University of Mumbai

Class: B. E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester: VII

Engineering

Subject: Advanced Control Systems (Abbreviated as ACS)

Periods per Week Lecture 4

(each 60 min) Practical 2

Tutorial --
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory 3 100
Practical & Oral -- 25
Term Work -- 25
Total -- 150

Module Contents Hours

Prerequisite Modeling of linear systems, Simulation of system, System stability 1

through transient response and frequency response techniques.
Superposition theorem for differentiating linear and nonlinear
systems.

1 Nonlinear Control Systems and Analysis 20

Definition of nonlinear systems, Difference between linear and
nonlinear systems, Characteristics of nonlinear systems,
Common physical nonlinearities.
Analysis and Design of Nonlinear Control System: Phase
Plane Analysis, Phase plane method - basic concept,
trajectories, phase portrait, singular points and their
classification, limit cycle and behavior of limit cycle, Phase
plane analysis of nonlinear systems, Construction of phase
trajectories using delta method.
Describing Function Analysis (DF): Derivation of general
DF, DF for different nonlinearities, and Stability analysis of
nonlinear system: Prediction of stability of nonlinear systems
using DF method, Relay, Dead-zone, Backlash, and Saturation.
1
 Linearization Techniques: Linearization by small signal analysis
(Taylor series expansion), linearization by nonlinear feedback,
linearization by inverse nonlinearity, and Conditional stability
analysis using root locus.

2 Liyapunov Stability Analysis 12

Norms for Signals and Systems: 1, 2 & inf norms for signals
and systems
Liyapunov Stability Analysis: Stability of equilibrium state,
asymptotic stability, graphical representation, Lyapunov
stability theorems, stability analysis of linear systems,
nonlinear systems, construction of Lyapunov functions using
Krasovskii method, variable gradient method
3 Introduction to Adaptive Control System 06
Definition of adaptive control system, functions of adaptive
control, gain scheduling, model reference, series and parallel
schemes and their industrial applications.
4 Introduction to Sliding mode Control 09
Introduction, concept of variable structure control (VSC), ideal
sliding motion and chattering, switching function, reachability
condition, properties of sliding motion

Theory Examination:
1. Question paper will consist of total 7 questions of 20 marks each.
2. Only 5 questions need to be solved.
3. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
4. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
5. In question paper, weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of
respective lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus.
6. No question should be asked from the pre-requisite module

Practical and Oral Examination:

Practical and oral examination will be based on one experiment performed from the list of experiments
given in the syllabus and the oral will be based on entire subject.

Term work:

Term work consists of minimum eight experiments and a written test. The distribution of the term work
shall be as follows,

2
Laboratory work (Experiments and Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term-work ensures the satisfactory performance of laboratory
work and minimum passing in the term-work.

List of Laboratory Experiments:

1) Nonlinear Control System and Analysis
a) Construct the trajectory for system represented by second order differential equation and for
any initial condition by using Iso-cline and Delta Methods
b) Draw the trajectory for the system with nonlinear element – relay, saturation, etc. for any initial
condition and step input by using Iso-Cline and Delta Methods.
c) Study the behavior of Limit Cycle with the help of Vander Pol’s equation.
d) Derivation of DF for nonlinearities – relay with saturation, relay with dead-zone, dead-zone and
saturation, relay with Hysteresis etc.
e) Investigate the stability of system with nonlinearities – relay, saturation, dead-zone, hysteresis
and existence of limit cycle using DF technique.
2) Liyapunov Stability Analysis
a) Verify Sylvester theorem for the definiteness of the Liyapunov Function.
b) Determine the stability of the system and construct the Liyapunov function for – Linear Time
Invariant system.
c) By using Krasovskii method determine the stability of the system and construct the Liyapunov
function.
d) By using Variable Gradient method determine the stability of nonlinear system.
3) Adaptive control
Study the different schemes of adaptive control and their applications.

4) Sliding Mode Control.

a) Study the sliding modes of the system with at least two examples.
b) Study the properties of sliding motion with examples.

Books Recommended:
Text Books:

1. M. Gopal, "Modern Control System Theory", Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.
2. K. Ogata, "Modern Control Engineering", 3 ed. Prentice Hall of India (P) Ltd., New
Delhi.
3. Dr. K.P. Mohandas, “Modern Control Engineering”, revised edition, Sanguine
Publishers, Bangalore, 2006.
Reference Books:

3
 1. Gene F. Franklin, J David Powell, Abbas Emami-Naeini, “Feedback Control of Dynamic
Systems”, 5ed Pearson Educations.
2. Shankar Sastry, Marc Bodson, "Adaptive Control", Prentice Hall of India (P) Ltd., 1993.
3. John Doyle, Bruce Francis, Allen Tannenbaum, “Feedback Control Theory”.
4. Pierre R. Belanger, “Control Engineering” Saunders college Publishing.
5. Norman Nise, “Control system Engineering, 4 ed.Wiley International Edition”.
6. Christopher Edwards, Sarah K. Spurgeon, “Sliding Mode control: Theory and
Application”, 1998.
7. Karl J. Astrom, B. Wittenmark, “Adaptive Control”, 2 nd Edition, Pearson Education
Asia, First Indian Reprint, 2001
8. Stanislaw H. Zak, “Systems and Control”, Indian Edition, Oxford University Press, 2003.
University of Mumbai
Class: B.E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester: VIII
Engineering

Elective-II: Automation in Energy and Infrastructure (Abbreviated as AEI)

Periods per Week Lecture 04

(60 min. each) Practical 02

Tutorial --
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory 03 100
Oral --- 25
Term Work --- 25
Total --- 150

Module Contents Hours

1 Energy Management 3

1.1 Need for Energy Management

1.2 Impact on Environment
1.3 Energy Efficiency

4
 1.4 Role of Automation in Energy Management
2 Energy Monitoring 7

2.1 Definitions and Significance of Electrical

parameters – Current, Voltage, Frequency,
Power, Energy, Power Factor, Maximum Demand,
and Harmonics
2.2 CTs and PTs – their types and selection

Transducers for Current, Voltage, Frequency,

Power, Energy, Power Factor
2.3 Intelligent Power Monitoring Units, Relays,
Switchgear devices
2.4 RTUs, PLCs for data concentration and
processing
2.5 SCADA for Energy Monitoring
Applications in Electrical Substations, Factories,
Data Centers, and Buildings
3 Energy Audit 4

3.1 Need for Energy Audit

3.2 Methodology adopted for Energy Audit
4 Building Management Systems (BMS) 5

4.1 Scope of BMS

4.2 Difference between BMS and PCS (Process
Control System)
5 Automation of HVAC Systems 7

5.1 Major Equipments in HVAC Systems – Chillers,

Blowers, Air Handling Units, Dehumidifiers, Filters
5.2 Need for Automation in HVAC – Energy Saving,
Quality of environment
5.3 Typical HVAC parameters, their measuring
instruments, operating principles, specifications
limitations and installation practices –
Temperature, RH, Pressure and Differential
Pressure, Air Velocity
Motorized on-off valves, dampers and control
valves used in HVAC applications
5.4 Energy saving with VFDs on Pumps and Blowers
5.5 DDC/ PLCs for monitoring and control
5.6 Typical Control Schemes
5.7 SCADA for BMS
6 Fire Monitoring Systems 4

6.1 Smoke and Fire Detectors – Types and Selection

6.2 Fire Detection Systems

5
 7 Security and Surveillance 5

7.1 Access Control – Simple, Biometric, RFID,

Barcode
7.2 CCTV Systems – Types of CCTV Cameras and
their selection for different applications, CCTV
monitoring systems
8 Other BMS Topics 5

8.1 Lighting Control

8.2 Control of Elevators, Escalators
8.3 PA Systems
9 Cabling in BMS 4

9.1 Types of Cable – Signal Cables, Control Cables,

Power Cables, Bus Cables, Ethernet Cables – UTP
and Fiber Optic
9.2 Cabling Accessories – Cable Trays, Ducts,
glands, connectors,
9.3 Cable laying practices
10 BMS Application Examples 4

10.1 Shopping Malls

10.2 Hotels
10.3 Commercial Complex
10.4 Hospitals
10.5 Airports

Theory Examination:
1. Question paper will consist of total 7 questions carrying 20 marks each.
2. Only 5 questions need to be attempted.
3. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
4. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
5. In question paper, weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of respective
lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus.

Oral Examination:
Oral examination will be based on entire subject.

Term Work:

6
Term work consists of minimum six assignments, a written test and a report of visit to any one of the
sites mentioned in module No 10. The distribution of the term work shall be as follows,

Laboratory work (Experiments and Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term work ensures the satisfactory performance of
laboratory work and minimum passing in the term-work

Text Books :

1. “Engineering Manual For Automatic Control For Commercial Buildings” Honeywell, SI Edition, 1997.

2. CIBSE Guide H, “Building Control Systems”, Butterworth Hienemann.

Reference Books :

1. Reinhold A. Carlson Robert A. Di Giandomenico, “Understanding Building Automation Systems:

Direct Digital Control, Energy Management, Life Safety, Security Access Control, Lighting,
Building”, 1st edition (R.S. Means Company Ltd), (1991)
2. Levenhagen John“HVAC control system Design Diagrams”,Mcgraw Hill
3. Invensys Building systems
4. Audel HVAC Fundamentals,Vol 1

University of Mumbai
CLASS: B. E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester - VII
Engineering

7
Elective-I : Advanced Embedded Systems (abbreviated as AES)
Periods per week Lectures 04

( each of 60 minutes ) Practical 02

Tutorial ---
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory 03 100
Practical & Oral -- --
Oral -- 25
Term Work -- 25
Total -- 150

Module Contents Hours

ARM Processor 8
Introduction to ARM7 & ARM9 Architecture
1. ARM 7: ARM-THUMB mode, programming model, instruction set,
and programming. Development tools for High level language-C,
Device programming & ISP.
On-Chip Device peripherals
 RTC programming
 On-chip ADC programming for Signal Sampling
 Watchdog timer
 Timer programming- Timer / Capture mode
 Serial port programming for PC communication
 PWM Signal generation
 Idle and Power down mode
 Interrupt handling
 Frequency measurement
Interfacing with ARM based chip like LPC2129
 7 segment display, Character and Graphics LCD
 Keyboard (1 to 20) keys
SPI Interface based External DAC like MCP4921/22
 SPI Interface based External ADC like MCP3202/4/8
 IIC based Memory interface 24CXX

8
  Relay/SSR LED interfacing with and without opto-isolation.
2. 18
System Design
Instrumentation System design with ARM processor
(Instrumentation Hardware design to be at Block level only)
- Data Acquisition System with
o MMI ( Character/Graphics LCD with Keypad of 20 keys)
o 4 channel Analog Inputs
o Selectable Sampling rate
o PC based Data Logging using Serial port.
- PID Controller
o 7 segment, 4- digit Dual Display with first one for Current
parameter value and Second for Set parameter value.
o 4 Keys for PID Setting input
o One SSR/Relay output
Alarm using Buzzer, which will be reset on key press.
3. Embedded/ Real Time Operating system Concepts: 8
Definition, Embedded systems overview, System components,
Multiple process & Tasks, Task states & TCB , Task scheduler
models, Interrupt service routines, Interrupt Handling and Latency,
Inter Process Communication: Semaphores, Shared Data, Mutex,
IPC, Signals, Mail boxes, Message queue, Socket & events, pipes,
and signals.
OS Services: Process management, Memory management, timer
function, Event Functions, Device and File I/O subsystems, RTOS
Interrupt handling, Priority inversion problem. Basic Design using
RTOS.
Overview of Real time operating system: RTLinux, VxWorks,
MicroC /OS.
4. Real Time operating system 9
Application development outlines using typical RTOS - RTOS
Initialization and availing its services for application work.
Functions provided for : System Level, Task Service and Time
management, Time Delay, Memory management, Semaphore,
Mailbox, and Queue Management
5. 4
Introduction and Architecture of PAL, PLA, CPLD, FPGA.
Comparison of above devices & application areas. Advantages of
above. Introduction to development tools. Project development
cycle. Introduction of Hardware description Languages and its
Features.
Introduction to ASIC, PSOC.

9
Theory Examination:
7. Question paper will have total 7 questions of 20 marks each.
8. Only 5 questions need to be solved.
9. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
10. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
11. In question paper, weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of
respective lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus.

Oral Examination:
Oral examination will be based on entire subject.

Term work:
Term work consists of 2 application case studies, & Experiments mentioned in the Unit 2 & 4 above (Use
of RTOS is recommended wherever applicable).

A seminar presented by a group of about three students on latest state-of-the-art technologies in

Embedded systems: Processor families and trends, Embedded Devices like Digital Camera, Cruise
Controller, Mobile phone, Smartcard based Applications & Systems, Point of Sale terminals, DVD
Systems, CPLD, FPGA, VHDL, Verilog etc., Various RTOSs like VxWorks, RTLinux, pSOS, Handheld OS-
Symbian etc., Selection criteria & development tools For various processors like Cortex-M3, ARM9.

Distribution of the term work shall be as follows,

Laboratory work (Experiments, seminar & case study) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term-work ensures the satisfactory performance of laboratory
work and minimum passing in the term-work.

Text Books:
1. Rajkamal, Embedded Systems Architecture Programming and Design, McGraw Hill, Second
Edition.

10
 2. Dr. K.V.K.K.Prasad, Embedded /Real Time Systems: Concept, Design and Programming,
DreamTech Press.
3. John F. Wakerly, Digital Design Principles and Practices 4 th Edition, Pearson Prentice Hall.
Websites:
1. www.nxp.com - LPC21XX Datasheets, IIC Datasheets
2. www.atmel.com - 24CXX Dataesheets, , IIC Datasheets
3. www.microchip.com - MCP 32XX and MCP 49XX Datasheets
4. www.xilinx.com - CPLD XC9500, XC4000 Datasheets

University of Mumbai
Class: B.E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester: VII
Engineering

Subject: Biomedical Instrumentation (Abbreviated as BMI)

Periods per Week Lecture 04

(60 min. each) Practical 02

Tutorial --
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory 03 100
Oral --- 25
Term Work --- 25
Total --- 150

Module Contents Hours

1 Human Body System Overview: Structure of cell, respiratory 4

system, nervous system, nerve muscle physiology, Cardiovascular
system.

2 Cell Activity and Origin of Bio-potential: Origin of Bio-potential, 4

11
 Electrical activity of cell, Action Potential and its propagation, Origin
of EMG, EEG, ECG, ERG and EOG.

3 Measurement of Biochemical and Bioelectric potential: 4

Biochemical transducers – pH, PO 2, PCO2, Bio-potential electrodes-
electrode theory, electrode – electrolyte interface, Types of
electrodes, bio-potential amplifier and its characteristics.

4 Cardiovascular Measurements: Blood Flow, Blood Pressure, Blood 8

volume, Cardiac Output and Heart sound measurement. Oxymeter.

5 12
Diagnostic Instruments: EMG, EEG, ECG.
Therapeutic Instruments: Pacemaker, Defibrillator and Incubator.
Life support systems: Heart Lung Machine, haemodialysers, and
ventilators.
6 12
Imaging Techniques*: X-Ray Generation and X-Ray Machine, CT –
Scanning, Ultrasound Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging,
Nuclear Medicine (Gamma Camera) and their applications.
7 4
Significance of Electrical Safety: Physiological effects of electrical
current, Shock Hazards from electrical equipments and methods of
accident prevention.
*- A Hospital Visit is recommended for imaging Instruments.

Theory Examination:
6. Question paper will consist of total 7 questions carrying 20 marks each.
7. Only 5 questions need to be attempted.
8. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
9. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
10. In question paper, weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of respective
lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus.

Oral Examination:
Oral examination will be based on entire subject.

Term Work:

12
Term work consists of experiment no. 1 and minimum 4 experiments from experiment no. 2 to 9, two
assignments, report of hospital visit and a written test. The distribution of the term work shall be as
follows-

Laboratory work (Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term work ensures the satisfactory performance of
laboratory work and minimum passing in the term-work

List of Laboratory Experiments:

1. Demonstration of instruments like EMG, EEG, ECG, PPG, PCG etc.
2. Study of electrodes
3. To design and implement ECG signal conditioning along with lead fail detector, filters and
adjustable threshold detector.
4. To Design and implement asynchronous Pacemaker CKT.
5. Microprocessor based heart rate indicator.
6. ECG simulation on PC.
7. ECG simulation using microcontroller
8. To design and implement EMG quantification Circuit.
9. To design Defibrillator Circuit.

Text Books:
1) Leslie Cromwell, “Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurements”, 2 nd Edition, Pearson
Education, 1980.
2) Joseph J. Carr and John M. Brown, “Introduction to Biomedical Equipment
Technology”, PHI/Pearson Education, 4th edition, 2001.

Reference Books:
1) Richard Aston, “Principles of Biomedical Instrumentation and Instruments”, 1991.
2) John G. Webster, “Medical Instrumentation”, John Wiley and Sons, 1999.
3) R. S. Khandpur, “Biomedical Instrumentation”, TMH, 1994

13
 University of Mumbai
Class: B.E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester: VIII
Engineering

Subject : Batch Process Automation (Abbreviated as BPA)

Periods per Week Lecture 04

(60 min. each) Practical 02

Tutorial --
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory 03 100
Practical & Oral --- 25
Term Work --- 25
Total --- 150

Module Contents Hours

1 Introduction to Batch Processes 7

1.1 Types of manufacturing processes- Discrete, Batch and

Continuous ones.
1.2 Examples of Batch Process Industries
1.3 Definition and characteristics of Batch Processes
1.4 Typical Batch Process Equipments- Batch reactor, Blenders
and Mixers, Agitators, Transport Headers, Heat Exchangers,
Batch Distillation Columns, Pumps and Valves.
1.5 Typical Batch Process Operations-- Filling of Bulk
materials, Additives & Solids, Heating, Cooling and
Maintenance of Temperature, Mixing by Agitation &
Circulation.

14
 1.6 Quality Analysis

Automation Requirements of Batch Processes – Measurement,

Closed Loop Control, Sequential Control, Reporting
1.7 Role of Humans in Batch Process Control

2 ISA S88 Batch Standard 3

2.1 Introduction to ISA S88 Batch Standard

2.2 ISA S88 Physical Modeling

3 Recipes 4

3.1 Definition
3.2 Recipe Types – General, Site, Master and Control
Recipes
3.4 Recipe Content – Header, Formula, Procedure
3.5 Recipe Management
4 Batch Execution using Batch Management Software 5

4.1 Creating Master Databases – Equipment, Material

4.2 Creating Physical Model
4.3 Creating new recipes, modifying existing recipes
4.4 Downloading recipes to control system
4.5 Batch Operation
4.6 Storing of Batch Historical Data
5 Production Planning and Batch Scheduling 5

5.1 Production plan

5.2 Equipment Availability
5.3 Resource Constraints
5.4 Batch Scheduling
5.5 Batch Historical Data
6 Typical Control Schemes for Batch Processes 4

6.1 Temperature Control of Batch Reactors

6.2 Set Point Programmer
6.3 Raw Material Charging – Bulk Liquids, Solids,
Additives, and Controlled Addition(fixed flow rate)
6.4 Operation of motors and automated on-off valves
7 Control System Architectures for Batch Processes 5

7.1 Use of industrial bus networks – Asi, Devicenet,

Modbus, Profibus, Canopen, Ethernet TCP/IP
7.2 Intelligent sensors and transmitters,
Intelligent motor starters, soft starters and VFDs
7.3 Communication with third party intelligent devices
7.4 Open Architecture systems
7.5 Centralized vs. Distributed Control

15
 8 Data Analysis and Reporting 5

8.1 Real Time and Batch wise data

8.2 Historian Server – MS SQL Server
8.3 Data Analysis Clients – Excel, Web based
Types of Reports – Batch Log Sheet, Raw Material
Consumption Report, Equipment Utilization Report, Quality
Analysis Reports, Batch to Batch Analysis of KPIs
8.4 Report Formats – Tabular, Graphical, Pie Chart, Bar Chart
etc.

9 MES and Integration with ERP Systems 4

9.1 Overview of Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES)

and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems
9.2 Objectives and Benefits of MES
9.3 Overview of ISA S95 Standard “Enterprise – Control
System Integration”
9.4 Application Study of Integration with ERP System
10 Special Requirements for Pharmaceutical and Food Industries. 4

10.1 Validation requirements

10,2 GAMP Procedures

10.3 21CFR11 Compliance

Theory Examination:
11. Question paper will consist of total 7 questions carrying 20 marks each.
12. Only 5 questions need to be attempted.
13. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
14. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
15. In question paper weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of respective
lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus.

Practical and Oral Examination:

Practical examination will be based on one experiment performed from the list of experiments given
below and the oral will be based on entire subject.

16
Term Work:
Term work consists of minimum 8 experiments, written test, report of industrial visit to pharmaceutical
or food processing industry and object oriented visit to systems integrator. The distribution of the term
work shall be as follows,

Laboratory work (Experiments and Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term work ensures the satisfactory performance of
laboratory work and minimum passing in the term-work

List of Practical Experiments:

1. Charging of Liquid Raw Materials – By Flow meter, Level and Load cell based weighing system
2. Study of Temperature Control of a Batch Reactor
3. Study of set point programmer, heating, cooling and temperature maintenance
4. Remote operation of motors and valves
5. Preparing a Plant Model based on ISA S88
6. Writing a recipe for a batch process
7. Programming a batch sequence in PLC/ DCS
8. Study of Batch Reports
9. Running a typical batch process using PLC/ DCS on the Batch Reactor set up
10. Comparison of actual batch parameters with standard.

Text Books:
1. Thomos Fisher, “Batch Control Systems, Design, Application and Implementation”, ISA.
2. ISA S88 Standards Booklet
3. Bela G. Liptak “Instrument engineers handbook- Process control” Chilton book company- 3 rd
edition.

University of Mumbai
Class: B. E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester: VIII
Engineering

Elective-II: Digital Control System (DCS)

Periods per Week Lecture 4
Practical 2
17
(each 60 min)
Tutorial --
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory Examination 3 100
Oral Examination -- 25
Term Work -- 25
Total -- 150

Module Contents Hours

1 Introduction 02
Block diagram of Digital Control System, Advantages & limitations of
Digital Control System, comparison of continuous data & discrete
data control system, Examples of digital control system.

2 Signal conversion and processing 08

Digital signal coding, data conversion and quantization, sampling
period considerations, sampling as impulse modulation, sampled
spectra & aliasing, Reconstruction of analog signals, zero order hold,
first order hold, frequency domain characteristics, principles of
discretization- impulse invariance, finite difference approximation
of derivatives, rectangular rules for integration, Bilinear
transformation, Mapping between s-plane & z-plane.

3 Representation of digital control system 04

Linear difference equations, pulse transfer function, input-
output model, examples of first order continuous and discrete
time systems, Signal flow graph applied to digital control
systems.
4 Stability of digital control system in z-domain and Time 08
domain analysis
Jury’s method, R.H. criteria, Comparison of time response of
continuous data and digital control system, steady state analysis of
digital control system, Effect of sampling period on transient
response characteristics.

5 State space analysis 18

Discrete time state equations, significance of Eigen values &

18
 Eigen vectors, first and second companion form,
Diagonalisation, Jordan Canonical form, similarity
transformation, state transition matrix, solution of discrete time
state equation, Discretization of continuous state space model
& its solution.
Liyapunov stability analysis, definitions, theorem, concept of
equilibrium state.

6 Pole placement and observer designs 08

Concept of reachability, Controllability, Constructability &
Observability, Design of controller via Pole placement method, state
observer design, dead beat controller design, concept of duality.

Theory Examination:
12. Question paper will consist of total 7 questions carrying 20 marks each.
13. Only 5 questions need to be solved.
14. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
15. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
16. In question paper, weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of
respective lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus
17. No question should be asked from the pre-requisite module

Oral Examination:
Oral examination will be based on entire subject.

Term work:
Term work consists of minimum eight experiments and a written test. The distribution of the term work
shall be as follows,

Laboratory work (Experiments and Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term-work ensures the satisfactory performance of laboratory
work and minimum passing in the term-work.

List of Laboratory Experiments:

1. Determine the range of sampling period for stability of the system.

19
2. Effect of dead time on system performance.

3. To determine response of zero order hold and first order hold using simulink of MATLAB.

4. Mapping from S- plane to Z-plane analytically and verification using MATLAB or any other suitable
software.

5. Discretization of continuous data system using i) Step invariance method, ii) Impulse invariance
method, and iii) Bilinear transformations, analytically and verification using MATLAB or any other
suitable software.

6. To represent given system in different canonical forms, analytically and verification using MATLAB or
any other suitable software.

7. To determine pulse transfer function of a given system analytically and its verification using MATLAB
or any other suitable software.

8. Determination of state transition matrix analytically and its verification using MATLAB or any other
suitable software.

9. To check controllability and observability of a given system analytically and verify the result using
MATLAB or any other software.

10. To plot pole-zero map of a discrete system and comment on response and stability.

11. To design the controller using –

i) Transform method

ii) Ackerman’s Formula

Analytically and verification using MATLAB or any other suitable software.

12. To design an observer using –

i) Transform method

ii) Ackerman’s Formula

Analytically and verification using MATLAB or any other suitable software.

13. To design deadbeat controller and observer using any method analytically and verification using
MATLAB or any other suitable software.

14. To check stability of given system using Lyapunov theorem.

Note: The above list is only indicative of possible experiments. Faculty may choose other experiments as
well. Care should be taken that the entire syllabus is uniformly covered by the experiments.

20
Text Books:

4. M. Gopal, "Digital Contol and State Variable Methods", Tata McGraw Hill, 2nd Edition,
March 2003.
5. K. Ogata, "Discrete Time Control Systems", Pearson Education Inc., 1995.
6. B.C. Kuo, "Digital Control Systems", Saunders College Publishing, 1992.

Reference Books:
1. Richard J. Vaccaro, "Digital Control", McGraw Hill Inc., 1995.
2. Ashish Tewari, "Modern Control System Design with MATLAB", John Wiley, Feb.
2002.
3. Joe H. Chow, Dean K. Frederick, "Discrete Time Control Problems using MATLAB",
Thomson Learning, 1st Edition, 2003.
4. Eronini Umez, "System Dynamics and Control", Thomson Learning, 1999.
5. Franklin Powel, "Digital Control of Dynamic Systems", Pearson Education, 3rd Edition,
2003.
6. Digital Control Systems vol. I & II - Isermann, Narosa publications

University of Mumbai
Class: B.E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester: VII

Elective-I: Expert Systems (Abbreviated as ES)

Periods per Week Lecture 04

(60 min. each) Practical 02

Tutorial --
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory 03 100
Oral --- 25

21
 Term Work --- 25
Total --- 150

Module Contents Hours

1 Introduction to Expert System 3

What are Expert Systems, Features of Expert System, features of

good Expert System, Role of human in Expert System, Expert
System organization, Difference between expert system and
conventional program, Basic activities of expert system and the
areas in which they solve problems, Prospector systems-features,
working

2 Expert System Tools 7

Knowledge representation in expert systems-using rules semantic

nets, frames, Types of tools available for expert system building and
how they are used, Stages in the development of expert system
tools, Examples of knowledge engineering

3 Building an Expert Systems 4

Necessary requirements for expert systems development,

Justification for expert system development, Task in building expert
systems, Stages of expert system development, Choosing a tool for
building expert system, Acquiring knowledge from the experts,
Examples of the expert system-building process, Examples of
expert system used in different areas

4 Difficulties in developing an expert system 5

Common pitfalls in-planning an expert system, Scaling with the

domain expert during development process.

5 Neural Network Introduction 7

Biological neural networks-neuron physiology, eye’s neural

network, Artificial neuron models, Neural net architecture
(Topologies), Learning in ANN, Characteristics of ANN

22
 6 Supervised Learning 6

Single layer networks-perceptrons, Linear separability, Perceptron

training algorithm, Modifications multi-layer network-multi-layer
discrimination, back propagation algorithm, Classification using
back propagation algorithm, Application of back propagation
algorithm, Adaptive multiplier networks-algorithm, boosting,
prediction network, radial basis functions

7 Unsupervised Learning 5

Winner-take all networks, Learning vector quantiser, Co-inter

propagation networks, Adaptive response theory

8 Associative Networks 5

Non-interactive procedures for association, Hopfield networks,

Optimization using Hopfield networks, Brain state in a box network,
Boltzmann machines, Hetero associators

9 Fuzzy Logic 6

Propositional logic, Membership functions, Fuzzy logic,

Fuzzy rule generation, De-fuzzification, Time dependent fuzzy
logic, Temporal fuzzy logics, Case study-to use fuzzy logic for
processes control problem

Theory Examination:
16. Question paper will consist of total 7 questions carrying 20 marks each.
17. Only 5 questions need to be attempted.
18. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
19. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
20. In question paper, weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of respective
lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus.

Oral Examination:
Oral examination will be based on entire subject.

Term Work:

23
Term work consists of minimum six experiments/assignments and a written test. The distribution of the
term work shall be as follows,

Laboratory work (Experiments and Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term work ensures the satisfactory performance of
laboratory work and minimum passing in the term-work

Text Books:
1. Stamatios V. Kartalopolous, “Understanding Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic”, PHI Pvt Ltd.

2. Kishan Mehrotra, “Elements of ANN”, 2nd Editon, Penram International Publishing (I) Pvt. Ltd.

Reference Books:
1. Donald A. Waterman, “A Guide to Expert Systems”, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.

University of Mumbai
Class: B.E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester-VII
Engineering

Elective-I : Fiber Optic Instrumentation (Abbreviated as FOI)

Periods per Week Lecture 04

(each 60 min) Practical 02

Tutorial --
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory 3 100
Oral -- 25
Term Work -- 25
Total -- 150

24
 Module Contents Hours

1 Introduction to Optical Fiber Communication : 08

Elements of an Optical Fiber Transmission link., Optical Fiber

modes, and configurations, Single mode fibers, Fiber materials,
Fiber fabrication, Fiber Optics – basic characteristics, sensors – basic
principle and operational details.

Holography: principles, holographic recording and readout devices,

its application. Optical signal processing – Fourier optics, optical
applications

2 Optoelectronics: Light sources- LED, Laser Diodes. Optical detectors, 06

their characterization. Light source- linearity, Reliability
considerations. Opto-isolators: their characteristics, advantages
and limitations. Lasers-theory, types, characteristics.

3 POWER LAUNCHING & COUPLING: Sources to Fiber power 06

launching, Lensing schemes for coupling improvement, Fiber to
fiber joints, LED coupling to single mode fibers, Fiber splicing,
Optical Fiber connectors.

4 PHOTODETECTOR: Physical principles of photo diodes, Photo 04

detector noise, Detector response time, Avalanche multiplication
noise, Temperature effect on avalanche gain.

5 WDM Concepts & Components: Operational principle of WDM, 04

Passive components, Tunable sources, Tunable filters.

6 OPTICAL NETWORKS : Basic networks, SONET / SDH, Broadcast and 04

select WDM networks, Wave length routed networks, Non linear
effects on network performance, Performance of WDM +EDFA
systems, Optical CDMA, Ultra high capacity networks.

7 MEASUREMENTS APPLICATIONS : Measurement Standards & Test 08

Procedure Test equipments, Attenuation

Measurement, Dispersion measurement, Distance measurement,

Flow measurement, Level measurement, Pressure and Vibration
measurement, Endoscopy, Holography.

8 REMOTE SENSING : Parameters of a Sensors, Definition : 08

25
 Components of Remote sensing – Energy, sensor, interacting Body,
Active & passive Remote sensing – platforms—Aerial & space
platforms--Balloons, Helicopter, Aircraft & satellites – Synoptivity
and Receptivity--Electro Magnetic Radiation ( EMR )

- EMR spectrum--visible, Infra Red (IR), Near IR, Middle IR, Thermal
IR & Microwave-Black body radiation-plank’s Law- Stefan-Boltzman
Law.

Theory Examination:
18. Question paper will have total 7 questions of 20 marks each.
19. Only 5 questions need to be solved.
20. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
21. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
22. In question paper, weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of
respective lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus
23. No question should be asked from the pre-requisite module

Oral Examination:
Oral examination will be based on entire subject.

Term work:
Term work consists of minimum eight experiments and a written test. The distribution of the term work
shall be as follows,

Laboratory work (Experiments and Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term-work ensures the satisfactory performance of laboratory
work and minimum passing in the term-work.

List of Laboratory Experiments:

1) To plot spectral response characteristics of photodiode

2) To plot spectral response characteristics of photo transistor

3) To plot intensity response of photo diode

26
4) To plot intensity response of phototransistor.

5) Study of Fiber optic communication set-up.

6) Numerical aperture measurement of optical fiber.

7) Displacement measurement by fiber optic sensor.

8) Data communication by optical fiber.

9) Characteristics of opto- coupler

Text Books:
1. “Fiber optics – communication”, Gerd Keiser.
2. “Integrated circuits and semiconductor devices theory and application” Deboo Burrous, McGraw
Hill Second Edition.

Recommended Books:
1. “Opto Electronics – An Introduction”, J.Wilson J.F.B.Hawkes, Prentice Hall of India New Delhi.
1996.

2. “Optical fiber communications principles and practice”, J.M. senior Prentice Hall of India , Second
Edition 1996

4. “Fiber optics - communication and other application”, H. Zanger and Zanger McGraw Pub

5. “Optical fiber systems, Tecnology, Design & Application”, Kao C.K.,McGraw Hill.

7. “Introduction to optical fibers”, Cherin, McGraw Hill.

8. “Text book on optical fiber Communication & it’s application” S.C.Gupta (PHI)

9. “Basics of Remote Sensing & GIS”, By: Dr. S. Kumar ( Laxmi publications )

University of Mumbai
CLASS: B. E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester - VII

27
 Engineering
Elective-I: Image Processing (Abbreviated as IP)
Periods per week Lectures 04

( each of 60 minutes ) Practical 02

Tutorial ---
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory 03 100
Oral -- 25
Term Work -- 25
Total -- 150

Module Contents Hours

04
Introduction: Definition of image, generation of image, steps in
image processing, elements of digital image processing systems,
6.
image enhancements, restoration and analysis.
7. Digital Image Fundamentals: Elements of visible perception, image 04
model, sampling and quantization, relationships between pixels,
imaging geometry.
8. Image Transforms: Introduction to D.F.T., 2-D.F.T., F.F.T., other 08
seperable image transforms (walsh, hadamard, discrete cosine, haar, slant,
KL)
9. Image Enhancements: Point operations, histogram modeling, spatial 06
filtering-smoothing, sharpening, low pass, high pass, homomorphic
filtering.
10. 08
2-D systems and mathematical preliminaries: Introduction and
definitions, matrix theory, random signals, spectral density function,
results from estimation and information theory.
11. Image Restoration: Image observation models, inverse and wiener 08
filtering, F.I.R. wiener filters, filtering using image transforms, least
squares filters, generalized inverse, S.V.D. and interactive methods,
recursive filtering, causal models, digital processing of speckle
images, maximum entropy restoration.

28
 12. Image Segmentation: Detection of discontinuities, age linking and 05
boundary detection, thresholding region oriented segmentation, use of
motion in segmentation.
13. Image Data Compression: Introduction, pixel coding, predictive 05
techniques (PCM, DPCM, etc), transform coding theory of images,
hybrid coding and vector DPCM.

Theory Examination:
24. Question paper will consist of total 7 questions of 20 marks each.
25. Only 5 questions need to be solved.
26. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
27. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
28. In question paper, weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of
respective lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus.

Oral Examination:
Oral examination will be based on entire syllabus.

Term work: Term work consists of minimum eight experiments and a written test. The distribution of
the term work shall be as follows,

Laboratory work (Experiments and Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term-work ensures the satisfactory performance of laboratory
work and minimum passing in the term-work.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Program for 2-D convolution.
2. Image rotation scaling and translation.
3. Program for 2-D correlation.
4. Program for 2-D F.F.T.
5. Program for Discrete cosine transform.
6. Program for K L transform.
7. Program for Histogram equalization & Histogram specification.
8. Program for Mask operation (Spatial filtering).
9. Program for edge detection.

29
10. Program for Thresholding.
11. Function for determining boundary descriptors, like boundary length and curvature.

Text Books:

1. R. C. Gonzalez, “Image Processing” Pearson Education 2 nd edition, 1999.

2. A. K. Jain, “Fundamental of Digital Image Processing”, PHI 2 nd edition, 1995.

3. W. K. Pratt, “Digital Image Processing”, John Wiley and Sons, 1994.

Reference Books:
1) C. Phillips, “Image Processing in C”, BPB Publication, 1995.
2) B. Chanda, D. Dutta Majumdar, “Digital Image processing”, PHI, 2000.
3) Emmauel C. Ifeachor and Barry W. Jervis, “Digital Signal Processing”, Pearson Education, 2 nd
edition, 2000.
4) Don Pearson, “Image Processing” (The ESSEX series in Telecommunication and information
systems, McGraw Hill International ELTL engg. series), 1991.
5) Johnny Johnson, ”Introduction to DSP”, PHI – 1996.
6) Proakis, “DSP” , PHI 1997.
7) Rabnier Gold, “Theory and Application of DSP”, PHI, 1996.
8) Milan Sonka, Vaclav Hlavac, “Image Processing analysis and machine vision”,
Thomson Learning, 2nd edition, 1999.
University of Mumbai
Class: B.E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester: VII
Engineering

Subject: Industrial Process Control (Abbreviated as IPC)

Periods per Week Lecture 04

(60 min.each) Practical 02

Tutorial ---
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory 03 100
Oral --- 25

30
 Term Work --- 25
Total --- 150

Module Contents Hours

01 Introduction: 02

Review of all strategies for process control, SISO, MIMO, ISA

symbols.

02 Control System for Heat transfer unit operations: 13

Heat exchangers: classification as per fluid flow arrangement and

construction, feedback, feed-forward, bypass control.

Furnace control: Start- up heaters, fired re-boilers, process and

safety controls.
Evaporator control: Types of Evaporator and multiple effect
evaporator, control systems for Evaporator including selective
control, steady state model for Evaporator.

Boiler controls: Temperature and Pressure control of steam,

Combustion control, Drum level control, Furnace draft control,
safety interlocks and Burner Management System.

03 Control System for Heat and mass transfer unit operations 12

Distillation column: Basic principle, Batch and continuous
distillation, accessories, Distillation column control strategies.

Crystallizers: Super-saturation methods, Process of crystallization,

types of crystallizer, control of evaporating crystallizer, cooling
crystallizers, vacuum crystallizers.

Dryer control: Process of drying, types of dryer- Tray, fluidized bed,

rotary, and spray, and their control strategies.

Reactor control: Reactor characteristics, runaway reaction, various

31
 schemes of temperature control of reactors.

04 Control system for compressor: 03

Classification, Phenomenon of Surge, Methods of capacity control

for compressors.

05 Process control for Industries: 14

Continuous Process Industries: Refinery Industry: Process flow

diagram, separation, treatment-Hydro-desulphurization unit,
conversion methods- Fluid Catalytic Cracking, blending.

Iron and steel Industry: Process flow diagram, its Instrumentation.

Batch Process Industries: Overview of food processing &

pharmaceutical industries and the same to be studied with
reference to following aspects

1.Charging of Raw Materials

2.Heating/cooling using different utilities

3.Milti product recipe management

4.Reports

06 Safety in Instrumentation control systems: 04

Area and material classification as per IEC and NEC standard,

techniques used to reduce explosion hazards, intrinsic safety, and
installation of intrinsically safe systems.

Theory Examination:
29. Question paper will consist of total 7 questions carrying 20 marks each.
30. Only 5 questions need to be solved.
31. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
32. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
33. In question paper, weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of
respective lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus

Oral Examination:
Oral examination will be based on entire subject.

32
Term work:
Term work consists of minimum six assignments/experiments, written test and report of Industrial Visit.
Industrial visit consists of

I) Process Flow Diagram From any of the industries listed above.

II) Process and Control Simulation on Distillation Column, Heat Exchanger etc
The distribution of the term work shall be as follows,

Laboratory work (Experiments and Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term-work ensures the satisfactory performance of laboratory
work and minimum passing in the term-work.

Text Books :

1. W.L.McCabe and Julian Smith “Unit operation and chemical engineering” Tata
McGrawHill- fifth edition.
2. Bela G. Liptak “Instrument engineers handbook- Process control” Chilton book

company- 3rd edition.

3. Bela G. Liptak “Instrumentation in the processing industries” Chilton book company-1st edition.

Reference Books :

1) M. Chidambaram, “Complete Control of Processes”, Narosa Publishing House.

2) Douglas M. Concidine “ Process industrial instruments and controls handbook”
Mc-GrawHill- 4th edition.

3) George T. Austin “Shreve’s chemical process industries” Mc-GrawHill- fifth edition.

4) George Stephenopoulos, “Chemical process control”, PHI-1999.
5) David Lindsey, “Power Plant control and instrumentation – control of boilers HRSG”, Institution of
Engineering and Technology.
6) G.F. Gilman “Boiler Control Systems Engineering”, 2005, ISA Publication.

33
 University of Mumbai
Class: B.E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester: VIII
Engineering
Subject: Instrumentation Project Documentation and Execution(abbreviated as
IPDE)
Periods per Week Lecture 04

(60 min. each) Practical 02

Tutorial ---
Hours Marks
Evaluation Theory 03 100
System
Oral --- 25
Term Work --- 25
Total -- 150

Module Contents Hours

1 The Project: Introduction, predictability, structure, flow and 8
deliverables, Project Planning, Scheduling and Procurement methods
and procedures.

2 The Project Team: Customer, designer and constructer 2

34
3 Documents to be designed. 18
1. Piping and Instrumentation diagrams (P&ID) - General description,
purpose, contents and practical applications.

2. Instrument Index Sheet

3. Instrument specifications sheet- for temperature, pressure, level,

flow instruments and control valves.

4.Instrument Location Plan

5.Cable and Tray Routing

6.Cable Schedule

7. JB Schedule

8. Air header schedule

9. Instrument Hook- up diagrams

10. BoM for erection

11. Loop diagrams- pneumatic, electronic and digital data types.

12.DCS/ SCADA graphics

13. Logic diagrams.

4 Systems Integration: Division of labor, control logic 8

specification, HMI specification Development, System
Architecture Design, Network single line diagram generation,
Other tasks like control system cabinet design, I/O address
assignment (Partitioning)-Hardware & software address, System
testing, Factory acceptance test (FAT), Site acceptance test(SAT),
commissioning, Operations and maintenance(O&M) manual, and
onsite training.
8
Installation Practices- cable laying (cable trays, cable types, cable
5.
glands), tubing, instrument installation, loop checking, calibration,
testing and commissioning Procedures.

Standards used in instrumentation project: ISA, ANSI, & NFPA.

35
6. Advantages of using software packages for documentation. Survey of 4
documentation software packages used in industry viz Intools, EPlan
etc.

Theory Examination:
21. Question paper will consist of total 7 questions carrying 20 marks each.
22. Only 5 questions need to be attempted.
23. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
24. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
25. In question paper, weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of respective
lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus.

Oral Examination:
Oral examination will be based on entire subject and visits.

Term Work:
Term work consists of a written test and following tasks:

1. Case study documents on AutoCAD

2. Visit to engineering consulting organizations like Uhde, KPG, Jacob Engg., Mod Mcdonald etc.

3. Survey of commercial software for documentation and study their special features e.g. INTOOLS,
Auto-studio, Smart Plant Automation, Eplan.

4. Study of ISA standard Specification Sheet such as transducer, transmitter, controller and control valve.

5. Study of Planning and Scheduling software like MS project.

36
The distribution of the term work shall be as follows,

Laboratory work (Experiments and Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

Text Books:

1. Andrew Williams, “Applied instrumentation in the process industries”, 2 nd Edition, Vol. 2, Gulf
publishing company.
2. Whitt, Michael D., “Successful Instrumentation and Control Systems Design”, ISA Publication.
3. Thomas McAvinew and Raymond Mulley, “Control System Documentation”, 2 nd Edition, ISA
Publication.

Reference Books:

1. NJATC, “Basics of Instrumentation”, Cengage Learning.

2. Chinttan, Hiral Shah,” Project planning and Engineering”, Chinttan Publication

University of Mumbai

37
Class: B.E Branch: Instrumentation Semester: VIII
Engineering
Subject: Instrument & System Design(abbreviated as ISD)
Periods per Week Lecture 04

(60 min.each) Practical 02

Tutorial ---
Hours Marks
Evaluation Theory 03 100
System
Oral --- 25
Term Work --- 25
Total -- 150

Module Contents Hours

1 Design of Transducers: 05

An overview of static and dynamic performance characteristics of

instruments. Selection criteria for flow, temperature, level, and pressure
transducers. Design considerations for transducers such as
thermocouple, RTD, orifice plates, Calibration and installation procedure
for thermocouple and RTD,.

2 Design of Instrument Air Systems: 03

Quality of instrument air, Sizing criteria. Air supply source, compressor
systems. Air distribution system. Control room air supply and air
handling. Air dryers.

3 Design of Control Valve: 16

Review of flow equations. Valve selection and sizing for liquid service, gas
or vapor service, flashing liquids, mixed phase flow. Control valve noise.

38
 Control valve cavitations. Actuator sizing. Design of safety relief valves
and rupture discs.

4 Control Panel Design: 08

Panel selection-size, type, construction and IP classification. GA

Diagrams, Power wiring and distribution, Typical wiring diagrams for
AI,DI,AO,DO,RTD, and T/C modules. Earthing scheme. Panel ventilation,
cooling and illumination. Operating consoles- ergonomics. Wiring
accessories- ferules, lugs, PVC ducts, spiral etc. Wire sizes and color
coding. Packing, Pressurized panels- X, Y, and Z Purging for installation in
hazardous areas. Ex-proof panels.

5 Electronic product design: 04

System Engineering, ergonomics, phases involved in electronic

product design.
6 Reliability engineering: 03

Reliability concepts, bath tub curve, MTTF, MTBF, and MTTR. Quality and
reliability. Causes of failures. Availability and Maintainability.
Redundancy and redundant systems.

7 Control Room Design: Layout and environment. 04

8 Enclosure Design : 05

Packing and enclosures design guidelines, Grounding and shielding, front

panel and cabinet design of an electronic product.

Theory Examination:

26. Question paper will consist of total 7 questions carrying 20 marks each.
27. Only 5 questions need to be attempted.
28. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
29. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
30. In question paper weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of respective
lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus.

Oral Examination:

Oral examination will be based on entire subject.

39
Term Work:

Term work consists of minimum six assignments and written test. The distribution of the term work shall
be as follows,

Laboratory work (Experiments and Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term work ensures the satisfactory performance of
laboratory work and minimum passing in the term-work

Text Books :

4. Bela G. Liptek, “Instrument Engineer’s Hand Book – Process Control”, Chilton Company, 3 rd Edition,
1995.
5. Andrew Williams, “Applied instrumentation in the process industries”, 2 nd Edition, Vol. 1 & 3, Gulf
publishing company.
Reference Books :

1. R. W. Zape, “Valve selection hand book third edition”, Jaico publishing house,

2. Les Driskell, “Control valve sizing”, ISA.

3. Curtis Johnson, “Process Control Instrumentation Technology”, PHI /Pearson Education 2002.

4. Kim R Fowler, “Electronic Instrument Design”, Oxford University- 1996.

5. Manual on product design: IISc C.E.D.T.

6. Harshvardhan, “Measurement Principles and Practices”, Macmillan India Ltd-1993

7. Balaguruswamy E, “Reliability”, Tata Mc Graw-Hill Pub.co. New Delhi, 1999.

8. Mourad Samiha & Zorian Yervant,”Principles of Testing Electronic Systems”,New York. John Wiley &
Sons, 2000.
9. Lewis E E,”Introduction to Reliability Engineering(2nd)”, New York. John Wiley & Sons, 1996.

40
10. Anand M S, ”Electronic Instruments And Instrumentation Technology”, New Delhi. Prentice Hall Of
India, 2004.

11. Ott H W,”Noise Reduction Techniques In Electronic System. ,”(2) John Wiley & Sons New York, 1988.

University of Mumbai
Class: B.E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester: VIII
Engineering

Elective-II: Nuclear Instrumentation (abbreviated as NI)

Periods per Week Lecture 04

(60 min. each) Practical 02

Tutorial ---
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory 03 100
Oral -- 25
Term Work --- 25
Total --- 150

Module Contents Hours

1 Radioactivity : General Properties of Nucleus, Radioactivity ,Nature 08

of Nuclear Radiation’s, Characteristic properties of radioactive

radiation’s, Properties of Alpha, Beta, and Gamma rays, Natural and
artificial radio-activity. Radioactivity Laws, Half life period,
radioactive series, Isotopes and Isobars, Various effects-
photoelectric, Compton scattering and pair production, stopping
power and range of charged nuclear particles.

41
2 Radiation detectors : Techniques for weak signal detection, 08

Detectors for Alpha, beta and gamma rays, Detector classification –

Ionization chamber, Regions of multiplicative operation,
Proportional counter, Geiger Muller counter-volt ampere
characteristics, Designing features, Scintillation detectors
(Photomultiplier tube- types, dark currents, scintillators, pulse
resolving power) , efficiency of detection, SNR improvement, Solid
state detectors ( Lithium ion drifted - Si-Li, Ge-Li, Diffused junction,
surface barrier)

3 Electronics and Counting systems : Pre-amp., main amplifiers, 08

Discriminators, Scalars and count rate meters, Pulse shaping, pulse

stretchers, Coincidence circuits, photon counting system block
diagram, factors influencing resolution of gamma energy spectrum,
Energy resolution in radiation detectors, single and multichannel
analyzers (MCA),pulse height analyzers (PHA).

4 Application in Medicines: Gamma camera- design, block diagram, 10

medical usage. Radiation uptake studies- block diagram and design

features. Nuclear Instrumentation for health care, Radiation
Personnel Health Monitors like neutron monitors, Gamma
Monitors, Tritium monitors, Iodine monitors and PARA (particulate
activity radiation alarms).

5 Applications in Industry: 14

Basic Nuclear Instrumentation system- block diagram, Nuclear

Instrumentation for laboratory. Personal monitors like Thermo
Luminescence Detectors (TLD), Dosimeters, Tele-detectors,
which are used to assess the radiation exposure to the radiation
plant workers. Nuclear Instrumentation for power reactor.
Nuclear Instrumentation for Toxic fluid tank level measurement,
Underground Piping Leak detection, weighing, thickness gauges,

42
 water content measurement etc. Agriculture applications like
food irradiation.

Theory Examination:
34. Question paper will consist of total 7 questions carrying 20 marks each.
35. Only 5 questions need to be attempted.
36. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
37. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
38. In question paper, weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of
respective lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus.

Oral Examination:
Oral examination will be based on entire subject.

Term work:

Term work consists of minimum three experiments (from the list given below) and ten assignments
based on entire subject. The distribution of the term work shall be as follows,

The distribution of the term work shall be as follows,

Laboratory work (Experiments / Journal / Assignments) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term-work ensures the satisfactory performance of laboratory
work and minimum passing in the term-work.

List of Experiments

Experiment No.1: Study of GM Counter Pulses

Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to familiarize oneself with typical output pulses of a GM
counting system. The fact that the pulse height increases with increasing voltage through different
regions (ionization, proportionality etc) and is roughly constant in the Geiger region including that pulse
height is the same regardless of the energy or character of incident radiation.

43
Experiment No.2: Study of the V-I characteristics of a GM Counting System.

Purpose: To study the variations of count rate with applied voltage and thereby determine the plateau
region, operating voltage and slop of plateau.

Experiment No.3: To study the Gamma Ray Spectrometer.

Purpose: The purpose is to understand the functioning and working of Spectrometer.

Experiment No.4: To obtain the spectrum of Gamma emitting isotope Cs 137 by using scintillator
spectrometer.

Experiment No.5: To obtain the spectrum of Gamma emitting isotope Co 60 by using scintillator
spectrometer.

Experiment No.6: To study the energy calibration of Spectrometer and analysis of the energy of
unknown Gamma source.

Text Books:

1. G. F. Knoll, “Radiation Detection & Measurement”, 2 nd edition, John Wiley & Sons, 1998.
2. P.W.NICHOLSON, “Nuclear Electronics”, John Wiley, 1998.
3. S. S. Kapoor & V. S. Ramamurthy, “Nuclear Radiation Detectors”, Wiley Eastern Limited, 1986.

Reference Books:

1. Gaur & Gupta, “Engineering Physics”, Danpat Rai & Sons, 2001.
2. Irvin Kaplan, “Nuclear Physics”, Narosa, 1987.
3. M.N.Avdhamule & P.G.Kshirsagar, “Engineering Physics”,
S.Chand & Co., 2001.

4. R. M. Singru, “Introduction to Experimental Nuclear Physics", Wiley Eastern

Pvt. Ltd., 1974.

5. Hand Book of Nuclear Medical Instruments, TMH Publishing New Delhi,

1974.

University of Mumbai
Class: B. E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester: VIII

44
 Engineering
Elective-II: Optimal and Robust Control Systems (Abbreviated as ORCS)
Periods per Week Lecture 4

(each 60 min) Practical 2

Tutorial -
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory Examination 3 100
Oral Examination -- 25
Term Work -- 25
Total -- 150

Module Contents Hours

Prerequisite Partial differentiation, gradient and gradient vector, solving 01

differential equations of multi-order, integral calculus etc.

1 Introduction: The basic concepts of optimal control, formulation of 02

optimal control problem, performance criteria.

2 Parameter Optimization: parameter optimization for servo systems 05

(tracking problem), optimal control problem using transfer function
approach for continuous and discrete time control system, output
regulator problem.

3 Linear Regulators: Linear quadratic regulator problem, Derivation 10

of Riccati equation for continuous and discrete time systems. State
regulator, output regulator and tracking regulator problem for
continuous and discrete time control system with examples.

4 Dynamic Programming: Principles of optimality, derivation of 10

Hamilton – Jacobi - Bellman equation, Application of optimal
control via dynamic programming for continuous and discrete time
systems.

5 Calculus of Variation: Minimization of functions, minimization of 14

45
 functionals, fixed end point and variable end point problems,
formulation of variational calculus problem using Hamiltonian
method.

6 Introduction to Robust Control System 06

Robust control system and system sensitivity, analysis of
robustness, systems with uncertain parameters. Types of
uncertainties: additive and multiplicative with examples.
Design of robust control systems using worse case polynomial
and Routh-Hurwitz criteria.

Theory Examination:
39. Question paper will comprise of total 7 questions, each of 20 marks.
40. Only 5 questions need to be solved.
41. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
42. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
43. In question paper, weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of
respective lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus
44. No question should be asked from the pre-requisite module

Oral Examination:
Oral examination will be based on assignments on each Module given in the syllabus and the oral will be
based on entire subject.

Term work:
Term work consists of minimum eight experiments/assignments and a written test. The distribution of
the term work shall be as follows,

Laboratory work (Experiments and Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term-work ensures the satisfactory performance of laboratory
work and minimum passing in the term-work.

46
Assignments: Each student shall perform at least 08 assignments based on the above syllabus. Out
of which at least Four assignments must be performed by using simulation software like
MATHCAD/MATLAB/SCILAB.

Books Recommended:
Text Books:

D. Kirk, “Optimal Control – An Introduction”, Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliff, N. J., 1970.
M. Gopal, “Modern Control System Theory”, Wiley Eastern, 1982.
Anderson B. D. O. and J. B. Moore, “Linear Optimal Control”, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliff, N. J., 1971.
R.C. Dorf, R.H. Bishop, "Modern Control Systems", 8th Edition, Addison Wesley, 1999.

Reference Book:

1) Athens and Faib, “Optimal Control”.

2) Petros A. Joannou and Jing Sun, “Robust Adaptive Control”, Prentice Hall Inc, 1996.

University of Mumbai
Class: B.E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester: VII
Engineering

Subject: Process Automation( Abbreviated as PA)

Periods per Week Lecture 04

(60 min. each) Practical 02

Tutorial --
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory 03 100
Oral --- 25
Term Work --- 25
Total --- 150

47
Module Contents Hours

01 Automation Fundamentals 04

1.1 Automation and its importance, automation applications,

expectations of automation.
1.2 Types of plant and control – categories in industry, open loop
and close loop control functions, continuous processes,
discrete processes, and mixed processes.
1.3 Automation hierarchy – large control system hierarchy, data
quantity & quality and hierarchical control.
1.4 Control system architecture – evolution and current trends,
comparison of different architectures.

02 Programmable Logic Controller 12

Hardware

2.1 Evolution of PLC, Definition, functions of PLC, Advantages,

Architecture, working of PLC, Scan time, Types & Specifications.

2.2 DI-DO-AI-AO examples and ratings, I/O modules, local and

remote I/O expansion, special purpose modules, wiring diagrams of
different I/O modules, communication modules,

2.3 Memory & addressing- memory organization (system memory

and application memory), I/O addressing, hardware to software
interface.

Software

2.4 Development of Relay Logic Ladder Diagram, introduction to

PLC Programming, programming devices, IEC standard PLC
programming languages, LD programming- basic LD instructions,
PLC Timers and Counters: Types and examples, data transfer &
program control instructions, advanced PLC instructions, PID
Control using PLC.

Case study:

2.5 PLC selection and configuration for any one process

applications.

48
03 Distributed Control system : 12

3.1 Introduction to DCS – Evolution of DCS, DCS flow sheet symbols,

architecture of DCS – controller, Input and output modules,
communication module, data highway, local I/O bus, workstations,
specifications of DCS.

3.2 Introduction to Hierarchical Control and memory: Task listing,

Higher & Lower Computer level tasks.

3.3 Supervisory computer tasks and DCS configuration – Supervisory

Computer functions, Control techniques, Supervisory Control
Algorithm, DCS & Supervisory Computer displays, advanced control
Strategies, Computer interface with DCS.

3.4 DCS – system integration with PLCs and computer:

Man machine interface- sequencing, supervisory control, and

integration with PLC, personal computers and direct I/O, serial
linkages, network linkages, links between networks.

04 Database & Alarm Management 04

4.1 Database management, Historical Data use in logs, reports and

trend displays, System Status Display, Process Reports, different
types of logs and reports.

4.2 Philosophies of Alarm Management, Alarm reporting, types of

alarms generated and acceptance of alarms.

05 08
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)
5.1 SCADA introduction, brief history of SCADA, elements of SCADA.
5.2 Features of SCADA , MTU- functions of MTU, RTU- Functions of
RTU, Protocol Detail
5.3 SCADA as a real time system
5.4 Communications in SCADA- types & methods used,
components, Protocol structure and Mediums used for
communications
5.5 SCADA Development for any one typical application

49
06 04
OPC, Historian, MES, Integration with enterprise system.

07 04
Safety Instrumented System (SIS)
7.1 Need for safety instrumentation- risk and risk reduction
methods, hazards analysis. Process control systems and SIS. 7.2
Safety Integrity Levels (SIL) and availability. Introduction to the
international functional safety standard IEC61508.

Theory Examination:
31. Question paper will consist of total 7 questions carrying 20 marks each.
32. Only 5 questions need to be attempted.
33. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
34. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
35. In question paper, weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of respective
lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus

Oral Examination:
Oral examination will be based on entire subject.

Term Work:
Term work consists of minimum 4 assignments, 4 PLC programs for process control applications and a
written test. The distribution of the term work shall be as follows,

Laboratory work (Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term work ensures the satisfactory performance of
laboratory work and minimum passing in the term-work

Text Books:
1 Samuel M. Herb , “ Understanding Distributed Processor Systems for Control”, ISA Publication.

50
2. Thomas Hughes, “Programmable Logic Controller”, ISA Publication.
3. Stuart A. Boyer, “SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition”, ISA Publication.
4. Gruhn and Cheddie, “Safety Shutdown Systems” – ISA, 1998,

Reference Books:
1. Poppovik Bhatkar, “Distributed Computer Control for Industrial Automation”, Dekkar Publication.

2. S.K.Singh, “Computer Aided Process Control”, Prentice Hall of India.

3. Krishna Kant, “Computer Based Process Control”, Prentice Hall of India

4. N.E. Battikha, “The Management of Control System: Justification and Technical Auditing”, ISA.

5. Gary Dunning, “Introduction to Programmable Logic controller”, Thomas Learning, edition, 2001.

6. John. W.Webb Ronald A Reis, “Programmable Logic Controllers – Principles and Applications”, Third
edition, Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey, 1995.

7. Bela G. Liptak “Instrument engineers handbook- Process control” Chilton book company- 3 rd edition.

8. D.J. Smith & K.G.L. Simpson

Functional Safety: A Straightforward Guide to IEC61508 and Related Standards -Butterworth-Heinemann
Publications;

University of Mumbai
Class: B.E. Branch: Instrumentation Semester - VII
Engineering
Elective-I : Process Modeling and Optimization (PMO)
Periods per week Lectures 04

( each of 60 minutes ) Practical 02

Tutorial ---------
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory 03 100
Oral ------ 25

51
 Term Work ------ 25
Total 150

Module No. Contents Hours

Mathematical Modeling

1. Use of mathematical models and principles of formulation, 08

Fundamental laws: Continuity equations, Energy equation,
Equations of motion, Chemical kinetics, Modeling of CSTR
(isothermal, no-isothermal, constant holdup, variable holdup)

Introduction to Optimization:

2. Definition and meaning of optimization, need of optimization, 05

conventional versus optimum design process, optimization problem
formulation – statement of an optimization problem, terminology,
design vector, objective function, design constraints, constraint
surface,

Iteration, convergence, classification of optimization problem,

engineering applications of optimization.

Classical Optimization Techniques:

3. Fundamental concepts- local and global minima, local and global 10

maxima, quadratic form, necessary and sufficient condition of single
and multivariable optimization with no constraints, multivariable
optimization with equality and inequality constraints(Kuhn-Tucker
condition), Lagrange Theorem.

Linear Programming : 12

4. Definition of linear programming problem (LPP), standard form of

LPP, terminology, basic concepts, Simplex Algorithm and flowchart,
simplex method, two-phase simplex method, Big-M method,
Duality in LPP

Numerical Methods for Unconstrained Optimum Design: 13

General algorithm for constrained and unconstrained minimization

52
 5. methods, rate of convergence, unimodal and multimodal function
,reduction of a single variable, one dimensional minimization
methods- Equal Interval method, Golden section search method,
Polynomial Interpolation : Quadratic Interpolation method, Cubic
Interpolation method,

Gradient of a function, properties of gradient vector, Steepest

Descent, Conjugate gradient (Fletcher-Reeves), Quasi-Newton
method: Davidon-Fletcher-Powell, Broyden–Fletcher-Goldfarb-
Shanno.

Theory Examination:
45. Question paper will consist of total 7 questions of 20 marks each.
46. Only 5 questions need to be solved.
47. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
48. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
49. In question paper, weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of
respective lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus
50. No question should be asked from the pre-requisite module

Oral Examination:
Oral examination will be based on entire subject.

Term work:
Term work consists of minimum ten assignments and a written test. The distribution of the term work
shall be as follows,

Laboratory work (Assignments and Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term-work ensures the satisfactory performance of laboratory
work and minimum passing in the term-work.

Assignments: Each student shall do at least One assignment on Module No. 1, Two assignments on
Module No. 2, Three Assignments on Module No. 3 and Four assignments on Module No. 4 and 5 each.
For assignments on Module No. 5 use Optimization Toolbox of MATLAB.

53
Text Books:

1) S. S. Rao, “Optimization”, 2nd edition

New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers, New Delhi, 1995.

2) Jasbir S. Arora, “Introduction to Optimum Design”,

ELSEVIER, Academic Press, USA – 2004.

3) T. E. Edger and D. M. Himmeblaue, “Optimization of Chemical Processes”,

McGraw Hill International Editions, 1989.

Reference Books:

1) Kalyanmoy Deb, “Optimization For Engineering Design”,

Prentice Hall of India (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 1998.

2) Ashok D. Belegundu, “Optimization concepts and applications in Engineering”, Pearson Education,

2002.
3) Hamby A. Taha, “Operation Research”, Pearson education - 2007.

University of Mumbai
Class: BE Branch: Instrumentation Semester- VIII
Engineering

Elective-II: Power Plant Instrumentation (Abbreviated as PPI)

Periods per Week Lecture 4

(each 60 min) Practical 2

Tutorial --
Hours Marks
Evaluation System Theory 3 100
Oral -- 25
Term Work -- 25
Total -- 150

54
 Module Contents Hours

1 Energy sources, their availability, worldwide energy production, 04

energy scenario of India. Introduction to Power generation-
Classification: Renewable and nonrenewable energy generation
resources.

Renewable: small hydro; modern biomass; wind power; solar;

geothermal and bio-fuels.

Nonrenewable: fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas) and nuclear
power.

2 Boiler: Types of boilers, boiler safety standards. Boiler 08

instrumentation, control and optimization, combustion control, air
to fuel ratio control, three element drum level control, steam
temperature and pressure control, boiler interlocks, sequence
event recorder, data acquisition systems

3 Thermal Power Plant- Method of power generation, layout and 07

energy conversion process, Types of Turbines & control, Types of
Generators, condensers. Types of pumps and Fans, variable speed
pumps and Fans, Material handling system, study of all loops-water,
steam, fuel etc.

4 Hydroelectric Power Plant- Site selection, Hydrology, Estimation 06

electric power to be developed, classification of Hydropower plants,
Types of Turbines for hydroelectric power plant, pumped storage
plants, storage reservoir plants.

5 Wind Energy: Power in wind, Conversion of wind power, 08

Aerodynamics of wind turbine, types of wind turbine, and modes of
operation, power control of wind turbines, Betz limit, Pitch & Yaw
control, wind mill, wind pumps, wind farms, different generator
protections, data recording, trend analysis, troubleshooting &
safety.

6 Solar Energy: solar resource, solar energy conversion systems: Solar 05

55
 PV technology: Block diagram of PV system, advantages and
limitations.

Solar thermal energy system: Principle, solar collector and its types,
solar concentrator and its types, safety.

7 Nuclear Power Plant: Nuclear power generation, control station 06

and reactor control

8 Comparison of thermal power plant, hydro electric power plant, 04

wind, solar, nuclear power plant on the basis of: Performance,
efficiency, site selection, Economics-capital and running, safety
standards, pollution, effluent management and handling. Power
plant safety, Pollution monitoring, control Sound, Air, smoke, dust,
study of Electrostatic precipitator.

Theory Examination:
51. Question paper will comprise of total 7 questions, each of 20 marks.
52. Only 5 questions need to be solved.
53. Q.1 will be compulsory and based on the entire syllabus.
54. Remaining questions will be mixed in nature.
55. In question paper weightage of each module will be proportional to the number of
respective lecture hours as mentioned in the syllabus
56. No question should be asked from the pre-requisite module

Oral Examination:
Oral examination will be based on industrial visit and entire subject.

Term work:

Term work consists of minimum eight experiments/assignments, industrial visit report and a written
test. The distribution of the term work shall be as follows,

Laboratory work (Journal) :15 marks

Test (at least one) :10 marks

The final certification and acceptance of term-work ensures the satisfactory performance of laboratory
work and minimum passing in the term-work.

56
Text Books:
1. “Boiler Control Systems Engineering”, by G.F. Gilman, 2005, ISA Publication.

2. “Power plant engineering”, P.K.Nag, 3 rd edition, 2010. McGraw Hill.

Reference Books:
1. “Power Plant Engg.”, Domkundwar

2. “Non-conventional energy resources”, by B. H. Khan, McGraw Hill, New Delhi.

3. “Renewable energy Technology”, Chetan Singh Solanki, Prentice Hall Publication.

4. “Solar Energy”, by S. P. Sukhatme, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.

5. “Nonconventional energy sources” G. D. Rai, Khanna Publication.

6. Energy Management Handbook: W.C. Taeruer

7. Pollution: M.N.Rao and H.V. Rao.

8. Power system control Technology – Torsten Cegrell (PMI)

9. Energy Technology Handbook, considine D.M.(MHR)

10. Solar Energy Technology vol I & II Dickinson & cheremision off.

11. Wind Energy Handbook, Tony Burton, David Sharpe, Nick Jenkins, Ervin Bossanyi (2001), John Wiley
& Sons, ISBN: 0471489972,

12. Wind Energy Explained: Theory, Design and Application

by James Manwell, J. F. Manwell, J. G. McGowan (2002), John Wiley and Sons Ltd, ISBN: 0471499722

13. Wind Turbine Operation in Electric Power Systems, Z. Lubosny (2003), Springer-Verlag New York,
Inc ; ISBN: 354040340X.

14. David Lindsey, “Power Plant control and instrumentation – control of boilers HRSG”, Institution of
Engineering and Technology.

57
 University of Mumbai

Syllabus Structure (R-2007)

At

B.E. (Instrumentation Engineering)

Semester-VII

Scheme of Instructions

S. No. Subject Periods (60 min. each) Scheme of Evaluation

per Week

Theory Practical Paper TW Practical Oral Total

& Oral Marks
Hours Marks

1. Industrial Process 04 02 3 100 25 -- 25 150

Control

2. Biomedical 04 02 3 100 25 -- 25 150

Instrumentation.

3. Advanced Control 04 02 3 100 25 25 -- 150

Systems

4. Process 04 02 3 100 25 -- 25 150

Automation

5. Elective-I 04 02 3 100 25 -- 25 150

6. Project-I -- 02 -- -- 25 -- 25 50

Total 20 12 --- 500 150 25 125 800

Semester-VIII

Scheme of Instructions

S. No. Subject Periods (60 min. each) Scheme of Evaluation

per Week

Theory Practical Paper TW Practical Oral Total

Hours Marks

58
 & Oral Marks

1. Batch Process 04 02 3 100 25 25 -- 150

Automation

2. Instrumentation 04 02 3 100 25 -- 25 150

Project
Documentation &
Execution

3. Instrument & 04 02 3 100 25 -- 25 150

System Design

4. Elective-II 04 02 3 100 25 -- 25 150

5. Project-II. -- 08 -- -- 50 -- 50 100

Total 16 16 --- 400 150 25 125 700

Elective Subjects

Semester-VII Semester-VIII

Elective-I Elective-II

Advanced Embedded Systems Power Plant Instrumentation

Fiber Optic Instrumentation Digital Control System

Process Modeling and Optimization Optimal & Robust Control Systems

Image Processing Nuclear Instrumentation

Expert Systems Automation in Energy and Infrastructure

59