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Assignment 1 Solution

1. Blood is a non-Newtonian fluid that becomes less viscous at higher strain rates, making it a pseudoplastic fluid. Its viscosity is 6-15 times that of water and depends on hematocrit level. 2. The document discusses the viscosity of blood and how it compares to that of water and plasma. It also explains that blood is a pseudoplastic, non-Newtonian fluid whose viscosity decreases with increasing strain rate. 3. The viscosity of blood ranges from 6-15 times that of water, depending on hematocrit level, which is the percentage of red blood cells and platelets. It is more viscous than plasma, which has a viscosity around 1.8 times that of water.

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89 views11 pages

Assignment 1 Solution

1. Blood is a non-Newtonian fluid that becomes less viscous at higher strain rates, making it a pseudoplastic fluid. Its viscosity is 6-15 times that of water and depends on hematocrit level. 2. The document discusses the viscosity of blood and how it compares to that of water and plasma. It also explains that blood is a pseudoplastic, non-Newtonian fluid whose viscosity decreases with increasing strain rate. 3. The viscosity of blood ranges from 6-15 times that of water, depending on hematocrit level, which is the percentage of red blood cells and platelets. It is more viscous than plasma, which has a viscosity around 1.8 times that of water.

Uploaded by

Amy Miller
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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viscosities compare with plain water at 37 C?

Solution: (a) By definition, since viscosity varies with strain rate, blood is a nonnewtonian
fluid. CHEN 311 Introduction to Fluids Engineering
(b) Since the apparent viscosity decreases with
Homework strain rate, it must be a pseudoplastic fluid, as
1- SOLUTION
in Fig. 1.9(a). The decrease is too slight to call this a PplasticQ fluid. (c) These viscosity
values are from six to fifteen times the viscosity of pure water at 37 C, which is about 0.00070
kg/m-s. The viscosity of the liquid part of blood, called plasma, is about 1.8 times that of
water. Then there is a sharp increase of blood viscosity due to hematocrit, which is the
Problems:
percentage, by volume, of red cells and platelets in the blood. For normal human beings, the
hematocrit varies from 40% to 60%, which makes this blood about six times the viscosity of
plasma.
Chapter 1:
_______________________________________________________________________
1. 1.53

1.48 A thin moving plate is separated from two fixed plates by two fluids of unequal
viscosity and unequal spacing, as shown below. The contact area is A. Determine (a) the
force required, and (b) is there a necessary relation between the two viscosity values?

Solution: (a) Assuming a linear velocity distribution on each side of the plate, we obtain

1V 2V
F 1A 2A A Ans. (a )
h1 h2

The formula is of course valid only for laminar (nonturbulent) steady viscous flow. (b)
Since the center plate separates the two fluids, they may have separate, unrelated shear
stresses, and there is no necessary relation between the two viscosities.

Prof.  Walid  Saad  &  Dr.  Lilian  Malaeb-­‐  Fall  2014  


American  University  of  Beirut  
CHEN 311 Introduction to Fluids Engineering
Homework 1- SOLUTION

2. 1.76

A vertical concentric annulus, with outer radius ro and inner radius ri, is lowered into
fluid of surface tension Y and contact angle q < 90°. Derive an expression for the
capillary rise h in the annular gap, if the gap is very narrow.

Prof.  Walid  Saad  &  Dr.  Lilian  Malaeb-­‐  Fall  2014  


American  University  of  Beirut  
CHEN 311 Introduction to Fluids Engineering
Homework 1- SOLUTION

Chapter 2:
3. 2.17

Prof.  Walid  Saad  &  Dr.  Lilian  Malaeb-­‐  Fall  2014  


American  University  of  Beirut  
CHEN 311 Introduction to Fluids Engineering
Homework 1- SOLUTION

4. 2.19

Prof.  Walid  Saad  &  Dr.  Lilian  Malaeb-­‐  Fall  2014  


American  University  of  Beirut  
CHEN 311 Introduction to Fluids Engineering
Homework 1- SOLUTION

5. 2.40

Prof.  Walid  Saad  &  Dr.  Lilian  Malaeb-­‐  Fall  2014  


American  University  of  Beirut  
CHEN 311 Introduction to Fluids Engineering
Homework 1- SOLUTION

6. 2.70

Prof.  Walid  Saad  &  Dr.  Lilian  Malaeb-­‐  Fall  2014  


American  University  of  Beirut  
CHEN 311 Introduction to Fluids Engineering
Homework 1- SOLUTION

7. 2.85

Prof.  Walid  Saad  &  Dr.  Lilian  Malaeb-­‐  Fall  2014  


American  University  of  Beirut  
CHEN 311 Introduction to Fluids Engineering
Homework 1- SOLUTION

8. 2.98

Prof.  Walid  Saad  &  Dr.  Lilian  Malaeb-­‐  Fall  2014  


American  University  of  Beirut  
CHEN 311 Introduction to Fluids Engineering
Homework 1- SOLUTION

9. 2.107

Prof.  Walid  Saad  &  Dr.  Lilian  Malaeb-­‐  Fall  2014  


American  University  of  Beirut  
CHEN 311 Introduction to Fluids Engineering
Homework 1- SOLUTION

10. 2.155

Prof.  Walid  Saad  &  Dr.  Lilian  Malaeb-­‐  Fall  2014  


American  University  of  Beirut  
CHEN 311 Introduction to Fluids Engineering
Homework 1- SOLUTION

11. 2.165

Prof.  Walid  Saad  &  Dr.  Lilian  Malaeb-­‐  Fall  2014  


American  University  of  Beirut  

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