Final Year Project – Saravanan Alagappan (14254529)

LAB 1: USING NMAP TO FIND OPEN PORTS ON THE TARGET SYSTEM

Disclaimer

The knowledge learnt from this lab is to be used ONLY IN SIMULATED ENVIROMENT.
Using Nmap to scan unauthorized IP Addresses is illegal.

Learning Objectives

Upon completion of this lab you will be able to:

 Create a Virtual Machine with Ubuntu as its operating system.

 Install and configure Nmap.

 Install and configure Zenmap.

 Use different commands to find open ports and system information on targeted
system.

Materials needed

 VMware Player
o Version: 3 & above
 Ubuntu operating system
 Nmap
 Zenmap

Special Instruction

 Use a separate word document to paste all the screenshots taken when required to do
so and hand it together with this completed document.

Scenario

In this lab activity, you will be using previously learnt skills to install and configure a Virtual
Machine which will use Ubuntu as its Operating System. You will also be using Nmap and
Zenmap which is a network scanning tool to find open ports and information about the target
system. This lab is using windows xp as the host machine’s operating system.
Final Year Project – Saravanan Alagappan (14254529)

Task 1: Create a Virtual Machine.

Using the skills learnt from IT Essentials. Install an Ubuntu as the operating system in
VMware. Use NAT configurations as the VM’s network adapter. Follow the steps below to
setup internet connection in VM:

 Select System > Preferences > Network Connections

Test connectivity by pinging from the VM to the Host machine.

Was the ping successful? ____ ____

If the ping was not successful, troubleshoot and verify that the steps above have been
followed correctly. Ensure that the network adapter is shown as connected in the VM, to
check this open a terminal and issue the command ifconfig and you must be able to see an IP
address set for the VM.
Final Year Project – Saravanan Alagappan (14254529)

Task 2: Setup Nmap

Before installing Nmap, you have to ensure that Nmap is not already installed in the system.
In terminal use the command:

$ sudo nmap – activates Nmap in command line.

If your system has already been installed with Nmap you will see the screenshot shown
below, if the system is not installed with Nmap you will see sudo: nmap: command not
found printed in terminal. If Nmap is not installed proceed with the steps below else skip to
Task 3.

Open up a terminal in the VM and update Ubuntu using the following commands (Please be
aware that internet connection is needed to accomplish this task):

$ sudo apt-get update - Update is used to resynchronize the package index files from their
sources via Internet.

$ sudo apt-get upgrade - Upgrade is used to install the newest versions of all packages
currently installed on the system.

$ sudo apt-get install nmap – This command installs the command line version of Nmap.

Once Nmap has been installed enter the command sudo nmap in terminal to confirm the
complete installation of Nmap in your VM. Your terminal should look similar to the
screenshot below.
Final Year Project – Saravanan Alagappan (14254529)

Task 3: Setup Zenmap

Before installing Zenmap, you have to ensure that Zenmap is not already installed in the
system. In terminal use the command:

$ sudo zenmap – activates Zenmap.

If your system has already been installed with Zenmap you will see that Zenmap is opened in
your desktop, if the system is not installed with Zenmap you will see sudo: zenmap:
command not found printed in terminal. If Zenmap is not installed proceed with the steps
below else skip to Task 4.

Zenmap is the Graphic User Interface (GUI) version of Nmap. Use the following commands
to install Zenmap (Please be aware that internet connection is needed to accomplish this
task):

$ sudo apt-get install zenmap - This command installs the Zenmap.

After installation, type the command show below to open Zenmap.

$ sudo zenmap – This command opens the GUI Zenmap.

Task 4: Scan target system with Zenmap

Nmap is a powerful network scanning tool which if utilized in the right way will help a
network engineer detect vulnerabilities in his network and reduce the risk of exploiting the
system thru open ports.

In the Zenmap command area type : nmap –sP –T4 134.7.50.85/27

Explain the command and your results. Include a screenshot of your results.

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Chose a host which shows up in the previous result and do a port scan on that host.

 Use the chosen host’s IP address as your Target.

Explain the command and your results. Include a screenshot of your results.

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