Problem 2.

23 [Difficulty: 3]

Given: Velocity field

Find: Plot of pathline of particle for t = 0 to 1.5 s that was at point (1,1) at t = 0; compare to streamlines through same
point at the instants t = 0, 1 and 1.5 s

Solution:
dx dy v dy
Governing equations: For pathlines up = vp = For streamlines =
dt dt u dx

Assumption: 2D flow

dx 1 1 dy 1 1
Hence for pathlines up = = a⋅ x a = vp = = b⋅ y⋅ t b =
dt 5 s dt 25 2
s

dx dy
So, separating variables = a⋅ dt dy = b ⋅ y ⋅ t⋅ dt = b ⋅ t⋅ dt
x y

ln⎛⎜ ⎞ = a⋅ t ln⎛⎜ ⎞ = b ⋅ 1 ⋅ t2
x y
Integrating x0 = 1 m y0 = 1 m
⎝ ⎠
x0
⎝ y0 ⎠ 2

1 2
⋅ b⋅ t
a⋅ t 2
Hence x ( t) = x 0⋅ e y ( t) = y 0⋅ e

2
t t
5 50
Using given data x ( t) = e y ( t) = e

v dy b⋅ y⋅ t
For streamlines = =
u dx a⋅ x

dy b⋅ t
So, separating variables = ⋅ dx which we can integrate for any given t (t is treated as a constant)
y a⋅ x

ln⎛⎜ ⎞ = b ⋅ t⋅ ln⎛ x ⎞
y
Hence ⎜x
⎝ y0 ⎠ a ⎝ 0⎠
b
⋅t
a b
y = y 0 ⋅ ⎛⎜ ⎞
x = 0.2 x0 = 1 y0 = 1
The solution is a
⎝ x0 ⎠
 b
⋅t
a
y = y 0 ⋅ ⎛⎜ ⎞
x
For t = 0 = 1
⎝ x0 ⎠

b
⋅t
a
y = y 0 ⋅ ⎛⎜ ⎞
x b
t = 5 = x ⋅t = 1
⎝ 0⎠
x a

b
⋅t
a
y = y 0 ⋅ ⎛⎜ ⎞
x 2 b
t = 10 = x ⋅t = 2
⎝ 0⎠
x a

Streamline and Pathline Plots

6
y (m)

2 Streamline (t=0)
Streamline (t=1)
Streamline (t=1.5)
Pathline

0 2 4 6 8 10

x (m)