Prehospital CTAS 5x7 Field Reference Guide - Version 1.0 PDF

Prehospital Canadian
Triage & Acuity Scale
Prehospital CTAS
Field Reference Guide
Version 1.0
Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care

Emergency Health Services Branch
Please refer to the Prehospital CTAS Guide for additional details.
The following are excerpts from the Prehospital CTAS Paramedic

Guide to serve as a quick reference in the field.
CTAS Rules
The following rules must be considered by paramedics when assigning
CTAS levels to patients.
Rule #1
A minimum of two (2) CTAS scores will be applied to each patient.
Rule #2
The CTAS level reported to the receiving institution is the level at
departure from the scene (Departure CTAS) or if the patient’s condition
deteriorates after transport has been initiated.
Rule #3
When taking into consideration the patient’s response to treatment,
subsequent CTAS levels assigned must not be any greater than two (2)
levels below the pre-treatment acuity (Arrival CTAS).
Rule #4
For a patient who is VSA on arrival and who is resuscitated, the CTAS
must stay as a CTAS 1.
Rule #5
If paramedics receive a Termination of Resuscitation (TOR) order
while managing a patient, the CTAS level assigned for the patient and
documented on the ACR is based on the status of the patient on arrival
and departure (if applicable) from the scene.
Rule #6
In cases where it is determined on arrival that a patient is “obviously
dead”, no CTAS level (Arrival or Departure) is required to be assigned
and documented as a zero (0) on the ACR.
CTAS Field Reference Guide 1 Version 1.0

Canadian Emergency Department Information System (CEDIS)
and the Presenting Complaint
Once the applicable CEDIS category is determined, a presenting

complaint can be determined from the list of presenting complaints that
are associated with each CEDIS category.
These presenting complaints are essentially the same as those used by

triage nurses in the ED, but have been modified to be more applicable
to the prehospital setting.
By using the CEDIS and the presenting complaints list to assess and
categorize patients, paramedics will be speaking the “same language”
as the ED, thereby optimizing the communication between the
prehospital environment and the ED.
CEDIS Categories
• Cardiovascular • Ophthalmology
• ENT • Orthopedic
• Environmental • Pediatric
• Gastrointestinal • Respiratory
• Genitourinary • Skin
• Mental Health • Substance Misuse
• Neurologic • Trauma
• Obstetrics/Gynecology • General and Minor
(OB/GYN)

Organized Approach to CTAS Determination – Adult
Conduct
“Quick Look”
Not Obvious CTAS Level 1
Determine
Presenting CTAS Level 1
Complaint
Apply
First Order
Modifier(s)
No Second Order Modifiers Applicable
Apply
Second Order CTAS Level
Modifier(s) 1-5

Adult CTAS Modifiers
The HIGHEST CTAS level must be assigned using ALL

applicable modifiers
First Order Modifiers

Group One
1. Respiratory Distress - Airway

- Breathing
2. Hemodynamic Status - Circulation

3. Level of Consciousness - Deficits
4. Temperature
Group Two – related to specific conditions
1. Pain Score
2. Bleeding Disorder
3. Mechanism of Injury

ADULT First Order Modifiers, Group One Table 1
Respiratory Distress
Oxygen CTAS
Level of Distress
Saturation Level
Severe: Fatigue from excessive work of

breathing, cyanosis, single-word speech,
<90% 1
unable to speak, upper airway obstruction,
lethargic or confused
Moderate: Increased work of breathing,

speaking phrases or clipped sentences,
<92% 2
significant or worsening stridor but the
airway protected.
Mild/Moderate: Dyspnea, tachypnea,

shortness of breath on exertion, no obvious
increased work of breathing, able to speak 92-94% 3
in sentences, stridor without any obvious
airway obstruction
None ≥94% 4, 5

Hemodynamic Stability
CTAS
Hemodynamic Status
Level
Shock. Evidence of severe end-organ hypoperfusion:

Marked pallor, cool skin, diaphoresis, weak or thready
pulse, hypotension, postural syncope, significant
1
tachycardia or bradycardia, ineffective ventilation or
oxygenation, decreased level of consciousness. Could
also appear as flushed, febrile, toxic, as in septic shock.
Hemodynamic Compromise. Evidence of borderline

perfusion: pale, history of diaphoresis, unexplained
tachycardia, postural hypotension (by history), feeling
2
faint on sitting and standing, or suspected hypotension
(lower than normal blood pressure or expected blood
pressure for a given patient).
Vital signs at the upper and lower ends of normal as they

relate to the presenting complaint, especially if they differ 3
from the usual values for the specific patient.
Normal Vital signs 4, 5

Level of Consciousness
CTAS
Status – Level of Consciousness GCS
Level
Unconscious: Unable to protect airway,
response to pain or loud noise only and
without purpose, continuous seizure or 3-9 1
progressive deterioration in level of
consciousness
Altered level of consciousness: Response
inappropriate to verbal stimuli, loss of
orientation to person, place or time, new 10 - 13 2
impairment of recent memory, altered
behaviour
Normal: Other modifiers are used to define 14 - 15 3, 4, 5

Temperature
CTAS
Temperature ≥38.5o
Level
Immunocompromised: neutropenia (or suspected),
chemotherapy or immunosuppressive drugs including 2
steroids
Looks septic: patient has evidence of infection, has 3

SIRS criteria positive, or shows evidence of
2
hemodynamic compromise, moderate respiratory distress
or altered level of consciousness
Looks unwell: patient has <3 SIRS criteria positive but

appears ill-looking (i.e. flushed, lethargic, anxious or 3
agitated)
Looks well: patient has fever as their only positive SIRS

4
criteria and appear to be comfortable and in no distress

ADULT First Order Modifiers, Group Two Table 5
Pain
CTAS
Severity Location Duration
Level
Acute 2
Central
Severe Chronic 3
(8 – 10/10) Acute 3
Peripheral
Chronic 4
Acute 3
Central
Moderate Chronic 4
(4 – 7/10) Acute 4
Peripheral
Chronic 5
Acute 4
Central
Mild Chronic 5
(0 – 3/10) Acute 5
Peripheral
Chronic 5

Bleeding Disorders
CTAS
Bleeding Site
Level
• Head (intracranial) and neck
• Chest, abdomen, pelvis, spine
• Massive vaginal hemorrhage
• Iliopsoas muscle and hip
2
• Extremity muscle compartments
• Fractures or dislocations
• Deep lacerations
• Any uncontrolled bleeding
• Moderate, minor bleeds

• Nose (epistaxis)
• Mouth (including gums)
3
• Joints (hemathroses)
• Menorrhagia
• Abrasions and superficial lacerations

Mechanism of Injury (MOI)
MOI CTAS Level 2

Motor Vehicle Collisions
Ejection (partial or complete) from vehicle
Rollover
Extrication time ≥20 minutes
Significant intrusion into passenger’s space(≥0.3 metres
occupant site; ≥ 0.5 metres any site, including roof)
Death in the same passenger compartment
General
Impact ≥40 km/h (unrestrained) or impact ≥60 km/h
Trauma
(restrained)
Motorcycle Collision
Impact with a vehicle ≥30 km/h, especially if rider is
separated from motorcycle
Fall From ≥6 metres (one storey is equal to 3 metres)
Penetrating Injury to head, neck, torso or extremities
proximal to elbow and knee
Motor Vehicle Collision
Head Unrestrained passenger striking head on windshield
Trauma Pedestrian Struck by vehicle
Fall From ≥1 metre or 5 stairs
Assault with blunt object other than fist or feet

Rollover
Neck
High speed (especially if driver unrestrained)
Trauma
Axial Load to the Head

Second Order Modifiers, Complaint Specific
To be applied after the presenting complaint is determined and the
First Order Modifiers have been applied.
Type 1
• Blood Glucose
• Hypotension
• Dehydration
• Selected Adult Second Order Modifiers
Type 2
• Obstetrics ≥20 weeks Gestation
• Mental Health

ADULT Second Order Modifiers, Type 1 Table 8
Blood Glucose Level
CTAS
Blood Glucose Level Symptoms
Level
Confusion, seizure,
diaphoresis, behavioural 2
<3 mmol/L
change, acute focal deficits
None 3
Dyspnea, tachypnea,
≥18 mmol/L dehydration, thirst, 2
weakness, polyuria

Hypertension/Blood Pressure
CTAS
Blood Pressure Symptoms
Level
Any other symptoms
Systolic Blood Pressure
(e.g. headache, chest
≥220 or Diastolic Blood 2
pain, shortness of breath
Pressure ≥130
or nausea).
≥220 or Diastolic Blood No symptoms. 3
Pressure ≥130
Any other symptoms
(e.g. headache, chest
200 - 220 or Diastolic 3
pain, shortness of breath
Blood Pressure 110 - 130
or nausea).
200 - 220 or Diastolic No symptoms 4, 5
Blood Pressure 110 - 130

Dehydration
Dehydration CTAS
Level
Severe Dehydration: marked volume loss with classic

1
signs of dehydration and signs and symptoms of shock.
Moderate Dehydration: dry mucous membranes,

tachycardia, plus or minus decreased skin turgor and 2
decreased urine output.
Mild Dehydration: stable vital signs with complaints of

increasing thirst and concentrated urine and a history of 3
decreased fluid intake or increased fluid loss or both.
Potential Dehydration: no symptoms of dehydration,

presenting with fluid loss ongoing or difficulty tolerating 4
oral fluids.

Selected Second Order Adult Modifiers
CTAS
Presenting Complaint Revised Modifier
Level
Chest pain, non cardiac Other significant chest

2
features pain (ripping or tearing)
Time of onset of
2
symptoms <3.5 hours.
Extremity weakness /
symptoms of CVA
≥3.5 hours or resolved 3
Drooling or stridor,
2
Difficulty hoarseness or dysphagia
swallowing/dysphagia
No distress but with
3
difficulty swallowing
Upper or lower extremity Obvious deformity 3

Obstetrics - ≥20 weeks Gestation
CTAS
Presenting Complaint
Level
Presenting fetal parts or prolapsed umbilical cord. 1
Vaginal bleeding in the third trimester (other than show). 1

Active labour (contractions <2 minutes apart). 2
No fetal movement or no fetal heart sounds. 2
Complex hypertension +/- headache, +/- edema,
2
+/- abdominal pain.
Post delivery (mother and infant). 2
Active labour (contractions ≥2 minutes apart). 3
Possible leaking amniotic fluid (≥24 hours). 3

Mental Health
CTAS
Presenting Complaint Description
Level
Attempted suicide, clear plan. 2
Active suicide intent. 2
Depression/Suicidal or Uncertain flight or safety risk. 2
deliberate self harm. Suicidal ideation, no plan. 3
Depressed, no suicidal
4
ideation.
Severe anxiety/agitation. 2
Uncertain flight or safety risk. 2
Anxiety/Situational Crisis
Moderate anxiety/agitation. 3
Mild anxiety/agitation. 4
Acute psychosis. 2
Severe anxiety or agitation. 2
Uncertain flight or safety risk. 2
Hallucinations or Moderate anxiety or agitation
3
Delusions or with paranoia.
Mild agitation, stable. 4
Mild anxiety or agitation,
5
chronic hallucinations.
Acute 4
Insomnia
Chronic 5
Imminent harm to self or
1
others, or specific plan.
Violent or Homicidal
Uncertain flight or safety risk 2
Behaviour
Violent or homicidal ideation,
3
no plan.
Abuse physical, mental, high
Social Problem 3
emotional stress.
Uncontrolled 1
Bizarre Behaviour
Chronic, non-urgent 5

Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT)
GENERAL WORK OF
APPEARANCE BREATHING
CIRCULATION
(SKIN)
Pediatric Modifier Considerations
• Presenting Complaint
¾ Fever
¾ Respiratory difficulties
¾ Injuries
¾ Changes in behaviour
¾ Vomiting and/or diarrhea (dehydration)
• Pediatric History - Subjective Data
• Vital Signs
• Fever
• Pain

Organized Approach to CTAS Determination – Pediatric
“First Look” CTAS Level 1

Rapid visual assessment Pediatric Initiate Treatment
Assessment Triangle Transport Immediate
Presenting Complaint CTAS Level 1

History/Infection Control Initiate Treatment
Transport Immediate
Physiological First Order

CTAS Level 1
Modifiers-Vital Signs
Physiologic parameter assessment Initiate Treatment
(primary survey) Transport Immediate
Non-physiological First CTAS Level 1

Order Modifiers Initiate Treatment
(secondary survey) Transport Immediate
Second Order Modifiers CTAS Level 1

(secondary survey) Initiate Treatment
Pediatric Specific Modifiers Transport Immediate
CTAS 2
Assignment of CTAS CTAS 3
Level 2 to 5 CTAS 4
CTAS 5

PEDIATRIC Reference Information Table 14
Normal Vital Signs
Normal Range Normal Range

Age
Respiratory Rate Heart Rate
0 – 3 months 30 – 60 90 – 180
3 months – 6 months 30 – 60 80 – 160
6 months – 1 year 25 – 45 80 - 140
1 year – 3 years 20 – 30 75 – 130
6 years 16 – 24 70 – 110
10 years 14 – 20 60 – 90
PEDIATRIC First Order, Physiological Modifiers Table 15

Respiratory Rates
Physiologic Range
Respiratory Rate
Level 1 2 3 4/5 3 2 1
0–3
<10 10-20 20-30 30-60 60-70 70-80 >80
months
3–6
<10 10-20 20-30 30-60 60-70 70-80 >80
months
6 – 12
<10 10-17 17-25 25-45 45-55 55-60 >60
months
1–3
<10 10-15 15-20 20-30 30-35 35-40 >40
years
6 years <8 8-12 12-16 16-24 24-28 28-32 >32
10 years <8 8-10 10-14 14-20 20-24 24-26 >26

Respiratory Distress
Oxygen CTAS
Level of Distress
Saturation Level
Severe: Fatiguing from excessive
work of breathing. Signs may include
cyanosis; lethargy, confusion,
inability to recognize caregiver,
decreased response to pain; single
<90% 1
word or no speech; tachycardia or
bradycardia; tachypnea or bradypnea,
apnea, irregular respirations;
exaggerated retractions, grunting;
signs of upper airway obstruction.
Moderate: Increased work of
breathing, restlessness, anxiety, or
combativeness; tachypnea;
hyperpnea; mild increased use of
<92% 2
accessory muscles, retractions,
speaking phrases or clipped
sentences, prolonged expiratory
phase.
Mild: No obvious increase in work

of breathing. Signs may include
tachypnea; mild shortness of breath <92 – 94% 3
on exertion; able to speak in
sentences.
None ≥94% 4, 5

Heart Rates
Physiologic Range
Heart Rate
Level 1 2 3 4/5 3 2 1
0–3
<40 40-65 65-90 90-180 180-205 205-230 >230
months
3–6
<40 40-63 63-80 80-160 160-180 180-210 >210
months
6 – 12
<40 40-60 60-80 80-140 140-160 160-180 >180
months
1–3
<40 40-58 58-75 75-130 130-145 145-165 >165
years
6 years <40 40-55 55-70 70-110 110-125 125-140 >140
10 yrs <30 30-45 45-60 60-90 90-105 105-120 >120

Hemodynamic Status
CTAS
Hemodynamic Stability
Level
Shock: Evidence of severe end-organ hypoperfusion

such as marked pallor, cool skin, diaphoresis, weak or
thready pulse, hypotension, postural syncope, significant
1
tachycardia or bradycardia, ineffective ventilation or
oxygenation, decreased level of consciousness; could also
appear as flushed, febrile toxic, as in septic shock.
Hemodynamic compromise: Delayed capillary refill,

tachycardia, decreased urine production and skin changes
suggest poor tissue perfusion; vomiting and diarrhea
secondary to gastrointestinal infection are a common
2
etiology; the signs of dehydration are not always reliable,
particularly in younger patients; hemorrhage in moderate
trauma may be masked by the child’s ability to maintain
his or her blood pressure.
Volume depletion with abnormal vital signs 3

Normal Vital Signs 4, 5

PEDIATRIC Reference Information Table 19
Pediatric Coma Scale (PCS)
Pediatric Coma Scale
Eye Opening Verbal Response Motor Response
6 Obeys commands
5 Coos or babbles 5 Withdraws from
4 Spontaneous 4 Irritable/constantly touch
3 To speech cries 4 Withdraws from
2 To pain 3 Cries to pain pain
1 None 2 Moans to pain 3 Flexion to pain
1 None 2 Extension to pain
1 None
Level of Consciousness
CTAS
Level of Consciousness PCS
Level
Unconscious: Unresponsive; responds to pain
or loud noise only without purpose; flexion or
extension position; continuous seizing; 3-9 1
progressive deterioration in level of
consciousness; unable to protect airway.
Altered LOC: A change from one’s “normal”
level of consciousness; lethargic; obtunded;
localizes to painful stimulus; irritable; agitated
or combative; inconsolable, poor feeding in an 10-13 2
infant; able to protect their airway; alert with
minor behavioral or vital sign alterations from
normal.
Normal: A state of awareness, implying
orientation to person, place and time; interacts
appropriately for age (e.g. infant coos and 14-15 3, 4, 5
babbles); consolable. Other modifiers are used
to define the CTAS level.

Temperature <36ºC
Age Temperature CTAS Level

0 – 3 months <36ºC 2
≥3 months <32ºC 2
≥3 months 32ºC – 35ºC 3
Note: Fever and hypothermia are defined using an oral reading.

In general, axillary temperatures are 1º less than oral, and rectal
temperatures are 1º higher.

Elevated Temperatures
CTAS
Age Temperature
Level
0 – 3 months ≥38ºC 2
≥38.5ºC
Immunocompromised (e.g. 2
neutropenia, transplant steroids)
3 months–3 years ≥38.5ºC
2
Looks unwell.
≥38.5ºC
3
Looks well.
≥38.5ºC
Immunocompromised (e.g. 2
neutropenia, transplant steroids)
≥38.5ºC
≥3 years
Looks unwell (consider heart 3
rate and respiratory rate).
≥38.5ºC
4
Looks well.

PEDIATRIC First Order, Non-Physiological Modifiers Table 23
Pain
Severity Duration CTAS Level

Severe (8 – 10/10) Acute 2
Moderate (4 – 7/10) Acute 3
Mild (0 – 3/10) Acute 4

PEDIATRIC First Order, Non-Physiological Modifiers Table 24
Mechanism of Injury (MOI)
MOI CTAS Level 2

Motor Vehicle Collisions
Rollover
Extrication time ≥20 minutes
Significant intrusion into passenger’s space (≥0.3 metres
occupant site; ≥0.5 metres any site, including roof)
Death in the same passenger compartment
General
Impact ≥40 km/h (unrestrained) or impact ≥60 km/h
Trauma
(restrained)
Impact with a vehicle ≥30 km/h, especially if rider is
separated from motorcycle
Fall From ≥6 metres (one storey is equal to 3 metres)
Penetrating Injury to head, neck, torso or extremities
proximal to elbow and knee
Head Unrestrained passenger striking head on windshield
Trauma Pedestrian Struck by vehicle
Assault with blunt object other than fist or feet
Rollover
Neck
High speed (especially if driver unrestrained)
Trauma
Axial Load to the Head

Pediatric Second Order Modifiers
To be applied after the First Order Modifiers, usually during the
Secondary Survey.
• Glucose Determination
• Pediatric Specific Modifiers
o Concern for Patient’s Welfare
o Disruptive Behaviour
o Stridor
o Apneic Spells in Infants
o Floppy Child
o Pediatric Gait Disorder/Painful Walking
o Congenital Disorders

PEDIATRIC Second Order Modifier Table 25
Blood Glucose Level
Blood Glucose CTAS

Symptoms
Level Level
Confusion, seizure, diaphoresis,
behavioural change, seizure or 2
<3 mmol/L
infant <1 year.
None 3
≥18 mmol/L Dyspnea, dehydration, weakness. 2
PEDIATRIC Second Order, Pediatric Specific Modifiers Table 26

Concern for Patient’s Welfare
CTAS
Concern for Patient’s Welfare
Level
Conflict or unstable situation. 1
Risk of flight or ongoing abuse. 2
Physical or sexual assault. 3
History/signs of abuse or maltreatment. 4

Disruptive Behaviour
CTAS
Disruptive Behaviour
Level
Uncertain flight or safety risk/family distress. 2
Acute difficulties with others/environment. 3
Persistent problematic behaviour. 4
Chronic unchanged behaviour. 5

Stridor
CTAS
Stridor
Level
Airway compromise. 1
Marked stridor. 2
Audible Stridor. 3

Apneic Spells in Infants
CTAS
Apneic Spells in Infants
Level
Apneic episode on presentation. 1
Recent spell consistent with apnea or respiratory
2
compromise.
History of spell consistent with apnea. 3

Inconsolable Crying in Infants
CTAS
Inconsolable Crying in Infants
Level
Inconsolable infant - abnormal vital signs. 2
Inconsolable infant – stable vital signs. 3
Irritable but consolable. 4

Floppy Child
CTAS
Floppy Child
Level
No tone, unable to support head. 2
Limited/less than expected muscle tone. 3

Gait Disorder/Painful Walking
CTAS
Gait Disorder/Painful Walking
Level
Gait or limp problems with fever. 3
Caregivers identifying need for care, walking with
4
difficulty.

Congenital Problems in Children
CTAS
Congenital Problems in Children
Level
Conditions/protocol letters identifying concerns for
rapid deterioration or need for immediate therapy.
2
Vomiting/diarrhea in a child with inherited metabolic
disease, Type 1 diabetes or adrenal insufficiency.
Caregivers identifying need for care. 3
Stable child with congenital disease with potential for
4
problems.

List of Abbreviations
The following abbreviations, in alphabetical order, appear in the CTAS

Paramedic Guide.
ALS PCS Advanced Life Support Patient Care

Standards
ABCDs Airway, Breathing, Circulation and Deficits
ACO Ambulance Communications Officer
ACR Ambulance Call Report
BLS PCS Basic Life Support Patient Care Standards

BPM Breaths Per Minute
BVM Bag Valve Mask
CEDIS Canadian Emergency Department

Information System
CPAS Canadian Prehospital Acuity Scale
COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
CTAS Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale
CVA Cerebral Vascular Accident
DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure
ED Emergency Department
ENT Ear, Nose and Throat
GCS Glasgow Coma Scale

GI Gastrointestinal
INR International Normalized Ratio
kPa Kilopascal

List of Abbreviations (continued)
LOC Level of Consciousness

LPM Litres per minute
MCI Multiple Casualty Incidents

MOI Mechanism of Injury
MVC Motor Vehicle Collision
NWG National Working Group
OB/GYN Obstetrics/Gynecology
O2 Oxygen
PaCO2 Arterial Blood Gas Carbon Dioxide

PAT Pediatric Assessment Triangle
PCS Pediatric Coma Scale
PT Prothrombin Time
PTT Partial Thromboplastin Time
PVC Premature Ventricular Contraction
ROSC Return of Spontaneous Circulation

RUQ Right Upper Quadrant
SBP Systolic Blood Pressure

SIRS Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
SOB Shortness of Breath
TOR Termination of Resuscitation
WBC White Blood Cell

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Prehospital Canadian

Triage & Acuity Scale

Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care

The following are excerpts from the Prehospital CTAS Paramedic

CTAS Field Reference Guide 1 Version 1.0

Once the applicable CEDIS category is determined, a presenting

These presenting complaints are essentially the same as those used by

CTAS Field Reference Guide 2 Version 1.0

Not Obvious CTAS Level 1

Not Obvious CTAS Level 1

No Second Order Modifiers Applicable

Not Obvious CTAS Level 1

CTAS Field Reference Guide 3 Version 1.0

The HIGHEST CTAS level must be assigned using ALL

First Order Modifiers

1. Respiratory Distress - Airway

2. Hemodynamic Status - Circulation

Group Two – related to specific conditions

CTAS Field Reference Guide 4 Version 1.0

Severe: Fatigue from excessive work of

Moderate: Increased work of breathing,

Mild/Moderate: Dyspnea, tachypnea,

CTAS Field Reference Guide 5 Version 1.0

Shock. Evidence of severe end-organ hypoperfusion:

Hemodynamic Compromise. Evidence of borderline

Vital signs at the upper and lower ends of normal as they

Normal Vital signs 4, 5

CTAS Field Reference Guide 6 Version 1.0

Normal: Other modifiers are used to define 14 - 15 3, 4, 5

CTAS Field Reference Guide 7 Version 1.0

Looks septic: patient has evidence of infection, has 3

Looks unwell: patient has <3 SIRS criteria positive but

Looks well: patient has fever as their only positive SIRS

CTAS Field Reference Guide 8 Version 1.0

CTAS Field Reference Guide 9 Version 1.0

• Moderate, minor bleeds

CTAS Field Reference Guide 10 Version 1.0

MOI CTAS Level 2

Motor Vehicle Collision

CTAS Field Reference Guide 11 Version 1.0

CTAS Field Reference Guide 12 Version 1.0

ADULT Second Order Modifiers, Type 1 Table 9

CTAS Field Reference Guide 13 Version 1.0

Severe Dehydration: marked volume loss with classic

Moderate Dehydration: dry mucous membranes,

Mild Dehydration: stable vital signs with complaints of

Potential Dehydration: no symptoms of dehydration,

CTAS Field Reference Guide 14 Version 1.0

Chest pain, non cardiac Other significant chest

Upper or lower extremity Obvious deformity 3

CTAS Field Reference Guide 15 Version 1.0

Vaginal bleeding in the third trimester (other than show). 1

CTAS Field Reference Guide 16 Version 1.0

CTAS Field Reference Guide 17 Version 1.0

Pediatric Modifier Considerations

CTAS Field Reference Guide 18 Version 1.0

“First Look” CTAS Level 1

Not Obvious CTAS Level 1

Presenting Complaint CTAS Level 1