DESIGN CALCULATIONS FOR RCC RETAINING

WALL FOR 241+250 TO 242+800 OF KAMREJ-

CHALTHAN OF NH8

REVISION DATE DISCRIPTION

R0 31/07/18 FOR APPROVAL

PROJECT: -

DESIGN OF PROPOSED RC RETAINING WALL FROM

KM 241+250 TO 242+800 OF KAMREJ-CHALTHAN
SECTION OF NH-8

CLIENT: -

NATIONAL HIGHWAY AUTHORITY OF INDIA (NHAI)

STRUCTURAL CONSULTANT: -

GREEN DESIGN AND ENGINEERING SERVICES PVT. LTD., SURAT

: SOIL DATA:
 MATTEST
Engineering Services

Test Report

Report No. MES/2017-18/2018100911/01 Issue Date :- 17-Jan-18

Narne of Agency :- M/s. SCIW -UC (Joint Venture)

Name of Work :- Six laning of Kamrej-Chalthan Section of NH-8 From Km. 248.100 to Km. 264.350
Including Long Term Remedial Measures for 4 Black Spots in Kamrej-Bharuch Section of
NH - 8 in the State of Gujarat on EPC mode under NHDP Phase V.
Reference No :- SCIW-UC/OUT/NHAI/K-C/2018/578 Date:- 09.01.2018

Material Received ·- Soil Sample Date of Receiving ·- 09-Jan-18

Sample Type
··- Disturb Sample Test Started
···-- 09-Jan-18
Source of Sample ··- Tadkeshwar borrow pond Test Completed
· 17-Jan-18
(Depth 3.0 to 4.5 Mt.)

Grain Size Analysis Atterberg Limits Heavy

Sr. .S
Sample ID ~'

No .S ~
.S
'0
o+
~
....
~
CIl CIl
1 Pit-l 2 28 70 62 45 17 17.0 MH 1.68 18.3 4.8
2 Pit-2 o 14 86 61 42 19 15.0 MH 1.66 19.0 4.4
3 Pit-3 1 21 78 63 41 22 13.0 MH 1.69 18.0 4.9
4 Pit-4 2 22 76 64 39 25 17.0 MH 1.68 18.3 4.5
5 Pit-S 1 18 81 63 40 23 17.0 MH 1.66 18.8 4.3
6 Pit-6 2 21 77 58 39 19 12.0 MH 1.67 17.9 4.4
7 Pit-7 12 37 51 37 24 13 5.0 Cl 1.89 13.4 8.2
8 P~t-8 o 23 77 59 41 18 15.0 MH 1.65 18.4 4.2
IS:2720 IS:2720-1986 IS:2720
Test Method
IS:2720-P-4 -1985 IS:2720-P-5 -1980 P-40 IS:1498 P-16
Specification Part 8
1973 1987
** End of Report **
N
l.The Test Certificates is given for the Sample received in the laboratory by Customer.
o
T 2.The Result Relate Only to the Sample Tested.
E 3.The Test Report Shall Not be Reporoduced Except in Full, Without Written Approval of the Mattest Engineering S~.

~CER/~

Authorised Signatorq B
:nw
to-
Y.
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'tfl)
-

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Page No. 1/1

A-39-40-41, City Industrial Estate,

Nr. Swami Narayan Temple,
Udhna-Navsari Main Road, Udhna, Surat.
Ph. No. 0261-2272261 E-mail: [email protected]
:RETAINING WALL DESIGN:
 : ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF CANTILEVER RETAINING WALL :
h= 2.0 to 3.5m 1. INPUT:
a) Geometry : b) Material :
1.500 Height of wall : 3.500 m Grade of Concrete : M 30
0.300 K Thk. of wall @ top : 0.300 m Density of Concrete: 25 kN/m3
i Thk. of wall @ bott. : 0.600 m Grade of Steel : Fe 500
Max. Thk. of base : 0.600 m Density of Soil (ϒ) : 19 kN/m3
Length of Heel : 2.700 m
H Thk. of Heel @ end: 0.300 m Friction Co-efficient φ : 32 Degree
α Length of Toe : 1.200 m C: 18 kN/m2
Thk. of Toe @ end: 0.300 m i: 26.57 Degree
I Foundation to be rested on the Soil α: 4.90 Degree
3.500 A SBC of Soil : 100 kN/m2 δ* : 21.33 Degree
(*Acc. To Cl.214.1.4. of IRC:6-2016)
c) Seismic : According to Cl. 25.2 of IS:1893(part 3):2014;
B Location : SURAT = 1.050 So, n = 0.30
Zone: III
Y Z: 0.16 where; Nφ = 0.307
F Z G J Ah = 0.08 (N a ϒm ) dyn = 0.568 (N a ϒm ) st = 0.437
0.300 0.600 C 0.300 Av = 0.053 (N aq m ) dyn = 0.320 (N aq m ) st = 0.247
E D
(N ac m ) dyn = 1.170 (N ac m ) st = 1.170
X
1.200 0.600 2.700
For, (N a ϒm ) st For, (N aq m ) st For, (N ac m ) st
i= 0 i = 10 i= 0 i = 10 i= 0
(N a ϒm ) st n (N a ϒm ) st n (N a ϒm ) st (N aq m ) st n (N aq m ) st n (N aq m ) st n (N aq m ) st
0.437 0 0.28 0 0.393 0.247 0 0.3 0 0.3067 0 1.643
0.2 0.28 0.2 0.357 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.28889
0.30 0.280 0.30 0.339 0.30 0.300 0.30 0.280 = 0.712

For, λ1
FOR , n= 0.000 and i= 0.000
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 4.90
30 1.133 1.108 1.127 30 1.278 1.228 1.266 32.00 1.217
40 1.156 1.123 1.148 40 1.327 1.258 1.310 λ1 i = 0.000 i = 10.000
32.00 1.131 32.00 1.275 1.217 n λ1 n λ1
0.00 1.217 0.00 1.250
FOR , n= 0.000 and i= 10.000 0.40 1.209 0.40 1.240
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08 0.30 1.211 0.30 1.242
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 4.90
30 1.151 1.128 1.145 30 1.323 1.276 1.311 32.00 1.250 So, λ1 = 1.295
40 1.168 1.137 1.160 40 1.356 1.292 1.340 λ1
32.00 1.148 32.00 1.317 1.250 (N aq m ) dyn = λ1 x (N aq m ) st

FOR , n= 0.400 and i= 0.000

Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 4.90
30 1.133 1.086 1.121 30 1.279 1.182 1.255 32.00 1.209
40 1.155 1.101 1.142 40 1.327 1.21 1.298 λ1
32.00 1.126 32.00 1.264 1.209

FOR , n= 0.400 and i= 10.000

Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 4.90
30 1.151 1.105 1.140 30 1.323 1.225 1.299 32.00 1.240
40 1.168 1.114 1.155 40 1.357 1.242 1.329 λ1
32.00 1.143 32.00 1.305 1.240

For, λ2
FOR , n= 0.000 and i= 0.000
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 4.90
30 1.133 1.108 1.127 30 1.278 1.228 1.266 32.00 1.217
40 1.156 1.123 1.148 40 1.327 1.258 1.310 λ2 i = 0.000 i = 10.000
32.00 1.131 32.00 1.275 1.217 n λ2 n λ2
0.00 1.217 0.00 1.250
FOR , n= 0.000 and i= 10.000 0.40 1.215 0.40 1.247
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08 0.30 1.215 0.30 1.248
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 4.90
30 1.151 1.128 1.145 30 1.323 1.276 1.311 32.00 1.250 So, λ2 = 1.301
40 1.168 1.137 1.160 40 1.356 1.292 1.340 λ2
32.00 1.148 32.00 1.317 1.250 (N a ϒm ) dyn = λ2 x (N a ϒm ) st
FOR , n= 0.400 and i= 0.000
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 4.90
30 1.133 1.102 1.125 30 1.279 1.214 1.263 32.00 1.215
40 1.156 1.116 1.146 40 1.327 1.243 1.306 λ2
32.00 1.130 32.00 1.272 1.215

FOR , n= 0.400 and i= 10.000

Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 4.90 φ α = 4.90
30 1.151 1.122 1.144 30 1.323 1.262 1.308 32.00 1.247
40 1.168 1.13 1.159 40 1.357 1.277 1.337 λ2
32.00 1.147 32.00 1.314 1.247

2. LOADING :
q = Δ = K0 ϒ heq = 7.005 kN/m2 ; Where heq = 1.2 m (According to Cl. 214.1.1.3 of IRC:6-2016)
; Where K0 = (1 - sinφ)/ (1 + sinφ) = 0.307
b)Earth Pressure in Static Condition:
= -16.85 kN/m2

; Total Lateral Force: -29.49 kN/m Acting @ 0.33 h = 1.16 m (According to Cl. 214.1.4 of IRC:6-2016)
c)Earth Pressure in Seismic condition:
Total Earth Pressure = Static component + Dynamic Increment = = 0.24 kN/m2
2
where; Static Component (Ah=Av=λ =0) = -16.85 kN/m ; Lateral Force: -29.49 kN/m Acting @ 0.33 h = 1.16 m (According to Cl. 214.1.2.1
So; Dynamic Increment = Total - Static = 17.10 kN/m2 ; Lateral Force: 29.92 kN/m Acting @ 0.33h = 1.16 m of IRC:6-2016)
 : ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF CANTILEVER RETAINING WALL :
h= 2.0 to 3.5m
1. INPUT:
a) Geometry : b) Material :
1.500 Height of wall : 3.500 m Grade of Concrete : M 30
3
0.300 K Thk. of wall @ top : 0.300 m Density of Concrete: 25 kN/m
β Thk. of wall @ bott. : 0.600 m Grade of Steel : Fe 500
3
Max. Thk. of base : 0.600 m Density of Soil (ϒ) : 19 kN/m
Length of Heel : 2.700 m
H Thk. of Heel @ end: 0.300 m Friction Co-efficient φ : 32 Degree
α Length of Toe : 1.200 m β: 26.57 Degree
Thk. of Toe @ end: 0.300 m α: 4.90 Degree
I Foundation to be rested on the Soil δ* : 21.3333333 Degree
3.500 A SBC of Soil : 100 kN/m2 (*Acc. To Cl.214.1.1.1. of IRC:6-2016)
c) Seismic : Active pressure co-efficient in Static Condition :
Location : SURAT
B Zone: III = 0.525
Z: 0.16
Y Ah = 0.08 Active pressure co-efficient in Seismic Condition :
F Z G J Av = 0.053
0.300 0.600 C 0.300
E D

X For, +Av ; Ca= 0.811

1.200 0.600 2.700 For, -Av ; Ca= 0.786 Cosidering Max. of Ca = 0.811
2. LOADING :
a)Earth Pressure in Static Condition:
Kaϒ h = 34.92 kN/m2 ; Total Lateral Force: 61.11 kN/m Acting @ 0.42 h = 1.47 m (According to Cl. 214.1.1.1 of IRC:6-2016)
b)Earth Pressure in Seismic condition:
2
Total Earth Pressure = Static component + Dynamic Increment = Ca ϒ h = 53.95 kN/m
2
where; Static Component (Ah=Av=λ =0) = 34.92 kN/m ; Lateral Force: 61.11 kN/m Acting @ 0.33 h = 1.17 m (According to Cl.
2
So; Dynamic Increment = Total - Static = 19.03 kN/m ; Lateral Force: 33.31 kN/m Acting @ 0.5h = 1.75 m 214.1.2.1 of IRC:6-2016)
c)Live Load Surcharge:
2
Δ = Ka ϒ heq = 11.972 kN/m ; Where heq = 1.2 m (According to Cl. 214.1.1.3 of IRC:6-2016)
3. ANALYSIS :
a)Balancing Moment @ "X": b)Acting Moment @ "X":
Leverarm Moment @ Under Static Condition; Under Seismic Condition;
Portion Weight
from "X" "X"
A 0.3 X 3.5 X 25 = 26.25 1.350 35.44
B 0.5 X 0.3 X 3.5 X 25 = 13.125 1.600 21.00
C 0.6 X 0.6 X 25 = 9 1.500 13.50
D 0.3 X 2.7 X 25 = 20.25 3.150 63.79
E 0.3 X 1.2 X 25 = 9 0.600 5.40 surcharge static earth pressure surcharge static component dynamic increment
F 0.5 X 0.3 X 1.2 X 25 = 4.5 0.800 3.60
G 0.5 X 0.3 X 2.7 X 25 = 10.125 2.700 27.34 41.901 61.11 41.901 61.11 33.31
H 0.5 X 0.3 X 3.5 X 19 = 9.975 1.700 16.96 @ @ @ @ @
I 2.7 X 3.5 X 19 = 179.55 3.150 565.58 2.35 m 2.07 m 2.35 m 1.77 m 2.35 m
J 0.5 X 0.3 X 2.7 X 19 = 7.695 3.600 27.70 = 98.466 + = 126.49 = 98.466 + = 107.952 + = 78.275
K 0.5 X 3 X 1.5 X 19 = 42.75 3.500 149.63 = 224.954 kNm = 284.694 kNm
Check for Overturning $ : $
Total Weight(ΣW) : 332.220 kN 929.93 kNm Check for Overturning :
= 4.134 > 2 O.K. = 3.266 > 1.5 O.K.
Passive earth pressure @ base : Check for Sliding $ : Check for Sliding $ :
Kp = (1 + sinφ)/ (1 - sinφ) = 3.255 μ x ΣW = 1.808 > 1.5 O.K. μ x ΣW = 1.327 > 1.25 O.K.
h(max. depth of base) = 0.600 m FH FH
So,Passive earth pressure =K p ϒh= 37.102 kN/m 2 Where; μ = 0.5 For Soil Where; μ = 0.5 For Soil
Passive lateral force = 11.131 kN ($ : According to Cl.706.3.4. of IRC:78-2014)
Lateral force (Static Condition) FH : 41.9 + 61.11 - 11.13 = 91.87 kN
Lateral force (Seismic Condition) FH : 61.11 + 33.31 + 41.9 - 11.13 = 125.18 kN

c) Base Pressure:
Total Length @ base : 4.50 m ; Considered width of Base : 1.00 m
3
Area of Base : 4.50 Sq. m ; Section Modulus : 3.375 m
Under Static Condition; Under Seismic Condition;
Eccentricity @ Centre: L/2 - (Mbal -Mact )/ΣW = 0.128 m Eccentricity @ Centre: L/2 - (Mbal -Mact )/ΣW = 0.308 m
So, Moment @ centre of Base : 42.519 kNm So, Moment @ centre of Base : 102.259 kNm
2 2
P/A + M/Z = 86.425 kN/m P/A + M/Z = 104.126 kN/m
2 2
P/A - M/Z = 61.228 kN/m P/A - M/Z = 43.528 kN/m
Here, Pmax is Less than 100; Hence O.K. Here, Pmax is Less than 125; Hence O.K.
Here, Pmin is Greater than 0; Hence O.K. Here, Pmin is Greater than 0; Hence O.K.
2 2
Base pressure @ 0m from 'X' = 86.425 kN/m Base pressure @ 0m from 'X' = 104.126 kN/m
2 2
Base pressure @ 1.2m from 'X' = 79.706 kN/m (@ 'Y' ) Base pressure @ 1.2m from 'X' = 87.966 kN/m (@ 'Y' )
2 2
Base pressure @ 1.8m from 'X' = 76.346 kN/m (@ 'Z' ) Base pressure @ 1.8m from 'X' = 79.886 kN/m (@ 'Z' )
2 2
Base pressure @ 4.5m from 'X' = 61.228 kN/m Base pressure @ 4.5m from 'X' = 43.528 kN/m
4. DESIGN :
A)Design of Stem: Seismic condition will Govern the design :
1) At h = 3.50 m 1) At h = 3.50 m ; Service Moment = 202.905 kNm
Under Static Condition; Under Seismic Condition; ; Design Moment = 304.358 kNm
Eff. depth req. = 276.47 mm
Total Depth pro. = 600 mm ; Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm
Eff. depth pro. = 515 mm O.K.
2
Pt (req.) = 0.277 % So, Ast (req.) = 1424.98 m
2
Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 780.00 m
surcharge static earth pressure surcharge static component dynamic increment Main steel:
16 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C
41.901 61.11 41.901 61.11 33.31 + 20 Dia. @ 400 mm C/C
2
@ @ @ @ @ So, Ast (Prov.) = 1790.71 m O.K.
1.75 m 1.47 m 1.75 m 1.17 m 1.75 m Distribution Steel:
= 73.326 + = 89.824 = 73.326 + = 71.289 + = 58.290 + 12 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
2
= 163.150 kNm = 202.905 kNm So, Ast (Prov.) = 1130.97 m O.K.

2) At h = 1.75 m Check for Shear;

Under Static Condition; Under Seismic Condition; Eff. Depth At h= 3.500 m is ; de = 515.00 mm
Design Shear Force = 204.471 kN
2
Design Shear Stress: 0.397 N/mm
Pt(prov) = 0.348 % ; β = 10.018
2
Perm. Shear Stress: 0.426 N/mm O.K.

surcharge static earth pressure surcharge static component dynamic increment 2) At h = 1.75 m ; Service Moment = 34.529 kNm
; Design Moment = 51.793 kNm
20.950 15.28 20.950 15.28 8.33 Eff. depth req. = 114.05 mm
@ @ @ @ @ Total Depth pro. = 450 mm ; Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm
0.88 m 0.74 m 0.88 m 0.58 m 0.88 m Eff. depth pro. = 365 mm O.K.
2
= 18.332 + = 11.228 = 18.332 + = 8.911 + = 7.286 Pt (req.) = 0.091 % So, Ast (req.) = 331.38 m
2
= 29.560 kNm = 34.529 kNm Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 585.00 m
Main steel:
Check for Shear; 16 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C
Eff. Depth At h= 1.750 m is ; de = 365.0 mm + 20 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C
2
Design Shear Force = 66.831 kN So, Ast (Prov.) = 2576.11 m O.K.
2
Design Shear Stress: 0.183 N/mm Distribution Steel:
Pt(prov) = 0.706 % ; β = 4.935 + 12 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
2 2
Perm. Shear Stress: 0.572 N/mm O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 1130.97 m O.K.

B)Design of Heel Slab:

Under Static Condition;
2.700
Z Z Z Z Z

61.228 -66.989 -100.700 -15.000 -7.500 -46.972 -46.972

76.346 -5.642 -5.642
Mz = 120.996 kNm
:BASE PRESSURE: :SURCHARGE+BACKFILL: :SELFWEIGHT: :RESULTANT: Vz = 71.029 kN
Under Seismic Condition;
2.700
Z Z Z Z Z

43.528 -66.989 -100.700 -15.000 -7.500 -64.672 -64.672

79.886 -2.102 -2.102
Mz = 159.708 kNm
:BASE PRESSURE: :SURCHARGE+BACKFILL: :SELFWEIGHT: :RESULTANT: Vz = 90.145 kN
:Design will be govern by Max. moment ;
AT L/2 length of heel Slab (if needed-optional)
2.700 Service Moment = 159.708 kNm Service Moment = 49.430 kNm
Z So, Design moment = 239.562 kNm So, Design moment = 74.145 kNm
Eff. depth req. = 245.28 mm Eff. depth req. = 136.46 mm
Total Depth pro. = 600.00 mm Total Depth pro. = 450.00 mm
-64.672 Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm
-2.102 Eff. depth pro. = 519.0 mm O.K. Eff. depth pro. = 369.0 mm O.K.
2 2
Mz = 159.708 kNm Pt (req.) = 0.212 % So, Ast (req.) = 1100.54 m Pt (req.) = 0.128 % So, Ast (req.) = 472.22 m
2 2
Vz = 90.145 kN Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 780.00 m Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 585.00 m
1.350 Main steel: 12 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C Main steel:
10 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C 10 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C
+ 12 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C + 12 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C
2 2
So, Ast (Prov.) = 2089.16 m O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 958.19 m O.K.
-64.672 Distribution Steel: Distribution Steel:
-33.387 + 12 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C + 12 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
2 2
Mz = 49.430 kNm So, Ast (Prov.) = 1130.97 m O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 1130.97 m O.K.
Vz = 66.190 kN
Check for Shear; Check for Shear;
Effective depth : 519.0 mm Effective depth : 369.0 mm
Design Shear Force = 135.218 kN Design Shear Force = 99.285 kN
2 2
Design Shear Stress: 0.261 N/mm Design Shear Stress: 0.269 N/mm
Pt(prov) = 0.403 % ; β = 8.653 Pt(prov) = 0.260 % ; β = 13.414
2 2
Perm. Shear Stress: 0.453 N/mm O.K. Perm. Shear Stress: 0.375 N/mm O.K.
C)Design of Toe Slab:
Under Static Condition;
1.200
Y Y Y Y Y

79.706 0.000 0.000 -7.500 -15.000 64.706 64.706

86.425 78.925 78.925
Mz = 50.001 kNm
:BASE PRESSURE: :SURCHARGE+BACKFILL: :SELFWEIGHT: :RESULTANT: Vz = 86.179 kN
Under Seismic Condition;
1.200
Y Y Y Y Y

87.966 0.000 0.000 -7.500 -15.000 72.966 72.966

104.126 96.626 96.626
Mz = 58.214 kNm
:BASE PRESSURE: :SURCHARGE+BACKFILL: :SELFWEIGHT: :RESULTANT: Vz = 101.755 kN
:Design will be govern by Max. moment ;
AT L/2 length of heel Slab (if needed-optional)
1.200 Service Moment = 58.214 kNm Service Moment = 13.844 kNm
Y So, Design moment = 87.321 kNm So, Design moment = 20.766 kNm
Eff. depth req. = 148.09 mm Eff. depth req. = 72.22 mm
Total Depth pro. = 600.00 mm Total Depth pro. = 450.00 mm
72.966 Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm
96.626 Eff. depth pro. = 519.0 mm O.K. Eff. depth pro. = 369.0 mm O.K.
2 2
Mz = 58.214 kNm Pt (req.) = 0.076 % So, Ast (req.) = 391.90 m Pt (req.) = 0.035 % So, Ast (req.) = 130.20 m
2 2
Vz = 101.755 kN Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 780.00 m Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 585.00 m
0.600 Main steel: 12 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C Main steel:
10 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C 10 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C
+ 12 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C + 12 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C
2 2
So, Ast (Prov.) = 2089.16 m O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 958.19 m O.K.
72.966 Distribution Steel: Distribution Steel:
84.796 + 12 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C + 12 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
2 2
Mz = 13.844 kNm So, Ast (Prov.) = 1130.97 m O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 1130.97 m O.K.
Vz = 47.329 kN
Check for Shear; Check for Shear;
Effective depth : 519.0 mm Effective depth : 369.0 mm
Design Shear Force = 152.633 kN Design Shear Force = 70.993 kN
2 2
Design Shear Stress: 0.294 N/mm Design Shear Stress: 0.192 N/mm
Pt(prov) = 0.403 % ; β = 8.653 Pt(prov) = 0.260 % ; β = 13.414
2 2
Perm. Shear Stress: 0.453 N/mm O.K. Perm. Shear Stress: 0.375 N/mm O.K.
 : ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF CANTILEVER RETAINING WALL :
h= 3.5 to 4.5m 1. INPUT:
a) Geometry : b) Material :
1.750 Height of wall : 4.500 m Grade of Concrete : M 30
0.300 K Thk. of wall @ top : 0.300 m Density of Concrete: 25 kN/m3
i Thk. of wall @ bott. : 0.800 m Grade of Steel : Fe 500
Max. Thk. of base : 0.850 m Density of Soil (ϒ) : 19 kN/m3
Length of Heel : 3.000 m
H Thk. of Heel @ end: 0.300 m Friction Co-efficient φ : 32 Degree
α Length of Toe : 2.000 m C: 18 kN/m2
Thk. of Toe @ end: 0.300 m i: 26.57 Degree
I Foundation to be rested on the Soil α: 6.34 Degree
4.500 A SBC of Soil : 170 kN/m2 δ* : 21.33 Degree
(*Acc. To Cl.214.1.4. of IRC:6-2016)
c) Seismic : According to Cl. 25.2 of IS:1893(part 3):2014;
B Location : SURAT = 1.050 So, n = 0.23
Zone: III
Y Z: 0.16 where; Nφ = 0.307
F Z G J Ah = 0.08 (N a ϒm ) dyn = 0.609 (N a ϒm ) st = 0.469
0.300 0.850 C 0.300 Av = 0.053 (N aq m ) dyn = 0.339 (N aq m ) st = 0.263
E D
(N ac m ) dyn = 1.280 (N ac m ) st = 1.280
X
2.000 0.800 3.000
For, (N a ϒm ) st For, (N aq m ) st For, (N ac m ) st
i= 0 i = 10 i= 0 i = 10 i= 0
(N a ϒm ) st n (N a ϒm ) st n (N a ϒm ) st (N aq m ) st n (N aq m ) st n (N aq m ) st n (N aq m ) st
0.469 0 0.28 0 0.393 0.263 0 0.3 0 0.3067 0 1.643
0.2 0.28 0.2 0.357 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.28889
0.23 0.280 0.23 0.351 0.23 0.300 0.23 0.286 = 0.779

For, λ1
FOR , n= 0.000 and i= 0.000
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 6.34
30 1.133 1.108 1.125 30 1.278 1.228 1.262 32.00 1.214
40 1.156 1.123 1.146 40 1.327 1.258 1.305 λ1 i = 0.000 i = 10.000
32.00 1.129 32.00 1.271 1.214 n λ1 n λ1
0.00 1.214 0.00 1.247
FOR , n= 0.000 and i= 10.000 0.40 1.203 0.40 1.234
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08 0.23 1.207 0.23 1.240
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 6.34
30 1.151 1.128 1.144 30 1.323 1.276 1.308 32.00 1.247 So, λ1 = 1.293
40 1.168 1.137 1.158 40 1.356 1.292 1.336 λ1
32.00 1.147 32.00 1.314 1.247 (N aq m ) dyn = λ1 x (N aq m ) st

FOR , n= 0.400 and i= 0.000

Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 6.34
30 1.133 1.086 1.118 30 1.279 1.182 1.248 32.00 1.203
40 1.155 1.101 1.138 40 1.327 1.21 1.290 λ1
32.00 1.122 32.00 1.257 1.203

FOR , n= 0.400 and i= 10.000

Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 6.34
30 1.151 1.105 1.136 30 1.323 1.225 1.292 32.00 1.234
40 1.168 1.114 1.151 40 1.357 1.242 1.321 λ1
32.00 1.139 32.00 1.298 1.234

For, λ2
FOR , n= 0.000 and i= 0.000
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 6.34
30 1.133 1.108 1.125 30 1.278 1.228 1.262 32.00 1.214
40 1.156 1.123 1.146 40 1.327 1.258 1.305 λ2 i = 0.000 i = 10.000
32.00 1.129 32.00 1.271 1.214 n λ2 n λ2
0.00 1.214 0.00 1.247
FOR , n= 0.000 and i= 10.000 0.40 1.211 0.40 1.243
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08 0.23 1.212 0.23 1.245
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 6.34
30 1.151 1.128 1.144 30 1.323 1.276 1.308 32.00 1.247 So, λ2 = 1.299
40 1.168 1.137 1.158 40 1.356 1.292 1.336 λ2
32.00 1.147 32.00 1.314 1.247 (N a ϒm ) dyn = λ2 x (N a ϒm ) st
FOR , n= 0.400 and i= 0.000
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 6.34
30 1.133 1.102 1.123 30 1.279 1.214 1.258 32.00 1.211
40 1.156 1.116 1.143 40 1.327 1.243 1.300 λ2
32.00 1.127 32.00 1.267 1.211

FOR , n= 0.400 and i= 10.000

Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 6.34 φ α = 6.34
30 1.151 1.122 1.142 30 1.323 1.262 1.304 32.00 1.243
40 1.168 1.13 1.156 40 1.357 1.277 1.332 λ2
32.00 1.145 32.00 1.309 1.243

2. LOADING :
q = Δ = K0 ϒ heq = 7.005 kN/m2 ; Where heq = 1.2 m (According to Cl. 214.1.1.3 of IRC:6-2016)
; Where K0 = (1 - sinφ)/ (1 + sinφ) = 0.307
b)Earth Pressure in Static Condition:
= -5.24 kN/m2

; Total Lateral Force: -11.78 kN/m Acting @ 0.33 h = 1.49 m (According to Cl. 214.1.4 of IRC:6-2016)
c)Earth Pressure in Seismic condition:
Total Earth Pressure = Static component + Dynamic Increment = = 24.12 kN/m2
2
where; Static Component (Ah=Av=λ =0) = -5.24 kN/m ; Lateral Force: -11.78 kN/m Acting @ 0.33 h = 1.49 m (According to Cl. 214.1.2.1
So; Dynamic Increment = Total - Static = 29.35 kN/m2 ; Lateral Force: 66.04 kN/m Acting @ 0.33h = 1.49 m of IRC:6-2016)
 : ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF CANTILEVER RETAINING WALL :
h= 3.5 to 4.5m
1. INPUT:
a) Geometry : b) Material :
1.750 Height of wall : 4.500 m Grade of Concrete : M 30
3
0.300 K Thk. of wall @ top : 0.300 m Density of Concrete: 25 kN/m
β Thk. of wall @ bott. : 0.800 m Grade of Steel : Fe 500
3
Max. Thk. of base : 0.850 m Density of Soil (ϒ) : 19 kN/m
Length of Heel : 3.000 m
H Thk. of Heel @ end: 0.300 m Friction Co-efficient φ : 32 Degree
α Length of Toe : 2.000 m β: 26.57 Degree
Thk. of Toe @ end: 0.300 m α: 6.34 Degree
I Foundation to be rested on the Soil δ* : 21.3333333 Degree
4.500 A SBC of Soil : 170 kN/m2 (*Acc. To Cl.214.1.1.1. of IRC:6-2016)
c) Seismic : Active pressure co-efficient in Static Condition :
Location : SURAT
B Zone: III = 0.548
Z: 0.16
Y Ah = 0.08 Active pressure co-efficient in Seismic Condition :
F Z G J Av = 0.053
0.300 0.850 C 0.300
E D

X For, +Av ; Ca= 0.844

2.000 0.800 3.000 For, -Av ; Ca= 0.818 Cosidering Max. of Ca = 0.844
2. LOADING :
a)Earth Pressure in Static Condition:
Kaϒ h = 46.82 kN/m2 ; Total Lateral Force: 105.34 kN/m Acting @ 0.42 h = 1.89 m (According to Cl. 214.1.1.1 of IRC:6-2016)
b)Earth Pressure in Seismic condition:
2
Total Earth Pressure = Static component + Dynamic Increment = Ca ϒ h = 72.19 kN/m
2
where; Static Component (Ah=Av=λ =0) = 46.82 kN/m ; Lateral Force: 105.34 kN/m Acting @ 0.33 h = 1.50 m (According to Cl.
2
So; Dynamic Increment = Total - Static = 25.37 kN/m ; Lateral Force: 57.09 kN/m Acting @ 0.5h = 2.25 m 214.1.2.1 of IRC:6-2016)
c)Live Load Surcharge:
2
Δ = Ka ϒ heq = 12.485 kN/m ; Where heq = 1.2 m (According to Cl. 214.1.1.3 of IRC:6-2016)
3. ANALYSIS :
a)Balancing Moment @ "X": b)Acting Moment @ "X":
Leverarm Moment @ Under Static Condition; Under Seismic Condition;
Portion Weight
from "X" "X"
A 0.3 X 4.5 X 25 = 33.75 2.150 72.56
B 0.5 X 0.5 X 4.5 X 25 = 28.125 2.467 69.38
C 0.85 X 0.8 X 25 = 17 2.400 40.80
D 0.3 X 3 X 25 = 22.5 4.300 96.75
E 0.3 X 2 X 25 = 15 1.000 15.00 surcharge static earth pressure surcharge static component dynamic increment
F 0.5 X 0.55 X 2 X 25 = 13.75 1.333 18.33
G 0.5 X 0.55 X 3 X 25 = 20.625 3.800 78.38 56.181 105.34 56.181 105.34 57.09
H 0.5 X 0.5 X 4.5 X 19 = 21.375 2.633 56.29 @ @ @ @ @
I 3 X 4.5 X 19 = 256.5 4.300 1102.95 3.10 m 2.74 m 3.10 m 2.35 m 3.10 m
J 0.5 X 0.55 X 3 X 19 = 15.675 4.800 75.24 = 174.160 + = 288.63 = 174.160 + = 247.546 + = 176.974
K 0.5 X 3.5 X 1.75 X 19 = 58.1875 4.633 269.60 = 462.788 kNm = 598.680 kNm
$ $
Total Weight(ΣW) : 502.488 kN 1895.28 kNm Check for Overturning : Check for Overturning :
= 4.095 > 2 O.K. = 3.166 > 1.5 O.K.
Passive earth pressure @ base : Check for Sliding $ : Check for Sliding $ :
Kp = (1 + sinφ)/ (1 - sinφ) = 3.255 μ x ΣW = 1.805 > 1.5 O.K. μ x ΣW = 1.280 > 1.25 O.K.
h(max. depth of base) = 0.850 m FH FH
So,Passive earth pressure =K p ϒh= 52.562 kN/m 2 Where; μ = 0.5 For Soil Where; μ = 0.5 For Soil
Passive lateral force = 22.339 kN ($ : According to Cl.706.3.4. of IRC:78-2014)
Lateral force (Static Condition) FH : 56.18 + 105.34 - 22.34 = 139.18 kN
Lateral force (Seismic Condition) FH : 105.34 + 57.09 + 56.18 - 22.34 = 196.27 kN

c) Base Pressure:
Total Length @ base : 5.80 m ; Considered width of Base : 1.00 m
3
Area of Base : 5.80 Sq. m ; Section Modulus : 5.607 m
Under Static Condition; Under Seismic Condition;
Eccentricity @ Centre: L/2 - (Mbal -Mact )/ΣW = 0.049 m Eccentricity @ Centre: L/2 - (Mbal -Mact )/ΣW = 0.320 m
So, Moment @ centre of Base : 24.726 kNm So, Moment @ centre of Base : 160.618 kNm
2 2
P/A + M/Z = 91.046 kN/m P/A + M/Z = 115.284 kN/m
2 2
P/A - M/Z = 82.226 kN/m P/A - M/Z = 57.988 kN/m
Here, Pmax is Less than 170; Hence O.K. Here, Pmax is Less than 212.5; Hence O.K.
Here, Pmin is Greater than 0; Hence O.K. Here, Pmin is Greater than 0; Hence O.K.
2 2
Base pressure @ 0m from 'X' = 91.046 kN/m Base pressure @ 0m from 'X' = 115.284 kN/m
2 2
Base pressure @ 2m from 'X' = 88.004 kN/m (@ 'Y' ) Base pressure @ 2m from 'X' = 95.526 kN/m (@ 'Y' )
2 2
Base pressure @ 2.8m from 'X' = 86.788 kN/m (@ 'Z' ) Base pressure @ 2.8m from 'X' = 87.624 kN/m (@ 'Z' )
2 2
Base pressure @ 5.8m from 'X' = 82.226 kN/m Base pressure @ 5.8m from 'X' = 57.988 kN/m
4. DESIGN :
A)Design of Stem: Seismic condition will Govern the design :
1) At h = 4.50 m 1) At h = 4.50 m ; Service Moment = 412.863 kNm
Under Static Condition; Under Seismic Condition; ; Design Moment = 619.295 kNm
Eff. depth req. = 394.38 mm
Total Depth pro. = 800 mm ; Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm
Eff. depth pro. = 712.5 mm O.K.
2
Pt (req.) = 0.295 % So, Ast (req.) = 2102.54 m
2
Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 1040.00 m
surcharge static earth pressure surcharge static component dynamic increment Main steel: 20 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C
20 Dia. @ 400 mm C/C
56.181 105.34 56.181 105.34 57.09 + 25 Dia. @ 400 mm C/C
2
@ @ @ @ @ So, Ast (Prov.) = 3583.38 m O.K.
2.25 m 1.89 m 2.25 m 1.50 m 2.25 m Distribution Steel:
= 126.406 + = 199.090 = 126.406 + = 158.008 + = 128.449 + 16 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
2
= 325.497 kNm = 412.863 kNm So, Ast (Prov.) = 2010.62 m O.K.

2) At h = 2.25 m Check for Shear;

Under Static Condition; Under Seismic Condition; Eff. Depth At h= 4.500 m is ; de = 712.50 mm
Design Shear Force = 327.912 kN
2
Design Shear Stress: 0.460 N/mm
Pt(prov) = 0.503 % ; β = 6.926
2
Perm. Shear Stress: 0.498 N/mm O.K.

surcharge static earth pressure surcharge static component dynamic increment 2) At h = 2.25 m ; Service Moment = 67.409 kNm
; Design Moment = 101.113 kNm
28.090 26.33 28.090 26.33 14.27 Eff. depth req. = 159.35 mm
@ @ @ @ @ Total Depth pro. = 575 mm ; Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm
1.13 m 0.95 m 1.13 m 0.75 m 1.13 m Eff. depth pro. = 487.5 mm O.K.
2
= 31.602 + = 24.886 = 31.602 + = 19.751 + = 16.056 Pt (req.) = 0.100 % So, Ast (req.) = 485.09 m
2
= 56.488 kNm = 67.409 kNm Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 747.50 m
Main steel:
Check for Shear; 20 Dia. @ 400 mm C/C
Eff. Depth At h= 2.250 m is ; de = 487.5 mm + 25 Dia. @ 400 mm C/C
2
Design Shear Force = 103.046 kN So, Ast (Prov.) = 2012.58 m O.K.
2
Design Shear Stress: 0.211 N/mm Distribution Steel:
Pt(prov) = 0.413 % ; β = 8.437 + 12 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
2 2
Perm. Shear Stress: 0.458 N/mm O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 1130.97 m O.K.

B)Design of Heel Slab:

Under Static Condition;
3.000
Z Z Z Z Z

82.226 -86.556 -129.200 -21.250 -7.500 -54.474 -54.474

86.788 -21.018 -21.018
Mz = 194.950 kNm
:BASE PRESSURE: :SURCHARGE+BACKFILL: :SELFWEIGHT: :RESULTANT: Vz = 113.238 kN
Under Seismic Condition;
3.000
Z Z Z Z Z

57.988 -86.556 -129.200 -21.250 -7.500 -78.712 -78.712

87.624 -20.182 -20.182
Mz = 266.409 kNm
:BASE PRESSURE: :SURCHARGE+BACKFILL: :SELFWEIGHT: :RESULTANT: Vz = 148.341 kN
:Design will be govern by Max. moment ;
AT L/2 length of heel Slab (if needed-optional)
3.000 Service Moment = 266.409 kNm Service Moment = 77.577 kNm
Z So, Design moment = 399.613 kNm So, Design moment = 116.365 kNm
Eff. depth req. = 316.80 mm Eff. depth req. = 170.95 mm
Total Depth pro. = 850.00 mm Total Depth pro. = 575.00 mm
-78.712 Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm
-20.182 Eff. depth pro. = 765.0 mm O.K. Eff. depth pro. = 490.0 mm O.K.
2 2
Mz = 266.409 kNm Pt (req.) = 0.161 % So, Ast (req.) = 1234.66 m Pt (req.) = 0.114 % So, Ast (req.) = 556.75 m
2 2
Vz = 148.341 kN Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 1105.00 m Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 747.50 m
1.500 Main steel: Main steel:
16 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C 16 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C
+ 20 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C + 20 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C
2 2
So, Ast (Prov.) = 2576.11 m O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 2576.11 m O.K.
-78.712 Distribution Steel: Distribution Steel:
-49.447 + 16 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C + 12 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
2 2
Mz = 77.577 kNm So, Ast (Prov.) = 2010.62 m O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 1130.97 m O.K.
Vz = 96.119 kN
Check for Shear; Check for Shear;
Effective depth : 765.0 mm Effective depth : 490.0 mm
Design Shear Force = 222.511 kN Design Shear Force = 144.179 kN
2 2
Design Shear Stress: 0.291 N/mm Design Shear Stress: 0.294 N/mm
Pt(prov) = 0.337 % ; β = 10.344 Pt(prov) = 0.526 % ; β = 6.626
2 2
Perm. Shear Stress: 0.420 N/mm O.K. Perm. Shear Stress: 0.507 N/mm O.K.
C)Design of Toe Slab:
Under Static Condition;
2.000
Y Y Y Y Y

88.004 0.000 0.000 -7.500 -21.250 66.754 66.754

91.046 83.546 83.546
Mz = 144.703 kNm
:BASE PRESSURE: :SURCHARGE+BACKFILL: :SELFWEIGHT: :RESULTANT: Vz = 150.300 kN
Under Seismic Condition;
2.000
Y Y Y Y Y

95.526 0.000 0.000 -7.500 -21.250 74.276 74.276

115.284 107.784 107.784
Mz = 170.891 kNm
:BASE PRESSURE: :SURCHARGE+BACKFILL: :SELFWEIGHT: :RESULTANT: Vz = 182.060 kN
:Design will be govern by Max. moment ;
AT L/2 length of heel Slab (if needed-optional)
2.000 Service Moment = 170.891 kNm Service Moment = 39.930 kNm
Y So, Design moment = 256.336 kNm So, Design moment = 59.896 kNm
Eff. depth req. = 253.73 mm Eff. depth req. = 122.65 mm
Total Depth pro. = 850.00 mm Total Depth pro. = 575.00 mm
74.276 Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm
107.784 Eff. depth pro. = 767.0 mm O.K. Eff. depth pro. = 492.0 mm O.K.
2 2
Mz = 170.891 kNm Pt (req.) = 0.102 % So, Ast (req.) = 781.96 m Pt (req.) = 0.057 % So, Ast (req.) = 282.71 m
2 2
Vz = 182.060 kN Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 1105.00 m Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 747.50 m
1.000 Main steel: Main steel:
16 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C 16 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
+ 0 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C + 0 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
2 2
So, Ast (Prov.) = 2010.62 m O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 2010.62 m O.K.
74.276 Distribution Steel: Distribution Steel:
91.030 + 16 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C + 12 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
2 2
Mz = 39.930 kNm So, Ast (Prov.) = 2010.62 m O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 1130.97 m O.K.
Vz = 82.653 kN
Check for Shear; Check for Shear;
Effective depth : 767.0 mm Effective depth : 492.0 mm
Design Shear Force = 273.090 kN Design Shear Force = 123.980 kN
2 2
Design Shear Stress: 0.356 N/mm Design Shear Stress: 0.252 N/mm
Pt(prov) = 0.262 % ; β = 13.288 Pt(prov) = 0.409 % ; β = 8.524
2 2
Perm. Shear Stress: 0.377 N/mm O.K. Perm. Shear Stress: 0.456 N/mm O.K.
 : ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF CANTILEVER RETAINING WALL :
h= 7.0 to 8.5m 1. INPUT:
a) Geometry : b) Material :
0.793 Height of wall : 8.500 m Grade of Concrete : M 30
0.300 K Thk. of wall @ top : 0.300 m Density of Concrete: 25 kN/m3
i Thk. of wall @ bott. : 1.600 m Grade of Steel : Fe 500
Max. Thk. of base : 1.800 m Density of Soil (ϒ) : 19 kN/m3
Length of Heel : 3.200 m
H Thk. of Heel @ end: 0.300 m Friction Co-efficient φ : 32 Degree
α Length of Toe : 3.100 m C: 18 kN/m2
Thk. of Toe @ end: 0.300 m i: 10.00 Degree
I Foundation to be rested on the Soil α: 8.70 Degree
8.500 A SBC of Soil : 190 kN/m2 δ* : 21.33 Degree
(*Acc. To Cl.214.1.4. of IRC:6-2016)
c) Seismic : According to Cl. 25.2 of IS:1893(part 3):2014;
B Location : SURAT = 1.050 So, n = 0.12
Zone: III
Y Z: 0.16 where; Nφ = 0.307
F Z G J Ah = 0.08 (N a ϒm ) dyn = 0.460 (N a ϒm ) st = 0.371
0.300 1.800 C 0.300 Av = 0.053 (N aq m ) dyn = 0.366 (N aq m ) st = 0.296
E D
(N ac m ) dyn = 1.445 (N ac m ) st = 1.445
X
3.100 1.600 3.200
For, (N a ϒm ) st For, (N aq m ) st For, (N ac m ) st
i= 0 i = 10 i= 0 i = 10 i= 0
(N a ϒm ) st n (N a ϒm ) st n (N a ϒm ) st (N aq m ) st n (N aq m ) st n (N aq m ) st n (N aq m ) st
0.371 0 0.28 0 0.393 0.296 0 0.3 0 0.3067 0 1.643
0.2 0.28 0.2 0.357 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.28889
0.12 0.280 0.12 0.371 0.12 0.300 0.12 0.296 = 0.880

For, λ1
FOR , n= 0.000 and i= 0.000
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 8.70
30 1.133 1.108 1.122 30 1.278 1.228 1.256 32.00 1.209
40 1.156 1.123 1.142 40 1.327 1.258 1.297 λ1 i = 0.000 i = 10.000
32.00 1.126 32.00 1.264 1.209 n λ1 n λ1
0.00 1.209 0.00 1.242
FOR , n= 0.000 and i= 10.000 0.40 1.193 0.40 1.225
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08 0.12 1.204 0.12 1.237
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 8.70
30 1.151 1.128 1.141 30 1.323 1.276 1.303 32.00 1.242 So, λ1 = 1.237
40 1.168 1.137 1.155 40 1.356 1.292 1.328 λ1
32.00 1.144 32.00 1.308 1.242 (N aq m ) dyn = λ1 x (N aq m ) st

FOR , n= 0.400 and i= 0.000

Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 8.70
30 1.133 1.086 1.113 30 1.279 1.182 1.237 32.00 1.193
40 1.155 1.101 1.132 40 1.327 1.21 1.276 λ1
32.00 1.116 32.00 1.245 1.193

FOR , n= 0.400 and i= 10.000

Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 8.70
30 1.151 1.105 1.131 30 1.323 1.225 1.280 32.00 1.225
40 1.168 1.114 1.145 40 1.357 1.242 1.307 λ1
32.00 1.134 32.00 1.286 1.225

For, λ2
FOR , n= 0.000 and i= 0.000
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 8.70
30 1.133 1.108 1.122 30 1.278 1.228 1.256 32.00 1.209
40 1.156 1.123 1.142 40 1.327 1.258 1.297 λ2 i = 0.000 i = 10.000
32.00 1.126 32.00 1.264 1.209 n λ2 n λ2
0.00 1.209 0.00 1.242
FOR , n= 0.000 and i= 10.000 0.40 1.205 0.40 1.237
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08 0.12 1.208 0.12 1.241
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 8.70
30 1.151 1.128 1.141 30 1.323 1.276 1.303 32.00 1.242 So, λ2 = 1.241
40 1.168 1.137 1.155 40 1.356 1.292 1.328 λ2
32.00 1.144 32.00 1.308 1.242 (N a ϒm ) dyn = λ2 x (N a ϒm ) st
FOR , n= 0.400 and i= 0.000
Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 8.70
30 1.133 1.102 1.120 30 1.279 1.214 1.251 32.00 1.205
40 1.156 1.116 1.139 40 1.327 1.243 1.290 λ2
32.00 1.123 32.00 1.259 1.205

FOR , n= 0.400 and i= 10.000

Ah = 0.05 Ah = 0.1 Ah = 0.08
φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 0.00 α = 20.00 α = 8.70 φ α = 8.70
30 1.151 1.122 1.138 30 1.323 1.262 1.296 32.00 1.237
40 1.168 1.13 1.151 40 1.357 1.277 1.322 λ2
32.00 1.141 32.00 1.302 1.237

2. LOADING :
q = Δ = K0 ϒ heq = 7.005 kN/m2 ; Where heq = 1.2 m (According to Cl. 214.1.1.3 of IRC:6-2016)
; Where K0 = (1 - sinφ)/ (1 + sinφ) = 0.307
b)Earth Pressure in Static Condition:
= 50.95 kN/m2

; Total Lateral Force: 216.55 kN/m Acting @ 0.33 h = 2.81 m (According to Cl. 214.1.4 of IRC:6-2016)
c)Earth Pressure in Seismic condition:
Total Earth Pressure = Static component + Dynamic Increment = = 116.36 kN/m2
2
where; Static Component (Ah=Av=λ =0) = 50.95 kN/m ; Lateral Force: 216.55 kN/m Acting @ 0.33 h = 2.81 m (According to Cl. 214.1.2.1
So; Dynamic Increment = Total - Static = 65.41 kN/m2 ; Lateral Force: 277.98 kN/m Acting @ 0.33h = 2.81 m of IRC:6-2016)

3. ANALYSIS :
a)Balancing Moment @ "X": b)Acting Moment @ "X":
Leverarm Moment @ Under Static Condition; Under Seismic Condition;
Portion Weight
from "X" "X"
A 0.3 X 8.5 X 25 = 63.75 3.250 207.19
B 0.5 X 1.3 X 8.5 X 25 = 138.125 3.833 529.48
C 1.8 X 1.6 X 25 = 72 3.900 280.80
D 0.3 X 3.2 X 25 = 24 6.300 151.20
E 0.3 X 3.1 X 25 = 23.25 1.550 36.04 static earth pressure static component dynamic increment
F 0.5 X 1.5 X 3.1 X 25 = 58.125 2.067 120.13
G 0.5 X 1.5 X 3.2 X 25 = 60 5.767 346.00 216.55 216.55 277.98
H 0.5 X 1.3 X 8.5 X 19 = 104.975 4.267 447.89 @ @ @
I 3.2 X 8.5 X 19 = 516.8 6.300 3255.84 4.61 m 4.61 m 4.61 m
J 0.5 X 1.5 X 3.2 X 19 = 45.6 6.833 311.60 = 997.22 = 997.224 + = 1280.091
K 0.5 X 4.5 X 0.793 X 19 = 33.90075 6.400 216.96 = 997.224 kNm = 2277.32 kNm
Total Weight(ΣW) : 1140.526 kN 5903.13 kNm Check for Overturning $ : Check for Overturning $ :
= 5.920 > 2 O.K. = 2.592 > 1.5 O.K.
Passive earth pressure @ base : Check for Sliding $ : Check for Sliding $ :
Kp = (1 + sinφ)/ (1 - sinφ) = 3.255 μ x ΣW = 4.900 > 1.5 O.K. μ x ΣW = 1.446 > 1.25 O.K.
h(max. depth of base) = 1.800 m FH FH
2
So,Passive earth pressure =K p ϒh= 111.307 kN/m Where; μ = 0.5 For Soil Where; μ = 0.5 For Soil
Passive lateral force = 100.176 kN ($ : According to Cl.706.3.4. of IRC:78-2014)
Lateral force (Static Condition) FH : 216.55 - 100.18 = 116.38 kN
Lateral force (Seismic Condition) FH : 216.55 + 277.98 - 100.18 = 394.35 kN

c) Base Pressure:
Total Length @ base : 7.90 m ; Considered width of Base : 1.00 m
Area of Base : 7.90 Sq. m ; Section Modulus : 10.402 m3
Under Static Condition; Under Seismic Condition;
Eccentricity @ Centre: L/2 - (Mbal -Mact )/ΣW = -0.351 m Eccentricity @ Centre: L/2 - (Mbal -Mact )/ΣW = 0.771 m
So, Moment @ centre of Base : -400.827 kNm So, Moment @ centre of Base : 879.265 kNm
P/A + M/Z = 105.836 kN/m2 P/A + M/Z = 228.901 kN/m2
P/A - M/Z = 182.905 kN/m2 P/A - M/Z = 59.839 kN/m2
Here, Pmax is Less than 190; Hence O.K. Here, Pmax is Less than 237.5; Hence O.K.
Here, Pmin is Greater than 0; Hence O.K. Here, Pmin is Greater than 0; Hence O.K.
Base pressure @ 0m from 'X' = 105.836 kN/m2 Base pressure @ 0m from 'X' = 228.901 kN/m2
Base pressure @ 3.1m from 'X' = 136.078 kN/m2 (@ 'Y' ) Base pressure @ 3.1m from 'X' = 162.561 kN/m2 (@ 'Y' )
Base pressure @ 4.7m from 'X' = 151.687 kN/m2 (@ 'Z' ) Base pressure @ 4.7m from 'X' = 128.320 kN/m2 (@ 'Z' )
Base pressure @ 7.9m from 'X' = 182.905 kN/m2 Base pressure @ 7.9m from 'X' = 59.839 kN/m2
4. DESIGN :
A)Design of Stem: Seismic condition will Govern the design :
1) At h = 8.50 m 1) At h = 8.50 m ; Service Moment = 1387.159 kNm
Under Static Condition; Under Seismic Condition; ; Design Moment = 2080.739 kNm
Eff. depth req. = 722.89 mm
Total Depth pro. = 1600 mm ; Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm
Eff. depth pro. = 1512.5 mm O.K.
Pt (req.) = 0.217 % So, Ast (req.) = 3282.86 m2
Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 2080.00 m2
static earth pressure static component dynamic increment Main steel:
20 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
216.55 216.55 277.98 + 25 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
@ @ @ So, Ast (Prov.) = 8050.33 m2 O.K.
2.81 m 2.81 m 2.81 m Distribution Steel:
= 607.430 = 607.430 + = 779.730 + 20 Dia. @ 150 mm C/C
2
= 607.430 kNm = 1387.159 kNm So, Ast (Prov.) = 2094.40 m O.K.
2) At h = 4.25 m Check for Shear;
Under Static Condition; Under Seismic Condition; Eff. Depth At h= 8.500 m is ; de = 1512.50 mm
Design Shear Force = 741.797 kN
2
Design Shear Stress: 0.490 N/mm
Pt(prov) = 0.532 % ; β = 6.544
Perm. Shear Stress: 0.510 N/mm2 O.K.

static earth pressure static component dynamic increment 2) At h = 4.25 m ; Service Moment = 82.597 kNm
; Design Moment = 123.895 kNm
38.14 38.14 20.75 Eff. depth req. = 176.40 mm
@ @ @ Total Depth pro. = 950 mm ; Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm
1.40 m 1.40 m 1.40 m Eff. depth pro. = 865 mm O.K.
2
= 53.496 = 53.496 + = 29.101 Pt (req.) = 0.038 % So, Ast (req.) = 331.55 m
2
= 53.496 kNm = 82.597 kNm Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 1235.00 m
Main steel:
Check for Shear; 20 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C
Eff. Depth At h= 4.250 m is ; de = 865.0 mm + 0 Dia. @ 200 mm C/C
Design Shear Force = 88.339 kN So, Ast (Prov.) = 1570.80 m2 O.K.
Design Shear Stress: 0.102 N/mm2 Distribution Steel:
Pt(prov) = 0.182 % ; β = 19.182 + 16 Dia. @ 150 mm C/C
Perm. Shear Stress: 0.320 N/mm2 O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 1340.41 m2 O.K.

B)Design of Heel Slab:

Under Static Condition;
3.200
Z Z Z Z Z

182.905 -165.855 -205.067 -45.000 -7.500 -29.662 -29.662

151.687 -59.168 -59.168
Mz = 202.226 kNm
:BASE PRESSURE: :SURCHARGE+BACKFILL: :SELFWEIGHT: :RESULTANT: Vz = 142.128 kN
Under Seismic Condition;
3.200
Z Z Z Z Z

59.839 -165.855 -205.067 -45.000 -7.500 -152.728 -152.728

128.320 -82.535 -82.535
Mz = 662.171 kNm
:BASE PRESSURE: :SURCHARGE+BACKFILL: :SELFWEIGHT: :RESULTANT: Vz = 376.421 kN
:Design will be govern by Max. moment ;
AT L/2 length of heel Slab (if needed-optional)
3.200 Service Moment = 662.171 kNm Service Moment = 180.517 kNm
Z So, Design moment = 993.256 kNm So, Design moment = 270.776 kNm
Eff. depth req. = 499.45 mm Eff. depth req. = 260.78 mm
Total Depth pro. = 1800.00 mm Total Depth pro. = 1050.00 mm
-152.728 Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm
-82.535 Eff. depth pro. = 1717.0 mm O.K. Eff. depth pro. = 967.0 mm O.K.
Mz = 662.171 kNm Pt (req.) = 0.079 % So, Ast (req.) = 1348.15 m2 Pt (req.) = 0.067 % So, Ast (req.) = 651.35 m2
Vz = 376.421 kN Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 2340.00 m2 Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 1365.00 m2
1.600 Main steel: Main steel:
16 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C 16 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
+ 16 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C + 0 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
So, Ast (Prov.) = 4021.24 m2 O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 2010.62 m2 O.K.
-152.728 Distribution Steel: Distribution Steel:
-117.631 + 20 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C + 16 Dia. @ 125 mm C/C
Mz = 180.517 kNm So, Ast (Prov.) = 3141.59 m2 O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 1608.50 m2 O.K.
Vz = 216.287 kN
Check for Shear; Check for Shear;
Effective depth : 1717.0 mm Effective depth : 967.0 mm
Design Shear Force = 564.631 kN Design Shear Force = 324.431 kN
2 2
Design Shear Stress: 0.329 N/mm Design Shear Stress: 0.336 N/mm
Pt(prov) = 0.234 % ; β = 14.873 Pt(prov) = 0.208 % ; β = 16.753
Perm. Shear Stress: 0.358 N/mm2 O.K. Perm. Shear Stress: 0.340 N/mm2 O.K.

C)Design of Toe Slab:

Under Static Condition;
3.100
Y Y Y Y Y

136.078 0.000 0.000 -7.500 -45.000 91.078 91.078

105.836 98.336 98.336
Mz = 449.254 kNm
:BASE PRESSURE: :SURCHARGE+BACKFILL: :SELFWEIGHT: :RESULTANT: Vz = 293.591 kN
Under Seismic Condition;
3.100
Y Y Y Y Y

162.561 0.000 0.000 -7.500 -45.000 117.561 117.561

228.901 221.401 221.401
Mz = 731.197 kNm
:BASE PRESSURE: :SURCHARGE+BACKFILL: :SELFWEIGHT: :RESULTANT: Vz = 525.391 kN
:Design will be govern by Max. moment ;
AT L/2 length of heel Slab (if needed-optional)
3.100 Service Moment = 731.197 kNm Service Moment = 162.009 kNm
Y So, Design moment = 1096.796 kNm So, Design moment = 243.014 kNm
Eff. depth req. = 524.84 mm Eff. depth req. = 358.56 mm
Total Depth pro. = 1800.00 mm Total Depth pro. = 1050.00 mm
117.561 Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm Clear cover prov. = 75.0 mm
221.401 Eff. depth pro. = 1712.5 mm O.K. Eff. depth pro. = 965.0 mm O.K.
Mz = 731.197 kNm Pt (req.) = 0.087 % So, Ast (req.) = 1494.82 m2 Pt (req.) = 0.061 % So, Ast (req.) = 585.12 m2
Vz = 525.391 kN Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 2340.00 m2 Pt (min.) = 0.130 % So, Ast (min.) = 1365.00 m2
1.550 Main steel: Main steel:
20 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C 20 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
+ 25 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C + 0 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C
So, Ast (Prov.) = 8050.33 m2 O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 3141.59 m2 O.K.
117.561 Distribution Steel: Distribution Steel:
169.481 + 20 Dia. @ 100 mm C/C + 16 Dia. @ 125 mm C/C
Mz = 162.009 kNm So, Ast (Prov.) = 3141.59 m2 O.K. So, Ast (Prov.) = 1608.50 m2 O.K.
Vz = 222.457 kN
Check for Shear; Check for Shear;
Effective depth : 1712.5 mm Effective depth : 965.0 mm
Design Shear Force = 788.087 kN Design Shear Force = 333.686 kN
Design Shear Stress: 0.460 N/mm2 Design Shear Stress: 0.346 N/mm2
Pt(prov) = 0.470 % ; β = 7.410 Pt(prov) = 0.326 % ; β = 10.700
Perm. Shear Stress: 0.484 N/mm2 O.K. Perm. Shear Stress: 0.414 N/mm2 O.K.