Fundamentals of Particle Technology: January 2002
Fundamentals of Particle Technology: January 2002
Fundamentals of Particle Technology: January 2002
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2 Particle characterisation 5
2.1 Particle size functions 7
2.2 Algebraic representation of size functions 9
2.3 Specific surface area per unit volume 12
2.4 Distributions: moments and conversions 13
2.5 Means of a distribution 15
2.6 Image analysis and particle shape 15
2.7 Example interpretation of distribution data 16
2.8 Summary 17
2.9 Problems 17
4 Filtration of liquids 29
4.1 Deep bed and clarifying filtration 29
4.2 Cake filtration 31
4.3 Specific resistance and dry cake mass
per unit volume filtrate 32
4.4 Compressible cake filtration 33
4.5 Filtration modes of operation 35
4.6 Membrane filtration 38
4.7 Filter media 40
4.8 Filter aids 42
4.9 Summary 42
4.10 Problems 43
5 Dilute systems 45
5.1 Weight, drag and Particle Reynolds number 45
5.2 Other forces on particles 48
5.3 Particle acceleration in streamline flow 49
5.4 Settling basin design (Camp-Hazen) 50
5.5 Laboratory tests 51
5.6 Summary 52
5.7 Problems 52
7 Fluidisation 67
7.1 Minimum fluidising velocity 68
7.2 Types of fluidisation 69
7.3 Bed design and bubbling behaviour 70
7.4 Gas flow patterns around bubble and stability 70
7.5 Davidson and Harrison model 71
7.6 Discrete element analysis 73
7.7 Summary 74
7.8 Problems 75
8 Centrifugal separation 77
8.1 Sedimenting centrifuges 78
8.2 Hydrocyclones 80
8.3 Filtering centrifuges 83
8.4 Washing and dewatering 85
8.5 Summary 88
8.6 Problems 88
9 Conveying 91
9.1 Heterogeneous flow in liquids 91
9.2 Dilute phase pneumatic conveying 92
9.3 Dense phase pneumatic conveying 94
9.4 Other conveying equipment 94
9.5 Summary 96
9.6 Problems 96
Nomenclature 164
Further reading 166
Appendix – Heywood Tables 168
Index 170
V i e w p u b l i c a t i o n s t a t s