature of Studio 3
there are many more functions and possible outcomes than are presented in this user
guide, please refer to your online Help for more detail.

Formatting information has been divided into the following categories. This section
focuses on the formatting of plots. Other areas are discussed in subsequent Chapters, in
the following order:

• Formatting Plots: setting up the page and grid.

• Formatting Downhole Columns.
• Formatting Log Sheets.
• Formatting Downhole Lithology Columns.
• Formatting Structural Information Columns.
• Formatting Downhole Assay Columns.
• Formatting 3D Objects

Each section includes a general procedure for achieving the various formatting functions.

Formatting Plots

In this section, you will see how your plots can be configured to show geology and
assays in a variety of different formats.

As with the setting of viewpoints and display settings in general, the formatting in the
Plots window is applied on a plot-by-plot basis. For this reason, you must have the
required plot sheet selected when changing plot settings as these are assigned to each
plot type (section, plan, or 3D View) independently. For example, a project can have a
series of plans at a 1:500 scale while the sections could be defined using a scale of
1:1000.

Page Setup

The page size, orientation and margins are defined

in the Page Setup dialog, which is accessed using
File | Page Setup.

The Page Setup dialog is a simple page

configuration menu, as shown on the right,
allowing you to select the Paper Size from the drop-
down list, or enter a Width and Height manually, to
set the margin dimensions, and the general
orientation of the page (Portrait or Landscape).

After clicking OK in the Page Setup you will be

given the choice of either applying the page

Data Presentation User Guide 30

dimensions to the existing plot without scaling, or automatically scale all plot items
(including 3D data representation) to the new dimensions.

Whichever settings you specify, you should always ensure that your printer/plotter is
capable of supporting the dimensions specified.

Plotting in Studio 3 has been designed with flexibility in mind, and this extends
to the way media can be defined independently for each type of printable output.
For example, you may wish to use an A2 sheet for a plan view print, A3 for E-W
section views and A4 for log plots (more on these later). You are not restricted to
a single sheet size for each output type.

Using the Grid

A 3-dimensional grid overlay can be applied in a variety of

different ways. The level of information shown, the spacing,
rotation, color, line style and interval used can be set
independently for the X, Y and Z axes.

In addition, you can configure precisely how grid labels are

displayed (if you decide to use them).

A grid is a useful tool for displaying the alignment of plot

features and other items, although care should be taken not
to ‘overcrowd’ your plot with grid lines that may be
interpreted as confusing. The image on the left shows visible
formatted grid lines for all three grid axes, each in a different
color. As the view is isometric, all axes are visible; however, if
the view is rotated so that one axis is orthogonal to the view,
only two axes will be shown.

Grid formatting is achieved using one section of the Format Display dialog. This dialog
is important as it provides access to a wide variety of display functions.

To display this dialog run the command Format | Display. To access the section that
deals with the formatting of your grid select the Grid tab.

It is useful to regard a grid as a 3D object, and not a 2-dimensional overlay. If you scale
your plot, or rotate the current view, or any other view manipulation command, the new
settings will be applied to the grid as well as any other 3D data. This is important, as the
grid represents the 3D space in which 3D data is positioned.

The Grid tab allows you to alter the border of the grid (and, effectively, the view of the
data), as well as providing settings for the start position, interval, color and line style for
each axis. In addition, you can specify what label you would like to apply for each axis,
and for the interval markers, how many decimal points are to be displayed. If you are
going to specify labels, these can be controlled using the Labels group, allowing you to
set the position of each label in relation to its respective grid line, and how the label is
positioned in relation to the border.

You can also change the Font for each label using the browse button at the bottom of the
dialog. By default, labels are displayed in an Arial font, at 8 pt. You cannot set label
settings independently for each axis, the settings made in the Labels and Font groups
apply to all labels.

Data Presentation User Guide 31

7 FORMATTING DOWNHOLE COLUMNS
Drillhole data can be formatted to allow your plot-viewing audience to get the most
valuable information relating to the composition of the displayed data. Studio 3, again,
allows you to perform a wide variety of formatting functions on drillhole representations.

Using the Format Display dialog, drillholes can be enhanced using the Downhole
Columns section. The settings in this section are associated with each drillhole and allow
you to present your data in easily understood formats.

This section of the user guide describes how to apply formatting to downhole data in a
manner similar to the image shown on the left, using downhole columns, although the
end result will probably vary significantly from the image shown, depending on the
composition of the drillhole data you currently have loaded.

Before going into the details of how to format downhole columns, it is useful to know
how to remove existing formatting.

Removing Existing Columns

The procedure for removing existing downhole column data in either the Design or
Plots windows is as follows:

1. Choose Format| Display.

If removing column data from Dynamic or Static Drillholes ….

1. Ensure the relevant dynamic drillholes overlay is selected in the Overlays tab.

2. Select the Drillholes sub-tab, e.g.:

3. If it is not already ticked, click in the box next to ‘Display downhole columns’.

4. Use the preview panel of the drillhole columns and click the column you wish to
delete

5. Click the Delete button.

Data Presentation User Guide 32

 Studio 3
Grade Estimation User Guide
6. Repeat step 4-5 for each column you wish to remove.

7. Click on Apply to view these changes in the current plot view.

Removing all columns will result in your section displaying only the drillhole traces, e.g.:

…on removal of all

columns in view
becomes…

With the current downhole formatting removed, you can now add lithology as a constant
width bar.

Adding a Lithology Bar

You can add a new fixed width lithology bar to the current dynamic drillhole display
using the following procedure:

1. Open the Format Display dialog.

2. Select the static or dynamic drillhole overlay to which you wish to

add a lithology bar (Overlays tab)

3. Select the Drillholes sub-tab.

4. Click the Insert button.

5. Select the Data Column option from the first page of the column
wizard and the click Next.

6. Select a description relating to a Lithology log table from the list of

Tables. Click Next.

7. Select the lithology code field name in the list of Fields. Click Next

8. Select [Bars] from the list of style templates to make the initial
settings – you will be warned that the format will be reset so click
Yes. Select OK.

9. A new tab will appear in the preview window, e.g.:

Data Presentation User Guide 33

 10. Double-click the new bar to open the formatting dialog.

11. Choose the Width/Margins tab and set the Column Width to the
width of column required.

12. Click Apply and view the changes. As an example, the image on
the preceding page shows a centrally-aligned downhole column,
with a fixed width.

The lithology is displayed using a default legend. Legends are discussed in more detail
in the next Chapter, however, the following procedure shows you how to apply different
color settings to the lithology column.

Formatting a Downhole Column Legend

When the lithology data was imported, the data source driver created a default color
legend for each of the fields in this file. The following procedure allows you to change
this:

Data Presentation User Guide 34

 1. Make sure the Format Display dialog is
open, at the Overlays/Drillholes tab.

2. Double-click the column you wish to edit and

selected Format…

3. Choose the Border/Color tab.

4. Clear the Fixed Color check box, select the

Color check box and choose an option from
the color palette.

5. Select all four borders in the Borders box.

6. If not already selected, check the Fill and

Color using legend options and choose a
legend (if you do not have a current legend
that is applicable to the selected data
column, or if you are unsure which legend to
select, it may be useful to refer to the
following Chapter – ‘Legends’ – and return
to this point after creating a legend for the
lithology data column).

7. Click OK – click Apply

Legends Overview

Briefly, Legends (in this context) are a lookup table that associates certain values within
a data object, with a display setting. For example, if you have a data object that has a
column entitled ‘Numbers’, with 10 rows containing the numbers 0 to 9. Each row in the
table also contains point data locations (X, Y and Z). A legend, in a simple form, can be
set up so that points 0 to 3 are drawn in one color, 4 to 7 in another, with 8 and 9 being
set to another color.

This legend is then associated with the data object following the instructions in this step.
Points will then be drawn in 3 colors, e.g.:

Following this example, if you had a similar points object, but this time the integers in
the ‘Numbers’ column ranged from 11 to 20, an attempt to apply your new legend to this
object would result in all points being drawn in the default color, as none of the details in
the legend match values found in the object.

Data Presentation User Guide 35

As mentioned, legends are discussed in more detail in the following Chapter. The next
procedure describes how to add a grade histogram to your downhole column.

Adding a Grade Histogram Column

To add histogram formatting to your downhole column for dynamic drillholes:

1. Make sure the Format Display dialog is open, at the Overlays/Drillholes tab.

2. Click the Insert… button.

3. Select the Data Column option and click Next.

4. Select an Assay Log table in the Table list and click Next.

5. Select a grade field name from the Field list and click Next.

6. Select Filled Histogram from the Style template list. Confirm and click OK.

7. In the column preview window, ensure the grade column is shown at the top. You
can reposition the columns by left-clicking and dragging the columns up or down
the top-bottom order, e.g.:

8. Double-click the grade column to reopen the formatting dialog.

9. Choose the Graph/Color tab.

10. Set your Minimum and Maximum values; these values will always be the minimum
and maximum values found in the specified file (in this case, the assays log),
however, you can restrict your histogram to report a narrower scope if you wish,
by manually adjusting the values.

11. If not already selected, select the Filled and Color using legend check boxes and
choose a legend to display the column (for more information on legends, and how
to create them, see the following Chapter).

12. Choose the Width/Margins tab and set the Column width to the width of column
you require. The value you enter in Column width controls the scale of the
histogram. For example if the values range from 0 to 30 and you enter a value of
5 for Column width then a value of 30 will be represented by a bar 5mm long, a
value of 15 will be represented by a bar 1.5mm long and a value of 10 will be
represented by a bar 1.67mm long.

13. Choose Apply and view these changes.

A histogram has been placed alongside the drillhole trace.

The following image shows an example of a filled histogram, colored by legend,

added as a new downhole column.

Data Presentation User Guide 36

 The image below shows the full drillhole trace on the left, a centrally-aligned
fixed-width bar and a left-aligned histogram, with an expanded view on the right

Adding a Second Grade, Text Block and a Line Graph Copy

More formatting. This time, a text block and graph are being added to the dynamic
drillholes. This can provide useful literal information to supplement any graphical
columns that have already been added. To add grade text and a line graph:

1. Make sure the Format Display dialog is open, at the Overlays/Drillholes tab.

2. Click the Insert… button.

3. Select the Data Column option.

4. Select your assays table in the Table box.

5. Select a grade field name in the Field box.

6. Select [Text] from the list of style templates. Click Yes, then OK to return to the
Format Display dialog.

7. Repeat steps 2-6. You now have two new downhole columns in view. To format
these:

8. Double-click the first of the two grade columns.

9. Choose the Width/Margins tab and set the Column Width to the width of the
column required, or accept the defaults.

10. Choose the Border/Color tab and select No Border.

Data Presentation User Guide 37

 11. Choose the Text tab and in the Number Format box select [Integer]. Either accept
the default settings or clear the Use Defaults check box and set the font size/type
as required

12. Select the Fixed Color option in the Color box and choose a text color (e.g. black)
by clicking the relevant colored button.

13. Choose the Alignment tab, and either accept the defaults or clear the option to
Use default alignment and select your alignment options. Click OK.

14. Next, select the second grade column in the Columns in View box and choose the
Style Templates tab.

15. Select the [Line Graph] template style.

16. Choose the Graph/Color tab and set your Minimum and Maximum values as
explained in ‘Adding a Grade Histogram’ above. In the Color box select the Fixed
Color option, and set a color for the line. The Filled check box should be cleared.

17. You may feel that your data will be represented more effectively if your Line
Graph overlaps the Text column. If so, under the Widths/Margins tab, select the
Overlap previous column option.

The image on the right shows an example of a

drillhole trace formatted to show a Grade text
column, and an associated line graph, in a
magnified view.

The extent of line variation on the line graph

(in (i.e. the scale of the value axis) was set by
the Column Width setting. However, when
configuring the text column, the Column Width
setting denoted the distance of the text from
the column as, in the example shown on the
left, a [right] horizontal alignment was
selected, and the column itself was aligned to
the right of the drillhole trace (the default
setting).

So, it is possible to achieve the same end result

using a variety of methods; for example, the
text column could have been positioned using a
[Left] alignment, and offsetting the entire
column a specified distance to the right of the
drillhole trace.

The method used to format your columns is up to you, and in most cases, a balanced
usage of settings is appropriate, to ensure that your plot is effectively presented.

Other Downhole Column Formatting Options

Depending on the style template chosen for your downhole column, some options in the
Format Display (Downhole Columns tab) may be disabled by default. This will be the
case if an option is not relevant to a particular type. For example, selecting a [Line
Graph] style will force most of the options on the Text tab to be disabled. You can
override this by selecting the Show Text check box.

Data Presentation User Guide 38

 The final procedure in this section described how to
create two separate columns, one for a line graph,
and one for a text column; however, you could also
generate a single column that includes both a line
graph and text.

The effect shown on the left was achieved by

selecting a [Line Graph] style template and
overriding the default text setting (i.e. disabled) by
selecting the Text tab, and selecting the Show Text
check box.

Once enabled, the font was reduced to 2 points, and

the column width set to 5. The Potential problem
with combined column formats such as this is that
you cannot easily control each aspect of the column independently. In the example on
the left, to increase the Column Width of the graph (i.e. to emphasize the value
differences) may not position the text in the desired position.

Experiment with some different styles and see which suits your particular presentation.

Data Presentation User Guide 39

8 USING DISPLAY LEGENDS
Hand-drawn graphs often incorporate some sort of key, to indicate what the various
symbols, colors, line styles or other design aspects relate to. This allows people viewing
the graph to see what each area represents and makes interpretation of information
more consistent across a wide target audience by keeping the initial view as simple as
possible, and more intuitive.

Display Legends act in a similar way, although instead of simply being used to interpret
what values a particular type of data represents, they are used to control how the data is
displayed. Display legends can be applied to any representation of data, and the same
legend can be applied to more than one set of values.

A Display Legend is, in simple terms, a series of display instructions. The complexity of
these instructions is completely up to you, and will depend on the type(s) of information
you need to communicate. Legends do not just apply to the Plot view; they can be
applied to Table and Log sheets as well, and can be displayed independently for each
view; just because you wish to display your results in a particular way on a downhole
strip log doesn’t mean that format is appropriate for displaying a 3D view of the
underlying data.

Legends can be constructed using:

• Values: A simple ‘value look up’ table. For example, you could define a legend
so that all individual values in a range from 1 to 10 were displayed in a unique
color, pattern or texture (1 = blue, 2 = red, 3 = green etc).
• Ranges: Ranges are defined by an upper and a lower limit, and a color, pattern
or texture assigned to values that fall in that range. If a value falls on the upper
limit on one range and the lower limit of the next, it will be displayed with the
settings of the first range. For example, if ranges of 0-1, 1-5 and 5-10 were
defined, a value of 5 would use the display settings for the 1-5 range.
• Filters: Filters are used to handle more complicated situations where simple
values or ranges are not suitable. Filters are logical statements which defined the
conditions under which a specific legend appearance applies. Complex filters can
be developed to map the variation of more than one variable.

Legends can be used to control the display of:

• Text color

• Line color, style and weight

• Fill color, pattern or texture

When data is imported a default legend is created for each field. The default legends are
stored in the document. You can also create your own legends and apply these to any
object displayed. This chapter outlines the procedures for modifying existing legends
and creating new legends.

Legend Categories

Studio 3 supports three legend categories:

Data Presentation User Guide 40

 Category Description

System These legends are necessary for the software to operate and cannot be edited or
deleted. They can, however, be copied to the other legend categories where the
copies can be edited.

User These are frequently used legends which are saved independently from the
document. This category allows you to group legends for easier selection. They
can be edited and deleted.

If a document is sent to another user any user legends will not be available to
the new user.

Project These legends are saved as part of the project. If a project is sent to another
user, its project legends are available to that user.

Legends Manger

The Legends Manager allows you to create, copy, edit and manage legends in Studio 3.
You can display the Legends Manager dialog by running the command Format |

Legends or clicking on the Edit Legends button .

The following table is a summary of the items available from this dialog.

Item Description

Available All three legend types are listed by default.

Legends

Legend List To view the legends stored in each category

expand the tree by clicking on the
symbol.

New Legend Allows you to create a new legend either

button manually or using a wizard which will guide
you step by step through the procedure.
Edit button Allows access to the legend properties
and legend items dialogs for editing
purposes. You could also select the Show
Details button to access the same
information.

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 Show Details Displays the properties of a particular
button legend and allows you to edit the various
legend items (e.g. value ranges, colors,
legend name etc).

Context Right-clicking on any item will open a menu

sensitive menus that allows you to perform a variety of
operations. Some options will be grayed
out depending on what item you have
clicked on.

Edit a Legend

The following example uses a legend representing grade ranges to illustrate how to edit
the item description and color.

1. Run the command Format | Legends or click on the Edit Legends button
to display the Legends Manager.

2. Select a legend from the legend list and expand the tree.

3. Select the first range (in this case FLOOR) and click on the Show Details>>
button.

4. The details section of the dialog contains four sections. The Legend Properties
section allows you to change the name of the legend as it appears in the legend
list.

You can also change the data type from numeric to string. In this case the gold
grades are stored as numbers and therefore the data type is numeric. In the
case of lithology the value may be a name (e.g. basalt or sandstone) and the
data type would therefore be a string.

Data Presentation User Guide 42

 5. The remaining three sections refer to each individual legend item and will change
depending on which range is selected in the left hand side of the dialog.

The Item Description section allows you to define the description of the item or
range. The description is what will appear in the legend box when added to a
plot.

If the check box next to Automatically generate description is ticked the system
will automatically generate the description. To enter your own description, un-
tick the box and type your description, as shown below.

6. The Item Type section allows you to define whether values, ranges or filters are
used.

The drops down menu next to the value and range boxes contain the following
options:

Option Description
Floor Refers to the lowest value.
Ceiling Refers to the highest value.

Absent If you have used a special value to signify when a

sample is not assayed when importing data (e.g. -1)
you should use this option.
Trace If you have used a special value to signify when a
sample has shown a trace when importing data (e.g. -9)
you should use this option.
Below If you have used a special value to signify when a
sample is below the detection limit when importing data
(e.g. -999) you should use this option.

7. The fourth section labeled Item Format allows you to edit the color, line style
and/or texture of each item.

When you select a description a drop down menu becomes available for each
item. The options available for selection will depend on which item has been
selected.

8. For example; click on the Coloured Texture next to Fill Style. When you select
the down arrow you will see the following menu:

Data Presentation User Guide 43

 Change the color and texture type by selecting from the drop down menus for Fill
Color and Texture File Name.

Create a New Legend

To create a new legend open the Legends Manager dialog (Format | Legend or )
and select the New Legend button to display the Legend Wizard dialog.

You have the option to use a field from one of the loaded files or to use explicit ranges.
For the purposes of this example an Object Field will be defined.

Next select where the legend will be saved to, either the current project file or a user
legend. If you select the user legend the legend will appear under the User Legends
folder in the Legend Manager.

You then need to enter the name of the new legend and also whether you wish to use
unique values or ranges.

Specify the number of ranges (referred to as items) in the legend followed by the type of
distribution.

In the final dialog you are able to control the type of color range to use for the legend.
You can preview the legend by clicking on the Preview Legend button.

When you click Done you can view the new legend in the Legends Manager and edit
the colors and texture using the Details section as described previously.

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9 CREATING SHEETS
In the Plots window a complete family of sections is defined by a single section
definition. Each page can contain either a single section or multiple sections. When you
import data into Studio 3 the program will automatically create a family of sections
based on the extents of the data. For example, if drilling data extends between northing
1000N and 2000N, the program will auto-range the extents of the data and create 11
east-west sections using a section width of 100m. Each section is displayed on a
separate page and all 11 pages are stored in a single sheet which can be accessed by
clicking on the relevant tab.

When creating new sheets there are a number of standard sheet layouts which can be
selected from the plot library. The resultant views are all created using the default page
size and are positioned and scaled so that the full extents of the data are displayed. The
views can then be edited and formatted as required.

You can access the Plot Item Library by running the command Insert | Sheet | Plot

| Custom or click on the Section Wizard button . The sheet layouts that are
available include:

Sheet Layout Description Edited Example

Linked Allows you to create a view
Replica containing a copy of selected
items from other sheets. For
example you can use this
feature to display all pages
from another sheet on a
single page. Linked replica
views are displayed as empty
frames on screen but data
may be viewed using File |
Print Preview. A linked
replica view cannot be edited
itself, but any changes made
to the original view will be
reflected in the replica.

3 Parallel Creates a new sheet that

Sections contains 3 section views.
Each view can be edited
separately.

Data Presentation User Guide 45

 Projection Guides you step by step
Wizard through the procedures to
create a plan, section or 3D
view. The prompts will vary
depending on what option
you select.

Vertical A new section view sheet is

Section created using the default
page size, positioned and
scaled so that the full extents
of the data are visible.

Plan A new plan view sheet is

Projection created using the default
page size, positioned and
scaled so that the full extents
of the data are visible.

Vertical Creates a new sheet that

Section & contains both a section view
Plan and a plan view.

The following example uses the section wizard to create a new sheet which displays a
family of North-South section views.

1. Run the command Insert | Sheet | Plot | Custom or click on the Section

Wizard button .

2. Select Projection Wizard from the Plot Item Library dialog and click OK.

3. Select Vertical Projection and click Next.

Data Presentation User Guide 46

 4. In the next dialog select the North-South radio button and click Next.

A new sheet named North South View is created displaying all loaded data. The next
step is to setup the section definition.

1. Click anywhere within the plot area (that is any point inside the plot frame). Click

on the View Settings button or select View Settings from the menu that
appears when you click with the right hand mouse button in the plot area. This
will display the View Settings dialog.

2. Select the Section Definition tab and click on the Apply Clipping box to access the
other options in this dialog.

3. Edit the Section Orientation, Mid-Point and Width values as required and select
Apply.

4. Run the command Section | Section Manager to display the Section Manager
dialog. This dialog contains a summary of the section definition; you can edit the
number of sections and section width to generate a family of sections. For
example:

Another way in which a family of sections can be defined is by using a section table. A
section table contains predefined section definitions. These might be in a predefined,
non-parallel pattern such as a fan or they might not have any specific relationship one to
the next. You can change the section displayed using the section navigation keys in the
usual way.

The following is an example of a section table:

Data Presentation User Guide 47

To use a section table you need to click the box next to Use Section Table in the Section
Master dialog.

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10 ADDING PLOT ITEMS AND FEATURES
A variety of plot items such as tables, text boxes, title boxes, legends, bitmaps and scale
bars can be inserted into any plot sheet. Many of the plot items have smart features
which change as other plot and document settings change. For example, a scale bar will
change automatically as the plot scale is changed.

General lines and annotation features can also be inserted. These features can either be
imported from other data sources or digitized and saved within the document. Once
imported objects may be formatted and edited in the same way as an internal feature.

Plot Item Properties

Plot items can be positioned anywhere on the page. They can be any size and can be
copied from one page to another. The following plot items can be inserted from the
menu Insert | Plot Items.

• Title box
• Text box
• Legend
• Table
• Clip art
• Symbol
• North arrow
• Scale bar
• Columns list box
• Profile

Title and legend boxes can contain both user defined text or fields supplied by Studio 3.
When editing the contents of a cell you can select a category and then choose from a
number of field options. For example if you chose the Date category there are a number
of different date formats from which you can choose.

The following categories and fields are available to define the contents of cells in title
blocks, legend boxes and also log sheets.

Category Field Set By

Data Presentation User Guide 49

 Static Blank User defined
There are a number of
Date System
different formats available.
There are a number of
Time System
different formats available.
License Details Name Program name
User ID Tools | Options command
User Name Tools | Options command
Company Tools | Options command
Scale Scale View setting
View Title View setting
Azimuth View setting
Dip View setting
Section Name Section definition
Width Section definition
Mid Point Section definition
Easting Section definition
Northing Section definition
Elevation Section definition
Azimuth Section definition
Inclination Section definition
Whatever section is currently
Number
selected
No. of Sections Section definition
Whatever section is currently
Section ? of ?
selected (i.e. Section 5 of 25)
Project Details Project Name File | Properties command
Project Code File | Properties command
Short Title File | Properties command
Long Title File | Properties command
Client File | Properties command
Hole Hole Name Whatever hole is currently selected
Hole length Traces table
Hole azimuth Traces table
Hole Inclination Traces table
Collar X, Y, Z Traces table
X Traces table
Y Traces table
Z Traces table
End of Hole X, Y, Z Traces table
X Traces table
Y Traces table

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 Z Traces table
Start Same as EOH Traces table
End Same as EOH Traces table

Inserting a plot item is a simple one step process running the command Insert | Plot
Item and selecting which plot item to insert. In some cases you will want to edit the
default settings and this is done by entering Page Layout mode (View | Page Layout
Mode) and double clicking on the plot item to format. The dialogs and prompts will vary
depending on which plot item you are formatting.

Title Box

Title boxes can be any size, with any number of rows and cells per row. They can
contain user defined text or fields supplied by Studio 3. The section and hole fields in
the title box will be automatically updated whenever you change the section definition.

Legend Box

A legend box is a special type of title block used to display the contents of a color or
pattern fill legend. Like a title block, a legend box can be completely customized by
changing its size, number and size or rows and columns, and the contents of each cell.

The size of text in each cell is automatically set by the program based on the
maximum font size set on the Properties tab. For the best results, choose the
font size that best suits the largest cell, typically the title in the first row, and
the program will auto-size the text in the other, smaller cells.

Tables

Intelligent tables can be added to plots to enhance their usefulness. You can choose
settings to make you table display only the data that is relevant to the drillholes and
features in your present plot view. As you move through the sections the data will
change accordingly.

When inserting a table you are prompted to select from a list of all tables currently
loaded into the project. You can then use the Table dialog to edit and format the
contents of the table.

• The options under the Contents tab allow you to select and format the data that is
displayed in the table.

• The Define Index tab allows you to control the order in which data is displayed.
For example you can choose to display drillhole data in descending order
according to the Hole Name. Any of the columns can be selected as an index.

• The Filters tab allows you to define a filter which will display only the data that
meets specified criteria.

• To display only the data relevant to the displayed section, select the Section and
Log Filters tab and check the Do not include records for hole off-section box.

Columns List Box

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This plot item displays a list of the data displayed downhole. The contents are
automatically updated as you add, remove or modify your dowhole columns.

When resizing the width of cells, holding down the SHIFT key will ensure that all
cells in that column will remain the same width.

Profiles

3D objects with Z coordinates

which define parameters other
than the elevation, for example
a surface model derived from
soil sampling or gravimetric
surveys can be displayed inside
a profile box. The Z coordinate
of each parameter surface is
scaled to fit the vertical axis of
the profile box. Any number of
3D objects can be displayed in
a single profile box and more
than one profile box can be
inserted on the same page. As
will all the plot items profile
boxes may be positioned
anywhere on the page.

The horizontal position in the profile box is tied vertically to the corresponding horizontal
position in the data area. The surface profile is automatically updated whenever:

• The profile box is moved or resized

• The data area is moved or resized
• The scale in the data area is changed
• The data area is panned horizontally
• The section is rotated or repositioned

Feature Properties

Annotation may be added to each view by digitizing with the mouse or importing from
another source. The visibility of these features is controlled in the same way as the
drillholes and 3D objects.

The main features that can be added are:

• Text Annotation
Use the command Insert | Plot Feature | Text Annotation.

Data Presentation User Guide 52

 • Dimension arrow
Use the command Insert | Plot Feature | Dimension
Arrow. Use the mouse to draw the arrow onto the plot. A
dimension arrow can comprise several lines as shown to the
right. To end digitizing double click on the end point.

Formatting Objects

Objects can be hidden or displayed as points, lines, faces or section intersections. They
can be displayed using a fixed color, a user defined color, pattern fill or texture legend.

To format the display of an object, run the command Format | Display to display the
Format Display dialog.

Select an object in the display list to show the current format settings. The tabs and
formatting options will change depending on what type of object you have selected. For
a full list of formatting options and how to apply them refer to your online Help.

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11 FORMATTING LOG SHEETS
Log Sheets Overview

Once a complete set of drillhole data has been loaded,

the drillholes may be viewed as scaled hole log plots in
the Logs window. Fields may be duplicated, displayed as
text or graphs. Fields from more than one table source
can be viewed in the same log view including system
fields.

Log sheets consist of header, column and footer sections,

the layout and contents of each are fully-customizable.
The default layout created by the program when a new
log view is created contains a useful selection of
information about the project and the holes defined in
the document.

Downhole data columns are scaled vertically by the

downhole depth and may describe any interval log or
depth log field or computed hole data field. The level of
information a log sheet can contain extends to a variety of mineralogical scenarios, for
example, the maximum drilling angle can be displayed, with respect to the axis of the
drillhole, in the case of your core sample having evidence of a fault or joint, or a
cumulative graph can be displayed in which the data values in two columns are added
together and presented as a pair of superimposed histograms.

Log Sheets allow you to plot multiple downhole attributes, as well as lines representing
angles for structural measurements. A single attribute can be plotted more than once,
using different display methods to emphasize different features. Columns can be set to
overlap, allowing some very useful displays to be created. Calculated values, including
grade-thickness and other composited values can also be displayed.

You can modify the default log sheet, or, you can create your own log view.

When creating a new project a hole log view is created using the default display
settings.

A wide range of formatting options are available for changing the layout and content of
log sheet header, columns and footer. Log plots may be enhanced by the addition of
smart plot items which have inbuilt intelligence and will adjust automatically to changes
in the document. Plot items available include text boxes, legend boxes, tables and clip
art images.

Almost any property of the plot sheet or view can be changed to produce plots which
meet your precise requirements including sheet size and orientation, printer margins and
plotting scale.

To view log sheets select the Logs window. If this window is not displayed run the
command View | Windows | Logs.

Data Presentation User Guide 54

All available Log Views are shown as a series of tabs along the bottom of the screen.
Note that each tab represents a particular format for displaying logs. You can cycle
through a view of the log reports for all available holes in each tab.

Select one of the named log view tabs to access a particular view, or you can create a
new view entirely.

Creating a New Log View

To create a new log view click on the Logs window and run the command Insert |
Sheet | Log.

A new Log view is created using the default page size, layout and format, and will be
used to represent hole logs for each defined hole in memory. Choose the Next and
Previous commands from the Log drop-down menu to quickly walk through and review
all the holes defined in this document.

The Log Toolbar

Right-click the menu bar and choose Customize from the resulting menu. Click the
Toolbars tab and select the Log toolbar. Click Close. The new toolbar, will appear at the
top of the application interface.

All commands on this toolbar are also available from the Log drop-down menu.

Display Modes

There are two display modes available for Log sheets:

• Normal Mode: items can be selected, and modified using the context-sensitive
dialogs, but the overall size, shape and position of plot items cannot be edited.
• Page Layout Mode: use Page Layout mode to display and edit interactively page
borders, sheet margins, plot frames, coordinate grids, plot items and parameter
profiles.

When you first enter the log, view, you are in Normal mode, and the cursor is a small
cross, used to select intervals.

To switch to Page Layout Mode you can select View | Page Layout Mode (this
command is also used to toggle back to Normal mode). Alternatively, you can click the

Page Layout Mode Icon on the far right of the Plot Items toolbar to toggle each
mode.

Using Page Layout Mode

After switching to Page Layout Mode (see above), you can select items within the plot
view and edit or move them around on the current page. The first time you activate this
mode, the entire log view is selected, and the mode can be recognized by the resize
blocks around the edge of the log as shown in the image below right.

Data Presentation User Guide 55

With the Log selected, you can use the mouse to re-size
and/or move the boundaries of the log plot. This is another
way of resizing the page boundaries on which the log will be
printed, however, it is important that your manual
adjustments do not create an output that conflicts with the
settings for your printer, or unexpected results may occur.

Whilst in Page Layout mode, you can select any of the items
comprising the log view, and resize bars will be shown around
the selected item.

When the resize cursor is displayed (see image top right), you will be able to click-and-
drag the edge of the selected component to create a new boundary shape. However, you
will need to remember that if the item that has been selected is bounded by another
component, the amount of movement possible may be restricted by the size of the
bounding component. You may need to resize components from an ‘outside-inwards’
approach if this is the case.

Setting Log View Properties

The Log View Properties dialog is a powerful tool to give you comprehensive control
over the appearance of your log plots. This dialog can be accessed by right-clicking any
part of the currently viewed log sheet and selecting Format Display. Alternatively, you
can access the log view for the currently active hole by selecting Plot Item Properties.

The Format Display command will display the same information as the Plot
Item Properties command.

Note the seven tabs along the top of the dialog. Each represents a particular area of
formatting functionality:

• Hole: this section is used to configure the hole that the current log view applies
to. You can select an existing hole definition, and define its scale, data limits and
how to handle data updates when new holes are selected.

• Hole Set: it is good practice to manage your hole data by categorizing it into
sets. These sets can relate to whichever common criterion/criteria best suits the
current project.

• Header: a log sheet is a special type of text block used to display scaled hole
logs. Like any text block in the Logs or Plots windows, it can be completely
customized by changing its size, number and size of rows and cells, and, the
contents of each cell. The cells in both the header and footer may contain fields
specific to the project, the sheet or the hole being viewed, and are automatically
updated whenever these parameters change.

• Column Titles: turn on and off, and format the Table Name and Column Name
header rows.

• Columns: define the data columns to be used to represent your log sheet, and
the style in which they are displayed. This is an important part of Log formatting,
and is discussed in more detail later in this section.

• Footer: used in a similar manner to the Header (see above) this section allows
you to apply ‘dynamic’ content to your Log view.

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 • Frame: this tab controls the overall structure of the table used to display the log
view data, such as the spacing between table cells, border style and overall size
of the table.

Hole definition

Presuming that a set of drillholes are loaded, you can use the Hole tab to select the ID of
a particular hole using the Name drop-down list. On selection of a hole ID, the length of
the hole is shown immediately to the right of the selection field.

Click Apply to update the view of the current log sheet to reflect data from the selected
hole. Remember that even though you are selecting an individual hole ID, this selection
determines the hole that is viewed when Apply is clicked – all other holes will be
displayed using the same log sheet format settings.

On the same tab you can set the Extents of data that will be displayed, the Scale of the
log sheet and how to display the next or previous hole in sequence.

Your online Help gives you more information on these settings, but as an example, if you
wished to view the log sheet for a specific hole, but only showing data relating to the
first 100 meters of the downhole length, you would do the following:

1. Select the required hole from the Current Hole drop-down list (remember, this is
the hole that will be viewed when you click the Apply button).

2. In the Extents section, select the Custom option and enter ‘0’ into the From field,
and ‘100’ into the To field.

3. Leave all other settings and click Apply.

you can either set the extents of the hole to view, or the scale of the data axis on
the log sheet, not both

The images below show the same hole represented by two similar, but different log
sheet formats. The borehole in question is 176.4 meters in length. The first image (left)
shows a log sheet representing the Entire Hole on screen, and the second shows a
Custom extents setting of 0 to 80 meters, approximately half of the available lithological
data:

Data Presentation User Guide 57

 Entire Hole Extents First 80 Meters Only

Formatting the Header and Footer

The cells in the header and footer of your log split can contain fields specific to the
project, the sheet, or the hole being viewed. These fields are automatically updated
whenever these parameters change, or you switch to another hole.

Hole Name: VB4295

Viking Bounty
Segment Start Depth: 0.00 Segment End Depth: 228.81

In the example header shown above, there are three rows, with one cell in the first row
and two cells in each of the second and third rows. The second cell in the second row is
empty. In the following exercise, you will put your name in that cell, and change the font
for all the cells:

1. If it is not already displayed, open the Log View Properties dialog (one method
of doing this is to right-click anywhere on the current log sheet view and select
the Plot Item Properties… option).

2. Click the Header tab. Using the Row and Cell sections of this tab, you can specify
what information to place in each cell of the header. Specify ‘2’ for both Row and
Cell.

3. Click Contents on the right side of the tab. This opens another dialog listing all
the Categories and associated Fields for each category. Choose [User] from the
Category list and [User Name] from the Field list. Also, select Include label check

Data Presentation User Guide 58

 box. This will include the Field name as well as the value in the selected cell. Click
OK.

4. Click Format. Clear the Use default font check box, click Modify and set the font
to [Arial], [Regular], [12 point]. Click OK.

5. Make the same format change to cell 1 in row 2 and cells 1 and 2 in row 3.

6. Select Row 1 and Cell 1. Click Format. Set the font for this cell to [Arial Black],
[Regular], [12 point]. Click OK three times to close all the dialog boxes. The
Header should now look as shown below (with the exception of the description
‘Your Name’ being replaced with your current login name).

Hole Name: VB4295

Viking Bounty User Name: [Your Name]
Segment Start Depth: 0.00 Segment End Depth: 228.81

7. Open the Log View Properties dialog again. This time, click the Footer tab.
Specify 1 row and 3 Cells. Click the Contents button. Choose [User>Company].
Make sure the Include label check box is clear. Click OK.

8. Use the Format button to change the text for all the Footer cells to 10 point.
Close the Log View Properties dialog.

The Log View Properties dialog can also be used to insert and
delete rows and cells from the Header and Footer. The Header and
Footer buttons, on the Log toolbar (shown right) can be used to
open the Log View Properties dialog with these tabs active.
Formatting Log Columns

The Logs window support a wide variety of formatting functions, and the following
sections describe how to add and remove columns, define how downhole geology is to be
displayed, format lithology and structural information columns, mineralization and
alteration columns and downhole assay values.

You may notice as you progress through this section the similarities between formatting
log sheet columns and downhole columns on plot views (as described in the previous
Chapter). Studio 3 has been designed in this way to maximize your familiarity with
formatting commands, and as such, mastering the formatting of one particular view type
will aid you considerably when exploring other data presentation formats.

The following procedures are generic, i.e. they describe the recommended process for
following on common log-related tasks. For more specific information and tutorials, you
should look at your online Help, and in particular, the ‘Step by Step’ procedures, or
access the context help for the Log Formatting screens, accessed in the procedures that
follow.

Adding and Removing Columns

The general procedure for adding or removing log sheet columns is as follows:

1. Ensure the Log View Properties dialog is open. If it is not, open it by selecting
Format | Display.

Data Presentation User Guide 59

 2. Click the Columns tab. Select the Description column in the list. All new columns
will be added immediately below this selected column.

3. Click the Add button beside the Columns In View list. Complete the Column
Wizard using the instructions listed below:

• On the first screen, select the Data Column option and click Next.
• On the next screen, select the object or table that represents the data you
wish to display in the new log sheet column and click Next
• On the next screen, select the field(s) from the selected object that
contains the values you wish to use as a basis for the log column. Click
Next.
• If you have selected more than one field on the previous column, the next
screen gives you options on how to create a composite value based on
your selections. Set your compositing options and click Next.
• On the following screen, select the basic style to be used to display the
specified data. Click End.
4. At this stage, the Column Wizard is closed and your new column is added to the
Columns in View field in the Log View Properties dialog. The position of your
new column in this list indicates where it will be displayed (from left to right) on
the resulting log sheet. After you have added the new fields, click Apply. The
new fields are added to the strip log.

Formatting Logs vs. Downhole Columns

The procedure for editing a Log Sheet column is

exactly the same as for a downhole column in
the Plot View; the same tabs are available and
they both have the same effect on the resulting
data. The main difference between the two is
that Log Sheet formatting is applied in a tabular
arrangement and downhole column formatting is
applied, generally, in relation to the position of a
particular set of drillholes.

The image on the left shows a lithology bar

added along the axis of a drillhole in the Plot
view, and the image on the left right shows a
representation of the same drillhole, colored
using the same legend, in a Log Sheet column.
The similarities are obvious, and the method and
settings required to display them is identical;
select Format | Display and select the Columns
tab.

Note that the settings for each are independent.

Adding and Formatting a Depth Axis Column

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It is often required to display your log sheet data alongside some form of
downhole depth indicator. One way of adding a feature of this type to your sheet is
as follows:

1. With a log sheet in view, make sure you are in a Page Layout format.
Right-click the sheet and select Plot Item Properties.

2. Click Add.

3. On the first screen of the Add Column wizard, select [Axis Column] from
the Column Type list. Click Next.

4. On the following screen, select [Depth At] in the Field box and choose End.

5. Choose the Style Templates tab and select [Ticks with annotation].

6. Choose the Width/Margins tab and set the Column Width to the width you
would like for your axis bar, in millimeters. Set the Left Margin Width to
increase or decrease the space before the vertical bar.

7. Choose the Text tab and set the number of Decimal Places you wish to
display.

8. Choose the Alignment tab, and either select the defaults, or clear the Use default
alignment check box, and apply your custom alignment settings.

9. Choose Apply and view the log sheet.

10. Click the Style Templates tab. A bar is selected. Click the Graph/Color sub-tab. You
can now elect to display your bar using a solid color, or to Color it using a legend.
For more information on legends, see the following Chapter – ‘Legends’.

11. Click Apply, and then Close the Log Properties dialog.

Formatting Existing Text in Log Columns

The following procedures should be used if you wish to modify the way columns are
formatted, make duplicates or overlap columns to create a more effective display.

1. Open the Log View Properties dialog and click the Columns tab. Select the
column you wish to format from the Columns in View list on the left, and click the
Text tab on the right.

2. On this tab, set the Font Size manually (i.e. override the default settings) by
clearing the Use Defaults button and setting the Font Size manually, in points.

3. Click Apply to update the selected column. Text in other columns will be
unaffected, allowing you to have a mixture of font sizes and styles in the same
log sheet.

4. After adjusting your text size, if the current column dimensions need adjustment
to ensure your text is now readable, click the Width/Margins tab and set the
Column Width as your text requires. Click Apply to see your changes in the log
view.

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Formatting Structural Information Columns

If you have data columns representing structural angle information, and wish to display
this information on your log sheet (see the image on the left for an example), you will
need to add a log column to your sheet (if one does not already exist) using the Column
Wizard.

Adding a New Angle Column

1. If it is not already in view, open the Log View Properties dialog.

2. Click the Style Templates tab and click Add.

3. Select Data Column from the options on the first screen and click Next.

4. On the following screen, select the table (i.e. the object) containing the structural
information column and click Next.

5. On the following screen, select the data column containing the angle data you
wish to represent in the new column and click Next.

6. On the Style Template screen, select the final entry in the list – [Angles] and click
End.

7. Back in the Log View Properties dialog, you can now format your Angle column
using the sub-tabs available. Many options are available for the control of your
new column, but in the case of Angle data, you may wish to set up the Alignment
and Width/Margins to see which values best display your structural data.

8. Click Apply to see your changes.

Easier Viewing of Angle Columns

It can be easier to see the relationship between the various angles if a vertical line is
added to the plot that bisects the angle lines. The procedure below describes a quick way
of doing this.

If you wished to add another angle column to your Log Sheet:

1. If it is not already in view, open the Log View Properties dialog.

2. Select the Angle field you wish to duplicate

3. Click Copy. A second Angle field is added to the plot, at the bottom of the
list.

4. Select the new Angle field and use the Up button to move it to immediately
below the first Angle field.

5. Click the Style Templates tab and select [Trace]. Click Yes to the Format
Reset prompt.

6. Click the Trace tab, and select Fixed color, which defaults to black.

7. Click the Width/Margins tab and select the Overlap previous column check
box. By choosing to overlap the previous column, the two Angle fields will

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 appear in the same space. This places the vertical trace line down the centre of
the column, bisecting the angle lines.

8. Click Apply. You should now be able to see a vertical line extending down
through the first angle column.

Formatting Existing Log Values As Graphs

Using the Filled Histogram Format

The graph formatting options provide a clear way of representing various

mineralogical aspects of your downhole assets. One of the more likely uses of
such a facility is the representation of mineral grade values for each downhole
position.

Applying a graph format is very similar to applying any log sheet formatting
option, although graph-specific options exist to compliment the current range of
standard controls:

1. If it is not already in view, open the Log View Properties dialog.

2. Select the column you wish to portray in Graph format.

3. Click the Style Templates tab on the right hand side. If the selected
column is not already using the [Filled Histogram] style, select it from the
list of templates.

4. Click the Graph/Color tab. You can choose whether to have a fixed color
graph, with values represented by bar heights only, or you can use the
Color using legend option, which should be selected if you wish to color
each bar of the graph according to legend values. Note that you will need
to select a legend that is relevant to the data column in use (for more
information on legends, see the following Chapter – “Using Legends”).

5. If mineral grade values for the drill holes in the current section are low
you may need to modify the range of the data and widen the column to make the
histograms more visible. To do this;

6. On the Graph/Color tab, try changing the settings in the Maximum value field and
see how it affects the exaggeration of the histogram bars. The value selected will
depend on the scale you require, and the values in the associated data column.

7. Click Apply to update the current view, and Close when you are happy with the
view.

Comparing Related Deposit Values Using Histograms

Certain minerals, such as Lead and Zinc are frequently related in ore deposits. To more
easily see the relationship between these two elements, you can use neighboring
columns filled with histogram cells. In the following example, a histogram representing
lead values is set up to be right-justified, while a histogram representing zinc values is
set up to be left-justified.

1. Open the Log View Properties dialog. Click the Columns tab. Select the Zn field
in the Columns in View list and use the Up or Down buttons to move the two
mineral grade columns so they are next to each other in the list.

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 2. Click the Style Templates tab and set the style to [Filled Histogram], with the
required formatting options, as described in the previous procedure.

3. Click the Graph/Color tab and set the range to a value sympathetic to both grade
values (e.g. you may wish to ensure that both minimum and maximum values for
both columns are encompassed.

4. Click on the Axes tab and select the Top, Bottom and Vertical
Lines check boxes. Clear the Axes Label Interval check box and
set the interval to a level commensurate with the range set in the
previous step.

5. Click the Width/Margins tab and select the Overlap previous

column check box.

6. Click the Alignment tab, clear the Use default alignment box and
choose Left for the Horizontal alignment. Click Apply.

7. Click Apply. Your Zn field will now be shown in the log sheet as a
series of filled histograms, left-aligned.

8. Select the Pb column from the Columns in View list. Format it as a

[Filled Histogram] as shown in the previous exercise.

9. Click the Alignment tab, clear the Use default alignment box and
choose Right for the Horizontal alignment. Click Apply.

A host of other formatting options are available, and the permutations arising from these
choices are almost endless. For more examples of using these functions, refer to your
online Help. In particular, the ‘Step by Step’ tutorials are a useful source of information
regarding formatting of log columns.

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Appendix A: HINTS, COMMON QUESTIONS & ISSUES
I can't see any data in my section view…

Check that the scale is not locked. Uncheck the View | Scale | Lock command. Then
use the View | Scale | Fit All data Command. Then check that no clipping is applied
using the Section | Apply Clipping command.

Can I add my own textured bitmaps to log and section views?

Yes. Create a bitmap of the texture and add it into the Legends directory. By putting it
into this directory it will appear in the list of textures shown in the Fill Patterns drop
down box when using the Format | Legends command.

How can I increase the size of the color boxes in the legends? Every time I have
to resize all the boxes individually and it is hard to make them the same size.

Hold the <SHIFT> key down when resizing a legend color box. All boxes will be sized.

What is the best way to line up legend boxes and title boxes etc.?

Make sure you are in Page Layout mode. View | Page Layout Mode command. Double
click on the plot item to bring up the properties dialog for that plot item. Enter the
required size in mm in the size entry box. Drag the plot item with the mouse to the
required location. Use the arrow keys to line up the plot items exactly.

I have added a bitmap to my plot but when the bitmap changes the plot does
not change…

To make it easy to pass documents around to other people in your company bitmap plot
items are contained within the document. If you change the bitmap you will need to
recreate your bitmap plot item.

The colors I want to use are not in the legend color palette…

You can make your own palette of colors by creating either solid color or colored pattern
bitmaps and adding these to the Legends directory. The bitmaps need only be 16x16
pixel (or smaller) which can be created in any graphics program like Microsoft Paint. Use
the color editing features in your graphics program to mix the precise color shades
required. Use a common prefix e.g. a-magenta.bmp so that your bitmaps are all grouped
together and easily located. When applying a color to the legend item, choose the
Colored Texture option and select a custom color bitmap or pattern.

When formatting log columns, checking the offset position to prevent overlaps option on
the Alignment tab has no effect.

Choose the Text tab, in the Style box select the Word wrap option and choose Apply.

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 8585 Cote-de-Liesse

Saint-Laurent, Quebec

H4T 1G8

Canada

Tel: +1 514 341 2000 ext2404

www.cae.com/mining

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