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    Simple Aid For Teaching The Theory Atomic Structure: Hung-Cheh Chiang and Ching-Hwei Tseng

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    jose_dino10005190
    This document describes a simple teaching aid to help students learn atomic structure theory. The aid uses a game board depicting electron energy levels and nails to represent electron positions. Index cards provide principal quantum number information. Pieces of colored rubber tubing represent electrons and are hung on nails according to rules like Hund's rule and the Pauli exclusion principle. The document gives materials, setup instructions, and rules to use the game to demonstrate electron configurations like 24Cr. The game provides a hands-on way for students to visualize concepts like sublevels, quantum numbers, and how electrons fill energy levels.

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    Simple Aid For Teaching The Theory Atomic Structure: Hung-Cheh Chiang and Ching-Hwei Tseng

    Uploaded by

    jose_dino10005190
    39 views1 page
    This document describes a simple teaching aid to help students learn atomic structure theory. The aid uses a game board depicting electron energy levels and nails to represent electron positions. Index cards provide principal quantum number information. Pieces of colored rubber tubing represent electrons and are hung on nails according to rules like Hund's rule and the Pauli exclusion principle. The document gives materials, setup instructions, and rules to use the game to demonstrate electron configurations like 24Cr. The game provides a hands-on way for students to visualize concepts like sublevels, quantum numbers, and how electrons fill energy levels.

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    átomos

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    Artículo Átomos

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    This document describes a simple teaching aid to help students learn atomic structure theory. The aid uses a game board depicting electron energy levels and nails to represent electron positions. Index cards provide principal quantum number information. Pieces of colored rubber tubing represent electrons and are hung on nails according to rules like Hund's rule and the Pauli exclusion principle. The document gives materials, setup instructions, and rules to use the game to demonstrate electron configurations like 24Cr. The game provides a hands-on way for students to visualize concepts like sublevels, quantum numbers, and how electrons fill energy levels.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    39 views1 page

    Simple Aid For Teaching The Theory Atomic Structure: Hung-Cheh Chiang and Ching-Hwei Tseng

    Uploaded by

    jose_dino10005190
    This document describes a simple teaching aid to help students learn atomic structure theory. The aid uses a game board depicting electron energy levels and nails to represent electron positions. Index cards provide principal quantum number information. Pieces of colored rubber tubing represent electrons and are hung on nails according to rules like Hund's rule and the Pauli exclusion principle. The document gives materials, setup instructions, and rules to use the game to demonstrate electron configurations like 24Cr. The game provides a hands-on way for students to visualize concepts like sublevels, quantum numbers, and how electrons fill energy levels.

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    A Simple Aid for Teaching the Theory

    of Atomic Structure
    Hung-cheh Chiang and Ching-Hwei Tseng
    Institute of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University
    No. 88 Sec. 5, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China

    In the course of both high school and undergraduate college Example: 24Cr
    chemistry, students are often puzzled by the theory of atomic The student would choose the fourth card, because 24 is
    structure. In order to help them learn this more easily, we have smaller than the 36 required by the fifth card. There are 18
    designed a simple demonstration to show the Pauli exclusion electrons on the fourth card, thus the remaining six electrons
    principle, Hund's rule, quantum numbers, electronic energy of Cr will distribute themselves in the fourth energy level ac-
    levels, and electron configurations. The exercise involves cording to the rules. Rule one
    hanging valence electrons (represented by pieces of rubber)
    onto a game hoard which depicts the energy sequence of a ns < (n - 2)f < (n - l)d < np
    given atom. translates to
    <
    4s < 2f 3d < 4p
    Materials
    Because 2f does not exist, the six electrons would be dis-
    1 wooden plate (60 cm X 40 cm X 1cm) tributed into the lowest available levels; two being placed in
    33 iron nails (1.5cm in length) the 4s level and the remaining four into the 3d level.
    2 rubber tubes of different colors (16 cm X 1em), cut these into
    1-cm pieces, yielding 16 pieces of each color Thus, the configuration of 2aCr is shown to be (Ar)4s23d4
    I blank index cards (see Fig. 3). With this the instructor can speak to the special
    stability of a half-filled sublevel and can show the students
    Set-Up that, with 3d sublevels close to those of the 4s sublevel, the
    The game board, or orbital plate, is cut from a piece of wood. effect is large enough to allow "promotion" of a 4s electron to
    I t is labeled as indicated in Figure 1, where n is the principal the 3d sublevel, giving Cr five 3d electrons. Thus, the accepted
    quantum number, s, p, d , and f are the suborbits, and the configuration of 24Cr should he shown to be (Ar)4s'3d5.
    number in parentheses after the suborbital designation in-
    dicates the angular momentum quantum number. The spin
    quantum number will be designated by using differently
    colored pieces of rubber tubing which should be cut as de-
    scribed above.
    Hammer the nails (which will be used as holders for elec-
    trons) into position as noted. Each suborhit should have the .....
    number of electron nails that corresponds to the maximum
    number of electrons that can be held in that suhorbit.
    Seven index cards should be labeled as shown in Figure 2.
    ..... .. ---dm plot.
    These n-value cards will provide the players with standard
    information about the principal quantum numbers. Figure 1. Construction of the game board.

    The Rules
    Remember that the goal of this exercise is to fill out the
    game hoard with cards and pieces of tubing so that it provides
    a visual representation of the electron configuration within
    the atom. Total the number of electrons within the given atom
    Figure 2. The seven index cards representing the principal quantum num
    and compare to the electron totals on the n-value cards. The
    n-value card with a total that is either less than or equal to the
    number of electrons in the atom of interest is then chosen and
    hung onto the upper left nail.
    If the number of electrons is equal to the n-value card, you
    are done. If i t is not, determine how many more electrons are
    present. Take that number of pieces of cut rubber tubing and
    hane them. as re~resentativesof valence electrons. on the nails
    accirding to the following energy sequence. US; differently
    colored nieces of tuhine to renresent electrons with opposite
    spin. he energy sequence ofthe sublevels with the &me n -
    value is: NOTE: Tho o
    rqremts ~ I K ~ I
    ns < (n - 2)f < (n - l)d < np of r u m r tubing
    if n < 6, then (n - 2)f is absent
    if n < 4, both (n - l)d and (n - 2)f are absent Figure 3. The completed g m e board for &r.

    216 Journal of Chemical Education

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