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Experiment No.3 Discrete-Time Convultion and Z-Transform Procedure A: Convolution of Discrete-Time Signal

1. The document describes experiments involving discrete-time convolution and z-transforms. Procedure A involves convolving discrete-time sequences of different lengths. Procedure B uses the chirp z-transform algorithm to calculate the z-transform of a discrete-time signal. 2. Modifying variables in the z-transform calculation, such as changing signs or values, results in different regions of convergence and outputs. 3. The xgetech(), xsetech(), and xsegs() functions are used to set graphic contexts and draw segments in producing the output figures.

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169 views7 pages

Experiment No.3 Discrete-Time Convultion and Z-Transform Procedure A: Convolution of Discrete-Time Signal

1. The document describes experiments involving discrete-time convolution and z-transforms. Procedure A involves convolving discrete-time sequences of different lengths. Procedure B uses the chirp z-transform algorithm to calculate the z-transform of a discrete-time signal. 2. Modifying variables in the z-transform calculation, such as changing signs or values, results in different regions of convergence and outputs. 3. The xgetech(), xsetech(), and xsegs() functions are used to set graphic contexts and draw segments in producing the output figures.

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Daryl A
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EXPERIMENT NO.

3
DISCRETE-TIME CONVULTION AND Z-TRANSFORM

PROCEDURE A: CONVOLUTION OF DISCRETE-TIME SIGNAL


1. Encode the following command:
--> h=[3 2 1 -2 1 0 -4 0 3];
--> n=0.8;
--> subplot(3,1,1);
--> plot2d3(n,h);
--> mtlb_grid;
--> ylabel ('Amplitude');xlabel('Time Index n');
--> x=[1 -2 3 -4 3 2 1];
--> n=0:6;
--> subplot(3,1,2);
--> plot2d3(n,x);
--> mtlb_grid;
--> ylabel('Amplitude');xlabel('Time Index n');
--> y=convol(h,x);
--> n=0:14;
--> subplot(3,1,3);
--> plot2d3(n,y);
--> mtlb_grid;
--> ylabel('Amplitude');xlabel ('Time Index n');
--> title('Output Obtained by Convultion');
EXPERIMENT NO.3
DISCRETE-TIME CONVULTION AND Z-TRANSFORM

2. Observe and draw the figure generated.

Figure A.1: Graphical representation of convolution of discrete-time signal.

OBSERVATIONS A: CONVOLUTION OF DISCRETE-TIME SIGNAL


1. Modify program 1 to develop a convolution of a length -15 sequence h[n] with a
length -10 sequence x[n].

Figure A.2: Graphical representation of convolution of a length -15 sequence h[n] with a length -10 sequence x[n].
EXPERIMENT NO.3
DISCRETE-TIME CONVULTION AND Z-TRANSFORM

2. Modify program 1 to develop a convolution of a length -19 sequence h[n] with a


length -13 sequence x[n].

Figure A.3: Graphical representation of convolution of a length -19 sequence h[n] with a length -13 sequence x[n].
EXPERIMENT NO.3
DISCRETE-TIME CONVULTION AND Z-TRANSFORM

3. Modify program 1 to develop a convolution of a length -23 sequence h[n] with a


length -16 sequence x[n].

Figure A.3: Graphical representation of convolution of a length -23 sequence h[n] with a length -16 sequence x[n].
EXPERIMENT NO.3
DISCRETE-TIME CONVULTION AND Z-TRANSFORM

PROCEDURE B: Z-TRANSFORMATION (Chirp z-transform Algorithm)


1. Encode the following command:
--> a=.7*exp(%i*%pi/6);
--> [ffr,bds]=xgetech();
--> rect=[-1.2, -1.2*sqrt(2),1.2,1.2*sqrt(2)];
--> t=2*%pi*(0:179)/179;xsetech([0,0,0.5,1]);
--> plot2d(sin(t)',cos(t)',[2],"012",' ',rect);
--> plot2d([0 real(a)]',[0 imag(a)]',[3],"000");
--> xsegs([-1.0,0;1.0,0],[0,-1.0;0,1.0]);
--> w0=.93*exp(-%i*%pi/15);w=exp(-(0:9)*log(w0));z=a*w;
--> zr=real(z);zi=imag(z);
--> plot2d(zr',zi',[5],"000");
--> xsetech([0.5,0,0.5,1]);
--> plot2d(sin(t)',cos(t)',[2],"012",' ',rect);
--> plot2d([0 real(a)]',[0 imag(a)]',[-1],"000");
--> xsegs([-1.0,0;1.0,0],[0,-1.0;0,1.0]);
--> w0=w0/(.93*.93);w=exp(-(0:9)*log(w0));z=a*w;
--> zr=real(z);zi=imag(z);
--> plot2d(zr',zi',[5],"000");
--> xsetech(ffr,bds);

2. Observe and draw the figure generated.

Figure B.1: Graphical representation of z-transform of discrete-time signal.


EXPERIMENT NO.3
DISCRETE-TIME CONVULTION AND Z-TRANSFORM

3. Add a negative sign on the value .7 in the syntax a=.7*exp(%i*%pi/6);. What is the
result?

Figure B.3: Graphical representation of z-transform of discrete-time signal when 0.7 is negative.

4. Replace the value .7 into 1.9 in the syntax a=.7*exp(%i*%pi/6); and then type again
the program. What is the result?

Figure B.4: Graphical representation of z-transform of discrete-time signal

when 0.7 is replaced by 1.9 in the syntax a= syntax a=.7*exp(%i*%pi/6);.


EXPERIMENT NO.3
DISCRETE-TIME CONVULTION AND Z-TRANSFORM

5. Replace the value 6 to 2 in the syntax a=.7*exp(%i*%pi/6); and then type again the
program. What is the result?

Figure B.5: Graphical representation of z-transform of discrete-time signal

when 6 is replaced by 2 in the syntax a= syntax a=.7*exp(%i*%pi/6);.

OBSERVATIONS B: Z-TRANSFORMATION (Chirp z-transform Algorithm)


1. What is the used of xgetech(), xsetech and xsegs syntax in the program?
xsetech : to set graphic context values.
xgetech : to get information on the current graphic context
xsegs: draws a set of unconnected segments.
2. Compare it to the result of the ROC’s obtained from the program.
It varies depending on the syntax values.
ANSWERS TO THE REPORT:
1. How does the convolution of the given impulse response and input sequence is
obtained in procedure A?
The output convolution was obtained in procedure A by blending one function to
another which is the given impulse response and input sequence functions.
2. In what application does a chirp z-transform algorithm is used?
It can efficiently evaluate the z-transform at M points in the z-plane which lie on
circular or spiral contours beginning at any arbitrary point in the z-plane.
3. What factor determines the region of convergence (ROC) of z-transform?
The entire z-plane determines the region of convergence of the z-transform.

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