The document contains the results of an experiment on a photoconductor (PC).
1) The PC's resistance and conductance were measured at different angles of incident polarized light and the data was plotted on a graph showing conductance decreasing with increasing angle.
2) When the polarizer was rotated 360 degrees, the minimum and maximum conductance values were determined and used to calculate the fraction of linearly polarized light as 0.76.
3) The PC's conductance was measured for different currents through a collimated laser diode (CLD) and the data was plotted on a graph.
The document contains the results of an experiment on a photoconductor (PC).
1) The PC's resistance and conductance were measured at different angles of incident polarized light and the data was plotted on a graph showing conductance decreasing with increasing angle.
2) When the polarizer was rotated 360 degrees, the minimum and maximum conductance values were determined and used to calculate the fraction of linearly polarized light as 0.76.
3) The PC's conductance was measured for different currents through a collimated laser diode (CLD) and the data was plotted on a graph.
The document contains the results of an experiment on a photoconductor (PC).
1) The PC's resistance and conductance were measured at different angles of incident polarized light and the data was plotted on a graph showing conductance decreasing with increasing angle.
2) When the polarizer was rotated 360 degrees, the minimum and maximum conductance values were determined and used to calculate the fraction of linearly polarized light as 0.76.
3) The PC's conductance was measured for different currents through a collimated laser diode (CLD) and the data was plotted on a graph.
The document contains the results of an experiment on a photoconductor (PC).
1) The PC's resistance and conductance were measured at different angles of incident polarized light and the data was plotted on a graph showing conductance decreasing with increasing angle.
2) When the polarizer was rotated 360 degrees, the minimum and maximum conductance values were determined and used to calculate the fraction of linearly polarized light as 0.76.
3) The PC's conductance was measured for different currents through a collimated laser diode (CLD) and the data was plotted on a graph.
(1) Record the measured PC resistance (R) and θ P in the data table. Transform the measured R values into conductance (C) values and record them in the data table.
(2) Plot the PC conductance values as a function of θ P on a graph paper.
8.00E-04
6.00E-04 C(Ω-1)
4.00E-04
2.00E-04
0.00E+00 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
θ P (degree) Experimental Competition Question Number 2 27 April 2010
Page 4 of 12
SOLUTION
Exp. II-B：The Fraction of Linearly Polarized Laser Light
(1) Find the maximum and minimum values of PC resistance (Rmax and Rmin) by rotating P1
360 °. Transform Rmax and Rmin into the minimum and maximum values of PC
conductance Cmin and Cmax. Record the data in the data table.
Rmin Rmax Cmax Cmin
(kΩ) (kΩ) (1/kΩ) (1/kΩ)
4.30 19.40 0.233 0.0515
4.28 19.42 0.234 0.0515
4.31 19.41 0.232 0.0515
Average 0.233 0.0515
Experimental Competition Question Number 2 27 April 2010
Page 5 of 12
SOLUTION
(2) Utilizing the conductance versus θ P graph in Exp. II-A-(2) to determine the relative
intensities J m a x and J m i n corresponding to Cmax and Cmin. Write down the result.
8.00E-04
6.00E-04 C(Ω-1)
4.00E-04
2.00E-04
0.00E+00 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
θ P (degree)
Cmin = 0.0515 Ω −1 ⇒ θ P = 81 ⇒ J min = cos2 81 = 0.025
Cmax = 0.233 Ω −1 ⇒ θ P = 65 ⇒ J min = cos2 65 = 0.18
Jmin = 0.025 Jmax = 0.18
Experimental Competition Question Number 2 27 April 2010
Page 6 of 12
SOLUTION
(3) Calculate β and write down the result on the answer sheet.
J max − J min 0.18 − 0.025
=β = = 0.76 J max + J min 0.18 + 0.025
β = 0.76 Experimental Competition Question Number 2 27 April 2010
Page 7 of 12
SOLUTION
Exp. II-C： The Differential Quantum Efficiency of the Collimated Laser
Diode
(1) Control the CLD current (I) and measure the corresponding PC resistance (R) values. Record the data in the data table. Transform your data and plot the PC conductance (C) versus CLD current on a graph paper.
I (A) Experimental Competition Question Number 2 27 April 2010
Page 10 of 12
SOLUTION (2)Based on the graph of step (1), choose a region (∆I ~ 3 mA) centered around the maximum slope. By using the conductance versus θ P graph in Part II-A-(2), transform and record the data of this region in the table of step (1) into the relative light intensity (J). Plot the relative light intensity (J) versus CLD current (I) in a graph paper.
I (A) Experimental Competition Question Number 2 27 April 2010
Page 11 of 12
SOLUTION (3) The maximum radiating power of the CLD is assumed to be exactly Pmax = 3 .0 mW. Extract the maximum slope from the graph in step (3) and transfer it to the value of ∆P G≡ , which is the maximum ratio of the increased amount of radiating power ∆I Max and the increase amount of input ampere. Write down your analysis and the calculated value G on the answer sheet. Estimate the error of G. Do not include the error of the Pmax. Write down your analysis and the calculated value ∆G on the answer sheet.
∆P G =II D： The Part Intensit y-current character ∆G =of theW/A Collimated Laser Diode ∆I M a x = 0.69 W/A 0.02
By linear regression analysis,
slope S = 213 ( Intensity Unit /A) , uncertainty of slope ∆S = 3 (Intensity Unit /A). Pmax = 3.0 mW ⇒ Jmax = 0.92 (Intensity Unit) P∝J ⇒ P= kJ ∆P k ∆J Pmax ∆J 3.0 × 10−3 ∴ G= = = ⋅ = × 213= 0.69 W/A ∆I max ∆I max J max ∆I max 0.92
From the measured data, uncertainty of Jmax : ∆Jmax = 0.02 (Intensity Unit)
Uncertainty Analysis: by using the formula of error propagation
P ∆J S G= G ( S , J max ) =max ⋅ (3.0 × 10−3 ) = J max ∆I max J max 2 2 2 ∂G ∂G 3.0 × 10−3 3.0 × 10−3 S 2
Alternatively, 2 ∆G ∆S ∆J max 2 2 2 3 0.02 = + ⇒= ∆G 0.69 + = 0.02 G S J max 213 0.92 Experimental Competition Question Number 2 27 April 2010
Page 12 of 12
SOLUTION
(4) The Quantum Efficiency equals the probability of one photon being generated per electron injected. From a particular bias current of the laser, a small increment of electrons injected would cause a corresponding increment of photons. The Differential Quantum Efficiency η is defined as the ratio of the increased number of photons and the increased number of injected electrons. Determine η of your CLD by using the value of G obtained in step (4). Write down your analysis and the calculated value η on the answer sheet. Estimate the error of η. Write down your analysis and the calculated value ∆η on the answer sheet. (Laser wavelength = 650 nm. Planck’s constant = 6.63 × 10 −34 J ⋅ s . Light speed = 3.0 ×108 m s )
η = Part II 0.36 ∆η =of0.01 D： The Intensit y-current character the Collimated Laser Diode
∆N ∆P / E photon ∆P e e Geλ η = photon = =⋅ = G⋅ = ∆N electron ∆I / e ∆I E photon hc / λ hc 0.69 × 1.6 × 10−19 × 650 × 10−9 = 0.36 6.63 × 10−34 × 3.0 × 108
eλ ∆η ∆G ∆G 0.02 ∆η =∆G ⇒ = ⇒ ∆η =η =0.36 × =0.01 hc η G G 0.69
