Non-conforming building products

Submission 68 - Attachment 1

Developments in
International Safety
Glass Test Method
Standards
AGGA Executive Mtg.
Melbourne
16 November 2001
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

Standards Australia & ISO

Standards Australia policy is to

Adopt, as a matter of principle,
International standards wherever
possible in preference to preparing
a local Australian standard
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

ISO & CEN

‘Glass in Building’ Committees

Committee: TC160 TC129

SC 1
SC 2

Secretariat: BSI IBN

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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

ISO & CEN Glass Committees

Convenor CEN/TC129
Equivalent

Subcommittee 1
Product Considerations Mr J B Waldron, BSI
WG 1 Basic glass products Mr G Rougier, AFNOR WG 1
WG 2 Toughened glass Mr D Balkow, DIN WG 2
WG 3 Laminated glass Dr N Wruk, DIN WG 3
WG 4 Insulating glass units Ms L Waters, ANSI* WG 4
WG 5 Mirrors Dr G van Marcke de Lummen, IBN* WG 5
WG 6 Coated glass Mr M Diedrich, ANSI WG 6
WG 7 Glass blocks Mr R McMarlin, ANSI WG 7
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

ISO & CEN Glass Committees

Convenor CEN/TC129
Equivalent

Subcommittee 2
Use Considerations Mr J C Benney, ANSI

WG 1 Design strength of glass Mr J B Waldron, BSI WG 8

WG 2 Light & energy transmission ppties Mr A Nothe, DIN* WG 9
& thermal properties of glazing
WG 3 Airborne sound insulation of glazing Mr M Rehfeld, AFNOR* WG 10
WG 4 Fire resistant transparent glazing Mr H Nolte, DIN WG 11
materials
WG 5 Assembly rules and structural glazing Mr L Karlsson, IBN WG 12/16
WG 6 Safety glazing tests Mr J Weir, BSI WG 13
WG 7 Security glazing tests Dr J Turnbull, ANSI WG 14/15
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

ISO TC160 SC2 WG6

‘Safety Glazing Tests’

The objective of WG 6 is:

“To develop an ISO test method for determining the safe

breakage characteristics of glasses which are to be used
in critical safety locations in buildings”

Meetings of WG 6:

Kyoto, Japan - May 2000

Sydney - Feb 2001

Next: Beijing – 3-4 Dec 2001

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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

ANSI Z97.1.1984 Standard

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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

ANSI Shot Bag

Safety Glass Impact Test
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

CPSC 16 CFR, Part 1201

‘Safety Standard for Architectural Glazing
Materials’
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1
Comparison of National Impact Standards for
Laminated Safety Glass
Country Standard Classification Impact Height,
mm

Australia AS/NZS Grade A 300 min

2208:1996 Grade B 200 min

China GB 9962 - 1999 Category. II -1 1200

Category II - 2 750
Category III 300 min
Japan JIS R 3205 : 1998 Class II - 1 1200
Class II - 2 750
Class III 300 min

Europe prEN 12600:2000 Classification 3 190

Classification 2 450
Classification 1 1200

UK BS 6206:1981 Class C 305

Class B 305 &457
Class A 305,457 &1219
USA CPSC 16 CFR Category 1 457
1201 Category 2 1219

USA ANSI Z97.1-1984 Safety Glass 300 min

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AS 2208 – 1978
‘Safety Glazing Materials For Use in Buildings
(Human Impact Considerations)’

Preface

“The performance of safety glazing materials is evaluated by

an impact test to simulate human impact of such energy that
it could result in cutting and piercing injuries.

Toughened safety glass has intrinsic properties which enable

its impact performance to be determined by a simplified
test procedure” (fragmentation test using a centre-punch).
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

CEN Frame and

Twin Tyre Impactor
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

Safety Glass Test Impactors

Shot Bag Impactor Twin Tyre Impactor

USA, Australia, Japan, etc. Europe (prEN12600)
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

Globalisation of Glass Standards

China

CEN ISO
Vienna Agreement Glass
ISO Standards

ASTM SAA JIS

ANSI
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

EN ISO Standard 12543 for Laminated Glass

• Six part standard

• Five parts have been issued as standards

• Negative votes were lodged on Part 2,

‘Laminated Safety Glass’, by USA, Japan and
Australia because of the prEN 12600 impact
test method. This part remains a Draft.
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ISO/TC 160/SC 1/WG 3 Meeting

Brussels, 25 February 1999

Australia advised an intention to carry out a program

of evaluation of the test method in draft prEN 12600
versus the current AS 2208: 1996 shot-bag impact test
on both laminated glass and toughened glass.
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Issues with prEN 12600 Impact Test

1. The prEN 12600 impact test rig is expensive

to build

2. Calibration tests must be done – these are costly

3. Are impact test results using the twin tyre

impactor representative of results using the
ANSI lead shot-bag ?
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

European Claims on Twin Tyre Impactor

The test is:

More reproducible

More repeatable
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

China Impact Test Program – “Calibration” Results

4200
Do u b l e Ty r e
4000
J a p a n e s e Sh o t Ba g
3800
ANSI Sh o t Ba g
3600
p r EN1 2 6 0 0 Re f e r e n c e
3400
-6

DT_ Ch i n e s e GB Ri g
St r a i n × 1 0

3200 SB_ Ch i n e s e GB Ri g
3000

2800

2600

2400

2200
Ho r i z o n t a l

2000

1800

1600

1400

1200

1000

200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Dr o p He i g h t / mm
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China Impact Test Results – Laminated Glass

Test Twin JIS ANSI

Rig Tyre Soft LSB
Impacto LSB
r
Lowest height at Old 900 800 800
which penetration prEN 900 900 700
occurred
Highest height at Old 1100 800 800
which safe prEN 1000 800 700
breakage
occurred

Conclusions:
1. Construction of lead shot bag has little influence on results
2. Twin tyre gives slightly higher result than lead shot bag
3. The prEN 12600 rig and calibration apears unnecessary
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

6.38 mm Laminated Glass

ANSI Lead Shot Bag – 750 mm Drop Height

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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

6 mm Tempered Glass – China

Comparison – Height to Break, mm

Drop Height LSB TTI

200 NA 0
300 5 NA
450 11 0
600 6 1
750 2 1
900 3 1
1050 - 0
1200 - 3
DNB 1200 - 13
AVERAGE 527 NA
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4 mm Tempered Glass Panel

C 4-2-9

DSR 110 MPa

ANSI LSB Impact Test

Panel broke at drop height of 200 mm.

These particles and others were picked

up from the concrete floor. Longest
particle (not shown) was 157 mm.

Weight of ten longest particles

(lengths 125 mm to 157 mm) was
51 grams.

Note: The equivalent weight of

6,500 m2 of 4 mm glass is 65 grams
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4 mm Tempered Panel
C 4-2-6

GASP: 94 MPa

Fragmentation Test

Using spring-loaded
punch

Point of Impact: Edge

Minimum Particle Count: 40

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4 mm Tempered Panel
C 4-2-5

DSR: 112 MPa

Fragmentation Test

Using spring–loaded
punch

Point of Impact: Centre

Longest particle 197 mm

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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

The Daily Telegraph

January 30, 1989
HEADLINE: Glass makers’ safety claims are false, says council
BYLINE: By John Grigsby, Local Government Correspondent
THE CLAIMS of the manufacturers of "safety glass" are false, Croydon Borough
Council told Trading Standards Institutes throughout the country. Some
"toughened safety glass" - fitted in patio doors and conservatories - has failed
to receive the treatment which ensures the toughened structure necessary for
safety glass standards, according to tests by council officers with experts from
the British Standards Institute. Croydon said that the glass broke far too easily,
producing "lethal spikes as long as 10 inches." It fell below even the minimum
current British standard.
The evidence emerged after Croydon's investigation into the death of a six-year-
old boy last year. The child died after falling through glass in a conservatory
which had been erected under the guarantee that the materials met the
toughened standards. Even before the accident, the council had sought
improvements to the existing British standard for safety glass.
It argued that the current specification only took account of the weight and not
the length of the shattered pieces.
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

European Standard for Toughened Glass

EN 12150-1:2000

Particle count (fragmentation test) is used to classify toughened

glass as safety glass

The length of the longest particle shall not exceed 100 mm

If the glass is to be used to protect against accidental human

impact the glass must also be classified according to the
prEN 12600 impact test
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Submission 68 - Attachment 1

Fracture Patterns of 4mm Thick

Tempered Glasses

Splines
Splines
SN shot bag Double tire
h=300mm h=300mm
Splines : 4mm and 6mm tempered glasses
No Splines : 8mm tempered glass
1 20 Jun 2001 Glass Processing Days
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Splines in Broken Toughened Glass

• Are found with some toughened glass following breakage

in the pendulum impact test

• Do not manifest in the fragmentation test (punch test) when

impact is at the edge

• Are found if a panel is punch tested at the centre of the panel

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Text for future ISO Safety Glass Standard

“The breaking behaviour of toughened glass is generally

characterised by the formation of small relatively harmless
particles. However, under certain conditions, depending on
the method of framing and means of breakage, there can
be clumping together of small particles or the formation of
shards. If these breakage patterns occur, they may increase
the risk of injury.”

ISO TC160 SC 2 WG6 Meeting – Tokyo, Japan – May 2000