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Control Unit: Types Comparison

The document discusses control units in computers. It describes control units as the component that sequences control signals to run the computer. It discusses two main types of control unit designs: hardwired and microprogrammed. A microprogrammed control unit stores control words in a control memory that are fetched and used to enable processing hardware, allowing for more flexibility compared to a hardwired design.

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Avinash
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112 views12 pages

Control Unit: Types Comparison

The document discusses control units in computers. It describes control units as the component that sequences control signals to run the computer. It discusses two main types of control unit designs: hardwired and microprogrammed. A microprogrammed control unit stores control words in a control memory that are fetched and used to enable processing hardware, allowing for more flexibility compared to a hardwired design.

Uploaded by

Avinash
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Control Unit

 Introduction

 Types

 Comparison

Presented by – Avinash Koshal


Introduction

 CU is the engine that runs the entire computer w


the help of the control signals.
 It perform the correct sequencing of the correct
signals.
 It controls everything with a few control signals t
points within processor and a few control signals
the system bus.
Control Signal Sources

 Clock
 It helps to synchronize the operation. It causes one micro-
operation to be performed for each clock pulse

 Instruction Register
 Op-code for current instruction
 Determines which micro-instructions are performed

 Flags
 State of CPU
 Results of previous operations
Control Signal Sources

 From Control Bus


 Interrupts / Bus Requests

 Acknowledgements
Control Signal Outputs

 Within Processor
 Cause data movement

 Activate specific functions

 Via Main Bus


 To memory

 To I/O modules
Types

 There are two design approach for CU:


 Hardwired approach

 Micro-programming approach
Micro programmed Approach

 All controls that can be activated simultaneously


grouped together to form the control words.
 These words are stored in the control memory.
 The control words are fetched from the control
memory and are routed to various functional uni
to enable appropriate processing hardware.
Micro programmed Control Unit
Functioning of Micro programmed
Control Unit
Control Unit Function

 Sequence login unit issues read command


 Word specified in control address register is read into
control buffer register
 Control buffer register contents generates control sign
and next address information
 Sequence login loads new address into control buffer
register based on next address information from contro
buffer register and ALU flags
Comparison

Attributes Hardwired Control Microprogramming


Control
Speed Fast Slow
Cost of More Cheaper
Implementation
Flexibility Difficult to modify Flexible
Ability to handle Difficult Easier
complex instruction
Decoding Complex Easy
Application RISC CISC
Instruction Set Size Small Large
Control Memory Absent Present

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