This document contains 15 practice problems related to strength of materials for a tutorial session. The problems cover topics like stresses and strains in axially loaded members, stress-strain diagrams for different materials, Poisson's ratio, conjugate shear stresses, deformation of composite bars under axial loads, stresses in truss members, and deformation of prismatic bars under self-weight. Diagrams are provided to illustrate the geometry and loading conditions for some of the problems.
This document contains 15 practice problems related to strength of materials for a tutorial session. The problems cover topics like stresses and strains in axially loaded members, stress-strain diagrams for different materials, Poisson's ratio, conjugate shear stresses, deformation of composite bars under axial loads, stresses in truss members, and deformation of prismatic bars under self-weight. Diagrams are provided to illustrate the geometry and loading conditions for some of the problems.
This document contains 15 practice problems related to strength of materials for a tutorial session. The problems cover topics like stresses and strains in axially loaded members, stress-strain diagrams for different materials, Poisson's ratio, conjugate shear stresses, deformation of composite bars under axial loads, stresses in truss members, and deformation of prismatic bars under self-weight. Diagrams are provided to illustrate the geometry and loading conditions for some of the problems.
This document contains 15 practice problems related to strength of materials for a tutorial session. The problems cover topics like stresses and strains in axially loaded members, stress-strain diagrams for different materials, Poisson's ratio, conjugate shear stresses, deformation of composite bars under axial loads, stresses in truss members, and deformation of prismatic bars under self-weight. Diagrams are provided to illustrate the geometry and loading conditions for some of the problems.
Isotropic and anisotropic materials, homogeneous and inhomogeneous materials, skeletal/linear (1D), surface (2D) and 3D structures with examples; body and surface forces with examples; normal stress, normal strain, uniaxial stress, uniaxial strain. 2. Obtain the state of stress existing on an oblique-section (defined by an angle θ with respect to the axis) of an isotropic homogeneous prismatic bar subjected to an axial tensile load P. Determine the values of the angle θ for which the normal and shearing stresses on this section become maximum, minimum and zero. 3. Describe a typical stress-strain curve of a prismatic bar of mild steel, subjected to gradually increasing axial tensile force, containing the following characteristic points: Proportional limit, yield point, strain hardening point, ultimate strength, breaking stress. What are nominal/engineering stress and strain? What are true stress and strain? 4. What are allowable stress, factors of safety and margins of safety? 5. Derive the expression for the strain energy of a prismatic bar subjected to a gradually increasing axial load P. Obtain the alternative forms of this strain energy expression when Hooke’s law is applicable. Define modulus of resilience and modulus of toughness. Explain ductile and brittle materials with examples. 6. Draw typical stress-strain diagrams that may be obtained from tensile test of: Mild Steel, Cast Iron, Aluminium, Concrete, Glass, Hard and soft rubber. Also draw typical stress-strain diagrams that may be obtained from compression test of: Mild Steel, Cast Iron, Concrete, Glass. 7. What is Poisson’s ratio? Obtain the expressions for unit volume change of a prismatic bar of rectangular cross-section and of a cylindrical rod of circular cross-section, when they are subjected to an axial tensile force. What is the range of values of Poisson’s ratio? 8. What are conjugate shear stresses? Prove their equality. 9. A rod of mild steel is encased co-axially inside a hollow copper tube and the ends of both the rod and the tube are fixed rigidly. The assembly has a length of 100 mm and is subjected to an axial tensile load of 50 kN. The diameter of the steel rod is 20 mm. The outer and inner diameter of the copper tube are 30 mm and 25 mm, respectively. Taking Young’s modulus of elasticity of steel and copper as 200 GPa and 100 GPa, respectively, determine the deformation that the system would go through and the stresses induced in steel and copper. 10. A steel wire of diameter 15 mm is used to lift a load of 5 kN at its lower end. Calculate the total elongation of the wire if its unit weight is 80 kN/m3. Take E of the wire material as 205 GPa. 11. If a tension bar is tapered from (d + a) diameter to (d - a) diameter, prove that the error involved in using the mean diameter (d) for calculating its deformation is (10a/d)2 %. 12. An axially symmetric prismatic bar (ABCD) having stepwise varying cross-sections are loaded with some axial forces as shown in Fig-1. The segments AB, BC and CD have cross-sectional areas 450 mm2, 500 mm2 and 400 mm2 respectively. Calculate the normal stresses developed in each segment and the axial displacement of point D with respect to point A. [Similar to: Prob. 1.1 in Page-9 and Prob. 1.2 in Page-12 of Pytel & Kiusalaas].
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13. Determine the largest weight W that can be supported by the two-member truss shown in Fig-2. The working stresses are 110 MPa for member AB and 125 MPa for AC. The cross-sectional areas for AB and AC are 650 mm2 and 400 mm2 respectively. [Similar to: Prob. 1.3 in Page-12 of Pytel & Kiusalaas].
14. Assuming that both parts of the vertical bar ABC, of the assembly shown in Fig-3, are made of the same material, obtain an expression for the ratio of the loads P2/P1 so that the net vertical deflection of point C will be zero. Obtain the expression in terms of the cross-sectional areas A1 and A2 and the dimensions L1, L2, L3 and L4 as shown in the figure. [Source: Prob. 2.2-12 in Page 110 of Gere and Timoshenko].
15. A rigid steel plate is supported by three concrete posts, each having a 10 cm×10 cm square cross- section, as shown in Fig-4. By faulty construction, the middle post is 0.05 cm shorter than the other two before load P is applied. Find the safe value of load P if the working stress for the concrete in compression is 200 Kg/cm2 and the modulus of elasticity Ec =12×104 Kg/cm2. [Source: Page-21, Timoshenko & Young].
16. Derive an expression for the total axial elongation (δ) due to self weight of a prismatic bar of length l, cross-sectional areas at top and bottom side of A1 and A2, respectively, as shown in Fig-5. The bar material has mass-density and the bar is hanging under its own weight with its axis oriented at an angle with respect to the vertical plane, as shown in Figure. From this, as a special case, show that when the bar is of uniform cross-section (A) and is hanging perfectly vertically ( = 0), then its axial deformation would be Wl/2AE, where W is its total weight. Compare this with the deformation of the bar, that would have occurred due to an uniform axial load equal to W, when the bar is oriented horizontally. [Source: Page-12, Timoshenko & Young].
2.2 m 2.0 m 1.6 m B C
30 A 45 30 KN A 75 KN 55 KN D B C
Figure-1 W
Figure-2 P A1 A
L1 A1 0.05 cm L3 L4 E 60 cm B l
L2 D P2 A2 A2 C Figure-4 P1 Figure-3 Figure-5
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