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Important Notes of 10th Class Math Exercise 3.1

The document provides examples of expressing ratios as fractions in their simplest form, solving proportions, and finding ratios between quantities. It contains 10 problems involving ratios and proportions, with step-by-step solutions shown. The problems include expressing ratios as fractions, finding missing quantities in proportions, relating costs based on given ratios, and determining values that satisfy given proportional relationships. Overall, the document demonstrates various techniques for working with ratios and proportions.

Uploaded by

Tayyabah Shah
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4K views10 pages

Important Notes of 10th Class Math Exercise 3.1

The document provides examples of expressing ratios as fractions in their simplest form, solving proportions, and finding ratios between quantities. It contains 10 problems involving ratios and proportions, with step-by-step solutions shown. The problems include expressing ratios as fractions, finding missing quantities in proportions, relating costs based on given ratios, and determining values that satisfy given proportional relationships. Overall, the document demonstrates various techniques for working with ratios and proportions.

Uploaded by

Tayyabah Shah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no.

52-53
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.1

1. Express the following as a ratio :  and as a fraction in its simplest form.

(i).   ,  

Solution:

   750 0  1250


 
750: 1250 = = = 3: 5 (Divided by 25)
 

(ii). ! "#, $#

Solution:

  450&'  3'

(&) 1' = 100&'

ℎ)+)+), 3' = ,3-,100-&' = 300&'

450 3
450: 300 = = = 3: 2
300 2
(iii). !./, 0/  /#

Solution:

(&) 112 = 10002'

ℎ)(, 412 = ,4-,1000-2' = 40002'

(3, 212 7502' = ,2-,1000-2' + 7502' = 27502'

+  40002'  27502'

4000 16
4000: 2750 = = = 16: 11
2750 11
(iv). 27min. 30sec, 1 hour

Solution:

6(&) 1'(. = 60)&

ℎ)(, 27'(. 30)& = ,27-,60-)& + 30)& = 1620)& + 30)& = 1650)&

1 ℎ8+ = ,60-,60-)& = 3600)&

Composed by: Maryam Jabeen Page 1


MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 52-53
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.1

+  27'(. 30)& 1 ℎ8+

1650 11
1650: 3600 = = = 11: 24
3600 24

(v).  , 

Solution:

  75  225

75 1
75: 225 = = = 1: 3
225 3
1. In a class of 60 students, 25 students are girls and remaining students are boys.
Compute the ratio of

(i). boys to total students

Solution:

(.  9: = ; 83)( − (  2+;

(.  9: = 60 − 25 = 35 9:

  9:  ; 83)(

=:: >; 83)(

35: 60

7: 12

(ii). Boys to girls

Solution:

=: ∶ @+;

35: 25

7: 5

2. If $,!A − B- = A − B , find the ratio A: B.

Solution:

3,4C − 5:- = 2C − 7:

Composed by: Maryam Jabeen Page 2


MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 52-53
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.1

12C − 15: = 2C − 7:

12C − 2C = −7: + 15:

10C = 8:

C 8
=
: 10

C 4
=
: 5

C: : = 4: 5

3. Find the value ofE, if the ratio E + : $E + ! and $: ! are equal.

Solution:

2F + 5: 3F + 4 = 3: 4

In fraction form,

2F + 5 3
=
3F + 4 4

4,2F + 5- = 3,3F + 4-

8F + 20 = 9F + 12

8F − 9F = 12 − 20

−F = −8

F=8

4. If the ratio $A + : H + !A and :  are equal. Find the value of A.

Solution:

3C + 1: 6 + 4C = 2: 5

In fraction form,

,3C + 1- 2
=
6 + 4C 5

5,3C + 1- = 2,6 + 4C-

Composed by: Maryam Jabeen Page 3


MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 52-53
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.1

15C + 5 = 12 + 8C

15C − 8C = 12 − 5

7C = 7

7
C=
7
C=1

5. Two numbers are in the ratio: I. If 9 are added to each number, we get a new
ratioI: . Find the number.

Solution:

(&) (8'9)+ +) ( ℎ) + 5: 8, ;) 5C (3 8C 9) ℎ) J (8'9)+.

According to the given condition,

5C + 9 8
=
8C + 9 11

11,5C + 9- = 8,8C = 9-

55C + 99 = 64C + 72

55C − 64C = 72 − 99

−9C = −27

27
C=−
−9
C=3

K8'9)+ +) 5C = 5,3- = 15

(3, 8C = 8,3- = 24

6. If 10 are added in each number of the ratio!: $, we get a new ratio : . What are the
numbers?

Solution:

(&) ℎ) (8'9)+ +) ( ℎ) + 4: 13, ;) ℎ) (8'9)+ +) 4C (3 13C.

According to given condition,

Composed by: Maryam Jabeen Page 4


MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 52-53
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.1

4C + 10 1
=
13C + 10 2
2,4C + 10- = 1,13C + 10-

8C + 20 = 13C + 10

8C − 13C = 10 − 20

−5C = −10

10
C=−
−5
C=2

6, ℎ) (8'9)+ +) 4C = 4,2- = 8

(3, 13C = 13,2- = 26

7. Find the cost of 8kg mangoes, if 5kg of mangoes cost Rs.250.

Solution:

;) ℎ) & 812  '(2 9) C.

Then in proportion form,

812: 512 ∷ . C ∶ . 250

, M+38&  )C+)') = M+38&  ')(

,8-,250- = ,5-,C-

2000 = 5C

2000
=C
5
400 = C

C = 400

. ). ℎ) &  812 '(2)  . 400

8. If:  = : H, find the values of$ + :  − .

Solution:

Composed by: Maryam Jabeen Page 5


MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 52-53
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.1

N 
Given, =
O P

NQO
Now, 3 + 59: 79 − 5 =
ORN

 9
3 + 59 3 S9 T + 5 S9T
=
79 − 5 7 S9 T − 5 ST
9 9

3 + 59 3 S9 T + 5
=
79 − 5 7 − 5 ST
9
7
3 + 59 3 S6T + 5
=
79 − 5 7 − 5 S7T
6
21
3 + 59 S 6 T + 5
=
79 − 5 7 − S35T
6
21 + 30
3 + 59 S 6 T
=
79 − 5 S42 − 35T
6
51
3 + 59 S 6 T
=
79 − 5 7
S6T

3 + 59 51 6
= , -, -
79 − 5 6 7
3 + 59 51
=
79 − 5 7
3 + 59: 79 − 5 = 51: 7

9. Complete the following:


! H
(i). If = A , UVWX !A = ______


Solution:

Composed by: Maryam Jabeen Page 6


MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 52-53
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.1

24 6
=
7 C
,6-,4- 6
=
7 C
,6-,7-
4C =
6
4C = 7
 
(ii). If $A = B
, UVWX B = _____

Solution:

5 159
=
3C :

,159-,3C-
: =
5
: = ,39-,3C-

: = 99C
ZE[ IE
(iii). If .# = #
, UVWX [ = _______

Solution:

9F\ 18F
=
2;' 5'
,18F-,2;'-
5\ =
,9F-,'-

5\ = ,2-,2;-

5\ = 4;

10. Find A in following proportions.

(i). $A − : ! ∷ A + $: 

Solution:

3C − 2: 4 ∷ 2C + 3: 7

Composed by: Maryam Jabeen Page 7


MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 52-53
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.1

M+38&  )C+)') = F+38&  )C+)')

,3C − 2-,7- = ,4-,2C + 3-

21C − 14 = 8C + 12

21C − 8C = 12 + 14

13C = 26

26
C=
13
C=2
$AR $ A 
(ii). 
: ∷ $
:

Solution:

3C − 1 3 2C 7
: ∷ :
7 5 3 5
M+38&  )C+)') = F+38&  )C+)')

3C − 1 7 3 2C
] ^] ^ = ] ^] ^
7 5 5 3
3C − 1 2C
=
5 5
2C
3C − 1 = ] ^ ,5-
5

3C − 1 = 2C

3C − 2C = 1

C=1
AR$  ,AR - !
(iii).
: AR ∷ $
: AQ!

Solution:

C−3 5 ,C − 1- 4
: ∷ :
2 C−1 3 C+4

M+38&  )C+)') = F+38&  )C+)')

Composed by: Maryam Jabeen Page 8


MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 52-53
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.1

C−3 4 5 C−1
] ^] ^=] ^] ^
2 C+4 C−1 3
2,C − 3- 5
] ^=
C+4 3
,2-,3-,C − 3- = 5,C + 4-

6,C − 3- = 5C + 20

6C − 18 = 5C + 20

6C − 5C = 20 + 18

C = 38

E$ R[$
(iv). E + E[ + [ : A ∷ : ,E − [-
EQ[

Solution:

F − \ 
F + F\ + \ : C ∷
 
: ,F − \-
F+\

M+38&  )C+)') = F+38&  )C+)')

F − \ 
,F + F\ + \  -,F − \- = ,C- _ `
F+\

,F − \-,F + F\ + \  -
,F + F\ + \  -,F − \-,F − \- = ,C-
F+\

,F − \-,F + F\ + \  -
,F − \-,F + \- = ,C-
,F − \-,F + F\ + \  -

,F − \  - = C

C = ,F − \  -

(v). I − A: − A ∷ H − A:  − A

Solution:

8 − C: 11 − C ∷ 16 − C: 25 − C

M+38&  )C+)') = F+38&  )C+)')

Composed by: Maryam Jabeen Page 9


MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 52-53
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.1

,8 − C-,25 − C- = ,11 − C-,16 − C-

200 − 8C − 25C + C  = 176 − 11C − 16C + C 

200 − 33C + C  = C  + 176 − 27C

200 − 33C + C  − C  − 176 + 27C = 0

24 − 6C = 0

6C = 24

24
C=
6
C=4

Composed by: Maryam Jabeen Page 10

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