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Computer Graphics & Multimedia (DCO-511)

The document provides code snippets and descriptions for various functions in the graphics.h header file in C graphics programming. It includes functions for setting the graphics buffer size, registering bitmap fonts, setting the active graphics page, defining palette colors, justifying text, retrieving memory, determining text height, checking for graphics errors, loading user-defined fonts, setting the aspect ratio, getting the graphics mode name, and retrieving an image size. Each code example demonstrates how to use a particular graphics function, and many include screenshots of the output.

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umair riaz
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54 views19 pages

Computer Graphics & Multimedia (DCO-511)

The document provides code snippets and descriptions for various functions in the graphics.h header file in C graphics programming. It includes functions for setting the graphics buffer size, registering bitmap fonts, setting the active graphics page, defining palette colors, justifying text, retrieving memory, determining text height, checking for graphics errors, loading user-defined fonts, setting the aspect ratio, getting the graphics mode name, and retrieving an image size. Each code example demonstrates how to use a particular graphics function, and many include screenshots of the output.

Uploaded by

umair riaz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTER GRAPHICS & MULTIMEDIA

(DCO-511)

Name of the Practical: Study the Graphics.h header file function(60-80)

Submitted by:
SAUD AHMAD KHAN
Roll No.-16-DCS_055
Diploma in Computer Engineering- V Semester

Computer Engineering Section


University Polytechnic, Faculty of Engineering and Technology
Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University)
New Delhi-110025
Session 2018-2019
Setgraphbufsize:
setgraphbufsize() returns size of the previous buffer and set the given size for the internal
graphic buffer.
Syntax:
unsigned setgraphbufsize(unsigned bufsize);
Source code
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#define BUFSIZE 1000 /* internal graphics
buffer size */
void main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int x, y, oldsize;
char msg[80];
oldsize = setgraphbufsize(BUFSIZE);
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk)
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1);
}

x = getmaxx() / 2;
y = getmaxy() / 2;
sprintf(msg, "Graphics buffer size: %d", BUFSIZE);
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
outtextxy(x, y, msg);
sprintf(msg, "Old graphics buffer size: %d", oldsize);
outtextxy(x, y+textheight("W"), msg);
getch();
closegraph();
}
OUTPUT

Registerfarbgifont()
Declaration: int Registerfarbgifont(void (*font)(void));
int Registerfarbgifont(void (*font)(void));
Source code:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int midx, midy;
errorcode = registerbgifont(triplex_font);
if (errorcode < 0)
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1);
}
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk)
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1);
}
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
settextstyle(TRIPLEX_FONT, HORIZ_DIR, 4);
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
outtextxy(midx, midy, "The TRIPLEX FONT");
getch();
closegraph();
}
Output
Setactivepage(): setactivepage set the active page for graphics output
Syntax: void far setactivepage(int page)
Source code:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int gdriver = EGA, gmode = EGAHI;
int x, y, ht;
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
x = getmaxx() / 2;
y = getmaxy() / 2;
ht = textheight("W");
setactivepage(1);
line(0, 0, getmaxx(), getmaxy());
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
outtextxy(x, y, "This is page #1:");
outtextxy(x, y+ht, "Press any key to halt:");
setactivepage(0);
outtextxy(x, y, "This is page #0.");
outtextxy(x, y+ht, "Press any key to view page #1:");
getch();
setvisualpage(1);
getch();
}
Setrgbpalette()
Defines colors for IBM-8514 and EVGA graphics cards.
Syntax:- setrgbpalette(int colornum,int red,int green,int blue)
Source code
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main()
{
int gdriver = VGA, gmode = VGAHI;
struct palettetype p;
int i, ht, y, xmax;
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
getpalette(&p);
for (i=0; i<p.size; i++)
setrgbpalette(p.colors[i], i*4, i*4, i*4);
ht = getmaxy() /10 ;
xmax = getmaxx();
y = 0;
for (i=0; i<p.size; i++)
{
setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL, i);
bar(0, y, xmax, y+ht);
y += ht;
} getch(); closegraph(); return 0;
}
OUTPUT
Settextjustify()
Sets text justification for graphics mode
Syntax:- void settextjustify(int horiz, int vert)
Source code:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#define BUFSIZE 1000
int main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode;
int x, y, oldsize;
char msg[80];
oldsize = setgraphbufsize(BUFSIZE);
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
x = getmaxx() / 2;
y = getmaxy() / 2;
sprintf(msg, "Graphics buffer size: %d", BUFSIZE);
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
outtextxy(x, y, msg);
sprintf(msg, "Old graphics buffer size: %d", oldsize);
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT
Setallpalette()
Setallpalette changes all palette colors as specified.
Syntax: - void setallpalette(struct palettetype far *palette)
Source code:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main(void)
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode;
struct palettetype pal;
int color, maxcolor, ht;
int y = 10;
char msg[80];
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
maxcolor = getmaxcolor();
ht = 2 * textheight("W");
getpalette(&pal);
for (color=1; color<=maxcolor; color++)
{
setcolor(color);
sprintf(msg, "Color: %d", color
outtextxy(1, y, msg);
y += ht;
}
setallpalette(&pal);
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT

Graphgetmem()
Syntax: - void far *far _graphgetmem(unsined size)
Program
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <alloc.h>

int main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode;
clrscr();
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
void far * far _graphgetmem(unsigned size)
{
printf("_graphgetmem called to allocate %d bytes.\n", size);
getch();
printf("\n");
return farmalloc(size);
}
OUTPUT

Textheight()

Syntax: int textheight(char *string);

Source code:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

void main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode,text;
char array[100];

initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");


text = textheight(“to find the width of this text");

sprintf(array, "Textheight is = %d", text);

outtextxy(50,60,array);

getch();

}
OUTPUT
Graphresult()
Syntax: - void far *far _graphgetmem(unsined size)
Source code:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <alloc.h>
int main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
clrscr(); getch(); clrscr();
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk)
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1);
}
getch();closegraph();
return 0;
}
void far * far _graphgetmem(unsigned size)
{
printf("_graphgetmem called to allocate %d bytes.\n", size);
printf("press any key:");
getch();
printf("\n");
return farmalloc(size);
}
OUTPUT
Installuserfont()
Loads a font file (.CHR) that is not built into the BGI system
Syntax :- int installuserfont(char far *name)
Source code:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode;
int userfont;
int midx, midy;
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
userfont = installuserfont("USER.CHR");
settextstyle(userfont, HORIZ_DIR, 4);
outtextxy(midx, midy, "Testing!");
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

OUTPUT

Setusercharsize()
User-defined character magnification factor for stroked fonts
Syntax:- void setusercharsize(int multx, int divx, int multy, int divy)
Source code:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
settextstyle(TRIPLEX_FONT, HORIZ_DIR, 4);
moveto(0, getmaxy() / 2);
outtext("Normal");
setusercharsize(1, 3, 1, 1);
outtext(" Short using setusercahrsize");
setusercharsize(3, 1, 2, 1);
outtext(" Wide using setusercahrsize");
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT

Setaspectratio()
Setaspectratio sets the graphics aspect ratio
Syntax: - void far setaspectratio(int xasp, int yasp)
Source code:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode;
int xasp, yasp, midx, midy;
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
setcolor(getmaxcolor());
getaspectratio(&xasp, &yasp);
circle(midx, midy, 50);
getch();
cleardevice();
setaspectratio(xasp/2, yasp);
circle(midx, midy,50);
getch();
cleardevice();
setaspectratio(xasp, yasp/2);
circle(midx, midy, 50);
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;}
OUTPUT

Getmodename()
Syntax: char *getmodename(int mode_number)
Source code:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int midx, midy, mode;
char numname[80], modename[80];
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
mode = getgraphmode();
sprintf(numname, "%d is the current mode number.", mode);
sprintf(modename, "%s is the current graphics mode.",getmodename(mode));
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
outtextxy(midx, midy, numname);
outtextxy(midx, midy+2*textheight("W"), modename);
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT

Imagesize()
Syntax: unsigned int imagesize(int left, int top,int right, int bottom);
where,left, top, right, and bottom define the area of the screen in which image is stored.
Source code:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode;
char size[100];
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "C:\\TURBOC3\\BGI");
circle(50, 200, 50);
img = imagesize(150, 150, 250, 250);
sprintf(size, "Size of the Image = %d",img);
outtextxy(20, 280, size);
getch();
}
OUTPUT

Setwritemode: Sets the writing mode for line drawing in graphics mode
Syntax: void far setwritemode(int mode);
Source code:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int xmax, ymax;
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
errorcode = graphresult();
xmax = getmaxx();
ymax = getmaxy();
setwritemode(XOR_PUT);
line(0, 0, xmax, ymax);
getch();
line(0, 0, xmax, ymax);
getch();
setwritemode(COPY_PUT);
line(0, 0, xmax, ymax);
getch();
closegraph();
}

Setvisualpage:
setactivepage sets the active page for graphics output
setvisualpage sets the visual graphics page number

Syntax:
void far setactivepage(int page);
void far setvisualpage(int page);
Source code:
#include <graphics.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main
{
select a driver and mode that supports multiple pages.
int gdriver = EGA, gmode = EGAHI;
int x, y, ht;
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
x = getmaxx() / 2;
y = getmaxy() / 2;
ht = textheight("W");
setactivepage(1);
line(0, 0, getmaxx(), getmaxy());
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
outtextxy(x, y, "This is page #1:");
outtextxy(x, y+ht, "Press any key to halt:");
setactivepage(0);
outtextxy(x, y, "This is page #0.");
outtextxy(x, y+ht, "Press any key to view page #1:");
getch();
setvisualpage(1);
getch();
closegraph();

}
Output
COMPUTER GRAPHICS & MULTIMEDIA
(DCO-511)

Name of the Practical: study of in-built GRAPHICS function (60-80)

Submitted by:
UMAIR RIAZ
Roll No.-16-DCS_067
Diploma in Computer Engineering- V Semester

Computer Engineering Section


University Polytechnic, Faculty of Engineering and Technology
Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University)
New Delhi-110025
Session 2018-2019

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