Where I come from

ESE 568: Mixed Signal Design and

!  Analog VLSI Circuit Design (analog design)
Modeling
!  Convex Optimization (system design)
"  System Hierarchical Optimization
Lec 1: August 29, 2018
!  Biomedical Electronics
Introduction and Overview
!  Biometric Data Acquisition (signal processing)
"  Compressive Sampling
!  ADC Design (mixed signal)
!  Low Energy Circuits (digital design)
"  Adiabatic Charging

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Minimally Invasive Implant to Combat

Where I come from Healthcare Noncompliance
!  Analog VLSI Circuit Design (analog design) < 5mm

!  Convex Optimization (system design)

IC < 2mm
"  System Hierarchical Optimization
Bio-friendly
package
!  Biomedical Electronics Ultra-
Bare
die
capacitor
!  Biometric Data Acquisition (signal processing)
!  Model for implants: reconfigurable RFID tags that
"  Compressive Sampling continuously record specific biometric
!  ADC Design (mixed signal) "  During the read operation, energy storage element is recharged

!  Low Energy Circuits (digital design) !  Size of package small enough to allow injection
"  Adiabatic Charging !  Actigraphy expected to be clinically useful
"  Platform allows for any sensor that gathers information on a slow
!  CIRCUITS, CIRCUITS, CIRCUITS time scale

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MicroImplant: An Electronic Platform for

Minimally Invasive Sensory Monitors Getting to Know You
!  Cadence?
!  ESE 419/572?
!  Circuit knowledge

!  Diagnostic Survey/Quiz in Canvas

"  Due Friday, not graded

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 Lecture Outline Course Topics Overview
!  Course Topics Overview !  Ideal Sampling and Quantization
!  Course Structure !  Static and Spectral Performance Metrics
!  Sampling Circuits
!  Course Policies
!  Switched Capacitor Circuits
!  Course Content !  Comparators, DACs
!  Mixed Signal Systems !  SAR ADCs
!  Course Objectives !  Flash ADCs
!  Pipeline ADCs
!  Time Interleaving, Oversampling
!  Other Converter Topologies
!  Industry Trends
!  F(igure)O(f)M(erit)
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Course Topics Overview Course Structure

!  In other words… !  MW Lecture, 4:30-6:00pm in Towne 309
"  Start 5 minutes after, end 5 minutes early (~80min)
!  Website (http://www.seas.upenn.edu/~ese568/)
!  ADCs, ADCs, ADCs "  Course calendar is used for all handouts (lectures slides,
assignments, and readings)
"  Canvas used for assignment submission and grades
!  Analysis, Design, and Testing
"  Piazza used for announcements and discussions

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Course Structure Course Structure

!  MW Lecture, 4:30-6:00pm in Towne 309 !  Course Staff (complete info on course website)
"  Start 5 minutes after, end 5 minutes early (~80min) !  Instructor: Tania Khanna
!  Website (http://www.seas.upenn.edu/~ese568/) "  Office hours – Wednesday 1-3:00 pm or by appointment
"  Course calendar is used for all handouts (lectures slides, "  Email: [email protected]
assignments, and readings) "  Best way to reach me
"  Canvas used for assignment submission and grades !  TAs: Jiahe Chen and Mohamad Idjadi
"  Piazza used for announcements and discussions "  Office Hours – TBD
!  Piazza for questions

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 Course Structure Course Structure
!  Lectures !  Cadence
"  Statistically speaking, you will do better if you come to "  Schematic simulation (SPECTRE simulator)
lecture "  Design, analysis and test
"  Better if interactive, everyone engaged "  No Layout
"  Review/Q&A Lectures "  Will get started with it in HW 2
!  Textbook
"  Analog Integrated Circuit Design, Carusone, Johns, and
Martin, 2nd edition
"  Great reference text with lots of detail
"  Additional Reference:
"  Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, Behzad Razavi, 1st
edition

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Course Structure - Assignments/Exams Course Structure - Assignments/Exams

!  Diagnostic Survey/Quiz in Canvas !  Diagnostic Survey/Quiz
"  Complete by Friday this week, already out "  Complete by Friday this week, already out
!  Homework – 1 week long (7 total) [35%] !  Homework – 1 week long (5 total) [30%]
"  Due Sundays at midnight "  Due Thursdays at midnight
"  No late assignments, no grace period "  No late assignments
!  Midterm exam [25%] !  Midterm exam [30%]
!  2 Projects – 3 weeks long [40%] !  2 Projects – 2-3 weeks long [40%]
"  Design oriented "  Design oriented
"  Do well on the projects # Do well in the class
!  See web page for full schedule details

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Course Policies Course Content

See web page for full details !  Analog IC basics review [3 weeks]
!  Turn homework in Canvas !  Data converter basics [1 week]
"  Anything handwritten/drawn must be clearly legible !  Switched Capacitor Circuits [2 weeks]
"  Submit CAD generated figures, graphs, results when !  Data converter architectures [5 weeks]
specified
"  NO LATE HOMEWORKS!
!  Frequency synthesis [1 week]
!  Individual work (except projects) !  Data converter testing/layout [2 weeks]
"  CAD drawings, simulations, analysis, writeups
"  May discuss strategies, but acknowledge help

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 Course Content Course Content
!  Analog IC basics review [3 weeks] !  Data converter basics [1 week]
"  Microelectronics review !  Signal abstraction level

"  MOS models "  Reconstruction and Quantization

"  CMOS subcircuits "  Going from analog to digital and vice versa
"  Opamp design "  Static and Spectral Perf. Metrics
"  VTC
"  Noise models
"  INL/DNL
"  HW CAD Project: Design opamp "  SNR/SNDR
"  ENOB, etc.

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Course Content Course Content

!  Switched Capacitor Circuits [2 weeks] !  Data converter architectures [5 weeks]
"  Sampling Circuits "  ADC architectures
"  Ideal sampling "  Nyquist ADCs
"  Sampling non-idealities
"  Flash, Pipeline, SAR
"  Switch Capacitor Circuits
"  Nyquist DACs
"  T/H, Differance amps, Integrators
"  Unit-element, Binary weighted
"  Comparators "  Oversampling
"  Opamp comparators, latch comparators
"  Interleaved ADCs
"  HW CAD Project: Analyze and compare given "  Delta-Sigma ADC/DACs
comparator designs
"  Project2: Design and characterize an ADC!!
"  Project1: Design Sample and Hold circuit

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Course Content Course Content

!  Frequency synthesis [1 week] !  Data converter testing/layout [2 weeks]
"  VCOs "  Data Converter Testing

"  PLL/DLLs "  Strategies in simulation and lab settings

"  Performance measure (FOM)
"  Performance trends and limits
"  Layout Techniques
"  Floor planning
"  Common centroid
"  Decoupling
"  Project2: Design and characterize an ADC!!

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 ADC Design Motivation

Mixed Signal VLSI

!  Information is increasingly being stored, processed

and communicated in digital form
!  Since physical signals are analog in nature, we need
A/D and D/A conversion interfaces

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Mixed Signal System Software Radio Vision

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Software Radio Reality Example: Cell Phone

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 Canonical Sensing System Mixed Signal System

!  Front-end amplification boosts the sensor’s signal above the

noise floor of the interface electronics
!  Filtering rejects interference, noise, provides antialiasing
!  System level optimization is needed
"  Don’t want to waste power, money, area, accuracy, etc.

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ADC Design Motivation ADC Design Motivation (con’t)

!  Benefits of digital signal processing
"  Reduced sensitivity to "analog" noise
"  Enhanced functionality and flexibility
"  Amenable to automated design & test
"  Direct benefit from the scaling of VLSI technology – "Arbitrary"
precision
!  Issues
"  Data converters are difficult to design
Especially due to ever-increasing performance requirements (eg.
Information is increasingly being stored, processed
" 
!  mobility, use models, and size)
and communicated in digital form "  Data converters often present a performance bottleneck
Speed, resolution or power dissipation of the A/D or D/A converter
!  Since physical signals are analog in nature, we need " 

can limit overall system performance, especially in the case of small

A/D and D/A conversion interfaces mobile devices

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A/D Converter (1954) Applications

!  Consumer electronics 
"  Audio, TV, Video 
"  Digital Cameras
"  Automotive control 
"  Appliances
"  Toys
"  MEDICAL ELECTRONICS
!  Communications
"  Smart Phones
"  WirelessTransceivers 
"  Routers/Modems
http://www.analog.com/library/analogDialogue/archives/39-06/data_conversion_handbook.html

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 Applications (con’t) Example 1
!  Computing and Control
"  Storage media
"  Sound Cards
"  Data acquisition cards
!  Instrumentation
"  Lab bench equipment
"  Semiconductor test equipment
"  Scientific equipment
"  Medical equipment

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Example 2 Example 3

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Example 3 Example 4

•  Fitbit Surge
— Microcontroller Solution (32-Bit ARM
Cortex-M3)
— Successive Approximation Register
(SAR) architecture
— 8 channel, 12-bit, 1Ms/s

Even more with smartphones --

~15 ADC/DACs in Audio codec chip alone

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 Example 5 Example 6 – Cardiac Pacemaker System

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Example 6 – Cardiac Pacemaker System Example 6 – Cardiac Pacemaker System

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ADC Design Trend Performance Comparison

B. Murmann, "ADC Performance Survey 1997-2013," [Online]. Available: http://www.stanford.edu/~murmann/adcsurvey.html

B. Murmann, "ADC Performance Survey 1997-2017," [Online]. Available: http://web.stanford.edu/~murmann/adcsurvey.html.

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 HW 1 HW 1
!  Read state-of-the-art ADC design publications !  Read state-of-the-art ADC design publications
(2018) and fill out EXCEL spec sheet (2018) and fill out EXCEL spec sheet
!  Watch video of ADC performance trends (2014) !  Watch video of ADC performance trends (2014)

!  Warning: I don’t expect you to understand any of it

!  Goal: At the end of the course you will

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Course Objective Admin

!  Acquire a thorough understanding of the basic !  Review Course Websites
principles and challenges in data converter design "  http://www.seas.upenn.edu/~ese568
"  Focus on concepts that are unlikely to expire within the "  https://piazza.com/upenn/fall2018/ese568/
next decade "  https://canvas.upenn.edu/courses/
"  Preparation for further study of state-of-the-art "fine-
tuned" realizations (I.e. Picking the right part for the right
!  Complete Diagnostic Quiz!
problem) "  Out now
!  Strategy "  Complete by Friday midnight
"  Acquire breadth via a complete system walkthrough and
a survey of existing architectures !  HW 1 out now
"  Acquire depth through projects that entail design and "  Look at different performance concerns for ADC
thorough characterization of a specific circuit example
in modern(ish) technology
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