Hot rolled Cold rolled

The material is not

deformed; there is no
The yield value is increased by
Material Yielding initial strain in the
15%–30% due to prework
properties strength material, hence yielding
(initial deformation).
starts at actual yield value
as the original material.

Modulus
of 29,000 ksi 29,500 ksi
elasticity

Unit Unit weight is

It is much smaller.
weight comparatively huge.

Ductility More ductile in nature. Less ductile.

Most of the time, we Local buckling, Distortional

Design consider only the global Buckling, Global Buckling
buckling of the member. have to be considered.

Load bearing structures, Application in many variety of

usually heavy load loading cases. This includes
bearing structures and building frames, automobile,
Main uses
where ductility is more aircraft, home appliances, etc.
important ( Example Use limited in cases where
Seismic prone areas) high ductility requirements.

Standard shapes are

Any desired shape can be
followed. High value of
Flexibility of molded out of the sheets. The
unit weight limits the
shapes light weight enhances its
flexibility of manufacturing
variety of usage.
wide variety of shapes.
 High Unit weight
increases the overall cost
Low unit weight reduces the
– material, lifting,
Economy cost comparatively. Ease of
transporting, etc. It is
construction (e.g. connection).
difficult to work with (e.g.
connection).

More possibilities as the

Research In the advanced stages at concept is relatively new and
possibilities present. material finds wide variety of
applications.

Minimum
Yield Tensile
ASTM Fu / Elongation
Steel Designation Product Strength Strength
Designation Fy (%) in 2-in.
Fy (ksi) Fu (ksi)
Gage Length

Carbon structural
A36 36 58-80 1.61 23
steel

A36 50 70 1.4 21

High-strength low-
A242 46 67 1.46 21
alloy Structural steel

Low and
intermediate tensile
A283
strength carbon steel
plates

A 24 45-60 1.88 30

B 27 50-65 1.85 28
 C 30 55-75 1.83 25

D 33 60-80 1.82 23

Cold-formed welded
and seamless carbon
Round
steel structural A500
Tubing
tubing in rounds and
shapes

A 33 45 1.36 25

B 42 58 1.38 23

C 46 62 1.35 21

D 36 58 1.61 23

Shape
Tubing

A 39 45 1.15 25

B 46 58 1.26 23

C 50 62 1.24 21

D 36 58 1.61 23

High-strength
carbon–manganese A529 Gr. 42 42 60-85 1.43 22
steel
 A529 Gr. 50 50 70-100 1.40 21

Hot-rolled carbon
steel sheets and
A570
strips of structural
quality

Gr. 30 30 49 1.63 21

Gr. 33 33 52 1.58 18

Gr. 36 36 53 1.47 17

Gr. 40 40 55 1.38 15

Gr. 45 45 60 1.33 13

Gr. 50 50 65 1.30 11

High-strength low-
alloy columbium–
A572
vanadium steels of
structural quality

Gr. 42 42 60 1.43 24

Gr. 50 50 65 1.30 21

Gr. 60 60 75 1.25 18

Gr. 65 65 80 1.23 17
 High-strength low-
alloy structural steel
A588 50 70 1.40 21
with 50 ksi minimum
yield point

Hot-rolled and cold-

rolled high-strength
Hot-rolled
low-alloy steel sheet
A606 as rolled 50 70 1.40 22
and strip with
cut length
improved corrosion
resistance

Hot-rolled
as rolled 45 65 1.44 22
coils

Hot-rolled
45 65 1.44 22
annealed

Cold-
45 65 1.44 22
rolled

Hot-rolled and cold-

rolled high-strength
low-alloy columbium A607 Class I
and/or vanadium
steel sheet and strip

Hot rolled (23)

Gr.45 45 60 1.33
Cold rolled
(22)

Hot rolled (20)

Gr.50 50 65 1.30 Cold rolled
(20)

Hot rolled (18)

Gr.55 55 70 1.27 Cold rolled
(18)

Gr.60 60 75 1.25 Hot rolled (16)

 Cold rolled
(16)

Hot rolled (14)

Gr.65 65 80 1.23 Cold rolled
(15)

Hot rolled (12)

Gr.70 70 85 1.21 Cold rolled
(14)

A607 Class
II
Hot rolled (23)
Gr.45 45 55 1.22 Cold rolled
(22)

Hot rolled (20)

Gr.50 50 60 1.20 Cold rolled
(20)

Hot rolled (18)

Gr.55 55 65 1.18 Cold rolled
(18)

Hot rolled (16)

Gr.60 60 70 1.17 Cold rolled
(16)

Hot rolled (14)

Gr.65 65 75 1.15 Cold rolled
(15)

Hot rolled (12)

Gr.70 70 80 1.14 Cold rolled
(14)

Cold-rolled carbon
A611
structural steel sheet
A 25 42 1.68 26
B 30 45 1.50 24
C 33 48 1.45 22
D 40 52 1.30 20
Zinc-coated or zinc-
iron alloy-coated A653 SS
steel sheet
 Gr. 33 33 45 1.36 20
Gr. 37 37 52 1.41 18
Gr. 40 40 55 1.38 16
50 Class 1 50 65 1.30 12
50 Class 3 50 70 1.40 12
HSLAS
Type A
50 50 60 1.20 20
60 60 70 1.17 16
70 70 80 1.14 12
80 80 90 1.13 10
HSLAS
Type B
50 50 60 1.20 22
60 60 70 1.17 18
70 70 80 1.14 14
80 80 90 1.13 12
Hot-rolled and cold-
rolled high-strength
low-alloy steel A715
sheets and strip with
improved formability
Gr. 50 50 60 1.20 22
Gr. 60 60 70 1.17 18
Gr. 70 70 80 1.14 14
Gr. 80 80 90 1.13 12
55% aluminum-zinc
alloy-coated steel
A792
sheet by the hot-dip
process
Gr. 33 33 45 1.36 20
Gr. 37 37 52 1.41 18
Gr. 40 40 55 1.38 16
Gr. 50A 50 65 1.30 12
Cold-formed welded
and seamless high-
strength, low-alloy
structural tubing A847 50 70 1.40 19
with improved
atmospheric
corrosion resistance
 Zinc-5% aluminum
alloy-coated steel
A875 SS
sheet by the hot-dip
process
Gr. 33 33 45 1.36 20
Gr. 37 37 52 1.41 18
Gr. 40 40 55 1.38 16
50 Class 1 50 65 1.30 12
50 Class 3 50 70 1.40 12
HSLAS
Type A
50 50 60 1.20 20
60 60 70 1.17 16
70 70 80 1.14 12
80 80 90 1.13 10
HSLAS
Type B
50 50 60 1.20 22
60 60 70 1.17 18
70 70 80 1.14 14
80 80 90 1.13 12

THICKNESS 1.5 - 8.0 MM

LENGTH UP TO 10,000 MM

YIELD STRENGTH 240 - 350 MPA

CR STEEL/ HR STEEL/ GALVANIZED

MATERIAL
STEEL

BARE/ RO PRIMER COATED/ PRE

TYPE
GALVANIZED/ HOT DIP GALVANIZED