Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 176 views

    1 Simple Curve

    Uploaded by

    Von San Jose
    The document discusses different types of curves used in route surveying. It describes horizontal curves which change the horizontal alignment of a route and can be simple circular, compound, reverse, transition or combined curves. It also describes vertical curves which change the vertical alignment or gradient of a route in a parabolic shape and can be summit or sag vertical curves. The document provides details on simple circular curves including definitions of key terms like radius, chord length, deflection angle, and degree of curve used in calculations. It gives examples of problems calculating values for simple circular curve parameters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    1 Simple Curve

    Uploaded by

    Von San Jose
    176 views22 pages
    The document discusses different types of curves used in route surveying. It describes horizontal curves which change the horizontal alignment of a route and can be simple circular, compound, reverse, transition or combined curves. It also describes vertical curves which change the vertical alignment or gradient of a route in a parabolic shape and can be summit or sag vertical curves. The document provides details on simple circular curves including definitions of key terms like radius, chord length, deflection angle, and degree of curve used in calculations. It gives examples of problems calculating values for simple circular curve parameters.

    Original Description:

    Simple Curve Lecture 1

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses different types of curves used in route surveying. It describes horizontal curves which change the horizontal alignment of a route and can be simple circular, compound, reverse, transition or combined curves. It also describes vertical curves which change the vertical alignment or gradient of a route in a parabolic shape and can be summit or sag vertical curves. The document provides details on simple circular curves including definitions of key terms like radius, chord length, deflection angle, and degree of curve used in calculations. It gives examples of problems calculating values for simple circular curve parameters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    176 views22 pages

    1 Simple Curve

    Uploaded by

    Von San Jose
    The document discusses different types of curves used in route surveying. It describes horizontal curves which change the horizontal alignment of a route and can be simple circular, compound, reverse, transition or combined curves. It also describes vertical curves which change the vertical alignment or gradient of a route in a parabolic shape and can be summit or sag vertical curves. The document provides details on simple circular curves including definitions of key terms like radius, chord length, deflection angle, and degree of curve used in calculations. It gives examples of problems calculating values for simple circular curve parameters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 22

    Route Surveying

    INTRODUCTION

    Engr. Voncy
    Route Surveying
    Introduction
    What is curve?

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    Route Surveying

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    Route Surveying

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    Route Surveying

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    Route Surveying

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    Route Surveying

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    Route Surveying
    Introduction
    Curves are generally used on highways and railways where it is necessary to
    change the alignment. When two straights of a highway or railway are at same
    angle each other, a curve is introduced between them to avoid an abrupt
    change in direction and to make the vehicle move safely, smoothly and
    comfortably. A curve is provided at the intersection of the two straights to
    effect a gradual change in the direction. This change in direction of the
    straights may be in a horizontal or a vertical plane, resulting in the provision of
    a horizontal or a vertical curve, respectively.

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    Route Surveying
    Introduction
    A horizontal curve is provided at the point where the two straight lines intersect in the
    horizontal plane. When the curve is provided in the horizontal plane, it is known as a
    horizontal curve. The horizontal curves are further classified as simple circular,
    compound, reverse, transition and combined curves.

    A vertical curve is provided at the point where the two straight lines at different
    gradients intersect in the vertical plane. In such a case, a parabolic curved path is
    provided in the vertical plane in order to connect the gradients for easy movement of
    the vehicles. Vertical curves are usually parabolic and are classified as summit and sag
    vertical curve.

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    Route Surveying

    Different Forms of Curves


    Curve

    Horizontal Vertical
    Curve Curve

    Simple Compound Reverse Spiral Summit Sag


    Curve Curve Curve Curve Curve Curve

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    SIMPLE CURVE

    A simple curve is a circular arc, extending


    from one tangent to the next.

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    SIMPLE CURVE

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    SIMPLE CURVE
    Terminologies in Simple Curve
    PC = Point of curvature. It is the beginning of curve.
    PT = Point of tangency. It is the end of curve.
    PI = Point of intersection of the tangents. Also called vertex
    T = Length of tangent from PC to PI and from PI to PT. It is known as subtangent.
    R = Radius of simple curve, or simply radius.
    L = Length of chord from PC to PT. Point Q as shown below is the midpoint of L.
    Lc = Length of curve from PC to PT. Point M in the the figure is the midpoint of Lc.
    E = External distance, the nearest distance from PI to the curve.
    m = Middle ordinate, the distance from midpoint of curve to midpoint of chord.
    I = Deflection angle (also called angle of intersection and central angle). It is the angle of
    intersection of the tangents. The angle subtended by PC and PT at O is also equal to I,
    where O is the center of the circular curve from the above figure.
    x = offset distance from tangent to the curve. Note: x is perpendicular to T.
    θ = offset angle subtended at PC between PI and any point in the curve
    D = Degree of curve. It is the central angle subtended by a length of curve equal to one
    station. In English system, one station is equal to 100 ft and in SI, one station is equal to 20 m.
    Sub chord = chord distance between two adjacent full stations.

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    SIMPLE CURVE

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    SIMPLE CURVE

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    SIMPLE CURVE

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    SIMPLE CURVE

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    SIMPLE CURVE
    Problem 1

    A simple curve has a central angle of 36o and a degree of curve of 6o.

    a. Find the nearest distance from the midpoint of the curve to the
    point of intersection of the tangents.

    b. Compute the distance from the midpoint of the curve to the long
    chord joining the point of curvature and point of tangency.

    c. If the stationing of the point of curvature is at 10+020, compute the


    stationing of a point on the curve which intersects with the line
    making a deflection angle of 8 with the tangent through the P.C.

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    SIMPLE CURVE
    Problem 2

    The tangents of a simple curve have bearings of N 20o E and N 80o E


    respectively. The radius of the curve is 200m. Compute for the:

    a. External Distance of the curve

    b. Middle Ordinate of the curve

    c. Stationing of point A on the curve having a deflection angle of 6o


    from PC which is at 1 + 200.

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    SIMPLE CURVE
    Problem 3

    A simple curve connects two tangents AB and BC with bearings N 85o 30’ E
    and S 68o 30’ E respectively. If the stationing of the vertex is 4 + 360.2
    and the stationing at PC is 4 + 288.4, determine the following:

    a. Radius of the curve

    b. External distance

    c. Middle ordinate

    d. Chord distance

    e. Length of curve

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    SIMPLE CURVE
    Problem 4

    The tangent distance of a 3o simple curve is only ½ of its radius.

    a. Compute the angle of intersection of the curve.

    b. Compute the length of curve

    c. Compute the area of the fillet of a curve.

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag
    SIMPLE CURVE
    Three tangent lines AB, BC and CD of a traverse have azimuths of 228o
    15’, 253o 30’ and 315o 18’ respectively. The stationing of B I (10+585) and
    that of C is (10+885). A proposed highway curve is to connect these three
    tangents.

    a. Compute the radius of the simple curve that connects these tangents.

    b. Compute the stationing at PC.

    c. Compute the stationing at PT.

    d. Compute the length of curve from PC to PT.

    ME33 : Fluid Flow 3


    Engr. Voncy
    Chapter 11: Flow over bodies; lift and drag

    You might also like