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Homework 1: Elementary Logic (Due August 30) : Problem 1. Let I

This homework assignment involves elementary logic problems regarding functions and quantifiers. Problem 1 asks to express statements about a function f defined on an interval I in English. Problems 2 and 3 involve writing statements about f using quantifiers. Problems 4-6 use quantifiers and induction to prove statements. Problem 7 analyzes a flawed proof by induction.

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Muhammad Waqas
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67 views1 page

Homework 1: Elementary Logic (Due August 30) : Problem 1. Let I

This homework assignment involves elementary logic problems regarding functions and quantifiers. Problem 1 asks to express statements about a function f defined on an interval I in English. Problems 2 and 3 involve writing statements about f using quantifiers. Problems 4-6 use quantifiers and induction to prove statements. Problem 7 analyzes a flawed proof by induction.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Waqas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Homework 1: Elementary Logic (Due August 30th )

Problem 1. Let I ⊂ R be an interval and let f : I → R be a function. Express


the following statements in English:
a. ∃C ∈ R, ∀x ∈ I, f (x) = C.
b. ∀x ∈ I, f (x) = 0 ⇒ x = 0.
c. ∀y ∈ R, ∃x ∈ I, f (x) = y.
d. ∀x, y ∈ I, x ≤ y ⇒ f (x) ≤ f (y).
e. ∀x, y ∈ R, f (x) = f (y) ⇒ x = y.

Problem 2. Let I ⊂ R be an interval and let f : I → R be a function. Express


the following sentences with quantifiers:
a. The function f vanishes.
b. The function f is identically zero.
c. The function f never takes the same value twice.
d. The function f has a minimum.
e. The function f is not a constant function.

Problem 3. Let I ⊂ R be an interval and f : I → R be a function. Express the


contrary of the following statements using quantifiers:
a. ∀x ∈ I, f (x) ̸= 0.
b. ∀y ∈ R, ∃x ∈ I, f (x) = y.
c. ∀x, y ∈ I, x ≤ y ⇒ f (x) ≤ f (y).
d. ∀x, y ∈ I, f (x) = f (y) ⇒ x = y.
e. ∀x ∈ I, f (x) > 0 ⇒ x ≤ 0.
√ √
Problem 4. Assuming that 2 ∈ / Q, show that ∀x ∈ Q, x + 2 ∈
/ Q.
n(n2 +1)
Problem 5. Show that ∀n ∈ N, 2 ∈ N.

Problem 6. Using induction, show that


a) ∀n ∈ N \ {0, 1}, 1 + 212 + ... + n12 > 2n+1
3n
.
( )n+1
b) ∀n ∈ N, 1!3!...(2n + 1)! ≥ (n + 1)! .

Problem 7. The following proof is wrong:


Let’s prove by induction on n ∈ N \ {0} the following property
P (n) = n points in the plane that are pairwise distinct lie on a same line L.
For n = 1 and n = 2, the property is clearly true.
Suppose now P (n) true for some n ≥ 2, and consider (n + 1) pairwise distinct
points A1 , ..., An+1 in the plane.
By hypothesis, the n-points A1 , ..., An lie on a same line L. In the same way,
the n-points A2 , ..., An+1 lie on a same line L′ .
But both line L and L′ contain the 2 distinct points A2 and An . In particular,
L = L′ and P (n + 1) is true.
What is wrong with this proof?

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